资源简介

(共32张PPT)
Unit 1　Wish you were here
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
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Have you ever wondered what animals are talking about With the development of AI,we may be able to understand their languages!
In Professor Karen Bakker’s new book,The Sounds of Life:How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants,she talks about how AI is helping us to make an animal version of Google Translate.
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All around the animal kingdom,there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand.Elephants,for example,talk with each other using infrasound(次声波)—far below our human hearing range.Corals(珊瑚) in the ocean also send sound waves to attract baby corals to safer areas to grow.This is surprising as corals don’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment into these environments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear.
After the sounds are recorded,AI can study their meaning,according to the news website Vox.For example,some researchers used AI to translate bats’ 15,000 calls.They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things:food,sleep positions,occupation of personal space,and unwanted advances.
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This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them.For example,bees use dances to communicate.A research team in Germany,therefore,put the bee language AI system into a robot bee.They asked the robot to create a dance route to tell the bees where the nectar(花蜜) was, Vox reported.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能听懂动物语言的人工智能技术。
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1.What is Karen Bakker’s new book mainly about
A.How AI helps translate animals’ sounds.
B.Why AI can help people research animals.
C.How AI helps people do translations better.
D.Why animals need help from human beings.
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细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,Karen Bakker的新书主要讲的是人工智能如何帮助翻译动物的声音。故选A项。
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2.What do we know about the sounds made by animals
A.No sounds by animals can be heard by humans.
B.The sounds guarantee animals safer areas to live.
C.Corals have ears to send and receive sound waves.
D.Elephants’ sound waves are beyond human hearing range.
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细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All around the animal kingdom,there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand.Elephants,for example,talk with each other using infrasound—far below our human hearing range.”可知,大象的声波是人类听不见的。故选D项。
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3.What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A.The arguments of bats.
B.The recording of animal sounds.
C.The contents of the news website.
D.The findings of AI translation.
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段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,第四段主要讲的是人工智能翻译的发现。故选D项。
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4.How could scientists tell bees where the nectar was
A.By learning the bee language.
B.By creating a route with AI system.
C.By employing a robot bee as their guide.
D.By asking a robot bee to teach them dance.
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细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A research team in Germany,therefore,put the bee language AI system into a robot bee.They asked the robot to create a dance route to tell the bees where the nectar was,Vox reported.”可知,科学家通过用一只机器蜜蜂做向导来告诉蜜蜂花蜜在哪里。故选C项。
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B
With a full career in both politics and business,Hiram Fong never set out to develop one of Oahu’s most impressive horticulture(园艺) attractions.Fong, whose political career lasted over thirty years,was one of the first two senators(参议员) from Hawaii when it became a state in 1959 and the first Asian American to serve in the US Senate.Before working in politics,Fong paid his own way through Harvard Law School and,upon graduating helped found and run a law firm.Fong eventually led several companies,all the while, gardening was his escape.
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In 1950,Fong purchased more than 700 acres of land on Oahu,above Kaneohe Bay.Wanting to experiment with growing fruit,he planted banana, then papaya,lemon,jackfruit,and avocado.By also choosing to plant crops such as bamboo,coconut,betel nut,and turmeric,he broadened the types of plants in his garden and developed a landscape reminding people of Hawaii hundreds of years ago.
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After he retired from politics in 1977,Fong continued to be in charge of his companies,but he focused on gardening,personally importing and planting countless species of plants.Eventually,he divided his land into five gardens, each one named after a US president who had served while Fong was a senator. The Eisenhower Plateau is dedicated to native Chinese plants,such as the Hong Kong orchid tree and the Java plum.The Johnson Plateau features foreign fruits.Kennedy Valley supports ginger and palms from all over the world. Nixon Valley abounds with flowers while the Ford Plateau highlights hillsides of pili grasses.
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The preserve is now named Senator Fong’s Plantation and Gardens, complete with a visitors’ center and guided tours.Until his death in 2004 at ninety-seven,Fong spent every weekend tending to his flowers and trees and associating with visitors.He considered gardening a contributing reason for his long and healthy life.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海勒姆·方如何打造了瓦胡岛最令人印象深刻的园艺景点之一。
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5.What made Fong start gardening
A.His life experiences in Hawaii.
B.His big ambition for business.
C.His political career as a senator.
D.His temporary release from reality.
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细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Before working in politics,Fong paid his own way through Harvard Law School and,upon graduating helped found and run a law firm.Fong eventually led several companies,all the while,gardening was his escape.”可知,为了暂时脱离现实,方开始从事园艺。故选D项。
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6.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.Fong’s further devotion to gardening.
B.Fong’s management of companies.
C.Fong’s research on plant species.
D.Fong’s naming of his gardens.
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段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要讲述了方对园艺的进一步投入。故选A项。
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7.What can be learnt about Fong from the last paragraph
A.He lived quite a busy but regular life in his old age.
B.He credited gardening for his long and healthy life.
C.He kept taking care of flowers as his daily routine.
D.He spent his later years establishing a visitors’ centre.
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细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Until his death in 2004 at ninety-seven, Fong spent every weekend tending to his flowers and trees and associating with visitors.He considered gardening a contributing reason for his long and healthy life.”可知,方认为园艺是他健康长寿的一个重要原因。故选B项。
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8.What does the author want to convey through this passage
A.It is care and diligence that bring luck.
B.It takes three generations to make a gentleman.
C.Nothing great is ever achieved without enthusiasm.
D.Patience is a flower that grows not in everyone’s garden.
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推理判断题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中的“After he retired from politics in 1977,Fong continued to be in charge of his companies,but he focused on gardening,personally importing and planting countless species of plants.”和最后一段中的“Until his death in 2004 at ninety-seven,Fong spent every weekend tending to his flowers and trees and associating with visitors.”可知,作者通过讲述海勒姆·方打造自己花园的经过,无论什么时候,不管是从政还是经商的时候,方先生都会抽出时间来经营自己的花园。由此推知,作者想要表述没有热情成就不了任何伟大的事业。故选C项。
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Ⅱ.七选五
One of the best ways to practice forgiveness is with the REACH method. REACH stands for Recall,Empathize (移情),Altruistic (利他的) gift,Commit and Hold.　1　
Recall.The first step is to recall the wrongdoing in an objective way.The goal is not to think of the person in a negative light,but to come to a clear understanding of the wrong that was done.　2　 Don’t push aside anything, especially if it makes you feel angry or upset.
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Empathize.Try to understand the other person’s point of view regarding why he or she hurt you,but don’t minimize the wrong that was done. Sometimes the wrongdoing was not personal,but due to something the other person was dealing with.　3　 They often don’t think clearly when they hurt others,and they just lose control.
