资源简介

2024年中考英语逆袭冲刺名校模拟真题速递(重庆专用)
第四期
专题06 阅读理解之说明文15篇(名校模拟)
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·一模）Throughout China’s National Day holiday of 2023, about 50,000 tourists gathered daily in the fish village of Xunpu in Fujian. They dressed themselves in different kinds of costumes, ranging from horse-face skirts to Dai ethnic clothing, yet all of them wore colorful flowers.
The tradition of wearing flowers has been a part of Xunpu women’s lives since the Tang and Yuan dynasties. The locals believe that if you “put flowers in your hair in this life, and you’ll also be pretty in the after-life”.
▲ Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples (太阳穴). Teenagers, around the age of thirteen, decorate their round bun-like hair with fresh flowers. Middle-aged women usually style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻) with both flowers and gold hair decorations (装饰). When it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf, alongside red flowers and head decorations, is preferred. The tradition of flower-wearing among Xunpu women has been recognized as part of China’s intangible cultural heritage in 2008.
Even though the tradition in Xunpu is believed to come from foreign countries, the flower decoration culture has deep roots in China. The earliest record can be found in the Record on Travel to Nanyue (南越行纪) by Lu Jia from the Han Dynasty, which mentioned women in the state of Nanyue used to adorn themselves with threaded jasmine (茉莉花).
In addition to its decoration purpose, flower decoration carries a deeper meaning of blessing. During the Han dynasty, people, including men, wore cornels (山茱萸) as a means to get rid of bad spirits and wish for long life during the Double Ninth Festival, a tradition Chinese festival that celebrates the elders.
The culture to wear flowers changes with historical development, the flower-wearing traditions of Xunpu women have remained to the present day, symbolizing Xunpu women’s hopes for a better life.
1．What does the word “adorn” mean in Paragraph 4
A．喜爱 B．装扮 C．描绘 D．馈赠
2．Which sentence can be put into ▲
A．How to wear flowers is different according to the wearer’s age.
B．However, the custom of men wearing flowers did not last long.
C．Competitions for women in designing flower hairstyles are popular.
D．Xunpu locals traditionally send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers.
3．Who wears flowers properly according to the passage
A．Lily, 8 years old, decorates her round bun-like hair with fresh flowers.
B．Jenny, 15 years old, wears flowers on both sides of their temples.
C．Anna, 30 years old, decorates her spiral bun with flowers.
D．Amy, 65 years old, wears red headscarf with golden flowers.
4．What can you infer from the passage
A．Both men and women could wear flowers in the past.
B．Xunpu women may keep the tradition of wearing flowers in the future.
C．Xunpu is the first place to have the tradition of flower decoration.
D．The earliest record of flower decoration can date back to Tang dynasty.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）①We often see space exploration (探索) updates in the news nowadays. This is great for those who want a future like in science fiction movies. On the other hand, some believe space exploration is not necessary because there are a few reasonable disadvantages to it. So, read further to see what the space exploration advantages and disadvantages are.
②It’s true that space exploration technologies are costly and consume many resources (资源). Only sending space exploration satellites (卫星) to space costs at least $40 million each time and can go for as much as $400 million. Analyzing some space exploration facts, we realize that space exploring costs a lot. While the UN says $30 billion could end world hunger, NASA is being offered a lot every year. And this is a good argument for those who are against space exploration.
③While space exploration is highly important for learning about who we are, some are worried about what it can do to humanity. Countries can use their satellites to collect information about other countries they’re fighting against. And this can lead to a worse situation between countries and even wars.
④Another problem that space exploration brings is that it causes a great danger for astronauts. NASA mentions in an article how damaging cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) is for the human body because it can damage the nervous system both badly and in the long run. Besides, cosmic radiation sickness causes extreme tiredness, sickness, anorexia, and vomiting. From this point of view, space exploration does put our astronauts at great risks. However, preventive measures (预防措施) are taken, and their health is kept in check through intensive training and daily checkups.
⑤Although all the observations mentioned above make great points, space exploration still has more benefits than bad influence. Thanks to space exploration, our technologies have developed a lot. Moreover, by exploring space, we can discover new resources that we could use to better our lives here on the earth. And another thing is certain as well: we couldn’t build a better future for our children without space exploration.
5．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To advise NASA to spend less money.
B．To raise more money for space exploration.
C．To show space exploration is highly important.
D．To show the disadvantage of space exploration.
6．What does “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The use of satellites for collecting information.
B．The high cost of space exploration technologies.
C．The space exploration technologies and progress.
D．The importance of space exploration technologies.
7．Which idea would the writer most probably agree with according to the passage
A．Space exploration may waste too much money.
B．Space exploration may help countries win the wars.
C．Space exploration may solve world hunger problems.
D．Space exploration may lead to new discoveries in science.
8．Which of the following picture shows the structure of this passage
A． B． C． D．
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）When you read, will you meet any words you don’t know How will you deal with that To be a good English learner, finding out the word’s meaning after reading is greatly needed. But how to use the dictionary Here is some advice.
English dictionaries usually list words in alphabetical (字母的) order.
