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2024年湖南初中学业水平考试模拟卷英语(二)
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5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6.本学科试卷共五部分, 考试时量100分钟, 满分100分。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分20分）
第一节（共5小题, 每小题1分, 满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. Hoes does the man like the film
A. He thinks it’s boring. B. He thinks it’s interesting. C. He thinks it’s exciting.
2. What does the man mean
A. Sam is interested in gold. B. Sam is successful. C. Sam is friendly.
3. How many times has the boy been to Yuelu Mountains
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
4. Where does the dialogue probably take place
A. In a bank. B. In factory. C. In a museum.
5. How long will it take Alan to drive home if it rains
A. 30 minutes. B. 60minutes C. 90 minutes.
第二节（共15小题·每小题1分, 满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
6. Who want John to be a dentist
A. His parents. B. His grandparents. C. His teacher.
7. What does Mary want to be when she grows up
A. A dentist. B. A nurse. C. A teacher.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
8. How many baby rabbits are there in the yard
A. 5. B. 6. C. 7.
9. How did Alice feel about seeing the rabbit and her babies
A. Happy. B. Frightened. C. Nervous.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
10. Where does the conversation take place probably
A. At a train station. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
11. When does the kitchen open
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 6:30 a.m. C. At 7:45 a.m.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
12. Who is Paul
A. A soccer star. B. A volleyball star. C. A basketball star.
13. What does Paul have for breakfast
A. Bread and milk. B. Eggs and milk. C. Eggs and bread.
14. Why does Paul like vegetable salad for dinner
A. He thinks it’s a good habit. B. He doesn’t want to be fat. C. He thinks it’s healthy.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
15. What’s the resolution of the man
A. To make more money. B. To be more famous. C. To become healthier.
16. What’s the main reason for their staying at home
A. Because they are busy. B. Because they have no money. C. Because their baby is so young.
17. Where might they travel this Saturday
A. In some nearby places. B. In the countryside. C. All over the world.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
18. What do Maria and Grace love
A. Cartoons. B. Action movies. C. Music shows.
19. Which subject does Grace often help Maria with
A Chinese. B. English. C. Math.
20. What does Grace want to tell us
A. Everyone needs a friend. B. Friends can be different. C. Friends in need are friends indeed.
第二部分 阅读理解（共15小题, 满分30分)
第一节（共11小题；每小题2分, 满分22分）
阅读下列材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Hunan Museum!
As the largest history and art museum in Hunan province the Hunan Museum covers an area of 49,000m2. It is one of the first batch (批) of national first-level museums. It houses more than 180:000 collections now.
Opening Time: Open daily from.9:00 a.m. to 17:00 p.m. except Mondays and the day before the Spring Festival.
Ticket Price: You can enter for free with your second-generation ID card.
How to visit: You can log into the official website of the Hunan Museum, the official WeChat service account, and the official Alipay applet seven days in advance (excluding the day) to make a personal online real-name reservation (预订) by time.
Guided tour service To help visitors understand the collections, the museum offers a free guided tour.
How to get there 1. Hunan Museum Location (位置): No. 50 of Changsha Dongfeng Avenue of Hunan Province of China. 2. By bus: bus No. 131, 112, 146, 150, 358, 113, 901, 136, 203. 3.By Subway: Line 1: Pei Yuanqiao Station, Exit 2, Bus Transit No. 112, 222, 901. Line 2: Ying Binlu Station, Exit 5, Bus Transit No. 131, 113, 146. 4. Connecting from the airport Take the bus line from the airport to Huanghua Station, and get off at the Civil Aviation Hotel Station.
1. Mark wants to visit Hunan Museum with his two-year-old son. When should they go
A. The day before the Spring Festival.
B On Mondays.
C. On weekends except the day before the Spring Festival.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the museum
A. Hunan Museum covers an area of 4,900m2.
B. We can log into the official website of the Hunan Museum to make a visiting reservation.
C. Bus No. 164 can take us to the museum.
3. You are most likely to find this passage ______.
A. in a science book B. in a story book C. in a travel guide
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是湖南博物馆的广告，具体介绍了湖南博物馆情况、开放时间、票价、如何访问、导游服务及如何到达那里。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个表格“Open daily from.9:00 a.m. to 17:00 p.m. except Mondays and the day before the Spring Festival.”可知，湖南博物馆除了周一和除夕其他时间都开放，由此可知，马克想和他两岁的儿子一起参观，他们可以在非除夕以外的周末去。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“You can log into the official website of the Hunan Museum, …to make a personal online real-name reservation (预订) by time.”可知，我们可以登录湖南博物馆的官方网站进行参观预约。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。本文是湖南博物馆的广告，具体介绍了湖南博物馆情况等。由此可知，你很可能在旅游指南中找到这篇文章。故选C。
B
Xu Can, 34, is a nurse who works in the intensive-care unit (ICU, 重症监护室) at a medical center in Xiangya Hospital. He takes care of patients in shifts (轮班) a week. But each shift is more than 12 hours, from 7 a. m. to around 7:30 p.m.