Altruistic gift.This step is about addressing your own shortcomings. Recall a time when you treated someone unkindly and were forgiven.　4　 Recognizing this helps you realize that forgiveness is an altruistic gift that you can give to others.
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mit yourself to forgiveness.For instance,write about your forgiveness in a journal or a letter that you don’t send or tell a friend.
Hold.Finally,hold on to your forgiveness.This step is tough because memories of the event will often happen again.Forgiveness is not erasure (消除).　5　 When bad feelings arise,remind yourself that you have forgiven and finally you want good for the offender.
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A.How did it make you feel
B.Here is a look at each step.
C.Forgiveness is a character of the strong and wise.
D.How can you acquire the habit of showing kindness to others
E.Rather,it’s about changing your reaction to those awful memories.
F.Visualize the person and situation and all the feelings that come with it.
G.People who attack others are sometimes themselves in a state of fear and worry.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了练习宽恕的最好方法之一是使用REACH法——回忆、共情、利他、承诺和坚持。
1.B　根据上文“One of the best ways to practice forgiveness is with the REACH method.REACH stands for Recall,Empathize,Altruistic gift,Commit and Hold.”可知,本文话题为REACH法,根据下文五个小标题可知,B项起到承上启下作用,统领下文。
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2.F　本段小标题为Recall,根据上文“The first step is to recall the wrongdoing...of the wrong that was done.”可知,通过回顾过失可以帮助了解这人错在哪里,复现词为the person;F项“Visualize the person and situation and all the feelings that come with it.”具体表述怎么回顾,下文“Don’t push aside anything,especially if it makes you feel angry or upset.”中的feel angry or upset呼应F项中的all the feelings that come with it,上下文衔接连贯。
3.G　根据下文“They often don’t think clearly when they hurt others,and they just lose control.”可知当他们伤害别人的时候,他们往往没有想清楚,他们只是失去了控制;They指代G项中的People who attack others,攻击他人的人有时因处于恐惧和担忧的状态而失控伤人,上下文衔接连贯顺畅。
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4.A　根据上文“Recall a time when you treated someone unkindly and were forgiven.”可知回忆一下你对别人不友好而被原谅的经历。上文与A项为顺接关系,下文“Recognizing this helps you realize that forgiveness is an altruistic gift that you can give to others.”中的this指代A项内容,上下文衔接连贯。
5.E　本段小标题为Hold,作为练习宽恕的最后一个环节,根据上文“Forgiveness is not erasure.”可知宽恕不是抹去,上文与E项为转折关系;下文“When bad feelings arise,remind yourself that you have forgiven and finally you want good for the offender.”承接E项内容,表达了面对不好的记忆、感觉,不是抹去,而是改变自己的态度、反应,上下文衔接连贯。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
Thanks to abundant rainfall and the patient effort of the local government, Jinan,1.　　　　　 provincial capital of Shandong that 2.　　 　　(title)as the “city of springs”,has seen a year of remarkable achievement.
The Baotu Spring,a famous scenic spot in the city’s Lixia district,saw its water table beyond 30 meters on Oct.11 to reach the 3.　　　　　　(high) level for that time of year since it started gushing(喷涌)again in 2003.Since early this year,the spring’s water table 4.　　　　　　　　　(be) on the rise,the water affairs bureau says.There are 1,209 artesian(自然流淌的)springs in Jinan,according to a list 5. 　　　　　　(publish) in September last year.
the
is titled
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The southern hilly area,6.　　　　　　 also collects and generates the spring water,is higher than the river plain to the north.The groundwater flows downward and gushes out at the foot of the hills.In some springs,bubbles are seen rising from the bedrock.The water is so clear in every spring that
7.　　　　　　(tourist) can see the bottom of the springs.The Black Tiger Spring originates 8.　　　　　　 a 3-meter-deep,1.7-meter-wide
9.　　　　　　(nature)cave.Its name comes from the roaring sound it makes 10. 　　　　　　 water gushes out of tiger head-shaped stones.
The springs in Jinan are a way of life.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东省省会济南的几处著名的泉水。
1.the　考查冠词。句意:在充足的降雨和当地政府的耐心努力下,被称为“泉城”的山东省省会济南取得了令人瞩目的成就。表示特指,故填the。
2.is titled　考查动词的时态和语态。关系代词that引导定语从句,从句修饰先行词Jinan,该空是从句谓语,that指代先行词作从句的主语,和title是被动关系,所以用被动语态。描述客观事实,用一般现在时。故填is titled。
3.highest　考查形容词最高级。句意:10月11日,位于历下区的著名景点趵突泉的地下水位突破30米,达到自2003年以来的最高水位。根据定冠词the和句意可知,表示“最高水位”,用形容词最高级形式。故填highest。
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4.has been　考查动词的时态。句意:水务局表示,自今年年初以来,该泉的地下水位一直在上升。根据时间状语Since early this year可知,此处应用现在完成时。主语the spring’s water table是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has been。
5.published　考查非谓语动词。句意:根据去年9月公布的一份清单,济南有1209个自流泉。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。名词a list和publish是被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填published。
6.which　考查定语从句。句意:南部丘陵地区也收集和产生泉水,比北部的河流平原要高。句中先行词为The southern hilly area,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
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7.tourists　考查名词的数。句意:每年春天的水都很清澈,游客可以看到泉水的底部。tourist为可数名词,此处表示泛指,所以为复数形式。故填tourists。
8.from　考查介词。句意:黑虎泉起源于一个3米深,1.7米宽的天然洞穴。originate from起源于。故填from。
9.natural　考查形容词。修饰名词cave,应用形容词形式。故填natural。
10.when　考查状语从句。句意:它的名字来自当水从虎头形状的石头中涌出时发出的轰鸣声。表示“当……时候”,用连词when,引导时间状语从句。故填when。
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Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华,你的新西兰笔友Johnson将要到北京旅行,想请你帮他做一日旅游攻略。请你给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.旅行计划;
2.交通、饮食等安排。
注意:
1.词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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Dear Johnson,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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Dear Johnson,
It’s my honour to have the chance to arrange your travel plan.
As you know,Beijing is the capital of China with a long history.On your arrival,you’ll take the Palace Museum as your first destination,which is the largest and most well-reserved imperial residence in China today.Then you’ll have the chance to admire the Great Wall,one of the greatest wonders of the world.You will mainly take the metro,for it is very convenient.You have to taste Beijing Roast Duck,which is a world-famous Beijing dish.
Looking forward to seeing you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua (共37张PPT)
Unit 2　Out of this world
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Scientists have recently discovered the world’s largest known field of seagrass.They did it using videos shot by some extraordinary helpers.The work should help protect the seagrass,and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.
