资源简介

(共77张PPT)
Unit 3　Sea Exploration
选择性必修第四册
内容索引
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基础知识达标
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第一部分
基础知识排查
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
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2
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merchant n.商人；批发商
adj.海上货运的
fleet n.舰队；机群；车队
behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见
spice n.(调味)香料
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maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
tournament n.锦标赛；联赛
laptop n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
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submersible n.潜水器；可潜船
underwater adv.在水下
adj.水下的
capsule n.胶囊；太空舱
coral n.珊瑚
migration n.迁移；迁徙；移居
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directory n.名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
gallon n.加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录
n.正式记录；日志；原木
marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
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Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
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4
tale n.故事；叙述
negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)
vi.谈判；磋商；协商
league n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛
royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
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2
6
channel n.航道；海峡；频道
bond n.纽带；关系
vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
tax vt.对……征税；使纳税
n.税；税款
meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
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arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止
vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的
→extension n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
politics n.政治；政治观点
→political adj.政治的；政治上的
→politician n.政治家；政客
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
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2
profession n.职业；行业
→professional adj.专业的；职业的
→professor n.教授；(大学的)讲师，教员
mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物
→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合
→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
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4
coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌
vt.称赞；赞赏
→applause n.鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
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murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏
n.谋杀；凶杀
→murderer n.谋杀犯
mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的
→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
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possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制
→possess vt.控制；具有；拥有
opponent n.反对者；对手；竞争者
→oppose vt.反对；抵制
→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
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[拔高词汇] 背选修词汇
tiptoe /'t pt / n.脚尖
vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
disorder /d s' d (r)/ n.紊乱；混乱；骚乱
excessive / k'ses v/ adj.过度的；过多的
all-round / l'ra nd/ adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
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obstacle /' bst kl/ n.障碍；障碍物
accumulation / kju mj 'le n/ n.积累；聚积物
devil /'devl/ n.魔鬼；恶魔
compliment /'k mpl m nt/ n.称赞；问候；致意
vt.赞美；钦佩
bolster /'b lst (r)/ vt.改善；加强
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Ⅳ.背核心短语
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2
set sail 起航；开航
in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
withdraw from 退出；撤回
in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；
在控制中
search for 寻找
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under the command of 在……的指挥下
in return for 作为对……的回报
for the benefit of 为了……的好处/利益
take action 采取行动
as well as 也；又；还
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Ⅴ.悟经典句式
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The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(The aim is to do...)
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
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China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
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...there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.(there is an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事)
……为了了解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。
To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.(不定式作目的状语)
为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。
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We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.(so that引导目的状语从句)
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.merchant n.______________
adj.___________
2.capsule n._______________
3.migration n.___________________
4.exploit vt.___________________
5.log vt.__________________________
n.______________________
词汇默写
商人；批发商
海上货运的
胶囊；太空舱
迁移；迁徙；移居
开发；利用；剥削
把……载入正式记录；记录
正式记录；日志；原木
6.tournament n._______________
7.laptop n.________________________
8.manned adj.________________________
9.coral n._______
10.underwater adv._______
adj._______
锦标赛；联赛
笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
有人控制的；需人操纵的
珊瑚
在水下
水下的
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.故事；叙述
2. vt.商定；达成(协议)
vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3. n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4. adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5. vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
tale
negotiate
league
royal
withdraw
6. n.航道；海峡；频道
7. n.纽带；关系
vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8. vt.对……征税；使纳税
n.税；税款
9. adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10. n.逮捕；拘留；中止
vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
channel
bond
tax
meanwhile
arrest
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
→ adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的
→ n.扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
2. n.职业；行业
→ adj.专业的；职业的
→ n.教授；(大学的)讲师，教员
extend
extensive
extension
profession
professional
professor
3. n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
→ vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
4. n.政治；政治观点
→ adj.政治的；政治上的
→ n.政治家；政客
coverage
cover
politics
political
politician
5. n.反对者；对手；竞争者
→ vt.反对；抵制
→ adj.反对的；截然不同的
opponent
oppose
opposed
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.tiptoe n._______
vi.________________________
2.all-round adj.___________________________
3.compliment n._________________
vt.____________
4._____________ 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
5. n.障碍；障碍物
脚尖
踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
称赞；问候；致意
赞美；钦佩
for sth’s sake
obstacle
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 起航；开航
2. 也；又；还
3. 为了……的好处/利益
4. 作为对……的回报
5. 在……的指挥下
set sail
as well as
for the benefit of
in return for
under the command of
Ⅰ.词形变化填空
1.The had a novelist before he fled his country.(murder)
2.The brilliant professor is a doctor by ，so he has much
knowledge in medicine.(profession)
3.He is in of three villas and he also three firms.(possession)
语境运用
murderer
murdered
profession
professional
possession
possesses
4.Facing such an event，I have emotions.I feel a strange________
of excitement and fear.(mix)
5.The king showed to the poor，who in turn applauded the king.(mercy)
6.When he entered the hall，he was greeted by thunderous .All the fans excitedly.(applaud)
mixed
mixture
merciful
mercy
applause
applauded
7.The two were to each other’s opinions.(oppose)
8.As a journalist，it’s your duty to the fact and you are responsible for your .(cover)
opponents
opposed
cover
coverage
Ⅱ.选词填空
1. the swimming competition because of a serious injury made him frustrated.
2.He surfed the Internet with the aim of the relevant information.
3.Because of our limited time，I strongly suggest right now to deal with this urgent matter.
in a league of one’s own，withdraw from，in hand，search for，take action
Withdrawing from
searching for
taking action
4.The Olympic organizers say confidently that matters are well ________
and there is nothing to worry about.
5.With many good qualities，our monitor is in every aspect.
in hand
in a league of his own
in a league of one’s own，withdraw from，in hand，search for，take action
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写
1.这次活动的目的是增强我们保护文化遗产的意识。(The aim is to do...)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.他昨晚熬夜，这是导致他第二天在课堂上睡觉的原因。(which引导非限制性定语从句)
He stayed up late last night，_____________________________________
__________ the next day.
The aim of the activity is to raise our awareness of protecting the cultural heritage.
which accounted for his sleeping in
the class
3.我给你写信是为了和你分享我对如何与父母友好相处的观点。(不定式作目的状语)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.急需做出一些改变以适应当前的情况。(There is an urgent need to do...)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am writing to you to share with you my opinions on how to get along well with parents.