Xu conducts a full check of each patient, including pulse (脉搏), blood pressure and lab results. After that, he watches them for any changes that might happen during his shift. “We usually check in every 15 minutes to every hour, to see if there are any changes or if there’s anything they need. It’s our duty.”
At around 11 a. m., Xu joins other medical group. It includes doctors, social workers and other nurses. They visit each patient. “We must be sure we’re doing the right thing. We have someone else’s life in our hands.”
During Xu’s shift, another job is to understand his patients. “Nurses with their patients for more than 12 hours a day,” he says. ”So you get to know them and how they react (作出反应) to certain things.”
To end his shift, Xu has change-of-shift meeting with the night-shift nurse who will take his place.
“To be a great nurse, you need patience, understanding and a sense of responsibility.” Xu says, “You need to love what you do. For the patients in the hospital, it’s not their high moment in life. So, I try to get them to smile, at least during my shift.
4. When does Xu start his shift according to the passage
A. At about 7 a.m. B. At about 11 a. m. C. At 7:00 p.m.
5. Why do nurses join the medical group
A. Because they want to talk with patients.
B. Because they make sure they are doing the right thing.
C. Because the doctors ask them to do so.
6. What does Xu do before ending his shift
A. He gets to know his patients.
B. He has a change-of-shift meeting.
C. He chats with the night-shift nurse.
7. According to Xu Can, if you want to be a great nurse, you need ________.
①patience ②understanding ③a sense of responsibility ④love for work
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②③④
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了一名湘雅医院的优秀护士徐灿的故事。她有耐心、有理解力、善解人意、责任感和热爱本职工作。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“He takes care of patients in shifts (轮班) a week. But each shift is more than 12 hours, from 7 a. m. to around 7:30 p.m.”可知，徐在早上7点开始上班。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“At around 11 a. m., Xu joins other medical group…‘We must be sure we’re doing the right thing…’”可知，护士要加入医疗小组的原因是因为他们确保自己在做正确的事情。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“To end his shift, Xu has change-of-shift meeting with the night-shift nurse who will take his place.”可知，徐下班前会开一个换班会议。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“To be a great nurse, you need patience, understanding and a sense of responsibility…You need to love what you do.”可知，徐灿说，如果你想成为一名优秀的护士，你需要有耐心、有理解力、有责任感，热爱本职工作。故选C。
C
Passengers have been able to order railway tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush since this Friday, and engineers are trying to improving the ticket booking system to provide an easier ticket purchasing (购买) experience.
This year’s Spring Festival travel rush, also known as chunyun, starts on Jan 26 and ends on Mar 5. According to China State Railway Group, more trains are planned during this period to meet the needs of passengers.
Chinese New Year falls on Feb 10 this year. The company said that 12,700 passenger trains will operate before the new year, and 12,800 trains will operate after.
Passengers can order railway tickets up to 15 days in advance. If passengers fail to order tickets, they can add their requirements to a waiting list via the ticket-booking system, including the desired trains and dates.
During this year’s travel rush, popular departure and arrival cities include Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen in Guangdong province, Chengdu in Sichuan province, and Wuhan in Hubei province, according to Shan Xinghua, a researcher who is responsible for developing and operating the 12306 ticket-booking system.
New characteristics have been introduced in the 12306 mobile ticket booking system this month to make ticket booking easier.
One characteristic allows passengers to enter necessary information such as personal details, train service numbers, and seat preferences before the ticket booking opens. As soon as tickets become available for purchase, passengers can hand in their requirements and make the payment.
Additionally, passengers can set ticket sales reminders on the application. Travelers can set reminders through the system based on different dates and times when tickets go on sale to avoid missing the booking window.