Search from the first letter to the next until you truly find the word. Example: stand /st nd/ n ①an opinion on something e.g. She was punished for her strong stand on computer games. ②a strong effort to protect yourself e.g. We must make a stand against job losses. ③a place where things are sold e.g. We can buy some fruit and vegetables at a stand. ④a place where taxis and buses park e.g. We can park taxis at the stand.
After finding this word, look for the pronunciation of the word and read its meaning
Usually a word has different meanings. You should tell which one you truly want
After you know the word’s meaning, don’t forget to learn how to use the word from example sentences. At the same time, try to use this word to make more sentences. And you’ll find it helps to improve your English.
9．If you want to know the meaning of “stand”, you should search the letter “________” first in the dictionary.
A．S B．T C．A D．N
10．The underlined word “stand” in the following sentence means ________ in the example. e.g. If you are free, please go to the fruit stand and buy some fruit back.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
11．What does the writer think of the way to improve English through dictionaries
A．Difficult. B．Helpful. C．Comfortable. D．Tiring.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）
12．How long do teenagers need to sleep every day
A．For 14-17 hours. B．For 8-10 hours. C．For 7-9 hours. D．For 7-8 hours.
13．What time may people feel the sleepiest in a day
A．At 12:00. B．At 13:00. C．At 14:00. D．At 15:00.
14．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．Suggestions. B．Facts. C．Problems. D．Advantages.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）Taihu Tunnel, 10.79 kilometres long and 43.6 metres wide, has been the longest underwater tunnel in China. It stands out as one of the “2022 China’s Top 100 Buildings in the New Era”.
When building Taihu Tunnel, the project team faced many challenges, such as high safety risks and time limit. To deal with them, they made workable plans. They divided the tunnel construction into 19 parts. The construction of each part mainly took four steps.
Step 1 Remove. The team built a cofferdam to remove water from the area, so the workers could go inside and do their work in dry conditions.
Step 2 Clear. The team dug deep into the lake bed, and cleared the soil and stones out in order to make space for the next step.
Step 3 Build. The team built the floor, walls and roof of the tunnel in this step. They used high-quality building materials to waterproof (防水) the tunnel.
Step 4 Backfill. The team put the soil and stones back. Then this part of the tunnel was covered with the lake bed.
The construction of the 19 parts was streamlined. The project team used a new method. The work group of each step moved to the next part and repeated their work after they finished the work in the previous part. Different work groups cooperated well with each other. From part to part, the construction started from the opposite ends, and got connected somewhere in the middle. The construction took about four years to complete, shorter than people had expected.
The drivers’ safety is fully considered in Taihu Tunnel. There are 200,000 LED lights on the ceiling of the tunnel. They show lively pictures of blue sky, starry night and so on. The pictures can help drivers fight tiredness and travel through the tunnel safely. Besides, there are two systems in the tunnel. The police can check the traffic situation through a monitoring (监察) system. If traffic accidents happen, the police can give instructions and warn drivers in the tunnel over an audio (音响) system to prevent further accidents.
The construction of Taihu Tunnel shows great value in engineering and the tunnel brings much convenience to people living nearby.
15．Which picture shows how a “cofferdam” works
A． B．
C． D．
16．What can we know about the construction of Taihu Tunnel
A．It was divided into four parts. B．It took more time than people had expected. C．It started from the middle of the lake. D．It was completed by using a streamlined method.
17．What can we learn from Paragraph 8
A．Pictures in the tunnel can help keep drivers safe.
B．The police can warn drivers through a monitoring system.
C．Drivers can control the LED lights in the tunnel.
D．An audio system can help drivers check the traffic situation.
18．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Protection of Taihu Tunnel. B．The Construction of Taihu Tunnel.
C．The Advantages Brought by Taihu Tunnel. D．The Difficulties of Constructing Taihu Tunnel.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）Known as “soft gold”, Gambiered Canton gauze (香云纱) is the only silk fabric (织物) that’s still hand-dyed (手染的) using natural plants in the world today.
The skill has a history of more than 500 years. In 2008, it was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage (国家非物质文化遗产). Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong. The man started learning the skills in 2017.
The dyeing process includes 30 steps. It can take up to six months and is done by hand with materials from nature. “The plant shuliang (薯莨), river mud, sunshine, and grass are all important in dyeing,” Ouyang told China Daily.
To dye the fabric, workers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry on the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brownish-yellow. Then, they put river mud on it to help shuliang react (起反应) fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black!
Mastering the skills is difficult, according to Ouyang, who put full effort into controlling the density (浓度) of shuliang juice. “Too much may cause color loss, and too little may not lead to a dark enough fabric,” he said. “Better control of the density comes after many failures.”
Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day. Only a few people work in the industry (行业), and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.
Considering this, Ouyang works harder to develop the traditional craft. He has got together other dyeing skills such as tie-dyeing (扎染法) and batik (蜡染) and has worked with famous fashion designers. They turn the silk into both traditional and fashionable clothes that are popular worldwide. He thinks this can help make the craft stay alive and draw people to the industry.