There is an urgent need to make some changes to adapt to the current situations.
5.我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明以便他们能更好地理解它。(so that引导目的状语从句)
I explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail___________
________________________.
so that they
could better understand it
The Ming Dynasty desired to strengthen the 1. (bond) with some western countries and between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets 2._________ the command of Zheng He set sail from the South China Sea.They sailed across the Indian Ocean to the east coast of Africa，along the marine channels which 3. (extend) by the former merchants and explorers.They took gold，silk and spices to the African royal families 4. negotiated trade deals with them.Meanwhile，
bonds
under
had been extended
and
with 5. (advance) weapons in hand，they had mercy on rather than exploited，murdered or arrested the people in other countries,6.___
in turn applauded them.They also 7. (log) many tales that had happened along the way.Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of 8. (they) own at that time.Today，to reach out across the sea remains a strong desire.
advanced
who
logged
their
And the ancient routes 9. (travel) by Zheng He are being revisited with the aim 10. (encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas.
travelled
to encourage
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第二部分
核心考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开 vi.& vt.持续，延续(extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的 extension n.延伸；扩大；延期)
extend
extend...to...向……提供/给予……
extend to延长到
extend by延长了
1
(1)If you are in need of a deadline (extend)，simply explain the situation to your professor.
(2)The plan will extend protection a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected. (2022·新课标Ⅰ)
extension
to
(3)这些课程每周一节，每节课两小时，持续22周以上。与去年的这门课程相比，持续时间延长了两周。(话题写作之学校生活)
These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class，_________________
pared with last year’s course，the duration .
(4)我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
，who have done so much for us over the years.
extending over a
period of twenty-two weeks
extends by two weeks
I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all my teachers
n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的)
mercy
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·show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕
have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕
at the mercy of...任由……摆布
·be merciful to...对……仁慈
(1)The leader is such a man and always has mercy __________
those poor people but sometimes he can be to bad persons.(用合适的介词或mercy的适当形式填空)
(2)在失去引擎动力之后，这艘船只好任凭风暴摆布。
Having lost engine power， .
merciful
on/upon
merciless
the ship had to be at the mercy of the storm
·take possession of (表动作)占有；拥有
in possession of (表状态)具有；拥有
in the possession of被……拥有；归……所有
·be possessed of sth具有(某种品质或特征)
n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配)
possession
3
(1)这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这款最新款的笔记本电脑。
The latest laptop is Tom，which means that Tom is the latest laptop.
(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。
Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but ________________
_________________________________________.
(3)请记住，只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。
Keep in mind that_______________________________________________
__________________________.
in the possession of
in possession of
enjoying what we
possess/take possession of/are in possession of
only if you possess/are possessed of a good state of
mind will you attain success
at hand近在手边；在附近
by hand手工，用手的
hand in hand手挽手；密切关联
on the one hand...on the other (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)
give sb a hand 帮助……；施以援手
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在手头；可供使用
in hand
用hand的相关短语填空
(1)As an old saying goes，“Success and failure always go .”
(2)Having enough data ，we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled.
(3)Meanwhile，you’d better keep a dictionary close so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.
(4)Even for personal letters，the merchant would rather use a computer than write .
in hand
hand in hand
at hand
by hand
(5)On the one hand，computers extend our vision；__________________，
they also bring about some harmful problems.
(6)Whenever I am in trouble，it is you who without hesitation.
give me a hand
on the other (hand)
·本句中so that引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中往往含
有情态动词，如can，could，may，might等。
·so that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
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We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
so that引导目的状语从句
(1)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。
Next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule________
____________________________________.
(2)公共汽车坏了，我们不得不步行回家，这让我们怒火中烧。
，which made us boil with anger.
can make some necessary arrangements
返 回
so that I
The bus broke down so that we had to walk home
基础知识达标
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
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第三部分
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.withdraw
(1)I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account.
(2)I heard you are going to withdraw from the speech class.
(2021·浙江1月)
(3)Sensing his mistake，the minister withdrew his statement later.
A.退出　B.收回(发言、意见等)　C.提取(存款等)
____
____
____
C
A
B
2.bond
(1)The new type of glue bonds a variety of surfaces in seconds.
(2)The following day，the taxi driver was released on $5,000 bond.
(3)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
(4)Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion...(2021·天津)
A.n.纽带；关系　B.n.保释金　C.vt.使牢固结合　D.v.增强信任关系
____
____
____
____
C
B
D
A
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思
(1)All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.
(2)The charming man arrested my attention.
______
______
赞成
吸引
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Many people had their (possess) buried under the ruins，thus becoming homeless.
2.The prime minister of the country was once a (profession) athlete as well as a licensed lawyer.
3.He doesn’t have the freedom to choose what he likes，so I have mercy
him.
4.I negotiated other sponsors of the exhibition about how to organize it perfectly.
possessions
on/upon
professional
with
5.For some reason，I withdrew a handful of grand clubs and I will never join them again.
6.The (cover) proved to be out of line with the truth was deleted.
7.It’s said that an open-air barbecue will be scheduled，whose aim is ____________(strengthen) the bond of the employees.
8.Do keep in mind that my assistance will be hand whenever you need it.
from
coverage
to strengthen
at
9.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its (mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
10.All the merchants stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of (applaud) at the end.
mixture
applause
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第四部分
写作能力提升
(2022·全国甲改编),你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.海洋的重要性；
2.保护海洋的倡议。
急救讲座
完成句子
1.6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人们对海洋保护的认识。(the aim is to do...；whose引导定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________
2.海洋起着至关重要的作用，它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且维持了自然的平衡。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________
完成句子
3.随着世界海洋日的临近，迫切需要采取措施保护海洋。(with的复合结构；There is an urgent need to do...)
_______________________________________________________________
4.为了做出我们的贡献，我们学生可以发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。(不定式作目的状语)
_______________________________________________________________
5.现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了，这样我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界，在未来过上更好的生活。(so that引导目的状语从句)
_______________________________________________________________
完成句子
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
组句成篇
When it comes to the ocean，its pollution is becoming more and more serious.World Oceans Day falls on June 8th，whose aim is to raise people’s awareness of ocean conservation.
The ocean，which plays a vital role，not only offers us sufficient food，but also maintains the balance of nature.With the World Oceans Day approaching，there is an urgent need to take measures to protect the ocean.To make our contributions，we students can hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.Besides，we should stop throwing garbage into the ocean.