8. When have passengers been able to order railway tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush
A. Since this Thursday. B. Since Jan 11. C. Since next Friday.
9. How long is this year’s Spring Festival travel rush
A. For thirty-eight days. B. For thirty-nine days. C. For forty days.
10. What does the underlined word “departure” mean
A. leaving B. passing C. apartment
11. Which of the following title best fits this text
A. New characteristics in the ticket booking system.
B. Spring Festival travel rush is coming.
C. Holiday train ticket booking made easier.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了工程师们正在努力改进订票系统，让乘客在春运期间订购火车票更便捷。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This year’s Spring Festival travel rush, also known as chunyun, starts on Jan 26 and ends on Mar 5.”可知，今年的春运从1月26日开始，到3月5日结束。根据“Passengers can order railway tickets up to 15 days in advance.”可知，乘客最多可以提前15天预订火车票。因此春运车票1月11日就能买到，故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This year’s Spring Festival travel rush, also known as chunyun, starts on Jan 26 and ends on Mar 5.”可知，今年的春运从1月26日开始，到3月5日结束，因此持续39天。故选C。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“During this year’s travel rush, popular departure and arrival cities”可知，旅行高峰期时，有人会离开某地，有人会到达某地。划线单词departure意为“离开”，故选A。
【11题详解】
标题归纳题。根据“Passengers have been able to order railway tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush since this Friday, and engineers are trying to improving the ticket booking system to provide an easier ticket purchasing (购买) experience.”及通读全文后可知，本文介绍了春运期间火车票预订更方便了，故选C。
第二节 语篇补全(共4小题,每小题2分, 满分8分）
阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
Why are some people better singers than others And why, unluckily, can’t some of us seem to sing at all ___12___. So, what’s going on with our voice
Singing is actually something that we can all do using our vocal cords (声带). But whether those sounds are pleasant to hear is another story.
___13___. We tend to have the ability to hear the right notes, but our brains send the wrong instructions to our vocal cords when we try to reproduce them.
Bad singers can certainly improve, but remapping the brain isn’t easy.___14___. With help from a vocal coach and years of practice, they can learn to hit the right notes.
___15___, but very few become professional ones. Those that do were probably just born with a natural talent for singing, like Adele. Those kinds of vocal stars are rare. If you’re not one of them, don’t worry. Sing for fun and practice, and who knows, you might get better over time!
A. The reason why we can’t get those notes right lies in our brains
B. If you’ve ever seen talent shows, you know this to be true
C. There are plenty of good singers out there
D. It takes time and practice
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们在唱歌时会唱不好的原因，并且指出唱歌要多练习，才能有所进步。
【12题详解】
根据“And why, unluckily, can’t some of us seem to sing at all ”可知，此处是对此现象的补充说明，选项B“如果你看过选秀节目，你就会知道这是真的”符合语境，故选B。
【13题详解】
根据“We tend to have the ability to hear the right notes, but our brains send the wrong instructions to our vocal cords when we try to reproduce them.”可知，此处是对此现象的总结，选项A“我们不能正确记下这些音符的原因在于我们的大脑”符合语境，故选A。
14题详解】
根据“With help from a vocal coach and years of practice, they can learn to hit the right notes.”可知，唱歌需要时间和练习，选项D“这需要时间和练习”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据“but very few become professional ones”可知，此处指唱得好的人很多，但专业的很少，选项C“有很多好歌手”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题, 每题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A, B, C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Penguins are loved by many people. People like their looks and the way they sway when waking. In fact, Penguins are birds that only live in the southern pole and can not ____16____.
Among penguin species (种类), Emperor penguins are the ____17____. Most adult penguins are about 1.1 meters and weigh 35 kilograms or more. For many months each year, emperors live near the sea in large groups. ____18____, in May, the weather gets colder and ice covers large areas of ocean. Each group moves many kilometers from the water. There, each mother penguin ____19____ just one egg. Then all the hungry mothers must walk back to the ocean to find ____20____. The father penguins put their eggs on top of their feet, under a special piece of skin called the brood pouch.
For two months, the father penguins keep the eggs ____21____ and warm. They do this through some of the coldest weather conditions on Earth. By July, it is winter in Antarctica. Most animals ____22____ warmer places, but the father penguins stay.
By August, the mother penguin returns just in time to see her baby come out of its egg. The baby is then moved to her brood pouch. This can be difficult. ____23____ the baby fails, it can freezes quickly, so the penguin parents must be very careful.
By December, winter is ____24____. The baby is five months old and can live on its own. Soon it enters the water for the ____25____ time. It will swim and eat until next April, and then return here. After a few more years, it, too, will start its own family.