19．Which of the following is the right order of dyeing Gambiered Canton gauze
①Repeat many times until the fabric turns brownish-yellow. ②Dry the fabric on the grass.
③Put the fabric in shuliang juice. ④Put river mud on the fabric to help shuliang react fully.
A．④②①③ B．①④③② C．②④③① D．③②①④
20．Which sentence can the underlined word “inheritor” in Paragraph 2 be put in
A．That company offers good value and service to every ________.
B．Every teenager should be a(n) ________ of our Chinese culture to pass it down.
C．Finally, Maria became the ________ of the singing competition.
D．Bell, the ________ of the telephone, made the first call.
21．Which of the following sentences can best conclude Paragraph 6
A．The job is difficult but popular. B．Some artists are coming to help the workers.
C．Passing down the skills is challenging. D．The job seems to become easier than before.
22．What can we infer from the passage
A．Water is important in the color during dyeing.
B．Ouyang only fails a few times before he controls the density better.
C．There are no people taking part in this industry.
D．The dyeing process needs great patience, excellent skills and hard work.
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）Nowadays, being famous and successful is changing quickly. Social media has become a new way for young people to become known as online influencers (网红). A recent survey showed that children would rather be online influencers than astronauts.
But is being an online influencer a good job The lifestyles we see on social medias seem enticing, but under the shining appearance lie problems like not having a certain pay, the control of algorithms (算法), physical and mental health problems. Let’s take a deeper look into it.
Successful influencers may tell you that anyone can succeed in this industry. However, an expert says “There’s a huge income gap between successful influencers and everyone else. For most people who want to become an influencer, the creative work they love to do usually ends up being unpaid work for companies.”
________ Influencers are often controlled by computer programs called algorithms. They decide which post is shown to users and in what order. Social media platforms (平台) don’t share much information about these algorithms, but they are the one to decide who and what becomes popular on social media. This lasting fear of not being seen makes influencers feel uncertain. They are always under pressure to create new content for these platforms. If they don’t, the algorithm might “punish” them by hiding their posts or making them less visible in search results.
Always being online is a big problem for influencers because it can cause mental health problems. They have to work and talk to their fans at any time of a day or night. In addition, they are scared of being judged online, which leads to mental and physical health.
Even though being an influencer seems attractive to many people, the challenges and downsides of the job are usually hidden and not easy to see to the outside world.
23．What does the underlined word “enticing” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Challenging. B．Similar. C．Amazing. D．Traditional.
24．Which sentence can be put in ________
A．As we know, there are other possible huge risks for being an influencer online.
B．Also, the power of algorithms is strong enough to shape influencers’ popularity.
C．Without doubt, algorithms is a powerful technology to lead us into the future.
D．Influencers are surely more creative and better at many things than algorithms.
25．What can we infer from this passage
A．Most of the influencers have sleep problems in their lives.
B．Children are not encouraged to be influencers by the writer.
C．Social media platforms go out of their way to help influencers.
D．Successful influencers think it’s easy to succeed in this industry.
26．The passage is written in a ________ tone (语气).
A．serious B．happy C．surprising D．funny
（23-24九年级下·重庆沙坪坝·阶段练习）In China, the year 2024 is known as long nian in the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. Over a long period of time, it has been called the Year of the Dragon in English. But actually, there are a lot of differences between the Chinese long and the Western dragon.
The Chinese long is made up of parts of some gentle animals, such as a rabbit’s eyes and an ox’s ears. In Chinese mythology, long is able to fly. In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.
However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat. What’s more, you will find most of the Western dragons in dark colors because they usually stand for evil (邪恶). As a result, normally at the end of the stories, the evil dragon will be beaten by the superheroes.
What makes such differences In fact, they have something to do with the cultural differences. In Chinese Confucian (儒家的) ideas, kindness and harmony (和谐) are very important. It is our duty to help each other and live a peaceful life. Western culture, on the other hand, prefers individual heroism (个人英雄主义). Whenever something terrible happens, there will be a superhero who is brave enough to stand out, fight against the enemy on his own, and, of course, save the whole world.
In recent years, Chinese have tried to translate long in another way. For example, Zhejiang’s Loong Air has already written long as Loong. One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters “oo” in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.
Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.
Wish you and your family the best in the Year of Loong!
27．Which of the following is the picture of a Western dragon
A． B． C． D．
28．According to the Chinese Confucian ideas, what might be the reason for long to spray water
A．To fight against the evil dragon. B．To help the farmers in the dry weather.
C．To show its power and ability. D．To make itself the superhero in this world.
29．What makes Loong the new translation of the Chinese character long
①its pronunciation ②its spelling
③its historical background ④its cultural meaning
A．①② B．③④ C．①③ D．②④
30．In which part of a magazine may we find this passage
A．Healthy Life. B．Creative Art. C．Amazing Animals. D．Colorful Culture.
（2024·重庆大渡口·一模）It’s known that green tea is a symbol of Chinese culture. Also, it helps to improve health in so many ways that some people think of it as a kind of medicine. Perhaps that is why the Chinese have been using it for more than 4, 000 years to treat all kinds of medical problems. Today, scientists know that there are catechin, caffeine, vitamin C and theanine in green tea that are good for health.
