资源简介

Passage 1
Gutiérrez's life would never be the same again after finding a copy of AnnaKarenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago. It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighbourhoods at night and seeing abandoned books. It aroused his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage. He used to take home between 50 and 60 books every morning. Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low income families.
Colombia's capital city of Bogota has 19 public libraries. However, these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live. The option of buying new books is non existent for families struggling to make ends meet. Gutiérrez's community library is a true representation of how one man's garbage can be another's treasure.
Gutiérrez grew up poor, and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school. Nevertheless, his mother was a passionate reader and read stories to him every night. Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutiérrez.
Today, his makeshift community library, called “The Strength of Words”， occupies most of his home in southern Bogota, and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20，000 books! As word began to spread about his amazing project, people began sending him thousands more books to grow his library.
Despite having done so much for his community, Gutiérrez is not yet content to call it a day. He continues to search through garbage cans for reading materials. Today, the Gutiérrez family does not merely want to start libraries in neighbourhoods. They want to create spaces for school children to spend their time reading.
Gutiérrez's journey to give back to his local community is an amazing example of how every one of us can improve the lives of those around us. How might we take a leaf out of Gutiérrez's books and impact the less fortunate around us
1．What inspired Gutiérrez to rescue unwanted books
A．The abandoned AnnaKarenina.
B．Leo Tolstoy's life.
C．Children's living conditions.
D．A community library.
2．Why did Gutiérrez start “The Strength of Words”？
A．To create a harmonious neighborhood.
B．To give his mother sufficient books.
C．To facilitate children's reading.
D．To improve the community life.
3．What can best describe Gutiérrez
A．Devoted and talented.
B．Intelligent and generous.
C．Passionate and well educated.
D．Creative and caring.
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Desire for Reading
B．From Garbage to Treasure
C．Gutiérrez's Kindness
D．An Amazing Model of Education
Passage 2
The researchers drew a conclusion that orphaned (成为孤儿) elephants would be more stressed out than non orphans. There's a lot of evidence that the mother child bond helps reduce stress in animals, which has been demonstrated previously in rats and birds, says the study leader Jenna Parker. Elephants have complicated social structures and deep family bonds. Because orphaned elephants in the same region die at a higher rate than elephants with living mothers, it seemed like a no brainer that surviving orphans would be stressed out.
The team, however, made an unexpected finding: There really wasn't a difference in the stress hormone (荷尔蒙) levels of orphaned and non orphaned elephants, as long as they lived with family members, such as aunts, cousins, or brothers and sisters. Elephants—even the orphans—that lived in groups with fellows of their own age turned out to be under less stress than those that didn't.
Parker recalls two orphans in the study, Frida and Rothko. “Frida had a non functional left ear and Rothko had a non functional right ear，” and they were inseparable, she says. “It was as though they had at least one good set of ears as long as they were together！” The findings also fit with previous social research in African elephants, Parker says. “Orphans increase interaction with their age mates after their mother's death.” She notes that dominance is structured by age in elephants: Older elephants may outrank younger elephants when it comes to food, for example, but elephants of the same age are generally equals.
With human wildlife conflict and drought threats to elephants in the region, the findings published today in Communications Biology offer a new insight into how having a strong fellow group may contribute to elephants' survival. This information could also help recovery facilities that take in orphaned elephants set the animals up for a successful future in the wild—releasing them in large groups of bonded fellows, for example. “The bottom line here is that elephants need elephants，” says Parker. “And when the worst happens, like losing a mother, some find new ways to survive and grow happily.”
5．Why are family bonds and social structures mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To prove their connection.
B．To explain their meanings.
C．To show their significance.
D．To clarify their differences.
6．Which statement may Parker agree with
A．Non orphans outrank orphans in elephants.
B．Orphaned elephants are in need of their age mates.
C．Older elephants tend to attend to younger elephants.
D．Orphaned elephants prefer interaction with older elephants.
7．What does the author think of the team's research findings
A．They're baseless.
B．They're novel.
C．They're original.
D．They're predictable.
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Hunting and Drought Are Major Threats to Elephants
B.Human Protection Helps Orphaned Elephants Survive
C.Living with Older Elephants May Contribute to Survival
D．Friends May Be Key to Stress Relief for Orphaned Elephants
Passage 3
Some of the biggest and most successful companies are opening new offices, and their trendiest feature is focused on plants and insects. After moving to Seattle, Microsoft began to build its work spaces outdoors—and more specifically, in the trees, which are now comprised of 125 buildings.