16. A. swim B. fly C. walk
17. A. largest B. cleverest C. most lovely
18. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore
19. A. has B. eats C. lays
20. A. food B. baby C. husband
21. A. nervous B. safe C. happy
22. A. look forward to B. take care of C. leave for
23. A. If B. Unless C. Before
24. A. starting B. ending C. coming
25. A. first B. second C. third
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了小帝企鹅在帝企鹅家庭中从出生到长大的生长过程。
【16题详解】
句意：事实上，企鹅是只生活在南极的鸟类，不能飞。
swim游泳；fly飞；walk步行。根据“Penguins are birds”可知，它是鸟类，但不会飞。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：企鹅种类里，帝企鹅是最大的。
largest最大的；cleverest最聪明的；most lovely最可爱的。根据“Most adult penguins are about 1.1 meters and weigh 35 kilograms or more.”可知，提到了企鹅的身高和重量，故空处是指帝企鹅是最大的。故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：然而，五月，天气变冷，大片海洋被冰覆盖。
Besides除此之外；However然而；Therefore因此。根据空前后关系可知，表转折，需连词however。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：这的每只企鹅妈妈仅仅孵一个蛋。
has有；eats吃；lays孵。根据“...just one egg.”可知，空处表“孵化”蛋。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：然后所有饥饿的母亲必须步行回到大海去寻找食物。
food食物；baby婴儿；husband丈夫。根据“Then all the hungry mothers”可知，企鹅妈妈是饥饿的，所以她去寻找食物。故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：两个月的时间里，企鹅爸爸一直在保护企鹅蛋安全并给予温暖。
nervous紧张的；safe安全的；happy高兴的。根据“keep the eggs...and warm.”可知，企鹅爸爸保护企鹅蛋安全并给予温暖。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：大多数动物都动身去温暖的地方，但企鹅爸爸却留了下来。
look forward to期望；take care of照顾；leave for动身去某地。根据“ but the father penguins stay.”可知，but表转折，企鹅爸爸留下来了，故大多数动物去了温暖的地方。故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：如果企鹅宝宝没移到育儿袋里，它会很快被冻住，所以企鹅父母必须非常小心。
If如果；Unless除非；Before在……之前。根据空后两句关系可知，空处表条件，需If来引导条件状语从句。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：到十二月，冬天结束了。
starting开始；ending结束；coming来临根据上文“By July, it is winter in Antarctica.”可知，七月南极洲已经进入冬季。到了十二月，冬天就结束了，故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：很快它就第一次进入了水中。
first第一；second第二；third第三。根据“The baby is five months old and can live on its own.”可知，企鹅宝宝可以自己生活了，所以很快第一次进入水中。故选A。
第二节 语法填空（共10个小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This picture is drawn by my brother Eric. It is so colorful. It’s a ____26____ (sun) day. There are some tall buildings which are all different colors and ____27____ (shape). In the backyard, the grass is bright green and there’s a path going up to the buildings.
There are so many details in Eric’s picture, ____28____. On the left, there’s a multi-colored cat with pointy ears. ____29____ the middle, there’s a small blue cat. Above the cats, there’s a butterfly, flying around in the sunshine. Can you see the colored spots on ____30____ (it) wings I like the purple cat ____31____ of all. It looks a bit like a castle!
I love this picture ____32____ every time I look at it, I see different things. At first, I thought there were only buildings in the background, but then I ____33____ (notice) the butterfly! Eric has so much imagination. Look at the right of the picture. What do you think the dark red outline shows It isn’t very clear, but sometimes I see a large bird with light blue wings, and other times I think it could be a streetlight. This happens a lot in Eric’s picture. It’s ____34____ (real) fun! It makes me think of a story I read ____35____ (one) about a magic town, where everyone has adventures. The picture is bright and cheerful and it makes me feel happy.
【答案】26. sunny
27. shapes 28. too
29. In 30. its
31. best 32. because
33. noticed
34. really 35. once
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的弟弟艾瑞克的画。
【26题详解】
句意：这是晴朗的一天。分析句子结构可知空格处缺少形容词修饰day，所给词汇sun的形容词形式为sunny，故填sunny。
【27题详解】
句意：画上有许多高楼大厦，它们都有各种各样的颜色和形状。由“and”可知空格处与“colors”并列，应用同一种形式，即可数名词复数形式，故填shapes。
【28题详解】
句意：艾瑞克的画中也有许多细节。分析句子结构可知此句结构完整，空格处考虑使用副词。且分析语境可知下文内容就是艾瑞克画中的细节，也是上一段内容的补充。且根据空格前逗号可知此处too“也”符合语境，故填too。
【29题详解】
句意：在中间有一只蓝色的小猫。根据“...the middle”可知此处表示在画的中间，in the middle“在中间”，固定短语，且句首首字母大写。故填In。
【30题详解】
句意：你能看到它的翅膀上的彩色斑点吗？由空格后“wings”可知，空格处应为形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。
【31题详解】
句意：我最喜欢紫色的猫。根据“I like the purple cat ...of all.”可知，作者最喜欢那只紫色的猫。best“最……”符合语境，故填best。
【32题详解】
句意：我爱这幅画，因为每次我看到这幅画我都能看到不同的东西。分析句子结构可知空格前后为两个完整的句子，故空格处填连词，且根据语境，看到画就能看到不同的东西是作者喜欢这幅画的原因，故空格处应填表示原因的从属连词，because“因为”符合语境，故填because。
【33题详解】
句意：一开始，我以为背景里只有建筑，但是之后我注意到了蝴蝶。分析句子结构可知本句缺少谓语动词，且根据“ thought”可知本句时态为一般过去时，故填noticed。
【34题详解】
句意：它真的非常有趣。本句句子结构完整，故空格处考虑使用副词，real的副词形式为really，故填really。
【35题详解】
句意：这让我想起了我曾经读过的一个故事，关于一个神奇的小镇，在那里每个人都有冒险的经历。本句句子结构完整，故空格处考虑使用副词，one的副词形式为once“曾经”符合语境，故填once。
第四部分 读写综合（两个部分, 共25小题, 计25分）
任务型阅读
Nou-Wui (颜回) and Tsze-Lu (子路) were two of Confucius’ students. They had different personalities.
