资源简介

准确表达故事背景
一、表达时间
1.at dawn/noon/dusk/night 在黎明/在中午/在傍晚/在夜间
2.in the late afternoon 在傍晚
3.three days later 三天之后
4.shortly after 不久以后
5.in the meantime 与此同时
6.on that winter afternoon 在那个冬天的下午
7.in my future life 在我以后的生活中
8.at the end of the summer 在夏末
9.in the following days 在接下来的日子里
10.after ending a day’s work 结束了一天的工作后
11.Days went by 几天过去了
12.It was getting dark 天黑下来了
13.They arrived soon after 他们没多久就到了
14.I waited till they returned 我一直等到他们回来
15.It was five o’clock in the morning 那是在早上五点钟
16.It was daybreak when Jane woke up 简醒来已是黎明
17.Years seemed to run more swiftly then 那些年似乎过得更快
18.It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth 事情发生在15号的上午
19.At early morning I went up through the hillside woods清晨我穿越山坡的小树林
20.On entering the garden I noted that spring had come round
一走进花园我就发现春天已经到了
二、表示地点与地理位置
1.in nature 在大自然中
2.on the spot 在现场
3.in the woods 在小树林里
4.in the open wild 在露天里
5.on the top of the hill 在山顶上
6.in the gas station 在加油站
7.along the stream 沿着小溪
8.go a mile or so 走了大约一英里
9.to the east of the village 在村子的东面
10.on the other side of the forest 在森林的另一边
11.The town is ten miles away 镇子在十英里之外
12.At a distance, she spotted a misty figure
在远处，她发现了一个模糊的身影
13.Our hotel is within a stone’s throw of the beach
我们的酒店离海滨仅咫尺之遥
14.The ship struck a hidden rock beneath the surface of the water
船撞上了水下的礁石
15.We visited a small village off the map last summer
去年夏天我们去了一个偏僻的小村庄
16.He glanced at the map and told us that there would be a village less than twenty miles away
他瞥了一眼地图，然后告诉我们，前面再走不到20英里就是一个村庄
17.Arriving at the top of the hill,we were faced by a most impressive scene
到达山顶时，呈现在我们面前的是一片令人惊叹的景色
18.The small island is located somewhere on the Pacific coast.
那个小岛位于太平洋沿岸某处
使景物绘声绘色
三、表达天气变化
1.a stormy night 暴风雨之夜
2.be buried in snow 深埋在雪中
3.the wind-driven snow 风雪交加
4.the bright blue sky 明朗的天空
5.in the blinding rain 在茫茫大雨中
6.cool and refreshing breeze 凉爽清新的风
7.The fog is beginning to lift 雾正在散去
8.The snow soon melted away 雪不久就化了
9.The storm is at its height 暴风雨下得正猛
10.The rain wetted his clothes 雨水弄湿了他的衣服
11.The wind is whipping at my hair 风吹打着我的头发
12.The needle-cold wind pierced his face 寒风如针，刺着他的脸
13.It’s raining cats and dogs outside now现在外面下着倾盆大雨
14.The scorching sun beat down on my head
火辣辣的太阳照在我的头顶
15.That night, the temperature dropped below zero
那天晚上，温度降到了零度以下
四、描绘自然景色
1.the beautiful scenery 美景
2.the limitless green grass 无边的草地
3.the beauty of the nature 大自然的美
4.the great sights along the way 沿途的美景
5.the countless stars in the curtain of nights 夜幕下无数的星星
6.the night with fresh air and millions of stars空气清新满天繁星的夜晚
7.The beautiful scenery is beyond description
这美丽的景色难以用语言形容
8.The night settled in 夜幕降临
9.The sun sank behind the hills 太阳落到山背后去了
10.The lotus flowers are now in full bloom 荷花正在盛开
11.Moonbeams streamed in through a window
月光从一扇窗户倾泻而入
12.However, the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful然而，湖水在落日的余晖下闪亮如镜，景色迷人
13.There was almost no wind—only the flames of our fire for company
几乎没有风，只有篝火相伴
14.The rose gives out a sweet smell, which promises to be a perfect day
玫瑰花散发出香甜的味道，预示着美好的一天开始了
15.In the distance, we could see the misty cloud rising from the lake, which remains fresh in my memory
在远处，我们可以看到雾霭从湖的上方升起，那个情景我至今记忆犹新
把人物描写鲜活
五、描写人物的心理活动
1.be full of joy 充满欢乐
2.with a light heart 心情放松
3.a mixture of excitement and happiness 既兴奋又开心
4.tremble with excitement 激动地颤抖
5.be down in spirits 情绪低落
6.feel hungry and exhausted 感觉又饿又累
7.with tears in his eyes 眼里含着泪水
8.be seized with sadness 感觉很悲伤
9.fall into despair 陷入绝望
10.with a heavy heart 怀着沉重的心情
11.feel shocked and ashamed 感觉震惊并羞愧
12.His heart leaped with joy 他的心欢喜得怦怦直跳
13.Tears of happiness flowed down 流下幸福的泪水
14.I saw her eyes well up with tears 我看见她泪如泉涌
15.He stamped his feet in anger 他气得跺脚
16.The crowd cheered and shouted happily人们欢呼着,高兴地喊着
17.All of a sudden, the sadness on his face was wiped out突然，他脸上的悲伤消失了
18.She felt within herself a sense of joy and happiness surging through her
她内心深处洋溢着喜悦和幸福
19.His dark eyes danced with pride, love and excitement
他黑色的眼睛闪动着骄傲、爱和兴奋的光芒
20.Hearing this, I felt very shocked and puzzled
听到这话，我感到非常震惊和迷惑
21.Although I was tired and in bad mood, I also felt warm and happy
尽管我疲惫且心情不好，但是我依然感受到了温暖和幸福
22.All the frustration and stress that had been building up inside of me came to a complete stop
所有在我体内堆积起来的沮丧和压力都烟消云散了
六、描写人物的个性品质以及外表外貌
1.be optimistic and ambitious 乐观并且有抱负
2.a strong minded person 一个意志坚定的人
3.lovely and good-natured personality 温和可爱的个性
4.a well-built man 一个身材魁梧的人
5.have a good figure 体型好
6.a dark figure in the moonlight 月光下有个模糊的人影
7.wear shoulder-length hair 留着齐肩发
8.a girl in her early twenties 一个20岁出头的姑娘
9.tie in a pony tail 扎了个马尾辫
10.a weather-worn face 一张饱经风霜的脸
11.a quiet gracious lady 一位娴静有礼的淑女
12.an accomplished young lady 一位年轻的才女
13.be equipped with a keen insight 具有敏锐的洞察力
14.But he was kind and considerate 但是他善良体贴
15.Her lovely face looked pale 她可爱的面庞看上去苍白
16.He is with high cheek-bones and a sunken nose
他颧骨高耸, 鼻梁塌陷
17.Once I set a goal, I will make great efforts to realize it
一旦设定了目标,我就会竭尽全力去实现它
18.He sat in front of them, his dusty face masking his age
他坐在他们前面，满面尘埃掩盖了他的年龄
19.He is a man with great determination, of whom the perseverance is occasionally unimaginable
他是一个意志坚强的人，有些时候他的毅力是你没法想象的
20.Her husband was such a kind-hearted and considerate man that he hid the truth for his whole life
她丈夫是一个这么善良且体贴的人，以至于把真相隐瞒了一生
让叙事情节生动
1.race home
快跑回家
2.take a stroll
闲逛
3.pick up the phone
拿起电话
4.set off for school
启程去学校
5.tidy the room
整理房间
6.head for the station
朝车站走去
7.run after a rabbit
追赶一只兔子
8.run away from the spot
从现场逃跑
9.wander into the woods
漫步向山里走去
10.carry water and plant trees
提水种树
11.walk along the path
沿着小道散步
12.wander over the countryside
在乡间漫步
13.catch up with the class
赶上同学们
14.go straight to the garden
径直朝花园走去
15.He gazes up at the sky silently
他静静地凝视着天空
16.She soon spotted me in the crowd
她很快在人群中发现了我
17.She kept drifting away in class today
今天课上她一直走神
18.A good idea suddenly flashed across his mind
一个好主意突然闪过他的脑海
19.I would catch up with them if I hurried
如果我加快速度,我就能赶上他们
20.He leaned in and whispered into my ears
他侧过身来,悄悄在我耳边说
八、描写人物动作
1.jump to one’s feet
一跃而起
2.walk gracefully
步态优美
3.pace back and forth
来回踱步
4.read one’s mind
看出某人的心思
5.look at me with a smile
微笑看着我
6.look me up and down
上下打量我
7.scream in anger
恼怒地大叫起来
8.hug her son tightly
紧紧地抱着她儿子
9.pat Tom on the shoulder
拍了拍汤姆的肩膀
10.lean against sb’s shoulder
靠着某人的肩膀
11.Everyone had a good laugh
大家都大笑了
12.give Dad a kiss on the cheek
吻了爸爸的脸
13.stroll aimlessly through the street
毫无目的地在街上游荡
14.get along well with others
与别人相处融洽
15.He stopped,taking a breath
他停下来,喘着粗气
16.I struggled out of the bed
我挣扎着从床上爬起来
17.I shook my head and said nothing
我摇了摇头,什么也没说
18.He plucked up courage and knocked at the door
他鼓起勇气,敲了敲门
19.She grinned at me,her eyes sparkling
她对我露齿一笑,眼里闪烁着光芒
20.She asked over her shoulder,“Do you remember me ”
她扭过头问道,“你还记得我吗 ”
让故事的意义得到升华
九、阐述故事的结局
1.feel a sense of warmth
感觉到了温暖
2.remain fresh in one’s memory
让人记忆犹新
3.a truly memorable experience
值得珍藏的经历
4.treasure up this happy time
铭记这幸福的时刻
5.lead to a brand-new future
通往一个崭新的未来
6.live in my heart forever
永远活在我的心中
7.be received with much appreciation
深受赞扬
8.an enchanting mental and physical business
一件身心有益的事情
9.recall the sweet moment of one’s high school life
回忆高中生活的美好时刻
10.as if a great weight had been lifted from me
好像卸掉了一个重包袱
11.have no choice but to tell him the truth
别无选择,只有告诉他真相
12.be bathed in the atmosphere of confidence
沉浸在自信的气氛中
13.a trip that we’d remember forever
我们终生难忘的旅行
14.achieve the dream of living in the countryside
实现了居住在乡村的梦想
15.brighten our lives and keep our dreams colorful
点亮我们的生活,让我们的梦想丰富多彩
16.I would always love her till the end of my life
我将爱她一生
17.The two brothers waved grateful goodbye to him
兄弟俩感激地向他挥手告别。
18.He realized what his grandfather said proved to be right
他意识到他爷爷说的被证明是正确的
19.It is an unforgettable moment to me,which I will treasure forever.
这对我来说是一个难忘的时刻,我将永远铭记
20.My patience and love let him believe that the world was full of kindness
我的耐心和爱让他相信这个世界充满了善良
十、感悟与启示
1.understand what’s the meaning of life
理解生命的意义
2.the most valuable thing in the world
世界上最有价值的东西
3.the thing I valued most in my life
我一生中最珍视的东西
4.gain a better understanding of life
对生活有了更好的理解
5.enable us to understand each other better
使我们能更好地相互理解
6.find the significance of the race
发现比赛的真正意义
7.treasure the memory of this happy time
珍惜这段幸福时光的回忆
8.realize the real meaning of success
认识到了成功的真正含义
9.Helping others is a pleasure
帮助别人是一种快乐
10.Helping others is helping ourselves
帮助别人就是帮助我们自己
11.I will do well what I should do in my future life
在未来的生活中我会做好自己该做的事情
12.Absolute determination leads to eventual fulfillment of dreams
坚定的决心促使梦想的实现
13.I realized that a sincere heart was more significant than money
我意识到一颗真诚的心比钱更有意义
14.The happiest people are not those who own all the best things,but the ones who can really appreciate the beauty of life
最幸福的人并非是拥有最好的东西的人,而是那些懂得真正欣赏生活之美的人
15.Happiness lies for those who have cried,those who have been hurt,those who have searched,and those who have tried,for only they can appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives.
幸福属于那些曾经哭过、受过伤害、努力尝试过的人,因为只有他们懂得那些走进他们生命中的人的重要性。Part01
1.educate v.教育→ educated adj.受过……教育的→ educational adj.与教育有关的→ education n.教育
2.develop v.开发；发展→ development n.开发→ developed adj. 发达的→ developing adj. 发展中的
3.finance n.财政，金融 → financial adj.财政的
4.undoubted adj.无疑的→ undoubtedly adv. 无疑地
5.astonish.使十分惊讶→ astonished adj感到惊讶的→astonishing adj 令人惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶
6.manry v.结婚，嫁，娶→ marriage n.结婚；婚姻
7.wealth n.财富→ wealthy adj.富裕的
8.accurate adj.准确的→accuracy n.准确性
9.education n.教育→ educational adj.有关教育的
10.require v.要求 → requirement n.必要条件
11.extreme adj.极度的→ extremely adv.极其
12.interesting adj.有趣的→ interest n.兴趣；吸引力
13.celebrate v.庆祝→ celebration n.庆典
14.certain adj.确定→ certainly adv.无疑；→certainty n.确定
15.beauty n.美 → beautiful adj.美丽的
16.curious adj.好奇的→ curiosity n.好奇心
17.gentle adj.轻轻的→ gently adv.轻轻地
18.poor adj.贫穷的→ poorly adv.糟糕地→poverty n.贫穷
19.believe v.相信→ belief n.信念；信心
20.final adj.最后的 → finally adv.最后
21.tradition n.传统 → traditional adj.传统的
22.huge adj.巨大的→ hugely adv.极度；非常
23.easy adj.容易的→ easily adv.容易地
24,connect v.连接 → connection/connections n.连接
25.tradition n.传统→ traditional adj.传统的
26.strong adj.强壮的→ strengthen v.加强→ strength n.优点
27.energy n.能量；精力 →energetic adj.精力充沛的
28.actual adj.实际的,真实的→ actually adv.实际上
29.pollute vt.污染 → pollution n.污染
30.globe n.地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球的，全世
31.challenge vt.向……挑战→ challenged adj.伤残的,
32.science n.科学→ scientist n.科学家
33.afford v.买得起；（有时间）做，能做→affordable adj.
34.weigh v.有……重；重→ weight n.重量；分量
35.recent adj.近来的；新近的→recently adv.最近；近来
36.care n.小心，谨慎→ careful adj.谨慎的
37.fair adj.合理的；恰当的→ fairly adv.公平地；相当地
38.introduce v.把……介绍（给）;引进→introduction n
39.success n.成功；胜利→successful adj.获得成功的；
40.educate v.(在学校)教育→education n.教育；培养
41.shine y.发光；反光→shiny adj.光亮的
42.effect n.效应，影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的
43.real adj.真的，真正的→ really adv.真正地
44.perfom v表演：演出→ performance n.表演；演出
45.achieve v.实现；→ achievement n.成就；成绩
46.atract x吸引，引起……的兴趣→ attraction n.喜爱，
47.acquaint vt.使熟悉；使了解→ acquaintance n.相
48.offcial adj.公务的；公职的一→ officially adv. 官方地；
49.act v.做事；行动→action n.行动；行为过程→active adj.→activity n.活动；
50.achieve V..实现；取得，达到→ achievement n.成就：
51.actual adj.真实的；实际的→ actually adv.真实
52.adapt v.(使）适应；改编→adaptation n.适应（性）；
53.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ gradually adv.逐渐地：
54.adjust vi.&vt.调整；（使）适合→ adjustable adj. adjustment n.调整；
55.develop v(使）成长，发展→development n.发展：
56.admire v.钦佩→admirable adj.可钦佩的；→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏
57.admit vt.允许进入；承认→ admission n.允许进入
58.surprise v.使惊奇，使诧异→surprising adj.令人
59.advance vt.&vi.前进；促进；提前n.前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
60.advantage n.有利因素；优势→ advantageous adj.
61.care n.小心；照料→ careful adj.细心的/caring adj.
62.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→ adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.大胆的；有冒险精神的
63.regular adj.规则的；有规律的→regularly adv.定期
64.advertise v.做广告→advertisement n.广告；启事
65.advise v.劝告；建议→ adviser n.顾问，提供意
66.affect v.影响；使改变→ effect n.影响；效果
67.able adj能够：有能力的→ ability n.能力，才能
68.age n.年龄→aged adj.年老的，年迈的
69.agree v.同意；赞成→ agreement n.协定；(意见
Part02
A
agriculture n.农业；农学 → agricultural adj.农业
abandon v放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被
aim n.目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；力求→aimless adj.无目标的；无目的的
amaze vt.使吃惊→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazement n.惊讶；惊愕
absent adj.缺席的；不在的→absence n.缺席，
ambition n.雄心；野心→ ambitious adj.有雄心的：
abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→ abundantly adv
amuse vu.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的→amused adj.愉快的→ amusement n.愉快地
anger n.愤怒→ angry adj.发怒的；生气的一angrily adv.生气地
announce v.宣布→announcement n.通告；公告；
annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的n.年刊；年鉴→annually adv.一年一次地
anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不
apology n.道歉；谢罪→apologize v.道歉；谢罪
appear v.出现；显得；似乎→appearance n.外观；
appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.任命；
appreciate v.感激；欣赏→appreciation n.感激；
approve v.赞成；批准→approval n.赞成；批准
apply v.申请；应用→applicant n.申请人→application申请
argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n.争论
arrange v.安排；筹划→ arrangement n.安排；
arrive v.到来；到达→arrival n.到来；到达；
ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞愧；羞耻→shameful adj.可耻的
assist v.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n.帮助；协助→assistant n.助手；助理；售货员
associate v.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴→ association联系
assume v.假定；设想；承担→assumption n.设想；假定；承担→assuming conj.假设
astonish vt.使惊诧→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊诧；震惊→astonished
attract vt.吸引；引起→attraction n.吸引力；喜爱→attractive adj.迷人的；有吸引力的
B
balance v.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.
bath n.洗澡;沐浴→bathe v洗澡;给(某人)洗澡
bear忍受;忍耐→bearable adj.可忍受的→ unbearable adj.难以忍受的;无法容忍的
beauty n.美丽→beautiful adj.美丽的
behave vt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现→ behavio(u)r n.行为;举止;习性
believe v相信;认为→believable adj.可信的unbelievable adj 难以置信的→belief n.信念;信心
belong vi.应在(某处);适应→belongings n.财产;所有物.benefit n.利益;好处v使受益→beneficial adj.有益的; brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n. 勇敢;勇气
breath n.气息;呼吸→breathe呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的;呼吸急促的
brief adj.简短的;简要的n.摘要;大纲→briefly adv.简要地;短暂地
C
calculatev计算;核算→calculation n.计算
care v关注;在意n.照料;照顾→careful adj.小心的;仔细的→careless adj.不小心的;粗心的→carelessness n.粗心; caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv小心地;谨慎地
celebrate v庆祝→celebration n.庆祝;庆祝会
center n.中心点;中心→central adj.中央的;中心的
certain adj. 确实;确定的→uncertain adj. 不确定的→certainly adv.无疑;确定;当然
cheer v欢呼;喝彩→ cheerful adj. 快乐的;高兴的
collect v收集;采集→ collection n.收藏品
combine vt.&vi.(使)联合;(使)结合→combination n.结合体
comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv舒服地
commit v犯罪;承诺→commitment n.承诺;投人
communicate沟通;传达→communication n交流;传达
compete v竞争;对抗→competition n.竞争;角逐→competitorn.竞争者，对手→competitive adj.有竞争力的
concentrate vi.&vt.集中;聚集concentration n.专心;集中
concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n.担心;关注;(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的;忧虑的→concerning prep.关于;涉及
concludeu推断出→conclusion n.结论
confident adj.自信的;有自信心的→confidence n.信心;信任
confuse vt.使困惑;混淆confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.迷惑;困惑
congratulatev祝贺;向……道喜→congratulation n.恭喜;祝贺
connect vt.&vi.(使)连接;联结→connection n.联系;连接
consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→ consequently adv.所以;因而→consequence n.结果;影响
consider v考虑，细想→considerate adj.体贴的→consideration n.仔细考虑;斟酌→ considering prep.考虑到
consist vi.组成;在于; 一致→ consistence n.一致性→consistent adj.一致的
constant adj. 时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv不断地
construct v建筑;修建→construction n.建筑;建造→constructor n.建造者
contribute v捐献;捐赠→contribution n.贡献;捐献→contributor n.捐赠者
convenient adj.;方便的;附近的→→conveniently adv. 便利的地
convince v使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的
coincident adj.同时发生的→coincidence n.巧合(的事);
cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n.残忍;残酷
custom n.习惯;风俗→customer n.顾客;主顾
curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇;好奇心
D
danger n.危险;风险→dangerous adj.危险的
.dark adj.漆黑的→darkness n.黑暗;漆黑→darkenvt.& vi.(使)变暗;变黑
date注明日期;过时→dated adj.过时的;陈旧的
decide v决定;选定→decision n.决定，抉择
declare v宣布;声明→declaration n.宣布;声明
decorate v装饰;装潢→decoration n.装饰物;装饰
deep adj.& adv深的(地)→deeply adv 深深地→deepen v使加深;使强烈;变深;变低沉→ depth n.深(度);深处
defend vt. & vi.保护;为……辩护→ defence n. 保护;防护
delight n. 快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴;使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的;快乐的→ delightful adj.令人高兴的
deliver v递送;生(小孩儿),接生;发表(演说等)→delivery n.投递;分娩
depend v依赖;依靠→dependence n.依赖;依靠→dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的→independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
describe vt.描述;形容→description n.形容;说明→ descriptive adj.描写的;叙述的
determine v决定;确定→determination n. 决心;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
develop v成长;发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的→development n.成长;发展
devote (与to连用)献身;专心于→devotion n.奉献;献身;忠诚→ devoted adj. 忠实的;深爱的
differ vi.不同;相异→ different adj. 不同的;有差异的→difference n.差异;不同
dificult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难
direct vt.&vi.导演;指示;指挥adj.直的;直接的;直率的→direction n.指导;方向→director n.导演
→directly adv直接地;径直地conj 一……就……
E
edit v编辑→edition n.版(本);版次→ editor n.编辑
educate vt.教育;→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有关教育的
effect n.结果;效应;影响→ effective adj. 有效的;有影响的
embarrass v使尴尬;使局促不安;使困窘→ embarrassed adj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→ embarrass ment n. 窘迫;难堪
employ v雇用→employer n.雇主;老板→employee n. 雇工;雇员→employment n. 工作;职业
encourage v鼓励;激励→ encouragement n.鼓励;激励→ encouraging adj.鼓励的;促进的
energy n.精力;能量;活力→ energetic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的
enjoy v欣赏;喜爱→ enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的→enjoyment n.愉快;快乐;乐趣
enter v进来;进去→entrance n.大门(口);入口(处)→entry n.进人(指权利、行动等)
entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐;款待→entertaining adj. 有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐
entire adj.整个的;完全的;全部的→entirely adv. 完全地;全然地;整个地
envy n..妒忌;美慕→envious adj.忌妒的:羡慕的
equal adj.相等的;平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n.平等
equip装备;配备equipment n.装备;设备
exist v .存在;生存→existence n.存在;生活(方式)
expand &v.使变大;伸展→expansion n.扩大;膨胀
explain v解释;说明→explanation n.解释;说明18.expect预料;期待;期望;认为→expectation n.预料;期待;期望
expose vt.(与to用)暴露;揭露;使曝光→ exposure n.显露;揭露;曝光
express v表达;表示→expression n.表达;表示;表情
extreme adj.极度的;极大的→ extremely adv极其;极端
F
fantasy n.幻想;幻觉→fantastic adj.极好的;美妙的;很棒的
fail vt.&vi.失败→failure n.失败
favour n. 喜爱;恩惠vt.喜爱;偏袒→favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的→ favourite adj. 最喜爱的
fool v欺骗;愚弄n.愚人→foolish adj.愚蠢的
fortune n. 财产;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
free adj.自由的→ freedom n. 自由;自主
freeze v冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的→frozen adj. 冻结的
furnish vt. 布置家具→ furnished adj. 配备家具的→furniture n.家具
G
gentle adj.文静的;慈祥的;温柔的→ gently adv.温柔地;温和地
gift n.礼物;赠品;天赋;天才→ gifted adj.有天才的;有天赋的
govern vt.&vi.统治;支配;管理→government n.政府
graduate n.毕业→graduation n.毕业
greed n.贪婪;贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的
greet vt.迎接;问候→greeting n.问候;招呼
grow v.增长;生长→ growth n.增长;生长n.指引;指导;领导
guide n.指导;向导;导游vt.指引;指导→guidance
guilt n. 内疚;犯罪;有罪→ guilty adj.犯罪的;有罪的;内疚的
H
hand n.手→handful n.一把;少量
harm n. &v 伤害;损伤→ harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj.无害的
health n.健康(状况)→healthy adj.健康的;健壮的
heat v加热;变热→heated adj.加热的;激烈的
help n.&v帮助→helpful adj.有帮助的→helpless adj. 无助的
hesitate vi.&vt.犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n.犹豫:踌躇
hope vi.&vt. 希望，期望→hopeless adj.绝望的→hopeful adj.有希望的,怀有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地
horror n. 震惊;恐惧→horrible adj.极坏的;十分讨厌的→horribly adv.糟糕地
humor n.幽默(感)→humorous adj. 幽默的
hunger n.饥饿;饥荒→hungry adj.感到饿的;饥饿的→hungrily adv.饥饿地
I
identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性
ignore vt.不理睬;忽视→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj. 无知的;不了解的
ill adj.有病;不舒服→ illness n.疾病
impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→ impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象
improve v. 提高，改善→improvement n.改善;改进
important adj.重要的→importance n.重要(性)
independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
indicate vt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indication n.迹象
inform vt.告知;通知→informed adj.有知识的见闻广的
injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.伤害;损害→injured adj.受伤的
innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n.清白;无罪
instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv 立即;即刻
1inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;→inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.鼓舞;
instruct vt.命令;指示;教导→instruction n.命令;指示→instructive adj.教育的;有启发的
intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→intelligently adv聪明地→intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能
intend vt.&v.计划;打算→intention n.意图;目的
interest n.兴趣:使感兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的→interesting adj.有趣的
interview n.&v面试→interviewer n. 采访者;提问者→interviewee n.参加面试者;被采访者
introduce v介绍;引进→introduction n.介绍;引进
invent v发明;创造→invention n.发明;创造→inventor n. 发明者;发明家
invite v邀请→ invitation n.邀请→adj. inviting 诱人的
J
joy n. 高兴;愉快→joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的
.judge v 认为;判断→judgement n. 意见;看法;判断力
.just adj. 公正的;正义的→ justice n. 公平;公正
K
kind adj.体贴的;慈祥的→kindness n.仁慈;善良→kindly adv体贴地;慈祥地
L
large adj. 大的;大规模的→ largely adv在很大程度上，主要地→enlarge扩大;扩充
late adj.迟的;晚的→latter adj.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的;最近的
laugh笑;发笑→ laughter n. 笑;笑声
lazy adj.懒散的;懒惰的→lazily adv懒散地;懒惰地→laziness n. 懒散;懒惰
limit v限制;限定n.界限;限度→limited adj. 有限的
long adj.长的→length n. 长度;长→ lengthen u加长
loss n.损失;遗失;丧失→ lose 丢失
M
major adj.主要的;重要的→majority n. 大部分;大多数
manage v负责;管理;设法做成→manager n.经理;管理者→management n.经营;管理
marry v结婚;嫁;娶→marriage n. 婚姻→married adj.已婚的
mean意思是;表示……的意思→meaning n. 意义;意思
memory n.记忆力;记性→ memorial adj.纪念的;悼念的
mess n.脏或乱的状态→ messy adj.脏的，乱的
mistake n.错误弄错，误解→mistaken adj.错误的;不正确的
misunderstand vt.&vi.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会
