资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．gateway n．通向……的门户
2．oasis n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
3．grotto n．小洞穴
4．testimony n．证据；证明
5．mural n．壁画
6．Apsaras n．飞天
7．immortal n．神
8．heavenly adj.天国的
9．Taoist priest道士
10．scroll n．纸卷，卷轴
11．ceramics n．陶瓷制品
12．crossroads n．活动中心，汇集地
13．expo n．展览会，博览会
14．I Ching 《易经》
15．The Analects 《论语》
16．Sinologist n．汉学家
17．shepherd n．牧羊人
18．chamber n．房间
19．kingdom n．王国
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
2．statue n．雕像；塑像
3．peak n．高峰，顶点 v．达到巅峰
4．department n．(大学的)系，部
5．temple n．庙宇，寺院
6．tune n．曲调，旋律
7．genius n．天才，天赋
8．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．glorious adj.辉煌的→glory n．光荣；辉煌
2．religious adj.宗教的→religion n．宗教
3．strengthen v．(使)变强；加强→strength n．力量；体力；优势→strong adj.强壮的
4．coverage n．覆盖范围；新闻报道→cover v．遮盖；包含；报道；支付→covering n．覆盖物→uncover v．揭发
5．scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学问
6．institute n．学院；研究院→institution n．机构；习俗；制度
7．historian n．历史学家→history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historical adj.(有关)历史的
8．prior adj.先前的；较早的→priority n．优先事项；优先(权)
9．romance n．传奇故事→romantic adj.富于幻想的；浪漫的→romanticism n．浪漫主义
10．stratagem n．计谋，策略→strategy n．战略；策略→strategic adj.战略性的
1．disclose /dIs'kl z/ vt.(formal)揭露；透露；公开
2．expel /Ik'spel/ vt.除名；驱逐；排出
3．confidential / k nfI'den l/ adj.机密的；隐秘的；受信任的
4．fortnight /'f tnaIt/ n．两星期
5．allowance / 'la ns/ n．津贴；补助；零用钱
6．suspicious /s 'spI s/ adj.可疑的；怀疑的
7．kneel /ni l/ vi.(knelt/nelt/，knelt or kneeled，kneeled)跪着；跪下
8．presently /'prezntli/ adv.马上；现在；此刻
9．elbow /'elb / n．肘；肘部 vt.用肘推、挤
10．squeeze /skwi z/ vi.& vt.挤；捏
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．prior to在……之前，先于
2．look up抬头看；查阅……
3．be testimony to ……的证明
4．vary from...to...从……变化到……
5．a stone’s throw一箭之地；附近
6．date from/date back to追溯到；始于；起源于
7．seal up封闭；密封
8．fade from从……逐渐消失
9．be exposed to接触；面临着；暴露于
10．keep an eye on留意；留神；照看
11．on the whole总的来说；大体上
12．think highly of高度赞扬
13．strike a chord引起共鸣
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city.(even though引导让步状语从句)
尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
2．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.(since引导时间状语从句)
2017年，51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地，参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会，敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心。
3．I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it，and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.(the first time引导时间状语从句)
我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就爱上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
4．Now that this dream has come true，my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.(now that引导原因状语从句)
既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
5．Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.(无生命名词作主语)
每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．gateway n．通向……的门户
2．oasis n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
3．grotto n．小洞穴
4．testimony n．证据；证明
5．mural n．壁画
6．scroll n．纸卷，卷轴
7．ceramics n．陶瓷制品
8．crossroads n．活动中心，汇集地
9．expo n．展览会，博览会
10．shepherd n．牧羊人
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共16分)
1．statue n．雕像；塑像
2．boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
3．peak n．高峰，顶点 v达到巅峰
4．tune n．曲调，旋律
5．temple n．庙宇，寺院
6．genius n．天才，天赋
7．department n．(大学的)系，部
8．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．historian n．历史学家→history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historical adj.(有关)历史的
2．scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学问
3．institute n．学院；研究院→institution n．机构；习俗；制度
4．romance n．传奇故事→romantic adj.富于幻想的；浪漫的→romanticism n．浪漫主义
5．stratagem n．计谋，策略→strategy n．战略；策略→strategic adj.战略性的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．disclose vt.揭露；透露；公开
2．allowance n．津贴；补助；零用钱
3．suspicious adj.可疑的；怀疑的
4．elbow n．肘；肘部 vt.用肘推、挤
5．squeeze vi.& vt.挤；捏
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．be testimony to ……的证明
2．date from/date back to追溯到；始于；起源于
3．fade from 从……逐渐消失
4．on the whole 总的来说；大体上
5．strike a chord 引起共鸣
6．keep an eye on留意；留神；照看
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共12分)
1．Those medals stood for his past glory and often reminded him of his glorious accomplishments.(glory)
2．Although he doesn’t believe in any religion，he respects others’ religious freedom.(religion)
3．As we all know，taking exercise can strengthen our body，and make us strong.(strength)
4．According to the newest media coverage，the newly found evidence uncovered his criminal offence though he tried to cover it.(cover)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．As to the question whether students should carry mobiles to school，opinions vary from person to person.
2．Every classroom is equipped with a computer，through which we can look up the information on different websites.
3．Prior to leaving for China，he has learned some traditional Chinese customs.How wise he is!
4．When you come to China，you can be exposed to the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.
5．Most of the students think highly of this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共20分)
1．自去年他们两人面对面交流了以后，汤姆就已经向他哥哥让步了。(since引导时间状语从句)
Tom has given in to his brother since they had a talk face to face last year.
2．既然你喜欢乒乓球，我想邀请你加入校队。(now that 引导原因状语从句)
Now that you are fond of table tennis，I’d like to invite you to join the school team.
3．互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。(even though引导让步状语从句)
The Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even though they are on opposite sides of the world.
4．这位内敛的学者第一次登上舞台时，一看到观众就惊慌失措。(the first time引导时间状语从句)
The introverted scholar panicked at the sight of the audience the first time he stepped on the stage.
5．过去的十年见证了这个公园是如何从一个植物稀少的地方发展成一个充满绿树和五彩缤纷的花朵的世界的。(无生命名词作主语)
The past ten years witnessed how the park developed from a place with few plants to a world full of green trees and colorful flowers.