参考范文
All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean，so that we can build a more harmonious world and live a better life in the future.
参考范文
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　mercy n.→merciful adj.；opponent n.→opposed adj.；mixture n.→mixed adj.
[动作描写]　set sail；negotiate；withdraw from；applaud；exploit；arrest
教材语料整合
美句 1.Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.(主旨升华)
2.In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.(动作描写)
3.Opponents may be concerned，but sea exploration is important for our future.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累
修辞妙用之拟人
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。拟人手法的使用会使文章更加形象生动、富有情趣。
句型 1.The mist swallowed them up and the icy wind started howling，stinging their faces violently.薄雾吞没了他们，冰冷的风呼啸着，猛烈地刺痛了他们的脸。
2.Seeing such extraordinary beauty，I think every cell in my body woke up.看到这绝美景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。
3.The first rays of morning tiptoed through the grass.第一缕晨光蹑手蹑脚地穿过草地。
拓展语料积累
句型 4.Immediately an absolute darkness ruled the forest and an extreme sense of fear seized me.刹那间，漆黑统治了整个森林，一种极度的恐惧感笼罩着我。
5.One evening saw/witnessed a bus driver weaving through traffic.一天晚上，一位公共汽车司机穿梭在车流中。
6.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture.羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。
7.The bees played hide-and-seek with the flowers as they buzzed from one flower to another.蜜蜂嗡嗡地从一朵花到另一朵花上，与花朵进行捉迷藏。
海上遇险
Although Sam had been warned that ① ，there was little that would keep him from going.②________________________
____________________________________(with的复合结构)，Sam set sail on a freezing night.The storm was gaining strength on land，but had not yet reached a place far from the coast.③________________________，
which began to turn sideways like an amusement park ride.They were completely ④ .The dim lamps hanging on the boat slipped into the angry sea，throwing them in complete darkness.
语料运用
a storm was coming
With the icy wind howling
and the thick fog swallowing everything
Waves rocked the small boat
at the mercy of the storm
⑤ (倒装句).Then the dark sea along with a few twinkling stars ⑥________________________________
_________________________.Fortunately，⑦_____________________
_____________ and .
语料运用
Only then did the fear begin to seize Sam
witnessed a death-and-life struggle
between humans and nature
the stormy sea finally
calmed down
the first rays of morning tiptoed on the horizon
尽管山姆被警告暴风雨即将来临，但几乎没有什么能阻止他去。伴随着呼啸的寒风和吞噬一切的浓雾，山姆在一个寒冷的夜晚启航了。风暴在陆地上越来越大，但还没有到达离岸很远的地方。波浪摇晃着小船，小船开始像游乐园里的游乐设施一样侧向转弯。他们完全任凭风暴摆布。船上挂着的昏暗的灯滑入愤怒的大海，把他们抛在一片无尽的黑暗中。直到这时，恐惧才开始笼罩山姆。然后，黑暗的大海以及闪烁着的几颗星辰，见证了人与自然之间的生死斗争。幸运的是，惊涛骇浪的大海终于平静下来，第一缕曙光蹑手蹑脚地出现在地平线上。
返 回Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2．fleet n．舰队；机群；车队
3．behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见
4．spice n．(调味)香料
5．maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
6．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛
7．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
8．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
9．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
10．submersible n．潜水器；可潜船
11．underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
12．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
13．coral n．珊瑚
14．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居
15．directory n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
16．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
17．gallon n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
18．log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
19．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．tale n．故事；叙述
2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5．withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
7．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n．税；税款
9．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n．扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
2．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政治上的→politician n．政治家；政客
3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；(大学的)讲师，教员
4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
5．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
6．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
7．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯
8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
9．possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；具有；拥有
10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
1．tiptoe /'tIpt / n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
2．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
3．disorder /dIs' d (r)/ n．紊乱；混乱；骚乱
4．excessive /Ik'sesIv/ adj.过度的；过多的
5．all-round / l'ra nd/ adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
6．obstacle /' bst kl/ n．障碍；障碍物
7．accumulation / kju mj 'leI n/ n．积累；聚积物
8．devil /'devl/ n．魔鬼；恶魔
9．compliment /'k mplIm nt/ n．称赞；问候；致意 vt.赞美；钦佩
10．bolster /'b lst (r)/ vt.改善；加强
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．set sail 起航；开航
2．in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
3．withdraw from 退出；撤回
4．in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；在控制中
5．search for寻找
6．under the command of在……的指挥下
7．in return for作为对……的回报
8．for the benefit of为了……的好处/利益
9．take action采取行动
10．as well as也；又；还
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(The aim is to do...)
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
2．China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
3．...there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.(there is an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事)
……为了了解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。
4．To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.(不定式作目的状语)
为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。
5．We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.(so that引导目的状语从句)
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
3．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居
4．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
5．log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
6．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛
7．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
8．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
9．coral n．珊瑚
10．underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．tale n．故事；叙述
2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5．withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
7．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n．税；税款
9．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n．扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
2．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；(大学的)讲师，教员
3．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
4．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政治上的→politician n．政治家；政客
5．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．tiptoe n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
2．all-round adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
3．compliment n．称赞；问候；致意 vt.赞美；钦佩
4．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
5．obstacle n．障碍；障碍物
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．set sail 起航；开航
2．as well as也；又；还
3．for the benefit of 为了……的好处/利益
4．in return for 作为对……的回报
5．under the command of 在……的指挥下
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．The murderer had murdered a novelist before he fled his country.(murder)
2．The brilliant professor is a doctor by profession，so he has much professional knowledge in medicine.(profession)
3．He is in possession of three villas and he also possesses three firms.(possession)
4．Facing such an event，I have mixed emotions.I feel a strange mixture of excitement and fear.(mix)
5．The merciful king showed mercy to the poor，who in turn applauded the king.(mercy)
6．When he entered the hall，he was greeted by thunderous applause.All the fans applauded excitedly.(applaud)
7．The two opponents were opposed to each other’s opinions.(oppose)
8．As a journalist，it’s your duty to cover the fact and you are responsible for your coverage.(cover)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Withdrawing from the swimming competition because of a serious injury made him frustrated.
2．He surfed the Internet with the aim of searching for the relevant information.