mix vt.&vi.混合;调配→mixture n.混合物
mountain n. 高山;山岳→mountainous adj. 多山的
move移动;前进→ movement n.运动;活动→moving adj.动人的;令人感动的
music n. 音乐→musical adj. 音乐的;喜爱音乐的→musician n.音乐家
N
nation n. 国家;民族→national adj.国家的;民族的→nationality n.国籍
nature n.自然界;大自然→natural adj.自然的;天然的
noise n.噪声→noisy adj.喧闹的;嘈杂的→ noisily adv. 喧闹地;嘈杂地
north n. 北;北方→northern adj.北方的;向北的
O
observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守→observation n.观察;观测
occasion n.时机，机会;场合→occasional adj.偶然的;临时的;特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地
occupy使用，占用→occupation n.工作;职业;侵占→occupied adj.使用中;忙于
operate v做手术;运转;操作;控制;经营→ operation n.手术;经营;业务→operator n.操作人员;技工
oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的;
organize vt.组织;成立→organizer n.组织者→organization n.组织→organized adj.有组织的
P
pain n.痛;痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的;痛苦的
participate vi.参与;参加→participation n.参加;→participant n.参与者
patience n.忍耐;耐心→patient adj.耐心的
peace n.和平;太平→peaceful adj.平静的;和平的→peacefully adv 和平地;平静地
perfect adj.完备的;完美的→perfectly adv.完全地;非常
perform vt. &vi. 表演;演出→ performance n.表演;演出→performer n. 表演者;演员
permit vt.&vi.许可;允许;准许n.通行证;许可证;执照→permission n.许可;允许
person n.人→personal adj.个人的;私人的→personality n. 个性;性格;人品
physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的;身体的;物质的→physicist n.物理学家
please v使高兴;使满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→pleased adj.高兴的→pleasing adj.令人高兴的
→pleasure n.愉快;快乐;乐事
poison n.毒药;毒物vt.毒害;使中毒→ poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的
politics n.政治(学);政治活动→political adj.政治的;政府的
pollutev污染→pollution n.污染
popular adj.流行的;通俗的; 受欢迎的→ popularity n.受人喜爱;流行
possess v.拥有; → possession n.拥有;具有
possible adj.可能的→impossible adj.不可能的可能性→possibly adv.可能;或许→possibility n. 可能;可能性
power n.能力;力量;权力→ powerful adj.强大的;有力的→powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的
predict vt. 预言;预告;预测→ prediction n.预言→predictor n.预示物;预测器
prefer更喜欢;偏爱→preference n.喜爱;偏爱
prepare v准备;预备preparation.准备;预备
press v按;压→ pressure n. 压力
pride n.自豪;骄傲→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
private adj.私有的;私用的→privacy n.隐私;
probable adj.很可能发生的→probably adv.很可 能;大概
profession n.职业;专业→professional adj.专业的n.专业人员
promote v促进;推动→promotion n.提升;提拔
pronounce v;拼pronunciation n.发音
R
react vi.起反应;回应→ reaction n. 反应;回应
real adj. 真的;真正的→reality n. 真实;现实→realize v 理解,领会;实现→realization n.实现;认识，领悟
reason n.理由;原因→reasonable adj. 合乎情理的→unreasonable adj.不合理的;不公正的
recover vi.&vt.痊愈;恢复;重新获得→ recovery n.恢复;复苏;康复
refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考→reference n.提及;涉及;参考;查阅
relax v放松;休息→relaxation n.放松;休息→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的
religion n.宗教;宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教信仰的;宗教的
rely v依赖;依靠→reliable adj. 可信赖的;可依靠的
remain v仍然是;保持不变;剩余→remaining adj. 留下的;剩余的
10.represent代表;作为……的代言人→representative n.代表(人)
require v需要;依靠→requirement n.需要(要求)的事物;必要条件
respect v尊敬;尊重→respectful adj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的
.resist v抵抗;对抗→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的→resistance n.抵抗
ripe adj.成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.使……成熟;成熟
rob vt.抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n.抢劫(行为)→robber n.强盗;盗贼
rude adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n.粗鲁
S
sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲哀;忧伤
safe adj. 安全的→ safety n.安全
satisfyv满意;满足→satisfaction n.满意;满足satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的
scare vt.恐吓 vi. 受惊吓→ scared adj.恐惧的;害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的,可怕的
science n.科学;自然科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv科学(上)地
secure adj.安心的;有把握的→security n.保护措施;安全工作→insecure adj.缺乏信心的;无把握的
self n. 自身;本身→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n.自私→unselfish adj. 无私的;忘我的
sense n.(对某物的)感觉→sensible adj.明智的;理智的
separate vt.&vi(使)分离，分散→separation n.分离;分开
serve vt.&vi.(给某人)提供;端上→service n.(对顾客的)接待，服务→servant n.仆人,用人
shame n.遗憾;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;厚颜的→ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的
sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→sharpen vt.&vi. 削尖;磨快;尖锐;变锋利→sharpener n.卷笔刀
sign v签名→signature n.署名;签字
significant adj.重要的→significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
silent adj.不说话的;沉默的→silence n.沉默;缄默
simple adj.简单的;简易的→ simply adv 简单地→simplifyv使简化;使简易
sleepv睡觉→sleepy adj.困倦的:瞌睡的
starve vt.&vi.(使)挨饿;饿死→starvation n.挨饿，饥饿
succeed v成功;达到success n.成功→successful adj成功的→successfully adv成功地
sudden adj.突然的→suddenly adv突然;突如其来地
.suffer vt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历→suffering n.折磨;苦难
suggestv建议;提议→suggestion n.建议
suit v对(某人)方便;相配;适合→ suitable adj合适的;适宜的
surround vt.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.(复数)周围的事物;环境
survive vi.幸免;幸存;生还→survival n.幸存→survivor n. 幸存者
swell vi.&vt.(使)膨胀;隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
T
talent n. 天才;特殊能力;才干→ talented adj. 有才气的;有才能的
taste n.味道;滋味→tasty adj. 美味的;可口的
tendv倾向;照顾→tendency n.倾向;趋势
terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的→terribly adv.非常;很
terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的;受惊吓的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
terror n. 恐惧→ terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的
thirst n.口渴;干渴感→thirsty adj.渴的;口渴的
tolerate vt.容忍;忍受→tolerance n.容忍
tour n.旅行;观光;参观→tourist n.旅行者;观光者→tourism n.旅游业
tradition n.传统;风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地
translate v.翻译→translation n.翻译;译文→translator n.翻译者;译员
treat v对待;看待→treatment n.治疗;疗法
true adj. 真的;真实的→truly adv.真实地;真正地→truth n. 真理;真相
U
unite vi.&vt.联合;团结→united adj.团结的;联合的→union n.联合;联盟;结合;协会
urge n.强烈的欲望v竭力主张→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.急切;急迫
.use vt.使用n.用途→usage n.使用;(词语的)用法;惯用法→useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的→usefully adv有用地/uselessly adv无用地
V
value n.价值,重要性v评价;重视→valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的→invaluable adj.极有用的;极宝贵的
vary vt.&vi.使多样化;变化→variety n.变化;多样化→various adj.各种各样的
violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ violently adv.强烈地→violence n.暴力
voluntary adj. 自愿的;无偿的→volunteer n.志愿者;义工
W
warm adj.温暖的;暖和的→warmth n.温暖;暖和
weak adj. 虚弱的;无力的→ weakly adv.虚弱地→weakness n.软弱;虚弱
wealth n.财富→wealthy adj.富有的;有钱的
Y
young adj.幼小的;未成熟的→youth n.青年时期;青年Part01
1.educate v.教育→ educate d adj.受过……教育的→ educational adj.与教育有关的→ education n.教育
2.develop v.开发；发展→ development n.开发→ developed adj. 发达的→ developing adj. 发展中的
3.finance n.财政，金融 → financial adj.财政的
4.undoubted adj.无疑的→ undoubtedly adv. 无疑地
5.astonish.使十分惊讶→ astonished adj感到惊讶的→astonishing adj 令人惊讶的→astonishment n. 惊讶
6.manry v.结婚，嫁，娶→ marriage n.结婚；婚姻
7.wealth n.财富→ wealthy adj.富裕的
8.accurate adj.准确的→accuracy n.准确性
9.education n.教育→ educational adj.有关教育的
10.require v.要求 → requirement n.必要条件
11.extreme adj.极度的→ extremely adv.极其
12.interesting adj.有趣的→ interest n.兴趣；吸引力
13.celebrate v.庆祝→ celebration n.庆典
14.certain adj.确定→ certainly adv.无疑；→certainty n.确定
15.beauty n.美 → beautiful adj.美丽的
16.curious adj.好奇的→ curiosity n.好奇心
17.gentle adj.轻轻的→ gently adv.轻轻地
18.poor adj.贫穷的→ poorly adv.糟糕地→poverty n.贫穷
19.believe v.相信→ belief n.信念；信心
20.final adj.最后的 → finally adv.最后
21.tradition n.传统 → traditional adj.传统的
22.huge adj.巨大的→ hugely adv.极度；非常
23.easy adj.容易的→ easily adv.容易地
24,connect v.连接 → connection/connections n.连接
25.tradition n.传统→ traditional adj.传统的
26.strong adj.强壮的→ strengthen v.加强→ strength n.优点
27.energy n.能量；精力 →energetic adj.精力充沛的
28.actual adj.实际的,真实的→ actually adv.实际上
29.pollute vt.污染 → pollution n.污染
30.globe n.地球仪；地球→ global adj.全球的，全世
31.challenge vt.向……挑战→ challenged adj.伤残的,
32.science n.科学→ scientist n.科学家
33.afford v.买得起；（有时间）做，能做→affordable adj.
34.weigh v.有……重；重→ weight n.重量；分量
35.recent adj.近来的；新近的→recently adv.最近；近来
36.care n.小心，谨慎→ careful adj.谨慎的
37.fair adj.合理的；恰当的→ fairly adv.公平地；相当地
38.introduce v.把……介绍（给）;引进→introduction n
39.success n.成功；胜利→successful adj.获得成功的；
40.educate v.(在学校)教育→education n.教育；培养
41.shine y.发光；反光→shiny adj.光亮的
42.effect n.效应，影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的
43.real adj.真的，真正的→ really adv.真正地
44.perfom v表演：演出→ performance n.表演；演出
45.achieve v.实现；→ achievement n.成就；成绩
46.atract x吸引，引起……的兴趣→ attraction n.喜爱，
47.acquaint vt.使熟悉；使了解→ acquaintance n.相
48.offcial adj.公务的；公职的一→ officially adv. 官方地；
49.act v.做事；行动→action n.行动；行为过程→active adj.→activity n.活动；
50.achieve V..实现；取得，达到→ achievement n.成就：
51.actual adj.真实的；实际的→ actually adv.真实
52.adapt v.(使）适应；改编→adaptation n.适应（性）；
53.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ gradually adv.逐渐地：
54.adjust vi.&vt.调整；（使）适合→ adjustable adj. adjustment n.调整；
55.develop v(使）成长，发展→development n.发展：
56.admire v.钦佩→admirable adj.可钦佩的；→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏
57.admit vt.允许进入；承认→ admission n.允许进入
58.surprise v.使惊奇，使诧异→surprising adj.令人
59.advance vt.&vi.前进；促进；提前n.前进；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
60.advantage n.有利因素；优势→ advantageous adj.
61.care n.小心；照料→ careful adj.细心的/caring adj.
62.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→ adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.大胆的；有冒险精神的
63.regular adj.规则的；有规律的→regularly adv.定期
64.advertise v.做广告→advertisement n.广告；启事
65.advise v.劝告；建议→ adviser n.顾问，提供意
66.affect v.影响；使改变→ effect n.影响；效果
67.able adj能够：有能力的→ ability n.能力，才能
68.age n.年龄→aged adj.年老的，年迈的
69.agree v.同意；赞成→ agreement n.协定；(意见
Part02
A
agriculture n.农业；农学 → agricultural adj.农业
abandon v放弃；遗弃；抛弃→abandoned adj.被
aim n.目标；目的vi.&vt.瞄准；力求→aimless adj.无目标的；无目的的
amaze vt.使吃惊→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的→amazement n.惊讶；惊愕
absent adj.缺席的；不在的→absence n.缺席，
ambition n.雄心；野心→ ambitious adj.有雄心的：
abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→ abundantly adv
amuse vu.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的→amused adj.愉快的→ amusement n.愉快地
anger n.愤怒→ angry adj.发怒的；生气的一angrily adv.生气地
announce v.宣布→announcement n.通告；公告；
annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的n.年刊；年鉴→annually adv.一年一次地
anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不
apology n.道歉；谢罪→apologize v.道歉；谢罪
appear v.出现；显得；似乎→appearance n.外观；
appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.任命；
appreciate v.感激；欣赏→appreciation n.感激；
approve v.赞成；批准→approval n.赞成；批准
apply v.申请；应用→applicant n.申请人→application申请
argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论→argument n.争论
arrange v.安排；筹划→ arrangement n.安排；
arrive v.到来；到达→arrival n.到来；到达；
ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n.羞愧；羞耻→shameful adj.可耻的
assist v.帮助；协助；援助→assistance n.帮助；协助→assistant n.助手；助理；售货员
associate v.联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴→ association联系
assume v.假定；设想；承担→assumption n.设想；假定；承担→assuming conj.假设
astonish vt.使惊诧→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊诧；震惊→astonished
attract vt.吸引；引起→attraction n.吸引力；喜爱→attractive adj.迷人的；有吸引力的
B
balance v.平衡；权衡n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.
bath n.洗澡;沐浴→bathe v洗澡;给(某人)洗澡
bear忍受;忍耐→bearable adj.可忍受的→ unbearable adj.难以忍受的;无法容忍的
beauty n.美丽→beautiful adj.美丽的
behave vt.&vi.举动;(举止或行为)表现→ behavio(u)r n.行为;举止;习性
believe v相信;认为→believable adj.可信的unbelievable adj 难以置信的→belief n.信念;信心
belong vi.应在(某处);适应→belongings n.财产;所有物.benefit n.利益;好处v使受益→beneficial adj.有益的; brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n. 勇敢;勇气
breath n.气息;呼吸→breathe呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的;呼吸急促的
brief adj.简短的;简要的n.摘要;大纲→briefly adv.简要地;短暂地
C
calculatev计算;核算→calculation n.计算
care v关注;在意n.照料;照顾→careful adj.小心的;仔细的→careless adj.不小心的;粗心的→carelessness n.粗心; caution n.小心;谨慎→cautious adj.小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv小心地;谨慎地
celebrate v庆祝→celebration n.庆祝;庆祝会
center n.中心点;中心→central adj.中央的;中心的
certain adj. 确实;确定的→uncertain adj. 不确定的→certainly adv.无疑;确定;当然
cheer v欢呼;喝彩→ cheerful adj. 快乐的;高兴的
collect v收集;采集→ collection n.收藏品
combine vt.&vi.(使)联合;(使)结合→combination n.结合体
comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv舒服地
commit v犯罪;承诺→commitment n.承诺;投人
communicate沟通;传达→communication n交流;传达
compete v竞争;对抗→competition n.竞争;角逐→competitorn.竞争者，对手→competitive adj.有竞争力的
concentrate vi.&vt.集中;聚集concentration n.专心;集中
concern vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n.担心;关注;(利害)关系→concerned adj.担心的;忧虑的→concerning prep.关于;涉及
concludeu推断出→conclusion n.结论
confident adj.自信的;有自信心的→confidence n.信心;信任
confuse vt.使困惑;混淆confused adj.困惑的;糊涂的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.迷惑;困惑
congratulatev祝贺;向……道喜→congratulation n.恭喜;祝贺
connect vt.&vi.(使)连接;联结→connection n.联系;连接
consequent adj.作为结果的;随之发生的→ consequently adv.所以;因而→consequence n.结果;影响
consider v考虑，细想→considerate adj.体贴的→consideration n.仔细考虑;斟酌→ considering prep.考虑到
consist vi.组成;在于; 一致→ consistence n.一致性→consistent adj.一致的
constant adj. 时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv不断地
construct v建筑;修建→construction n.建筑;建造→constructor n.建造者
contribute v捐献;捐赠→contribution n.贡献;捐献→contributor n.捐赠者
convenient adj.;方便的;附近的→→conveniently adv. 便利的地
convince v使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的
coincident adj.同时发生的→coincidence n.巧合(的事);
cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n.残忍;残酷
custom n.习惯;风俗→customer n.顾客;主顾
curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv好奇地→curiosity n. 好奇;好奇心
D
danger n.危险;风险→dangerous adj.危险的
.dark adj.漆黑的→darkness n.黑暗;漆黑→darkenvt.& vi.(使)变暗;变黑
date注明日期;过时→dated adj.过时的;陈旧的
decide v决定;选定→decision n.决定，抉择
declare v宣布;声明→declaration n.宣布;声明
decorate v装饰;装潢→decoration n.装饰物;装饰
deep adj.& adv深的(地)→deeply adv 深深地→deepen v使加深;使强烈;变深;变低沉→ depth n.深(度);深处
defend vt. & vi.保护;为……辩护→ defence n. 保护;防护
delight n. 快乐;高兴;喜悦vt.使高兴;使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的;快乐的→ delightful adj.令人高兴的
deliver v递送;生(小孩儿),接生;发表(演说等)→delivery n.投递;分娩
depend v依赖;依靠→dependence n.依赖;依靠→dependent adj.依赖的;依靠的→independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
describe vt.描述;形容→description n.形容;说明→ descriptive adj.描写的;叙述的
determine v决定;确定→determination n. 决心;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
develop v成长;发展→developing adj.发展中的→developed adj.发达的→development n.成长;发展
devote (与to连用)献身;专心于→devotion n.奉献;献身;忠诚→ devoted adj. 忠实的;深爱的
differ vi.不同;相异→ different adj. 不同的;有差异的→difference n.差异;不同
dificult adj.困难的→difficulty n.困难
direct vt.&vi.导演;指示;指挥adj.直的;直接的;直率的→direction n.指导;方向→director n.导演
→directly adv直接地;径直地conj 一……就……
E
edit v编辑→edition n.版(本);版次→ editor n.编辑
educate vt.教育;→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education n.教育→educational adj.教育的;有关教育的
effect n.结果;效应;影响→ effective adj. 有效的;有影响的
embarrass v使尴尬;使局促不安;使困窘→ embarrassed adj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→ embarrass ment n. 窘迫;难堪
employ v雇用→employer n.雇主;老板→employee n. 雇工;雇员→employment n. 工作;职业
encourage v鼓励;激励→ encouragement n.鼓励;激励→ encouraging adj.鼓励的;促进的
energy n.精力;能量;活力→ energetic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的
enjoy v欣赏;喜爱→ enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;使人快乐的→enjoyment n.愉快;快乐;乐趣
enter v进来;进去→entrance n.大门(口);入口(处)→entry n.进人(指权利、行动等)
entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐;款待→entertaining adj. 有趣的→entertainment n.娱乐
entire adj.整个的;完全的;全部的→entirely adv. 完全地;全然地;整个地
envy n..妒忌;美慕→envious adj.忌妒的:羡慕的
equal adj.相等的;平等的→equally adv.平等地→equality n.平等
equip装备;配备equipment n.装备;设备
exist v .存在;生存→existence n.存在;生活(方式)
expand &v.使变大;伸展→expansion n.扩大;膨胀
explain v解释;说明→explanation n.解释;说明18.expect预料;期待;期望;认为→expectation n.预料;期待;期望
expose vt.(与to用)暴露;揭露;使曝光→ exposure n.显露;揭露;曝光
express v表达;表示→expression n.表达;表示;表情
extreme adj.极度的;极大的→ extremely adv极其;极端
F
fantasy n.幻想;幻觉→fantastic adj.极好的;美妙的;很棒的
fail vt.&vi.失败→failure n.失败
favour n. 喜爱;恩惠vt.喜爱;偏袒→favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的→ favourite adj. 最喜爱的
fool v欺骗;愚弄n.愚人→foolish adj.愚蠢的
fortune n. 财产;运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv幸运地unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
free adj.自由的→ freedom n. 自由;自主
freeze v冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的;严寒的→frozen adj. 冻结的
furnish vt. 布置家具→ furnished adj. 配备家具的→furniture n.家具
G
gentle adj.文静的;慈祥的;温柔的→ gently adv.温柔地;温和地
gift n.礼物;赠品;天赋;天才→ gifted adj.有天才的;有天赋的
govern vt.&vi.统治;支配;管理→government n.政府
graduate n.毕业→graduation n.毕业
greed n.贪婪;贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的
greet vt.迎接;问候→greeting n.问候;招呼
grow v.增长;生长→ growth n.增长;生长n.指引;指导;领导
guide n.指导;向导;导游vt.指引;指导→guidance
guilt n. 内疚;犯罪;有罪→ guilty adj.犯罪的;有罪的;内疚的
H
hand n.手→handful n.一把;少量
harm n. &v 伤害;损伤→ harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj.无害的
health n.健康(状况)→healthy adj.健康的;健壮的
heat v加热;变热→heated adj.加热的;激烈的
help n.&v帮助→helpful adj.有帮助的→helpless adj. 无助的
hesitate vi.&vt.犹豫;踌躇→hesitation n.犹豫:踌躇
hope vi.&vt. 希望，期望→hopeless adj.绝望的→hopeful adj.有希望的,怀有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地
horror n. 震惊;恐惧→horrible adj.极坏的;十分讨厌的→horribly adv.糟糕地
humor n.幽默(感)→humorous adj. 幽默的
hunger n.饥饿;饥荒→hungry adj.感到饿的;饥饿的→hungrily adv.饥饿地
I
identify vt.确认;识别;鉴别→identification n.辨认;鉴定→identity n.身份;一致;同一性
ignore vt.不理睬;忽视→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj. 无知的;不了解的
ill adj.有病;不舒服→ illness n.疾病
impress vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→ impressive adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象
improve v. 提高，改善→improvement n.改善;改进
important adj.重要的→importance n.重要(性)
independent adj.独立的;自主的→independence n.独立;自主
indicate vt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indication n.迹象
inform vt.告知;通知→informed adj.有知识的见闻广的
injure vt.损害;伤害→injury n.伤害;损害→injured adj.受伤的
innocent adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n.清白;无罪
instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv 立即;即刻
1inspire vt.鼓舞;激发;→inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.鼓舞;
instruct vt.命令;指示;教导→instruction n.命令;指示→instructive adj.教育的;有启发的
intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→intelligently adv聪明地→intelligence n.智力;聪明;智能
intend vt.&v.计划;打算→intention n.意图;目的
interest n.兴趣:使感兴趣→interested adj.感兴趣的→interesting adj.有趣的
interview n.&v面试→interviewer n. 采访者;提问者→interviewee n.参加面试者;被采访者
introduce v介绍;引进→introduction n.介绍;引进
invent v发明;创造→invention n.发明;创造→inventor n. 发明者;发明家
invite v邀请→ invitation n.邀请→adj. inviting 诱人的
J
joy n. 高兴;愉快→joyful adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的
.judge v 认为;判断→judgement n. 意见;看法;判断力
.just adj. 公正的;正义的→ justice n. 公平;公正
K
kind adj.体贴的;慈祥的→kindness n.仁慈;善良→kindly adv体贴地;慈祥地
L
large adj. 大的;大规模的→ largely adv在很大程度上，主要地→enlarge扩大;扩充
late adj.迟的;晚的→latter adj.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的;最近的
laugh笑;发笑→ laughter n. 笑;笑声
lazy adj.懒散的;懒惰的→lazily adv懒散地;懒惰地→laziness n. 懒散;懒惰
limit v限制;限定n.界限;限度→limited adj. 有限的
long adj.长的→length n. 长度;长→ lengthen u加长
loss n.损失;遗失;丧失→ lose 丢失
M
major adj.主要的;重要的→majority n. 大部分;大多数
manage v负责;管理;设法做成→manager n.经理;管理者→management n.经营;管理
marry v结婚;嫁;娶→marriage n. 婚姻→married adj.已婚的
mean意思是;表示……的意思→meaning n. 意义;意思
memory n.记忆力;记性→ memorial adj.纪念的;悼念的
mess n.脏或乱的状态→ messy adj.脏的，乱的
mistake n.错误弄错，误解→mistaken adj.错误的;不正确的
misunderstand vt.&vi.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会
mix vt.&vi.混合;调配→mixture n.混合物
mountain n. 高山;山岳→mountainous adj. 多山的
move移动;前进→ movement n.运动;活动→moving adj.动人的;令人感动的
music n. 音乐→musical adj. 音乐的;喜爱音乐的→musician n.音乐家
N
nation n. 国家;民族→national adj.国家的;民族的→nationality n.国籍
nature n.自然界;大自然→natural adj.自然的;天然的
noise n.噪声→noisy adj.喧闹的;嘈杂的→ noisily adv. 喧闹地;嘈杂地
north n. 北;北方→northern adj.北方的;向北的
O
observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守→observation n.观察;观测
occasion n.时机，机会;场合→occasional adj.偶然的;临时的;特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶然地;不时地
occupy使用，占用→occupation n.工作;职业;侵占→occupied adj.使用中;忙于
operate v做手术;运转;操作;控制;经营→ operation n.手术;经营;业务→operator n.操作人员;技工
oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的;
organize vt.组织;成立→organizer n.组织者→organization n.组织→organized adj.有组织的
P
pain n.痛;痛苦→painful adj.疼痛的;痛苦的
participate vi.参与;参加→participation n.参加;→participant n.参与者
patience n.忍耐;耐心→patient adj.耐心的
peace n.和平;太平→peaceful adj.平静的;和平的→peacefully adv 和平地;平静地
perfect adj.完备的;完美的→perfectly adv.完全地;非常
perform vt. &vi. 表演;演出→ performance n.表演;演出→performer n. 表演者;演员
permit vt.&vi.许可;允许;准许n.通行证;许可证;执照→permission n.许可;允许
person n.人→personal adj.个人的;私人的→personality n. 个性;性格;人品
physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的;身体的;物质的→physicist n.物理学家
please v使高兴;使满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的→pleased adj.高兴的→pleasing adj.令人高兴的
→pleasure n.愉快;快乐;乐事
poison n.毒药;毒物vt.毒害;使中毒→ poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的
politics n.政治(学);政治活动→political adj.政治的;政府的
pollutev污染→pollution n.污染
popular adj.流行的;通俗的; 受欢迎的→ popularity n.受人喜爱;流行
possess v.拥有; → possession n.拥有;具有
possible adj.可能的→impossible adj.不可能的可能性→possibly adv.可能;或许→possibility n. 可能;可能性
power n.能力;力量;权力→ powerful adj.强大的;有力的→powerless adj.无能为力的;无权的
predict vt. 预言;预告;预测→ prediction n.预言→predictor n.预示物;预测器
prefer更喜欢;偏爱→preference n.喜爱;偏爱
prepare v准备;预备preparation.准备;预备
press v按;压→ pressure n. 压力
pride n.自豪;骄傲→proud adj.骄傲的;自豪的
private adj.私有的;私用的→privacy n.隐私;
probable adj.很可能发生的→probably adv.很可 能;大概
profession n.职业;专业→professional adj.专业的n.专业人员
promote v促进;推动→promotion n.提升;提拔
pronounce v;拼pronunciation n.发音
R
react vi.起反应;回应→ reaction n. 反应;回应
real adj. 真的;真正的→reality n. 真实;现实→realize v 理解,领会;实现→realization n.实现;认识，领悟
reason n.理由;原因→reasonable adj. 合乎情理的→unreasonable adj.不合理的;不公正的
recover vi.&vt.痊愈;恢复;重新获得→ recovery n.恢复;复苏;康复
refer vi.谈到;查阅;参考→reference n.提及;涉及;参考;查阅
relax v放松;休息→relaxation n.放松;休息→relaxed adj.轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的
religion n.宗教;宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教信仰的;宗教的
rely v依赖;依靠→reliable adj. 可信赖的;可依靠的
remain v仍然是;保持不变;剩余→remaining adj. 留下的;剩余的
10.represent代表;作为……的代言人→representative n.代表(人)
require v需要;依靠→requirement n.需要(要求)的事物;必要条件
respect v尊敬;尊重→respectful adj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectable adj.体面的;得体的
.resist v抵抗;对抗→resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的→resistance n.抵抗
ripe adj.成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.使……成熟;成熟
rob vt.抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery n.抢劫(行为)→robber n.强盗;盗贼
rude adj.粗鲁的;无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n.粗鲁
S
sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲哀;忧伤
safe adj. 安全的→ safety n.安全
