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绝密★启用前
2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试冲刺卷（03）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why is the man late
A．He had no alarm clocks. B．He lost his car key. C．He overslept.
2．What is the topic of the conversation
A．The man’s travel experience.
B．Traditional Chinese art forms.
C．The woman’s paintings.
3．Where does the conversation take place
A．In a doctor’s office. B．At a restaurant. C．In a car.
4．What is the weather like now
A．Snowy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy.
5．Who will probably look after the baby today
A．The man. B．Lucy. C．The woman.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】
6．Why does the woman think the boy behaves unusually
A．He lost interest in reading.
B．He forgot to take notes in class.
C．He is too anxious about the upcoming exam.
7．What does the study show
A．Pressure can be turned into the driving force.
B．High test anxiety might cause poorer test scores.
C．Students should address anxiety before tests.
【听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。】
8．Why does the man ask the girl to go to bed
A．She will take a test tomorrow.
B．They will have a holiday tomorrow.
C．She will have classes tomorrow morning.
9．Which subject does the girl need to improve
A．Math. B．English. C．History.
10．What will the girl do next
A．Go to sleep. B．Get her textbook. C．Play video games.
【听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。】
11．What is the woman’s dream job
A．A writer. B．A teacher. C．A designer.
12．Why does a company need the woman’s writing
A．To tell its story of development.
B．To attract people to work here.
C．To advertise its new products,
13．What do we know about the woman
A．She is very lucky.
B．She is a famous novelist.
C．She is writing for newspapers now.
【听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。】
14．In which year did the man start to volunteer
A．2014. B．2020 C．2015.
15．Why did the man choose to volunteer after retirement
A．To find a good way to kill time.
B．To put his experience and knowledge to use.
C．To develop a new hobby.
16．What volunteer job is the man doing now
A．Being a guide.
B．Offering food to the homeless.
C．Teaching in local schools.
17．What does the man gain from volunteering
A．Free education. B．A sense of purpose. C．Love for life.
【听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。】
18．Where did Meg Medina spend her childhood
A．In the US. B．In Cuba. C．In Spain.
19．When was Meg Medina’s first book released
A．In 2016. B．In 2011. C．In 2008.
20．Which book won one of the top awards in children’s literature
A．Milagros: Girl from Away.
B．Merci Suárez Changes Gears.
C．Mango, Abuela, and Me.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Napoleon Bonaparte by Emil Ludwig (German1881~1948)
Napoleon Bonaparte is an extraordinary statesman, strategist, the founder of the French First Empire. This biography was written by famous German writer Emil Ludwig, and there’s no doubt that the book is a great success. The writer uses his own writing style to show the charming character of Napoleon to the readers of the book.
Cao Xueqin Biography by Li Jianshu, 2009 (Chinese edition)
The book tells the life story of the novelist Cao Xueqin — author of The Dream of the Red Mansions. Cao was born to a rich family but suffered great poverty for most of his life. He drew on his life experiences to write his famous novel, which was published after his death.
The Story of My Life by Helen Keller, 1903
Even though Keller wrote this autobiography when she was only 22 years old, it is considered a great book in American literature. It tells about her dark and silent childhood, and how her teacher — Anne Sullivan opened up a new world to her by teaching her how to communicate.
Steve Jobs by Walter Isaacson, 2011
Isaacson interviewed Steve Jobs over forty times, and interviewed hundreds of Jobs friends, relatives, and rivals to sum up Jobs’ remarkable life. The result is an interesting story of a man driven to succeed and driven to make perfect products.
21．Which of the four books is written by Chinese edition
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
22．For which of the four books does the writer have much research work on the target person
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
23．Which of the four books mentions the help of a specific person
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
B
A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the impressive journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.
Accompanied by a dozen bikers for the last stretch of the journey from the Republic of Benin, Adeyanju was welcomed by supporters in Ikeja, in central Lagos. Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. At every stop along the way, he was greeted by enthusiastic (热情地) supporters.
He did face some challenges, like the one in Mali where one of his wheels broke. “I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, without speaking the language,” he said, explaining he had to walk to the nearest village. “Fortunately, the locals helped me.” Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. “Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. “The worst experience,” he added.
The former Shell employee self-funded his trip with $ 20,400 in savings, hoping to raise up to $ 48 million for Rotary International. “I have been suffering from a lack of sleep lately because I slept only three to four hours per night. But I feel proud because I finished this challenge,” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, wiping the sweat off his face. Adeyanju added that he is now planning to have a possible cycling trip to Ghana or a bike ride to Israel to help raise more funds. And he has another dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma.
24．Why did Adeyanju go on the 41-day trip
A．To challenge himself. B．To help people fight polio.
C．To connect with more people. D．To advertise Rotary International.
25．How did Adeyanju become popular during the journey
A．By using the title “Lion Heart”.
B．By commenting on other bikers’ journeys.
C．By sharing his experiences online.
D．By showing his deep love for his hometown.
26．What happened to Adeyanju in Mauritania
A．He got lost in the bush.
B．He met with crime and got robbed.
C．He failed to understand the locals.
D．He broke his motorbike.
27．Which words can best describe Adeyanju
A．Caring and determined. B．Reliable and outstanding.
C．Generous and brilliant. D．Ambitious and confident.
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to becoming farmers, and their languages became more settled and fewer in number, too. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory (强制的) education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution (分布) of these languages is hugely uneven (不均衡). The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the America about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages and close to disappear, with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28．What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
A．They developed very fast. B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patterns. D．They were closely connected.
29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A．Difficult. B．Advanced. C．Powerful D．Modern.
30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A．About 6,800. B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200.
31．What is the main idea of the text
A．New languages will be created. B．People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution.
D
Great whites, the largest predatory(捕食性的)sharks in the world with the most fatal attacks on humans, are tough to imagine as newborn babies. That is partially because no one has seen one in the wild, it seems, until now.
Wildlife filmmaker Carlos Gauna and UC Riverside biology doctoral student Phillip Sternes were scanning the waters for sharks on July 9, 2023, near Santa Barbara on California’s central coast. That day, something exciting appeared on the viewfinder of Gauna’s drone camera. It was a shark pup(幼崽)unlike any they’d ever seen.
“We enlarged the images, put them in slow motion, and realized the white layer was being shed(脱落)from the body as it was swimming,” Sternes said. “I believe it was a newborn white shark shedding its embryonic layer.”
These observations are documented in a new paper in the Environmental Biology of Fishes journal. What Gauna and Sternes observed could help solve the longstanding mystery of great white birthing habits. This may well be the first evidence we have of a pup in the wild. Great whites, referred to only as white sharks by scientists, are gray on the top and white on the bottom. But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white.
Though the paper authors acknowledge it is possible that the white layer the shark shed could have been a skin condition, the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white. First, great white females give birth to live pups. A second reason is the presence of large, likely pregnant great whites in this location. Finally, this location off the coast of central California has long been proposed as a birthing location for great whites. Many scholars believe great whites are born farther out at sea.