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As a shelter for many sea creatures,seagrass is a flowering plant that normally grows in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields,known as seagrass meadows(海草草场),which help clean the ocean water.More importantly,they are called “ocean lung”.They help in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge amounts of carbon—the major source of global warming.Damaging these seagrass meadows can release this pollutant again,making things worse.
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Considering the urgent need to protect seagrass meadows,scientists are eager to know about their size and number.However,the meadows can be hard to spot from above,either because the water is too deep or not clear enough. And the ocean is so huge that it’s hard to study them by diving.So scientists decided to have tiger sharks help the research.
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Tiger sharks are inborn fast swimmers,and spend a lot of time in seagrass meadows.Between 2016 and 2020,the researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks,and then let them go again.The cameras were designed to fall off after hours and float to the surface.Tracking signals helped find the floating cameras and collect the videos the sharks had taken while traveling for miles.Moreover,other tools were used,including satellite images,as well as images taken by divers and boats.
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Putting all this information together,the scientists learned that the waters around the Bahamas are home to the largest seagrass meadow ever discovered. And the meadows cover at least 25,500 square miles,and could be as large as 35,500 square miles.
Different from previous studies,the program discovers how useful large underwater animals can be in helping to learn more about life under the sea. Oliver Shipley,a scientist from the team,says animals like tiger sharks are going to take us to new places that we didn’t know existed.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。他们借助一些不寻常的助手拍摄的视频来做到这一点。这项工作应该有助于保护海草,同时也展示了一种探索海洋的强大方式。
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1.Why do seagrass meadows urgently need protection
A.Damaging them will worsen climate crisis.
B.They determine the cleanliness of ocean water.
C.Sea creatures can’t survive without their shelter.
D.Their existence balances the underwater ecosystem.
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细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They help in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge amounts of carbon—the major source of global warming.Damaging these seagrass meadows can release this pollutant again,making things worse.”可知,海草草场迫切需要保护是因为破坏它们将加剧气候危机。
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2.How did tiger sharks help the scientific research
A.By tracking signals scientists sent.
B.By bringing back cameras with videos.
C.By carrying the recording equipment around.
D.By spending a lot of time in seagrass meadows.
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细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Between 2016 and 2020,the researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks,and then let them go again.The cameras were designed to fall off after hours and float to the surface.Tracking signals helped find the floating cameras and collect the videos the sharks had taken while traveling for miles.Moreover,other tools were used,including satellite images,as well as images taken by divers and boats.”可知,虎鲨是通过随身携带记录设备帮助科学研究的。故选C项。
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3.What is the highlight about the research according to the text
A.Leading scientists.
B.Advanced theories.
C.Multiple experimental tools.
D.Unusual research assistants.
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推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知,文章中研究的亮点是不同寻常的研究辅助对象——虎鲨。
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4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.Man and Nature Work Together
B.A Novel Way to Explore the Sea
C.Sea Grass:An Undervalued Plant
D.Ocean Lung Measured by Natural Explorers
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标题归纳题。根据文章大意,尤其是第一段和第二段中的“As a shelter for many sea creatures,seagrass is a flowering plant that normally grows in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields,known as seagrass meadows”可知,文章主要讲述了科学家们发现了世界上已知的最大的海草场。他们借助一些不寻常的助手拍摄的视频来做到这一点。这项工作应该有助于保护海草,同时也展示了一种探索海洋的强大方式。故文章最好的标题是“由自然探险家测量的海洋肺”。
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B
The students stand on a pier(码头) over the Harlem River in New York City.They stare down into the brown water.Their teacher,Mr.Rodman,pulls a long rope out of the river.Fastened to the end of the rope is a metal cage and inside are oysters(牡蛎).Taking turns,the students measure all the oysters,and then compare notes.The biggest oyster is over 2 inches long,much bigger than a healthy size for its age! They also measure the level of oxygen.As more oysters grow,the water should become clearer and hold more oxygen.Also, other animals should move in.
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Oysters are soft-bodied animals,and share the underwater community with plants,fish,and other life.They are food for crabs and other animals.As new oysters grow,they attach their shells to older ones,forming big reefs with many small spaces where other animals live.Oysters eat algae(藻类).If algae grow too fast,they can decrease oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen to breathe!
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But what happened to the oysters 100 years ago in New York Harbor Before then,lots of oysters lived in these waters.They were shipped to restaurants around the world.By the early 1900s,people were eating them faster than they could grow.Pollution was pouring into the waters.The harbor became seriously polluted.Since the 1970s,new laws have helped reduce poisonous waste.Some fish started to swim through again.But oysters were still missing—until recently.
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The Billion Oyster Project began in 2014 to help bring oysters back to New York Harbor.The project has recruited(招募) more than 6,500 students at more than 100 middle schools and high schools to help grow,distribute,and study the oysters.
Finally,the students put the oysters back in the cage.Mr.Rodman lowers the cage into the river.In a few months,they will check the cage again.When the oysters are big enough,they will be moved to join a healthy reef in the middle of the harbor.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了学生通过在码头进行测量获知,消失已久的牡蛎再次出现。同时介绍了牡蛎在水中起到的作用以及解释了牡蛎在纽约港消失的原因。最后学生们通过研究发现,这些大自然的助手正在回归。
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5.Why do students come to the pier over the Harlem River
A.To do research.　 B.To go fishing.
C.To buy oysters. D.To clean up the river.
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细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The students stand on a pier(码头) over the Harlem River in New York City.They stare down into the brown water.Their teacher,Mr.Rodman,pulls a long rope out of the river.”以及“They also measure the level of oxygen.As more oysters grow,the water should become clearer and hold more oxygen.”可知,通过学生们在码头所做的各种测量,可知学生们在进行研究。故选A项。
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6.What is the second paragraph mainly about
A.What oysters are like.
B.How oysters get fed.
C.Why algae grow fast.
D.What role oysters play.
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段落大意题。根据第二段中的“Oysters eat algae(藻类).If algae grow too fast,they can decrease oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen to breathe!”可知,本段主要介绍了牡蛎吃海藻,并且有益于水中氧气的产生,即阐述了牡蛎在水中所起到的作用。
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7.What can we learn about oysters in New York Harbor
A.People’s love of eating oysters boosted their numbers.
B.More oysters than before lived in waters in the 1900s.
C.Polluted water was partly to blame for the missing of oysters.
D.New laws in the 1970s were crucial to oysters’ recovery.