This style of biophilic (亲自然的) design—an integration of natural materials, natural light, views of nature and other experiences of the natural world into the built environment—sounds pretty and good for the planet. But that hardly seems like enough of a reason for big companies to pay billions for biophilic designs. In fact, they are motivated by economics.
A study with employees of the Sacramento Municipal Utility District Call Center revealed that workers who had a view of the natural environment handled about 7% more calls than those who did not. The cost of reforming offices to give each employee an outdoor view was about $1，000 per employee, while their increased productivity added up to $2，900 in increased income per employee per year.
Another study by the Think Wood campaign concludes that nature can have a beneficial effect on creativity, concentration and well being. Not only do cool looking biophilic offices help companies recruit (招聘) talent in an incredibly tight labor market, but they also nudge the new talent to perform better at work.
“Being more creative and flexible with our workspace allows us to be more creative and productive in our work and the products we create. It's like a little getaway，” said Bret Boulder, Head of Capital Assets.
Of course, small companies don't have a spare couple of billion to spend on “park like” outdoor offices. But the good news is that biophilic design is not necessarily expensive. Even just staring at a neighboring green roof for less than a minute has been shown to boost productivity.
9．Where can you find the definition of biophilic design
A．In Paragraph 1. B．In Paragraph 2.
C．In Paragraph 3. D．In Paragraph 4.
10．What does the underlined word “nudge” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Encourage. B．Anticipate.
C．Remind. D．Promise.
11．What effect can biophilic designs bring to offices
A．Reduced building cost.
B．Competitive atmosphere.
C．Limited workplace flexibility.
D．Increased productivity.
12．What is the best title for the text
A．Putting Nature to Work
B．A Trend to Open New Offices
C．Living Naturally and Simply
D．A Natural Building Designer
Passage 4
Today's gift was to my friend Oscar in Portland who is unhorsed. I got him a $50 Kroger card so that he can buy fresh fruits and vegetables. Oscar and I have been talking a lot about gut (肠道) health and how important nutrition is.
Oscar told me that it's really hard to get good food. Most of what is given out is past the sell by dates. He is always grateful for the food, but he has an autoimmune (自身免疫的) disease so these kinds of foods are really making it worse. Now that spring is here, hopefully, he can get fresher produce.
I told him about the book I'm reading by Will Bulsiewicz, MD called FiberFueled. I'm learning so much. Today is day 70 since I started learning to make meals just from plants. The more I learn about plant fueled eating, the better I feel about this decision. And this book is specifically about taking advantage of the body's capacity to cure itself. So my friend ordered the audio from the library and it will come in soon. He wants to learn about this too since he has serious autoimmune issues. That's why he lost his job and then his apartment.
Oscar is a young man I can help. I want him to heal, and find a job and a home again. I know he can do it. And I won't stop helping him until that happens. I told him that. Once my social security checks come in, I plan to make sure he gets Kroger cards every time I get paid so that he has plenty of healthy produce.
Oscar's page on Twitter is @MyHomelessMeals. More than anything, he shows gratitude for every single person who helps him on a daily basis. He always shares what we send if he can, too. He recently joined Service Space because he said their Mission Statement is__aligned__with his values.He's quite an exceptional young man.
13．Why did the foods Oscar received make his disease worse
A．They are rich in fat.
B．They are a little raw.
C．They are hard to digest.
D．They are not so fresh.
14．What's the main idea of the third paragraph
A.The author introduced a proper book to Oscar.
B．Oscar's disease made him lose everything.
C．Oscar wanted to cure his disease quickly.
D．The author gave Oscar a book as a gift.
15．How will the author help Oscar cure his illness
A．By helping Oscar get a well paid job.
B．By making sure Oscar can get healthy food.
C．By recommending some restaurants to Oscar.
D．By introducing Oscar to some famous doctors.
16．What does the underlined part “is aligned with” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Transforms. B．Matches.
C．Allows. D．Controls.
Passage 5
You may have wondered how lavender is used for social anxiety. But first, just what is lavender Lavender, also known as English or garden lavender, is a herb native to the Mediterranean region. Historically, lavender was used to mummify bodies in Egypt, in baths in Greece and Rome, and for curing the broken skin and mental health purposes. Today, lavender is used as a traditional or complementary remedy for relaxation, to reduce anxiety, and depression, as well as for diseases such as stomach upset and headaches.