Great whites are listed as an international endangered species. “Further research is needed to confirm these waters are indeed a great white breeding ground. But if it does, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help white sharks keep thriving,” Sternes said.
32．What do we know about what appeared on Carlo s Gauna’s camera
A．It is rare in the world. B．It is tough to identify.
C．It is not open to the public. D．It is unbelievable to scientists.
33．What does the white shark pup look like
A．Pure gray. B．White only on the bottom.
C．Gray on the top. D．Pure white.
34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．How great white females give birth to pups.
B．How the authors prove they saw a baby shark.
C．Why the authors believe they saw a newborn shark pup.
D．Why the authors think the white layer is a skin condition.
35．What does Sternes hope for if their assumption is confirmed
A．Helping white sharks to stop breeding.
B．Using laws to protect shark pups and their habitats.
C．Listing white sharks as endangered species.
D．Further study to confirm white sharks breeding waters.
第二节（共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humor: An Essential Life Skill
Mark Twain said, “Humor is the great thing, the saving thing. The minute it crops up, all our irritations slip away, and a sunny spirit takes their place.” He’s certainly not wrong. Humor may very well be the great thing. 36
Having a good sense of humor is possibly one of the best things you can do for your physical fitness. 37 Besides, it can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health.
38 Study has shown that individuals who score highly in humor have higher self-respect, greater self-competence, and perform better in social interaction. They tend to get along well with others and are more often associated with better overall health.
Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child-like sense of humor. 39 Researchers in Austria discovered that those who have a sense of humor have higher verbal (言语的) and nonverbal intelligence than their less humorous peers, because it takes both cognitive (认知的) and emotional abilities to process and
produce humor.
The benefits of humor are so great that universities like Stanford are offering business courses on humor in the workplace. 40 Students will be taught how to “better achieve business goals and develop stronger bonds”. It doesn’t stop there, though. Researchers believe humor has the power to actually “make change in the world”.
A．Students will be strictly evaluated.
B．These courses have specific goals.
C．And your mental health benefits as well.
D．It touches upon nearly every aspect of life.
E．Apart from that, humor also improves your overall quality of life.
F．Research has shown that laughter can relieve the tension in your muscles.
G．Indeed, studies have found an association between humor and intelligence.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was 41 when he came across a field of daffodils (水仙花). It expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism.
What makes this poem a (n) 42 of Romantic thinking It isn’t that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural 43 : it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 44 . For him, 45 is not only a neutral (无感彩的) mixture of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a living force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to 46 us human beings and show us the beauty of life.
Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 47 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still survive now regardless of the change of the 48 . The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 49 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils 50 , but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) proudly swinging in the gentle wind as 51 in Wordsworth’s poem. They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 52 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you 53 this is what delighted Wordsworth; group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your 54 so that they form a beautiful, pale yellow carpet.
What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 55 .
41．A．ranked B．rhymed C．compared D．inspired
42．A．cause B．example C．mixture D．proposal
43．A．vase B．scene C．format D．graph
44．A．episodes B．appearances C．emotions D．opinions
45．A．nature B．jungle C．blossom D．world
46．A．criticize B．polish C．imitate D．educate
47．A．cupboards B．destinations C．enterprises D．memorials
48．A．annual B．vigour C．time D．future
49．A．distance B．risk C．charge D．footprint
50．A．appear B．leave C．arch D．compose
51．A．created B．advertised C．assigned D．described
52．A．floating B．waiting C．collecting D．declining
53．A．remember B．realize C．guarantee D．broadcast
54．A．head B．campaign C．drama D．sight
55．A．imagination B．alcohol C．abuse D．perseverance
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu is regarded by many as one of the happiest cities in China, as well as the home of pandas. It 56 (become) the first Asian city to be identified as a UNESCO City of Gastronomy in 2010.
Chengdu is a place where it seems to blur (难以区分) the boundaries between past and future. Its ancient temples, traditional alleys and historic architecture open a window into ancient China, 57 (take) you into a world of past impressive beauty. But what is really surprising is its focus on the future. Transforming into a center of technology, innovation and development, this city has 58 (ambition) plans to become a science city in southwest China.
Chengdu is not only rich in history and modernity, but also in flavor. This city is known 59 its spicy food, with bold flavors and centuries-old cooking traditions coming together to offer dining experiences 60 will delight all the senses. Chengdu’s most popular food, such as tongue-numbing mapo tofu and hotpot, is 61 feast for the palate (味觉). Hotpot works like this. A heat source 62 (place) on the dining table
keeps a pot of soup stock simmering (煨), and a variety of Chinese foodstuffs and 63 (ingredient) are served beside the pot for the diners to put into the hot stock.
All this richness that Chengdu has to offer led to its selection as the host city for the 31stFISU World University Games. The athletic event was an opportunity not only 64 (show) Chengdu’s sporting spirit, world-class infrastructure, 65 (warm) and organizational skill, but also to promote friendship and cross-cultural understanding.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
在世界地球日the World Earth Day来临之际，作为某国际中学的学生会主席，你代表学生会写一份倡议书，号召同学们采取行动保护地球。内容包括：
1. 我们的地球已遭到严重污染；
2. 保护地球的方式：减少污染、节约能源、保护生物等；
3. 号召同学们立即行动起来。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schoolmates,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】
Dear schoolmates,
The earth is the only home for us human beings. However, it’s now facing a severe problem — environmental pollution. Therefore, it’s our duty to protect it.
First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution, or the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on. Secondly, we must save water, electricity and other resources. In addition, protecting creatures is an effective way
of protecting the earth as well.
With the World Earth Day approaching, let’s act now and make our earth a better home.
The Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会写一份倡议书，号召同学们采取行动保护地球。内容包括：1. 我们的地球已遭到严重污染；2. 保护地球的方式：减少污染、节约能源、保护生物等；3. 号召同学们立即行动起来。
【详解】1.词汇积累
然而：however→nevertheless
严重的：severe→fearfully
因此：therefore→hence
另外：in addition→what’s more
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution, or the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on.
拓展句：First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution and if we don’t, the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, protecting creatures is an effective way of protecting the earth as well. (运用了动名词作主语)
【高分句型2】With the World Earth Day approaching, let’s act now and make our earth a better home. (运用了“with+宾语+宾语补足语”固定结构作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sat in my parents’ car. Mom had insisted I go with her to pick up Dad from work. Across from Dad’s office is a bike store. That was the day my eleven-year-old eyes first saw the purple BMX Mongoose bike. From that day on, all I could think about was that bike. I even drew pictures of the bike in class. Every evening afterward, at five thirty, I eagerly went along with Mom to get Dad.
And every day I told my parents, “I want that bike!” But they disagreed and replied that I had already had a perfectly good bike at home. I’d argue it was old and ugly, thinking that my happiness depended on that purple bike. Days later, I found the store had sold that bike. I knew I’d never be happy again.