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推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Pollution was pouring into the waters.The harbor became seriously polluted.Since the 1970s,new laws have helped reduce poisonous waste.Some fish started to swim through again.But oysters were still missing—until recently.”可知,受到污染的影响,牡蛎在纽约港仍然是不见踪影的。
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8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Oysters Raised in New York Harbor
B.The Harlem River Polluted Heavily
C.Nature’s Helpful Crew Brought Back
D.Teacher Devoted to Wildlife Protection
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标题归纳题。通读全文,文章讲述了学生通过在码头进行测量获知,消失已久的牡蛎再次出现。同时根据第二段中的“Oysters eat algae(藻类).If algae grow too fast,they can decrease oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen to breathe!”可知,此处主要介绍了牡蛎吃海藻,并且有益于水中氧气的产生,因此C项“Nature’s Helpful Crew Brought Back(大自然的帮手回来了)”适合作文章标题。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
Making a family
For years,Dad had avoided getting a dog.Whenever the 　1　 came up, Dad complained:“Dogs are a pain.I don’t want to be 　2　.” Despite his strong opposition,Mom brought home a puppy named Chip,a cute ball that 　3　 us all.
For me,at age thirteen,Chip brought out my 　4　 side.I fed,brushed and walked him every day.I also learned that when we 　5　 what is important to us,we harvest the benefits.For me,this meant a loyal (忠诚的) companion, someone to 　6　 me at the door when I returned,and someone to kiss my face when I was sad.And this 　7　 stayed with me as I grew.
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Chip even 　8　 Dad.It was nearly a month before Chip’s 　9　 personality won him over.Dad was the first to 　10　 him to sit on the sofa.He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.
Most importantly,Chip brought us together as a 　11　.After dinner, instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before,we’d review 　12　 tricks or teach him new ones in the family room.We’d 　13　 funny stories of the cute things he’d done that day.The important thing is that we’d do this together.
People who are not dog lovers sometimes complain about those who treat their pets too much like 　14　.What they don’t understand is that it is the pets that stimulate the 　15　 of their humanity.
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1.A.topic　　 B.news　　
C.problem　 D.doubt
2.A.replaced B.destroyed
C.bothered D.controlled
3.A.defeated B.challenged
C.discouraged D.transformed
4.A.awkward B.responsible
C.generous D.creative
5.A.take care of B.agree on
C.give in to D.rely on
6.A.push B.greet
C.grab D.order
7.A.lesson B.idiom
C.issue D.process
8.A.feared B.softened
C.admired D.strengthened
9.A.adorable B.strong
C.aggressive D.strange
10.A.force B.forbid
C.allow D.order
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11.A.committee B.company
C.family D.group
12.A.complex B.previous
C.simple D.basic
13.A.create B.invent
C.share D.read
14.A.animals B.fans
C.toys D.humans
15.A.origin B.future
C.weakness D.beauty
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一只宠物狗影响了全家人,甚至使讨厌狗的父亲也喜欢上了这只小狗,使全家人更团结。作者认为小动物可以激发人性中的美好。
1.A　上文说父亲逃避养狗这件事情,所以家人说到养狗这个话题,父亲就抱怨,表示反对。
2.C　结合上文和句中“Dogs are a pain.”可推知,父亲认为狗是令人头痛的东西,不想被打扰。
3.D　根据下文可知,第二段讲“我”变得有责任心了;第三段讲父亲从讨厌狗变成喜欢小狗,允许狗坐在沙发上,还给他玩具玩;第四段讲,原来全家人晚饭后各自回到自己房间,不交流,现在大家一起和小狗玩耍,一起交流,增强了家庭凝聚力。总之,小狗改变了“我”们一家。
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4.B　根据下文“I fed,brushed and walked him every day.”可知,“我”每天负责喂小狗、给他洗澡、遛狗,由此推断,小狗使“我”变得有责任心了。
5.A　根据上文“I fed,brushed and walked him every day.”和下文“For me,this meant a loyal companion”可知,“我”照顾小狗,收获了一个忠诚的伙伴。
6.B　根据句中“at the door when I returned”可知,“我”回家时,小狗会在家门口迎接“我”。
7.A　根据上文“I also learned that...”可知,“我”认识到在付出的同时自己也会受益,这就是“我”通过养狗学习到的一个经验,这个经验一直伴随着“我”的成长。
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8.B　文章开头讲父亲特别讨厌狗,反对养狗,结合本段末“He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.”可知,爸爸对小狗的态度转变了,缓和了对小狗的态度。
9.A　根据上一段讲小狗在门口迎接主人归来,主人伤心时安慰主人,和本段中讲爸爸也喜欢上它,可推知,小狗讨人喜欢。
10.C　下文“He even made chew toys for Chip to play with.”说明爸爸也开始宠爱小狗,结合副词“even”可推知,爸爸是第一个让小狗坐沙发的人。
11.C　根据句中“brought us together”和下文“instead of escaping to our bedrooms as before”可知,小狗改变了所有人的习惯,让一家人聚在了一起。
12.B　根据句中“review”可知,是复习以前学的把戏。
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13.C　结合常识和句中“funny stories of the cute things”可知,一家人在一起会讲小狗做的有趣的事,这是一种分享。
14.D　不爱狗的人有时会抱怨那些把宠物太当人一样对待的爱狗人士。根据句中“People who are not dog lovers”和“complain”可推知,不爱狗的人会抱怨爱狗人士把狗当人来对待。
15.D　上文说不爱狗的人有时会抱怨爱狗人士把宠物太当人一样对待,结合句中“What they don’t understand”可知,作者对此作出回应,说明原因:宠物激发了人性的美。
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Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Most of us never forget the person that was there for us in our darkest times.Apparently,penguins(企鹅) don’t either.
On a typical day,off the coast of a small Brazilian island,Joao Pereira de Souza headed out fishing.He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters.Staring out at the oily waves,he decided it was not a good day to fish.But walking on the beach that day,he found a struggling penguin, covered in oil and starving.
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Joao took the penguin home,and spent a whole week gently cleaning it and nursing it back to health.He named it Dindim,a Portuguese word meaning “ice pop”.Dindim is a Magellanic penguin,a species known for living in the seas of South America.In order to breed(繁殖),they must return to Patagonia,5,000 miles from Joao’s home.
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After a week of rehabilitation(康复),Joao patiently took Dindim back to the sea and taught it how to swim again.When Dindim could swim quite well, Joao took it out into the sea by boat and dropped it off to encourage it to swim back to its home.But when he was back to shore,he found the penguin waiting for him.Joao made two more attempts later,but each time the bird would just return to Joao’s home.It seemed that Dindim had already formed a family bond with Joao and wouldn’t leave.
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Joao had no choice but to keep the little creature.During the following months,Dindim would follow behind Joao to fish on the coast joyfully.Dindim also liked to lie on Joao’s lap,letting Joao give it showers,allowing Joao to feed it fish and to pick it up.Joao and his family enjoyed the company of Dindim. But deep inside Joao’s heart,he knew Dindim belonged to the wild.Gradually, the hot summer days witnessed the change of its new feathers.Was it time to say “goodbye”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
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Suddenly one morning,Joao found Dindim disappeared.______________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later,Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard._____
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Suddenly one morning,Joao found Dindim disappeared.“Has it really left ” Joao wondered,his mind mixing with sorrow and joy.In order to breed, he knew that Dindim had to go back,but it still made him heartbroken.Looking at the empty nest,he refused to leave.After a while,he bent down,picked up a few feathers from the ground,and turned back to the room.When putting the feather into a jar,he said to himself,“Fine,it’s finally grown up.”
