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定语从句
定义 在一个复合句中，一个句子作定语的句子就是定语从句。
【注意】
1.一个句子的判断标准：一句一主谓！
2.修饰名词/代词的成分即是定语
结构 先行词+关系词+定语。
分类 限制性定语从句 He has a son who/that works in Beijing.
非限制性定语从句　 He has a son ,who works in Beijing.
【关系词】
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句
关系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother
whom 人 宾语 The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the person (that) I am looking for.
which 物 主语，宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
关系形容词 whose 人，物 定语 The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there.
where 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born.
why 原因 原因状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.
【注意】
1.who/whom/which/that等在定语从句中充当宾语时，可以省略。 2. 定语从句的引导词没有what，how。
【做题步骤】
1. 定性:名词/代词+ ？ +句子（完整/不完整）
2. 定缺：找出定语，判断定语是否完整，即是是否缺少主语/宾语
若句子完整：whose、when/where/why
若句子不完整：who/which/that/whom
3.根据先行词，选择合适的关系词
【注意】whose后面紧接名词，且可以翻译成“谁的....”，具有所属关系;
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
特殊考点1：只能用that引导定语从句的情况
1．先行词既指人又指物时。 2．先行词为everything,something,anything， nothing, all, much, none 等不定代词时。 3．先行词被no, every/each, few/little,some/any,much, all等不定代词修饰时。 4．先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last,the+序数词,the+最高级修饰时。 5．主语是以who或which开头的疑问句，为了避免重复，用that。 6.There be 结构中，修饰主语的定语从句中先行词指的是物时，用that。 They talked about persons and things (that) they met. All (that) we have to do is to practice English. I've eaten up all the food (that) you gave me. The first letter (that) I got from him will be kept. Who is the man that is making a speech There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
知识难点
1.及物动词和不及物动词的判定
This is the house where once Lu Xun lived.
This is the house which/that once Lun Xun lived in.
I never forget the person who/that/whom we met in the park.
I never forget the day when we met in the park.
2.定语的划分
内嵌结构：一般主语作先行词，定语为横线后面至第二个谓语之前
The boy who she loved died in the war.
左右结构：一般宾语作先行词，定语为先行词后面的全部成分
I have a friend who has short hair and big eyes.

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