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(共35张PPT)
中考完形填空
专题复习
1’
Learning target
一、了解完形填空的解题步骤
二、掌握完形填空的解题技巧
hamburger 汉堡
Lead in
When you see the picture on the left,
what will you think of ？
Lead in
What is cloze
Guang Dong
Si Chuan
Zhe Jiang
What’s in your mind when you see this picture
Analysis
完形填空题一般体现为一篇250个单词左右的短文，提供10个单项选择的题型。
其选材多数是哲理故事性的短文，也有科普文章、人物传记、社会文化等类的文章。
Analysis
完形填空主要考查词义辨析和根据上下文得出答案。
完形填空的主要考点:
动词(1~2个)、动词短语(1~2个)、名词(2~3个)、形容词(1~2个)和副词(1~2个)的辨析为主。
Conclusion
“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。
它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理能力。
Suggestion
在平时的学习过程中学生需要进行大量的语言和文化知识积累。首要任务就是扩大词汇量，其次要提高单词、词组等的灵活运用，与此同时还要提高对文章整体脉络的把控及逻辑思考能力。
Suggestion
学会“盲填”
不看选项，直接硬填
训练在文章残缺状态下，理解文章的即兴阅读能力
训练“不拿选项当救命稻草”的心理素质
训练通过上下文寻找线索的解题习惯
Key Point
找
线
索
词
有字面线索词
无字面线索词
1. 原文重现
2. 指代关系
3. 逻辑推理
4. 反义推理
5. 情感推理
6. 态度推理
7. 语义常识
Key Point
练得少，
能力弱
1. 抓不住文章主旨大意，片面理解。
表现为——边看边填
2. 逻辑推理能力欠缺，容易思维定势，忽
视特定语境中知识的应用。
3. 厌倦、恐惧完形填空类题型，处于应付状
态，从而导致解题能力得不到提高。
Skills
基于原文 + 合理想象，
切忌脑洞大开，天马行空！
研究首尾——找主题
左顾右盼——找搭配
上下联系——寻信息
集中精力——破难题
语境分析——辨词义
思前想后——觅逻辑
Steps
跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意
瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破
复读全文，逐个核查，验证答案
2021广东省卷节选
解题技巧 —— 语境推断法
根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，身临其境地理解事件发生的语境，体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。
He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job. “Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee. I think I am the 　43　 person for the job,” he wrote.
( ) 43. A. right B. kind C. important D. favorite
解析：结合上下文可知Sam对太空机构的工作感兴趣，于是写信自荐。由此推断：他认为自己是合适的人选，故选A。
(adj. 右边的；正确的；恰当的)
(n. 右边)
(adj. 和蔼的)
(n. 种类)
(adj. 重要的)
(adj. 最喜欢的)
A
形容词
2021广东省卷节选
解题技巧 —— 词汇复现法
文章中的某些词以原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现实现了相互之间的衔接。
For one, he wrote, “My sister says I act like an alien (外星人).” Sam also said he had watched almost all the 　45　 movies he could find.
( ) 45. A. war B. road C. space D. sports
解析：由上文提及的alien及前文一直提及太空space
可推断是关于太空的电影，故选C。
（n. 战争）
(n. 公路)
(n. 太空)
(n. 运动)
名 词
C
2021广东省卷节选
解题技巧 —— 逻辑推理法
各段落间有着逻辑上的联系，可通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断出正确答案。
Some people laughed at the funny job title, but a 9-year-old boy took the information 　42　.
( ) 42. A. simply B. lightly C. seriously D. clearly
解析：从转折连词but可推断，有些人对这份太空工作是“嘲笑”的态度，但是这个9岁的男孩是认真对待的。
固定搭配：take sth seriously 认真对待某事，故选C。
（adv. 简单地）
(adv. 轻轻的)
(adv. 认真地，严肃地)
(adv. 清晰地)
副 词
C
(but/although/though/even if/even though/because/so…）
解题技巧 —— 逻辑推理法
常考连词
并列关系——and, both…and…, not only…but also…, neither…nor…
转折关系——but, however, yet, while…
选择关系——or, either…or…
因果关系——so, because (of), as, for, since…
时间关系——when, while, as; before, after; since, until…
常考副词
递进关系——still, also, even, besides…
顺序关系—— firstly, then, finally…
隐晦转折——(un)luckily, (un)fortunately, certainly, suddenly,
surprisingly, strangely…
2021 · 广东
逻辑关系 —— 转折关系
Some people laughed at the funny job title, but a 9-year-old boy
took the information ______.
A. simply B. lightly C. seriously D. clearly
完形中常见表示转折关系的词/词组/结构：
but；however；while；instead of...
2021 · 广东
逻辑关系 —— 转折关系
Some days they could spend hours happily together without any
argument, but other days they just could not ______ on what to do.
A. agree B. live C. depend D. try
完形中常见表示转折关系的词/词组/结构：
but；however；while；instead of...