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A few months later,Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard.He hurriedly ran to the backyard.What caught his eyes were a group of penguins looking around! One even staggered up to him and looked up at him,as if asking,“Old friend,do you remember me ” It was Dindim! He quickly bent down,gently stroking its feathers.Later,these penguins lived there for a while and left some beautiful memories.So,just like Dindim,a penguin remembering who saved it when in trouble,let’s always be grateful.(共30张PPT)
Unit 3　Back to the past
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Miss Baugh taught seventh-grade social studies.She was the kind of teacher that perhaps everyone has had at least once:scary.In class,she always taught us to take school seriously.She had been teaching for a long time and I was as afraid of her as anyone,including the boys who were typically naughty in the back row.
But I also had a life outside of school and had just discovered cheap objects for pranks.One such prop(道具) had two parts:an ink bottle painted to look as though it had overturned,and a piece of shiny black metal shaped like a pool.
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Of all the people I could have tricked,unexpectedly I chose Miss Baugh. At the beginning of the class,I opened her book and placed the props on one of the pages.Then I waited for the fun.When Miss Baugh saw the bottle and the spilled ink,she let out a little cry and looked for something to wipe up the ink with.The trick had succeeded beyond my expectations.But then I suddenly knew I had no control over what would happen next.When Miss Baugh tried to remove the ink with a paper towel,she discovered it was just a piece of black metal.She picked it up,her eyes sweeping the classroom with a deadly gaze.Then came the question:“Who did this ”
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After some hesitation,I raised my hand.Miss Baugh fixed me with a stare that terrified me,and my classmates.And then,most unexpectedly,she laughed. “Well,it certainly fooled me!” she said.She returned the props to me,and for a few seconds a sweet little aged lady appeared right where Miss Baugh stood.
We got back to having a class.But something had changed for me.I began to realize that,if someone like Miss Baugh had a warm heart beneath that crusty surface,then other crusty people would probably do,too.That may have been the most valuable lesson I learned.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师Miss Baugh是个很可怕的人,某天作者对Miss Baugh恶作剧,结果Miss Baugh没有生气反而笑了。这让作者意识到冷峻的人可能对别人很友好。
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1.Which words best describe Miss Baugh according to paragraph 1
A.Serious and experienced.
B.Easy-going and selfless.
C.Naughty and demanding.
D.Scary and narrow-minded.
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推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In class,she always taught us to take school seriously.She had been teaching for a long time and I was as afraid of her as anyone,including the boys who were typically naughty in the back row.”可推知,Miss Baugh严肃且经验丰富。
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2.What does the underlined word “pranks” probably mean in paragraph 2
A.Bets.　　　 B.Experiments.
C.Tricks. D.Strategies.
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词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“One such prop had two parts:an ink bottle painted to look as though it had overturned,and a piece of shiny black metal shaped like a pool.”可知,此处描写的道具由两部分组成:一个被涂成翻倒样子的墨水瓶,还有一块闪闪发光的黑色金属,形状像一个水池。即这些是作者用来恶作剧的东西。故画线词意思是“恶作剧”。
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3.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.Miss Baugh’s stare wasn’t as terrifying as before.
B.The author was given away and finally raised his hand.
C.Miss Baugh burst into laughter and gave the props back.
D.A little aged lady entered the classroom to give a lecture.
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推理判断题。根据第四段中的“And then,most unexpectedly,she laughed. ‘Well,it certainly fooled me!’ she said.She returned the props to me,and for a few seconds a sweet little aged lady appeared right where Miss Baugh stood.”可知,Miss Baugh放声大笑,把道具还给了作者。
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4.What valuable lesson did the author learn
A.Crusty people can be easily changed.
B.Crusty people may be friendly to others.
C.Crusty people are difficult to get along with.
D.Crusty people are sensitive to others’ feelings.
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推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I began to realize that,if someone like Miss Baugh had a warm heart beneath that crusty surface,then other crusty people would probably do,too.That may have been the most valuable lesson I learned.”可知,作者学到了冷峻的人可能对别人很友好。
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B
Do you often compare yourself to other people Comparisons can help to make decisions and motivate you but they can also pull you into a comparison trap.
Whether it’s the number of goals you’ve scored at football or how many books you’ve read,it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else.Scientists say it’s a natural behaviour that helps humans learn from each other,live happily together and achieve more.Although comparing can be good for you,it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.
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Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.“Comparing up” means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However,Goddard-Hill says,“Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.” “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you.This might make you feel you’re doing well,says Goddard-Hill,but it can also stop you wanting to improve.
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If your feelings depend on what other people are doing,“Surround yourself with cheerleaders,” suggests Goddard-Hill.Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your strengths rather than compare themselves to you.If you follow social media accounts that make you feel you are failing in any way,unfollow them.“Find ones that make you laugh or show you lovely places instead,” she says.Finally,focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.“The best person you can compete with is yourself,” says Goddard-Hill.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在生活中,我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱,从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己,和自己比较。
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5.How does a comparison trap affect us
A.It makes us focus on our own behaviour.
B.It stops us from learning from each other.
C.It prevents us from living happily together.
D.It bases our feelings on others’ achievements.
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细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Although comparing can be good for you,it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.”可知,比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建立在别人的成就上。
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6.What’s true about “Comparing up” and “Comparing down”
A.Both of them usually enhance our confidence.
B.Both of them have advantages and disadvantages.
C.The former is positive while the latter is negative.
D.The former makes us feel good while the latter makes us feel bad.
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推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“‘Comparing up’ means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However,...well,says Goddard-Hill,but it can also stop you wanting to improve.”可知,攀比和比差都既有优点又有缺点。
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7.What does Goddard-Hill suggest
A.Aiming to be our best.
B.Trying to be the best.
C.Trying to be a cheerleader.
D.Valuing someone else’s achievements.
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推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Finally,focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.‘The best person you can compete with is yourself,’ says Goddard-Hill.”可知,Becky Goddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争,力争做最好的自己就好。
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8.In which section of the magazine can you find the passage
A.Achievement. B.Entertainment.
C.Health. D.Politics.
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推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.”可知,文章主要讲述的是比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱,从而产生心理问题,所以这篇文章选自健康专栏。
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Ⅱ.七选五
How to set up a Library of Things
Instead of cluttering(乱堆放) our homes,garages and the planet,setting up a Library of Things allows neighbours to borrow and share huge,pricey goods.　1　 But instead of borrowing books,local people are borrowing drills,pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee.Here’s how to start your own:
Talk to your neighbours
　2　 Do they feel their home is too cluttered Do they want to do their bit for the environment and spend less money Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a “wish list” of items they could borrow.