3．Because of our limited time，I strongly suggest taking action right now to deal with this urgent matter.
4．The Olympic organizers say confidently that matters are well in hand and there is nothing to worry about.
5．With many good qualities，our monitor is in a league of his own in every aspect.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．这次活动的目的是增强我们保护文化遗产的意识。(The aim is to do...)
The aim of the activity is to raise our awareness of protecting the cultural heritage.
2．他昨晚熬夜，这是导致他第二天在课堂上睡觉的原因。(which引导非限制性定语从句)
He stayed up late last night，which accounted for his sleeping in the class the next day.
3．我给你写信是为了和你分享我对如何与父母友好相处的观点。(不定式作目的状语)
I am writing to you to share with you my opinions on how to get along well with parents.
4．急需做出一些改变以适应当前的情况。(There is an urgent need to do...)
There is an urgent need to make some changes to adapt to the current situations.
5．我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明以便他们能更好地理解它。(so that引导目的状语从句)
I explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail so that they could better understand it.
The Ming Dynasty desired to strengthen the 1.bonds(bond) with some western countries and between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets 2.under the command of Zheng He set sail from the South China Sea.They sailed across the Indian Ocean to the east coast of Africa，along the marine channels which 3.had been extended(extend) by the former merchants and explorers.They took gold，silk and spices to the African royal families 4.and negotiated trade deals with them.Meanwhile，with 5.advanced(advance) weapons in hand，they had mercy on rather than exploited，murdered or arrested the people in other countries,6.who in turn applauded them.They also 7.logged(log) many tales that had happened along the way.Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of 8.their(they) own at that time.Today，to reach out across the sea remains a strong desire.And the ancient routes 9.travelled(travel) by Zheng He are being revisited with the aim 10.to encourage(encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开 vi.& vt.持续，延续(extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的 extension n．延伸；扩大；延期)
extend...to...向……提供/给予…… extend to延长到 extend by延长了
(1)If you are in need of a deadline extension(extend)，simply explain the situation to your professor.
(2)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)这些课程每周一节，每节课两小时，持续22周以上。与去年的这门课程相比，持续时间延长了两周。(话题写作之学校生活)
These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class，extending over a period of twenty-two pared with last year’s course，the duration extends by two weeks.
(4)我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all my teachers，who have done so much for us over the years.
mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的)
·show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕 at the mercy of...任由……摆布 ·be merciful to...对……仁慈
(1)The leader is such a merciful man and always has mercy on/upon those poor people but sometimes he can be merciless to bad persons.(用合适的介词或mercy的适当形式填空)
(2)在失去引擎动力之后，这艘船只好任凭风暴摆布。
Having lost engine power，the ship had to be at the mercy of the storm.
possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配)
·take possession of (表动作)占有；拥有 in possession of (表状态)具有；拥有 in the possession of被……拥有；归……所有 ·be possessed of sth具有(某种品质或特征)
(1)这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这款最新款的笔记本电脑。
The latest laptop is in the possession of Tom，which means that Tom is in possession of the latest laptop.
(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。
Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we possess/take possession of/are in possession of.
(3)请记住，只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。
Keep in mind that only if you possess/are possessed of a good state of mind will you attain success.
in hand在手头；可供使用
at hand近在手边；在附近 by hand手工，用手的 hand in hand手挽手；密切关联 on the one hand...on the other (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面) give sb a hand 帮助……；施以援手
用hand的相关短语填空
(1)As an old saying goes，“Success and failure always go hand in hand.”
(2)Having enough data in hand，we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled.
(3)Meanwhile，you’d better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.
(4)Even for personal letters，the merchant would rather use a computer than write by hand.
(5)On the one hand，computers extend our vision；on the other (hand)，they also bring about some harmful problems.
(6)Whenever I am in trouble，it is you who give me a hand without hesitation.
so that引导目的状语从句 　We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
·本句中so that引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中往往含有情态动词，如can，could，may，might等。 ·so that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
(1)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。
Next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule so that I can make some necessary arrangements.
(2)公共汽车坏了，我们不得不步行回家，这让我们怒火中烧。
The bus broke down so that we had to walk home，which made us boil with anger.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．withdraw
(1)I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account. C
(2)I heard you are going to withdraw from the speech class.(2021·浙江1月) A
(3)Sensing his mistake，the minister withdrew his statement later. B
2．bond
(1)The new type of glue bonds a variety of surfaces in seconds. C
(2)The following day，the taxi driver was released on $5,000 bond. B
(3)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.(2020·全国Ⅱ) D
(4)Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion...(2021·天津) A
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.赞成
(2)The charming man arrested my attention.吸引
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Many people had their possessions(possess) buried under the ruins，thus becoming homeless.
2．The prime minister of the country was once a professional(profession) athlete as well as a licensed lawyer.
3．He doesn’t have the freedom to choose what he likes，so I have mercy on/upon him.
4．I negotiated with other sponsors of the exhibition about how to organize it perfectly.
5．For some reason，I withdrew from a handful of grand clubs and I will never join them again.
6．The coverage(cover) proved to be out of line with the truth was deleted.
7．It’s said that an open-air barbecue will be scheduled，whose aim is to strengthen(strengthen) the bond of the employees.
8．Do keep in mind that my assistance will be at hand whenever you need it.
9．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
10．All the merchants stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of applause(applaud) at the end.
2022·全国甲改编 ,你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.海洋的重要性； 2.保护海洋的倡议。
完成句子
1．6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人们对海洋保护的认识。(the aim is to do...；whose引导定语从句)
2．海洋起着至关重要的作用，它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且维持了自然的平衡。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
3．随着世界海洋日的临近，迫切需要采取措施保护海洋。(with的复合结构；There is an urgent need to do...)
4．为了做出我们的贡献，我们学生可以发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。(不定式作目的状语)
5．现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了，这样我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界，在未来过上更好的生活。(so that引导目的状语从句)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
When it comes to the ocean，its pollution is becoming more and more serious.World Oceans Day falls on June 8th，whose aim is to raise people’s awareness of ocean conservation.
The ocean，which plays a vital role，not only offers us sufficient food，but also maintains the balance of nature.With the World Oceans Day approaching，there is an urgent need to take measures to protect the ocean.To make our contributions，we students can hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.Besides，we should stop throwing garbage into the ocean.
All in all，it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean，so that we can build a more harmonious world and live a better life in the future.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　mercy n．→merciful adj.；opponent n．→opposed adj.；mixture n．→mixed adj.