No scientific studies have specifically examined the benefits of lavender use for social anxiety disorder. In a 2000 study, Cook and Ernst reported that in general, aromatherapy (芳香疗法) is helpful in reducing anxiety and stress in the short term. A 2012 study also showed some evidence of the usefulness of lavender taken for anxiety. More research is needed to support the use of lavender for the treatment of social anxiety disorder.
Lavender is usually used in the form of an essential oil as part of aromatherapy. The scent is inhaled, or the oil is applied to the skin, which will benefit the anxious people quickly. Dried lavender can also be used to make a tea or liquid extract. Lavender may also be taken in pill form. Lavender tea can be made by using 1 to 2 teaspoons of dried leaves for 15 minutes in a cup of boiling water. In liquid extract form, no more than 60 drops of lavender should be taken in a day. Before taking lavender in liquid form, you should read the product label and discuss the dose with a qualified health care provider.
There is not enough scientific evidence to safely recommend lavender for children younger than 18 years. Lavender taken by mouth has the potential to increase the risk of bleeding. If you suffer from a bleeding disorder or are taking medicine that may increase bleeding，use caution when taking lavender.
17．What can we know about lavender from Paragraph 1
A．It can help deal with mental health problems.
B．It was used to preserve dead bodies in Greece.
C.It was used to cure stomach upset and headaches.
D．It is a herb introduced into the Mediterranean region.
18．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．The treatment for social anxiety disorder.
B.The history of aromatherapy reducing stress.
C．The benefits of lavender used for mental disorder.
D．The researches on the use of lavender for social anxiety.
19．How is Paragraph 3 developed
A．By collecting data.
B．By making a list.
C．By introducing concepts.
D．By making comparisons.
20．What can we learn about taking lavender from the text
A．It may worsen the bleeding.
B．It's proved to be unsafe for kids of 14.
C．Lavender in pill form functions better than that in liquid.
D．A dose should be decided according to the product label.
Passage 6
Researcher Ruijia Hu said wildlife habitat in crowded places like southwest Ohio is becoming increasingly fragmented (分散) as forests give way to new construction. Eventually, this could make trouble to an animal with specific habitat needs like Ohio's pileated (红冠) woodpecker.
Pileated woodpeckers have the nickname carpenter birds for their never ending natural woodworking. They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year, creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls. “They make new nests every year. They won't reuse old ones，” Hu said. “Other animals depend on them.”
Pileated woodpeckers are private birds that are more often heard than seen. Studying them can be especially difficult. So Hu turned to citizen science for help. To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings collected by birders and logged into the website eBird, a free online tool and app that anyone can use to record their observations and locations. She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that corridors along rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwood helped the birds adjust to their increasingly fragmented urban landscape.
“With fragmented forests, many habitats that were once suitable for wildlife are broken up，” Hu said. “Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs. And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great. Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.”
“There are so many species in urban areas that we don't pay attention to, especially when they're not considered vulnerable，” Hu said. “With development chipping away at more forest in this crowded county, the tipping point (临界点) could come quickly and unexpectedly. You can't fix it overnight. It's not just about planting more trees. The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat. At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.”
21．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．The magpie's nest is occupied by the dove.
B．Birds abandon the old for the new easily.
C．Friendship really exists among animals.
D．One's trash is another's treasure.
22．What is the main idea of the third paragraph
A．The effect of Hu's study on birds.
B．The process of Hu's research.
C．The difficulty Hu had in his study.
D．The application of technology.
23．What role do wildlife corridors play for birds
A．Helping them survive in the fragmented landscape.
B．Making them adjust to deadwood quickly.
C.Providing them with enough food for survival.
D．Ensuring them a stable and safe habitat.
24．What does Hu imply in the last paragraph
A．One tree doesn't make a forest.
B．Be wise after the event.
C．Prepare for a rainy day.
D．Take things as they come.
Passage 7
When you step off the elevator on the fourth floor of Kentucky Children's Hospital (KCH), you're greeted by a magical unicorn (独角兽) in a combination of greens, blues, and purples.
It is an art piece created by the staff of KCH and UK Arts in Health Care. This unicorn roughly five feet tall and six feet wide, is made up of nothing but thousands of vial (药水瓶) caps, oral injector caps, and tubes to create an image of a unicorn, silently greeting and comforting every patient and visitor.