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Find a space
Start small in someone’s garage or local market to see what items are most popular.Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall such as libraries or community hubs.　3　
Why start a Library of Things
We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves. We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive!　4　 Inspired by tool libraries in the US and lending libraries in Berlin,we started a small Library of Things locally and seven years later we’re running five Library of Things locations across London.
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What other impact on the local area
We’ve run very successful events led by borrowers such as mending meetups,sewing classes,DIY classes.　5　 Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses at the market by using our items.And for every ￡10 someone spends on borrowing,￡8 stays locally,creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces.
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A.Find out if local people need a sharing library.
B.The Library of Things has a multiplier effect locally.
C.You’ll need some money to set up your sharing library.
D.But in rural areas,a mobile sharing library could work.
E.We were also getting annoyed about waste we were creating.
F.Speak to others who have done it and are willing to share their knowledge.
G.Affordable,convenient and environmental-friendly,sharing libraries are popping up.
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开设一家共享物品馆的步骤和它对社会经济产生的积极作用。
1.G　上文“Instead of cluttering our homes,garages and the planet,setting up a Library of Things allows neighbours to borrow and share huge,pricey goods.”提到要建立物品馆,可知,空处承接上文,指出物品馆出现了,与G项“价格合理、方便且环保的共享物品馆正在涌现”符合,同时和下文“But instead of borrowing books,local people are borrowing drills,pasta makers and guitars for an affordable fee.”构成转折关系,说明虽然共享物品馆涌现,但是人们没有去借书而是租借了其他物品。
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2.A　根据下文“Link into local networks and ask people to vote on a ‘wish list’ of items they could borrow.”可知,通过链接可以让人们对于可以借的物品进行投票是对A项“了解当地人是否需要共享物品馆”内容的承接,指出了解当地人是否对共享物品馆有需求这一问题的具体做法就是通过在网上让人们投票。
3.D　根据上文“Then find space in buildings in urban areas with high footfall such as libraries or community hubs.”可知,上文介绍了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空间建立共享物品馆,与D项“但在农村地区,移动共享物品馆可以发挥作用”构成转折关系,表明在乡村地区共享物品馆的形式和城市中的情况有所不同。
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4.E　根据上文“We were living in a small house and needed some tools to put up shelves.We didn’t want to own the tools and hiring them was expensive!”可知,我们不想为搭架子的工具花钱,和E项“我们也对自己制造的浪费感到恼火”都是对小标题“为什么建立物品馆”的原因举例说明。
5.B　上文“We’ve run very successful events”及下文“Borrowers have previously tested out new food businesses...creating local jobs and supporting the local community spaces.”是对B项“物品馆在当地具有乘数效应”中的 multiplier effect这一概念进行了解释说明,乘数效应是指在公共工程项目之后带来的消费水平和私人投资水平的上升,因为物品馆举办的活动使人们的就业机会增加并支持了当地的社区空间。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
Dough(面团) sculpture,also known as dough flowers,1.　　　　　(date) back to the Han Dynasty (202 BCE—220 CE).Across north China 2.________
the folk art is widely spread,people take dough works as religious offerings and wedding gifts.
“The dough is made of starch(淀粉),glutinous rice flour and honey,” said Liu Zenghui,a dough sculpture inheritor in Binzhou,Shandong Province.Liu started to learn dough sculpture at an early age.His works centre on
3.　　　　　　(hero) of ancient Chinese myths and classics.Each figure,
4.　　　　　　 their shape,hair to the muscles and looks,is so vivid and eye-catching.
dates
where
heroes
from
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Watching Liu work is 5.　　　　　　 visual delight.After he first shapes the colorful dough into a simple outline,it 6.　　　　　　(attach) to a small stick.With a knife,thread,and toothpicks,he then refines it and eventually creates a lifelike and visually 7.　　　　　　(strike) dough sculpture.“You can’t be too careful to control the knife,because once there is a wrong cut,you need to start all over again.Concentration is fundamental,” Liu said in his quiet workshop,which ensures minimal noise and 8. 　　 　　(disturb).
Also,Liu is glad to be invited 9.　　　　　　(give) lectures at schools. “Making the traditional art 10.　　　　　　(access) to children is not only fun but a way to keep it alive,” he said.
a
is attached
striking
disturbance
to give
accessible
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统民间工艺品——面塑,并介绍了其传承人刘增辉及其制作面塑的过程等。
1.dates　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句谓语动词date back to无被动形式,根据上下文可知,时态为一般现在时;主语Dough sculpture为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
2.where　考查定语从句。先行词为north China,关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。
3.heroes　考查名词的数。句意:他的作品以中国古代神话和经典中的英雄人物为中心。根据后置定语“of ancient Chinese myths and classics”可知,设空处的英雄人物不止一个,用名词的复数形式。故填heroes。
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4.from　考查固定搭配。句意:每个人物,从他们的轮廓、头发到肌肉和长相,都是如此生动和引人注目。from...to...“从……到……”。故填from。
5.a　考查冠词。这里为抽象名词具体化,a visual delight意为“一种视觉享受”,visual的发音以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
6.is attached　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:他先把彩色的面团做成一个简单的轮廓,然后把它绑在一根小棍子上。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为it,和动词attach之间为被动关系。故填is attached。
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7.striking　考查词性转换。句意:然后,他用刀、线和牙签对面团进行改进,最终创造出一个栩栩如生、视觉上引人注目的面塑。分析句子成分可知,设空处作定语,修饰其后的名词“dough sculpture”用形容词striking,故填striking。
8.disturbance　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知,设空前的and表明此处为名词,和上文的noise保持一致,故填disturbance。
9.to give　考查非谓语动词。be invited to do sth“被邀请做某事”,故填to give。
10.accessible　考查词性转换。句意:他说:“让孩子们接触到传统艺术不仅意味着乐趣,也是一种让它保持活力的方式。”设空处作宾语补足语,用形容词,故填accessible。
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Ⅳ.应用文写作
假如你是李华,在某社交平台上看到一位外国小朋友Nick的求助帖。帖中说他家附近有一块三角形空地,想知道如何计算它的面积。现请你给他回帖。内容包括:
1.表示乐意帮助;
2.提供具体方法;
3.希望保持联系。
注意:
1.词数80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。
参考词汇:三角形 triangle　垂直线 vertical line　顶点 vertex　乘 multiply　除 divide
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Dear Nick,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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Dear Nick,
Learning from your post that you are curious to know how to calculate the area of the triangle space,I’m more than glad to offer you some help.