Catechin is helpful for lowering (降低) cancer (癌症) risk. It protects the body from cancer-causing substances (物质) and slows the growth of cancer. Besides fighting cancer, catechin prevents serious health problems like heart disease.
Caffeine causes the heart to beat faster. That’s why it was once thought that caffeine was not very healthy, but studies suggest that there are also good reasons for drinking caffeine. Specifically, caffeine has to do with a lower risk for Parkinson’s disease and liver (肝脏) disease. Yet, caffeine also has some weaknesses. It can influence sleep and make people nervous, so experts advise teenagers not to have more than 100 ml of caffeine a day. This is about the caffeine of a small cup of coffee.
Vitamin C is something that the human body cannot make enough by itself. So we have to get it through food and drink. The vitamin may play a role in improving physical conditions to colds and the flu. Also, it helps people to get well more quickly from those illnesses.
Theanine is another healthy substance found in tea. It has been shown to lower stress, both mental and physical, and increase mind abilities. It is also used for preventing some brain diseases.
As you can see, green tea has many good values. Drinking it may help you stay healthy. Of course, as with any healthy substance, it is important to check if there are any bad influence as well.
31．Why have the Chinese been using tea for over 4, 000 years according to the passage
A．Because it’s delicious for us to drink.
B．Because it helps to deal with illnesses.
C．Because it’s a symbol of Chinese culture.
D．Because it’s made into different drinks.
32．Why is caffeine in green tea good for our health
A．It lowers cancer risk.
B．It makes the heart to beat faster.
C．It lowers liver disease risk.
D．It makes people less stressed.
33．What does the writer mainly want to tell us
A．Tea can take the place of medicine.
B．We should drink as much tea as possible.
C．Tea has some bad influence on our health.
D．Drinking tea may help people to stay in health.
34．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
（2024·重庆大渡口·一模）Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, stars, nature, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
35．What is the Wukong satellite used for
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
36．The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
37．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
38．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
（23-24九年级上·重庆永川·期末）①Technology has brought ancient poets “back to life”. At the World Robot Conference 2023 in late August in Beijing, there were two robots that looked like the Chinese poets Li Bai and Du Fu. While Li Bai was holding up a cup of wine, Du Fu was sitting at a desk writing.
②These are called bionic (仿生的) robots. The robot's skin is usually made of silicone(硅胶)，The robot's skin is very soft. You can even see veins (血管) under the skin.
③Another human-like robot also attracted attention recently. It was created by US company Apptronik. Named Apollo, the robot’s head has cameras and sensors (传感器) inside.
④ The sensors can help the robot make simple movements, such as walking and waving (挥手). They also help the robot keep balance when walking on unstable (不稳定的) surfaces.
⑤The robot also has cameras inside to help it map out a 360-degree view (景象) of its environment.
⑥Nowadays, Bionic human-like robots can “strike a chord (引起共鸣) with people,” a US robotics scientist Marc Raibert told New Yorker. They mostly work with humans, as tour guides or by helping visitors at front desks. There are also robots that share the work of nurses, such as handing out medicine. This could be because people are comfortable living and working with machines that look and act like them.
⑦Technology has brought us great changes. As more human-like robots come out, safety will be the key according to the Robot Report website. When a 70-kilogram robot breaks down and falls, humans nearby may get hurt.
39．When was the World Robot Conference 2023 held in Beijing
A．In early August. B．In early September. C．In late August. D．In late September.
40．What can Apollo do with built-in sensors from the passage
A．Listen better. B．Walk on unstable surfaces. C．Know your feelings. D．Smile at humans.
41．According to the Robot Report website, for human-like robots what do people worry about
A．The human-like robots may talk with humans.
B．The human-like robots look scary.
C．The human-like robots may cause some problems.
D．The human-like robots may show their emotions.
42．What is the structure of the passage
A．①/ ②③④/ ⑤⑥/ ⑦ B．①/ ②/ ③④⑤/ ⑥⑦ C．①②/ ③④⑤/ ⑥/ ⑦ D．①②/ ③④/ ⑤/ ⑥⑦
（23-24九年级上·重庆永川·期末）Becoming successful is never easy. After people set their goals, most of them will pay attention at the beginning and they will also long for the success. Also, most people can remember and keep their goal in mind for a certain time. During that time, they can make good plans and do things more carefully.
But when people are nearly at the end, some aren’t as careful as before. They start to relax. They may forget their plans or not pay much attention to the details (细节). In this way, they will be far away from their goals and even fail in the last steps.
Laozi’s understanding of success is similar to the Chinese saying “Half of the people who have embarked on a one-hundred-mile journey may fall by the wayside (行百里者半九十)”. Even if people have traveled 90 miles, that’s the same as only walking half the way. So it tells us to be careful at all stages (阶段), and never forget our goal.
43．From the passage, we know _________ is never easy.
A．setting goals B．forgetting goals
C．becoming successful D．travelling 90 miles
44．If we want to become successful, we should be careful at _________ stage(s).