Tom is a famous historian in a famous institute who likes to read historical novels such as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.After graduation 1.from college，he went to a research institute and worked as 2.a professor in the department of history.3.Being(be) a visiting scholar，he has studied in many countries.Prior to his retirement，he 4.was sent(send) to Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang which boasts a glorious history to study murals and statues.In the process of research，he found that the 5.themes(theme) of enormous Dunhuang murals were related to religious stories and 6.daily(day) life scenes.The level of artists 7.peaked(peak) in the Tang Dynasty.In response to the destruction of the murals，Tom put forward the restoration stratagem,8.which helped strengthen people’s protection 9.awareness(aware)．He made a video of the 10.repaired(repair) murals and displayed them at a traditional culture Expo，which appealed to people’s attention.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
strengthen v．(使)变强；加强；巩固 (strength n．力量；体力；强项；优势；意志力 strong adj.强壮的)
strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点 build up one’s strength强身健体
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)Angrily，he pulled the wire fence with all his strength(strong)．
(2)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)在线学习有优点也有缺点，要成为明智的在线学习者，我们必须区分不同的在线学习材料。
Online learning has strengths and weaknesses；to be smart online learners，we must distinguish different learning materials online.
(3)(应用文写作之活动安排)为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球、打乒乓球等。
To build up/strengthen our strength，we often hold various kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis.
look up 抬头看；查阅
look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 look up to尊敬；仰视 look back on/upon回忆；回顾 look through浏览；仔细查看
用look短语的正确形式填空
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)I suggest looking through the article and then looking up the new words you come across in the dictionary and you’d better strengthen them after class.
(2)We shouldn’t look down upon/on the disabled；on the contrary，we should respect them.
(3)I like to look back on/upon my high school days，which are the happiest in my life.
(4)The reason why I look up to the scholar is that his works are inspiring.
vary from...to... 从……变化到……；从……到……不等 (vary v．变化；不同 various adj.各种各样的；不同的 variety n．种类；多样性；变化)
·vary with随……变化 vary in在某方面不同 ·a variety of＝varieties of种种的；各种各样的
(1)The scholar in this famous institute says that the variety of things provided to choose from is(be) one of the reasons for shopping too much.
(2)In our department of foreign languages the students vary in height from 150 cm to 170 cm.
(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且，这些活动随季节而变化。
Our Spoken English Club regularly organizes a variety of/varieties of/various meaningful activities，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure.Besides，these activities vary with seasons.
(4)(话题写作之个人情况)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。
I have a number of hobbies，which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano/varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.
用法点拨　“a variety of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；“the variety of＋名词复数”意为“……的种类”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
keep an eye on 留意；留神；照看
have an eye for对……有鉴赏力/识别力 catch one’s eye引起某人的注意 in the eyes of sb/in one’s eyes在某人看来 look sb in the eye直视某人
(1)申请者应该注意提交申请的最后期限。
Applicants should keep an eye on the deadline for submitting applications.
(2)(应用文写作之推荐信)在我看来，我们的班长对艺术作品很有鉴赏力，我坚信他能成为一名合格的博物馆志愿者。
In the eyes of me/In my eyes，our monitor has an eye for artistic works and I firmly believe that he can be a qualified volunteer in the museum.
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我看着大卫的眼睛，强调巨大的挑战会让他变得更强，而不是更弱。
I looked David in the eye and emphasized that enormous challenges could make him stronger rather than weaker.
(4)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)就在那时，一只鸟的叫声引起了我的注意，我好奇地走上前看看那是什么。
It was then that the sounds of a bird caught my eye and I walked forward to see what it was with curiosity.
无生命名词作主语　Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类： ·表示时间、地点等的名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语； ·表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语； ·具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用含有使役意义的动词(如remind，make，let等)作谓语。
(1)The last few years have seen(see) environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.
(2)When he，a genius artist，saw the murals for the first time，words failed(fail) him.
(3)看到这些照片让我想起了我的童年时代。
The sight of these pictures made me remember/reminded me of my childhood.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．cover
(1)The survey covers all aspects of the business. A
(2)Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees. C
(3)The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament. B
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. E
(5)(2022·新课标Ⅰ)Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. D
2．peak
(1)Although she is at the peak of her career，she is pessimistic. B
(2)The climbers made camp halfway up the peak. A
(3)The man touched the peak of his cap. C
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)A good education is the gateway to success.途径；方法
(2)They have reached a crossroads in their relationship.关键时期
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．There were various(vary) reasons why he gave away all his possessions.
2．As far as I know，it is/has been(be) three years since we were reunited with each other last time.
3．The exchange student is looking up the new words in a Chinese-English dictionary.
4．It is anticipated that he doesn’t know the strengths(strength) and weaknesses of the project，so I must remind him.
5．Prior to coming to this city，he had memorized numerous English phrases，which made him proud.
6．By surfing the Internet，Madame White learnt more about the vase dating from the Ming Dynasty.
7．These transparent bags are much more expensive than those bought last week.
8．As we all know，last year witnessed(witness) a sharp increase in university fees.
假如你是李华，某国际学校英语报Cross cultural Communication栏目的负责人，请你写一则通知，呼吁全校学生向专栏投稿，内容包括： 1.栏目简介； 2.稿件要求； 3.投稿方式和截止日期。
完成句子
1．为了增强全体学生的文化自信和民族认同，我校英文报开设了《跨文化交流》栏目。(strengthen)
2．这个栏目有多种形式，从介绍我们当地具有文化特色的历史景点到分享我们自己在国外的旅行经历。(various；vary from...to...；现在分词短语作定语)
3．我们应该对国内外的多元文化有鉴赏力。(have an eye for)
4．所有投稿人都应注意相关要求：您的文章应限制在500字以内，并且必须包括您的班级和姓名。(keep an eye on)
5．机不可失，时不再来。(无生命名词作主语)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Notice
To strengthen the cultural confidence and national identity of all students，the English newspaper of our school has set up a column of Cross-cultural Communication，which is available to both our students and foreign exchange students.
This column has various forms，varying from introducing our local historical sites with cultural characteristics to sharing our own travel experiences in foreign countries.We are supposed to have an eye for diverse cultures at home and abroad.All the contributors should keep an eye on the relevant requirements：Your article should be limited to 500 words and your class and name must be included.You can send an email to englishnewspaper@.The deadline is 5 p．m.this Saturday.
Opportunity never knocks twice.Let’s tell China’s stories and exchange Chinese and foreign cultures together.