[动作描写]　set sail；negotiate；withdraw from；applaud；exploit；arrest
美句 1.Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.(主旨升华) 2.In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.(动作描写) 3.Opponents may be concerned，but sea exploration is important for our future.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　修辞妙用之拟人
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。拟人手法的使用会使文章更加形象生动、富有情趣。
句型 1.The mist swallowed them up and the icy wind started howling，stinging their faces violently.薄雾吞没了他们，冰冷的风呼啸着，猛烈地刺痛了他们的脸。 2.Seeing such extraordinary beauty，I think every cell in my body woke up.看到这绝美景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。 3.The first rays of morning tiptoed through the grass.第一缕晨光蹑手蹑脚地穿过草地。 4.Immediately an absolute darkness ruled the forest and an extreme sense of fear seized me.刹那间，漆黑统治了整个森林，一种极度的恐惧感笼罩着我。 5.One evening saw/witnessed a bus driver weaving through traffic.一天晚上，一位公共汽车司机穿梭在车流中。 6.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture.羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。 7.The bees played hide-and-seek with the flowers as they buzzed from one flower to another.蜜蜂嗡嗡地从一朵花到另一朵花上，与花朵进行捉迷藏。
语料运用　海上遇险
Although Sam had been warned that ①a storm was coming，there was little that would keep him from going.②With the icy wind howling and the thick fog swallowing everything(with的复合结构)，Sam set sail on a freezing night.The storm was gaining strength on land，but had not yet reached a place far from the coast.③Waves rocked the small boat，which began to turn sideways like an amusement park ride.They were completely ④at the mercy of the storm.The dim lamps hanging on the boat slipped into the angry sea，throwing them in complete darkness.⑤Only then did the fear begin to seize Sam(倒装句)．Then the dark sea along with a few twinkling stars ⑥witnessed a death-and-life struggle between humans and nature.Fortunately，⑦the stormy sea finally calmed down and the first rays of morning tiptoed on the horizon.
尽管山姆被警告暴风雨即将来临，但几乎没有什么能阻止他去。伴随着呼啸的寒风和吞噬一切的浓雾，山姆在一个寒冷的夜晚启航了。风暴在陆地上越来越大，但还没有到达离岸很远的地方。波浪摇晃着小船，小船开始像游乐园里的游乐设施一样侧向转弯。他们完全任凭风暴摆布。船上挂着的昏暗的灯滑入愤怒的大海，把他们抛在一片无尽的黑暗中。直到这时，恐惧才开始笼罩山姆。然后，黑暗的大海以及闪烁着的几颗星辰，见证了人与自然之间的生死斗争。幸运的是，惊涛骇浪的大海终于平静下来，第一缕曙光蹑手蹑脚地出现在地平线上。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
A robot created at Standford University is diving down to shipwrecks(沉船) in a way that humans can’t do.Known as OceanOneK，the robot allows its operators to feel like they’re underwater explorers，too.
OceanOneK resembles(像) a human diver from the front，with arms，hands and eyes that capture the underwater world in full color.The back of the robot has computers and eight multidirectional thrusters(推进器) that help it carefully explore the sites of fragile shipwrecks.When an operator at the ocean’s surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK，the robot’s touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water’s resistance.
The idea for OceanOneK came from a desire to study coral reefs in the Red Sea at depths beyond the normal range for divers.While OceanOneK was designed to reach maximum depths of 656 feet，researchers had a new goal：1 kilometer，hence the new name for OceanOneK.The researchers changed the robot’s body by using special foam to increase buoyancy(浮力) and fight the pressure of 1,000 meters more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level.OceanOneK also got two new types of hands and increased arm and head motion.
During OceanOneK’s deep dive in February，team members discovered the robot couldn’t rise when they stopped for a thruster check.Flotations on the communications and power line had collapsed，causing the line to pile on the top of the robot.
OceanOneK’s descent was a success.It dropped off a memorial marker on the seabed that reads，“A robot’s first touch of the deep seafloor—A vast new world for humans to explore.” Khatib，a professor，called the experience an “incredible journey”. “This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth，interacting with the environment，and permitting the human operator to feel that environment，” he said.
1．What can we learn about OceanOneK
A．Its eyes are colorful.
B．It functions automatically.
C．It looks like its operator from the front.
D．It is remotely controlled to explore underwater.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段末句“Known as OceanOneK，the robot allows its operators to feel like they’re underwater explorers，too.”，第二段首句“OceanOneK resembles(像) a human diver from the front，with arms，hands and eyes that capture the underwater world in full color.”及末句“When an operator at the ocean’s surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK，the robot’s touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water’s resistance.”可知，OceanOneK是被人远程控制的，可以在水下探险。故选D。
2．How does the author develop the third paragraph
A．By listing data.
B．By raising questions.
C．By reasoning and analyzing.
D．By presenting an argument.
答案　A
解析　写作手法题。根据第三段的“While OceanOneK was designed to reach maximum depths of 656 feet，researchers had a new goal：1 kilometer，hence the new name for OceanOneK.The researchers changed...and fight the pressure of 1,000 meters more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level.”可知，第三段通过列数据来展开。故选A。
3．What does the underlined word “descent” mean in the last paragraph
A．Successful operation.
B．Deep diving.
C．Pressure resistance.
D．Flexible exploration.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词后文“It dropped off a memorial marker on the seabed”“A robot’s first touch of the deep seafloor”“This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth，interacting with...”可知，机器人OceanOneK成功潜入深海。故选B。
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．A Creative Explorer
B．The Ambitious Exploration
C．A Self-Driven Seeker—A Robot
D．A Deep-Sea Explorer—OceanOneK
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段及全文内容可知，本文介绍了一款能进行深海探险的机器人OceanOneK。故选D。
B
A new study found some primates(灵长类) are leaving their tree homes and spending more time on the ground.Led by Timothy Eppley，PhD，scientists studied nearly 50 species of monkeys and lemurs(狐猴) to look at the reason behind these changes.
About 15 years ago，Eppley worked with southern bamboo lemurs，which were known to spend most of their days in the trees，feeding on bamboo leaves.However，he was surprised to find these lemurs were spending most time on the ground and had an incredibly diverse diet.He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them to move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.
He reached out to every researcher he could find who may have significant data on primates from Madagascar or the Americas，the two places with almost all tree-dwelling primates.
Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.He found that they spent an average of only 2.5% of their time on the ground each month.But the findings showed some interesting differences.
“As habitats are degraded and the climate worsens，primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground，” Eppley says.“However，other species that rely on fruit diets or live in small groups are less adaptable and are less willing to leave the trees.For these species，we will still need to enforce fast and effective conservation strategies to ensure their survival.”
Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations，primates can face problems when they leave the trees.They can become victims of other animals and diseases.Besides，they will be faced with finding appropriate food resources on the ground，thus having a broad or flexible diet is important.Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究发现：因为森林的破坏以及气候变化使得一些灵长类动物被迫选择了到地面生活。
5．Why did Timothy Eppley begin his study
A．To try to make primates more adaptive.
B．To study how monkeys differ from lemurs.
C．To figure out the reason for the loss of bamboo.
D．To find out why primates are turning to the ground.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。由第一段第二句和第二段中“He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them to move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.”可知，Timothy Eppley开始研究是想找出灵长类动物选择地面生活的原因。故选D。
6．How did Timothy Eppley carry out his research
A．By doing experiments.
B．By observing in the wild.
C．By studying collected data.
D．By interviewing the locals.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。第四段讲到“Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.”可知，Eppley通过分析收集到的数据进行这项研究。故选C。
7．Which kind of primates are more likely to come down from trees
A．Those eating diverse diets.
B．Those with a large size.
C．Those feeding mainly on fruits.
D．Those living in small groups.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。第五段讲到“primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground”可知，那些饮食多样化的灵长类动物更倾向于到地面生活。故选A。
8．What will become a concern according to the study
A．Animals will become less adaptive.
B．The forest ecosystem will become worse.
C．More natural habitats will be lost.
D．More animal-related diseases will appear.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。最后一段讲到“Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.”可知，在森林里灵长类动物是植物种子的重要传播者，如果它们到地面上栖息，将会影响森林的生态系统。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Chick-fil-A is known for their incredible customer service.But the restaurants often find special ways to 1 in times of crisis，too.And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane Florence relief 2 by opening its doors on Sunday.
You’ll always hear “My pleasure” from Chick-fil-A 3 when they serve you.And the Wilmington，North Carolina Chick-fil-A，owned by Donovan and Nikki Carless，was quick to serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence left thousands of people 4 .
By then，the hurricane had already 5 the lives of 43 people.Rescue missions 6 around 5,000 people from dangerous conditions.And the Governor of North Carolina，Roy Cooper，announced that floodwaters were still a(n) 7 to the state.
With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be 8 to serve food on Sunday.It’s a day the company usually closes.But on this particular Sunday，the doors opened and served the miserable 9 .
According to ABC News 11，the team 10 the opportunity to help. 11 the Red Cross，the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different 12 .Other fast-food chains also 13 in rescue work.And this is 14 what community is all about.In times like these，it’s always 15 to see businesses put their bottom dollar aside and instead look to see how they can give back.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了快餐连锁店Chick-fil-A在周日开门帮助救援在飓风“佛罗伦萨”中受灾的灾民的故事。
1．A.remain B．respond
C．reflect D．refresh
答案　B
解析　根据下文“And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane Florence relief by opening its doors on Sunday.”可知，Chick-fil-A在危难开头也经常能找到特殊的方法作出反应。故选B。
2．A.effort B．fund
C．supplies D．staff
答案　A
解析　根据下文“serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence...”可知，Chick-fil-A 周日开门营业，帮助佛罗伦萨飓风后的救援工作。relief effort指的是救援工作。故选A。
3．A.leaders B．residents
C．colleagues D．employees
答案　D
解析　根据下文“when they serve you”可知，此处指的是 Chick-fil-A 的雇员。故选D。
4．A.motionless B．fearless
C．homeless D．speechless
答案　C
解析　根据常识可知，此处指飓风使成千上万人无家可归。故选C。
5．A.claimed B．lost
C．confirmed D．dominated
答案　A
解析　claim(灾难﹑事故等)夺去(生命)；lose丢失；confirm证实；dominate支配，控制。根据句中“the lives of 43 people”可知，此处指飓风夺走了43人的生命。故选A。
6．A.hid B．separated
C．recovered D．distinguished
答案　C
解析　根据句中“from dangerous conditions”可知，此处指将大约5 000人从危险的环境中救出。recover 指“找回；寻回；找到”，符合语境。故选C。
7．A.warning B．threat
C．reminder D．interruption
答案　B
解析　根据下文“With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be to serve food on Sunday.”可推知，洪水对该州来说仍然是威胁。故选B。
8．A.proud B．reliable
C．curious D．willing
答案　D
解析　根据下文“It’s a day the company usually closes.”可推知，此处指餐馆老板询问了谁愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物。故选D。
9．A.victims B．villagers
C．rescuers D．attackers
答案　A
解析　根据常识可知，在灾难面前，人们是受害者。故选A。
10．A.opened up B．waited for
C．benefited from D．jumped at
答案　D
解析　open up开放；wait for等待；benefit from从……中受益；jump at欣然接受。根据上文可知，餐馆老板询问了谁愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物，此处指员工们欣然接受了这个提供帮助的机会。故选D。
11．A.In command of B．In reward for
C．In association with D．In contrast to
答案　C
解析　in command of指挥；in reward for作为报答；in association with联合；in contrast to与……对比。根据句意可知，此处指该团队与红十字会联合。故选C。
12．A.companies B．habitats
C．shelters D．settlements
答案　C
解析　结合上文提到飓风“佛罗伦萨”导致数千人无家可归可知，该团队和红十字会联合，在三个不同的避难处提供三明治和饼干。故选C。
13．A.engaged B．delighted
C．succeeded D．invested
答案　A
解析　根据also可推知，此处指其他快餐连锁店也参与了救援工作。engage (sb) in(使某人)参加或从事某事。故选A。
14．A.merely B．surely
C．probably D．truly
答案　D
解析　根据上文“...the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different .Other fast-food chains also...”可知，这就是社区的真正意义所在。故选D。
15．A.challenging B．inspiring
C．astonishing D．puzzling
答案　B
解析　challenging具有挑战性的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；astonishing令人惊讶的；puzzling令人困惑的。通读全文可知，在类似这样的时刻，看到企业不顾自己的利益转而寻求如何回报社会的行为是令人鼓舞的。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
In Ningbo city，a young woman has made the bamboo product brand of her family’s company famous around the world,1. (help) a fair number of bamboo farmers increase their income.