One day, after they argued, Tsze-Lu’s went to Confucius in great fear as blood came from his mouth. “There must be something wrong with my body,” he said. “I’m afraid I won’t live long. I am your pupil and you love me as a father. Please tell me what to do for my body.”
Confucius answered, “Tsze-Lu, you have the wrong idea about your body. It is not the study or the work in school, but your great anger that causes the problem.”
Confucius continued, “I will help you to see this.”
Then Confucius asked Tsze-Lu some questions.
④“你有多少颗牙齿？”
“I have thirty-two, teacher.”
“And how many tongues (舌头) do you have ” “Just one”
“How many teeth have you lost ”
“I lost one when 1 was nine years old, and four when I was about twenty-six years old.”
“And your tongue, is it still perfect ” “Oh, yes.”
Confucius said, “You see, the teeth are lost because they are strong and always try to get everything they desire. They are hard and hurt the tongue many times, but the tongue never hurts the teeth, even when they are wrong. Yet, it lives until the end, while the teeth are the first to go bad. And ⑤so it is with man.”
Tsze-Lu nodded and thanked his teacher.
36. Why did Tsze-Lu’s ask Confucius for help in a great scare
_______________________________________
37. What caused Tsze-Lu’s problem according to the passage
_______________________________________
38. How did Confucius educate Tsze-Lu in this story
_______________________________________
39. 将④翻译成英语。
_______________________________________
40. 将⑤翻译成中文。
_______________________________________
【答案】36. Because blood came from his mouth and he was afraid he wouldn’t live long.
37. Tsze-Lu’s great anger causes the problem.
38. By telling a story about teeth and tongue.
39. How many teeth do you have
40. 人也是如此。
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了孔子通过讲述牙齿与舌头的故事来告诉子路要控制自己的情绪。
【36题详解】
根据“Tsze-Lu’s went to Confucius in great fear as blood came from his mouth. ‘There must be something wrong with my body,’ he said. ‘I’m afraid I won’t live long.”可知子路去向孔子寻求帮助是因为他嘴里出血了，他担心自己活不长了。故答案为Because blood came from his mouth and he was afraid he wouldn’t live long.
【37题详解】
根据“It is not the study or the work in school, but your great anger that causes the problem.”可知是子路的怒气造成了这个问题。故答案为Tsze-Lu’s great anger causes the problem.
【38题详解】
根据文中“…Confucius said, ‘You see, the teeth are lost because they are strong and always try to get everything they desire…so it is with man.’”可知孔子通过讲舌头和牙齿的故事来教育子路。故答案为By telling a story about teeth and tongue.
【39题详解】
根据汉语可知句子为特殊疑问句，特殊疑问词多少：How many；牙齿：tooth，位于how many后应用复数形式teeth；你：you；有：have。特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，主语是you，因此前面需加助动词do。故答案为How many teeth do you have
【40题详解】
“so it is with sb.”表示“……也如此”，“man”意为“人”。故答案为人也是如此。
第五部分 书面表达（满分15分）
41. 学习成绩与学习习惯密切相关。你身边是否有一些同学不但聪明，而且还很刻苦，学习效率就是不高。不良的学习习惯，比如注意力不集中或不合理的时间安排等因素，都可能导致学习效率不高。请以How to develop good study habits为主题，写一篇不少于80字的短文。注意结合自身情况分析原因，并给出合理可行的建议。
要点：
1. 说明你或周边的朋友是否存在学习效率不高的问题；
2. 分析出现学习效率不高的原因，并举例说明；
3. 给出建议。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I have noticed that some of my classmates are not achieving high study efficiency, though they are intelligent and hardworking. There are two reasons why they have these problems.
One possible reason for low study efficiency is the lack of focus when they study. For example, some students are easily distracted by their phones or social media while studying. Another reason is poor time management. Many students tend to leave their homework or studying until the last minute. Although they always finish their homework on time, they don’t do it carefully. To develop good study habits and improve study efficiency, it is important to address these issues. Firstly, it is crucial to create a suitable study environment. This can be done by turning off smartphones or placing them in a different room while studying. Additionally, planning specific study time each day and keeping it can help with time management. Breaking down tasks into smaller can also lead to better study habits. Seeking help from teachers or classmates can further enhance understanding and improve efficiency.