A week later, returning home from school, I tripped over something. Lying in the weeds near a river and some wooded lots, was a bike — the exact bike from the store. “Hey, whose bike is this ” I shouted, scanning the area. No one replied, and there was no one in sight. Maybe its owner didn’t want it any longer. I couldn’t leave it lying in the weeds. So I took it home and hid it behind the garage. Every day after school, I sat there, admiring it. But I didn’t feel like riding and didn’t feel as happy as I had thought. Thinking about the bike made my stomach tighten and uncomfortable.
A few days later, during lunch at school, my friend said, “Did you hear about Tyler, in the other fifth-grade class He lost his new purple BMX Mongoose bike he had just gotten for his birthday. He left it by a river while playing in the woods. It got dark, and he couldn’t find it.”
“I’d never go off and leave a new bike like that. He doesn’t deserve to have that bike,” I replied. My friend added, “Kids say he’s nice. And they say Tyler is upset because his dad worked overtime to buy the bike for him.” For the rest of the day, I couldn’t stop thinking about Tyler.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After school, I returned home and dragged to my room.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
After school, I returned home and dragged to my room. The guilt of keeping Tyler's bike hidden behind the
garage weighed heavily on me. I couldn't enjoy having the bike while knowing that it rightfully belonged to someone else. I wanted to make things right. So I went to my mother and told her what had happened. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.”
“I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.” My heart raced with a mix of nervousness and determination. I walked up to knock the door. “Hey Tyler, I'm really sorry that I hid it and caused you trouble.” To my great surprise, he did not blame. What I saw was a smile slowly spread across his face. I knew exactly what that smile meant -- forgiveness for me. From that day on, the purple BMX Mongoose bike was no longer important to me. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了11岁的作者一直梦想拥有一辆紫色自行车，但他的父母不同意买给他。后来，他偶然发现了一辆被遗弃的紫色自行车，偷偷把它藏了起来，这辆自行车其实属于另一个孩子Tyler。最后，作者向母亲坦白了实情，并决定归还自行车。Tyler原谅了他，并建立了真诚的友谊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“放学后，我回到家，拖着沉重的步子回到我的房间。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到家后把自己关在房间里，深感愧疚，并且主动向妈妈坦白了事实。
②由第二段首句内容““我知道Tyler的家，”妈妈说。“我开车送你去。””可知，第二段可描写作者主动跟Tyler道歉，得到了Tyler的原谅，作者如释重负，并且和Tyler成为朋友，以及作者最终的领悟。
2.续写线索：
深感愧疚——告知真相——归还车子——道歉——原谅——成为朋友——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①重压：weigh on sb/press on sb
②.拍：tap/pat
③.绽开笑容：a smile spread across one’s face/a smile shines on one’s face
情绪类
①.愧疚/羞愧：guilt/shame
②.惊讶：surprise/amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1]. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.”（句中含有现在分词作伴随状语的结构以及what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty.（由what引导的主语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）绝密★启用前
2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试冲刺卷（03）
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Why is the man late
A．He had no alarm clocks. B．He lost his car key. C．He overslept.
【答案】C
【原文】W: You’re late again. Did your car break down
M: No, I forgot to set my alarm clock, so I slept overtime.
2．What is the topic of the conversation
A．The man’s travel experience.
B．Traditional Chinese art forms.
C．The woman’s paintings.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I finally got the chance to travel here! I really love Chinese painting!
W: The long history makes Chinese culture colorful. Painting is just one of the traditional art forms. We also have paper-cutting, opera, shadow play and so on. I’m sure you’ll also like them.
3．Where does the conversation take place
A．In a doctor’s office. B．At a restaurant. C．In a car.
【答案】C
【原文】M: What did the doctor say
W: She said there was nothing serious. I think I just need to relax myself.
M: That’s great news! Fasten your seat belt. Let’s celebrate at Sunflower Restaurant.
4．What is the weather like now
A．Snowy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Shall we brave the elements and go for a walk
M: We’d better not. It seems that it’s going to rain even harder.
W: I do miss the sunshine! But I heard it might snow tomorrow.
5．Who will probably look after the baby today
A．The man. B．Lucy. C．The woman.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Darling, I have to do some extra work today.
W: But I have an interview. Can you ask for leave and look after our baby
M: I’m afraid I can’t. We’d better ask Lucy for help.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】
6．Why does the woman think the boy behaves unusually
A．He lost interest in reading.
B．He forgot to take notes in class.
C．He is too anxious about the upcoming exam.
7．What does the study show
A．Pressure can be turned into the driving force.
B．High test anxiety might cause poorer test scores.
C．Students should address anxiety before tests.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】W: What’s eating you
M: We’re about to walk into a midterm exam. My goal is to be in the top 10. Everyone in my class attaches great importance to this exam, so I…
W: I understand. But you’re too emotionally involved with the situation. You’ve spent the whole week of your spare time preparing for it. And you even read your notebook during meals. This is not good.
M: All right, Mom. I will make a change.
W: I hope so. Research indicates that students with high test anxiety tend to perform worse on exams.
M: Really I must keep that in mind.
【听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题。】
8．Why does the man ask the girl to go to bed
A．She will take a test tomorrow.
B．They will have a holiday tomorrow.
C．She will have classes tomorrow morning.
9．Which subject does the girl need to improve
A．Math. B．English. C．History.
10．What will the girl do next
A．Go to sleep. B．Get her textbook. C．Play video games.
【答案】8．C 9．A 10．A
【原文】M: Time for bed, Susie. Christmas break is over, and you have to be in class at 8:00 tomorrow.
W: But I’m not tired, Dad. Can’t I just watch some more TV
M: It’s already 10: 30. You don’t want to be tired tomorrow.
W: I know, but I promise I won’t be tired. I’m really young, and I will work hard tomorrow in school. Please
M: Don’t you have exams soon If you’re going to stay up, shouldn’t you be studying
W: Oh, I forgot all about that.
M: You’ve been doing well in English and history, but you’ve had problems with math, haven’t you
W: Yeah. Maybe I can go to sleep now and then get up early and look at my math textbook.
M: That’s a good idea.
W: I know studying is more important than watching TV, but can I just watch for thirty more minutes It’s the last bit of my holiday!
M: No, Susie. Go to bed right now.
W: Fine.
【听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。】
11．What is the woman’s dream job
A．A writer. B．A teacher. C．A designer.
12．Why does a company need the woman’s writing
A．To tell its story of development.
B．To attract people to work here.
C．To advertise its new products,
13．What do we know about the woman
A．She is very lucky.
B．She is a famous novelist.
C．She is writing for newspapers now.
【答案】11．A 12．C 13．A
【原文】M: Hello! Mrs, Black. Among all the jobs that you have had, such as guild, teacher, designer and writer, which one do you like best
W: The last one. That’s my dream job.