The idea for this unicorn was inspired by Tilda Shalof, a nurse in Canada who spent nearly 30 years collecting abandoned medical plastic to create a colorful creature. KCH nurses approached the Child Life staff about creating something analogous for their hospital. The staff agreed, and collection of plastic began.
Soon the collection numbered in the thousands, but the question remained — what would this become After many meetings and discussions, KCH staff settled on the idea of a unicorn. After all, unicorns become the source where all dreamy thoughts can blossom. Meeting a unicorn and making friends with it could be so appealing to children. More than stories about the healing (治愈) power, for children, a unicorn might even have the magic power to change anything.
Lexington artist Christine Kuhn joined the team to provide guidance on the design and construction process, but the work was done entirely by KCH staff who volunteered their time. “As the unicorn started to take shape, it became even clearer that many hands were present in the artwork，” said Joey Burke, a nurse ethicist. “Several music therapists asked if they could add a guitar pick and a member of the maintenance crew added a wire nut. In the end, medical waste became fantastic as the unicorn took shape.”
When completed, this grand creature needed a name, so a contest was held among KCH staff and patients. The name with the most votes was Unity “MoonPie” McSparkles.
25．What is special about the art piece displayed in KCH
A．It is small in size and easy to carry.
B．It involves many variations in color.
C．It is composed entirely of hospital plastic waste.
D．It is a joint effort of the Child Life staff and patients.
26．What does the underlined word “analogous” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Similar. B．Necessary.
C．Meaningful. D．Challenging.
27．Why did KCH staff decide to make a unicorn
A．It inspires children's innovation.
B．It symbolizes hope, healing, and magic.
C．It appears in many KCH members' dreams.
D.It helps strike up friendships among patients.
28．What do Joey Burke's words in Paragraph 5 imply
A．Some members opposed reusing medical waste.
B．The design of the unicorn was a bit complicated．
C．The staff were enthusiastic about the unicorn work．
D．The collection of medical waste was time consuming.
Passage 1
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述Gutiérrez通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事，从而引发读者关于如何改善身边人的生活的思考。
1．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一自然段可知，被遗弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》激发了古铁雷斯拯救不需要的书籍。
2．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Eventually, he turned his book collection into a community library for children from low income families.”以及第四自然段“Today, his makeshift community library, called ‘The Strength of Words’， occupies most of his home in southern Bogota, and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non fiction titles. Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20，000 books！”可知，古铁雷斯的The Strength of Words旨在方便孩子们阅读。
3．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。文章主要讲述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。由此可知，他既有创意又有爱心。故选D。
4．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述古铁雷斯通过从垃圾堆中收集废书的方式为农村和贫困社区的孩子们建立了一个社区图书馆从而帮助他们开始阅读的故事。B项“From Garbage to Treasure (变废为宝)”最能概括本文主旨。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍同伴可以帮助孤儿大象缓解压力。
5．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Elephants have complicated social structures and deep family bonds.　Because orphaned elephants in the same region die at a higher rate than elephants with living mothers, it seemed like a no brainer that surviving orphans would be stressed out.”可推知，文中提到家庭关系和社会结构是为了说明它们对大象的意义。
6．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段可推知，帕克可能会同意孤儿大象需要同龄的伙伴的说法。
7．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With human wildlife conflict and drought threats to elephants in the region, the findings published today in Communications Biology offer a new insight into how having a strong fellow group may contribute to elephants' survival.”可知，作者认为这个团队的研究成果是新颖的。
8．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍研究发现孤儿大象能从同龄大象那里得到帮助和陪伴，最终压力水平恢复正常。再结合第二段可知，D项“Friends May Be Key to Stress Relief for Orphaned Elephants(朋友可能是孤儿大象缓解压力的关键)”可以作为本文最佳标题。
Passage 3
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些大公司对其办公室进行亲自然设计，以此提高员工的生产效率。