All in all, developing good study habits is essential for improving study efficiency.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步，说明你或周边的朋友是否存在学习效率不高的问题；
第二步，分析出现学习效率不高的原因，并举例说明；
第三步，最后给出建议。
[亮点词汇]
① be the lack of缺乏
② on time准时
③ seek help寻求帮助
[高分句型]
①One possible reason for low study efficiency is the lack of focus when they study.（时间状语从句）
②Although they always finish their homework on time, they don’t do it carefully. （让步状语从句）2024年湖南初中学业水平考试模拟卷英语(二)
温馨提示：
1.答题前, 请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚, 并认真核对条形码上的姓名、 准考证号、考室和座位号；
2.必须在答题卡上答题, 在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；
3.答题时, 请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；
4.请勿折叠答题卡, 保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁；
5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；
6.本学科试卷共五部分, 考试时量100分钟, 满分100分。
第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分20分）
第一节（共5小题, 每小题1分, 满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. Hoes does the man like the film
A. He thinks it’s boring. B. He thinks it’s interesting. C. He thinks it’s exciting.
2. What does the man mean
A. Sam is interested in gold. B. Sam is successful. C. Sam is friendly.
3. How many times has the boy been to Yuelu Mountains
A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times.
4. Where does the dialogue probably take place
A. In a bank. B. In factory. C. In a museum.
5. How long will it take Alan to drive home if it rains
A. 30 minutes. B. 60minutes C. 90 minutes.
第二节（共15小题·每小题1分, 满分15分）
听下面6段对话或独白, 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
6. Who want John to be a dentist
A. His parents. B. His grandparents. C. His teacher.
7. What does Mary want to be when she grows up
A. A dentist. B. A nurse. C. A teacher.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
8. How many baby rabbits are there in the yard
A. 5. B. 6. C. 7.
9. How did Alice feel about seeing the rabbit and her babies
A. Happy. B. Frightened. C. Nervous.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
10. Where does the conversation take place probably
A. At a train station. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
11. When does the kitchen open
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 6:30 a.m. C. At 7:45 a.m.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
12. Who is Paul
A. A soccer star. B. A volleyball star. C. A basketball star.
13. What does Paul have for breakfast
A Bread and milk. B. Eggs and milk. C. Eggs and bread.
14. Why does Paul like vegetable salad for dinner
A. He thinks it’s a good habit. B. He doesn’t want to be fat. C. He thinks it’s healthy.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
15. What’s the resolution of the man
A. To make more money. B. To be more famous. C. To become healthier.
16. What’s the main reason for their staying at home
A. Because they are busy. B. Because they have no money. C. Because their baby is so young.
17. Where might they travel this Saturday
A. In some nearby places. B. In the countryside. C. All over the world.
听材料, 回答以下各小题。
18. What do Maria and Grace love
A. Cartoons. B. Action movies. C. Music shows.
19. Which subject does Grace often help Maria with
A. Chinese. B. English. C. Math.
20. What does Grace want to tell us
A. Everyone needs a friend. B. Friends can be different. C. Friends in need are friends indeed.
第二部分 阅读理解（共15小题, 满分30分)
第一节（共11小题；每小题2分, 满分22分）
阅读下列材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Hunan Museum!
As the largest history and art museum in Hunan province the Hunan Museum covers an area of 49,000m2. It is one of the first batch (批) of national first-level museums. It houses more than 180:000 collections now.
Opening Time: Open daily from.9:00 a.m. to 17:00 p.m. except Mondays and the day before the Spring Festival.
Ticket Price: You can enter for free with your second-generation ID card.
How to visit: You can log into the official website of the Hunan Museum the official WeChat service account, and the official Alipay applet seven days in advance (excluding the day) to make a personal online real-name reservation (预订) by time.
Guided tour service To help visitors understand the collections the museum offers a free guided tour.
How to get there 1. Hunan Museum Location (位置): No. 50 of Changsha Dongfeng Avenue of Hunan Province of China. 2. By bus: bus No. 131, 112, 146, 150, 358, 113, 901, 136, 203. 3.By Subway: Line 1: Pei Yuanqiao Station, Exit 2, Bus Transit No. 112, 222, 901. Line 2: Ying Binlu Station, Exit 5, Bus Transit No. 131, 113, 146. 4. Connecting from the airport Take the bus line from the airport to Huanghua Station, and get off at the Civil Aviation Hotel Station.
1. Mark wants to visit Hunan Museum with his two-year-old son. When should they go
A. The day before the Spring Festival.
B. On Mondays.
C. On weekends except the day before the Spring Festival.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the museum
A. Hunan Museum covers an area of 4,900m2.
B. We can log into the official website of the Hunan Museum to make a visiting reservation.
C. Bus No. 164 can take us to the museum.
3. You are most likely to find this passage ______.
A. in a science book B. in a story book C. in a travel guide
B
Xu Can, 34, is a nurse who works in the intensive-care unit (ICU, 重症监护室) at a medical center in Xiangya Hospital. He takes care of patients in shifts (轮班) a week. But each shift is more than 12 hours, from 7 a. m. to around 7:30 p.m.