M: As a writer, you write stories for magazines and newspapers, like that
W: Right now I write for profit for different companies. If a company has, let’s say, a new type of product, they need someone to write something persuasive to talk people into buying it. Then that’s what I do.
M: So it’s more of an advertising job
W: I guess you could say that. But it’s all different types of writing, whether it’s advertising something or something very simple.
M: Why do you like this job best Are they quick writings
W: Yes. They’re little writing jobs, so I can focus on writing for pleasure for myself.
M: What’s the true meaning for saying that
W: I think one can make money, and do something one loves, then the person is quite lucky.
M: Yeah! At least you made it! You are traveling in different countries and taking up writing business.
W: I really like that.
【听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。】
14．In which year did the man start to volunteer
A．2014. B．2020 C．2015.
15．Why did the man choose to volunteer after retirement
A．To find a good way to kill time.
B．To put his experience and knowledge to use.
C．To develop a new hobby.
16．What volunteer job is the man doing now
A．Being a guide.
B．Offering food to the homeless.
C．Teaching in local schools.
17．What does the man gain from volunteering
A．Free education. B．A sense of purpose. C．Love for life.
【答案】14．C 15．B 16．C 17．B
【原文】W: Good evening, David. I’m so glad to have you here.
M: It’s my pleasure when did you start to volunteer.
M: When I retired in 2014, I found myself with more time to spare. And I was looking for things to do. So I began volunteering the next year.
W: There are many ways we can occupy ourselves as we get older. We can start new hobbies. We can travel. Why did you choose to volunteer
M: You know there’s always someone out there that needs your help. And seniors have valuable experience and knowledge that can be put to good use.
W: I can’t agree more. Are there many seniors out there volunteering
M: Absolutely. There were a large number of senior volunteers in the United States last year alone.
W: What volunteer activities do you participate in
M: I used to offer food to the homeless at the food bank, but now I’m doing teaching in local schools.
W: What do you get from volunteering
M: I gain a sense of purpose. It just feels good to be needed.
W: Thank you again, David.
M: You’re welcome, and thank you for inviting me to the show.
【听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。】
18．Where did Meg Medina spend her childhood
A．In the US. B．In Cuba. C．In Spain.
19．When was Meg Medina’s first book released
A．In 2016. B．In 2011. C．In 2008.
20．Which book won one of the top awards in children’s literature
A．Milagros: Girl from Away.
B．Merci Suárez Changes Gears.
C．Mango, Abuela, and Me.
【答案】18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】
W: On January 24th, 2023, Meg Medina was appointed as the National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature. Medina is a Cuban-American children’s book author. Her job will be to inspire young readers across the country.
Medina didn’t consider writing as a career at first. She spent 10 years as an English teacher in Queens, New York City, where she grew up. She fostered deep connections with her students. As immigrants, her relatives often shared their lives in Cuba with her. “It’s an endless stream of story, ” she said.
At age 40, Medina quit her job and started writing children’s books. Her first novel, Milagros: Girl from Away, was published in 2008. Tia Isa Wants a Car, a picture book based closely on her aunt’s purchase of a family car, received the Ezra Jack Keats Book Award in 2011. Her picture book Mango, Abuela, and Me, about a Spanish-speaking grandmother and an English-speaking granddaughter, received the Pura Belpré Award in 2016. In 2019, she won the Newbery Medal for Merci Suárez Changes Gears. The award is one of the highest honors in
children’s literature.
As an ambassador, Medina is eager to help young people connect to their reading lives.
第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Napoleon Bonaparte by Emil Ludwig (German1881~1948)
Napoleon Bonaparte is an extraordinary statesman, strategist, the founder of the French First Empire. This biography was written by famous German writer Emil Ludwig, and there’s no doubt that the book is a great success. The writer uses his own writing style to show the charming character of Napoleon to the readers of the book.
Cao Xueqin Biography by Li Jianshu, 2009 (Chinese edition)
The book tells the life story of the novelist Cao Xueqin — author of The Dream of the Red Mansions. Cao was born to a rich family but suffered great poverty for most of his life. He drew on his life experiences to write his famous novel, which was published after his death.
The Story of My Life by Helen Keller, 1903
Even though Keller wrote this autobiography when she was only 22 years old, it is considered a great book in American literature. It tells about her dark and silent childhood, and how her teacher — Anne Sullivan opened up a new world to her by teaching her how to communicate.
Steve Jobs by Walter Isaacson, 2011
Isaacson interviewed Steve Jobs over forty times, and interviewed hundreds of Jobs friends, relatives, and rivals to sum up Jobs’ remarkable life. The result is an interesting story of a man driven to succeed and driven to make perfect products.
21．Which of the four books is written by Chinese edition
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
22．For which of the four books does the writer have much research work on the target person
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
23．Which of the four books mentions the help of a specific person
A．Cao Xueqin Biography. B．The Story of My Life.
C．Steve Jobs. D．Napoleon Bonaparte.
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四本人物传记类作品。
21．细节理解题。根据Cao Xueqin Biography中“Chinese edition (中文版)”可知，《曹雪芹传》为中文版。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Steve Jobs中“Isaacson interviewed Steve Jobs over forty times, and interviewed hundreds of Jobs friends, relatives, and rivals to sum up Jobs’ remarkable life. (艾萨克森采访了乔布斯四十多次，并采访了数百位乔布斯的朋友、亲戚和竞争对手，总结了乔布斯非凡的一生)”可知，为了《史蒂夫·乔布斯传记》作者对目标人物进行了大量的研究工作。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据The Story of My Life中“It tells about her dark and silent childhood, and how her teacher—Anne Sullivan opened up a new world to her by teaching her how to communicate. (它讲述了她黑暗而沉默的童年，以及她的老师安妮·莎莉文如何教会她如何沟通，为她打开了一个新的世界)”可知，在《我生活的故事》这本书中，作者海伦·凯勒提到了老师安妮·莎莉文的帮助。故选B项。
B
A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the impressive journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria.
Accompanied by a dozen bikers for the last stretch of the journey from the Republic of Benin, Adeyanju was welcomed by supporters in Ikeja, in central Lagos. Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. At every stop along the way, he was greeted by enthusiastic (热情地) supporters.
He did face some challenges, like the one in Mali where one of his wheels broke. “I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, without speaking the language,” he said, explaining he had to walk to the nearest village. “Fortunately, the locals helped me.” Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. “Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,” he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. “The worst experience,” he added.
The former Shell employee self-funded his trip with $ 20,400 in savings, hoping to raise up to $ 48 million for Rotary International. “I have been suffering from a lack of sleep lately because I slept only three to four hours per night. But I feel proud because I finished this challenge,” Adeyanju said just after he arrived, wiping the sweat off his face. Adeyanju added that he is now planning to have a possible cycling trip to Ghana or a bike ride to Israel to help raise more funds. And he has another dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma.
24．Why did Adeyanju go on the 41-day trip
A．To challenge himself. B．To help people fight polio.