School English Newspaper
教材语料整合
亮词 [场景描写]　gateway；oasis；statue；mural；grotto；glorious；enormous；peak；crossroads
[人物描写]　scholar；Sinologist；shepherd；historian；genius
美句 1.Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view.(动作描写) 2．The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.(比喻句) 3．I was amazed by Chinese kung fu，of course—everyone loves kung fu，don’t they？(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　动作描写
恰当的动作描写可以更好地交代人物的身份和地位，表现人物的心理活动，使人物更加立体形象。常见的动作链公式有：
公式1　主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3 I jumped off the helicopter，dashed to my wife and took her into my arms.我跳下直升机，冲向我的妻子，把她抱在怀里。
公式2　主语＋动词1 and 动词2，非谓语动词(可前可后) I stepped onto the stage and stood there，trembling without control. 我走上舞台，站在那里，不由自主地颤抖着。
公式3　主语＋动词，非谓语动词＋and＋非谓语动词(可前可后) The children wandered to the square，chatting and laughing. 孩子们又说又笑地向广场走去。
语料运用　文化交流
There was a time when a neighbor invited Xie Lei and her host family to have dinner during which Xie Lei would like to spread Chinese culture.①Bringing her handmade dumplings，Xie Lei followed her host family and stepped into the neighbor’s house(非谓语动词，主语＋动词1 and 动词2)．②Warmly welcomed，Xie Lei sat down on the sofa，chatting with them heartily about each other’s colorful customs and festivals(非谓语动词，主语＋动词，非谓语动词)．At last，Xie Lei taught them how to make dumplings，which aroused their interest.At 9 pm ③Xie Lei and her host family said goodbye to the neighbor，headed back and talked about the beautiful evening(主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3)．
有一次，一位邻居邀请谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭共进晚餐，在此期间谢蕾想要传播中国文化。谢蕾带着自己亲手包的饺子，跟着寄宿家庭走进了邻居家。谢蕾在热烈的欢迎下，坐在沙发上，兴致勃勃地和他们聊着彼此丰富多彩的风俗和节日。最后，谢蕾教他们如何包饺子，这引起了他们的兴趣。晚上9点，谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭告别了邻居，返回，并谈论这个美好的夜晚。
高考题型组合练39
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Haven’t appreciated art for a long time？Don’t worry，National Centre for the Performing Arts(NCPA) has arranged something really amazing for you.Let’s check what’s on!
Flower Rain on the Silk Road
Place：Opera House
Time：January 23－27,19：00－20：30
Price：￥60－880(click here for specific price for different seats)
About：A classical Chinese dance drama which is to celebrate China-foreign friendship that carries forward the Silk Road spirit of friendly commercial inter-action and win-win cooperation.
The Unicorn Purse
Place：Main Theatre
Time：January 23,19：30－20：30
Price：￥160－600(click here for specific price for different seats)
About：Jingju，or Beijing Opera；an interesting story about how a man named Yang Yanzhao saves the princess and marries her in Liao Dynasty.
Minimalist Creation
Place：Multi-functional Theatre
Time：January 25－27,14：30－15：30,19：30－20：30
Price：￥328
About：Magic performances with the unexpected combinations such as，a plastic bag，a plastic pipe，and other common items in daily life，which will make children have a period of warm and fun time.
New Year’s Concert of Beijing
Place：Concert Hall
Time：January 26－27,19：30－21：10
Price：￥100－600(click here for specific price for different seats)
About：Altogether 20 pieces of masterpieces，conducted by Li Bowei.
Kindly Reminder
Except for some children’s plays，it’s not allowed for children with height of 120cm or under to enter the concert hall.
Box Office
North Gate of NCPA，No.2 West Chang’an Avenue，Xicheng District，Beijing，P.R.China
Tickets collection hours
9：30－19：30 on performance day
9：30－18：00 for days without performance
Booking Line
＋86 10 6655 0000
Booking Hours
9：30－18：00(CST) Monday to Friday
Seating Chart
We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information.However，the hours，prices，and program details may vary due to last minute changes.
语篇解读　这是一篇应用文，介绍了国家大剧院一月上演节目的简况以及订票信息。
1．Which one is the most suitable for a family with kids
A．Flower Rain on the Silk Road.
B．The Unicorn Purse.
C．Minimalist Creation.
D．New Year’s Concert of Beijing.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Minimalist Creation部分中“which will make children have a period of warm and fun time”以及Kindly Reminder部分“Except for some children’s plays，it’s not allowed for children with height of 120cm or under to enter the concert hall”可知，只有Minimalist Creation最适合有孩子的家庭观看，故选C。
2．How much do you have to pay at least to enjoy pure music
A．￥60. B．￥100.
C．￥160. D．￥328.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据New Year’s Concert of Beijing部分中“Price：￥100－600”可知，要欣赏纯音乐，只能去北京新年音乐会，票价在100－600元之间，最低票价为100 元，故选B。
3．Which information will not change before the beginning of a play
A．Contact ways. B．Lasting hours.
C．Ticket prices. D．Program details.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据Seating Chart部分“We make every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information.However，the hours，prices，and program details may vary due to last minute changes.”可知，信息在戏剧开始前不会改变的是联系方式，故选A。
B
(2023·浙江1月，C)
A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses.It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together.This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem.As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it：“There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.A computer works with symbols.Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another.But it does not specify what those symbols mean.Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols.But for humans, meaning is everything.When we communicate, we communicate meaning.What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是一款名为Project Debater的软件程序在辩论赛中击败了人类对手。
4．Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph
A．To explain the use of a software program.
B．To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C．To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D．To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，Project Debater在一场公开辩论赛中击败了包括以色列的前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia在内的人类对手，由此推知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。
5．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Arguments. B．Doubts.
C．Errors. D．Differences.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段前三句可知，Project Debater的一些缺点会使它犯一些人类不会犯的错误，再结合画线词前的such可知，wrinkles指的就是前面提到的errors。故选C。
6．What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond
A．Create rules.
B．Comprehend meaning.
C．Talk fluently.
D．Identify difficult words.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning...to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义。故选B。
7．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B．The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C．Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D．Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。
C(★)
Timothy was exhausted for he worked extended hours.Although earning a low wage and handling ill-mannered customers，he always put serving those who sat at his tables well on the front burner of his mind.He went about his daily duties carefully，putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.
Usually as night deepened preparing to close the business，he would notice a couple of customers walk in，sit down and order drinks.Most of the crew had left by closing time，but Timothy stayed to serve.Eventually，the last round was ordered and he gave them the bill.The minimum tip was suggested on the receipt.“Tomorrow will be better，” he murmured.
But luck wouldn’t always smile on him.Evening approaching，a group of teenagers stepped in.Thankfully，they were polite and respectful.Their cheerful behavior began to affect him.As always，he did his best to make their dining experience a pleasant one.