A．all B．the first C．the middle D．the last
45．What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “long for”
A．Realize B．Wish for C．Run after D．Imagine
46．What can we learn from the passage
A．To become successful, we should start to relax nearly at the end.
B．To become successful, we should only walk half the way.
C．To become successful, we should keep trying all the time.
D．To become successful, we should just pay attention to the goals at the beginning.
（23-24九年级上·重庆铜梁·期末）Building a country is never easy. It takes hard work from generation (一代人) to generation. But how to make it disappear A new report said long time of climate(气候) change can do that.
The report said Tuvalu (图瓦卢) will be the first country to be completely lost due to climate change.
Tuvalu is a Pacific island nation with nine islands and 12,000 people. It has long been at risk from rising sea levels. By the end of the century, it is believed that all the islands will be underwater, reported Reuters. So many people in Tuvalu have often moved around the country and even to other countries.
To help with the problem, the country plans to build its country in the virtual space (虚拟空间). This news made many people in Tuvalu excited. The virtual country will recreate the same scene and keep its cultural and historical records. No matter where they live in the real world, the people in this country will have their ID cards and “live” in its online cities and villages. The government hopes to manage and serve them in this virtual space.
“Though the virtual nation belongs to Tuvalu, it still brings some problems.” said Li Zuxi, director of virtual space lab of Qingbo Intelligent Technology, He gave us an example. If people from other countries enter the space of the virtual country but just show their names, how do people know if they do or do not truly belong to that country
Li added that instead of trying our best to build virtual nations, it’s better to pay attention to saving the real world now.
47．Tuvalu will disappear because of ________.
A．climate change B．virtual space C．other countries D．the Pacific
48．In the virtual space, the people can’t ________.
A．have their ID cards B．“live” in its online cities and villages
C．keep their own culture D．know who truly belongs to that country
49．According to the passage, the writer ________.
A．agree to create virtual country B．disagree to create virtual country
C．is a worker of virtual space lab D．is a person in Tuvalu
50．The structure of the passage may be ________.
A．①/②③/④⑤⑥ B．①②/③④/⑤⑥ C．①②③/④⑤/⑥ D．①/②③④/⑤⑥
（23-24九年级上·重庆铜梁·期末）
Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life While many Chinese people speak putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.
This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.
Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his worries of the disappearing of dialects. “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.
Why is it important to protect the dialect culture According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said.
▲ A big national hard work has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, the expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
51．The Chinese government started the project ________.
A．to public the dialects B．to cancel the dialects
C．to copy the dialects D．to save the dialects
52．There are ________ dialects in the largest language resource library.
A．103 B．1712 C．5 million D．5.6 million
53．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲
A．How did China protect these dialects culture
B．Who started the project to protect dialects culture
C．How many speakers did take part in this project
D．Where was the the largest dialect library built
54．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．China made a survey to look at how people talked in 1,712 places.
B．China has done a lot of hard work to protect the dialect culture.
C．Many universities and research groups joined in the project.
D．Many young people in the Wu dialect areas can’t say their dialect.
（23-24九年级上·重庆沙坪坝·期末）Americans spend billions of dollars each year trying to change their weight. Just having an eating health care costs nearly $2,000 per person in the US. Why are so many people trying their best to look “perfect”
One reason is that society rewards (奖励) people who are thin and healthy-looking. Researches have shown that a good body shape has something to do with wages (工资), especially for women. That means how much you’re paid every month partly depends on how your boss considers your body shape.
Besides, women always care more about their weight than men. They always think they’re heavier than they actually are.
However, trying to live up to the pictures of “perfect” has a dark side: worry, depression (抑郁) and unhealthy ways to lose weight.
Tom Quinn, a director of external affairs, says people who aren’t satisfied with their body shape might develop an eating disorder. “This is only one of many illnesses that it can lead to.” he says.
So how can we start to deal with a problem that is deeply rooted in our society State of Michigan has done something to stop this kind of discrimination (歧视) on body shape. Michigan changed laws—whoever treats others less fairly just because of their body shape would be punished.
I believe more actions will be taken to protect our rights. Hope people always put their health first and get rid of the misunderstanding of having a “perfect” body shape.
55．According to the passage, what can we learn about “trying to have a perfect body shape”
A．It has some bad influence on our health. B．It’s not very common in the US.
C．It’s the best way to get higher wages. D．It doesn’t cost plenty of money.
56．What can we infer from the passage
A．A good body shape has nothing to do with men’s wages in the workplace.
B．Women care more about whether they have a good body shape than men do.
C．Fewer and fewer people might be treated unfairly for their imperfect body shape.
D．Most of the people who have a perfect body shape can get another $2,000 every month.
57．What’s the purpose of writing this passage
A．To show people the importance of having a good body shape.
B．To tell people the way to get higher wages in their workplace.
C．To warn bosses not to treat others unfairly for their imperfect body shape.
D．To make people less worried about body shape and protect themselves.