Wang Xiaoqing，born in the 1990s,2. (find) that in the US，Chinese bamboo products were popular among customers,3. many of them carried foreign brands，despite China being the “kingdom of bamboos”．She decided to return to China and build a bamboo product brand after finishing her education abroad in 2013.
In 2018，a bamboo table 4. (produce) by the company of Wang’s family shined at the first Global Bamboo Congress.“5. fascinates westerners is the Chinese bamboo culture and its long history.It provides a sound foundation for the global 6._______________(expand) of China’s bamboo industry，” Wang said.Her company is 7._________________(current) engaged in the design，manufacturing and sales of bamboo products.It produces over 10 million bamboo products each year,85 percent of which 8._________________(sell) in the global market.
Serving 9. vice president of the entrepreneurship promotion association for returned overseas students in Ningbo city，Wang plans to contribute more to rural vitalization.“I hope that we can turn villages into more beautiful places and make villagers get 10.__________________(rich)，” Wang said.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，介绍了宁波市的年轻女企业家王骁晴将其公司的竹制品销往世界，帮助竹农增加收入。
1．答案　helping
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处作结果状语，动词help和逻辑主语a young woman之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填helping。
2．答案　found
解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据下文“She decided to return to China”可知表示过去发生的动作，应使用一般过去时。故填found。
3．答案　but
解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空格处缺少连词连接前后两个句子，此处表示转折，应使用连词but。故填but。
4．答案　produced
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰名词table，且主语与动词produce之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填produced。
5．答案　What
解析　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导主语从句且在该从句中作主语，表示“物”，应使用连接代词what，位于句首首字母大写，故填What。
6．答案　expansion
解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空格处为介词for的宾语，应使用名词形式，再根据句意可知应使用单数形式。故填expansion。
7．答案　currently
解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处作状语修饰动词engaged，应使用副词形式。故填currently。
8．答案　are sold
解析　考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句的谓语部分，动词和主语是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据前文“produces”可知，应使用一般现在时的被动语态形式，且先行词products为复数形式，故填are sold。
9．答案　as
解析　考查介词。固定短语serve as“作为”，故填as。
10．答案　richer
解析　考查形容词比较级。根据and前面的“more beautiful places”可知，空格处为并列结构，此处应使用比较级。故填richer。Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2．fleet n．舰队；机群；车队
3．behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见
4．spice n．(调味)香料
5．maritime adj.海的；海运的；海事的
6．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛
7．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
8．press conference 记者招待会；新闻发布会
9．manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
10．submersible n．潜水器；可潜船
11．underwater adv.在水下 adj.水下的
12．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
13．coral n．珊瑚
14．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居
15．directory n．名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录
16．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削
17．gallon n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
18．log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n．正式记录；日志；原木
19．marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．tale n．故事；叙述
2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商
3．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
4．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的
5．withdraw vt.& vi.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
6．channel n．航道；海峡；频道
7．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
8．tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n．税；税款
9．meanwhile adv.与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
10．arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的→extension n．扩大；延伸；延期；电话分机
2．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政治上的→politician n．政治家；政客
3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；(大学的)讲师，教员
4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
5．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
6．applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
7．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．谋杀犯
8．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
9．possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；具有；拥有
10．opponent n．反对者；对手；竞争者→oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的
1．tiptoe /'tIpt / n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
2．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
3．disorder /dIs' d (r)/ n．紊乱；混乱；骚乱
4．excessive /Ik'sesIv/ adj.过度的；过多的
5．all-round / l'ra nd/ adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
6．obstacle /' bst kl/ n．障碍；障碍物
7．accumulation / kju mj 'leI n/ n．积累；聚积物
8．devil /'devl/ n．魔鬼；恶魔
9．compliment /'k mplIm nt/ n．称赞；问候；致意 vt.赞美；钦佩
10．bolster /'b lst (r)/ vt.改善；加强
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．set sail 起航；开航
2．in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
3．withdraw from 退出；撤回
4．in hand 在手头；可供使用；在掌握中；在控制中
5．search for寻找
6．under the command of在……的指挥下
7．in return for作为对……的回报
8．for the benefit of为了……的好处/利益
9．take action采取行动
10．as well as也；又；还
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.(The aim is to do...)
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路沿线地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
2．China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。
3．...there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.(there is an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事)
……为了了解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。
4．To truly understand our planet，we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.(不定式作目的状语)
为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。
5．We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.(so that引导目的状语从句)我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
The Ming Dynasty desired to strengthen the 1.____________(bond) with some western countries and between 1405 and 1433，seven large fleets 2.____________ the command of Zheng He set sail from the South China Sea.They sailed across the Indian Ocean to the east coast of Africa，along the marine channels which 3.______________________(extend) by the former merchants and explorers.They took gold，silk and spices to the African royal families 4.____________ negotiated trade deals with them.Meanwhile，with 5.____________(advance) weapons in hand，they had mercy on rather than exploited，murdered or arrested the people in other countries，6.____________ in turn applauded them.They also 7.____________(log) many tales that had happened along the way.Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of 8.____________(they) own at that time.Today，to reach out across the sea remains a strong desire.And the ancient routes 9.__________(travel) by Zheng He are being revisited with the aim 10.______________(encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；提供；伸展，展开 vi.& vt.持续，延续(extensive adj.广阔的；大量的；广泛的 extension n．延伸；扩大；延期)
extend...to...向……提供/给予…… extend to延长到 extend by延长了
(1)If you are in need of a deadline ____________(extend)，simply explain the situation to your professor.
(2)The plan will extend protection ____________ a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)这些课程每周一节，每节课两小时，持续22周以上。与去年的这门课程相比，持续时间延长了两周。(话题写作之学校生活)
These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class，pared with last year’s course，the duration ________________________.