Time dragged on and they finished their drinks.He placed the bill on the table，accompanied with some candies.The group placed their notes on the receipt and left smiling.When he returned to clear the table，he was astonished.A tip of $3 was sitting there，staring at him，but their total bill amounted to $100.He’d gone above and beyond to serve them.How could they be so rude
Later that week，he battled to brush off the awkward memories.He arrived at work and expected it to be like any other day，but there was something left on the desk for him，a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached，in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar.Everything suddenly made sense.
Timothy thumbed up what they did with a big grin and he was so moved by their gesture that he uploaded a picture of the letter sharing their admirable efforts.The reaction was more than positive.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群年轻人由于不了解小费文化，一开始给的小费太少，让在餐厅工作的Timothy十分尴尬，还好最后年轻人认识到了自己的问题，写信解释了原因。
8．What did Timothy focus on in his job
A．Getting more tips.
B．Working longer hours.
C．Providing better service.
D．Being a nicer colleague.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...he always put serving those who sat at his tables well on the front burner of his mind.”可知，Timothy的工作重点是提供更好的服务。故选C。
9．What made the teenagers leave a tip of $3
A．Dissatisfaction with the drinks.
B．Ignorance of the tipping culture.
C．Gratefulness to Timothy.
D．Misunderstanding of the bill.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“...in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar.”可知，这些青少年留下了3美元的小费是因为不了解小费文化。故选B。
10．Which of the following best describes Timothy
A．Patient and humorous.
B．Positive and devoted.
C．Generous and tolerant.
D．Ambitious and creative.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He went about his daily duties carefully，putting on a smiling face as customers complained about the food or questioned the bill.”以及第二段第二句和第三段末句可推知，Timothy是个积极、对待工作很投入的人。故选B。
11．What can we learn from the teenagers
A．One good turn deserves another.
B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Apologies make for harmony.
D．It’s good to make things right.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“a two-page handwritten letter from the teenagers with $18 attached，in which they explained they were unaware of how to tip appropriately due to it being their first time in this bar.Everything suddenly made sense.”可推知，从年轻人的经历中我们可以得知：纠正错误是件好事。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·浙江杭州期末)
Everybody seems to have a unique way to learn a language.However，we all come to the same result of speaking at most two languages fluently. 1 Unbelievable as it may sound，those polyglots(通晓多种语言者) have a good command of more than two languages，some of whom even can speak eight or more kinds of languages.
You may wonder how they do that and what their secrets are.But the fact is that they simply love learning languages.The one thing they all have in common is that they just find ways to enjoy the language-learning process. 2
You may have seen their faces when they are showing their colorful grammar charts and their carefully handmade flash cards，and their statistics about learning vocabulary using apps or even how they love to cook based on recipes in a foreign language. 3 But they always make sure it’s something that they personally enjoy.
4 Polyglots simply found ways on how to enjoy the process and how to turn language learning from a boring school subject into a pleasant activity which you don’t mind doing every day.
So if you’ve also tried to learn a language and you gave up，thinking it’s too difficult or you don’t have the language talent，give it another try. 5 Maybe you’re also just one method away from becoming a polyglot.
A．All of them use different methods.
B．No wonder they can get the hang of so many languages.
C．They are talking about language learning as if it is great fun.
D．Don’t be afraid that you may fail in the end and just try again.
E．Everyone is no talents and no one has shortcut to learning languages.
F．But actually there exists another kind of language learners called polyglot.
G．Maybe you’re just one enjoyable method away from learning that language fluently.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。学习语言没有捷径，通晓多种语言者也只是把语言学习从枯燥的学校课程变成一种每天都做的愉快的活动。
1．答案　F
解析　根据前文“However，we all come to the same result of speaking at most two languages fluently.”可知我们最多能流利地说两种语言，下文则介绍了通晓多种语言者甚至可以说八种以上的语言。F项与前文之间能形成转折关系，且引出下文的通晓多种语言者。故选F。
2．答案　C
解析　根据前文“The one thing they all have in common is that they just find ways to enjoy the language-learning process.”可知，C项与前文语意一致，且前文的“enjoy”和选项中的“great fun”为同义词复现。故选C。
3．答案　A
解析　本段前文提到了通晓多种语言者会使用多种语言学习方法，下文“But they always make sure it’s something that they personally enjoy.”则介绍了这些人的共同点。由此可知A项能总结上文，且与后句形成转折，符合语境。故选A。
4．答案　E
解析　根据下文“Polyglots simply found ways on how to...”可知，通晓多种语言者只是找对了方法，E项指出没有人是天才，而且学习语言没有捷径，前后能形成递进关系。故选E。
5．答案　G
解析　根据下文“Maybe you’re also just one method away from becoming a polyglot.”可知G项与下文句式一致，同为鼓励读者不要放弃，而要找到学习语言的方法。前后语意有“also”递进。故选G。(共82张PPT)
选择性必修第四册
Unit 3 The world meets
内容索引
基础知识排查
核心考点突破
写作能力提升
基础知识达标
>
<
第一部分
基础知识排查
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1
2
3
4
gateway n.通向……的门户
oasis n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
grotto n.小洞穴
testimony n.证据；证明
mural n.壁画
5
6
7
8
Apsaras n.飞天
immortal n.神
heavenly adj.天国的
Taoist priest 道士
scroll n.纸卷，卷轴
9
10
11
12
13
ceramics n.陶瓷制品
crossroads n.活动中心，汇集地
expo n.展览会，博览会
I Ching 《易经》
The Analects 《论语》
14
15
16
17
18
Sinologist n.汉学家
shepherd n.牧羊人
chamber n.房间
kingdom n.王国
19
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1
2
3
boast v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
statue n.雕像；塑像
peak n.高峰，顶点
v.达到巅峰
department n.(大学的)系，部
4
5
6
temple n.庙宇，寺院
tune n.曲调，旋律
genius n.天才，天赋
enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
8
7
glorious adj.辉煌的
→glory n.光荣；辉煌
religious adj.宗教的
→religion n.宗教
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1
2
strengthen v.(使)变强；加强
→strength n.力量；体力；优势
→strong adj.强壮的
3
coverage n.覆盖范围；新闻报道
→cover v.遮盖；包含；报道；支付
→covering n.覆盖物
→uncover v.揭发
4
scholar n.学者
→scholarship n.奖学金；学问
institute n.学院；研究院
→institution n.机构；习俗；制度
5
6
historian n.历史学家
→history n.历史
→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的
→historical adj.(有关)历史的
7
prior adj.先前的；较早的
→priority n.优先事项；优先(权)
romance n.传奇故事
→romantic adj.富于幻想的；浪漫的
→romanticism n.浪漫主义
8
9
stratagem n.计谋，策略
→strategy n.战略；策略
→strategic adj.战略性的
10
[拔高词汇]
disclose /d s'kl z/ vt.(formal)揭露；透露；公开
expel / k'spel/ vt.除名；驱逐；排出
confidential / k nf 'den l/