Xu conducts a full check of each patient, including pulse (脉搏), blood pressure and lab results. After that, he watches them for any changes that might happen during his shift. “We usually check in every 15 minutes to every hour, to see if there are any changes or if there’s anything they need. It’s our duty.”
At around 11 a. m., Xu joins other medical group. It includes doctors, social workers and other nurses. They visit each patient. “We must be sure we’re doing the right thing. We have someone else’s life in our hands.”
During Xu’s shift, another job is to understand his patients. “Nurses with their patients for more than 12 hours a day,” he says. ”So you get to know them and how they react (作出反应) to certain things.”
To end his shift, Xu has change-of-shift meeting with the night-shift nurse who will take his place.
“To be a great nurse, you need patience, understanding and a sense of responsibility.” Xu says, “You need to love what you do. For the patients in the hospital, it’s not their high moment in life. So, I try to get them to smile, at least during my shift.
4. When does Xu start his shift according to the passage
A. At about 7 a.m. B. At about 11 a. m. C. At 7:00 p.m.
5. Why do nurses join the medical group
A. Because they want to talk with patients.
B. Because they make sure they are doing the right thing.
C. Because the doctors ask them to do so.
6. What does Xu do before ending his shift
A. He gets to know his patients.
B. He has a change-of-shift meeting.
C. He chats with the night-shift nurse.
7. According to Xu Can, if you want to be a great nurse, you need ________.
①patience ②understanding ③a sense of responsibility ④love for work
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①②③④
C
Passengers have been able to order railway tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush since this Friday, and engineers are trying to improving the ticket booking system to provide an easier ticket purchasing (购买) experience.
This year’s Spring Festival travel rush, also known as chunyun, starts on Jan 26 and ends on Mar 5. According to China State Railway Group, more trains are planned during this period to meet the needs of passengers.
Chinese New Year falls on Feb 10 this year. The company said that 12,700 passenger trains will operate before the new year, and 12,800 trains will operate after.
Passengers can order railway tickets up to 15 days in advance. If passengers fail to order tickets, they can add their requirements to a waiting list via the ticket-booking system, including the desired trains and dates.
During this year’s travel rush, popular departure and arrival cities include Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen in Guangdong province, Chengdu in Sichuan province, and Wuhan in Hubei province, according to Shan Xinghua, a researcher who is responsible for developing and operating the 12306 ticket-booking system.
New characteristics have been introduced in the 12306 mobile ticket booking system this month to make ticket booking easier.
One characteristic allows passengers to enter necessary information such as personal details, train service numbers, and seat preferences before the ticket booking opens. As soon as tickets become available for purchase, passengers can hand in their requirements and make the payment.
Additionally, passengers can set ticket sales reminders on the application. Travelers can set reminders through the system based on different dates and times when tickets go on sale to avoid missing the booking window.
8. When have passengers been able to order railway tickets for the Spring Festival travel rush
A. Since this Thursday. B. Since Jan 11. C. Since next Friday.
9. How long is this year’s Spring Festival travel rush
A. For thirty-eight days. B. For thirty-nine days. C. For forty days.
10. What does the underlined word “departure” mean
A. leaving B. passing C. apartment
11. Which of the following title best fits this text
A. New characteristics in the ticket booking system.
B Spring Festival travel rush is coming.
C. Holiday train ticket booking made easier.
第二节 语篇补全(共4小题,每小题2分, 满分8分）
阅读下面短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
Why are some people better singers than others And why, unluckily, can’t some of us seem to sing at all ___12___. So, what’s going on with our voice
Singing is actually something that we can all do using our vocal cords (声带). But whether those sounds are pleasant to hear is another story.
___13___. We tend to have the ability to hear the right notes, but our brains send the wrong instructions to our vocal cords when we try to reproduce them.
Bad singers can certainly improve, but remapping the brain isn’t easy.___14___. With help from a vocal coach and years of practice, they can learn to hit the right notes.
___15___, but very few become professional ones. Those that do were probably just born with a natural talent for singing, like Adele. Those kinds of vocal stars are rare. If you’re not one of them, don’t worry. Sing for fun and practice, and who knows, you might get better over time!
A. The reason why we can’t get those notes right lies in our brains
B. If you’ve ever seen talent shows, you know this to be true
C. There are plenty of good singers out there
D. It takes time and practice
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分25分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题, 每题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A, B, C三个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Penguins are loved by many people. People like their looks and the way they sway when waking. In fact, Penguins are birds that only live in the southern pole and can not ____16____.
