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虚拟语气讲解与综合练习题
虚拟语气是英语中用于表达非真实或假设情况的语法结构，通常用在条件从句、宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
**详细用法**：
1. **与现在事实相反的条件句**：
- 条件从句用"If + 过去时动词（be动词用were）"；
- 主句用"would/could/might + 动词原形"。
2. **与过去事实相反的条件句**：
- 条件从句用"If + 过去完成时"；
- 主句用"would/could/might + have + 过去分词"。
3. **与将来事实相反的条件句**：
- 条件从句用"If + 动词过去式（be动词用were）+ should + 动词原形"；
- 主句用"would/could/might + 动词原形"。
4. **wish后面的宾语从句**：
- 对现在的愿望，用"过去时（be动词用were）"；
- 对过去的愿望，用"had + 过去分词"；
- 对未来的愿望，用"would/could/might + 动词原形"。
5. **建议、命令、要求类动词后的宾语从句**：
- 用"should + 动词原形"，should可以省略。
6. **It is necessary/important等后的主语从句或that从句**：
- 用"should + 动词原形"，should可以省略。
7. **as if/as though引导的方式状语从句**：
- 使用与事实相反的虚拟语气形式，结构与wish后宾语从句相同。
8. **其他常见虚拟用法**：
- If only开头的句子，表达遗憾或愿望，通常使用过去时态。
当然，以下是综合练习题的答案，放在了所有题目的最后。
**综合练习题**：
1. If I _______ a bird, I would fly to the sky. (were/was)
2. He would have called you if he _______ his phone. (has/had)
3. If it _______ tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. (rains/rained)
4. She wishes she _______ to the concert last night. (go/went)
5. The teacher suggested that we _______ an essay on global warming. (write/would write)
6. It's necessary that he _______ immediately. (leave/leaves)
7. If only I _______ my keys! (don't lose/didn't lose)
8. You look as if you _______ ill. (feel/felt)
9. I would have gone to the meeting if I _______ time. (have/had)
10. He talks about the world as if he _______ everything. (knows/knew)
**答案**：
1. Were
2. Had
3. Rained
4. Went
5. Write
6. Leave
7. Didn't lose
8. Felt
9. Had
10. Knew

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