adj.机密的；隐秘的；受信任的
fortnight /'f tna t/ n.两星期
1
3
2
4
allowance / 'la ns/ n.津贴；补助；零用钱
suspicious /s 'sp s/ adj.可疑的；怀疑的
kneel /ni l/ vi.跪着；跪下
(knelt/nelt/，knelt or kneeled，kneeled)
5
7
6
presently /'prezntli/ adv.马上；现在；此刻
elbow /'elb / n.肘；肘部
vt.用肘推、挤
squeeze /skwi z/ vi.& vt.挤；捏
8
9
10
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1
2
prior to 在……之前，先于
look up 抬头看；查阅……
be testimony to ……的证明
vary from...to... 从……变化到……
a stone’s throw 一箭之地；附近
date from/date back to 追溯到；始于；起源于
3
4
5
6
7
8
seal up 封闭；密封
fade from 从……逐渐消失
be exposed to 接触；面临着；暴露于
keep an eye on 留意；留神；照看
on the whole 总的来说；大体上
9
10
11
12
13
think highly of 高度赞扬
strike a chord 引起共鸣
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city.(even though引导让步状语从句)
尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
2
Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.(since引导时间状语从句)
2017年，51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地，参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会，敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心。
3
I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it，and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.(the first time引导时间状语从句)
我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就爱上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
4
Now that this dream has come true，my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.(now that引导原因状语从句)
既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
5
Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.(无生命名词作主语)
每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.gateway n.________________
2.oasis n._______________
3.grotto n._______
4.testimony n.___________
5.mural n._____
6.scroll n.___________
词汇默写
通向……的门户
(沙漠中的)绿洲
小洞穴
证据；证明
壁画
纸卷，卷轴
7.ceramics n.__________
8.crossroads n.__________________
9.expo n._______________
10.shepherd n.________
词汇默写
陶瓷制品
活动中心，汇集地
展览会，博览会
牧羊人
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.雕像；塑像
2. v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
3. n.高峰，顶点
v达到巅峰
4. n.曲调，旋律
5. n.庙宇，寺院
6. n.天才，天赋
statue
boast
peak
tune
temple
genius
7. n.(大学的)系，部
8. adj.巨大的，庞大的
department
enormous
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. n.历史学家
→ n.历史
→ adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的
→ adj.(有关)历史的
2. n.学者
→ n.奖学金；学问
historian
history
historic
historical
scholar
scholarship
3. n.学院；研究院
→ n.机构；习俗；制度
4. n.传奇故事
→ adj.富于幻想的；浪漫的
→ n.浪漫主义
institute
institution
romance
romantic
romanticism
5. n.计谋，策略
→ n.战略；策略
→ adj.战略性的
stratagem
strategy
strategic
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1.disclose vt.__________________
2.allowance n.___________________
3.suspicious adj._______________
4.elbow n.__________
vt.___________
5.squeeze vi.& vt.________
揭露；透露；公开
津贴；补助；零用钱
可疑的；怀疑的
肘；肘部
用肘推、挤
挤；捏
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. ……的证明
2. 追溯到；始于；起源于
3. 从……逐渐消失
4. 总的来说；大体上
5. 引起共鸣
6. 留意；留神；照看
be testimony to
date from/date back to
fade from
on the whole
strike a chord
keep an eye on
Ⅰ.词形变化填空
1.Those medals stood for his past and often reminded him of his
accomplishments.(glory)
2.Although he doesn’t believe in any ，he respects others’
freedom.(religion)
3.As we all know，taking exercise can our body，and make us .(strength)
语境运用
glory
glorious
religion
religious
strengthen
strong
4.According to the newest media ，the newly found evidence
his criminal offence though he tried to it.(cover)
coverage
uncovered
cover
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.As to the question whether students should carry mobiles to school，opinions person person.
2.Every classroom is equipped with a computer，through which we can
the information on different websites.
3. leaving for China，he has learned some traditional Chinese customs.How wise he is!
prior to，be exposed to，think highly of，vary from...to...，look up
vary from
look up
Prior to
to
4.When you come to China，you can the Chinese language and the Chinese culture.
5.Most of the students this exhibition，which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China.
prior to，be exposed to，think highly of，vary from...to...，look up
be exposed to
think highly of
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写
1.自去年他们两人面对面交流了以后，汤姆就已经向他哥哥让步了。(since引导时间状语从句)
since they had a talk face to face last year.
2.既然你喜欢乒乓球，我想邀请你加入校队。(now that 引导原因状语从句)
，I’d like to invite you to join the school team.
Tom has given in to his brother
Now that you are fond of table tennis
3.互联网使朋友和家人能够很容易地保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。(even though引导让步状语从句)
The Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily .
even though they are on opposite sides of the world
4.这位内敛的学者第一次登上舞台时，一看到观众就惊慌失措。(the first time引导时间状语从句)
The introverted scholar panicked at the sight of the audience __________
.
time he stepped on the stage
the first
5.过去的十年见证了这个公园是如何从一个植物稀少的地方发展成一个充满绿树和五彩缤纷的花朵的世界的。(无生命名词作主语)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The past ten years witnessed how the park developed from a place with few plants to a world full of green trees and colorful flowers.
Tom is a famous historian in a famous institute who likes to read historical novels such as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.After graduation 1. college，he went to a research institute and worked as 2. professor in the department of history.3. (be) a visiting scholar，he has studied in many countries.Prior to his retirement，he 4.__________(send) to Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang which boasts a glorious history to study murals and statues.In the process of research，
from
a
Being
was sent
he found that the 5. (theme) of enormous Dunhuang murals were related to religious stories and 6. (day) life scenes.The level of artists 7. (peak) in the Tang Dynasty.In response to the destruction of the murals，Tom put forward the restoration stratagem,8. helped strengthen people’s protection 9. (aware).He made a video of the 10. (repair) murals and displayed them at a traditional culture Expo，which appealed to people’s attention.
themes
daily
peaked
which
awareness
repaired
返 回
>
<
第二部分
核心考点突破
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
v.(使)变强；加强；巩固 (strength n.力量；体力；强项；优势；意志力 strong adj.强壮的)
strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点
build up one’s strength强身健体
1
strengthen
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)Angrily，he pulled the wire fence with all his
(strong).
strength
(2)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)在线学习有优点也有缺点，要成为明智的在线学习者，我们必须区分不同的在线学习材料。
；to be smart online learners，we must distinguish different learning materials online.