Firstly,what you need to do is find three sides of the triangle space,among which you measure the longest one.Apart from it,you can find a common point of the other two sides.Then,it is a vital step to draw a line vertically to the longest side and measure it.At last,multiply the numbers and you will get a result,half of which is the area of the triangle space.
For your better understanding,I have attached a picture of the procedures. Feel free to contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua (共34张PPT)
Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Back in 2020:One day,I was scheduling appointments in the office;the next,I broke my leg and had to stay in bed.Over time,I grew sick of video conferencing and TV marathons,and started searching for something new to fill the long and restless days.
A headline on a website caught my eye:“This Weaving Loom(织布机) Saved Me When All My Previous Hobbies Disappeared”.This was the universe speaking to me.I immediately bought all the things recommended—a small loom,a few colors of threads(线) and a weaving book.
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My first weaving looked...not great.I skipped the book and free-styled a pink-and-white cloth to hang on my apartment door.It started off OK;I strung the loom successfully and figured out how to slide the threaded needle over and under the backbone of the cloth.
Then,mistake after mistake,I pulled the thread way too tight,making the sides curve in.There were lots of gaps,where I could see the white threads underneath the colored ones.I couldn’t make the long fringe(穗) at the bottom. In a fit of frustration,I left it a mess.
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Humbled by my pride,I opened the weaving book.I learned how to get my edges straight and my ends neat.I figured out how to sew backs onto cloths, stuff them with cotton and make colorful pillows to display on my sofa.Soon I started making some for my families and friends.I even saved up money to buy a 4-by-4-foot loom,where I worked on bigger objects.
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I was officially taken with it.Actually,I’ve never been good at anything that requires hand-eye-brain cooperation.But weaving,somehow,feels different. It requires the same steps repeated over again and encourages you to lose yourself in the process.Every time I pick up my loom,my brain quiets down;as my needle slips between threads,I ground myself.I’ve never loved a hobby like this.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者生病之后,无意中接触到了纺织并爱上了它,因为它能让作者静下心来。
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1.Why did the author buy a loom
A.To pass the time.
B.To try out an idea.
C.To escape from work.
D.To replace marathons.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Over time,I grew sick of video conferencing and TV marathons,and started searching for something new to fill the long and restless days.”及第二段中的“A headline on a website caught my eye:‘This Weaving Loom Saved Me When All My Previous Hobbies Disappeared.’”可知,作者买织布机是为了试验一个想法。
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2.What did the author think of her first weaving
A.Boring.　　　 B.Pleasing.
C.Disappointing. D.Encouraging.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My first weaving looked...not great.”可知,作者对自己的第一次纺织感到不满意。
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3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A.The value of the weaving book.
B.The advice for weaving beginners.
C.The attitude towards previous mistakes.
D.The process of growing love for weaving.
√
段落大意题。根据第五段中的“I learned how to get my edges straight and my ends neat.”以及“Soon I started making some for my families and friends.I even saved up money to buy a 4-by-4-foot loom,where I worked on bigger objects.”可知,第五段主要讲的是作者逐渐爱上纺织的过程。
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4.What does the author seem to love about weaving
A.It is a means to make a living.
B.It is a craft with calming quality.
C.It is a way to keep traditions alive.
D.It is a practice for human connection.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Every time I pick up my loom,my brain quiets down”可知,作者爱上纺织是因为这是一种能让人安静下来的手艺。
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B
Have you ever wished you could be better organized or more sociable Or more inventive and original Perhaps you’re a constant worrier,and you’d prefer to be a little more carefree If any of these thoughts ring true,you are not alone.Many surveys show that at least two-thirds of people would like to change their personality.In the past,such desires appeared to be impossible.Our personalities were thought to be formed in childhood and to remain fixed throughout lives.Recent research,however,suggests that with the right psychological strategies and enough effort,people can successfully mould (塑造) their core traits into the shape they desire.That is what psychology professor Nathan Hudson and his colleagues have shown with studies.
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The research has centered on five traits (特点) that are thought to contain our most fundamental characteristics.Known as the “big five”,they are: extraversion—how outgoing and sociable you are;conscientiousness—how organized and disciplined you are;agreeableness—how concerned you are with social harmony;neuroticism—how nervous and sensitive you are;and openness to experience—how imaginative and curious you are.People’s scores for the big five can predict important outcomes.People who score highly on conscientiousness,for example,get better grades at school and earn more.Those who score highly on neuroticism,meanwhile,are more sensitive to stress.
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In the study,someone who wished to be more conscientious might be asked to carefully read an email before sending it,or to write a to-do list before going to bed.A neurotic person might be given exercises to improve emotional regulation,such as writing down feelings when they are hard to control.The aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviours they make to become habitual. And the evidence so far suggests it works well.Similar results could be seen in a later experiment,which used a smartphone app to coach participants in their desired big five traits.
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As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we become what we repeatedly do.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明,通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力,人们可以成功地将他们的核心特征塑造成他们想要的形状,从而达到改变性格的目的。
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5.What can we learn from the text
A.Personality remains fixed in life.
B.Personality change is possible.
C.Personality keeps changing with age.
D.Personality varies from person to person.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recent research,however,suggests that with the right psychological strategies and enough effort,people can successfully mould their core traits into the shape they desire.”可知,从文中我们可以了解到性格改变是可能的。
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6.What is the second paragraph mainly about
A.The aim of the research.
B.The method of the research.
C.The focus of the research.
D.The importance of the research.
√
段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The research has centered on five traits that are thought to contain our most fundamental characteristics.”可知,第二段主要讲述研究的重点。
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7.What’s the author’s attitude towards the research
A.Favourable. B.Doubtful.
C.Disapproving. D.Indifferent.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we become what we repeatedly do.”可推知,作者对研究的态度是赞成的。
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8.Which of the following sayings can we learn from the study
A.Character determines destiny.
B.Custom makes all things easy.
C.Habit determines character.
D.A fox may grow gray,but never good.
√
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In the study,someone who wished to be more conscientious might be asked to carefully read an email before sending it,or to write a to-do list before going to bed.”和最后一段“As Aristotle argued more than 2,300 years ago,we become what we repeatedly do.”可知,我们可以从研究中学到习惯决定性格的道理。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
Gail Rodgers is proving that you don’t have to be young to make a positive impact on your community.Across the United States,pools have been cutting back 　1　 or closing entirely due to a shortage of lifeguards.When that almost happened at Montgomery Towne Condominiums,66-year-old Gail
　2　 up.
Gail served as a lifeguard.But that was 50 years ago,and Gail quickly　3　 how much things have changed since then.
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“It’s hugely　4　 now,” Gail said.“The lifeguard back then would sit in the chair and might blow the whistle 　5　 to tell you to stop running or so. They had no flotation(浮标) device—all they 　6　 was a whistle.So they were really more police than anything else.”