C．To connect with more people. D．To advertise Rotary International.
25．How did Adeyanju become popular during the journey
A．By using the title “Lion Heart”.
B．By commenting on other bikers’ journeys.
C．By sharing his experiences online.
D．By showing his deep love for his hometown.
26．What happened to Adeyanju in Mauritania
A．He got lost in the bush.
B．He met with crime and got robbed.
C．He failed to understand the locals.
D．He broke his motorbike.
27．Which words can best describe Adeyanju
A．Caring and determined. B．Reliable and outstanding.
C．Generous and brilliant. D．Ambitious and confident.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了给国际扶轮社筹集在他的家乡尼日利亚治疗小儿麻痹症的资金，Kunle Adeyanju成功完成了伦敦到拉各斯的摩托车骑行。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“He started the impressive journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria. (他开始了这段令人印象深刻的旅程，是为国际扶轮社筹集资金，在他的家乡尼日利亚防治小儿麻痹症。)”可知，Kunle Adeyanju进行为期41天的骑行是为了给国际扶轮社筹集资金，帮助他的家乡人们对抗小儿麻痹症。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Adeyanju, called “Lion Heart” by fans, won popularity among the public by
posting daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. (被粉丝们称为“狮子心”的Adeyanju通过在社交媒体上发布关于他的旅程的每日图片和评论，赢得了公众的喜爱。)”可知，Kunle Adeyanju每天都会在社交媒体上发布自己的旅行照片和评论，这使他在公众中广受欢迎；由此可知，Kunle Adeyanju通过每天在社交媒体分享他旅途中的经历获得公众的喜爱。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. ‘Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,’ he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. ‘The worst experience,’ he added. (并非他所面临的所有挑战都能顺利解决。‘毛里塔尼亚，一个位于非洲西北部的国家，太‘可怕’了，’他在被抢劫数百欧元后说。‘这是最糟糕的经历，’他补充道。)”可知，Kunle Adeyanju在毛里塔尼亚遇到了抢劫，被抢了数百欧元。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段“A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria’s commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 miles across 13 countries. He started the impressive journey to raise funds for Rotary International to deal with polio (小儿麻痹症) in his native Nigeria. (当Kunle Adeyanju在结束了41天的劳累之旅后关掉摩托车引擎时，人群为他欢呼。44岁的他于4月19日离开伦敦，周日抵达尼日利亚商业中心拉各斯，此前他穿越了13个国家，行程超过8000英里。他开始了一段令人印象深刻的旅程，为国际扶轮社筹集资金，在他的家乡尼日利亚防治小儿麻痹症。)”可知，Kunle Adeyanju进行为期41天的骑行是为了帮助他的家乡尼日利亚人们对抗小儿麻痹症；由此可推知，他是一个有爱心的人。根据第三段“He did face some challenges, like the one in Mali where one of his wheels broke. ‘I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, without speaking the language,’ he said, explaining he had to walk to the nearest village. ‘Fortunately, the locals helped me.’ Not all of the challenges he faced were solved smoothly. ‘Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible’,’ he said, after he got robbed of hundreds of euros. ‘The worst experience,’ he added. (他确实面临过一些挑战，比如在马里，他的一个轮子坏了。‘我一个人站在深更半夜的灌木丛里，不知道该做什么，也不会说当地的语言，’他说，并解释说他不得不走到最近的村庄。‘幸运的是，当地人帮助了我。’并非他所面临的所有挑战都得到了顺利解决。‘毛里塔尼亚，非洲西北部的一个国家，太‘可怕’了，’他在被抢劫了数百欧元后说。‘最糟糕的经历，’他补充说。)”可知，在骑行中Adeyanju遇到了一些困难，如车坏了，甚至是抢劫，但他没有放弃；由此可推知，Adeyanju是意志坚定的人。因此，Adeyanju一个有爱心并且意志坚定的人。故选A。
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less
coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to becoming farmers, and their languages became more settled and fewer in number, too. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory (强制的) education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution (分布) of these languages is hugely uneven (不均衡). The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the America about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages and close to disappear, with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
28．What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times
A．They developed very fast. B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patterns. D．They were closely connected.
29．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A．Difficult. B．Advanced. C．Powerful D．Modern.
30．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A．About 6,800. B．About 3,400. C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200.
31．What is the main idea of the text
A．New languages will be created. B．People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly connected groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.(当世界上还居住着狩猎采集者的时候，小而紧密联系的群体发展出了自己独立的语言模式。一些语言专家认为，1万年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人的时候，他们大概说着1.2万种语言)”可推知，狩猎采集时代的语言数量很大。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据上文“all have caused many languages to disappear(所有这些导致了很多语言的消失)”和划线词后文“languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”以及常识可知，现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语，故划线词dominant意为“统治的，强大的”，故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.(目前，世界上大约有6800种语言)”及“The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.(使用这种语言的人中位数仅为6000人，这意味着世界上一半的语言的使用者少于6000人)”可知，目前不到6000人说的语言有6800*1/2=3400，故选B。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.(语言的出现和消失已经有几千年的历史了，但最近出现的语言越来越少，而消失的语言却越来越多)”可知，文章主要说明了人类的发展导致了更少的语言，故选C。
D
Great whites, the largest predatory(捕食性的)sharks in the world with the most fatal attacks on humans, are tough to imagine as newborn babies. That is partially because no one has seen one in the wild, it seems, until now.
Wildlife filmmaker Carlos Gauna and UC Riverside biology doctoral student Phillip Sternes were scanning the waters for sharks on July 9, 2023, near Santa Barbara on California’s central coast. That day, something exciting appeared on the viewfinder of Gauna’s drone camera. It was a shark pup(幼崽)unlike any they’d ever seen.
“We enlarged the images, put them in slow motion, and realized the white layer was being shed(脱落)from the body as it was swimming,” Sternes said. “I believe it was a newborn white shark shedding its embryonic layer.”
These observations are documented in a new paper in the Environmental Biology of Fishes journal. What
Gauna and Sternes observed could help solve the longstanding mystery of great white birthing habits. This may well be the first evidence we have of a pup in the wild. Great whites, referred to only as white sharks by scientists, are gray on the top and white on the bottom. But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white.
Though the paper authors acknowledge it is possible that the white layer the shark shed could have been a skin condition, the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white. First, great white females give birth to live pups. A second reason is the presence of large, likely pregnant great whites in this location. Finally, this location off the coast of central California has long been proposed as a birthing location for great whites. Many scholars believe great whites are born farther out at sea.
Great whites are listed as an international endangered species. “Further research is needed to confirm these waters are indeed a great white breeding ground. But if it does, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help white sharks keep thriving,” Sternes said.
32．What do we know about what appeared on Carlo s Gauna’s camera
A．It is rare in the world. B．It is tough to identify.
C．It is not open to the public. D．It is unbelievable to scientists.
33．What does the white shark pup look like
A．Pure gray. B．White only on the bottom.