satisfyv满意;满足→satisfaction n.满意;满足satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的
scare vt.恐吓 vi. 受惊吓→ scared adj.恐惧的;害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的,可怕的
science n.科学;自然科学→scientist n.科学家→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientifically adv科学(上)地
secure adj.安心的;有把握的→security n.保护措施;安全工作→insecure adj.缺乏信心的;无把握的
self n. 自身;本身→selfish adj.自私的→selfishness n.自私→unselfish adj. 无私的;忘我的
sense n.(对某物的)感觉→sensible adj.明智的;理智的
separate vt.&vi(使)分离，分散→separation n.分离;分开
serve vt.&vi.(给某人)提供;端上→service n.(对顾客的)接待，服务→servant n.仆人,用人
shame n.遗憾;羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的;厚颜的→ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的
sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的→sharpen vt.&vi. 削尖;磨快;尖锐;变锋利→sharpener n.卷笔刀
sign v签名→signature n.署名;签字
significant adj.重要的→significance n.意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
silent adj.不说话的;沉默的→silence n.沉默;缄默
simple adj.简单的;简易的→ simply adv 简单地→simplifyv使简化;使简易
sleepv睡觉→sleepy adj.困倦的:瞌睡的
starve vt.&vi.(使)挨饿;饿死→starvation n.挨饿，饥饿
succeed v成功;达到success n.成功→successful adj成功的→successfully adv成功地
sudden adj.突然的→suddenly adv突然;突如其来地
.suffer vt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历→suffering n.折磨;苦难
suggestv建议;提议→suggestion n.建议
suit v对(某人)方便;相配;适合→ suitable adj合适的;适宜的
surround vt.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.(复数)周围的事物;环境
survive vi.幸免;幸存;生还→survival n.幸存→survivor n. 幸存者
swell vi.&vt.(使)膨胀;隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
T
talent n. 天才;特殊能力;才干→ talented adj. 有才气的;有才能的
taste n.味道;滋味→tasty adj. 美味的;可口的
tendv倾向;照顾→tendency n.倾向;趋势
terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的→terribly adv.非常;很
terrify vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的;受惊吓的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
terror n. 恐惧→ terrible adj.糟糕的;可怕的
thirst n.口渴;干渴感→thirsty adj.渴的;口渴的
tolerate vt.容忍;忍受→tolerance n.容忍
tour n.旅行;观光;参观→tourist n.旅行者;观光者→tourism n.旅游业
tradition n.传统;风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地
translate v.翻译→translation n.翻译;译文→translator n.翻译者;译员
treat v对待;看待→treatment n.治疗;疗法
true adj. 真的;真实的→truly adv.真实地;真正地→truth n. 真理;真相
U
unite vi.&vt.联合;团结→united adj.团结的;联合的→union n.联合;联盟;结合;协会
urge n.强烈的欲望v竭力主张→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的→urgency n.急切;急迫
.use vt.使用n.用途→usage n.使用;(词语的)用法;惯用法→useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的→usefully adv有用地/uselessly adv无用地
V
value n.价值,重要性v评价;重视→valuable adj.很有用的;很重要的→invaluable adj.极有用的;极宝贵的
vary vt.&vi.使多样化;变化→variety n.变化;多样化→various adj.各种各样的
violent adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ violently adv.强烈地→violence n.暴力
voluntary adj. 自愿的;无偿的→volunteer n.志愿者;义工
W
warm adj.温暖的;暖和的→warmth n.温暖;暖和
weak adj. 虚弱的;无力的→ weakly adv.虚弱地→weakness n.软弱;虚弱
wealth n.财富→wealthy adj.富有的;有钱的
Y
young adj.幼小的;未成熟的→youth n.青年时期;青年一. 邀请信
好句背诵
1. I'm now writing on behalf of the classmates to invite you to come and attend it, if you can spare the time.我代表同学写信邀请您来参加，如果您能抽出时间的话。
2. I sincerely invite you to watch the show because…我诚挚地邀请您来看演出，因为…...
3. You can reach me through my phone number 44876655 at your convenience.您可以在您方便的时候打我的电话，号码是 44876655。
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要点包括：
1. 时间：周五晚 8 点至 9 点
2. 地点：学生俱乐部
3. 内容：唱生日歌、吃蛋糕、玩游戏等
4. 要求：备小礼物
Hi, Susan,
We're throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming’s birthday.
As scheduled, all the classmates in our class will gather at the Students' Centre at 8 pm this Friday evening to celebrate Xiaoming's birthday. We would feel much honored if you could come and enjoy it, which is to finish at 9, lasting an hour.
As the party starts, we will light the candles and sing "Happy Birthday" for him. Then the birthday cake will be presented and cut for all of us to enjoy, following which we'll sing songs and play some small games. What's more, as a surprise, we'll all prepare some secret birthday gifts for him, and it'll be great to see how surprised he will be seeing the gifts. As it's a surprise party, he will know nothing about it beforehand, and we do hope that you could manage to attend it.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours
Li Hua
二. 询问/回复信
好句背诵
1. I am writing to ask for more information about it.我写信来询问更多关于它的消息。
2. There are some pieces of information that I'd like to share with you.有一些消息我想要和你分享。
3. The most significant thing you should keep in mind is that…你需要记住的最重要的事情是......
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况(箭头所指内容)。
ENJOY A RELAXING STUDY BREAK
IN BEAUTIFUL LANCASTER
-----------------------------------------
LANGUAGE CENTRE AND COLLEGE OF ARTS
UNIVERSITY OF LANCASTER
Languages * English * French * Spanish
Arts * Politics * Sociology * History
3wk, 6wk and 12wk courses
***
Reasonable fees
***
Accommodation service
Dear Sir / Madam,
I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. I've seen your ad, and I'd like to know something more about your six-week English courses.
First, when will the course start and how many Class hours are there per week Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.
Would there be host family or university dormitory
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
三. 请求/求助信
好句背诵
1. I would be very grateful if you could… 如果您能……我将感激不尽。
2. I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand.如您能帮助我，我将感激不尽。
3. Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to receiving your earliest reply.谢谢您的关注，期待收到您尽早的回复。
4. If you need further information, do let me know.如您需要更多的信息，请告知我。
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华。请你给笔友 Peter 写封信，告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机。信中还需说明：
李明：高个子，戴眼镜
航班号：CA985
到达：8月6日上午11：30
Dear Peter,
How are you doing？I'm writing to tell you that my uncle LiMing is going to have a meeting in your city. Do you remember the Chinese painting I promised you last year My uncle will bring it to you soon. I hope you will like it.
I wonder if you could do me a favor. This is the first time that my uncle visits the US, so I hope you can meet him at the airport. He arrives at 11 ： 30 a.m on August 6th and his flight number is CA 985. I would appreciate it if you could take him to his hotel. My uncle is tall. He will be wearing dark glasses and a blue jacket.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
四. 申请/求职信
好句背诵
1. I sincerely hope that my application could be favorably considered.我真诚地希望我的申请会被考虑。
2. The ad is really very appealing to me, so I'm now writing to you in the hope of filling in the job vacancy.这则广告非常吸引我，所以我写信给您希望能够填补这个职位的空缺。
3. I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because…我真的希望得到这次珍贵的机会，因为......
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，从互联网 (the Internet) 上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡 (Singapore) 举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括：
1. 自我介绍（包括英语能力）；
2. 参加意图（介绍中国、了解其他国家）；
3. 希望获准。
Dear Sir or Madam
The other day I happened to read your advertisement on the Internet, saying that you are holding a summer camp aimed at students from around the world, and I'm interested to participate in it.
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student in China. As a teenager, I'm interested in making friends with kids of my age from around the world. Your camp will provide a good chance for me to know a lot about other countries and tell them something about China. What's more, I can improve my English, communicating with people from other countries.
I do hope that I can be lucky enough to be admitted to your camp.
Looking forward to your reply.
Regards,
Li Hua
五. 建议信
好句背诵
1. Almost perfect as it is, it should make more improvement in some area.虽然它近乎完美，但是它在一些方面也需要改进。
2. And I've found that my problem lies chiefly in two aspects. For one thing, … For another thing, …我发现我的问题主要在于两个方面。一方面，…... 另一方面， …...
3. I believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.我相信，有了老师和学生的共同努力，我们学校会在不久的将来成为一个更令人快乐的地方。
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，你所喜爱的 Global Mirror 周报正值创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：
1. 说明你是该报的忠实读者；
2. 赞赏该报优点
1) 兼顾国内外新闻
2) 介绍名人成功故事；
3. 提出建议：刊登指导英语学习的文章。
Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror！
I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons. First, it covers both national and international news so that, by simply turning the pages, I can learn all important things that have happened during the week. Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people, which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.
As a young student, I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning, and I hope that it will become even more popular.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
六. 感谢/祝福信
好句背诵
1. I'm writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude to you for teaching me the English song.我写信来达对你教我英文歌的衷心感谢！
2. Without your help, the performance couldn't have been that successful.没有您的帮助，表演不会有那么成功。
3. I'd like to express my thanks for your hospitality and kindness when | was in America.我想感谢您对我在美国时的好客和友好。
4. In addition, what has impressed me most is…而且，最让我感动的是......
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫 (panda)，一直通过有关网站 (website)关注三年前在美国圣地亚哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：
1. 自我介绍；
2. 祝贺苏琳生日；
3. 感谢工作人员；
4. 索取苏琳三岁生日昭
Dear Sir/Madam,
Greetings from China!
This is Li Hua, a student in China，I've been fond of pandas since my childhood. Since three years ago, when the panda Baiyun gave birth to a baby panda Sulin, I have been visiting your website to keep myself informed about how things are going for them. If Iremember clearly, she will turn three soon. I want to say happy birthday to her and express my thanks to you for your hard work, with which she has been brought up and has been living happily with her parents in the US.
By the way, I wonder if I could have a photo taken of Sulin on her third birthday. Thank you very much in advance.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
七. 投诉信
好句背诵
1. Taking into account all three factors above, I request that the company should have a change of it for me as soon as possible.考虑到以上的三个因素，我要求公司要为我尽快换一个新的。
2. But we are regretful to find that it cannot work normally.但是，我们很遗憾地发现它不能正常地工作。
3. Your prompt attention and early reply will be appreciated.感谢您即时的关注和及早的回复。
4. I am waiting for a reasonable explanation and expecting an early reply.我在等待一个合理的解释，并期待及早回复。
满分佳作赏析
假如你是李华，昨天在商场购买了一台电风扇，回家后发现它不能运转。你回到店里与营业员交涉时，该营业员对你的态度恶劣，对你提出的问题不予受理。请你为此向经理写一封投诉信。
Dear Manager,
I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint.
Yesterday I bought an electric fan in your shop, but when I got home and turned it on, it didn't work. So I took it back and talked to the assistant about the problem. To my surprise, instead of helping me solve the problem, the man, in a rude manner, refused to examine it.
Generally, your shop is well-known for good service and that is why I bought the electric fan in your shop. I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred in your shop.
I am waiting for a reasonable explanation and expecting an early reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
八. 道歉信
好句背诵
1. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of answering your letter in time.我十分抱歉没有时向信。
2. Anyhow, I sincerely hope that we can fix another time for...无论如何，我真心希望我们可以再找一个时间......
3. I'm awfully sorry for the sudden change of plan feel it a great pity to miss the opportunity.对突然的改变我感到十分抱歉，对错过这个机会感到很可惜。
满分佳作赏析
假如你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友Tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：
1. 未及时回信的原因
2. 你假期的打算（如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等）。
Dear Tom
I I'm terribly sorry I couldn't reply to your email which you sent me a week ago immediately. I was so occupied with the final exams.
As for the coming summer holiday, I will first do a part time job in a fast-food restaurant. Not only will I earn some money but I will also gain some social experience through it. And then | will go on a trip to Sichuan, where there are a great number of places of interest. Finally, go to Ya'an to work as a volunteer. There is no doubt that children there are badly in need of help. I hope what I will do will make a great difference to them.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
九. 观点议论
满分佳作赏析
某英文报社组织了题为“我喜欢的英语谚语 " 征文活动，你有意参加。请从下面两句谚语中任选一句作为标题写一篇英语作文，内容须包括：
1. 该谚语的含义；
2. 体现该谚语含义的个人经历。
a) A friend in need is a friend indeed.
b) Where there's a will, there‘s a way.
参考词汇：谚语 proverb
A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
A life without friends is a life without sunshine! Friends try their best to help you without thinking of what they can get from it.
Once I doubted the usefulness of study, losing my interests and direction, even confidence. Finally, I decided to stop studying. After knowing the news, my friend encouraged me patiently. She insisted on persuading me until I promised to give up this thought.
Later, I made up my mind to study hard so as to enter my dream university.
Many people will be in and out of your life, but only true friends will leave footprints in your heart. True friends always come to you when you need help.
Where There's a Will, There's a way
Among all the instructive proverbs, the one I like most is "Where there is a way, there is a way", which tells us that we should stick to our dreams.
For me the saying has special meaning. When I was in Junior Middle School , I was so poor in my studies that I nearly gave up. But my head-teacher was always there and give me confidence every time I lost heart. He used to say, "A little more effort and you will make it”Thanks to my dearest teacher, all my efforts paid off and finally I became a top student.
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. As long as you keep trying, you'll make it.
十. 记叙描写
好句背诵
1. With the economy developing rapidly, I'm glad to see our city is taking on a new look.随着经济的快速发展，我非常高兴地看到我们的城市呈现出新的面貌。
2. Over the past twenty years or so, great changes have taken place in our life.过去的二十年左右，我们的生活发生了重大的变化。
3. Tired as I was, I never felt so happy.尽管很累，我没有觉得这么开心。
满分佳作赏析
一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”，请根据下列要点和你的想象完成短文。
1. 家庭；
2. 工作；
3. 业余生活。
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I would like to give a general picture of my future life in ten years.
First of all, I will have a warm family where family members will love each other and care about each other. As for me, since being a teacher is my dream, I'm sure that this dream will come true then. I wish to teach foreign students traditional Chinese culture in a college at that time and I will certainly introduce China to the world. Time permitting，I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.
Such will be my future life, the one I have been dreaming of.
十一. 说明介绍
好句背诵
1. As the saying goes, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.俗话有说，入乡随俗。
2. It takes over ten experts and professors four years to finish this dictionary.这本词典由十多位专家、教授花费四年时间编纂而成。
满分佳作赏析
假设你是晨光中学高二（ 1 ）班的班长李华，得知美国学生 Chris 作为交换生，下学期将到你班学习。请你根据以下提示，给他写封邮件：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍与本地生活相关的信息（如天气、饮食）
3. 介绍本班情况。
参考词汇：交换生 exchange student
Dear Chris
I'm Li Hua, the monitor of Class One Grade Eleven.
I ' m very excited about your coming to our school next term as an exchange student.
Firstly, I'd like to tell you about the weather in my city, which is often windy and cold in winter. So you should bring your warm clothes. Secondly, would you mind eating noodles Because people here mainly live on wheat flour. However, don't worry about it. You will have no difficulty in finding western food. Thirdly, I want to introduce our class to you. The teachers in our school are not only experienced and knowledgeable, but also patient and understanding. Everyone in my class is active. I hope you will soon become a member of our Class.
l'm looking forward to your coming.
Yours
Li Hua
十二. 发言/演讲稿
好句背诵
1. Today I am very glad to have the chance to run for the vice president of the English Club.今天，我非常高兴有机会来竞选英语俱乐部的副主席。
2. It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.我们是带着真诚来创造一个和谐的气氛的。
3. I am sure that with your great efforts, you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.我相信在您的不懈努力，您在这里会有一个丰硕多彩的人生。
满分佳作赏析
假设你是某大学的学生李华，你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选，请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。
1. 个人的优势介绍（如性格、特长等）：
2. 工作设想：
3. 表达竞选的愿望。
参考词汇：副主席 vice president 竞选 run for
Good afternoon, my dear friends.
My name is Li Hua. Today I am very glad to have the chance to run for the vice president of the English Club. I feel qualified to take the job. Not only have I gained a lot of experience from my job as monitor but I am also good at organizing activities.
Looking in the future, I will try my best to assist the president and serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the vice president. For one thing, I will organize some campus activities, like "English Evening", a platform where students can show their English. For another, I will organize more activities to enhance the interschool communication.
I sincerely hope YO u will give me a chance.
Thank you.
十三. 地方介绍
好句背诵
1. The street is to the south of Tian'anmen Square.这条街在天安门广场的南边。
2. It can date back to six hundred years and has a length of about 800 metres，along which lie 300 shops.它可以追溯到600年前，有800米长，两边有300家商店。
3. It's a small flat of 25 square meters, with a bedroom a bathroom and a kitchen.这是一个25平方米的小公寓，有一个卧室、一个浴室和一个厨房。
4. The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River.这座城市坐落在长江边上。
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Sarah 打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容：
1. 简况：长 800 余米、 600 多年历史、 300 余家商铺；
2. 位置：天安门广场南面；
3. 交通：公共汽车 17 、 69 、 59 等路，地铁2号线；
4. 特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。
参考词汇：步行街 pedestrian street 当当车 trolley car 地铁 subway
Dear Sarah,
Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt of Qianmen Street. Here is something about it. Qianen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old. Along this 800-metre street, there are more than 300 shops.
As the street is in the center of Beijing, just to the south of Tian'anmen Square, it's very convenient to get there by bus. You may take buses NO. 11, 69 or 59！Subway Line 2 has a stop there too. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to the theaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life. I'm sure you'll like it.
Yours
Li Hua
十四. 活动安排
好句背诵
1. The following are our preliminary arrangements for your review and comments.
以下是我们初步的安排，供您审阅和提建议。
2. Please feedback whether you're satisfied with this schedule, and we will make some changes if necessary.
请反馈您是否满意这个安排，如果需要我们将会作出改变。
3. If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.
如果有我可以帮忙的，我将非常乐意。
满分佳作赏析
假设你是李华，加拿大一所学校将于今年暑假组织学生来你校访问。其间， Andy smith 将借住你家。请你代表全家写信给 Andy ，欢迎他的到来，并告知有关事宜。信的要点如下：
上午：学校活动
下午：游览市区
晚上：看电视，玩游戏，聊天
参考词汇：安排 arrange
Dear Andy,
I am glad to learn that you are coming to China and will stay at my home. My parents and I are very pleased to have you with us. Now let me tell you what we have arranged for you.
I know the school will organize a lot of things for you to do in the morning, but in the afternoon show you around and take you to some places of interest. We'll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.
I'm sure we'll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other's company. l'm looking forward very much to meeting you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
十五. 报道/调查
好句背诵
1. Recently, a survey has been done to find out …最近，进行了一次调查去了解......
2. One thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in HuBei Province were interviewed.湖北省10间学校的一千名中学生参与了调查。
3. The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.调查发现超过一半的学生最喜欢读新闻。
4. The survey shows that half of the girls choose..., while 48 ％ of the boys …调查发现一半的女生选... ，而48%的男生...
5. In order to celebrate the 90th birthday of our Party and enrich our lives, our school has organized a patriotic song concert recently.为了庆祝建党90周年，丰富大家的文化生活，我们学校最近举办了一次爱国歌曲演唱会。
满分佳作赏析
受某英文报的委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇 100 词左右的短文。短文的标题及首句己为你写好。
调查内容：在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英文文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种
调查范围：湖北省的 10 所中学
调查对象：高中生调查人数： 1200
调查方式：访谈
Reading Interests of Senior Middle School Students
Recently, a survey has been on to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.
ln this survey, one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewd. They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles: news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.
The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most. Twenty-six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite. Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods. However, the number of the students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.
十六. 启事
好句背诵
1. Our school is looking for a native speaker of English to …我们学校正在找一位英语母语者来......
2. If you are interested in the job information, please reply to me as soon as possible.如果你对工作信息感兴趣，请尽快回复我。
3. You can also write to ccc20091201@ to inform me.你也可以发邮件到 CCC20091201 @ 来通知我。
4. The main responsibilities of the advisor include...顾问的主要职责包括......
5. If you are interested, please call Li Hua at 13011223344 for an interview.如果您感兴趣，请致电13011223344 找李华安排面试。
满分佳作赏析
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友 Peter 表示希望来中国教书。你校现在需招聘外教，请给他写封信，告知招聘信息。内容主要包括：
1. 教授课程：英语口语、英语写作、今日美国、今日英国等；
2. 授课对象：高中生（至少三年英语基础）；
3. 工作量：每周 12 学时，任选三门课，担任学生英语俱乐部或英语校报顾问 (advisor)。
Dear Peter,
I remember you told me you were interested teaching in china. Now, here is some good news that I hope will appeal to you.
You see, our school is looking for a native speaker of English to teach some courses to the senior high school students, who have at least three years of English learning experiences. The courses include speaking, writing, Britain Today and America Today, from which you are expected to choose three to teach. Once you are employed, you are expected to work 12 hours a week. Besides teaching you also have to work as an advisor to our Students' English Club or our school's English newspaper.
