资源简介

英语
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分)
第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5 分,满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Amazon
The Amazon River, the bas in of which covers 2.3 million square miles, is incredibly biodiverse with over 30,000 species of plants and 1,800 species of birds. It plays an important role in adjusting the climate in North and South America. The River and its forests are threatened by human activity, primary pollution and rapid resource depletion (损耗). The Office of the American States Department of Sustainable Development is working to manage the threats.
The Mississippi
The Mississippi rises in western Minnesota and flows south for 2,530 miles into the Gulf of Mexico. Millions of people in over 50 cities use water from the Mississippi, and the river is also used for shipping and agriculture. Hundreds of animal species, including 60% of North America's birds, call the area around the Mississippi River home, but river pollution and shoreline habitat destruction threaten to displace them. Fortunately, many projects and organizations are devoted to its conservation.
The Danube
The Danube River begins in western Germany, flowing over 1,775 miles into the Black Sea. It spans 19 countries. The Danube features a richly diverse ecosystem, hosting 55 different species of fish. Cities across Europe use the Danube for power generation and agriculture, and there are more than 700 dams in total. Unfortunately, this river is overfished and heavily polluted. The International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River was established in 1998 to manage its conservation.
The Mekong
The Mekong River is a necessary part of Southeast Asia's landscape, culture, and economy. Also called the Lancang River, it starts in China, stretching over 2,850 miles through Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Its basin provides more than 65million people with food, drinking water, power, and transportation. Dams and power plants are harming Mekong's ecosystems. Organizations such as Conservation International are working to protect the river by advocating for its sustainable development.
1. Birds are affected most around .
A. The Amazon B. The Mississippi C. The Danube D. The Mekong
2. How many fish species does the Danube host
A.70. B.65. C.55. D.50.
3. What do that four rivers have in common
A. They contribute to power production.
B. They How through multiple countries.
C. They are troubled by dam constructions.
D. They are under protection of organizations.
B
Are your keys not in the spot you thought you left them Can't recall the title of a book I've had those moments. Such instances of “brain freeze” remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp.
A new study finds. Tai study can help slow cognitive(认知的) decline and protect against dementia(痴呆). The study included about 300 older adults, in their mid-70s on average, who had all reported that their memory was not as good as it used to be.
As part of the study, all the participants took a 10-mirrute test called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. A normal score is 26-30. A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment(损害), which means they don't have dementia but they're not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities, Once their score drops under 18, people. experience quite a bit of impairment from memory loss and cognitive decline.
The average score of participants at the start of the study was 25.The study found that people who practiced a simplified form of Tai Chi twice a week for about six months improved their score by 1.5 points, meaning that they're going to get three extra years before they hit that decline into dementia.
Researchers also tested a more stricter type of Tai Chi, called Cognitively Enhanced Tai Chi, where they provided extra challenges. For example, participants were asked to spell a word, backward and forward, as they moved through a series of Tai Chi moves. The people who practice this type of cognitively enhanced Tai Chi improved their scores by about 3 points, meaning they are given six extra years of cognitive function.
The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements, known as forms, almost like composing dancing moves.
4. Why are two questions raised in the first paragraph
A. To present the author's doubts.
B. To expect answers from readers.
C. To analyze the causes of forgetfulness.
D. To introduce the main topic of the text.
5. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. Cognitive assessment methods. B. The process of running the test.
C. Cognitive measurement criteria. D. The test results of the participants.
6. What does the pre-best average score of the participants imply
A. Most of them suffer from, dementia.
B. They remain as quick-minded as before.
C. Many of them have slight cognitive decline.
D. They can protect themselves against dementia.
7. Why does Tai Chi have a positive impact
A. It helps resolve challenges.
B. It involves mind-body movements.
C. It puts off cognitive decline by three years.
D. It improves the participants academic level.
C
The ocean is home to more than 200,000 known species and as many as 2 million that we have yet to discover. And, it is also home to 24.4 trillion pieces of microplastics. In 2022,researchers spotlighted how bad marine microplastic pollution, is getting: The total amount of microplastics on the bottom of oceans has greatly increased. in the past two decades.
Microplastic particles don't just end up at the bottom of the ocean. Animals are eating them—at least 1,500 species have been reported to ingest plastic. And a lot of it. For example, whales in New Zealand's Hauraki Gulf consume roughly three million microplastics daily, according to research published in Science of the Total Environment , which analyzed whale waste to see how much microplastics were present.