C．Gray on the top. D．Pure white.
34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A．How great white females give birth to pups.
B．How the authors prove they saw a baby shark.
C．Why the authors believe they saw a newborn shark pup.
D．Why the authors think the white layer is a skin condition.
35．What does Sternes hope for if their assumption is confirmed
A．Helping white sharks to stop breeding.
B．Using laws to protect shark pups and their habitats.
C．Listing white sharks as endangered species.
D．Further study to confirm white sharks breeding waters.
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了野生动物电影制片人Carlos Gauna和生物学家Phillip Sternes
在加州海岸首次拍摄到疑似新生大白鲨脱去胚胎层的珍贵画面，这一发现可能揭示了大白鲨繁殖习惯的奥秘，为长期以来关于大白鲨出生地的推测提供了首个野外证据。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“That is partially because no one has seen one in the wild, it seems, until now.(这在一定程度上是因为到目前为止，似乎还没有人在野外见过这种动物)”及第二段“That day, something exciting appeared on the viewfinder of Gauna’s drone camera. It was a shark pup unlike any they’d ever seen.(那天，Gauna的无人机摄像机取景器中出现了令人兴奋的一幕。那是一条他们从未见过的鲨鱼幼崽)”可知，镜头中出现的鲨鱼幼崽在世界上是罕见的。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white.(但这只约5英尺长的鲨鱼全身纯白)”可知，白鲨幼崽看起来像纯白的。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Though the paper authors acknowledge it is possible that the white layer the shark shed could have been a skin condition, the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white. First, great white females give birth to live pups. A second reason is the presence of large, likely pregnant great whites in this location. Finally, this location off the coast of central California has long been proposed as a birthing location for great whites. Many scholars believe great whites are born farther out at sea.(尽管论文作者承认鲨鱼脱落的白色层可能是皮肤状况造成的，但两人认为他们看到的实际上是一只新生的大白鲨。首先，大白雌性产下活的幼崽。第二个原因是这个地方有可能怀孕的大白鲨。最后，这个位于加利福尼亚州中部海岸的地方长期以来一直被认为是大白鲨的出生地。许多学者认为大白鲨出生在更远的海域)”可知，这一段主要讲述为什么作者认为他们看到了一只新生的鲨鱼幼崽。故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Further research is needed to confirm these waters are indeed a great white breeding ground. But if it does, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help white sharks keep thriving,” Sternes said.(“需要进一步的研究来确认这些水域确实为大白鲨的繁殖地。但如果确定是，我们将希望立法者介入保护这些水域，帮助大白鲨继续繁盛。”Sternes说道)”可知，如果他们的假设得到证实，Sternes希望利用法律保护鲨鱼幼崽及其栖息地。故选B。
第二节（共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humor: An Essential Life Skill
Mark Twain said, “Humor is the great thing, the saving thing. The minute it crops up, all our irritations slip away, and a sunny spirit takes their place.” He’s certainly not wrong. Humor may very well be the great thing. 36
Having a good sense of humor is possibly one of the best things you can do for your physical fitness. 37 Besides, it can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health.
38 Study has shown that individuals who score highly in humor have higher self-respect, greater self-competence, and perform better in social interaction. They tend to get along well with others and are more often associated with better overall health.
Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child-like sense of humor. 39 Researchers in Austria discovered that those who have a sense of humor have higher verbal (言语的) and nonverbal intelligence than their less humorous peers, because it takes both cognitive (认知的) and emotional abilities to process and produce humor.
The benefits of humor are so great that universities like Stanford are offering business courses on humor in the workplace. 40 Students will be taught how to “better achieve business goals and develop stronger bonds”. It doesn’t stop there, though. Researchers believe humor has the power to actually “make change in the world”.
A．Students will be strictly evaluated.
B．These courses have specific goals.
C．And your mental health benefits as well.
D．It touches upon nearly every aspect of life.
E．Apart from that, humor also improves your overall quality of life.
F．Research has shown that laughter can relieve the tension in your muscles.
G．Indeed, studies have found an association between humor and intelligence.
【答案】36．D 37．F 38．E 39．G 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幽默是一项基本的生活技能，对我们生活的方方面面都有好处。
36．前文“Humor may very well be the great thing.(幽默很可能是一件很棒的事情)”提到了幽默的好处，后文每个段落介绍了幽默具体的好处，D项“It touches upon nearly every aspect of life.(它几乎涉及生活的方方面面)”符合语境，引起后文好处的具体表现。故选D。
37． 前文“Having a good sense of humor is possibly one of the best things you can do for your physical fitness.(拥有良好的幽默感可能是你能为身体健康做的最好的事情之一)”介绍了幽默对身体健康的好处，F项“Research has shown that laughter can relieve the tension in your muscles.(研究表明笑可以缓解肌肉的紧张)”符合语境，说明了具体的对健康的好处。故选F。
38．空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“Study has shown that individuals who score highly
in humor have higher self-respect, greater self-competence, and perform better in social interaction. They tend to get along well with others and are more often associated with better overall health.(研究表明，在幽默方面得分高的人有更高的自尊，更强的自我能力，在社会交往中表现得更好。他们往往与他人相处得很好，并且通常与更好的整体健康联系在一起)”说明了幽默与个人表现、社会交往的关系，E项“Apart from that, humor also improves your overall quality of life.(除此之外，幽默还能提高你的整体生活质量)”符合语境，其中的“overall quality of life”可概括后文具体的好处。故选E。
39．前文“Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child-like sense of humor.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦把他聪明的头脑归功于他孩童般的幽默感)”用爱因斯坦的例子引入幽默与智力的关系，G项“Indeed, studies have found an association between humor and intelligence.(事实上，研究已经发现幽默和智力之间存在联系)”符合语境，其中的“intelligence(智力)”和前文的“brilliant mind(聪明的头脑)”呼应。故选G。
40．前文“The benefits of humor are so great that universities like Stanford are offering business courses on humor in the workplace.(幽默的好处是如此之大，以至于像斯坦福大学这样的大学都开设了关于职场幽默的商业课程)”提到斯坦福大学开设幽默相关课程，后文“Students will be taught how to “better achieve business goals and develop stronger bonds”.(学生们将学习如何“更好地实现商业目标，建立更牢固的纽带”)”介绍课程目标，B项“These courses have specific goals.(这些课程都有特定的目标)”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was 41 when he came across a field of daffodils (水仙花). It expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism.
What makes this poem a (n) 42 of Romantic thinking It isn’t that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural 43 : it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 44 . For him, 45 is not only a neutral (无感彩的) mixture of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a living force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to 46 us human beings and show us the beauty of life.
Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 47 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still survive now regardless of the change of the 48 . The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 49 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils 50 , but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小
号状的花) proudly swinging in the gentle wind as 51 in Wordsworth’s poem. They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 52 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you 53 this is what delighted Wordsworth; group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your 54 so that they form a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 55 .