If you are interested in the job information, please reply to me as soon as possible. Meanwhile, I'm always ready to help you with questions you might come up with.
Yours,
Li Hua
十七. 倡议
好句背诵
1. As high school students, it's our duty to tell everyone around us to save water.作为高中生，告诉身边的每一个人节约用水是我们的责任。
2. Let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little every day, every hour and every minute.让我们从现在开始每天努力一点点，抓紧每一天、每一小时、每一分钟。
满分佳作赏析
假如你是育才中学学生会主席李华，针对目前一些地方血库纷纷告急的情况，请参照以下提示，用英文写一份倡议书，提倡无偿献血 (donate blood for free)
要点提示：
1. 社会上对献血的错误认识；
2. 指出献血的意义；
3. 开展相关活动。
Boys and girls,
Recently some blood banks across the country are reported to be in short supply of blood.
Some people hold the wrong idea that donating blood does harm to the donor's health. But the truth is that when a small amount of blood is taken out, the body will make a quick adjustment to work normally.
As we know, donating blood is of great importance. Blood is important to patients, without which many can't survive. Among young people like us, donating blood is a social responsibility.
We senior high school students, who have a better understanding of medical knowledge, should set a good example for other people. From now on, our school will hold a series of activities to explain the benefits of donating blood.
Donate now and save a life!
The Students' Union
十八. 留言/请假条
好句背诵
1. Since you were out, I have to leave this note to you.既然你出去了，我只好给你张便条了。
2. I am sorry that I can't attend the party to be held this Friday at your apartment.很抱歉我不能参加星期五在你公寓举办的派对。
3. I wonder if it is possible for the talk to be recorded.我想是否有可能把讲座录音。
满分佳作赏析
假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs.Wilson 不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs. Wilson写一留言条，内容包括：
1. 外出购物
2. 替房东还书
3. Tracy 来电话留言:
1 ）咖啡屋（Bolton Coffee）见面取消
2 ）此事己告知 Susan
3 ）尽快回电
Mrs. Wilson
I'm going out shopping and won't be back until about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 o'clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn't meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-countryrun. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothysmile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid thatkids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably.“I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well — he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as aregular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer — that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.
Paragraph 2:
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
范文1
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. With a sorrowful expression hanging on his face, David sat around motionlessly and helplessly, his head drooping powerlessly.Clenching my teeth, I took a deep breath and patted him to get his attention in a discreet and scrupulous manner. Under his gaze I took the plunge to persuade him, “No one will laugh at those who pursued success with painstaking effort. Just believe yourself!"It was not long before David stood up determinedly and earnestly, strode to the starting line and gave me a firm look back.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. Within a moment or two, the big cross-country run began, after which I stood still, only to see David's figure disappearing from my sight slowly. Immediately, I arrived at the finish line by taxi to wait for David's arrival. After what seemed like ages, David crossed the finish line, exhausted but thrilled. Seeing this sense, I flip-flopped from an anxious state to irreversible delight in a flash. However, what moved me most was the moment that David rushed to me and convey his gratitude to me that it was my encouragement that snatched his last hesitation, for which it empowered him to have a burning desire to finish the competition and feel the excitement of conquering himself.
范文2
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He just lowered his head, obviously in a low spirit. I caressed his head, comforting him gently. A short moment's silence, he burst out into tears, saying it was not his real choice not to participate in the cross-country run. His worry was that kids from other different schools would laugh at his awkward behavior. “So it's time to prove yourself. With your persistent practice, you can make it!” He looked at me trustfully. With my warm words and high five, he raised and headed forwards firmly.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. Signal rung out, the student athletes shot like arrows, except him. He swung his feet forward with great efforts. Strong determination and perseverance led him to finish the run as regular kids. Though arriving at the finishing line long behind others, David held his hands high with the gesture of “V”, winning applauses from the audience! Splendid smiles on his face bloomed just like flowers in summer. Indeed, I wish someday the challenges children in special schools would inspire them to be better persons.
范文3
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. He just looked down and sadness flashed his face.“Maybe my coach is right.”His voice was so low that I scarcely heard it. “Never mind,my boy!”I snatched David’s hands, looking into his eyes,“As long as you have a strong will, you can do what you want to do! Don’t care what other people think of you.”“Really ”David murmured, his starry eyes glittering as the amber-like sunshine.“Definitely!”I cupped my mouth and exclaimed,“Come on! You will be the best!”
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. It was at that moment that I saw David’s determination. The race began and all the children ran as fast as they could. David also tried his best but he was still the last one to arrive. However, when he came to the finishing line, the crowd burst into thunderous applause. Words failed to convey my feeling. I just congratulated him with a big hug.“I made it!”David’s usual toothy smile came back again, which left a deep impression on me. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
范文4
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. With head down and shoulders trembling, obviously, he was trying hard to hide his disappointment. Gently putting my arms around him, I asked with care: “ You still wanna try, don’t you ” He nodded, tears starting to roll down and wetting my shirt. A while later when he finally calmed down, I told him how I appreciated his determination confronted with challenges. “Everyone believes in you, and your efforts in practice won’t let you down, either.” Grinning his usual big toothy smile, David regained confidence and agreed to have a try.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. At that very moment, David’s small figure seemed tall and impressive in my eyes. The cross-country run was not easy for him, though, especially with so many ambitious runners competing. His unusual way of rocking from side to side made him unusual among the runners, yet nobody laughed at him. Instead, along the way, other kids passing by cast a smile and thumbed up at him. As expected, David finished his run as usual long after others, but he earned respect with every step of determination and proved he was as regular as everyone else.
范文5
We sat down next to each other but David wouldn't look at me.He just kept his eyes fixed on the kids who were warming up for the event near the starting line,” Don't you really want to have a try ”, I asked. “Yes, I do, but I'm afraid the kids from other school will laugh at me.” David lowered his head, murmuring in depress. Hearing that, I encouraged him , “ You always participated to the best of your ability in whatever your classmates were doing and on one regards you as a different one. And you have never missed a singal practice for the event. Why don't you follow your heart ”. Pushed by me, he looked up at me thoughtfully. Then he stood up, giving me a determined look.
I watched a stave moved on to the starting line with other runners.When the starters gun sounded, a lot of runners ran like wind. David struggled, with his small body rocking from side to side. Along the way, some kids from other schools noticed David was different, but out of the coach expectation, they didn't laugh at him but clapped to encourage him , moved by his strong will. As other runners reached the finish line one by one, I was waiting there, feeling so anxious about whether David could finish the task. After what seemed a centure, a small figure finally appeared in the distance. As David crossed the finish line, raising his arms in triumph, the crowd burst out thunderous applause and cheers, including the coach . At the award ceremony, David was awarded the award for the most outstanding performance.
范文6
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. I squatted down and patted David on his shoulder. I looked at David's little face and said gently, “we all appreciate your courage and determination to overcome the challenges. We believe in you!” I nodded at him, encouraging David to participate in the big cross-country run. I pointed to the route through the thick evergreen forest. David's eyes were brimming with radiating vigor, and his big toothy smile spread again. Without any hesitation, David swung his feet to the starting line.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. All of the runners clapped their hands, welcoming David to join them. The starter’s gun sounded, and David lurched forward with the other children, running awkwardly on his toes. Although he faced a great challenge, David really made it! He had never missed a single chance to become stronger. He insisted on doing what he loved. It was his strong determination and perseverance that made him finish the race. Looking at the little boy's performance, I felt proud and realized the real meaning of being a special education teacher. Only with love and appreciation, can we brighten more children's lives.
范文7
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. Seeing this, I couldn't feel more sorrowful. Considering he was so determined a boy that I knew he didn't want to give up, but he needed a boost. “David, running is your favorite sport, right ”, I said to him with a smile. Slowly he raised his head and looked at me with hesitation. I continued, “You have been always practicing running. Do you run for others or yourself Follow your heart and you will find the answer. Believe in yourself!” Upon hearing this, he pondered for a moment and nodded at me, “Yes, sir. I run for myself and it’s a pleasure for me to run. I should face the challenge, whether the result is good or not.” Great relief poured into my mind as he stood up…
I watched as David moves up to the starting line with the other runners. Confidently and excitedly, all the runners started off, running into the thick forest. David kept up with the big troop, with his small body rocking from side to side. I waited anxiously at the finishing line, worrying about what problems David might encounter and whether he could overcome them. A few hours later, the runners walked out of the forest one after another, crossing the finishing line. However, my heart sank when David didn't turn up. After a while, big shouts came from other people, “Come on David! You are the best! ” David limped at the back of the queue. Everyone along the road cheered for him. I went up to meet him, giving him a big hug. He said breathless, “ I just made it ,sir. ” And eventually his usual big toothy smile returned to his face.
范文8
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.“If I were you, I would be also afraid of being laughed at.” I said gently to show my understanding. He slowly raised his dropping head , tears filling his eyes. I asked him whether he would regret if he gave up the event since you have practised so hard. He mulled it over and said “yes”. I told him all of his classmates and teachers would always have his back. He raised his eyes, looking at me gratefully. “I will run”, he said firmly and stood up.
I watched as David moved on to the starting line with the other runners.Seeing him coming over, his teammates cheered for him by giving him high fives. When the starting whistle sounded, he ran forward. His body swayed violently with running. Somebody burst into laughter, but David ran continually, his face shining with determination. Soon the cheers drowned out the jeers. Half an hour later，I fimally caught sight of a wobbly figure heading for the finish line, he made it! “Live confidently without fear of ridicule.” I murmured to myself and felt so proud of David.
范文9
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. Seeing this, I knew David was in a dilemma. I got closer to him, patting him on the head slightly and asked him in a soft voice, “Do you want to be a braver ” He nodded his head firmly. “The coach just wanted to give you the right to make your own choice. You participated in every practice. I’m sure you can make it! Please remember that in no case will you give up!” Encouraged by my words, David looked at me with shining eyes, with his big toothy smile on his lovely face. He was no longer hesitant and got up to the starting line.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. I breathed a sigh of relief. Hearing a whistle, David dashed out like an arrow. But gradually, David was out of breath and it was obvious that his footsteps were heavier and heavier. All the people present screamed and cheered him up. David continued to run and didn’t give up. At last, David crossed the finishing line, still long after the other children. But all of us were proud of him and the smile on everyone’s face lit up the whole world!
范文10
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. In front of me was his drooping head with his eyes fixed on the floor. Seeing the frustrated boy, I felt my heart was broken and decided to change the situation. I gently stroked his hair, held his hand tightly, and comforted him in a soft voice, “Just believe yourself and go for it! Everyone will cheer for you.” Once hearing what I said, David slowly looked at me with his watery eyes, murmuring, “Really ”, which was responded to with a nod of encouragement. It seemed that a current of strength ran through him. He wrapped his arms around me and took a deep breath, then stood up and headed for the competition venue.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. Awkwardly as he walked, he marched forward determinedly. When the run started, he patted his cheeks slightly and began his running. Though he was gradually left behind by other runners, he kept moving forward. As time went by, every other runner had arrived at the finishing line, and I was still waiting for him when he eventually appeared. Puffing and panting, he dashed through the finishing line with thunderous applause and cheers. Looking at his big toothy smile flashing across his face, I was so proud of him. It was his confidence and determination that made him a perfect runner.
范文11
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. With silence hanging heavily in the air, he ducked down his head. It seemed that he wanted to join the run from the bottom of his heart. So I patted him on the shoulder and said, “You want to run ,right ” Upset and hesitant，he nodded slowly. To encourage him, I whispered to him that he would definitely do a good job since he had practiced so hard. Hearing these words, he raised his head, with his eyes wet. I gave him a big thumb-up, which made him gather his courage and decided to run. He wiped out his tears and stood up, straightening his small body and moving through the crowds.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. When he set his foot on the line, I was worried that other children would laugh at him, since so many kids gazed at him with curious eyes. However, so determined was David that he ignored everything around him, only watching forward. When the whistle rang, he tried his utmost to run as fast as possible. Moved by his spirit, I followed him and cheered him up along the way. Though the cross-country run was tough, he made it . To our surprise, when he crossed the finishing line, the crowds burst into applause. David gave me a bear hug, revealing his usual toothy smile. It was then that I realized that despite his disease, no one laughed at such a beautiful soul, since he shone like a diamond with determination rooted in his heart.
范文12
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He just ducked his head and stared at his own shoes. I asked him if he really decided not to run. He nodded, biting his lip. "Look,"I said calmly, "You never missed a single practice. You always finished every run. Do you want your efforts to end up in vain " He hesitated a lot and murmured, "Other kids will laugh at me." l assured him that he would be the best runner on condition that he finished the run. Hearing my words, he finally made up his mind to run and I urged him to go to the starting line.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. He looked back at me and I cast him an encouraging smile. Then the race began. All the runners shot out like arrows. I cheered for him and headed towards the finishing line. As time wore on, other runners finished the run but I caught no sight of David. After what seemed like centuries, I finally saw he showed up with his forehead sweating heavily. I held my breath as his legs seemed to give out. Although David was the last to cross the finishing line, no one laughed at him. Thunderous applause erupted from the kids with everyone hailing David. His big toothy smile occurred again. It clicked that he hurdled his fear and fulfilled his potential, and the unremitting effort was worth it.
范文13
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I gave him a soft pat on the shoulder, “Don’t be afraid someone would laugh at you, you are just trying your best. If you don’t want to run today, no one will have the chance to laugh at you, but you will also lose the chance to be applauded.” I continued, “Don’t let anyone stop you from being yourself! David, we will stand by you!” After weighing my words, David said in a low but determined voice, “I want to run!”
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The run was beginning! David dashed, fell over and got up as he swung his feet forward. Then, he was left behind by other runners within a few minutes. I started to cheer and then many coaches and students joined me, “Come on! David...” With the encouragement ringing in the air, David attempted again and again with his unique running style. A wave of cheer and applause burst out when David succeeded in crossing the finish line. He greeted me with his usual big toothy smile and said confidently “It was an amazing experience!”
范文14
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. Observing his frustrated face, I sighed and patted his head, whispering, “ Want to have a try, will you ” David raised his head, glanced at me and said with a trembling voice, “Yes, but what if the others teased me ” Hearing what he said, I hugged him tightly and told him that nobody could discouraged a determined soul, even though the one was a coach. Nodding his head, he stood up, clenched his fist and stumbled to the starting line.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. As a bump announced the beginning of the big cross-country run, the other runners ran like an arrow, with David left far behind. But he struggled to run as usual. I followed and encouraged him along the way. Approaching the finishing line, he was surprised to find the other runners were waiting for him and shouted, “Come on! Come on!” With tears rolling down, he continued limping. On his arrival at the finishing line, all the runners accompanied him to walk through the finishing line hand in hand, smiling.
范文15
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I could feel his inner struggle. I patted him on the shoulder, “David, I know you have been expecting the run. Why let your coach’s worry get in your way Achieving the aim is far more important than anything else. Think about the tremendous effort you’ve made.” David looked up at me, his eyes shining brightly. I held his hands and told him the kids from other schools wouldn’t laugh at him, instead, they would cheer for his bravery and determination. David was not hesitant any more and decided to run.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The moment the starting gun rang, all the students rushed out. David tried his best as usual. But as he was obviously falling behind, people began to find he was different. Unluckily, he fell over a branch. Seeing him in great pain, we almost felt our blood frozen. But he rose to his feet and raced on. We shouted and cheered, firmly convinced that he was regular. Nothing could stop him. He finally made it, though still long after the other children. That big toothy smile appeared on his face.
范文16
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. With his head silently buried, I could tell how frustrated and heart-broken this little boy was. “Actually, we were really confident about you, hoping you could join us.” Hearing what I said, David looked up at me in surprise. A flash of hope sparkled his eyes. “But I am really afraid that the kids from other schools will laugh at me.” He seemed pretty worried. “You’ve gone such a long way to be here. Don’t let others’ opinions get in the way to your success. See, they’re all waiting for you.” I pointed to the starting line, where the team were shouting his name excitedly.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The signal pistol going off , David rushed out but no wonder he was left behind just from the staring line. The unusual way of movement drew everyone’s attention. With all eyes fixed on him, his small body was gradually swallowed up by the thick forest. After twenty minutes, some runners started to rush out of the woods. Of course, David didn’t make any miracle to be the first runners to come back. But we did see him after another 20 minutes. At a steady speed, he crossed the finishing line with everyone’s applaud and cheering. I embraced him, tears in my eye. This boy, whatever difficulties he would encounter, must have learned today that he was the master of his own life.
范文17
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. His fingers twisted nervously. I waited there for him to start speaking.“Do you think I am good enough to be in the competition, Miss Won’t they laugh at me？” he said, pointing to the kids from other schools. “Everyone may face obstacles, and we all feel discouraged from time to time, but be confident because you have put in hard work. You are good enough to be at the line with your teammates.” I said gently, trying to encourage him. He thought about it for a while, stood up and said, “Thank you, Miss, I choose to participate and I will try my best!”
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race gun sounded and the runners raced off to the forest. I sat in the audience, cheering loudly for him. David was much slower than the others. His way of running was quite different but no one laughed. On the contrary, the audience began to cheer for him. At the end of the race, he was, without doubt, the last to finish, but he received a warm applaud as he crossed the line. He happily ran towards me and shouted, “I did it ! thank you Miss!” I was proud of him and me as well. We shouldn’t overlook the power that we can give others.
范文18
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. “David, you are an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.” I held his hands tightly, “Just look at my eyes. Trust me!” David stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks. “Miss, with the brain disease, I had thought I did not practise well enough to participate in the competition so that I am afraid of being laughed at.” David felt frustrated and hopeless. I was absolutely understanding what he felt in his mind. “Boy, you have done well and your future is very promising.” David looked at me, with his eyes twinkled with excitement, and stood up just like a superman in front of me.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. As the bell rang, David ran as fast as he could like a wild horse running in the filed. In the first round, David fell behind others about 5 meters. But bathed in a competitive atmosphere, he was in high spirits and felt a sudden strength inside him. In the last 50 meters, seeing David try his best to rush for the finishing line, I was nervous and had my heart in my mouth. When the host announced that David won the 3d prize, he was wild with delight, waving to me with joy and sweetness.
范文19
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. His head stooped spiritlessly and he seemed to be crying."You know the team needs you, don't you, David ”my words broke the silence.“I don't want to let them down, sir. I couldn't live with myself," he whispered, still hanging his head in frustration."You know that by not running you will disappoint them all Don't you want to run ”I asked.“More than anything but the conditions are so difficult and the forest so dense that I'm afraid I won't make it,”he answered, still looking at the ground.“You’ll never know unless you try!" David stood up and walked away still without looking at me, a determined look on his face.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The starting gun fired, and they were off. All the runners contested for the lead, just with David struggling to keep up. Unluckily, he slipped over. Without hesitation, he picked himself up and plodded off after the others into the forest trail.I waited at the finishing line. All the runners raced in but no sign of David. One of the boys said David had fallen a couple of times. After a long time, David emerged from the forest, mud-splattered, bruised and clearly suffering. He refused any help and made his way to the finish line. To his astonishment all the other runners had waited and applauded and cheered him. Then for the first time that day his big toothy smile broke across his mud-streaked face as he was surrounded by his team.
范文20
We sat next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. He buried his head into his arms and couldn’t help sobbing. “ Come on, you can do it.” I whispered to her in a soft voice and patted his shoulder gently. “ Really “ he suddenly jumped to his feet and shouted in a trembling voice. His eyes were shining with hope. At that moment, I showed the photo in my cellphone with her. In the photo, he was running as fast as he could with all the other boys on the playground. The bright smiles, the loud cheers ,the sweaty face as well as the determination to win victory suddenly crowded into his mind. Without hesitation, he wiped away the tears and struggled to his feet to embrace the challenge.
I watched as David moved up to the Starting line with the other runners. I yelled with a sense of pride. In the distance , David was running as fast as his disabled leg could carry him. The gentle breeze and singing birds seem to cheer for him. Unfortunately, David tripped over by a stone. “ Oh, my God’ I signed and hurried to him. To my surprise, my dear friend gritted his teeth, ignored the bleeding knee and gathered all his strength to stand up and dashed to the finishing line. “ What a brave boy”! I signed and hugged him tightly with teary eyes.
范文21
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I asked him, “Why not run ” He stuttered, “I-I don’t know, looking at the crowds. A few seconds later, several words came out of his mouth, “Maybe afraid of being laughed .” “But you have practiced so hard recently”, I blurt out, “Think about the efforts you have made. But of course, it’s your choice. Guess what I don’t think it is a good reason. You know, there are always someone who don’t like us. The point is whether you want to do it yourself. Just think about it.” It was silence again between us. David was biting his mouth, looking at the distance again. A few minutes later, he stood up and uttered the words, “I would like to run.” I nodded smilingly. So, he has made up his mind.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David began his running with the starting signal. I was a bit excited when suddenly a shadowy figure fell over. My heart sank. Seeing the small figure, I knew it was David. I ran to him and shouted, “Get up and run!” The audience around him were also calling, “Come on ! You can do it.” A few seconds later, he rose and ran again. He disappeared in the distance in no time. I went to the finishing line, waiting eagerly. When the first person crossed the line, lots of other runners finished their running. But no David. I was wondering what might have happened to him when the small shadowy figure appeared again in the distance. “Well done!” I said to myself. He was approaching the finishing line when I saw the mud in his clothes. He must have gone through a lot all the way. Crossing the line, his usual big smile was there as that sunny day.
范文22
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He hung his head, trying to avoid eye contact with me. It was a tricky moment, calling for a good choice of words. Having thought it over,I mentioned some events which won people's praise for his determination and perseverance.His face began to lighten.He added that even the judges thumbed up at him. The whistle went off and the competitors began to take their places. To my joy, David slowly rose to his feet.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around.Pushing forward without balance, he was left behind. However, when he came into sight, the spectators burst into thunderous cheers and applause.Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits. It turned out that he achieved his best record ever. Seeing his confident smiles,I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future.
范文23
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. A flood of sympathy and sadness emerged in my heart. I tapped him on the shoulder and pulled him into my arm. At that moment, David's classmates approached him and said, "Let's run together."When David saw them, memories of playing and exercising with them flashed into his mind. There is no denying that they all regard David as their friend. David looked up at us, a pleasurable and relaxing smile appeared at the corners of his mouth.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other rwnners. As the gun rang out, David and other runners began to run. His small body rocked from side to side as he swung his feet forward. His legs were trembling and drops of sweat were running down his cheeks. He held his fists, gritted his teeth and kept running. When he finished, everyone cheered for him and expressed their respect. Never had I expected that my acts could make such a difference to him.A lamp is lighted and my heart is warmed as well.
范文24
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He buried his face in his arms and began to sob.After a split second of pause,I put one hand on his shoulder gently, reached the other out to him and said in an inspiring voice,"You can make it, David! We are all looking forward to your performance."He raised his head, looking at me with confidence in his eyes. For a moment he hesitated, but the idea of beating himself made him gather all his courage to take my hand. Then I nodded to him, giving him a big bright smile.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. He took a deep breath and calmed himself down.As soon as the event began, everyone rushed to the head of the team, leaving David's small figure behind, who swung his body side to side. Eventually, he gathered all his strength and struggled his way to the finishing line. At that moment, all his classmates and even other schools' students ran to embrace him and cheered for him. Seeing what was happening in front of him, he flashed that familiar big toothy smile again. Needless to say, David was filled with so much encouragement and his heart was actually lit up by this event.
范文25
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. Depression hung over him like a heavy dark cloud and tears welled up in his eyes. I patted him on the shoulder gently, gave him an encouraging look and ventured in a soft voice, "You are a regular boy, David. Maybe you were born with some physical defects, but your strong determination will cover the shortages." After a split second of pause, David nodded slightly, tears giving way to the usual big toothy smile. Then he got to his feet. It wasn't long before the race began.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other rwnners. David took the first step, slowly but firmly. My eyes kept on him from the very beginning to the end. Like each previous practice, though he finished his run long after others, he did complete it. He ran rockily towards me with his confident smile. It was his willpower that enabled him to make such a running miracle. For others, it was just a simple cross-country run. But for David,it was a symbol of strong determination and self-breakthrough.
范文26
We sat dowm next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He lowered his head and rubbed his hands."You don't want to give up,do you "I asked in a soft voice. He nodded with tears in his eyes but still hesitated. Then I showed him some photos, some showing him running every day, and some laughing with his classmates. His face lit up and that David, hard-working, determined, full of positive energy,came alive. He looked up at me, promising to find his true self again.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. He looked back at me and I responded with a bright smile. With the cheers of everyone present, the competition began. At first, students from other schools whispered and pointed at him. But as time went by, they were overcome by his tough spirit. David finally finished the running, gasping for breath. Despite the last one to reach the finish line, he still earned him admiration and thunderous applause. Everyone is like a flower,some having fragrance,but some not.As long as you bloom, there will be bees and butterflies.
范文27
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. He lowered his head and rubbed his hands. Obviously, he was stuck between a rock and a hard place. Trying to break the silence, I tapped him on the shoulder gently."You are special, but that's your uniqueness. Today, you're here to show that uniqueness with all your diligence and determination", I ventured in an encouraging voice. My simple words, spoken from the heart, found their way straight into his. He raised his head and stared into my eyes. I sensed that his dilemma gave way to trust in me, with his eyes twinkling with determination and hope. That familiar David, hard-working, determined, full of positive energy, came back.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. I clenched my fist and waved at him. He gave me a determined look, as if to say that he would not change his mind. He took a deep breath to calm himself down, then toed the line, ready to run. With a bang, every runner shot like an arrow. At first, everyone's attention was focused on the winner. But as David, the last one,made it to the finishing line, time seemed to stand still. Thunderous applause broke out, with the name David echoing again and again. Maybe if we knew what other people were thinking, we'd know that no one's ordinary. And we all deserve a standing ovation at least once in our lives.