9．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“This style of biophilic (亲自然的) design—an integration of natural materials, natural light, views of nature and other experiences of the natural world into the built environment—sounds pretty and good for the planet.”可知，亲自然的设计是指将自然材料、自然光、自然观和其他自然世界的体验整合到建筑环境中。因此能在第二段找到对亲自然设计的定义。
10．答案与解析：A　词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句子“Not only do cool looking biophilic offices help companies recruit (招聘) talent in an incredibly tight labor market, but they also nudge the new talent to perform better at work.”中的not only...but also，help和perform better at work推测画线词意为“鼓励，促进”，即亲自然的办公室还能鼓励/促进新人在工作中表现得更好。
11．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Even just staring at a neighboring green roof for less than a minute has been shown to boost productivity.”可知，亲自然设计能提高生产效率。
12．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一些大公司对其办公室进行亲自然设计，以此提高员工的生产效率。故A项“把自然放到工作中”可以作为本文的最佳标题。
Passage 4
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了关于患有免疫系统疾病的年轻人Oscar的故事。
13．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段二三句“Most of what is given out is past the sell by dates. He is always grateful for the food, but he has an autoimmune (自身免疫的) disease so these kinds of foods are really making it worse.”可知，觉得分发的多数食物过期了，即不新鲜，甚至变质。这让他的自身疾病变得更糟糕。
14．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句“I told him about the book I'm reading by Will Bulsiewicz, MD called FiberFueled.”可知，本段将对这本书展开介绍。
15．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Once my social security checks come in, I plan to make sure he gets Kroger cards every time I get paid so that he has plenty of healthy produce.”可知，作者通过帮助获得健康新鲜食物来帮助Oscar。
16．答案与解析：B　词句猜测题。根据最后一段倒数第二句，即画线句的前半部分“He recently joined Service Space”可知，Oscar加入了一个公益组织，可推测加入的原因是因为这个组织传递的价值观和他的一致，即互相匹配。故选B。
Passage 5
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。薰衣草在古时候就被人们用来治疗疾病。新的研究表明薰衣草可以被用来治疗人们的焦虑。
17．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，薰衣草可以帮助解决心理健康问题。
18．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。本段主要介绍了薰衣草对社交焦虑症的益处的两项研究。
19．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Lavender is usually used in the form of an essential oil as part of aromatherapy...Dried lavender can also be used to make a tea or liquid extract. Lavender may also be taken in pill form.”可知，本段主要罗列了用薰衣草治疗社交焦虑症的方法。故本段采用了“罗列”的方法展开论述。
20．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lavender taken by mouth has the potential to increase the risk of bleeding. If you suffer from a bleeding disorder or are taking medicine that may increase bleeding, use caution when taking lavender.”可知，服用薰衣草可能会加重出血。
Passage 6
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。讲述了随着森林被新的建筑所取代，野生动物栖息地正变得越来越分散。最终，这可能会给有特定栖息地需求的动物带来麻烦，比如俄亥俄州的红冠啄木鸟。
21．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year, creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls. ‘They make new nests every year. They won't reuse old ones，’ Hu said. ‘Other animals depend on them.’”可知，红冠啄木鸟每年都在树上啄洞筑巢，但它们不会重复使用旧的，可以被其他动物利用，故选D。
22．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，本段主要讲述了胡的研究过程。
23．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs. And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great. Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.”可知，野生动物走廊帮助动物在支离破碎的环境中生存。
24．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，此处胡暗示，我们不能等问题出现了才去采取行动，那样就太晚了，我们需要未雨绸缪。
Passage 7
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了肯塔基儿童医院的护士Tilda Shalof收集废弃的医用塑料，在医院四楼电梯处设计了一只神奇的独角兽，默默地问候和安慰每一位患者和来访者。
25．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段“This unicorn roughly five feet tall and six feet wide, is made up of nothing but thousands of vial (药水瓶) caps, oral injector caps, and tubes to create an image of a unicorn, silently greeting and comforting every patient and visitor.”可知，这只独角兽的独特之处是完全由医院的塑料垃圾组成，故选C项。
26．答案与解析：A　词句猜测题。根据第三段上文“The idea for this unicorn was inspired by Tilda Shalof, a nurse in Canada who spent nearly 30 years collecting abandoned medical plastic to create a colorful creature. KCH nurses approached the Child Life staff about creating something”可知，加拿大护士Tilda Shalof之前创造过一个五颜六色的生物，可推理出现在她要为医院创造一个差不多的东西，画线词的含义应为“类似的”含义，故选A。
27．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段“After all, unicorns become the source where all dreamy thoughts can blossom. Meeting a unicorn and making friends with it could be so appealing to children. More than stories about the healing (治愈) power, for children, a unicorn might even have the magic power to change anything.”可推理出，独角兽象征着希望、治愈和神奇，故选B。
28．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，各行各业的人都参与了制作过程，可推理出工作人员对独角兽的工作充满热情，故选C项。

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