Online learning has strengths and weaknesses
(3)(应用文写作之活动安排)为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球、打乒乓球等。
，we often hold various kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis.
To build up/strengthen our strength
抬头看；查阅
look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
look up to尊敬；仰视
look back on/upon回忆；回顾
look through浏览；仔细查看
4
look up
用look短语的正确形式填空
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)I suggest the article and then
the new words you come across in the dictionary and you’d better strengthen them after class.
(2)We shouldn’t the disabled；on the contrary，we should respect them.
(3)I like to my high school days，which are the happiest in my life.
(4)The reason why I the scholar is that his works are inspiring.
looking through
looking up
look down upon/on
look back on/upon
look up to
从……变化到……；从……到……不等 (vary v.变化；不同 various adj.各种各样的；不同的 variety n.种类；多样性；变化)
3
vary from...
to...
(1)The scholar in this famous institute says that the variety of things provided to choose from (be) one of the reasons for shopping too much.
(2)In our department of foreign languages the students vary height
150 cm to 170 cm.
·vary with随……变化
vary in在某方面不同
·a variety of＝varieties of种种的；各种各样的
is
in
from
(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且，这些活动随季节而变化。
Our Spoken English Club regularly ________________________________
，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure.Besides，these activities .
organizes a variety of/varieties
of/various meaningful activities
vary with seasons
(4)(话题写作之个人情况)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。
I have a number of hobbies，_____________________________________
.
用法点拨　“a variety of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；“the variety of＋名词复数”意为“……的种类”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
which vary from playing basketball to
playing the piano/varying from playing basketball to playing the piano
留意；留神；照看
have an eye for对……有鉴赏力/识别力
catch one’s eye引起某人的注意
in the eyes of sb/in one’s eyes在某人看来
look sb in the eye直视某人
4
keep an eye on
(1)申请者应该注意提交申请的最后期限。
Applicants should for submitting applications.
(2)(应用文写作之推荐信)在我看来，我们的班长对艺术作品很有鉴赏力，我坚信他能成为一名合格的博物馆志愿者。
，our monitor ________________________
and I firmly believe that he can be a qualified volunteer in the museum.
keep an eye on the deadline
In the eyes of me/In my eyes
has an eye for artistic works
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我看着大卫的眼睛，强调巨大的挑战会让他变得更强，而不是更弱。
I and emphasized that enormous challenges could make him stronger rather than weaker.
(4)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)就在那时，一只鸟的叫声引起了我的注意，我好奇地走上前看看那是什么。
It was then that the sounds of a bird and I walked forward to see what it was with curiosity.
looked David in the eye
caught my eye
5
无生命名词作主语
Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类：
·表示时间、地点等的名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语；
·表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语；
·具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用含有使役意义的动词(如remind，make，let等)作谓语。
(1)The last few years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.
(2)When he，a genius artist，saw the murals for the first time，words
(fail) him.
(3)看到这些照片让我想起了我的童年时代。
The sight of these pictures my childhood.
have seen
failed
返 回
made me remember/reminded me of
基础知识达标
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
>
<
第三部分
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.cover
(1)The survey covers all aspects of the business.
(2)Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.
(3)The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.
A.v.涉及　B.v.报道　C.v.足以支付；够付　D.v.占(一片面积)　E.n.封面，封皮
____
____
____
A
B
C
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
(5)(2022·新课标Ⅰ)Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
A.v.涉及　B.v.报道　C.v.足以支付；够付　D.v.占(一片面积)　E.n.封面，封皮
____
_____
E
D
2.peak
(1)Although she is at the peak of her career，she is pessimistic.
(2)The climbers made camp halfway up the peak.
(3)The man touched the peak of his cap.
A.山峰　B.顶峰，顶点　C.帽舌
____
____
____
A
B
C
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思
____________
_________
(1)A good education is the gateway to success.
(2)They have reached a crossroads in their relationship.
途径；方法
关键时期
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.There were (vary) reasons why he gave away all his possessions.
2.As far as I know，it (be) three years since we were reunited with each other last time.
3.The exchange student is looking the new words in a Chinese-English dictionary.
4.It is anticipated that he doesn’t know the (strength) and weaknesses of the project，so I must remind him.
various
is/has been
up
strengths
5.Prior coming to this city，he had memorized numerous English phrases，which made him proud.
6.By surfing the Internet，Madame White learnt more about the vase dating the Ming Dynasty.
7.These transparent bags are much more expensive than bought last week.
8.As we all know，last year (witness) a sharp increase in university fees.
to
from
those
witnessed
返 回
>
<
第四部分
写作能力提升
假如你是李华，某国际学校英语报Cross cultural Communication栏目的负责人，请你写一则通知，呼吁全校学生向专栏投稿，内容包括：
1.栏目简介；
2.稿件要求；
3.投稿方式和截止日期。
跨文化交流
完成句子
1.为了增强全体学生的文化自信和民族认同，我校英文报开设了《跨文化交流》栏目。(strengthen)
_____________________________________________________________
2.这个栏目有多种形式，从介绍我们当地具有文化特色的历史景点到分享我们自己在国外的旅行经历。(various；vary from...to...；现在分词短语作定语)
_____________________________________________________________
3.我们应该对国内外的多元文化有鉴赏力。(have an eye for)
_____________________________________________________________
4.所有投稿人都应注意相关要求：您的文章应限制在500字以内，并且必须包括您的班级和姓名。(keep an eye on)
_____________________________________________________________
5.机不可失，时不再来。(无生命名词作主语)
_____________________________________________________________
完成句子
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
组句成篇
Notice
To strengthen the cultural confidence and national identity of all students，the English newspaper of our school has set up a column of Cross-cultural Communication，which is available to both our students and foreign exchange students.
参考范文
This column has various forms，varying from introducing our local historical sites with cultural characteristics to sharing our own travel experiences in foreign countries.We are supposed to have an eye for diverse cultures at home and abroad.All the contributors should keep an eye on the relevant requirements：Your article should be limited to 500 words and your class and name must be included.You can send an email to englishnewspaper@.The deadline is 5 p.m.this Saturday.
参考范文
Opportunity never knocks twice.Let’s tell China’s stories and exchange Chinese and foreign cultures together.