范文28
We sat down next to euch other, but David wouldn't look at me. Depressedand low-spirited, David sat silently with his head dropping. And from time to time, he stole a glance at me as if he had something to say. Noticing this scene,I patted him on the shoulder and said with patience and eagerness, "It's been a long time since you started to prepare for the big cross-country run. You really want to let it go Just try it! "While he didn't say a word, I knew there was a decision in his heart.
I watched as Duvid moved up to the starting line with the other runners. With a whistle, everyone rushed up.David held on for a while and then he dragged his legs with inner firmness. What was alarming was that he fell down. Gasping with pain,he forced himself to his feet and with slow,shaky steps, began to run.After silence came a storm of applause. Even if David didn't get a good place, he was still happy. I nodded with satisfaction and a little bit more efforts thumbed up at him. Such is the key to"success"—and determination will create a little bit more miracles.
范文29
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. It was apparent that he was still hesitant whether he should have a try in running with others. Spotting this, I approached him gradually and told him he was no different from other normal students in my opinion and that doubtlessly he could make it without much difficulty. With my words of encouragement David stood up firmly and went to the join the other runners.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. In the very beginning he lagged behind others for his strange running style. However, he didn’t lose heart and quit. On the contrary, he sped up little by little and much to the audience’s surprise he was among the first runners who arrived at the finishing line early. Not only were the audience and other students impressed by the fact that David eventually made it in finishing the race, but also they admired him very much for his great determination.
范文30
We sat down next to euch other, but David wouldn't look at me. I knew he was upset. Out of concern, I comforted him with warm words,"You are the very person that is determined and optimistic. Keep it on however challenging the situation is. Do your best instead of caring about others'thoughts."Hearing my inspiring words, David could see the silver lining in the cloud. His longing for success eventually overcame his fear.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.He breathed deeply and then rushed out with all his courage and strength without thinking twice. However, he was still left behind by other students. To us audience's surprise, he didn't give up half way. Exhausted as he was, he still rushed to the finishing line. Applause and cheers broke out as if he was a winner. David felt a sense of achievement welling up in his heart. "Everyone deserves a better version of themselves," as the old saying goes.
范文31
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. It was I who broke the silence first. “David, I think it’s not reasonable to quit right now. Do you remember the days when you spent so much time and effort in practicing ” It seemed that my words worked. He lost himself in thought and then turned to me. “Yes, you’re right. What I should focus on is myself not others’ views.” He replied. Meanwhile, the run was going to start soon. David took a deep breath and stood up.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. Then with the whistle blowing, the run began. Although David couldn’t run as fast as others, he kept a steady speed. Five minutes later, there was a long distance between David and other runners. However, looking at his body rocking from side to side, no one laughed at him. Instead, kids along the road clapped their hands to encourage David. Finally, with strong determination, he reached the finish line. I went over to hug him and everyone present gave him a thumbs-up. How great to see his big toothy smile again!
范文32
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. Looking directly at him, I firmly said, “David, it’s your rights to pull out of the competition if you don’t want to run today. But it’s not good enough to do so only because you fear the worst for possible sarcastic comments. There are people like doing these mean things. The real matter is whether you let these few people stop you from pursuing your passion for running. If you want to run, David, then you run.” Several minutes after his taking my words, David said with fierce determination, “I’m gonna run.”
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. After the starting pistol exploded, all the runners sprang into action and ran forwardonly to find David fell on the track from time to time. Then, the small bold figure picked himself up and started again and again. I knew he would continue.Rocking with the rhythm of his run, he finally crossed the finish line long after other children. There, he gave me his typical toothy smile, saying, “That was easy!”
范文33
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.His eyes deliberately avoided mine, and his smile also disappeared on the face, with his limbs shaking as weak as leaves. “It” s not the real you, David”, I broke the silence, walked to his front, holding his shoulders and continued, “Listen, David, you have prepared so much for this running, if you want to quit, I will be for you.” David burst into tears. Suddenly，a group of kids emerged around us. The came up to David, and embraced him and shouted “Cheer up. David, you can do it !” David stopped crying and his face lit up by their encouragement. Turing around, he gave me a smile and walked to the starting line where other kids were ready to start. (124)
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. Start！All the kids disappeared swiftly like lightening into the forest, leaving David staggering and struggling his steps forward.But his body was uncontrollable, soon his heels were bleeding, because his shoes were worn out. After a long time, David was still 100 meters away from the finishing line. The path was lined with the coach and other kids in tears, who were informed of the poor body condition of David. No one laughed at him, but cheered up and clapped for him. David was touched and he was stepping forward when he was tripped by a big rock. “ He is bleeding!” cried the other kids. “David! David!David!” the voice became louder and louder until David dragged his leg surpassing the terminal. He did it, with his belief and encouragement and love from everyone present. It was a miracle. His usual big toothy smile would not be absent forever. (150)
故事原结尾
We sat down together on some steps, but David wouldn’t look at me. (开始第一段续写处) I quietly said, “David, if you don’t want to run today, no one is going to make you. But if you’re not running because you’re afraid someone is going to laugh, that’s not a good enough reason. There will always be someone who will laugh and say mean things. There are people like that, and that’s just the way it is. The real question is whether you are going to let those few people stop you from doing something you really want to do. Are you going to let them get in your way If you really want to run, David, then you run!”I held my breath as David took this in. Then he looked at the field and said with a fierce but quiet determination, “I’m gonna run.”
I stood on the sidelines with the excited crowd as David moved up to the starting line.（开始第二段续写）The starter’s gun sounded, and David lurched forward with the other children. But he had only gone a few metres before he tripped and fell flat on the ground. My heart sank. As I started to shout encouragement, other voices around me took up the call. “Come on David, you can do it!” I knew without even looking that these voices were not just those of his schoolmates. They came from parents, teachers and kids from other schools, who quickly understood the courage it took David to attempt this run.David picked himself up and started again. All the other runners had disappeared over the hill. But it didn’t matter. This was David’s run. He had worked for it, and he wouldn’t give up! As long as he was in sight, David heard people calling his name.I waited anxiously by the finish line as the first runners completed the two-and-a-half kilometres of forest trails. Soon all of the other runners had come in and another race had begun. Still no David! I started to feel sick. Had I done the wrong thing He hadn’t checked out the trail with the other runners. Could he have become lost Finally, a small figure emerged from the forest. With heels kicking out to the side and his body rocking with the rhythm of his run, David plodded toward the home stretch. He raised his arms in triumph as he crossed the finish line to wild cheers and applause.Then, when David’s coach slapped him on the back and said proudly, “Good job, David!” he caught my eye, flashed me a toothy grin and said, “That was easy!”At the end of the year, the track coach asked the class to nominate one of their classmates for the athletic award for their grade. Without hesitation the whole class voted for David, saying that no one had worked harder for that award than he.It was an amazing moment at our year-end assembly. The auditorium resounded with cheering and applause when David came forward and received his award for outstanding athletic achievement—from his beaming coach.1. alter v. 改变,变更
2. burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂
3. dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)
4. blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸,炸掉
5. consume v. 消耗,耗尽
6. split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的
7. spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃
8. spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出
9. slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略
10. slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片
11. bacteria n. 细菌
12. breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔
13. budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排
14. candidate n. 候选人
15. campus n. 校园
16. liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的
17. transform v. 转变,变革；变换
18. transmit v. 传播,播送；传递
19. transplant v. 移植
20. transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具
21. shift v. 转移；转动；转变
22. vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化
23. vanish vi. 消灭,不见
24. swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子
25. suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心
26. suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的
27. mild a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的
28. tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的
29. nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或 事物）
30. insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的
31. accelerate vt. 加速,促进
32. absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的
33. boundary n. 分界线,边界
34. brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住（车）
35. catalog n. 目录（册） v. 编目
36. vague a. 模糊的,不明确的
37. vain n. 徒劳,白费
38. extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的
39. extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的
40. extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分
41. agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因
42. alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精
43. appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求
44. appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏
45. approve v. 同意,批准
46. stimulate vt. 刺激,激励
47. acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到
48. accomplish vt .完成,到达；实行
work n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络
50. tide n. 潮汐；潮流
51. tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的
52. trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹
53. torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨
54. wander vi. 漫游,闲逛
55. wax n. 蜡
56. weave v. 织,编
57. preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持
61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩骂
62. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的
63. academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会
64. battery n. 电池（组）
65. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏
66. cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物
67. career n. 生涯,职业
68. vessel n. 船舶；容器,器皿；血管
69. vertical a. 垂直的
70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使感激
71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊
72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度
73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的
74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的
75. petrol n. 汽油
76. petroleum n. 石油
77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁
78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽
79. decent a. 像样的,体面的
80. route n. 路；路线；航线
81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟
82. sake n. 缘故,理由
83. satellite n. 卫星
84. scale n. 大小,规模；等级；刻度
85. temple n. 庙宇
86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,
87. tend vi.易于,趋向
88. tendency n.趋向,趋势
89. ultimate a. 极端的,最大的,最终的 n. 极端
90. undergo v. 经历,遭受
91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的
92. adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳
93. adapt vi. 适应,适合；改编,改写 vt. 使适应
94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位；单身汉
95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的；临时的；非正式的
96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉
97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的
98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器
99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的
100. optics n. （单、复数同形）光学
101. organ n. 器官,风琴
102. excess n. 过分,过量,过剩
103. expel v. 驱逐,开除,赶出
104. expend v. 消费
105. expenditure n. 支出,消费；经费
106. expense n. 开销,费用
107. expensive a. 花钱多的；价格高贵的
108. expand v. 扩大,扩张；展开,膨胀
109. expansion n. 扩大,扩充；发展,膨胀
110. private a. 私人的,个人的
111. individual a. 个别的,单独的 n. 个人,个体
112. personal a. 个人的,私人的；亲自的
114. personnel n. [总称]人员,员工；人事部门
115. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
116. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
117. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
118. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋
119. grant vt. 授予,同意,准予
119. grand a. 宏伟大,壮丽的,重大的
120. invade v. 侵入,侵略,侵袭
121. acid n. 酸,酸性物质 a. 酸的；尖刻的
122. acknowledge v. 承认；致谢
123. balcony n. 阳台
124. calculate vt. 计算,核算
125. calendar n. 日历,月历
126. optimistic a. 乐观
127. optional a. 可以任选的,非强制的
128. outstanding a. 杰出的,突出的,显著的
129. export n. 出口（物） v. 出口,输出
130. import n. 进口（物） v. 进口,输入
131. impose vt. 把...加强(on)；采用,利用
132. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰
133. religious a. 宗教的
134. victim n. 牺牲品,受害者
135. video n. 电视,视频 a. 电视的,录像的
136. videotape n. 录像磁带 v. 把...录在录像带上
137. offend v. 冒犯,触犯
138. bother v. 打搅,麻烦
139. interfere v. 干涉,干扰,妨碍
140. internal a. 内部的,国内的
141. beforehand ad. 预先,事先
142. racial a. 人种的种族的
143. radiation n. 放射物,辐射
144. radical a.根本的；激进的
145. range n. 幅度,范围 v. （在某范围内）变动
146. wonder n. 惊奇,奇迹 v. 想知道,对...感到疑惑
147. isolate vt. 使隔离,使孤立
148. issue n. 问题,争论点；发行,（报刊）一期
149. hollow a. 空的,中空的,空虚道
150. hook n. 钩 vt. 钩住
151. adequate a. 适当地；足够
152. adhere vi. 粘附,附着；遵守,坚持
153. ban vt. 取缔,禁止
154. capture vt. 俘虏,捕获
155. valid a. 有效的,有根据的；正当的
156. valley n. 山谷,峡谷
157. consistent a. 坚固定；一致的,始终如一的
158. continuous a. 继续的,连续（不断）的
159. continual a. 不断地,频繁的
160. explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增
161. exploit v. 剥削；利用,开采
162. explore v. 勘探
163. explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增
164. explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的
165. remote a. 遥远的,偏僻的
166. removal n. 除去,消除
167. render vt. 使得,致使
167. render vt.呈递, 归还, 着色, 汇报, 致使, 放弃, 表演, 实施vi.给予补偿n.交纳, 粉刷, 打底
168. precaution n. 预防,防备,警惕
169. idle a. 懒散的,无所事事的
170. identify vt. 认出,鉴定
171. identify n. 身份；个性,特性
172. poverty n. 贫穷
173. resistant a. (to)抵抗的,抗...的,耐...的
174. resolve vt. 解决；决定,决意
175. barrel n. 桶
176. bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价
177. coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的
178. coach n. 教练；长途公共汽车
179. code n. 准则,法规,密码
180. coil n. 线圈 v. 卷,盘绕
181. adult n. 成年人
182. advertise v. 为...做广告
183. advertisement n. 广告
184. agency n. 代理商,经销商
185. focus v. （使）聚集 n. 焦点,中心,聚焦
186. forbid vt. 不许,禁止
187. debate n./v. 辩论,争论
188. debt n. 欠债
189. decade n. 十年
190. enclose vt. 围住；把...装入信封
191. encounter vt./n. 遭遇,遭到
192. globe n. 地球,世界；地球仪
193. global a. 全球的；总的
194. scan vt. 细看；扫描；浏览
195. scandal n. 丑事,丑闻
196. significance n. 意义；重要性
197. subsequent a. 随后的,后来的
198. virtue n. 美德,优点
199. virtual a. 实际上的,事实上的
200. orient vt. 使适应,(to,toward)使朝向 n. 东方
201. portion n. 一部分
202. target n. 目标,靶子 vt. 瞄准
203. portable a. 手提式的
204. decline v. 拒绝,谢绝；下降
205. illusion n. 错觉
206. likelihood n. 可能,可能性
207. stripe n. 条纹
208. emphasize vt. 强调,着重
209. emotion n. 情感,感情
210. emotional a. 感情的,情绪（上）的
211. awful a. 极坏的,威严的,可怕的
212. awkward a. 笨拙的,棘手的
213. clue n. 线索,提示
214. collision n. 碰撞,冲突
215. device n. 装置,设备
216. devise vt. 发明,策划,想出
217. inevitable a. 不可避免的
218. naval a. 海军的
219. navigation n. 航行
220. necessity n. 必需品；必要性
221. previous a. 先,前,以前的
222. provision n. [pl.]给养,口粮；准备,设备,装置
223. pursue vt. 追逐；追求；从事,进行
224. stale a. 不新鲜的,陈腐的
225. substitute n. 代用品 vt. 代替
226. deserve vt. 应受,应得,值得
227. discrimination n. 歧视；辨别力
228. professional a. 职业的,专门的
229. secure a. 安全的,可靠的
230. security n. 安全,保障
231. scratch v./n. 抓,搔,扒
232. talent n. 才能,天资；人才
233. insurance n. 保险,保险费
234. insure vt. 给...保险,保证,确保
235. nevertheless ad. 仍然,然而,不过
236. neutral a. 中立的,中性的
237. spot n. 地点；斑点 vt. 认出,发现；玷污
238. spray v. 喷,（使）溅散
239. medium a. 中等的,适中的 n. 媒介物,新闻媒介
240. media n. 新闻传媒
241. auxiliary a. 辅助的,备用的
242. automatic a. 自动的
pete vi. 竞争,比赛
petent a. 有能力的,能胜任的
petition n. 竞争,比赛
246. distribute vt. 分发
247. disturb vt. 打搅,妨碍
248. infer v. 推论,推断
249. integrate v.（使）成为一体,（使）合并
250. moist a. 潮湿
251. moisture n. 潮湿
252. promote vt. 促进；提升
253. region n. 地区；范围；幅度
254. register v./n.登记,注册
255. stable a. 稳定的
256. sophisticated a. 老于世故的,老练的；很复杂的
257. splendid a. 极好的,壮丽的,辉煌的
258. cancel vt. 取消,废除
259. variable a. 易变的,可变的
260. prospect n. 前景,前途；景象
261. prosperity n.兴旺,繁荣
262. aspect n. 方面；朝向；面貌
263. cope vi. (with)（成功地）应付,处理
264. core n. 果心,核心
265. maintain vt. 维持,保持；坚持,主张
266. mainland n. 大陆
267. discipline n. 纪律；惩罚；学科
268. domestic a. 本国的,国内的；家用的；家庭的
269. constant a. 不变的,恒定的 n. 常数
270. cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁
271. authority n. 权威；当局
272. audio a. 听觉
273. attitude n. 态度
munity n. 社区,社会
mit vt.犯（错误,罪行等）,干（坏事等）
ment n./vt. 评论
277. distinguish vt. 区分,辨别
278. distress n. 痛苦,悲伤 vt. 使痛苦
279. facility n. [pl.] 设备,设施；便利,方便