Among penguin species (种类), Emperor penguins are the ____17____. Most adult penguins are about 1.1 meters and weigh 35 kilograms or more. For many months each year, emperors live near the sea in large groups. ____18____, in May, the weather gets colder and ice covers large areas of ocean. Each group moves many kilometers from the water. There, each mother penguin ____19____ just one egg. Then all the hungry mothers must walk back to the ocean to find ____20____. The father penguins put their eggs on top of their feet, under a special piece of skin called the brood pouch.
For two months, the father penguins keep the eggs ____21____ and warm. They do this through some of the coldest weather conditions on Earth. By July, it is winter in Antarctica. Most animals ____22____ warmer places, but the father penguins stay.
By August, the mother penguin returns just in time to see her baby come out of its egg. The baby is then moved to her brood pouch. This can be difficult. ____23____ the baby fails, it can freezes quickly, so the penguin parents must be very careful.
By December, winter is ____24____. The baby is five months old and can live on its own. Soon it enters the water for the ____25____ time. It will swim and eat until next April, and then return here. After a few more years, it, too, will start its own family.
16. A. swim B. fly C. walk
17. A. largest B. cleverest C. most lovely
18. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore
19. A. has B. eats C. lays
20. A. food B. baby C. husband
21. A. nervous B. safe C. happy
22. A. look forward to B. take care of C. leave for
23. A. If B. Unless C. Before
24. A. starting B. ending C. coming
25. A. first B. second C. third
第二节 语法填空（共10个小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This picture is drawn by my brother Eric. It is so colorful. It’s a ____26____ (sun) day. There are some tall buildings which are all different colors and ____27____ (shape). In the backyard, the grass is bright green and there’s a path going up to the buildings.
There are so many details in Eric’s picture, ____28____. On the left, there’s a multi-colored cat with pointy ears. ____29____ the middle, there’s a small blue cat. Above the cats, there’s a butterfly, flying around in the sunshine. Can you see the colored spots on ____30____ (it) wings I like the purple cat ____31____ of all. It looks a bit like a castle!
I love this picture ____32____ every time I look at it, I see different things. At first, I thought there were only buildings in the background, but then I ____33____ (notice) the butterfly! Eric has so much imagination. Look at the right of the picture. What do you think the dark red outline shows It isn’t very clear, but sometimes I see a large bird with light blue wings, and other times I think it could be a streetlight. This happens a lot in Eric’s picture. It’s ____34____ (real) fun! It makes me think of a story I read ____35____ (one) about a magic town, where everyone has adventures. The picture is bright and cheerful and it makes me feel happy.
第四部分 读写综合（两个部分, 共25小题, 计25分）
任务型阅读
Nou-Wui (颜回) and Tsze-Lu (子路) were two of Confucius’ students. They had different personalities.
One day, after they argued, Tsze-Lu’s went to Confucius in great fear as blood came from his mouth. “There must be something wrong with my body,” he said. “I’m afraid I won’t live long. I am your pupil and you love me as a father. Please tell me what to do for my body.”
Confucius answered, “Tsze-Lu, you have the wrong idea about your body. It is not the study or the work in school, but your great anger that causes the problem.”
Confucius continued, “I will help you to see this.”
Then Confucius asked Tsze-Lu some questions.
④“你有多少颗牙齿？”
“I have thirty-two, teacher.”
“And how many tongues (舌头) do you have ” “Just one.”
“How many teeth have you lost ”
“I lost one when 1 was nine years old, and four when I was about twenty-six years old.”
“And your tongue, is it still perfect ” “Oh, yes.”
Confucius said, “You see, the teeth are lost because they are strong and always try to get everything they desire. They are hard and hurt the tongue many times, but the tongue never hurts the teeth, even when they are wrong. Yet, it lives until the end, while the teeth are the first to go bad. And ⑤so it is with man.”
Tsze-Lu nodded and thanked his teacher.
36. Why did Tsze-Lu’s ask Confucius for help in a great scare
_______________________________________
37. What caused Tsze-Lu’s problem according to the passage
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38. How did Confucius educate Tsze-Lu in this story
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39. 将④翻译成英语。
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40. 将⑤翻译成中文。
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第五部分 书面表达（满分15分）
41. 学习成绩与学习习惯密切相关。你身边是否有一些同学不但聪明，而且还很刻苦，学习效率就是不高。不良的学习习惯，比如注意力不集中或不合理的时间安排等因素，都可能导致学习效率不高。请以How to develop good study habits为主题，写一篇不少于80字的短文。注意结合自身情况分析原因，并给出合理可行的建议。
要点：
1. 说明你或周边的朋友是否存在学习效率不高的问题；
2. 分析出现学习效率不高的原因，并举例说明；
3. 给出建议。
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