School English Newspaper
参考范文
教材语料整合
亮词 [场景描写]　gateway；oasis；statue；mural；grotto；glorious；enormous；peak；crossroads
[人物描写]　scholar；Sinologist；shepherd；historian；genius
美句 1.Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view.(动作描写)
2.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.(比喻句)
3.I was amazed by Chinese kung fu，of course—everyone loves kung fu，don’t they？(情感描写)
动作描写
拓展语料积累
恰当的动作描写可以更好地交代人物的身份和地位，表现人物的心理活动，使人物更加立体形象。常见的动作链公式有：
公式1　主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3 I jumped off the helicopter，dashed to my wife and took her into my arms.我跳下直升机，冲向我的妻子，把她抱在怀里。
拓展语料积累
公式2　主语＋动词1 and 动词2，非谓语动词(可前可后) I stepped onto the stage and stood there，trembling without control.
我走上舞台，站在那里，不由自主地颤抖着。
公式3　主语＋动词，非谓语动词＋and＋非谓语动词(可前可后) The children wandered to the square，chatting and laughing.
孩子们又说又笑地向广场走去。
There was a time when a neighbor invited Xie Lei and her host family to have dinner during which Xie Lei would like to spread Chinese culture.①_____________________________________________________
(非谓语动词，主语＋动词1 and 动词2).②______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(非谓语动词，主语＋动词，非谓语动词).
语料运用
文化交流
Bringing her handmade dumplings，Xie Lei followed her host
family and stepped into the neighbor’s house
Warmly welcomed，Xie Lei sat down on the sofa，
chatting with them heartily about each other’s colorful customs and
festivals
At last，Xie Lei taught them how to make dumplings，which aroused their interest.At 9 pm ③_________________________________________
(主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3).
语料运用
Xie Lei and her host family said goodbye to the
neighbor，headed back and talked about the beautiful evening
有一次，一位邻居邀请谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭共进晚餐，在此期间谢蕾想要传播中国文化。谢蕾带着自己亲手包的饺子，跟着寄宿家庭走进了邻居家。谢蕾在热烈的欢迎下，坐在沙发上，兴致勃勃地和他们聊着彼此丰富多彩的风俗和节日。最后，谢蕾教他们如何包饺子，这引起了他们的兴趣。晚上9点，谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭告别了邻居，返回，并谈论这个美好的夜晚。
返 回
语料运用Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．gateway n．通向……的门户
2．oasis n．(沙漠中的)绿洲
3．grotto n．小洞穴
4．testimony n．证据；证明
5．mural n．壁画
6．Apsaras n．飞天
7．immortal n．神
8．heavenly adj.天国的
9．Taoist priest道士
10．scroll n．纸卷，卷轴
11．ceramics n．陶瓷制品
12．crossroads n．活动中心，汇集地
13．expo n．展览会，博览会
14．I Ching 《易经》
15．The Analects 《论语》
16．Sinologist n．汉学家
17．shepherd n．牧羊人
18．chamber n．房间
19．kingdom n．王国
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．boast v．(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
2．statue n．雕像；塑像
3．peak n．高峰，顶点 v．达到巅峰
4．department n．(大学的)系，部
5．temple n．庙宇，寺院
6．tune n．曲调，旋律
7．genius n．天才，天赋
8．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．glorious adj.辉煌的→glory n．光荣；辉煌
2．religious adj.宗教的→religion n．宗教
3．strengthen v．(使)变强；加强→strength n．力量；体力；优势→strong adj.强壮的
4．coverage n．覆盖范围；新闻报道→cover v．遮盖；包含；报道；支付→covering n．覆盖物→uncover v．揭发
5．scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学问
6．institute n．学院；研究院→institution n．机构；习俗；制度
7．historian n．历史学家→history n．历史→historic adj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的→historical adj.(有关)历史的
8．prior adj.先前的；较早的→priority n．优先事项；优先(权)
9．romance n．传奇故事→romantic adj.富于幻想的；浪漫的→romanticism n．浪漫主义
10．stratagem n．计谋，策略→strategy n．战略；策略→strategic adj.战略性的
1．disclose /dIs'kl z/ vt.(formal)揭露；透露；公开
2．expel /Ik'spel/ vt.除名；驱逐；排出
3．confidential / k nfI'den l/ adj.机密的；隐秘的；受信任的
4．fortnight /'f tnaIt/ n．两星期
5．allowance / 'la ns/ n．津贴；补助；零用钱
6．suspicious /s 'spI s/ adj.可疑的；怀疑的
7．kneel /ni l/ vi.(knelt/nelt/，knelt or kneeled，kneeled)跪着；跪下
8．presently /'prezntli/ adv.马上；现在；此刻
9．elbow /'elb / n．肘；肘部 vt.用肘推、挤
10．squeeze /skwi z/ vi.& vt.挤；捏
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．prior to在……之前，先于
2．look up抬头看；查阅……
3．be testimony to ……的证明
4．vary from...to...从……变化到……
5．a stone’s throw一箭之地；附近
6．date from/date back to追溯到；始于；起源于
7．seal up封闭；密封
8．fade from从……逐渐消失
9．be exposed to接触；面临着；暴露于
10．keep an eye on留意；留神；照看
11．on the whole总的来说；大体上
12．think highly of高度赞扬
13．strike a chord引起共鸣
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city.(even though引导让步状语从句)尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
2．Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.(since引导时间状语从句)2017年，51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地，参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会，敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心。
3．I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it，and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.(the first time引导时间状语从句)
我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就爱上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。
4．Now that this dream has come true，my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.(now that引导原因状语从句)既然这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标是翻译《三国演义》。
5．Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.(无生命名词作主语)每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
Tom is a famous historian in a famous institute who likes to read historical novels such as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.After graduation 1.____________ college，he went to a research institute and worked as 2.____________ professor in the department of history.3.____________(be) a visiting scholar，he has studied in many countries.Prior to his retirement，he 4.____________(send) to Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang which boasts a glorious history to study murals and statues.In the process of research，he found that the 5.____________(theme) of enormous Dunhuang murals were related to religious stories and 6.____________(day) life scenes.The level of artists 7.____________(peak) in the Tang Dynasty.In response to the destruction of the murals，Tom put forward the restoration stratagem,8.____________ helped strengthen people’s protection 9.____________(aware)．He made a video of the 10.____________(repair) murals and displayed them at a traditional culture Expo，which appealed to people’s attention.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
strengthen v．(使)变强；加强；巩固 (strength n．力量；体力；强项；优势；意志力 strong adj.强壮的)
strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点 build up one’s strength强身健体
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)Angrily，he pulled the wire fence with all his ____________(strong)．
(2)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)在线学习有优点也有缺点，要成为明智的在线学习者，我们必须区分不同的在线学习材料。
________________________________________________；to be smart online learners，we must distinguish different learning materials online.