280. faculty n.能力,技能;系,学科/院;全体教员
281. mixture n. 混合,混合物
282. mood n. 心情,情绪；语气
283. moral a. 道德上的,有道德的
284. prominent a. 突出的
285. substance n. 物质；实质
286. substantial a. 可观的；牢固的；实质的
287. prompt vt. 促使 a. 敏捷的,及时的
288. vivid a. 生动的
289. vocabulary n. 词汇（量）；词汇表
290. venture n. 风险投资,风险项目 v. 冒险；取于
291. version n. 版本,译本；说法
292. waist n. 腰,腰部
293. weld v./n. 焊接
294. yawn vi. 打哈欠
295. yield vi. (to)屈服于；让出,放弃 n. 产量
296. zone n. 地区,区域
297. strategy n. 战略,策略
298. strategic a. 战略（上）的,关键的
299. tense a. 紧张的 v. 拉紧 n. 时态
300. tension n. 紧张（状态）,张力
301. avenue n. 林荫道,大街
302. available a. 现成可用的；可得到的
parable a. (with,to)可比较的,类似的
parative a. 比较的,相对的
305. dash vi. 猛冲,飞奔
306. data n. 数据,资料
307. dive vi. 跳水,潜水
308. diverse a. 不同的,多种多样的
309. entitle vt. 给...权利,给...资格
310. regulate vt. 管理,调节
311. release vt./n. 释放,排放；解释解脱
312. exaggerate v. 夸大,夸张
313. evil a. 邪恶的,坏的
314. shrink vi. 起皱,收缩；退缩
315. subtract v. 减（去）
316. suburb n. 市郊
317. subway n. 地铁
318. survey n./vt. 调查,勘测
319. wealthy a. 富裕的
320. adjust v. 调整,调节
321. attach vt. 系,贴；使附属
322. profit n. 利润,益处；v. 有益于,有利于
323. profitable a. 有利可图的
324. slope n. 斜坡,斜面
325. reinforce vt. 增强,加强
326. reject vt. 拒绝
327. fatal a. 致命的；重大的
328. fate n. 命运
329. humble a. 谦逊的；谦虚的
330. illegal a. 不合法的,非法的
331. award vt. 授予,判给 n. 奖品,奖金
332. aware a. 意识到
333. column n. 柱,圆柱；栏,专栏
edy n. 喜剧
335. dumb a. 哑的；沉默的
336. dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒
337. deaf a. 聋的；不愿听的
338. decorate vt. 装饰,装璜
339. principal a. 最重要的 n. 负责人,校长
340. principle n. 原则,原理
341. prior a. 优先的,在前的
342. priority n. 优先,重点
343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不准
344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的
345. remedy n./vt. 补救,医治,治疗
346. repetition n. 重复,反复
347. vain a. 徒劳的,无效的
348. undertake vt. 承担,着手做,答应
349. unique a. 唯一的,独特的
350. obstacle n. 障碍（物）,妨碍
351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇数的
352. omit vt. 省略
353. opponent n. 敌手,对手
354. opportunity n. 机会,时机
355. orchestra n. 管弦乐队
356. semester n. 学期；半年
357. semiconductor n. 半导体
358. seminar n. 研讨会
359. terminal a. 末端的,极限的 n. 终点
360. territory n. 领土
361. approximate a. 大概的,大约 v. 近似
362. arbitrary a. 随意的,未断的
363. architect n. 建筑师
364. architecture n. 建筑学
365. biology n. 生物学
366. geography n. 地理（学）
367. geology n. 地质学
368. geometry n. 几何（学）
369. arithmetic n. 算术
370. algebra n. 代数
371. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待,款待
372. enthusiasm n. 热情,热心
373. entry n. 进入,入口处；参赛的人（或物）
374. environment n. 环境
375. episode n. 插曲,片段
376. equation n. 方程（式）
377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制
378. restraint n. 抑制,限制
379. resume v. （中断后）重新开始
380. severe a. 严重的
381. sexual a. 性的
382. simplicity n. 简单；朴素
383. simplify vt. 简化
384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛
385. stuff n. 原料,材料 vt. 填进,塞满
386. temporary a. 暂时的,临时的
387. temptation n. 诱惑,引诱
388. terror n. 恐怖
389. thrust v. 挤,推,插
390. treaty n. 条约,协定
391. arise vi. 产生,出现,发生；起身
392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；唤醒
393. burden n. 重担,负荷
394. bureau n. 局,办事处
395. marvelous a. 奇迹般的,惊人的
396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大块的
397. mature a. 成熟的
398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的
399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的
400. nonsense n. 胡说,冒失的行动
401. nuclear a. 核子的,核能的
402. nucleus n. 核
403. retail n./v./ad. 零售
404. retain vt. 保留,保持
405. restrict vt. 限制,约束
406. sponsor n. 发起者,主办者 vt. 发起,主办,资助
407. spur n./vt. 刺激,激励
408. triumph n. 胜利,成功
409. tuition n. 学费
410. twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪
411. undergraduate n. 大学肄业生
412. universal a. 普遍的,通用的；宇宙的
413. universe n. 宇宙
414. via prep. 经由,经过,通过
415. vibrate v. 振动,摇摆
416. virus n. 病毒
417. voluntary a. 自愿的
418. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿（做）
419. vote v. 选举 n. 选票
420. wagon n. 四轮马车,铁路货车
421. appoint vt. 任命,委派
422. approach v. 靠近,接近 n. 途径,方式
423. appropriate a. 适当的
424. bunch n. 群,伙；束,串
425. bundle n. 捆,包,束 vt. 收集,归拢
426. ceremony n. 典礼,仪式
427. chaos n. 混乱,紊乱
428. discount n. （价格）折扣
429. display n./vt. 陈列,展览
430. equivalent a. 相等的 a. 相等物
431. erect a. 竖直的 v. 建造,竖立
432. fax n./vt. 传真
433. fertile a. 肥沃的；多产的
434. fertilizer n. 肥料
435. grateful a. 感激的
436. gratitude n. 感激
437. horror n. 恐怖
438. horrible a. 可怕的
439. Internet n. 国际互联网,因特网
440. interpret v. 翻译,解释
441. interpretation n. 解释,说明
442. jungle n. 丛林,密林
443. knot n. 结 vt. 把...打成结
444. leak v. 漏,渗出
445. lean vi. 倾斜,倚,靠
446. leap vi. 跳跃
447. modify vt. 修改
448. nylon n. 尼龙
449. onion n. 洋葱
450. powder n. 粉末
451. applicable a. 可应用的,适当的
452. applicant n. 申请人
453. breadth n. 宽度
454. conservation n. 保存,保护
455. conservative a. 保守的
456. parallel n. 平行线；可相比拟的事物
457. passion n. 激情,热情
458. passive a. 被动的,消极的
459. pat v./n. 轻拍,轻打
460. peak n. 山峰,顶点
461. phenomenon n. 现象
462. reluctant a. 不情愿的,勉强的
463. rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖,指望
464. relevant a. 有关的,切题的
465. reliable a. 可靠的
466. relief n. 轻松,宽慰；减轻
467. reputation n. 名气,声誉
468. rescue vt./n. 营救
469. triangle n. 三角（形）
470. sequence n. 连续；顺序
471. shallow a. 浅的
472. shiver vi/n. 发抖
473. shrug v./n. 耸肩
474. signature n. 签名
475. sincere a. 诚挚的,真诚的
476. utility n. 功用,效用
477. utilize vt. 利用
478. utter vt. 说出 a. 完全的,彻底的
479. variation n. 变化,变动
480. vehicle n. 交通工具,车辆
481. applause n. 鼓掌,掌声
482. appliance n. 器具,器械
483. consent n. 准许,同意 vi (to)准许,同意
484. conquer vt. 征服
485. defect n. 缺点,缺陷
486. delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的
487. evolve v.演变
488. evolution n. 演变,进化
489. frown v./n. 皱眉
490. frustrate vt. 使沮丧
491. guarantee vt./n. 保证
492. guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的
493. jealous a. 妒忌的
494. jeans n. 牛仔裤
495. liquor n. 酒,烈性酒
496.liter/litre n. 升
497. modest a. 谦虚道
498. molecule n. 分子
499. orbit n. 轨道 v. （绕...）作轨道运行
500. participate v. (in)参与,参加
501. particle n. 微粒
502. particularly ad. 特别,尤其
503. respond vi. 回答,答复；反应
504. response n. 回答,答复；反应
505. sensible a. 明智的
506. sensitive a. 敏感到,灵敏的
507. tremble vi. 颤抖
508. tremendous a. 巨大的；精彩的
509. trend n. 趋向,倾向
510. trial n. 审讯；试验
511. apparent a. 显然的,明白的
512. appetite n. 胃口；欲望
513. deposit n. 存款,定金 v.存放,储蓄
514. deputy n. 副职,代表
515. derive vt. 取得,得到；(from)起源于
516. descend v. 下来,下降
517. missile n. 导弹
518. mission n. 使命；代表团
519. mist n.薄雾
520. noticeable a. 显而易见到
521. notify vt. 通知,告知
522. notion n. 概念；意图,想法
523. resemble vt. 像,类似于
524. reveal vt. 揭露
525. revenue n. 收入,岁入；税收
526. shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所
527. shield n. 防护物,盾 vt. 保护,防护
528. vital a. 重要的；致命的,生命的
529. vitally ad. 极度,非常；致命地
530. urban a. 城市的
531. urge vt. 鼓励,激励
532. urgent a. 急迫的,紧急得
533. usage n. 使用,用法
534. violence n. 强力,暴力
535. violent a. 强暴的
536. violet a. 紫色的
537. weed n. 杂草,野草
538. welfare n. 福利
539. whatsoever ad. （用于否定句）任何
540. whereas conj. 然而,但是,尽管
541. essential a. 必不可少的；本质的
542. estimate n./vt. 估计,估量
543. evaluate vt. 评估,评价
544. exceed vt. 超过,越出
545. exceedingly ad. 非常,极其
546. exclaim v. 呼喊,大声说
547. exclude vt. 把...排斥在外,不包括
548. exclusive a. 读有的,排他的
549. excursion n. 远足
550. flash vi. 闪光,闪耀
551. flee vi. 逃走
552. flexible a. 易弯曲的
553. flock n. 羊群,（鸟兽等）一群；一伙人
554. hardware n. 五金器具
555. harmony n. 和谐,融洽
556. haste n. 急速,急忙
557. hatred n. 憎恶,憎恨
558. incident n. 事件,事变
559. index n. 索引,标志
560. infant n. 婴儿
561. infect v. 传染
562. inferior a. 劣等的,次的,下级的
563. infinite a. 无限的
564. ingredient n. 组成部分
565. inhabitant n. 居民
566. jail n. 监狱
567. jam n. 果酱；拥挤,堵塞
568. jewel n. 宝石
569. joint a.连接的；共同的
570. junior a. 年少的；资历较浅的
571. laser n. 激光
572. launch vt. 发动,发起
573. luxury n. 奢侈；奢侈品
574. magnet n. 磁铁,磁体
575. male a. 男性的,雄的
576. female a. 女性的,雌的
577. manual a. 用手的,手工做的 n. 手册
578. manufacture vt./n. 制造,加工
579. marine a. 海的；海产的
580. mutual a. 相互的
581. naked a. 裸露的
582. negative a. 否定的,消极的
583. neglect vt. 忽视,忽略
584. origin n. 起源,出身
585. oval a. 椭圆形的 n. 椭圆形
586. outset n. 开始,开端
587. presumably ad. 大概,可能
588. prevail vi. 流行,盛行
589. quit v. 停止
590. quotation n. 引文,引语
591. recreation n. 娱乐活动
592. recruit vt. 招募,吸收（新成员）
593. rival n. 竞争对手,敌手
594. shuttle n. 梭子；航天飞机
595. skim vt. 搬（去）,掠过；浏览
596. sketch n. 草图；梗概
597. slender a. 苗条的,修长的
598. theme n. 主题
599. textile n. 纺织品
600. tropical a. 热带的,炎热的
601. kneel vi. 跪
602. label n. 标签
603. merchant n. 商人
604. mere a. 仅仅的,只不过的；纯粹的
605. nuisance n. 令人讨厌的东西（或人）
606. numerous a. 众多的,许多的
607. parade n. 游行 v. 列队行进
608. pants [pl.] n. 长裤；内裤
609. partial a. 部分的
610. passport n. 护照
611. prescribe vt. 开药,吩咐采用...疗法
612. primitive a. 原始的,早期的
613. ridge n. 脊,山脊,埂
614. ridiculous a. 可笑的,荒漠的
615. rigid a. 严格的；僵硬的
616. withstand vt. 经受,承受
617. witness n. 目击者；证据 vt. 注意到；证明
618. withdraw v. 收回,撤销
619. slippery a. 滑的
620. smash vt. 粉碎,打烂
621. snap n./vt. 折断,拉断；快照
622. software n. 软件
623. solar a. 太阳的
624. lunar a. 月的,月球的
625. submerge vi. 潜入水中
626. submit vi.(to)屈服,听从
627. timber n. 木材,原木
628. tissue n. 组织；薄纱,手巾纸
629. title n. 题目,标题
630. tone n. 语气,音调
631. drift vi. 漂,漂流
632. drip n. 滴
633. durable a. 耐用的,持久的
634. duration n. 持续,持续期间
635. dusk n. 黄昏,薄暮
636. leather n. 皮革
637. legislation n. 法律,法规；立法
638. leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲
639. loose a. 松的,宽松的
640. loosen v. 解开,放松
641. earnest a. 认真的,诚挚的
642. earthquake n. 地震
643. echo n. 回音,回声
644. elaborate a. 精心设计的,复杂的
645. elastic n. 橡皮圈（带） a. 有弹性的
646. elbow n. 肘
647. electron n. 电子
648. volcano n. 火山
649. volume n. 卷,册；体积,容量
650. fatigue n. 疲劳,劳累
651. faulty a. 有错误的,有缺点的
652. favorable a. 有利的,顺利的
653. favorite a. 特别受喜欢的 n. 喜爱的人或物
654. gallery n. 画廊
655. gallon n. 加仑
656. gap n. 间隔,差距
657. garbage n. 垃圾,废物
658. gaze v. 凝视,注视
659. gear n. 齿轮,传动装置
660. gene n. 基因
661. lest conj. 唯恐,免得
662. liable a. 可能的,大概的；(to)易于...的
663. liberal a. 自由得
664. liberty n. 自由
665. license /license n. 许可证,执照
666. moisture n. 潮湿
667. motivate vt. 激励,激发
668. motive n. 动机,目的
669. generate vt. 生成,产生（光、热、电等）
670. genius n. 天才,天赋
671. genuine a. 真的,真诚的
672. gasoline n. 汽油
673. germ n. 微生物,细菌
674. gesture n. 姿势,手势
675. giant a. 巨大的 n. 巨人,巨物
676. glimpse n. 一瞥,一看
677. glory n. 光荣,荣誉
678. glorious n. 光荣的,极好的
679. golf n. 高尔夫球运动
680. hydrogen n. 氢
681. oxygen n. 氧
682. hostile a. 敌对的,敌意大
683. household n. 家庭,户
684. hook n. 钩
685. holy a. 神圣地,圣洁的
686. hint n. 暗示,示意
687. hesitate v. 犹豫
688. highlight vt. 强调,突出
689. hence ad. 因此,所以；今后,从此
690. herd n. 兽群,牧群A
absence n.缺席，不在场，缺乏
absorb vt.吸收，使专心
abstract adj.抽象的 n.摘要
academic adj.学院的，学术的
access n.接近，通道，入口
accordingly adv.因此，依照
account n.记述，解释，账目
accurate adj.准确的，正确无误的
accuse vt.指责，归咎于
actor n.男演员
actress n.女演员
actual adj.实际的，现行的
adapt vt.使适应，改编
admire vt.钦佩，羡慕，赞赏
admit vt.承认，准许…进入
adopt vt.收养，采用，采取
adult n.成年人adj.成年的
advance vi.前进，提高 n.进展
adventure n.冒险，惊险活动
affair n.事情，事件，事务
affect vt.影响，感动
afterward (s) adv. 后来，以后，随后
agent n.代理人，代理商
agriculture n.农业，农艺，农学
ahead adv.在前，向前，提前
aid n.帮助，救护，助手
aim vi.瞄准，针对，致力
aircraft n.飞机，飞行器
alarm n.惊恐，忧虑，警报
album n.集邮本，照相簿，唱片
alcohol n.酒精，乙醇
altogether adv.完全，总而言之
amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊愕
ambition n.雄心，抱负，野心
amount n.总数，数量，和
amuse vt.逗…乐，给…娱乐
analyze vt.分析，分解，解析
ancestor n.祖宗，祖先
anger n.怒，愤怒 vt.使发怒
angle n.角，角度
anniversary n.周年纪念日
announce vt.宣布，发表
annoy vt.使恼怒，打搅
anxious adj.忧虑的，渴望的
anyhow adv.无论如何
apart adv.相隔，分开，除去
apartment n.一套公寓房间
apologize vi.道歉，谢罪，认错
appearance n.出现，来到，外观
apply vt.应用，实施，使用
appointment n.任命，约定，约会
appreciate vt.欣赏，领会，感谢
approach vt.向…靠近n.靠近
architecture n.建筑学，建筑式样
argue vi.争论，争辩，辩论
arrange vt.筹备，整理，调解
arrest vt.逮捕，拘留
arrival n.到达，到达者
artist n.艺术家，美术家
ash n.灰，灰末，骨灰
ashamed adj.惭愧(的)，羞耻(的)
aside adv.在旁边，到旁边
aspect n.方面，样子，外表
assistant n.助手，助教
assume vt.假定，承担，呈现
astonish vt.使惊讶，使吃惊
athlete n.运动员
atmosphere n.大气，气氛
attach vt.缚，系，贴，附加
attack vt.vi.n.攻击，进攻
attempt vt.尝试，试图n.企图
attend vt.出席，照顾，护理
attitude n.态度，看法，姿势
attract vt.吸引，诱惑
audience n.听众，观众
available adj.可利用的，通用的
average n.平均数adj.平均的
award n.奖，奖品，判定
aware adj.知道的，意识到的
awful adj.令人不愉快的
B
badly adv.坏，差，严重地
badminton n.羽毛球
baggage n.行李
bake vt.烤，烘，烧硬
balance vt.使平衡，称n.天平
ban n. 禁令vt. 禁止，取缔
band n.乐队，带，波段
bar n.酒吧间，条，杆
bare adj.赤裸的，仅仅的
bargain n.交易vi.议价，成交
base n.基础，底层，基地
basin n.盆子，盆地
basis n.基础，根据
bath n.洗澡，浴缸
bathe vt.给…洗澡，弄湿
battery n.电池
battle n.战役，斗争vi.作战
beard n.胡须，络腮胡子
beauty n.美，美丽，美人
beer n.啤酒
beg vt.vi.乞求，请求
beginning n.开始，开端，起源
behave vi.表现，举止
belly n.腹部，胃
belong vi.属于，附属
belt n.带，腰带，区
bench n.长凳，条凳，工作台
bend vt.使弯曲vi.弯曲
benefit n.利益，恩惠，津贴
best adj.最好的
better adj.较好的ad.更好地
billion num.十亿
biology n.生物学，生态学
birthplace n.出生地
bite vt.咬，叮，螫
blame vt.责备，把…归咎于
blank adj.空白的n.空白
blanket n.毯子
bleed vi.流血
block n.街区vt.堵塞，拦阻
blouse n. 宽松的上衣
boil vi.沸腾，汽化vt.煮沸
bomb n.炸弹vt.轰炸
bone n.骨，骨骼
border n.边缘，边界
bother vt.烦扰，迷惑n.麻烦
brake n.闸，刹车vi.制动
branch n.树枝，分部，分支
brand n.商品，烙印vt.铭刻
brick n.砖块
brief adj.简短的vt.作简报
broad adj.宽的，阔的，广泛的
broadcast n.广播，播音
broom n. 扫帚
bucket n.水桶，吊桶
budget n.预算
burden n.担子，负担，装载量
burst vt.使爆裂vi.n.爆炸
bury vt.埋葬，埋藏
bush n.灌木
butcher n. 屠夫，屠户
button n.扣子，按钮vt.扣紧
C
café n.咖啡馆，小餐厅
cage n.笼，鸟笼，囚笼
calculate vt.计算，估计，计划
calm adj.平静的
candidate n.候选人，投考者
carpet n.地毯，毡毯，毛毯
carrot n.胡萝卜
cart n.二轮运货马车
case n.情况，事实，病例
cash n.现金，现款
castle n.城堡
casual adj.偶然的，随便的
cattle n.牛，牲口，家畜
cave n.山洞，洞穴，窑洞
centimeter n.厘米
central adj.中心的，主要的
ceremony n.典礼，仪式，礼节
certainly adv.一定，必定，当然
chain n.链，链条，项圈
challenge n.挑战
champion n.冠军
channel n.海峡，渠道，频道
chapter n.章，回，篇
character n.性格，特性，角色
characteristic adj.特有的n.特性
charge vt.索价，控告n.费用
chat vi.n. 闲谈，聊天
check n.支票
cheek n.面颊，脸蛋
chief adj.主要的，首席的
chimney n.烟囱
cigar n. 雪茄
cigarette n.香烟
citizen n.公民，市民，居民
civil adj.公民的，文职的
clerk n.店员，办事员，职员
climate n.气候
clinic n.诊所，医务室，会诊
clothing n.衣服
cock n.公鸡，龙头
collar n.衣领
comb n.梳子vt.梳理
combine vt.使结合，兼有
comedy n.喜剧，喜剧场面
comfort n.舒适，安慰vt.安慰
comment n.评论，意见，注释
commercial adj.商业的，商品化的
committee n.委员会
communism n.共产主义
communist n.共产党员
companion n.同伴
compete vi.比赛，竞争，对抗
complex adj.结合的，复杂的
comrade n.同志
concentrate vt.集中，聚集，浓缩
concern n.关心，挂念，关系
conclusion n.结论，推论，结尾
concrete n.混凝土a.具体的，实在的
conduct n.举止，行为，指导
conductor n.售票员，(乐队)指挥
confident n.确信的，自信的
confirm vt.证实，肯定，批准
conflict n.争论，冲突，斗争
confuse vt.使混乱，混淆
congratulation n. 祝词，贺辞
consist vi.由…组成
constant adj.经常的，永恒的
construction n.建造，建筑物
consume vt.消耗，消费
contain vt.包含，容纳
content adj.满意的，满足的
continent n.大陆，洲
contribute vt.捐献，捐助，投稿
convenient adj.便利的，方便的
convince vt.使确信，使信服
corn n.谷物，小麦
cottage n.村舍，小屋
counter n.柜台，计数器
court n.法庭
courtyard n. 庭院，院子
crash vi.碰撞，坠落n.碰撞
cream n.奶油
creature n.生物，创造物
credit n.信用，分数
crew n.全体船员
crime n.罪，罪行，犯罪
crop n.农作物，庄稼
crossing v. 横越n. 交叉口
crowd n.群，大众，一伙人
cupboard n.碗柜
cure vt.医治n.治愈
curious adj.好奇的，稀奇古怪的
curtain n.帘，窗帘，幕(布)
cushion n.垫子，坐垫，靠垫
custom n.习惯，风俗，海关
customer n.顾客，主顾
cycle n.循环
D
damage vt.损害，毁坏n.损害
damp adj.潮湿的
darkness n.黑暗
dawn n.黎明，开端
deadline n. 最终期限
debate n.vi.争论，辩论
debt n.债务，欠债
declare vt.断言，声明
decorate vt.装饰
decrease vi.n.减少
deed n.行为，功绩，契约
defeat vt.战胜，击败
defence n.防御，辩护
defend vt.保卫，防守
degree n.程度，度，学位
delay vt.推迟，耽搁，延误
delete vt.删除，擦掉
delight n.快乐vt.使高兴
deliver vt.投递，送交
demand vt.要求，需要
department n.部，司，局，处，系
depth n.深度，深处
description n.描述；形容
desert n.沙漠vt.离弃，擅离
deserve vt.应受，值得
design vt.设计n.设计，图样
desire vt.相望，要求n.愿望
destination n.目的地，终点，目标
destroy vt.破坏，消灭
detect vt.察觉，发觉，侦察
determine vt.决定，决心
devote vt.将…奉献，致力于
diagram n.图解，图表，简图
dial n.钟面，拨号盘vt.拨号
diamond n.钻石，菱形
dictation n.口授
diet n.饮食，食物
differ vi.不同，相异
digest vt.消化，领会n.文摘
digital adj.数字的
dirt n.尘，土，污垢
disadvantage n.缺点，弱点
disagree vi.不同意；不一致
disappear vi.不见，失踪，消失
disappoint vt.使失望
disaster n.灾难
discount n.折扣
discriminate vt.vi.区别对待，歧视
dislike vt.n.不喜爱，厌恶
distance n.距离，远处
distant adj.在远处的，疏远的
distinguish vt.区别，辨别
district n.地区，区域
document n.公文，文件
donate vt.vi.捐赠
dormitory n.集体寝室，宿舍
dot n.点，圆点vt.打点于
download n. 下装，卸载
downtown adv. 在市区，往市区
drawing n.绘画
drill n.钻头，操练vi.钻孔
drown v.溺死
drunk a.醉的，陶醉的
due adj.预期的，应给的
dull a.枯燥的，阴暗的
dust n.灰尘
dusty adj.多灰尘的，灰蒙蒙的；粉末状的；灰色的
E
eager adj.渴望的，热切的
earn vt.挣得，获得
earthquake n.地震
eastern adj.东方的，朝东的
edit vt.编辑，编纂，校订
effect n.效果，效力
elect vt.选举，推选
electricity n.电，电流
electronic adj.电子的
embarrass vt.使窘迫，使为难
emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件
employ vi.雇用
endless adj.无止境的
engine n.发动机，引擎
enjoyable adj.使人快乐的，有乐趣的
entertainment n. 娱乐，款待，娱乐表演
entire adj.全部的，彻底的
entrance n.入口，进入
envelope n.信封，封套
envy vt.n.妒忌，羡慕
equal adj.相等的，平等的
equipment n.装备，设备，配备
error n.错误，谬误，差错
escape vi.逃跑，逸出n.逃跑
especially adv.特别，尤其，格外
essay n.短文，散文，小品文
evaluate vt.评价，估…的价
event n.事件，事变
evidence n.根据，证据，证人
exact adj.确切的，精确的
exactly adv.的确如此
exchange vt.交换，交流n.交换
exciting adj.令人兴奋的
exhibition n.展览，陈列，展览会
exist vi.存在，生存
exit n.出口，退场vi.退出
expand vt.扩大，使膨胀
expense n.花费，消费，费用
expert n.专家a.熟练的
explanation n.解释，说明，辩解
explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸
exploit vt.剥削，利用，开拓
explore vt.vi.探险，探索
export vt.输出，出口
expression n.词句，表达，表情
extra adj.额外的ad.特别地
extraordinary adj.非同寻常的，特别的
extremely adv.极其，非常
F
fade vi.褪色，逐渐消失
failure n.失败，失败的人
fairly adv.相当，公平地
faith n.信任，信心，信仰
false adj.不真实的，伪造的
familiar adj.熟悉的
farther adv.更远地a.更远的
fasten vt.扎牢，扣住，使固定
fault n.缺点，过失，故障
favor n.好感，赞同，恩惠
fax n.vt. 传真
feather n.羽毛，翎毛，羽状物
federal adj.联邦的，联盟的
fee n.费，酬金，赏金
fellow n.人，家伙，伙伴
female n.a.女性的，雌性的
fence n.栅栏
fiction n.小说，虚构，杜撰
fierce adj.凶猛的，狂热的
figure n.数字，外形，人物
file n.档案vt.把…归档
finance n.财政，金融，财源
fireworks n.[pl.]爆竹，烟花
firm adj.坚定的n.公司，商号
fist n.拳头
flame n.火焰，光辉，热情
flash n.闪光vi.闪，闪烁
flesh n.肉，肌肉，肉体
flight n.航班，飞行，逃跑
float vi.漂浮vt.使漂浮
flood n.洪水
flour n.面粉，粉末
flow vi.流动，飘扬，涨潮
fluent adj.流利的，流畅的
focus vi.聚焦，注视n.焦点
foggy adj.有雾的，模糊的
fold vt.折叠，合拢n.褶
folk n.人们，家属，亲属
fond adj.喜爱的，溺爱的
fool n.傻子vt.欺骗，愚弄
foolish adj.愚蠢的
forbid vt.禁止
forecast n.预测，预报vt.预示
forever adv.永远，总是，老是
forgive vt.原谅，宽恕
former adj.在前的n.前者
fortnight n.两星期，十四天
fortunate adj.幸运的
fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏
fortune n.命运，运气，财产
found vt.创立，创办
fountain n.泉水，喷泉
freedom n.自由
frequent adj.经常的
frequently adv.时常，频繁地
frighten vt.使惊恐，吓唬
fry vt.油煎，油炸，油炒
fuel n.燃料vt.给…加燃料
function n.功能，职务，函数
fur n.软毛，毛皮，裘皮
G
gain vt.获得，增加n.增进
garbage n.垃圾，污物，废料
gas n.煤气，气体
gather vi.聚集，集合vt.收集
gay adj.快乐的，鲜明的
generally adv.一般地，通常地
generation n.一代，一代人，产生
generous adj.慷慨的，宽厚的
gentle adj.和蔼的，轻柔的
glance vi.看一下n.一瞥
globe n.地球，世界，地球仪
goal n.球门，得分，目的
goods n.货物，商品
gradual adj.逐渐的，渐进的
gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
graduate n.大学毕业生vi.毕业
graduation n.毕业
grain n.谷物，谷粒，颗粒
grand adj.宏伟的，重大的
grasp vt.抓紧，掌握n.抓
gravity n.重力，引力，严重性
greatly adv.大大地，非常地；伟大地，崇高地
greet vt.问候，招呼，反应
grey n./a.灰色(的)
grocer n.杂货商
grocery n.杂货店
guide n.导游vt.指导
guilty adj.内疚的，有罪的
H
haircut n.理发；发型，发式
hammer n.锤子　vt.锤击
handkerchief n.手帕
handle n.柄，把手vt.处理
happiness n.幸福；满足
harbour n.港
hard-working adj. 勤劳
hardship n.艰难，困苦
harm n.伤害，损害vt.损害
harmony n.协调，和谐
harvest n.收获，收成vt.收割
headmaster n. 英国中小学校长，男舍监
hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇
highway n.公路，大路
hire vt.雇用
honey n.蜜，蜂蜜，甜，甜蜜
hopeless adj.没有希望的，绝望的
horrible adj. 可怕的，极可憎的，极可厌的
host n.主人，东道主
housewife n.家庭主妇
humour v. 纵容，迁就
hunger n.饥饿，渴望
hunt n.vt.打猎，搜寻
I
identity n.身分，相同vt.确定身份
ignore vt.不顾，不理，忽视
illegal adj.非法的