41．A．ranked B．rhymed C．compared D．inspired
42．A．cause B．example C．mixture D．proposal
43．A．vase B．scene C．format D．graph
44．A．episodes B．appearances C．emotions D．opinions
45．A．nature B．jungle C．blossom D．world
46．A．criticize B．polish C．imitate D．educate
47．A．cupboards B．destinations C．enterprises D．memorials
48．A．annual B．vigour C．time D．future
49．A．distance B．risk C．charge D．footprint
50．A．appear B．leave C．arch D．compose
51．A．created B．advertised C．assigned D．described
52．A．floating B．waiting C．collecting D．declining
53．A．remember B．realize C．guarantee D．broadcast
54．A．head B．campaign C．drama D．sight
55．A．imagination B．alcohol C．abuse D．perseverance
【答案】
41．D 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．D 50．A 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国诗人William Wordsworth的一首诗——《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，并探讨了是什么让这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的典范。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两百年前，英国诗人William Wordsworth写了《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，这首诗的灵感来自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花。A. ranked排名；B. rhymed押韵；C. compared比较；D. inspired启发，激励，赋予灵感。根据后文“when he came across a field of daffodils”可知，他偶然看到的一片水仙花赋予他写这首诗的灵感。故选D项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是什么让这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的典范？ A. cause原因；B. example例子，典型，范例；C. mixture混合物；D. proposal提议。根据前文“It expresses a basic spirit of early English Romanticism.”可知，这首诗是浪漫主义思想的典范。故选B项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是Wordsworth选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A. vase花瓶；B. scene场景；C. format格式；D. graph图表。根据后文“it is the way he describes the scene”可知，Wordsworth并不是简单地选择写一个自然的场景。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. episodes情节；B. appearances外观；C. emotions情绪，感情；D. opinions观点。根据前文“It isn’t that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural ___3___: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human”可知，诗中描述的场景带有人类的感情。故选C项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。A. nature自然；B. jungle丛林；C. blossom开花；D. world世界。根据后文“not only a neutral (无感彩的) mixture of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air”及“It is a living force that feels joy and sadness”可知，他描写的自然已经超出了自然本身。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是一种有生命的力量，它能感受快乐和悲伤，甚至试图教导我们人类，向我们展示生活的美好。A. criticize批评；B. polish润色；C. imitate模仿；D. educate教育，教导。根据前文“It is a living force that feels joy and sadness”和后文“and show us the beauty of life”可知，这首诗对我们很有教育意义。故选D项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wordsworth的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。A. cupboards衣柜；B. destinations目的地；C. enterprises企业；D. memorials纪念碑。根据后文“You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still survive now regardless of the change of the 　　8　　. The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake.”可知，Wordsworth的故居是旅游的景点（目的地）。故选B项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以去参观花园，那里的野花不管时代的变化，现在仍然存活。A. annual年度；B. vigour活力；C. time时间；D. future未来。根据前文“You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still survive now”和后文“The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake.”可知，两百年前的Wordsworth能看到水仙花，现在还能看到同样的花，所以说，不管时代的变化，花儿现在仍然存活。故选C项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是Wordsworth诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. distance距离；B. risk风险；C. charge
要价；D. footprint脚印，足迹。基于前文分析并根据后文“the first group of daffodils 　　10　　, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) proudly swinging in the gentle wind as 　　11　　 in Wordsworth’s poem. They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 　　12　　 together.”可知，此处描述走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时所能看到的景色。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. appear出现；B. leave离开；C. arch(使)成弓形；D. compose组成，创作。根据前文“When you are walking in the 　　9　　 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils”可知，第一批水仙花出现了。故选A项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. created创造；B. advertised广告，宣传；C. assigned分配；D. described描述。根据语境和前文“but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets (小号状的花) proudly swinging in the gentle wind”可知，它们并不是Wordsworth诗中描述的花。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们只是小小的野生水仙花，簇聚在一棵棵树周围，而不是聚集在一起。A. floating漂浮；B. waiting等待；C. collecting收集，聚集；D. declining降低，减少。根据前文“grouped around individual trees”可知，这些花是簇聚在一棵棵树周围，并不是聚集在一起。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北看时，你会发现这正是Wordsworth所欣喜的；一群又一群水仙花，从左到右展开，但在你的视线中聚集在一起，形成了一张美丽的淡黄色地毯。A. remember记住；B. realize意识到，认识到；C. guarantee保证；D. broadcast广播。根据前文“as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree”和后文“this is what delighted Wordsworth”可知，从这里看，人们会认识到这正是Wordsworth所欣喜的。故选B项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. head头；B. campaign运动；C. drama戏剧；D. sight视力，视觉，景象。根据前文“as you look north”和后文“so that they form a beautiful, pale yellow carpet”可知，人的视线中聚集在一起，这些花就形成了一张美丽的淡黄色地毯。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最终看到的是经过人类视觉和想象力改造的自然。A. imagination想象力；B. alcohol酒精；C. abuse滥用；D. perseverance毅力。根据语境和前文“so that they form a beautiful, pale yellow carpet”以及“What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed”可知，最终看到的是经过想象力改造的自然。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分 ，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu is regarded by many as one of the happiest cities in China, as well as the home of pandas. It 56 (become) the first Asian city to be identified as a UNESCO City of Gastronomy in 2010.
Chengdu is a place where it seems to blur (难以区分) the boundaries between past and future. Its ancient temples, traditional alleys and historic architecture open a window into ancient China, 57 (take) you into a world of past impressive beauty. But what is really surprising is its focus on the future. Transforming into a center of technology, innovation and development, this city has 58 (ambition) plans to become a science city in southwest China.
Chengdu is not only rich in history and modernity, but also in flavor. This city is known 59 its spicy food, with bold flavors and centuries-old cooking traditions coming together to offer dining experiences 60 will delight all the senses. Chengdu’s most popular food, such as tongue-numbing mapo tofu and hotpot, is 61 feast for the palate (味觉). Hotpot works like this. A heat source 62 (place) on the dining table keeps a pot of soup stock simmering (煨), and a variety of Chinese foodstuffs and 63 (ingredient) are served beside the pot for the diners to put into the hot stock.
All this richness that Chengdu has to offer led to its selection as the host city for the 31stFISU World University Games. The athletic event was an opportunity not only 64 (show) Chengdu’s sporting spirit, world-class infrastructure, 65 (warm) and organizational skill, but also to promote friendship and cross-cultural understanding.