58．Which of the following words can be used to show the structure of the passage
A．①High wages; ②Wishes; ③Actions; B．①Body shape; ②Suggestions; ③Wishes;
C．①High wages; ②Problems; ③Suggestions; D．①Body shape; ②Problems; ③Actions;
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文主要介绍蟳埔渔村妇女佩戴鲜花的传统。
1．词句猜测题。根据“The earliest record can be found in the Record on Travel to Nanyue (南越行纪) by Lu Jia from the Han Dynasty, which mentioned women in the state of Nanyue used to adorn themselves with threaded jasmine (茉莉花).”可知，书中提到南越国的妇女用丝线的茉莉花来装扮自己，此处adorn的意思是“装扮”，故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples (太阳穴). Teenagers, around the age of thirteen, decorate their round bun-like hair with fresh flowers. Middle-aged women usually style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻) with both flowers and gold hair decorations (装饰). When it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf, alongside red flowers and head decorations, is preferred.”可知，介绍不同年龄佩戴鲜花的方式，选项A“佩戴鲜花的方式根据佩戴者的年龄而不同”符合语境，故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据“Middle-aged women usually style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻) with both flowers and gold hair decorations (装饰).”可知，中年妇女通常把头发扎成一个螺旋发髻，上面有花和金色的发饰。选项C“30岁的安娜用鲜花装饰着她的螺旋发髻”表述正确，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“the flower-wearing traditions of Xunpu women have remained to the present day, symbolizing Xunpu women’s hopes for a better life”可知，蟳埔妇女穿花的传统一直保留至今，象征着蟳埔妇女对美好生活的希望，由此推测蟳埔妇女今后可能会保留佩戴鲜花的传统。故选B。
5．D 6．A 7．D 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讨论了太空探索的利弊，尽管存在一些负面影响，但太空探索对人类的未来也有重要意义。
5．主旨大意题。根据“It’s true that space exploration technologies are costly and consume many resources (资源).”可知，第二段强调太空探索的缺点。故选D。
6．词义猜测题。根据“Countries can use their satellites to collect information about other countries they’re fighting against. And this can lead to a worse situation between countries and even wars.”可知，各国可以利用自己的卫星收集与之对抗的其他国家的信息。这可能会导致国家之间的局势恶化，甚至引发战争。“this”指代上文提到的“利用卫星收集信息”。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“Moreover, by exploring space, we can discover new resources that we could use to better our lives here on the earth.”可知，通过探索太空，我们可以发现新的资源，可以用来改善我们在地球上的生活。故选D。
8．篇章结构题。分析文章可知，文章首先概述了太空探索在当今新闻中的常见性以及人们对太空探索的不同看法（①段）；接着，文章分析了太空探索的缺点，包括高昂的成本、对资源的消耗、可能导致的国际冲突以及对宇航员构成的危险（②至④段）。最后，文章强调了太空探索的益处，如推动技术发展、发现新资源以及为孩子们构建更好的未来（⑤段）。故选C。
9．A 10．C 11．B
【导语】本文介绍了如何使用英语词典查找和理解生词的方法，包括查找单词、查看发音和含义，以及通过例句学习用法，帮助提高英语水平。
9．细节理解题。根据“Search from the first letter to the next until you truly find the word.”可知，从第一个字母搜索到下一个字母，直到你真正找到单词。因此想要知道“stand”的意思，需要先搜索第一个字母——S。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据“If you are free, please go to the fruit stand and buy some fruit back.”可知，去水果摊买水果，stand的意思是“摊位”，与③“卖东西的地方”意思相符。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据“And you’ll find it helps to improve your English.”可知，词典有助于提高你的英语水平。故选B。
12．B 13．C 14．B
【导语】本文主要介绍关于睡眠的五个事实。
12．细节理解题。根据“Teenagers: 8-10”可知，青少年应该睡8到10小时，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Tiredness usually peaks twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m.”可知，疲劳通常在一天中达到高峰，分别是凌晨2点和下午2点。结合选项，人们一天中下午2点最困，故选C。
14．推理判断题。本文主要介绍关于睡眠的五个事实，选项B“Facts事实”适合填到标题空处，故选B。
15．D 16．D 17．A 18．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了太湖隧道的建造。
15．推理判断题。根据“The team built a cofferdam to remove water from the area, so the workers could go inside and do their work in dry conditions.”可知，该团队建造了一个“cofferdam”来清除该地区的水，所以它是用来清除水的，选项D符合。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“The construction of the 19 parts was streamlined...The construction took about four years to complete, shorter than people had expected”可知，太湖隧道采用流线法施工完成。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“The pictures can help drivers fight tiredness and travel through the tunnel safely.”可知这些图片可以帮助司机克服疲劳，安全地通过隧道。故选A。
18．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了太湖隧道的建造。故选B。
19．D 20．B 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国非物质文化遗产“香云纱”的制作工艺以及传承。
19．细节理解题。根据“To dye the fabric, workers put it in shuliang juice and let it dry on the grass. They repeat this many times until it turns brownish-yellow. Then, they put river mud on it to help shuliang react (起反应) fully. After washing and drying it again, the fabric turns black”可知，工人们把它放在薯莨汁里，让它在草地上晾干，重复这个过程很多次，直到它变成棕黄色，然后把河泥放在上面，以帮助 薯莨充分反应。再次洗涤和干燥后，织物变黑了，D选项的顺序符合，故选D。