immediate adj.立即的，直接的
immigrate v.移民
import vt.n.输入，进口
importance n.重要性
impress vt.给…深刻印象
income n.收入，收益
indeed adv.真正地，确实
independent adj.独立的，自主的
indicate vt.标示，表示，表明
infer vt.推论，推断，猜想
inform vt.通知，向…报告
innocent adj.清白的，幼稚的
insect n.昆虫
insert vt.插入，嵌入
inspire vt.鼓舞，给…以灵感
instant n.瞬间a.立即的
institute n.研究所，学院
instrument n.仪器，工具，乐器
insurance n.保险，保险费
intelligence n.智力，理解力，情报
intend vt.想要，打算，意指
interpret vt.解释，说明，口译
interpreter n.翻译
interrupt vt.打断，打扰，中止
J
jam n.果酱
jar n.罐子，坛子，广口瓶
jazz n.爵士音乐，爵士舞曲
journalist n.记者，新闻工作者
journey n.旅行，旅程
judge n.法官，裁判员
jungle n.丛林，密林
junior adj.年少的，地位较低的n.晚辈
justice n.正义，公正，司法
K
kindergarten n.幼儿园
L
lack vt.缺乏，不足n.短缺的东西
ladder n.梯子
lately adv.最近
later adv.后来
latter adj.(两者中)后者的
lawyer n.律师
league n.同盟，联盟
leak vi.漏；泄露n.漏洞
lecture vi.演讲；讲课n.演讲；讲课
legal adj.合法的
length n.长度
less adj.更少的ad.更少地
liberate vt.解放，释放
librarian n.图书馆馆员
lifetime n.终身
lightning n.闪电
likely adj.可能的ad.很可能
limit vt.限制，限定n.限度，限制
link vt.连接n.联系
lip n.嘴唇
liquid n.液体a.液体的，流动的
literature n.文学(作品)
litre n.公升
living-room n.起居室
load vt.装，装满n.负载；负担
loaf n.一条面包
local adj.地方的n.局部
loose adj.宽松的；自由的
lorry n.卡车
loss n.遗失；失败；损失
luggage n.行李，皮箱
lung n.肺
M
mailbox n.邮箱
major vi.主修，专攻a.主要的，多数的n.专业
majority n.多数
male adj.男的，雄的
mankind n.人类
manner n.方式，态度；礼貌
march n.三月
mass n.大量；群众
material n.材料，原料；素材a.物质的
mathematics n.数学
matter n.事情；物质vi.要紧，有关系
maximum n.最大量a.最大的
means n.方法，手段
meanwhile adv.同时，当时
measure vt.量，测量n.测量；措施
medal n.奖章，纪念章
media n. 媒体
mental adj.智力的；精神的
menu n.菜单
merchant n.商人
mercy n.仁慈
merely adv.仅仅，只不过
merry adj.欢乐的，愉快的
midday n.中午
midnight n.午夜
mild adj.温柔的；温暖的
million num.百万
mine pron.我的n.矿，矿山；地雷，水雷vt.开采
mineral n.矿物a.矿物的
minimum n.最小量a.最小的
minister n.部长，大臣
minority n.少数派；少数民族
miserable adj.痛苦的，悲惨的
misunderstand vt.误解，误会
mix vt.使混合；混淆
mobile adj.运动的，移动的
modest adj.谦虚的
moral adj.合乎道德的n.道德，品行
motor n.发动机，机动车
mountainous adj.多山的
mourn vi.哀痛，哀悼
movement n.动作；活动；移动
multiply vt.增加；乘
musical adj.音乐的
N
nail n.钉子；指甲vt.钉
nation n.民族，国家
nationality n.国籍，民族
native adj.本土的n.本地人
navy n.海军
neat adj.整洁的；简洁的
needle n.针vt.缝补，编织
nephew n.侄子，外甥
nest n.巢，窝
net adj.净的，纯的n.网，网状物
niece n.侄女，外甥女
noble adj.高尚的n.贵族
noisy adj.嘈杂的，喧闹的
noun n.名词
novel n.小说a.新奇的，新颖的
nowadays adv.现今，现在n.现今，当今
nowhere adv.任何地方都不
nuclear adj.原子核的；核心的
nut n.坚果
nutrition n.营养
O
obey vt.顺从vi.服从
observe vt.观察，注意到
obtain vt.获得
obvious adj.显而易见的
occupation n.占领，占据；职业，工作
occupy vt.占领，占有；忙碌
occur vi.发生
official adj.官方的n.官员，行政人员
onto prep.到…上
opera n.歌剧
operate vi.操作；施行手术
opinion n.意见，看法
oppose vt.反对，反抗
opposite adj.对面的n.对立物
optimistic adj.乐观的
oral adj.口头的
orbit n.运行轨道vt.环绕
ordinary adj.平常的，平凡的
organize vt.组织，安排；筹办
original adj.最初的；新颖的n.创新
otherwise adv.另外，要不然
ought aux.应该
outdoor adj./ad.户外的，野外的
outdoors adv.在户外n.户外
outer adj.外部的，外面的
outline n.轮廓；大纲
outstanding adj.突出的，杰出的
overcome vt.战胜，克服
owe vt.欠；归功于
ox n.公牛
oxygen n.氧，氧气
P
pack vt.捆扎，打包；挤满n.包
packet n.小包
pain n.痛苦；疼痛
painful adj.痛苦的
painting n.油画；绘画
pan n.平底锅
panic n.恐慌，惊慌
paragraph n.(文章的)段，节
parcel n.包裹，邮包
parrot n.鹦鹉
participate vi.参与，参加
particular adj.特殊的，特定的
partly adv.部分地
partner n.伙伴，搭挡，合伙人；配偶
passer-by n. 过路人
passive adj.被动的，消极的
pattern n.式样，模型
pause n.中止vi.中止，暂停
peaceful adj.和平的；平静的
pence n. penny的复数
per prep.每，每一
perform vt.执行；演出
performance n.履行；表演；表现
permit vt.允许n.执照，许可证
persuade vt.说服
petrol n.汽油
phenomenon n.现象
phrase n.短语，习惯用语
pile n.堆vt.堆叠
pill n.药丸
pillow n.枕头
pin n.别针，钉子vt.钉住
pipe vt.用管道输送n.管子，导管；烟斗
platform n.站台，讲台
player n.表演者，比赛者
playmate n. 玩伴，游伴
pleased adj.高兴的
plough n.犁vt.犁，耕
poet n.诗人
poison n.毒药vt.毒害；投毒
pole n.杆，柱
policy n.政策，方针
political adj.政治上的
politics n.政治
pollution n.污染
port n.港口
positive adj.确定的；积极的；正的
possession n.财产
possibly adv.可能地，也许
postcode n. 邮递区号
pot n.锅
potential adj.潜在的n.潜能
pour vt.流，倾盆大雨vi.倾泻
powder n.粉末；火药
power n.能力；电力；权力
powerful adj.强有力的
practical adj.实用的
pray vt.请求；祈祷
precious adj.珍贵的，宝贵的
predict vt.预言，预测
prefer vt.宁可，宁愿
press vi.压，按vt.压；压榨n.印刷；新闻，报刊；出版社
pretend vt.假装，装作vi.假装
principle n.原则，原理
process n.过程vt.处理
production n.产品；产量
profession n.职业
professor n.教授
profit n.利润vi.得益
project n.计划；工程；项目vi.伸出vt.设计，规划
promote vt.促进，提升；推销
province n.省
publish vt.公布，发表；出版，刊印
pump n.泵vt.用泵抽，打气
punishment n.惩罚
purchase vt.购买n.购买；赃物
pure adj.纯洁的
puzzle n.难题；谜vi.使迷惑
Q
quality n.质量；特性
quantity n.数量；大量
quarrel vi.争吵n.争吵，吵架
queue n.队列vi.排队等候
quit vt.离开，停止；辞职
R
range vi.变动，变化n.范围
rank n.军衔vt.归类于
rate n.比率；速度；价格vt.评价，估价
ray n.光线；射线
react vi.反应
reading n.阅读；读物
reality n.现实；真实
reception adj.接待；接待处
recognize vt.认出，识别
recommend vt.推荐
recover vt.恢复，痊愈
recycle vt.重复利用
reduce vt.减少，减小
refer vt.求助于vi.谈到；参考，查阅
reflect vt.反射，反映；思考
reform n.改革，改良vt.改革，革新
register vt.登记，注册n.登记，注册
regular adj.规则的，整齐的；定期的，常规的
reject vt.拒绝；丢掉；驳回
relate vt.联系
relative adj.有关系的；相对的n.亲戚，亲属
relevant adj.有关的；中肯的
reliable adj.可靠的
religion n.宗教信仰
rely vi.依赖，依靠；信赖
remark vi.评论n.评论；备注
remind vt.提醒
remote adj.遥远的
remove vt.移动；搬迁
rent n.租金，租vi.出租
repair vt.修理，修补n.修理
repeat vt.重说，重做n.重复
reply vi.回答，答复n.答复
represent vt.描绘；代表，象征
republic n.共和国
reputation n.名誉，声望
request n.请求，要求vt.请求，要求
rescue vt.援救，营救
reserve vt.储备，保留；预定
resist vt.抵抗，抵制
respect vt.尊敬，尊重n.尊敬
respond vi.回答；响应
responsible adj.有责任的；尽责的
retire vi.退休
revise vt.校订，修改
revolution n.革命；旋转
reward n.报答；报酬vt.报答；酬金
ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
risk n.风险，危险vt.冒险
rob vt.抢劫，劫掠vi.抢劫，劫掠
rocket n.火箭
roll vi.滚动，转动n.一卷；名册
roof n.屋顶
root n.根（部）；根源vi.生根，扎根
rough adj.表面不平的；粗略的；大致的
rude adj.粗野的，残暴的
ruin n.毁灭；废墟vt.毁坏
S
sacrifice vt.牺牲，献祭
sailor n.海员，水兵
salary n.薪水
satellite n.卫星
satisfaction n.满意
scan vt.浏览；扫描
scare vt.惊吓vi.受惊
scene n.情景；景色
schedule vt.安排n.时间表，计划表
scholarship n.奖学金
scientific adj.科学的
scold vt.责骂
scream vi.尖叫n.尖叫声
seaside n.海边
section n.切片；部门；章节
secure adj.安全的
seed n.种(子)，籽
seek vt.寻找，探索
seize vt.抓住；夺取，占据
select vt.选择vi.挑选
self n.自我，自己
selfish adj.自私的，利己的
senior adj.年长者；资格老的
sensitive adj.敏感的，灵敏的
settle vt.安排，安放；解决vi.定居
sew vt.缝制
sex n.性别，性
shade n.树荫；遮光物vi.荫蔽
shadow n.阴影，影子
shallow adj.浅的，浅薄的n.浅滩
sharp adv.（时刻）整a.锋利的；敏锐的；刺耳的
shave vt.剃，刮vi.修面n.刮脸
sheet n.被单；纸张，薄片
shelter n.掩蔽处vt.遮蔽，掩护
shock n.冲击；震惊；电击vi.震动
shoot vt.发射；射门，投篮n.发芽
shopping n.购物
shore n.滨，岸
shortcoming n.短处，缺点
shot n.射击，发射；投篮
sigh vi.叹气，叹息n.叹息
sign n.符号；征兆vt.签名
signal n.信号vi.发信号
significance n.意义，意味；重要性
simply adv.简单地；朴素地；仅仅，只不过
sincere adj.真诚的，真挚的
sincerely adv.真诚地
sink vi.下沉，降低n.水槽，水池
skin vt.剥皮n.皮，皮肤；兽皮
skyscraper n.摩天大楼
slave n.奴隶，苦工
slight adj.细长的；轻微的
slightly adv.轻微地
slim adj.细长的，微小的
smooth adj.平滑的，平静的
sneaker n. 鬼鬼祟祟做事的人，卑鄙者，运动鞋
soccer n.英式足球
socialism n.社会主义
socialist adj.社会主义的
software n.软件
soil n.土壤；土地
solar adj.太阳的，日光的
soul n.灵魂，精神；人
specific adj.特有的；具体的
spit vi.吐唾沫
splendid adj.壮丽的，显著的
split vt.劈开
spoken adj. 口头讲的，口语的
speak的过去分词
sponsor n.发起者vt.发起
spot vt.认出，发现n.点，斑点；地点
spy n.间谍，特务vt.侦察，监视
stable adj.稳定的，安定的n.马厩，马棚
stadium n. 露天大型运动场
staff n.全体工作人员
stage n.舞台；阶段，时期
stair n.楼梯
stare vi.凝视
starve vi.饿死vt.使饿死
steady adj.稳固的vt.使稳定
steam n.蒸汽vi.蒸发vt.蒸煮
steel n.钢
straight adj.直的；正直的ad.直接地
strength n.力量，力气
stress n.压力；重音vt.着重，强调
strike vt.打，击；罢工n.罢工；打击；
struggle n.斗争；奋斗vi.斗争；奋斗
studio n.工作室，播音室
style n.风格，式样
suck vt.吸，吮
suddenly adv.突然
suffer vt.遭受，忍受vi.受害，受损失
suit n.起诉，诉讼vt.适合
suitable adj.适宜的；恰当的
sum n.总数；金额vi.共计
summary adj.简短的，扼要的n.摘要，总结
sunset n.日落
sunshine n.阳光
support vt.支持；供养；承受
surround vt.包围，环绕
survive vt.幸免于vi.活下来
swallow vt.吞，咽vi.吞，咽n.燕子
switch n.开关；转换vt.转换
symbol n.象征；符号
sympathy n.同情，同情心
system n.系统；制度
T
tailor n.裁缝vt.裁制衣服
talent n.天才，才能
tank n.坦克；大容器
tap vt.轻打，轻敲n.塞子，龙头；轻叩，轻拍
target n.靶；目标
tax n.税（款）vt.征税
tear n.泪滴，眼泪vt.撕开，撕裂
technical adj.技术的，工艺的
technique n.技巧，技能
teenager n.青少年
telegram n.电报
telegraph n.电报(机) v.发电报
telescope n.望远镜
television n.电视，电视机
temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的
tend vi.走向，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
tense adj.紧张的；拉紧的n.时态
theme n.题目；词干；主旋律
theory n.理论，学说
therefore adv.因此，所以
thief n.窃贼，偷窃犯
thinking n.思考；想法，见解
throat n.咽喉
throughout prep.遍及ad.到处
thus adv.如此，这样；因而
tick n.滴答声；记号vi.发出滴答声
tight adj.紧的；紧身的ad.紧紧地
timetable n.时间表；时刻表
tin n.锡；罐头
tip vt.轻击vi.给小费n.小费
tire vi.疲劳；厌倦n.轮胎
title n.标题，题目；称号，头衔
tobacco n.烟草，烟叶
tolerate vt.忍受，容忍
topic n.题目；论题，话题
tough adj.坚韧的；健壮的
track n.行踪，路径；轨道
tractor n.拖拉机
tradition n.传统，惯例
transport n.运输vt.运输
trap n.陷阱；诡计vt.诱骗
trend vi.伸向；倾向n.倾向
trial n.试验；审判
trick n.诡计；窍门vt.哄骗
type n.类型vi.打字
typewriter n.打字机
typical adj.典型的，代表性的
typist n.打字员
tyre n.轮胎
U
underline vt.在…下划线；强调
understanding n.理解，理解力
unfair adj.不公平的
uniform adj.一样的n.制服
unique adj.唯一的
unite vi.联合vt.使联合
united adj.一致的；联合的
universe n.宇宙，世界
unknown adj.未知的，不知名的
unusual adj.不平常的，独特的
update vt.更新，使现代化n.现代化，更新
upset vt.使不适，使心烦n.混乱
upward adj.向上的，上升的ad.向上，往上
urban adj.都市的
urgent adj.紧急的
usually adv.通常
V
valley n.山谷，流域
valuable adj.值钱的，有价值的n.贵重物品
variety n.多样化，种类
various adj.各种各样的
vast adj.巨大的，广阔的
vehicle n.车辆
verb n.动词
victim n.牺牲者，受害者
view vt.看待；看n.见解；风景
violent adj.猛烈的，狂暴的
virus n.病毒
visa n.签证；信用卡
volunteer n.志愿者vt.志愿
vote n.选举，投票
voyage n.航海vi.航海，航空
W
wage n.工资，报酬
waiter n.侍者，服务员
waitress n.女侍者，女服务员
wave n.波，波涛；起伏vi.波动；挥手
weakness n.弱点
web n.(蜘蛛)网，网状物；网络
website WWW（环球网）的站点
wedding n.婚礼
weed n.杂草，野草vi.除草
well-known adj.众所周知的
whisper vt.低声地讲vi.低语n.耳语，私语
whistle n.口哨vi.吹口哨
wild adj.野生的；野蛮的n.荒地
willing adj.心甘情愿的
wind n.风
wipe vt.揩，擦n.揩，擦
wire n.金属线，电缆
within prep.在…里面；不超过
witness n.证据；证人vt.目击
wooden adj.木制的；呆板的
wool n.羊毛，毛线
worse adj.更坏的ad.更坏
worst adj.最坏的ad.最坏地
worthwhile adj.值得的
would aux.将；愿意
Y
youth n.青春；青年1副词开头
我们先来看两个例句：
Carefully, he stepped over all the broken glass.他小心翼翼地踩过了所有的碎玻璃。
Joyfully, he skipped up the street.他很高兴地跳过了街道。
这里的carefully和joyfully把后面的两个动作“step踩”和“skip跳”描写的更加细致和生动。
我们来看2016年高考真题。故事大致是这样的：夫妻旅游途中吵架，妻子独自离开，迷路在树林里，直升飞机来了几次救援但没有看见她，她感到很失望。
第一段开头的提示句是：But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again.意思是：没有直升机来了，天又黑了。同学们，可以想一想，我们该怎么接下来写开头呢？我们来看看下面的写法：
Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest.
立刻，一片黑暗笼罩着森林。
这里就用了：时间副词immediately衔接 + 环境描写，烘托了森林里迷路的紧张气氛。
形容词短语开头
我们先看两个例句：Curious to know what was inside, he tiptoed into the dark cave.他好奇地想知道里面是什么，踮着脚尖走进了黑暗的洞穴。
这里的“Curious to know what was inside, 很想知道里面有什么东西”就是形容词短语，表明他进洞穴的原因。相当于：He was curious to know what was inside, and he tiptoed into the dark cave.
Unable to say a word, he was rooted to the spot.
一句话也说不出来，他就愣在了原地。
这里的“unable to say a word”也是一个形容词短语，表现了“愣在原地”这个动作伴随动作：说不出一个字。
我们来看2018年高考真题，讲的是爸爸带儿子去朋友家农场游玩而迷路的故事。第一段开头给的提示句是：Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. 突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的马前。
怎么接下来写开头呢？我们可以这么写：
Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. 意思是：我害怕我会伤害这个可爱的小生物，我自动发出一声喊叫来阻止我的马。这里用情绪形容词+从句的形式，很好体现了后一个动作“喊叫cry”的原因。
我们来看这篇文章的 第二段开头：
文章给的提示句是：We had no idea where we were and it got dark.我们不知道自己在哪里，天变黑了。
怎么接下来写开头呢？我们可以这么写：
Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back. 我又累又饿，想知道我们能不能找到回去的路。
这里用情绪形容词+从句的形式，很好体现了后一个动作伴随的情况：又累又饿！
3非谓语开头
先看这个例句：Looking around him cautiously, he slipped into the room and softly closed the door.
他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜进了房间，轻轻地关上门。
这里的“Looking around him cautiously”意思是：小心翼翼地环顾四周，是一个非谓语动词短语。
我们来看2016年高考真题第一段开头，刚才提到过，讲了妻子在森林里迷路的故事。
文章给的提示句是：But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again.但是没有直升机来了，天又黑了。刚才我们用副词开头写了一个句子。现在我们用非谓语开头，怎么写呢？我们可以这么写：
Feeling disappointed, Jane had to stay alone for another night. 简感到失望，不得不再呆一夜。本句中的开头，用了doing的形式，即feeling disappointed感到失望。
我们再来看2016年10月高考真题第二段开头：
文章给的提示句是：It was daybreak when Jane woke up. 简醒来的时候天已经亮了。怎么接下来写开头呢？
我们可以这么写：
Feeling refreshed, she continued to walk along the stream to find the way out.她感到神清气爽，继续沿着小溪散步，寻找出去的路。这里用feeling refreshed的形式，很好体现了后一个动作“walk”的伴随状态。
4对话或独白开头
先看一个例句：
“Let’s see who gets there first!” Rachel shouted, as she pedaled fast and zoomed past Jenny.
“让我们看看谁先到那里去！”瑞秋一边叫着，一边飞快地蹬着车从珍妮身边冲过去。
类似的写法，我们来看2017年高考真题，文章主要讲的是作者和朋友一起骑车游玩，途中遇狼的故事。第一段开头文章给的提示句是：The car abruptly stopped in front of him. 汽车突然停在他面前。
怎么接下来写开头呢？我们可以这么写："Get into thecar." Paul shouted at Mac. “上车！” 保罗对麦克喊道。
5背景描写
我们来看2017年高考真题，文章讲了作者与健忘的妈妈一块去旅游的故事。
第二段开头的提示语是这样的：We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way（我们开车穿过了几个州，沿途看到了很多好风景。）
怎么接下来写开头呢？我们可以这么写：
I looked out of the car window, winding rivers, lofty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys, holding me entirely in their fascination.
我望着车窗外，蜿蜒的河流，高耸的山脉，阳光明媚的海滩和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的注意力。这里用“视觉+环境描写+拟人”的写作手法，也成功地抓住了读者的注意力！
6行为描写
Furry started wagging his tail and running around in circles when he saw his master taking a leash out from the drawer. Furry was all ready for his evening walk.
当他看到他的主人从抽屉里拿出一条皮带时，Furry开始摇，绕着圈跑。Furry准备好了晚上的散步。一连串有关Furry的动作链，像放电影一样，印刻在读者的大脑中。为后面情节发展做好了铺垫。
我们来看2017年高考真题，仍然是作者与健忘妈妈一块去旅游的故事。
文章的第一段的提示句是：The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us.（第二天，我们想起了我们带来的那个全新的帐篷。）
怎么接下来写开头呢？我们可以这么写：
Dad exchanged a glance with me. Why not camp to satisfy Mom
爸爸和我相互看了一眼。 为什么不露营来满足妈妈？
这里就用到了“动作描写+问句”衔接。很好勾起了读者的兴趣。
读后续写英语写作必背素材
01动作描写
1. She shot her a meaningful look.
--《秘密花园》（Secret Garden）她向他意味深长地看了一眼。
2. Beli’s diamond eyes locked on to her.
--《奥斯卡·瓦奥短暂而奇妙的一生》贝利钻石般的眼睛紧盯着她。
3. Mary felt her heart race.玛丽感到她的心跳加速。
4. A great silence surrounded them.
--《 歌剧魅影The Phantom of the Opera 》周围一片寂静。
5. His name had completely slipped from my memory.
---《Wuthering Heights》他的名字，我竟忘得一干二净。
6. He stormed out and slammed the door shut.他怒气冲冲地跑了出去，把门重重地关上。
7. We were merrily driving on the highway when suddenly one tyre burst.
我们正在高速路上欢快地开着车突然一个轮胎爆胎了。
8. Jenny walked slowly to the front, with her legs trembling and her heart bumpingnearly out of her chest.
Jenny慢慢走到讲台，腿发抖，心都快跳出来了。
9. She choked and her eyes brimmed with tears.她喉咙哽咽，眼里满是泪水。
10.The moment he finished his speech in a magnetic voice, a wave of applauseerupted from the audience.
他用磁性的嗓音完成了演讲，观众席中暴发一阵掌声。
11. He stood leaning against the wall, unable to speak.
他靠着墙站着，说不出话来。（表达伤心）
12. She hugged them to her chest, and at last she was able to look up with tearful eyes and a smile.
她把它们紧紧地抱在胸前，终于抬起头来，泪流满面地微笑着。
13. He gave a jump in the air, twirled, ran a few steps, stopped, looked all around, sniffed the smells of afternoon, and then set off walking down through the orchard.
他先是蹦跶了一下，原地转了几圈，再跑上几步，又停了下来，四下望了望，嗅了嗅午后暖洋洋的空气，然后一路跑进了果园。（开心的场景）
14. Even as I was digging into my pocket to get out my revolver, I made a running step back.
当我在口袋里掏出左轮手枪的时候，我后退了一步。（描写恐惧）
15. Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen such a rabbit, and burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it.
爱丽丝跳了起来，因为她突然想到她从来没见过这样的兔子。她好奇地穿过田野，追赶那只兔子。
16. We got into his car and drove up the road, stopped a few houses down from the tree.
我们上了车，开上道路，然后停在了离这棵树有些距离的地方。
17. Abel was quick. Good Lord, he was fast. The ringleader had made a dash for it, trying to climb over a hall. Abel grabbed him, pulled him down and dragged him back.
Abel 跑的很快。这个元凶往前冲，试图反爬过大厅。但是Abel抓住他，把他拉下来并且拖了回去。
18. In between sobs I told her the story.在哭的时候，告诉她这个故事。
19. I ran back home, smiling and skipping along .我蹦蹦跳跳地笑着跑回家。
20. Abel slammed his foot on the gas and shot up onto the grass and straight toward the bottom of the tree.
Able 在汽油上用力踩了一下，然后飞快的踏上草坪直直地朝树底下走去。
21. Her pulses beat fast, and the blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.
她的心跳加快，热血温暖了身体的每个部位，使她感觉到身心完全地放松了
22. She arose at length and opened the door to her sister’s request.
她最终站起来，在她姐姐的请求下开了门。
23. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity.
那个侍者瞅着他顺着大街走去，这个年纪大的人走起路来虽然脚步不稳，却很神气。

02心理描写
1. The last word went like a bullet to my heart.
最后一句话像一颗子弹击中了我的心。
2. A ripple of sadness welled up inside him.他内心涌起一阵阵悲伤。
3. He felt the warmth surging through his body.他感到身体里涌动着一股暖流。
4.The loneliness and grief comes in waves.孤独和悲伤不断涌上心头。
5.So ashamed was she that she could feel the blood rush to her face.
她是如此羞愧以至于脸如充血般发烫。
6.Her eyes misted over as she immersed herself in their good memories.
当她沉浸在他们之间的美好回忆时，双眼蒙上了一层水雾。
7.Her brain quickened and all her senses were alert.
她的大脑快速运转，所有的感官都处于戒备状态。
8. At the sight of the ferocious wolf, I was seized by a strong sense of horror and my palms were sweating.
一看到那只凶猛的狼，我就被深深地恐惧感所控制，手心出汗。
9. When the host announced that she won the prize, her heart was thumping with excitement.
当主持人宣布她获奖时，她激动得心砰砰跳。
10. Her rage swept through her like a tidal wave, surrounding her like a foul stench.
她的愤怒像潮水一样席卷了她，像恶臭的气味将她包围。
11. “Here!” Alice jumped up, forgetting how large she had grown, and knocked over a basketful of apples just picked from the tree.
“在这儿！”爱丽丝激动地一跃，忘记了自己已经长得很大了，结果撞翻了一大篮刚摘的苹果。
12. She thought of the flowers glittering in the sunshine and the mountains turning rosy in the setting sun. And every night she cried into her pillow as though her heart would break into pieces.
她想起了阳光里闪耀的花儿，落日下慢慢变成玫瑰色的山脉。每一个夜晚，她把头埋在枕头里哭，肝肠寸断。
13. “In no way will I go back to that hell-like place. Never will anything to do with her disturb me any more.” he roared in his heart like a lion.
他在心里怒吼着：“我绝不回到那个鬼地方。我要忘却一切和她有关的人与事。”
14. “I’m up here,” said a cross little voice above them. “My head hurts.” Mowgli, still in a temper, came sliding down a tree trunk.
“我在上面呢。”他们头上传来微弱的声音。“我头疼”毛克利说，他从树上滑了下来，还生着气。
15. Tears welled up in Mowgli’s eyes as the memory of running wildly in the flowering field with Baloo and Bagheera sparkled into his mind. Would he ever see them again
想到和巴洛和巴格希拉在开满鲜花的田野里疯跑的那些日子，毛克利的泪水夺眶而出。他还能见到他们吗？
03外貌描写
1. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.
2. The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.
04 神态描写
1. 关于“笑”的表达：
The smile froze on her lips.
她脸上的笑容僵住了。
In spite of his disappointment, he managed a weak smile.
他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。
Alee became happy now and a gentle smile spread over her face.
整张脸洋溢着温和的微笑。
His face split into a wide smile.
他的脸上绽放出灿烂的笑容。
2. 有关“看”的表达：
He didn’t shout, and he just glared at me silently.
他只是默默怒视着我。
He gazed at the ..., unbelievable.
他难以置信地盯着……看。
He turned to her with a frightened air.
他害怕地看着他。
He was glaring down at me again, his black eyes full of disgust.
他又盯着我看，黑眼睛里充满了厌恶。
Her eyes were glued to the screen.
她目不转睛地盯着屏幕。
He give a glimpse of...from the corner of his eye.
他用眼睛的余角瞥了一眼。
3. With tears streaming down her face, words failed her .
眼泪顺着她的脸流下来，她说不出话来。
05 环境描写
Bright sunlight
A bright light streamed through the window, flooding the opening and spreading in a wide circle on the ceiling.
明媚的阳光
一道明亮的光线流过窗户，淹没了窗口，并在天花板上呈现一个光圈。
The rain like a deluge(n. 洪水；暴雨；泛滥）
The moon was overcast. The sky writhed with clouds. All at once thunder and lightning began. In a flash of light the fields were illuminated(照亮；说明） as far as the horizon. The stalks of wheat（小麦杆） bowed and the rain struck（strike过去式：击打） like a deluge. Before Yasha(人名）could collect his thoughts the sheets of water began to flail （打）the wagon（铁路货车） like a hailstorm（冰雹）. The tarpaulin（防水帆布） tore（tear过去式：撕碎/撕破） loose from the frame. The monkey choked off a terrified scream. In less than a minute the highway was mired（使......陷入泥泞）.