【答案】
56．became 57．taking 58．ambitious 59．for 60．that/which 61．a 62．placed 63．ingredients 64．to show 65．warmth
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被联合国教科文组织评为“美食之都”的亚洲城市——成都。
56．考查动词的时态。句意：2010年，它成为第一个被联合国教科文组织评为“美食之都”的亚洲城市。根据下文的in 2010可知，本句的时态应该是一般过去时，所以空格处应该用提示词的过去式形式。故填became。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：古老的寺庙、传统的小巷和历史悠久的建筑为你打开了一扇通往古代中国的窗户，带你进入一个过去令人印象深刻的美丽世界。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为take和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填taking。
58．考查形容词。句意：转型为科技、创新和发展中心，这座城市有雄心勃勃的计划，要成为中国西南地区的科学城。分析句式结构可知，修饰名词应该用形容词，所以此处用提示词的形容词性形式ambitious作定语修饰名词plan表示“雄心勃勃的”计划。故填ambitious。
59．考查介词。句意：这座城市以辛辣食物而闻名，大胆的口味和数百年的烹饪传统融合在一起，为您提供愉悦所有感官的用餐体验。根据空格前的known可知，此处用介词for构成固定短语be known for表示“因……
而闻名”故填for。
60．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词experiences是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/which。
61．考查冠词。句意：成都最受欢迎的食物，如麻婆豆腐和火锅，是一场味觉盛宴。分析句意可知，此处是泛指“一场”味觉盛宴，且feast发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：放在餐桌上的热源使一锅汤料沸腾，锅旁摆放着各种中国食品和食材，供食客放入热汤料中。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为place和source之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填placed。
63．考查名词。句意：同上。根据上文a variety of和下文的are可知，此处应该用名词复数形式与 Chinese foodstuffs并列作主语。故填ingredients。
64．考查动词不定式。句意：这次运动会不仅是展示成都体育精神、世界一流的基础设施、热情和组织能力的机会，也是促进友谊和跨文化理解的机会。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词opportunity表示“做某事的机会”。故填to show。
65．考查名词。句意：同上。根据下文的名词skill可知，此处因该用提示词的名词形式warmth与前后的名词构成并列关系。故填warmth。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
在世界地球日the World Earth Day来临之际，作为某国际中学的学生会主席，你代表学生会写一份倡议书，号召同学们采取行动保护地球。内容包括：
1. 我们的地球已遭到严重污染；
2. 保护地球的方式：减少污染、节约能源、保护生物等；
3. 号召同学们立即行动起来。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schoolmates,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】
Dear schoolmates,
The earth is the only home for us human beings. However, it’s now facing a severe problem — environmental pollution. Therefore, it’s our duty to protect it.
First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution, or the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on. Secondly, we must save water, electricity and other resources. In addition, protecting creatures is an effective way of protecting the earth as well.
With the World Earth Day approaching, let’s act now and make our earth a better home.
The Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会写一份倡议书，号召同学们采取行动保护地球。内容包括：1. 我们的地球已遭到严重污染；2. 保护地球的方式：减少污染、节约能源、保护生物等；3. 号召同学们立即行动起来。
【详解】1.词汇积累
然而：however→nevertheless
严重的：severe→fearfully
因此：therefore→hence
另外：in addition→what’s more
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution, or the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on.
拓展句：First of all, we must reduce environmental pollution and if we don’t, the earth will be unfit for human beings to live on.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In addition, protecting creatures is an effective way of protecting the earth as well. (运用了动名词作主语)
【高分句型2】With the World Earth Day approaching, let’s act now and make our earth a better home. (运用了“with+宾语+宾语补足语”固定结构作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I sat in my parents’ car. Mom had insisted I go with her to pick up Dad from work. Across from Dad’s office is a bike store. That was the day my eleven-year-old eyes first saw the purple BMX Mongoose bike. From that day on, all I could think about was that bike. I even drew pictures of the bike in class. Every evening afterward, at five thirty, I eagerly went along with Mom to get Dad.
And every day I told my parents, “I want that bike!” But they disagreed and replied that I had already had a perfectly good bike at home. I’d argue it was old and ugly, thinking that my happiness depended on that purple bike. Days later, I found the store had sold that bike. I knew I’d never be happy again.
A week later, returning home from school, I tripped over something. Lying in the weeds near a river and some wooded lots, was a bike — the exact bike from the store. “Hey, whose bike is this ” I shouted, scanning the area. No one replied, and there was no one in sight. Maybe its owner didn’t want it any longer. I couldn’t leave it lying in the weeds. So I took it home and hid it behind the garage. Every day after school, I sat there, admiring it. But I didn’t feel like riding and didn’t feel as happy as I had thought. Thinking about the bike made my stomach tighten and uncomfortable.
A few days later, during lunch at school, my friend said, “Did you hear about Tyler, in the other fifth-grade class He lost his new purple BMX Mongoose bike he had just gotten for his birthday. He left it by a river while playing in the woods. It got dark, and he couldn’t find it.”
“I’d never go off and leave a new bike like that. He doesn’t deserve to have that bike,” I replied. My friend added, “Kids say he’s nice. And they say Tyler is upset because his dad worked overtime to buy the bike for him.” For the rest of the day, I couldn’t stop thinking about Tyler.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After school, I returned home and dragged to my room.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
“I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
After school, I returned home and dragged to my room. The guilt of keeping Tyler's bike hidden behind the garage weighed heavily on me. I couldn't enjoy having the bike while knowing that it rightfully belonged to someone else. I wanted to make things right. So I went to my mother and told her what had happened. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.”
“I know Tyler’s house,” Mom said. “I’ll drive you there.” My heart raced with a mix of nervousness and determination. I walked up to knock the door. “Hey Tyler, I'm really sorry that I hid it and caused you trouble.” To my great surprise, he did not blame. What I saw was a smile slowly spread across his face. I knew exactly what that smile meant -- forgiveness for me. From that day on, the purple BMX Mongoose bike was no longer important to me. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了11岁的作者一直梦想拥有一辆紫色自行车，但他的父母不同意买给他。后来，他偶然发现了一辆被遗弃的紫色自行车，偷偷把它藏了起来，这辆自行车其实属于另一个孩子Tyler。最后，作者向母亲坦白了实情，并决定归还自行车。Tyler原谅了他，并建立了真诚的友谊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“放学后，我回到家，拖着沉重的步子回到我的房间。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到家后把自己关在房间里，深感愧疚，并且主动向妈妈坦白了事实。
②由第二段首句内容““我知道Tyler的家，”妈妈说。“我开车送你去。””可知，第二段可描写作者主动跟Tyler道歉，得到了Tyler的原谅，作者如释重负，并且和Tyler成为朋友，以及作者最终的领悟。
2.续写线索：
深感愧疚——告知真相——归还车子——道歉——原谅——成为朋友——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①重压：weigh on sb/press on sb
②.拍：tap/pat
③.绽开笑容：a smile spread across one’s face/a smile shines on one’s face
情绪类
①.愧疚/羞愧：guilt/shame
②.惊讶：surprise/amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1]. My mother smiled and tapped me on the shoulder, gently saying, “I believe you have known what you should do to the bike.”（句中含有现在分词作伴随状语的结构以及what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. What mattered was the friendship I had formed with Tyler, which also taught me the important values like honesty.（由what引导的主语从句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）

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