20．词义猜测题。根据“Ouyang Yongze is an inheritor of the dyeing skills from Guangdong”可知，欧阳永泽是广东染法的传承人，所以inheritor表示“传承人”，这个单词在B选项的意思也是相同的，故选B。
21．推理判断题。根据“Only a few people work in the industry (行业), and skilled masters are getting older as fewer young people take part.”可知，只有少数人在这个行业工作，随着年轻人的减少，熟练的大师正在变老，也就是说将这种技能传递下去是一种挑战，故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据“The dyeing process includes 30 steps.…Mastering the skills is difficult…Also, the job can be really tiring as workers have to be at work in the sun for 8 hours each day”可知，染色过程包括30个步骤，掌握这项技能很困难，这项工作也很无聊，由此可推断，染色过程需要极大的耐心、高超的技艺和辛勤的劳动，故选D。
23．C 24．B 25．B 26．A
【导语】本文介绍了成为网红这一职业的吸引力和挑战，包括收入差距、算法控制下的不确定性、以及持续在线导致的心理健康问题等。虽然成为网红看似吸引人，但其背后的挑战和不利因素通常被外界所忽视。
23．词义猜测题。根据“The lifestyles we see on social medias seem enticing, but under the shining appearance lie problems like not having a certain pay, the control of algorithms (算法), physical and mental health problems.”可知，我们在社交媒体上看到的生活方式似乎很诱人，但在光鲜的外表下隐藏着一些问题，划线词与Amazing意思相近。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据“Influencers are often controlled by computer programs called algorithms.”可知，网红通常由称为算法的计算机程序控制，选项B “此外，算法的力量足以塑造网红的受欢迎程度。”符合语境。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“Always being online is a big problem for influencers because it can cause mental health problems. They have to work and talk to their fans at any time of a day or night.”可知，总是上网对网红来说是个大问题，因为这会导致心理健康问题。他们必须在白天或晚上的任何时候工作并与粉丝交谈。因此作者不鼓励孩子成为网红。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据“Even though being an influencer seems attractive to many people, the challenges and downsides of the job are usually hidden and not easy to see to the outside world.”可知，尽管对很多人来说，成为网红似乎很有吸引力，但这份工作的挑战和缺点通常是隐藏的，不容易被外界看到。因此作者是以严肃的语气在写这篇文章。故选A。
27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义，包括外形、能力和文化背景的差异，并提到中国人尝试新的翻译方式来更好地传达龙的文化内涵。
27．细节理解题。根据“However, in Western culture, a dragon breathes fire and has the body of a snake and big wings of a bat.”可知，在西方文化中，龙会喷火，身体像蛇，翅膀像蝙蝠。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据“In addition, it can also spray (喷洒) water from its mouth to create rain.”可知，龙还可以从嘴里喷水来制造雨水，雨水是为了在干旱的天气里帮助农民。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“One of the reasons is that Loong sounds the same as the Chinese character long. Besides, the letters ‘oo’ in the word Loong look like the two big eyes of the animal, which makes it easier to memorize this word.”可知，Loong的发音与中文“龙”相同；Loong中的字母“oo”看起来像动物的两只大眼睛。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“Anyway, no matter how long is translated, there is one thing for sure: the Chinese long is different from the Western dragon, and it is a symbol of good luck.”可知，本文介绍了中西方文化中“龙”的不同形象和象征意义，因此会在杂志的“丰富多彩的文化”部分看到这篇文章。故选D。
31．B 32．C 33．D 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了绿茶中含有的成分以及对身体的好处。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Also, it helps to improve health in so many ways that some people think of it as a kind of medicine. Perhaps that is why the Chinese have been using it for more than 4, 000 years to treat all kinds of medical problems.”可知，中国人4000多年来一直用茶因为它有助于治疗疾病。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Specifically, caffeine has to do with a lower risk for Parkinson’s disease and liver (肝脏) disease.”可知，绿茶中的咖啡因可以降低肝病的风险。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Today, scientists know that there are catechin, caffeine, vitamin C and theanine in green tea that are good for health.”并通读全文可知，作者想告诉我们喝茶可能会帮助人们保持健康。故选D。
34．篇章结构题。总览全文可知，第一段主要介绍了绿茶中的成分；第二段到第五段分别介绍了各种成分的好处；最后一段总结，因此判断本文的结构如选项D所示。故选D。
35．C 36．B 37．A 38．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国航天项目名字的由来。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.”可知，“悟空”卫星就像孙悟空一样眼尖，帮助科学家在太空中寻找暗物质。故选C。
36．词义猜测题。根据第三段“this is the home of Tian Di”可知，“天帝的家”出处是中国神话，所以myths是“神话”的意思。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第四段“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan.”可知，中国火星任务的名字来自屈原的诗《天问》。故选A。