(3)(应用文写作之活动安排)为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球、打乒乓球等。
____________________________________，we often hold various kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis.
look up 抬头看；查阅
look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 look up to尊敬；仰视 look back on/upon回忆；回顾 look through浏览；仔细查看
用look短语的正确形式填空
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)I suggest ____________ the article and then ____________ the new words you come across in the dictionary and you’d better strengthen them after class.
(2)We shouldn’t ________________ the disabled；on the contrary，we should respect them.
(3)I like to ________________ my high school days，which are the happiest in my life.
(4)The reason why I ________________ the scholar is that his works are inspiring.
vary from...to... 从……变化到……；从……到……不等 (vary v．变化；不同 various adj.各种各样的；不同的 variety n．种类；多样性；变化)
·vary with随……变化 vary in在某方面不同 ·a variety of＝varieties of种种的；各种各样的
(1)The scholar in this famous institute says that the variety of things provided to choose from ____________(be) one of the reasons for shopping too much.
(2)In our department of foreign languages the students vary ____________ height ____________ 150 cm to 170 cm.
(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)我们的英语口语俱乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动，鼓励我们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且，这些活动随季节而变化。
Our Spoken English Club regularly _____________________________________，encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure.Besides，these activities ________________.
(4)(话题写作之个人情况)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。
I have a number of hobbies，___________________________________________________.
用法点拨　“a variety of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；“the variety of＋名词复数”意为“……的种类”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
keep an eye on 留意；留神；照看
have an eye for对……有鉴赏力/识别力 catch one’s eye引起某人的注意 in the eyes of sb/in one’s eyes在某人看来 look sb in the eye直视某人
(1)申请者应该注意提交申请的最后期限。
Applicants should ______________________ for submitting applications.
(2)(应用文写作之推荐信)在我看来，我们的班长对艺术作品很有鉴赏力，我坚信他能成为一名合格的博物馆志愿者。
________________________，our monitor ________________________ and I firmly believe that he can be a qualified volunteer in the museum.
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我看着大卫的眼睛，强调巨大的挑战会让他变得更强，而不是更弱。
I ________ and emphasized that enormous challenges could make him stronger rather than weaker.
(4)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)就在那时，一只鸟的叫声引起了我的注意，我好奇地走上前看看那是什么。
It was then that the sounds of a bird ______________ and I walked forward to see what it was with curiosity.
无生命名词作主语　Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well-received.每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，并且它们很受欢迎。
无生命名词作主语是一种拟人的手法，用来增添语言色彩，可分为以下几类： ·表示时间、地点等的名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语； ·表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语； ·具有行为和动作意义的名词作主语，常用含有使役意义的动词(如remind，make，let等)作谓语。
(1)The last few years ____________(see) environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.
(2)When he，a genius artist，saw the murals for the first time，words ____________(fail) him.
(3)看到这些照片让我想起了我的童年时代。
The sight of these pictures ____________________________________ my childhood.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．cover
(1)The survey covers all aspects of the business.________
(2)Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.________
(3)The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.________
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.________
(5)(2022·新课标Ⅰ)Covering an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.________
2．peak
(1)Although she is at the peak of her career，she is pessimistic.________
(2)The climbers made camp halfway up the peak.________
(3)The man touched the peak of his cap.________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)A good education is the gateway to success.____________________
(2)They have reached a crossroads in their relationship.____________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．There were ____________(vary) reasons why he gave away all his possessions.
2．As far as I know，it __________(be) three years since we were reunited with each other last time.
3．The exchange student is looking ____________ the new words in a Chinese-English dictionary.
4．It is anticipated that he doesn’t know the _______(strength) and weaknesses of the project，so I must remind him.
5．Prior ____________ coming to this city，he had memorized numerous English phrases，which made him proud.
6．By surfing the Internet，Madame White learnt more about the vase dating __________ the Ming Dynasty.
7．These transparent bags are much more expensive than ____________ bought last week.
8．As we all know，last year ____________(witness) a sharp increase in university fees.
假如你是李华，某国际学校英语报Cross-cultural Communication栏目的负责人，请你写一则通知，呼吁全校学生向专栏投稿，内容包括： 1.栏目简介； 2.稿件要求； 3.投稿方式和截止日期。
完成句子
1．为了增强全体学生的文化自信和民族认同，我校英文报开设了《跨文化交流》栏目。(strengthen)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．这个栏目有多种形式，从介绍我们当地具有文化特色的历史景点到分享我们自己在国外的旅行经历。(various；vary from...to...；现在分词短语作定语)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．我们应该对国内外的多元文化有鉴赏力。(have an eye for)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．所有投稿人都应注意相关要求：您的文章应限制在500字以内，并且必须包括您的班级和姓名。(keep an eye on)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．机不可失，时不再来。(无生命名词作主语)
_______________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
教材语料整合
亮词 [场景描写]　gateway；oasis；statue；mural；grotto；glorious；enormous；peak；crossroads
[人物描写]　scholar；Sinologist；shepherd；historian；genius
美句 1.Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view.(动作描写) 2．The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.(比喻句) 3．I was amazed by Chinese kung fu，of course—everyone loves kung fu，don’t they？(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　动作描写
恰当的动作描写可以更好地交代人物的身份和地位，表现人物的心理活动，使人物更加立体形象。常见的动作链公式有：
公式1　主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3 I jumped off the helicopter，dashed to my wife and took her into my arms.我跳下直升机，冲向我的妻子，把她抱在怀里。
公式2　主语＋动词1 and 动词2，非谓语动词(可前可后) I stepped onto the stage and stood there，trembling without control. 我走上舞台，站在那里，不由自主地颤抖着。
公式3　主语＋动词，非谓语动词＋and＋非谓语动词(可前可后) The children wandered to the square，chatting and laughing. 孩子们又说又笑地向广场走去。
语料运用　文化交流
There was a time when a neighbor invited Xie Lei and her host family to have dinner during which Xie Lei would like to spread Chinese culture.①____________________________(非谓语动词，主语＋动词1 and 动词2)．②______________________________________________(非谓语动词，主语＋动词，非谓语动词)．At last，Xie Lei taught them how to make dumplings，which aroused their interest.At 9 pm ③__________________________________________(主语＋动词1，动词2 and 动词3)．
有一次，一位邻居邀请谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭共进晚餐，在此期间谢蕾想要传播中国文化。谢蕾带着自己亲手包的饺子，跟着寄宿家庭走进了邻居家。谢蕾在热烈的欢迎下，坐在沙发上，兴致勃勃地和他们聊着彼此丰富多彩的风俗和节日。最后，谢蕾教他们如何包饺子，这引起了他们的兴趣。晚上9点，谢蕾和她的寄宿家庭告别了邻居，返回，并谈论这个美好的夜晚。

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