倾盆大雨
月亮看不见了。天空里乌云滚滚。一眨眼，传来了霹雳和闪电。再闪电的照耀下，田野一下子明亮起来，直到地平线。小麦杆全弯下去；雨像洪水似的倒下来。雅夏还来不及集中思想，一阵阵大雨像冰雹似的抽打起来大车来。钉在车架上的油布被扯开了。猴子吓得连一声尖叫也硬在喉咙里。不到一分钟，公路变成泥潭。
The peaceful fields
It was a pleasant land of white houses, peaceful plowed fields and sluggish yellow rivers, but a land of contrasts, of brightest sun glare and dense shade. The plantation clearings and miles of cotton fields smiled up to a warm sun, placid, complacent.
宁静的田野
银色的房屋，宁静的田野，加上那懒洋洋蜿蜒而去的黄泥河水，这里可以称得上是一片安乐的地方。那一片片已经清理的垦地，和绵延数理的棉花园，都好像是对着太阳微笑，显示出一片和平宁静的景象。
The twinkling stars
Almost as clearly as the sun could, the moon’s still pale light picked out vast sweeping stretching of distance, the grass shimmering and rippling like a restless sight, silver and white and grey.
几乎就像在阳光下那样，一切都看得一清二楚。静穆、清淡的月光照出了广阔无垠、一览无余的远方。微光扑朔的草地发出了一片低低的窸窣声，像是不肯停歇的低回浩叹。草原上闪动着一派银色、白色、灰色。
Clouds gather, driven by the rising wind
As the night advanced, the clouds closing in and densely overspreading the whole sky, then very dark, it came on to blow harder and harder.
当深夜来临时，云急剧地合拢起来，整个天空乌云密布，昏暗无比。
读后续写好词必背
01动词
伸懒腰；逗某人；快回来；急匆匆地走出去；穿过浅水河；
Stretched one’s tired back; teased sb; hurry back; hurried outside; go /walk across the shallow river;
走进去；艾伦冻僵了；一动不动地躺着；挤出来；停下来；出发去做某事；靠边停车；
stepped inside; Alan froze; lay still; squeeze out; paused; set off to do sth; pulled over;
抓住某物；跳下车；摇头；习惯了做;
grabbed sth; hopped out of the car; shook one’s head; got accustomed to doing;
用纸巾包起来；放在我的电脑旁边；把它扔到垃圾桶里；
wrapped them in a tissue; placed them beside my computer; dropped it into the rubbish bin;
大叫；翻白眼走开；大声笑出来；摆出灿烂的笑容；
yelled; rolled one’s eyes and walked away; laughed out loud; put on a bright smile;
艾伦的胃绷紧了；喃喃自语；说话；换班；皱眉头；
Alan’s stomach tightened；Muttered sth; Spoke up; Take a shift; Frowned;
发现沿河的动物足迹；低声说；
Spot animal tracks along the river; Whispered;
她伸手在口袋里掏出一个白色的小信封。里面是詹妮弗派对的邀请函。
She reached for a small white envelope in her pocket. In it was an invitation to Jennifer’s party.
被绑着；穿过树林；摔倒了；她的心越来越重。注视某人；
Be Tied; Walk through the woods; Dropped; Her heart grew heavier. Keep an eye on sb;
检查；伸手；转过身；勉强地笑了笑；
Checked; Reached over; Turned around; Managed a grin;
当她默默祈祷“谢谢你，上帝”时，喜悦的泪水涌上眼眶。
Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently, “Thank you, God.”
某物吸引了我的注意；当艾丽在天空中搜寻时，一种兴奋的感觉涌上心头。
Sth caught my eye; An excited feeling bubbled up inside Ally as she searched the sky.
02副词
轻柔地拉 pulled gently;
不断地 constantly；
犹豫地 hesitantly；
直视她的眼睛 look directly into her eyes；
紧密地匹配 closely match；
稍有不同地 be slightly different from；
不耐烦地掠过 impatiently skimmed；
立即回答 answered instantly；
开玩笑地责骂 jokingly scolded；
绝对安全 absolutely safe；
骄傲地咧嘴笑 grinned proudly；
体贴地放置 considerately placed；
焦急地等待 waited anxiously;
清楚地记得 clearly remembered；
呼吸沉重 breathed heavily;
紧握 squeeze tightly；
热情地帮助 warmly helped；
几乎晕倒 nearly fainted；
03形容词
浅浅的河流 shallow river；
柔和的声音 in a soft voice；
陌生的诊所 unfamiliar clinic；
我珍藏的戒指 my treasured rings；
惊人的 amazing；
退休的经理 a retired manager；
凯利感到一阵温暖的光辉 Kelly felt a warm glow；
彻底搜查了 made a thorough search of;
一条一动不动的蛇 a motionless snake；
频繁地拜访餐馆 frequent restaurant visits；
这对一个父亲来说是一个绝望、伤心和尴尬的处境。It was a desperate, heartbreaking and embarrassing situation for a father.
04好句
当威廉看到…时脸色苍白William’s face paled when he saw…
丽贝卡的脑子一片混乱，试图想出一种做某事的方法。
Rebecca’s mind raced, trying to think of a way to do sth.
她突然想到一个主意。An idea popped into her head.
一道奇怪的光充满了他的眼睛。A strange light filled his eyes.
柜台后面是一位老太太，她帮我找到了我祖父的唱片。
Behind the counter was an old woman, who helped me find my grandfather’s records.
我不知道这次旅行会是一次特别的旅行。
Little did I know that this trip was going to be a special one.
我哭了，担心车子抛锚了，我们就困在这里了。
I cried, fearing that the car had broken down and we’d stuck here.
好奇心驱使我问…。Curiosity drove me to ask….
我感到脸颊上的热气烧得通红。I felt the heat in my cheeks burning red.
如果不是我的粗心，这一切就不会发生了。（如果不是…，某人就不会做…）
Had it not been for my carelessness, all this would not have happened.(Had it not been for….., sb wouldn’t have done..)
一想到晚上独自一人，他就发抖。
The idea of being alone in the night made him tremble.
“要是我能找回那种好心情就好了，”她叹口气想。
“If only I could get that good feeling back,” she thought, sighing.
熟悉的泥土的气味升起来迎接她。Familiar smells of the earth rose up to greet her.
我记得我的第一次钓鱼之旅，仿佛就在昨天…。
I remember my first fishing tour, as if it were but yesterday….
那是初夏里静悄悄的，甜蜜的一天；路上午后的树荫很凉快；树叶比以前更绿了，花儿更鲜艳了，鸟儿比以前更快乐了。
It was still, sweet day of early summer; the long afternoon shadows of the trees lay cool across our path; the leaves seemed greener, the flowers brighter, the birds merrier, than ever before.
我克服了巨大而痛苦的失望，坐了下来。
Overcome with my great and bitter disappointment, I sat down.
几分钟焦急的搜寻结果是徒劳的。
Several minutes of anxious searching turned out to be in vain.
他们笑着跑回树林。Laughing, they raced back to the woods.
他颤抖着嘴唇，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来，回答说，“…”
With his lip shaking and a tear running down his cheek, he replied, “….”
他停了一会儿，仿佛在回忆中徘徊。
He paused for a while, as if wandering in his memory.
通过这次旅行，我发现，尽管我偶尔会对她生气，但我确实为她感到骄傲。
Through this trip, I discovered that, despite my occasional anger towards her, I actually felt proud of her.
听到这个坏消息，她感到一阵悲伤，忍不住痛哭起来。
On hearing the bad news she felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.
我怀着极大的悲伤和遗憾，坐在椅子上，为我不可饶恕的罪恶向上帝祈祷。
With great sorrow and regret, I just sat there rooted in my chair, praying to God for my unforgivable guilt. 高考英语短文改错口诀
为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。本文拟从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误。
短文改错口诀：
动词形，名词数；
注意形和副；
非谓动词细辨别；
习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析；
逻辑错误须关注。
一． 动词形
主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：
My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。
二． 名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：
…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)
三． 区分形和副
及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)
需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。
四． 非谓动词细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：
…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing)
My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)
上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。
五． 习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of)
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)
六． 句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：
They ∧eager to know everything about China and… (were)
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)
第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。
七． 逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)
First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)
… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone)
上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。
除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：
She was smiling but nodding at me. (and)
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (or)
We may be one family and live under a same roof. (the)
下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做，然后参阅题后的答案与简析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows，it’s famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain，the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain，we ed monkeys，visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案与简析：
76. famous前加上a.（名词数）
77. 正确
78. we前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析）
79. them→us （逻辑错误须关注）
80. visiting→visited（非谓动词细辨别）
81. picture→pictures（名词数）
82. passes→passed（动词形）
83. 去掉down（习惯用法要记住）
84. and→but（but，and，or和so）
85. 去掉at（句子成分多分析 / 习惯用法要记住）
改错要想拿高分
语法口诀要记牢
（一） 见到谓语找主语，主谓一致找状语
见到名词想多数，可不可数要记牢
见到平行看结构，形式功能要对称
见到代词找指代，指代通常不合理
带宾语必带to，不带宾语不带 to
小小of常抓的点，of前名词adj最高级
比较级不修饰比较级,最高级不修饰最高级
（二）谓与非谓经常混
谓语句中就一个
其余动词非谓语
常见形式有三种
v-ing ,v-ed和to do
主谓通常v-ing
动宾通常v-ed
现在分词表主动
过去分词表被动
目的要用不定式
by前有过去分词相拥
by后有动名词后抱
介词后跟动名词
时态基点要搞清
现在还是过去时
（三）规则是说谎 lie lied lied
不规则是躺 lie lay lain
躺过就下蛋 lay laid laid
高中英语：介词运用记忆口诀
早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。
将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。
有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。
特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。
介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，
收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、*、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。
特定时日和"一……就"，on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。
步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。
at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。
就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。
this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。
接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。
over、under正上下，above、below则不然，
若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。'
beyond超出、无、不能，against*着，对与反。
besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。
同类比较except，加for异类记心间。
原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词
under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。
before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。
before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。
since以来during间，since时态多变换。
与之相比beside，除了last but one。
复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。
ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。
in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。
早、午、晚要用in
　　例：in the morning 在早上
　　in the afternoon 在下午
　　in the evening 在晚上
　　in the day 在白天
　　at黎明、午、夜、点与分
　　例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候
　　at noon 在中午
　　at night 在夜间
　　at midnight 在午夜
　　以上短语都不用冠词
　　at six o'clock 在6点钟
　　at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半
　　at half past eleven 在11点半
　　at nine fifteen 在9点15分
　　at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分
　　也可以写成
　　seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)
　　five minutes after two 2点过5分
　　at a quarter to two 1点45分
　　at the weekend 在周末
年、月、年月、季节、周
　　即在"来年"，在"某月"，在"某年某月" (但在某年某月某
　　日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。
　　例；in 1986 在1986年
　　in 1927 在1927年
　　in April 在四月
　　in March 在三月
　　in December 1986 1986年12月
　　in July l983 1983年7月
　　in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季
　　in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
　　in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周
　　in the third week 在第三周
　　阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in，
　　即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。
　　例：Don't read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。
　　They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。
　　They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。
　　a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯
　　He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。
　　The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛．
以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下
　　a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人
　　the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女
　　in uniform 穿着制服
　　in mourning 穿着丧服
　　in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋
　　in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫
将来时态in...以后
　　例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。
　　I'll come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来。
　　We'll be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。
　　Come and see me in two days' time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始)
　　after... (从过去开始)
小处at大处in
　　例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don't worry. 李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。
　　I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。
　　I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市．
　　有形with无形by，语言 、单位、材料in
例：The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)
　　The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)
　　"Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy" is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是-出好戏。(无形)
　　The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法--无形)
　　I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed．我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)
　　I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)
　　The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system．公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用in )
　　The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)
　　This board was cast in bronze not in gold. 这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。
　　特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in
　　特征或状态：
　　例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。
　　They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。
　　He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。
　　Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。
　　The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。
　　The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。
Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣跟穿破了。
　　His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。
　　I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。
　　She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。
　　还有一些短语也用in，如：
　　in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地， in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。
　　His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱。
　　Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb. 今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落的。
　　She and her classmates are in flower ages. 她和她的同学都正值妙龄。
　　The compaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中。
　　方面：
　　例：we accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款。
They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。
　　The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain. 这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。
　　A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。
　　方式：
　　例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。
　　The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism. 党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。
　　如下成语惯用in
　　例如：in all 总计
　　in advance 事前
　　in the meantime 与此同时
　　in place 适当地
　　in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着.......希望
　　in connection with 和……有关
　　in contact with 和……联系
　　in addition to 除......以外
　　in case of 倘若，万一
　　in conflict with 和......冲突
　　in force 有效的，大批
　　in depth 彻底地
　　in regard to 关于
　　in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近
　　in retrospect 回顾，一想起
　　in behalf of 代表......利益
　　in the least 一点，丝毫
　　in alarm 惊慌、担心
　　in the opinion of 据……见解
　　in the long run 从长远说来
in one's opinion 在……看来
　　in word 口头上
　　in a word 总之
　　in vain 无益地, 白白地
　　in case 如果，万一，以防
　　in detail 详细地
　　in haste 急急忙忙地
　　in conclusion 总之
　　in spite of 尽管
　　in other words... 换句话说
　　in return 作为回报
　　in the name of 以......名义
　　be confident in 对......有信心
　　be interested in 对......感兴趣
　　in doubt 怀疑
　　in love 恋爱中
　　in debt 负债
　　in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地
　　in hesitation 犹豫不决
　　in wonder 在惊奇中
　　in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地)
in a good humour 心情(情绪)好
　　"介词at、to表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分"。
　　介词at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意；用to表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：
　　1. A．She came at me. 她向我扑过来。
　　B．She came to me. 她向我走过来。
　　2．A．Jake ran at John. 几 杰克向约翰扑过去。
　　B．Jake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去。
　　3．A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。
　　B. He rushed to the woman with a sword. 他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。
　　4．A．He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。
　　B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说
　　5．A．I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李。
　　B．I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话。
　　6．A. She talked at you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。
　　B．She talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢.
　　7．A．She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。
　　B．She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。
8．A．He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我。
　　B．He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪。
　　日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on。
例: on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日
　　on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日
　　on May the first 5月1日
　　on the first 1号
　　on the sixteenth 16号
　　on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日
on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚
　　on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)
　　on New Year's Day 在元旦
　　on my birthday 在我的生日
　　但 in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期; in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪; in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代，则用in，the present time 现在，at the present day当今则用at。
　　on May Day 在"五·一"节
　　on winter day 在冬天
　　on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日
　　on Sunday 在星期天
　　on Monday 在星期一
　　on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨
　　on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午
　　on Friday evening 星期五晚上
但last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上; on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。
　　年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in
　　例：on the morning of 18th 18日早晨
　　on the evening of 4th 4日晚上
　　On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。
　　收音、农场，值日on
　　例：Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night
　　您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗
　　I heard the news over (or on) the radio. 我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。
　　taIk over the radio 由无线电播音
　　on TV 从电视里......
　　hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到
　　My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。
　　The students are working on a school farm. 学生们正在校办农场劳动。
　　This is a farmer's house on a farm. 这是农场的农舍。
　　Who is on duty, tody 今天谁值日
　　We go on duty at 8 a.m. 我们上午8点钟上班。
关于、基础、*、著论
　　例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. 今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。
　　Professor Shen will give us a talk on travelling in America. 申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。
　　You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了。
　　The belief is based on practical experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。
　　Theory must be based on practice. 理论必须以实践为基础。
　　The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米。(*)
　　The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人*薪金生活。
　　You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month． *月薪100元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。
　　Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food． 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。
　　He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一个小偷，专*损害别人过日子。
　　Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 让水壶的水一直开着。
　　The enemy are on the run (=running). 敌人在逃跑。
　　on后接the加上一个作名词的动词．其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：
　　on the march在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl徘徊，on the move活动中，on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意, 警戒，on the watch监视着。on the hop趁不备抓住某人等等。
　　on the People's Democratic Dictatorship<<实践论>>和<<矛盾论>>
　　on the People's Democratic Dictatorship<<论人民民主专政>>
"on Coalition Government" <<论联合政府>>
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准
　　注：口诀中的"着"是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。
　　例：The house next to mine was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。
　　The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了。
　　Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale. 新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。
　　do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。
　　I've come here on business. 我是有公事来的。
　　They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。
　　They has been away on a long trip. 他们出去做一次长途旅行。
　　I'll go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家。
　　I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。
　　She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程来看你的。
　　He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。
　　This lunch is on me.
　　"No. let's go Dutch."
　　"这顿午饭我付钱。"
　　"不，还是各付各的。"
　　On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反，这事儿很容易理解。
　　P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来。
　　注：in time是"及时"的意思。
The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。
　　特定时间和"一……就"，左右on后动名词
　　例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)
　　On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。
　　On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。
　　I'll write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一……就)
　　以及on the left, right向左向右，on the stair在台阶上等。
　　步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage用in
　　例：On foot步行; on horse骑马; on donkey 骑驴。
　　He rode on, blood flowing from his side. 他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。
　　The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit. 为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。
　　Go on horse back! 骑马去！
　　You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢!
　　in cab和in carriage 不能用on或by cab或carrige。
　　at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心
　　即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at。
　　例：At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下，有我们30个同志。
There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。
　　At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball. 门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。
　　Who's standing there at the door 谁站在门口
　　I don't need the dictionary at present. 我现在还不需要这本词典。
　　He is at present in Washington. 他目前正在华盛顿。
　　The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. 火车每小时行驶50公里。
　　we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. 我们以最低的投资，最高的速度修建了该工厂。
　　at home 在国内，在家里
　　at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10度
　　at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10度
Water freezes at 0°centigrade. 水在镊氏零度结冰。
　　Water usually boils at 100°. 水通常在摄氏loo度沸赐。
　　at zero 在零度
　　at the rate of 45 miles an hour
　　at full speed 全速
　　at a good price 高价
　　at a low cost 低成本
　　at a great cost 花了很大代价
　　at that time 在当时
　　Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发在任何温度下都能发生。
at 1000RPM (revolution per minute) 每分钟1000转
　　at a high speed 高速
　　The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset. 战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。
　　at daybreak 日出时
　　The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party. 领导我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。
　　The atom has a nucleus at its core. 在原子的中心有一个原于核。
　　At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us. 这学期开始，我们的班主任老师对我们要求非常严格。
高中英语语法口诀
高中阶段的语法知识在现行的教材中分布得较分散、零碎，学生学起来颇感吃力，难以记牢。一般说来，学习语法知识的途径很多，但教学中常用的主要有如下二种：一是通过教师的讲解，对所学语法规则的概念、结构，用法有个确切的了解；二是通过大量的练习，在英语实践中正确、熟练地掌握语法规则的用法。仔细惦量这两种方法，其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西，即是“记忆”。记忆的方式、方法很多，诸如分类记忆法，直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法，特征记忆法等等。这里，笔者主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述。
一、词法
（一）巧记名词变复数的规则：
单数变为复数式，一般词尾加-s；
下列句词词尾后，要加-s先加-e。
发音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z]，或是某些辅音加-o时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意。
y前字母是辅音，一律变y为-ies.
遇到f和fe，有时需要变-ves.
少数名词不规则，特殊情况要强记。
说明：
1．名词变复数形式，一般在词尾加-s.
eg: bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens, ....
2．词尾发音为[f , t s, z]的名词（即以字母sh, ch, s, x结尾者）在变复数时，要在词尾加-es，eg: watch-watches, box-boxes, bus-buses,etc)
3．若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母，变为复数时，有些加-es，eg: hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, patato-patatoes, tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆：Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes（英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。简为二人吃二菜。）
但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s，eg: photo – photoes, piano –pianos等。
4．若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时，变为复数，首先把y变为i，再加-es, eg: family – families, city- cities, baby – babies等，但若词尾y前为元音字母时，则可直接加-s, eg: day-days, boy-boys等。
5．以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时，首先将f和fe变为v, 再加-es，我们也可用一句话来记，“狼（wolf）和小偷（thief）的妻子（wife）用小刀（knife）威胁书架(shelf)上的半片（half）叶子（leaf）的生命（life）。另外记住一些常见特殊词，eg: roof—roofs.
6. 有些名词的复数变化是不规则的，eg: man-men, woman-women, child-children, chinese- chinese, sheep-sheep等，平时多留心，稍微加以归纳，是不难发现其的特征的。
（二）定冠词
冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性，近五年复出率高达83.3%。因而掌握冠词，尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要。
请看下面的顺口溜，它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法：
特指、重提和唯一，岛屿，海峡和海湾；
海洋，党派最高级，沙漠，河流与群山；
方位、顺序和乐器，年代，团体与机关；
船名，建筑和组织，会议，条约与报刊；
姓氏复数，国全名，请你记住用定冠。
下面让我们再来“验证”这顺口溜吧。请仔细观察下面各句中定冠词的用法，不难发现它的“功效”与“真伪”了。
1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.
2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:00
3. The sun gives us heat and light.
4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.
5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.
6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being
7. She’s on the People’s Daily.
8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.
9. Who was the first to come
10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.
11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s
12. In 1864, Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time.
（三）非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免（enjoy, consider, escape, avoid）
停止，放弃太冒险（stop, give up , risk）
反对想象莫推延（mine, imagine, delay, put off）
要求完成是期望（require, finish, look forward to.）
建议继续勤*练（suggest, go on, practise）
不禁原谅要坚持（can’t help, excuse , insist on）
继续注意使成功（keep on, mind, succeed in）
（四）多个形容词并开修饰一个名词的问题
有两三个形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词。若有多个形容词修饰，可用下面这句话来判断、排列它们的顺序：县官行令杀国材。
其意思是：县（限）代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词，所有格，数字等。
官（观）代表表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg: fine beautiful interesting等。
行（形）代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词：eg: small tall, high, little, round等。
令代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词：eg: old, young等。
杀色（近似音）代表表示颜色的形容词：eg: white, black等。
国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词：eg: Englsih, American, moun tain等。
材代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，eg: wooden, silk, plastic, stone等。
请看下面的例子：a fine old stone bridge;
two big round new Chinese wooden tables;
his large new black foreign car.
（五）序数词中的特殊词：
记忆序数词中的特殊词时，可用顺口溜来记：
八去t，九减e, f来把ve替，若是遇上几十几，ie就把y来替。
即：eighth, ninth, fifth, twelfth, twentieth, thirtieth. . .
（六）一些动词
1. lie 的变化
记忆lie 的变化时，可用顺口溜来帮助记忆：
规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。
即：lie—lied—lied—lying(说谎)
lie—lay—lain—lying(躺，位于)
lay—laid—laid—laying(产卵，下蛋)
2．感官动词和使役动词：
记忆此项动词，可归纳于“五三二一”，即：
“五看”—see, watch, notice, observe, look at;
“二使”—let, make, have;
“三听”—hear, listen to;
“一觉”—feel.
3．“否定转移”的5个常用词：
我认为（think）猜想（suppose）与想象（imagine）都不可相信（believe），我期待（expect）等着你的回答。eg: I don’t think he’ll come tomorrow.
4．“同源宾语”的七个常用词
微笔（smile）着生话（live）歌唱（sing）着战斗（fight）死(die)也像睡觉（sleep）做梦（dream）一样甜蜜。
eg: Now we’re living a happy life and often dream good dreams.
5．巧记常用于“主语没有生命胜似有”之类句子谓语的七个动词：
如果看见(see)或发现(discover) Turn(音译：特恩)，一定要找到(find)他，并带（bring）他到这儿给（give）大伙展示（show）一下。
eg: Tomorrow’ll see the opening of the meeting.
Dusk found a little boy crying in the street.
二、句法
（一）巧学定语从句
由两个简单句合并成一个含定语从句的复句时，对于关系代词、关系副词的取舍是个难点。如下两句话，用起来倒方便，快捷：
代代代①，副代副②；
有介要用代③，无介关副代④。
说明：①是说用关系代词代替定语从句中的代词或名词。即将两个句子合并成定语从句时，在确定先行词后（在主句中），把另一个句子（定语从句）中的代词或名词用关系代词代替，紧跟在先行词之后即可。这里当然要记住，应把被代替的代词或名词去掉。
eg: The teacher is my brother.
He is teaching.
→The teacher who (代替代词he, 故也须将he去掉)is teaching is my brother.
②与①同理。即用关系副词代替定语从句中的副词（或作状语的介词短语）。这时的关系副词也照样紧跟在先行词之后。eg:
We visited the factory.
She worked in the factory last year.
→We visited the factory, Where (代替相当于副词作状语的介词词组in the factory) she worked last year.
③和④两句是指如果定语从句中有作状语的介词短语，保留介词就要用关系代词，或用关系副词代替整个介词短语。eg:
I still remember that day.
I joined the Party on that day.
→I still remember the day on which I joined the Party.
（二）变被动语态的方法。
被动语态的学习是中学阶段英语的一项重点内容，又是难点的语法项目，近几年的高考题里，年年都少不了有它的“足迹”或“影子”。关于被动词态的构成，可用下列口诀帮助记忆：
被动语态强调“宾”，用 be加上“过去分”。
“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
“行为对象”作主语，逻辑主语“by”来引。
原句若是双宾语，一变“主”来一保“宾”。
“间宾”要把主语变，原来“直宾”还是“宾”。
“直宾”要把主语变，“间宾”前加“to”最称心。
唯有原“宾”是“复合”，只有变宾要当心。
原句“宾补”变“主补”，位置不必挪寸分。
情态动词变“被动”，情态加be加过分。
如若“情态”后带to，变后有to才弄准。
“短语动词”变“被动”，相当“及物”莫疑心。
不过其后“介”或“副”，变后还得要承认。

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