38．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen... Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from ”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国航天项目名字的由来。故选A。
39．C 40．B 41．C 42．C
【导语】本文主要讲了仿生机器人的特点及用途，以及它的不足之处。
39．细节理解题。根据“At the World Robot Conference 2023 in late August in Beijing”可知，世界机器人大会时间是2023年8月底，故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“The sensors can help the robot make simple movements, such as walking and waving (挥手). They also help the robot keep balance when walking on unstable (不稳定的) surfaces.”可知，传感器可以帮助机器人做出简单的动作，比如走路和挥手。它们还可以帮助机器人在不稳定的表面上行走时保持平衡。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据“As more human-like robots come out, safety will be the key according to the Robot Report website. When a 70-kilogram robot breaks down and falls, humans nearby may get hurt.”可知，据机器人报告网站称，随着越来越多的人形机器人问世，安全将是关键。当一个70公斤重的机器人发生故障并摔倒时，附近的人可能会受伤。所以人形机器人可能会造成一些问题，故选C。
42．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一、二段介绍仿生机器人；第三、四、五段介绍美国公司Apptronik开发的一款仿生机器人；第六段介绍仿生机器人的用途；第七段介绍仿生机器人的问题。故选C。
43．C 44．A 45．B 46．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了成功的关键是要始终如一，不要在接近成功的时候开始放松。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Becoming successful is never easy.”可知，成功从来都不是一件容易的事。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一句“So it tells us to be careful at all stages (阶段), and never forget our goal.”可知，所以它告诉我们在任何阶段都要小心，永远不要忘记我们的目标。故选A。
45．词义猜测题。根据“After people set their goals, most of them will pay attention at the beginning and they will also long for the success.”可知，在人们设定目标后，他们中的大多数人一开始就会集中注意力，他们也将……成功。按常理，人们设定目标后一开始会集中注意力，目的就是为了取得成功。选项B“盼望，希望，想要”符合语境。故选B。
46．主旨大意题。根据最后一句“So it tells us to be careful at all stages (阶段), and never forget our goal.”可知，所以它告诉我们在任何阶段都要小心，永远不要忘记我们的目标。再结合第二段的例子可知，本文告诉我们成功的关键是要始终如一，不要在接近成功的时候开始放松。也就是说，要想成功，我们应该一直努力。故选C。
47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了图瓦卢将成为第一个因为长期气候变化而消失的国家。
47．细节理解题。根据“The report said Tuvalu (图瓦卢) will be the first country to be completely lost due to climate change.”可知图瓦会消失是因为气候变化。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“If people from other countries enter the space of the virtual country but just show their names, how do people know if they do or do not truly belong to that country ”可知人们无法知道这个虚拟世界的人到底属于哪个国家。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据“Li added that instead of trying our best to build virtual nations, it’s better to pay attention to saving the real world now.”可知作者并不同意建设一个虚拟国家的想法。故选B。
50．篇章结构题。通读全文，文章第一段介绍了气候能够让一个国家消失；第二段至第三段介绍了因为气候变化而饱受其害的国家图瓦卢；第四段至第六段介绍了这个国家打算建设“虚拟国家”，以及人们对这一提议的看法。因此，文章结构如选项A所示。故选A。
51．D 52．B 53．A 54．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了为了防止方言消失，中国政府在几年前启动了中国语言资源保护工程。
51．细节理解题。根据“While many Chinese people speak putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.”可知，为了不让方言消失，拯救方言，中国政府启动了中国语言资源保护工程。故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据“This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world.”可知，该工程调查了1712个地区的语言资源，这也帮助中国建造最大的语言资源库。故选B。
53．推理判断题。根据“A big national hard work has been put into the project to make it happen, said Cao Zhiyun, the expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers.”可知，本段主要讲述了怎么保护方言文化。故选A。
54．主旨大意题。根据“To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project (中国语言资源保护工程) a few years ago.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了为了防止方言消失，中国政府作出的一些努力。故选B。
55．A 56．C 57．D 58．D
【导语】本文主要讨论了美国人对于体重和身材的过度追求及其影响，包括由此产生的心理压力和健康问题，以及社会和法律如何应对这一现象。文章鼓励人们关注健康，而不是追求“完美”身材。
55．细节理解题。根据“However, trying to live up to the pictures of ‘perfect’ has a dark side: worry, depression (抑郁) and unhealthy ways to lose weight.”可知，努力实现“完美”的画面也有黑暗的一面：担忧、抑郁和不健康的减肥方式，由此可知试图拥有完美的体形对健康有不良影响。故选A。
56．推理判断题。根据“Michigan changed laws—whoever treats others less fairly just because of their body shape would be punished.”可知，密歇根州修改了法律——任何仅仅因为体形而不公平对待他人的人都将受到惩罚，由此可知，未来越来越少的人可能因为不完美的体形而受到不公平的待遇。故选C。
57．主旨大意题。根据“Hope people always put their health first and get rid of the misunderstanding of having a ‘perfect’ body shape.”可知，作者希望人们永远把健康放在首位，摆脱对拥有“完美”体形的误解，故选D。
58．篇章结构题。本文是关于“体形”的文章，①应该是Body shape；第四、五段介绍的是由于过分注重体形带来的问题，②应该是Problems；第六段是密歇根州对于这个问题采取的行动，③应该是Actions。故选D。

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