The 　7　 exam needed to become a certified lifeguard is no 　8　.It includes a 300-yard swim and 　9　 a brick at the bottom of a pool.Still,even knowing these 　10　 didn’t stop Gail.
“I went and got the precertification,and then I went through the full training,” she 　11　.
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Gail officially started 　12　 as a part-time lifeguard on May 27.She’ll likely 　13　 more shifts when summer comes,but for now,she’s able to have quite a 　14　 schedule.
Now,Gail hopes her　15　 will give others the courage they need to give lifeguarding a chance.
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1.A.expenses　 B.restrictions
C.hours　 D.taxes
2.A.pulled B.caught
C.held D.stepped
3.A.learned B.questioned
C.recorded D.shared
4.A.helpful B.successful
C.different D.important
5.A.stressfully B.awkwardly
C.secretly D.occasionally
6.A.owned B.obtained
C.noticed D.removed
7.A.physical B.visual
C.medical D.psychological
8.A.limit B.point
C.joke D.problem
9.A.keeping B.grabbing
C.breaking D.carving
10.A.schedules B.measures
C.results D.requirements
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11.A.argued B.explained
C.predicted D.shouted
12.A.experiment B.training
C.duty D.exploration
13.A.hand over B.put off
C.rule out D.take on
14.A.flexible B.tight
C.new D.special
15.A.progress B.experience
C.course D.advice
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【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述66岁的盖尔(Gail)在看到游泳馆因为缺少救生员而要缩短开放时间或关闭时挺身而出,重新开始做救生员的工作。
1.C　根据下文“due to a shortage of lifeguards”可知,因为缺少救生员,所以游泳池不得不缩短开放时间或者关闭。故选C项。
2.D　根据下文“Gail officially started 　　　as a part-time lifeguard on May 27.”和“Now,Gail hopes her 　　　will give others the courage they need to give lifeguarding a chance.”可知,在社区发生缺少救生员的情况时,66岁的盖尔挺身而出,又开始做救生员了。故选D项。
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3.A　根据下文“‘It’s hugely 　　　now,’ Gail said.‘The lifeguard back then would sit in the chair and might blow the whistle 　　　to tell you to stop running or so.They had no flotation device—all they 　　　was a whistle.So they were really more police than anything else.’”可知,盖尔了解到,现在做救生员和过去相比发生了很大的变化。故选A项。
4.C　根据下文“‘The lifeguard back then would sit in the chair and might blow the whistle 　　　to tell you to stop running or so.They had no flotation device—all they 　　　was a whistle.So they were really more police than anything else.’”可知,现在和以前做救生员的情况不一样了。故选C项。
5.D　根据下文“So they were really more police than anything else.”可知,警察就是会时不时地吹哨子来提醒人们不要乱跑。故选D项。
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6.A　根据下文“was a whistle”可知,哨子是救生员所拥有的东西。故选A项。
7.A　根据下文“It includes a 300-yard swim and 　　　a brick at the bottom of a pool.”可知,这是做一名救生员需要进行的身体素质的检查。故选A项。
8.C　根据下文“It includes a 300-yard swim and 　　　a brick at the bottom of a pool.Still,even knowing these 　　　didn’t stop Gail.”可知,做一名救生员需要进行的体格检查不是开玩笑的,是需要真本事的。故选C项。
9.B　根据下文“a brick at the bottom of a pool”可知,因为盖尔要做救生员,就应该会碰到从水里把溺水者捞起来的情况,所以考试内容是从水底捞起一块砖。故选B项。
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10.D　根据上文“It includes a 300-yard swim and 　　　a brick at the bottom of a pool.”可知,这些内容都是介绍做救生员需要进行的测试和要求。故选D项。
11.B　根据上文“I went and got the precertification,and then I went through the full training”可知,这里是解释盖尔重新成为救生员所付出的努力和得到的成果。故选B项。
12.C　根据下文“as a part-time lifeguard”可知,盖尔正式履行自己作为兼职救生员的职责。故选C项。
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13.D　根据下文“more shifts when summer comes”可知,当夏天到来时,盖尔应该是很可能会承担起更多的责任,接受更多的轮班。故选D项。
14.A　根据上文“but”可知,上下文是转折关系,上面提到盖尔夏天会很忙,所以现在的时间表应该是比较灵活的,不太忙。故选A项。
15.B　根据下文“will give others the courage they need to give lifeguarding a chance”可知,作为一名66岁的老人,盖尔希望自己所做的事情可以给他人勇气。故选B项。
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Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a dream born in fire.Andrea Peterson was 5 when she was trapped on the ledge(窗台) of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen below,whose eyes are firm and courageous,along with professional rescue techniques.Seeing this, little Andrea jumped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ambition:She wanted to fight fires as her rescuers did.
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She told that to the men who had saved her,and they laughed naturally the way grown-ups do when a kid says he wants to be an astronaut or a sports star.But this was back in a time when little girls weren’t even allowed to fantasize(幻想) about such grand goals.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her.“You’ll be a good teacher,maybe you’ll be a nurse,but you can never be a fireman.”
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Indeed,life sidelined her ambitious dream.She was studying for a degree in aviation technology(航空科技) and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.Unfortunately,Dennis was diagnosed with cancer.Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved,and in 2007,when Dennis was about to leave,he was at peace but worried about her.“But what are you going to do ” “I’ll be fine,” she told him.
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At 61,she attended a course for emergencies.She went on an ambulance ride-along from time to time.It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, which reminded her of the childhood experience back in the fire.Every time she saw people who were in need were successfully rescued,Peterson felt that long-ago childhood calling.She earned her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance.She found that her years of tending to Dennis had prepared her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills.The inside calling echoed increasingly stronger.
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注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
After a year,she signed up for a training unit for firefighters.___________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally came the written and physical fitness test day.________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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After a year,she signed up for a training unit for firefighters.No sooner had she stepped into the training venue than she found all her classmates were 18-22 young kids.“Could I really make it ” Peterson thought to herself, struggling.At the very moment,she once again thought of the firm and courageous eyes of the firefighters who came to rescue her over 50 years ago. She instantly rolled up her sleeves and began to learn both theoretical and practical knowledge as her much younger peers.
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Finally came the written and physical fitness test day.For Peterson,she was at an advantageous situation for the theoretical part,as her past rescue experiences on ambulance ride-along made her a qualified rescuer already. However,the 3-km running,push-ups,sit-ups,etc.all behaved as huge gaps awaiting her to conquer.Though she ranked the last among such items,her persistence,endurance as well as the passion for a childhood dream made her name appear on the list of newly-announced firefighters.This time,tears blurred her eyes,as the dream born in the fire was eventually fulfilled.

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