“Other research has shown that if plastics are small enough, they can cross the gut(肠道)wall and get into internal organs though the long-term effects are still unclear. Plastics can also release chemicals that are harmful to digestive system,” says Kahane-Rapport. “This is concerning, and while we do not yet understand the long-term health-effects, it is likely not a good sign for whales and their prey(猎物) to eat a man-made material like plastic.”
This is obviously bad for whales, but it also has effects on humans and the ocean at large. We are also part of these food chains and are consuming microplastics regularly. They are in our bottled water, in our table salt—they are even in our house dust and in the air we breathe. And we still don't know what the health effects are. Meanwhile, the impact on whales—and what it indicates—is troubling on many fronts. “Whales are ecosystem engineers,” says Kahane-Rapport. “They can spread the nutrients that they consumed and serve as ecosystem guards—when whales are not healthy, other parts of the system will suffer.”
Kahane-Rapport says more research is needed. “The next research step will be to determine how much plastic the whales excrete(排出) and how much is left in their bodies. Following that, we would be able to determine the direct health effects on their tissues.”
8. What does the underlined word “ingest” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Deal with. B. Bring up. C. Take in. D. Spread out.
9. What can be inferred from paragraph 3
A. Researches show contradictory results.
B. Digestive system is the most affected part.
C. Small plastics are more harmful than big ones.
D. Much about microplastics’ harm remains unclear. '
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The various sources of pollution.
B. Tab chain reaction of microplastics.
C. Possible solutions to plastic pollution.
D. Growing awareness of ocean protection
11. What will the following research focus on
A. Microplastic pollution to the ocean bottom
B. The sufferings of other ocean creatures.
C. Whales' contributions to the ecosystem.
D. The amount of plastic in brakes bodies.
D
Off Australia's northern coast, the remains of ancient coral reefs(珊瑚礁) form the bedrock of wooded islands, which are home to diverse animals and plants, including mangrove(红树林) forests that blanket their coasts and serve as vital habitats and carbon storers. A recent survey shows that expanding seas might have led to a massive mangrove increase, researchers report November 1 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
Mangroves absorb carbon dioxide and store it as “blue carbon”, a term for carbon that is hidden away in ocean environments. “There’s a lot of interest in using mangrove blue carbon to lessen climate change,” says Kerrylee Rogers, an environmental scientist at the University of Wollongong in Australia. But there remain a lot of questions around their capacity to adapt to sea level rise.
In 2021, a team led by Wollongong environmental scientist Sarah Hamylton visited the Howick Islands to do a related research. They walked through the seawater to assess the plant diversity and measure individual trees. Using the measured widths and heights of several mangroves, the team calculated tree widths for the rest of the forest from the data to estimate the total mangrove quantity. The islands host nearly 54,000 metric tons of mangroves, the team estimates, which is roughly 10,000 more metric tons than there was in 1973.
The Howick Islands are uniquely suited to supporting mangroves as the ocean rises. At the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, around 12,000 years ago, water levels rose around northern Australia, and coral reefs grew upward to fill the space that had opened for them.
When sea levels fell thousands of years later, the exposed reefs became sediment (沉积物).With sea levels now rising again, the mixture of saltwater and sediment makes a perfect home for the salt-tolerant mangroves.
Rogers and Hamylton are now working on a bigger effort to study mangoves around Australia. "If we're going to invest in mangroves to provide us blue carbon and to protect shorelines, we need to understand how dynamic they are," Rogers says.
12、What can be known about blue carbon
A. It is produced by ocean water. B. It is massively present in the air.
C. It is friendly environment. D. It is nutritious for mangroves.
13. What is the purpose of Hamylton's research
A. To measure the size of mangroves.
B. To figure out where to plant mangroves.
C. To confirm whether local natural environment is polluted.
D. To see how the mangroves respond to sea level rise.
14. What makes the Howick Islands the suitable habitats for mangroves
A. The diversity of ocean life.
B. The increase of coral reefs.
C. The combination of salt water and sediment.
D. The formation of the bedrock of wooded islands.
15. What is the suitable title of the text
A. Climate Change Causes Sea Level Rise
B. Sea Level Rise Helps Mangroves Boost
C. Environment on Australia Islands Is Improving
D. Climate Warming Poses Dangers To Mangroves
第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Planning a Nature Walk With Your Child
When it comes to planning a nature walk, the key tip to keep in mind is to have fun with it! 16 If children are given the opportunity to experience nature, even in simple ways, interaction and engagement follow quite naturally.
Let your children get dirty.