2021 · 广东
逻辑关系 —— 转折关系
Instead of a dirty old coal basket, it was ______ inside and out.
A. broken B. clean C. complete
完形中常见表示转折关系的词/词组/结构：
but；however；while；instead of...
2021广东省卷节选
解题技巧 —— 生活常识法
将文章的意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。
What are Sam’s 　44　 For one, he wrote, “My sister says I act like an alien (外星人).” Sam also said he had watched almost all the 　 space movies he could find. His last sentence may touch people’s hearts：“I am young, so I can learn to think like an alien.”
( ) 44. A. dream B. problems C. discoveries D. advantages
解析：结合上下文可知Sam写信给太空机构自荐，再结
合常识可推断自荐信是描述自己的优势的，故选D。
(n. 梦想)
(n. 问题)
(n. 发现)
(n. 优点)
名 词
D
2020 · 广州
生活常识 —— 感彩
"Please try one more time," Wasp said. Zebra knocked at the web again. ______ , this time it was enough to free Wasp. "Try to stay out of trouble," Zebra said.
A. Sadly B. Suddenly C. Luckily D. Strangely
选项特征：表情感色彩的形容词、副词、动词
解题关键：判断上下文基调（积极/消极/中立）
感彩向上
2019 · 广东
生活常识 —— 感彩
But Anna didn't have hers, and she looked ______.
A. worried B. normal C. proud D. relaxed
选项特征：表情感色彩的形容词、副词、动词
解题关键：判断上下文基调（积极/消极/中立）
感彩向下
2018 · 深圳
生活常识 —— 感彩
But when the ferry started moving, I realized a(n) ______ thing! I left my violin on the train!
A. wonderful B. awful C. successful
选项特征：表情感色彩的形容词、副词、动词
解题关键：判断上下文基调（积极/消极/中立）
感彩向下
Environmental volunteers work hard to protect the environment. They plant trees or __________ city parks.
A. clean B. enter C. draw D. enjoy
上 下 文 语 境
技巧特训 —— Skill 1
At the age of three, Lisa began to care about life and death.
One day, she looked at her mother . “Mom, when you are old, you will die, won’t you ”
A. easily B. luckily C. happily D. worriedly
担心地
技巧特训 —— Skill 1
上 下 文 语 境
[2021·广州]
My face started burning. All I could hear were ______ from some kids in line.
A. excuses B. cheers C. laughs D. thanks
技巧特训 —— Skill 2
词 汇 复 现
原词复现：
I looked around laughing, and we all laughed together.
[2018·广州]
Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be offered the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening, however, she received another __________. This time it said that she got the job.
A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message
技巧特训 —— Skill 2
词 汇 复 现
[2021·深圳]
A few months after I had moved into a downtown ________, my next-door neighbor, Nicole Figaro, knocked, asking for help with a squirrel that had gotten into her flat.
A. house B. flat C. street D. area
技巧特训 —— Skill 2
词 汇 复 现
These experiences taught me a lot. Though I might have been lucky _______, I also need to put in hard work. As we know, pracitce makes perfect, so I believe success builds on less luck and chance.
A. at last B. at most C. at first D. at least
技巧特训 —— Skill 3
词 义 辨 析
词义及词组辨析：
at last 最后，at most 至多，at first 最初 ，at least 至少。
The old man looked at me. Then he looked at his _________ and replied, “It's 5:30.”
A. umbrella B. magazine C. watch D. newspaper
生活常识：
看手表/钟表，得知时间。
技巧特训 —— Skill 4
生 活 背 景 常 识
For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in library, a museum, or a movie theater is __6__. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice __7__ in public places.
( ) 6. A. polite B. rude C. impossible D. common
( ) 7. A. off B. small C. loud D. down
6. 形容词辨析：polite 礼貌的，rude 粗鲁的，
impossible 不可能的， common 普通的
6-7. 常识性问题
技巧特训 —— Skill 4
生 活 背 景 常 识
B
D
All over the world people swim for fun. Swimming is enjoyed by people of
1 ages, from the very young to the very old. There are many places for
people to swim in swimming pools.
( ) 1. A. all B. none C. some D. both
It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were
moving quickly, heading towards their 1 . This was the beginning of another 2 day in New York City.
( ) 1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices
( ) 2. A. working B. hot C. same D. ordinary
技巧特训 —— Skill 4
生 活 背 景 常 识
A
A
D
Skills
解题技巧
上下文语境
固定搭配
及 习惯用法
逻辑推理
语法分析
背景知识
词义分析
Steps
完
形
填
空
Step 1：略读全文
体会大意
Step 2：细读全文
推敲答案
Step 3：复读全文
核验答案
首尾段/句
标题、图片、中文提示词
首要原则 — 搭配合理正常
做题方法
1. 名词：同类复现
2. 动词：逻辑连贯
3. 形副：感彩
4. 介词：固定搭配
5. 连词：句句关系

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