(4)我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的全体老师。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
________________________________________________________________________，who have done so much for us over the years.
mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠(merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的)
show mercy to对……怜悯/宽恕 have mercy on/upon对……怜悯/宽恕 at the mercy of...任由……摆布 be merciful to...对……仁慈
(1)The leader is such a ____________ man and always has mercy ____________ those poor people but sometimes he can be ____________ to bad persons.(用合适的介词或mercy的适当形式填空)
(2)在失去引擎动力之后，这艘船只好任凭风暴摆布。
Having lost engine power，________________________________________________.
possession n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配)
take possession of (表动作)占有；拥有 in possession of (表状态)具有；拥有 in the possession of被……拥有；归……所有 be possessed of sth具有(某种品质或特征)
(1)这款最新的笔记本电脑是汤姆的，也就是说汤姆拥有这款最新款的笔记本电脑。
The latest laptop is ________________________ Tom，which means that Tom is ________________________ the latest laptop.
(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。
Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but ___________________________________.
(3)请记住，只有拥有良好的心态，你才能获得成功。
Keep in mind that ________________________________________________.
in hand在手头；可供使用
at hand近在手边；在附近 by hand手工，用手的 hand in hand手挽手；密切关联 on the one hand...on the other (hand)一方面……另一方面(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面) give sb a hand 帮助……；施以援手
用hand的相关短语填空
(1)As an old saying goes，“Success and failure always go ________________________.”
(2)Having enough data ____________，we can set out to hold the press conference as scheduled.
(3)Meanwhile，you’d better keep a dictionary close ____________ so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it.
(4)Even for personal letters，the merchant would rather use a computer than write ____________.
(5)On the one hand，computers extend our vision；____________________，they also bring about some harmful problems.
(6)Whenever I am in trouble，it is you who ____________________ without hesitation.
so that引导目的状语从句 　We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，以便我们可以采取行动。
本句中so that引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中往往含有情态动词，如can，could，may，might等。 so that也可以引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
(1)下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。
Next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule ________________________________________________.
(2)公共汽车坏了，我们不得不步行回家，这让我们怒火中烧。
________________________________________________，which made us boil with anger.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．withdraw
(1)I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account.________
(2)I heard you are going to withdraw from the speech class.(2021·浙江1月)________
(3)Sensing his mistake，the minister withdrew his statement later.________
2．bond
(1)The new type of glue bonds a variety of surfaces in seconds.________
(2)The following day，the taxi driver was released on $5,000 bond.________
(3)It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.(2020·全国Ⅱ)________
(4)Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion...(2021·天津)________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.____________
(2)The charming man arrested my attention.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Many people had their ________________(possess) buried under the ruins，thus becoming homeless.
2．The prime minister of the country was once a ________________(profession) athlete as well as a licensed lawyer.
3．He doesn’t have the freedom to choose what he likes，so I have mercy ____________ him.
4．I negotiated ____________ other sponsors of the exhibition about how to organize it perfectly.
5．For some reason，I withdrew ____________ a handful of grand clubs and I will never join them again.
6．The ____________(cover) proved to be out of line with the truth was deleted.
7．It’s said that an open-air barbecue will be scheduled，whose aim is ________________(strengthen) the bond of the employees.
8．Do keep in mind that my assistance will be ____________ hand whenever you need it.
9．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its ____________(mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
10．All the merchants stayed silent，listened to me carefully and gave me a big round of ____________(applaud) at the end.
2022·全国甲改编 你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1.海洋的重要性；2.保护海洋的倡议。
完成句子
1．6月8日是世界海洋日，其目的是提高人们对海洋保护的认识。(the aim is to do...；whose引导定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
2．海洋起着至关重要的作用，它不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且维持了自然的平衡。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．随着世界海洋日的临近，迫切需要采取措施保护海洋。(with的复合结构；There is an urgent need to do...)
____________________________________________________________________________
4．为了做出我们的贡献，我们学生可以发传单，呼吁更多的人保护海洋。(不定式作目的状语)
____________________________________________________________________________
5．现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了，这样我们才能建设一个更加和谐的世界，在未来过上更好的生活。(so that引导目的状语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　mercy n．→merciful adj.；opponent n．→opposed adj.；mixture n．→mixed adj.
[动作描写]　set sail；negotiate；withdraw from；applaud；exploit；arrest
美句 1.Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements.(主旨升华) 2.In recent years，China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.(动作描写) 3.Opponents may be concerned，but sea exploration is important for our future.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　修辞妙用之拟人
拟人就是赋予物以人的语言属性。拟人手法的使用会使文章更加形象生动、富有情趣。
句型 1.The mist swallowed them up and the icy wind started howling，stinging their faces violently.薄雾吞没了他们，冰冷的风呼啸着，猛烈地刺痛了他们的脸。 2.Seeing such extraordinary beauty，I think every cell in my body woke up.看到这绝美景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。 3.The first rays of morning tiptoed through the grass.第一缕晨光蹑手蹑脚地穿过草地。 4.Immediately an absolute darkness ruled the forest and an extreme sense of fear seized me.刹那间，漆黑统治了整个森林，一种极度的恐惧感笼罩着我。 5.One evening saw/witnessed a bus driver weaving through traffic.一天晚上，一位公共汽车司机穿梭在车流中。 6.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture.羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。 7.The bees played hide-and-seek with the flowers as they buzzed from one flower to another.蜜蜂嗡嗡地从一朵花到另一朵花上，与花朵进行捉迷藏。
语料运用　海上遇险
Although Sam had been warned that ①__________________，there was little that would keep him from going.②_____________________________________________________(with的复合结构)，Sam set sail on a freezing night.The storm was gaining strength on land，but had not yet reached a place far from the coast.③____________________________________，which began to turn sideways like an amusement park ride.They were completely ④____________________________________________.The dim lamps hanging on the boat slipped into the angry sea，throwing them in complete darkness.⑤_______________________(倒装句)．Then the dark sea along with a few twinkling stars ⑥_________________________.Fortunately，⑦______________________________________ and _________________________________.
尽管山姆被警告暴风雨即将来临，但几乎没有什么能阻止他去。伴随着呼啸的寒风和吞噬一切的浓雾，山姆在一个寒冷的夜晚启航了。风暴在陆地上越来越大，但还没有到达离岸很远的地方。波浪摇晃着小船，小船开始像游乐园里的游乐设施一样侧向转弯。他们完全任凭风暴摆布。船上挂着的昏暗的灯滑入愤怒的大海，把他们抛在一片无尽的黑暗中。直到这时，恐惧才开始笼罩山姆。然后，黑暗的大海以及闪烁着的几颗星辰，见证了人与自然之间的生死斗争。幸运的是，惊涛骇浪的大海终于平静下来，第一缕曙光蹑手蹑脚地出现在地平线上。

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