If your little one is anxious to crawl(爬) in the dirt to get a better look at worms, then go for it! 17 Research suggests that kids who play the dirt are exposed to bacteria, germs and viruses that can help build their immune(免疫) system and reduce the risks of certain allergies and illnesses later in life.
18
Encourage them to stop to turn over rocks, touch moss, and when they can, climb on and over rocks and fallen trees. Whatever the environment, which you assess for any unreasonable danger, the children can set the pace—stimulating confidence, flexibility, problem-solving, creativity, and a sense of wonder.
Get creative.
19 Davis suggests pretending play, such as using a stick as a s word or magic wand, or making up stories about the items found during your walk. Your findings also work great for an art project. “Collecting rocks while on your nature walk can later he painted and re-purposed as beautiful works of art,” says Davis.
Let older children be more adventurous.
For the older kids, it's all shout making a deeper connect ion with the world around them. With older kids, you can encourage them to connect with nature on a deeper level by exploring their senses. 20 .
A. Assess environment.
B. Have your children lead the way.
C. Nature is perfect for a child's creativity.
D. Nature walks don't have to be complicated.
E. Dirt might get a bad reputation, but it shouldn’t.
F. Try having them walk barefoot on different surfaces.
G. Give them the freedom to play in their own ways.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所结构 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2012, Laura Eshelman man was in the middle of a mental unsettlement. She was having 21 in finding work.“I was leaving a downtown business where I had another job application 22 . I was feeling pretty 23 and decided to go to the Whole Foods across the street,” Eshelman recalled.
As she crossed the street, Eshelman 24 a and n asking tor money on the corner. But he was 25 by passersby. As Eshelman 26 , be purmed to her, and asked if he could have a little bit of money. She was 27 and sald; Leave me alone. I don't have anything to give you. Get away!”
Eshelman 28 int e the grocery store. But suddenly she realized how 29 she bad been to the man. Eshelman rushed outside to find him. She apologized and 30 some coins from the bottom of her 31 .
As she 32 him the change, the man said, “It's OK. Everything 33 will disappear.” And all of a sudden, she felt like somebody was seeing her 34 , and she started to cry.
“That moment on the street was one of the few 39 in that extremely dark period of my life,” Eshelman later said.
21. A. fun B. trouble C. experience D. luck
22. A. rejected B. submitted C. displayed D. followed
23. A. relaxed B. awkward C. nervous D. depressed
24. A. remembered B. guided C. spotted D. comforted
25. A. ignored B. touched C. rewarded D. cheated
26. A. hesitated B. waited C. escaped D. approached
27. A. active B. impatient C. anxious D. desperate
28. A. slid B. struggled C. got D. looked
29. A. helpful B. rude C. strict D. particular
30. A. set aside B. put away C. dug out D. used up
31. A. heart B. pocket C. store D. drawer
32. A. handed B. lent C. returned D. awarded
33. A. dangerous B. normal C. unpractical D. unpleasant
34. A. pain B. choice C. effort D. privilege
35. A. instants B. chances C. differences D. flashes
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You can be happy even when you're suffering from illness, but that doesn't mean you should ignore the aspects of your health 36 are in your control. Exercise and sleep are particularly important when it comes 37 happiness.
Making exercise a regular habit isn't just good for the body. It also has a 38 (power) effect on mental well-being. People who exercise regularly are happier across the board. Plus, they're also less stressed, anxious, and 39 (depress).
It doesn't really matter 40 kind of exercise you do, so long as you do it regularly. For the best results, aim for an hour of exercise at least five days a week. If you find something you enjoy, you'll be more likely 41 (stick) to it. So don't think you’re limited to 42 (go) to the gym. Find something that suits your lifestyle and preferences. If you're having trouble thinking of activities you enjoy, think back to when you 43 (be) a kid. What sports or games did you like to play
Also, getting quality sleep every night directly 44 (affect) your happiness, and emotional stability during the day. When you re lacking sleep, you're much easier to stress. It's harder to be productive, think creatively, and make wise 45 (decide). The average person needs at least 7.5- 9 hours each night.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分 15分)
假定你是李华，你校英文报本周六将举办为贫困山区孩子捐赠图书的活动，请你用英文写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1.活动目的和方式；
2.呼吁大家参加。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear fellow students, Yours, Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the classroom of Class 7, Grade 8, students were excited about an upcoming event. The school had organized a speech competition titled “Ways to Become Successful,” and many students were eager to showcase their public speaking skills. Among them was 13-year-oldZexra, who, had already won two speech contests and was full of confidence that she could win again.
Zora volunteered to represent her class in the competition, and after a round of voting, she was chosen as the class representative. Although there were only seven days left until the big day, Zora felt a sense of ease about the competition. After all, she had been here before and knew what it took to win.
At home, Zora's father congratulated her on her achievement, while her mother reminded her to take the competition seriously. Despite her parents’ advice, Zora was convinced that her past successes meant this would-be a walk in the park. Her teacher also urged her to prepare diligently, but Zora only, sought help once to revise her initial draft.
As the days went by, Zora did not put in the necessary effort to refine her speech. When the day of the competition arrived, she was hit with a sudden wave of panic. She couldn't remember the content of her speech, and as she stepped onto the stage, her anxiety only grew. After delivering the opening lines, she froze, unable to continue. The supportive applause from the audience only added to her confusions, leaving no room for her to recall her prepared words.
Zora struggled through the rest of her speech, finishing it in a state of embarrassment and shame. As she walked off the stage, she saw the disappointment in her teacher's eyes and felt the letdown from her classmates. It was a heavy burden to bear.
注意：
1.续写词数应为:150 左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Back at home, Zora could no longer hold back her tears. The next day, Zora went to school and apologized to her class.英语
参考答案及解析
英语
第一部分阅读
everyday activities.(得分在l8到25分之间
第一节
的人被认为有轻度损伤，这意味着他们没有
A
痴呆症，但他们不像以前那么敏锐了，可能
【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四
需要更加努力地维持日常活动。)”可知，他
条因面临环境问题而受到保护的河流。
们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。故
1.B【解析】理解具体信息。根据文章第二部
选C项。
分中“.but river pollution and shoreline
7,B【解析】理解具体信息。根据最后一段的
habitat destruction threaten to displace
"The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is
them.”可知答案。故选B项。
that it combines the memorization of the
2.C【解析】理解具体信息。根据文章第三部
movements(太极之所以有效的理论是它结
分中“The Danube features a richly diverse
合了对动作的记忆)”可知，太极之所以起到
ecosystem,hosting 55 different species of
积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选
fish.”可知答案。故选C项。
B项。
3.D【解析】理解具体信息。各自的最后部
C
分分别介绍了四条河受保护的情况。故选
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要
D项。
讲述了海洋中微塑料污染的严重程度以及对
B
鲸鱼和人类健康的影响。
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述
8.C【解析】词义猜测。根据上下文，
练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。
“ingest'”在此处的意思是“摄人”，即鲸鱼正
4.D【解析】作出判断推理。根据第一段的
在吃掉这些塑料微粒。选项C“Take in”符
“Such instances of‘brain freeze'remind us
合这个意思。故选C项。
that we should do everything in our power9,D【解析】作出判断推理。根据第三段中
to keep our brains sharp..(这种‘大脑冻结'
“‘Plastics can also release chemicals that
的例子提醒我们，我们应该尽一切努力保持
are harmful to digestive system,says
大脑敏锐。)”和第二段的“A new study finds
Kahane-Rapport.'This is concerning,and
Tai Chi can help slow cognitive(认知的)
while we do not yet understand the long-
decline and protect against dementia
term health effects,it is likely not a good
呆).（一项新研究发现太极拳有助于减缓认
sign for whales and their prey(猎物)to eat
知衰退和预防痴呆，)”可知，文章开头的两
aman-made material like plastic.’”可知，我
个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认
们对微塑料的危害仍知之甚少。故选D项。
知衰退和预防痴某”这个主题。故选D项。
10.B【解析】理解主旨要义。根据第四段中
5.C【解析】理解主旨要义。本段主要介绍蒙
"We are also part of these food chains and
特利尔认知评估，26~30分为正常，18~25
are consuming microplastics regularly.
分为轻度认知损伤，18分以下为重度认知损
They are in our bottled water,in our table
伤。由此可知，本段主要内容是认知测量标
salt-they are even in our house dust and
准。故选C项。
in the air we breathe.And we still don't
6.C【解析】理解具体信息。根据第四段的
know what the health effects are.”可知，本
"The average score of participants at the
段主要展示微塑料的连锁反应。故选
start of the study was25.”可知，参与测试
B项。
者前测的平均分是25分。根据第三段的“A11.D【解析】理解具体信息。根据最后一段
person who scores between 18 and 25 is
中“The next research step will be to
considered to have mild impairment(损害)，
determine how much plastic the whales
which means they don't have dementia but
excrete(排出)and how much is left in
they're not as sharp as they used to be and
their bodies.Following that,we would be
may need to work harder to maintain i
able to determine the direct health effects
。1…

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