资源简介

2024年高考英语（阅读理解）模拟真题
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）※ Brown Girl Dreaming
By Jacqueline Woodson
As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book, in her book, Brown Girl Dreaming, the author uses poetry to tell her true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s and 1970s. Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family, her growing awareness of race and the civil rights movement, and her life in South Carolina and New York City.
※ When You Were Everything
By Ashley Woodfolk
Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes. Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school.
※ The Hound of the Baskervilles
By Arthur Conan Doyle
The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor, England. A man is dead, with many dog paw prints leading to his body. Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to find several unexplainable events and clues. Together, they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fiction ever since.
※ The Hobbit
By J. R. R. Tolkien
This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world. With dwarves (小矮人), hobbits, sword fights, wizards and dragons, the book’s plot and humor have stood the test of time.
1．How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books
A．It focuses on city life. B．It uses clear language.
C．It has won many awards. D．It tells humorous stories.
2．What is When You Were Everything mainly about
A．Friendship and growth. B．Lost love and gained hope.
C．Learning to be more independent. D．Dealing with pressure from schoolwork.
3．Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures
A．The Hobbit B．Brown Girl Dreaming
C．When You Were Everything D．The Hound of the Baskervilles
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes. The trip seemed simple enough. 10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more about less. Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
4．What inspired the author to join the surf trip
A．Her love for seashore surfing. B．Her desire to make new friends.
C．Her need to take a break from work. D．Her passion for exploring something new.
5．What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field
A．It hurts one’s pride. B．It narrows one’s potential.
C．It promotes one’s career success. D．It broadens one’s view of the world.
6．Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience
A．Relaxing but dangerous. B．Tough and uninteresting.
C．Challenging but rewarding. D．Surprising and unforgettable.
7．What can be inferred about the author
A．She used to lack confidence in herself.
B．She determined to become an expert surfer.
C．She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip.
D．She was more willing to try new experiences in life.
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts, and we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job — I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays
with me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
8．What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Enjoy. B．Fear. C．Expect. D．Avoid.
9．Why does the author think some callers treat her badly
A．They get angry too easily. B．They blame her for their debts.
C．They do not see her as a real person. D．They accuse her of taking their money.
10．Why does the author think she is good at her job
A．She can offer callers best advice. B．She is always respected by callers.
C．She can put herself in others’ shoes. D．She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
11．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text
A．To call for understanding of her job. B．To explain why she is good at her job.
C．To introduce what she is responsible for. D．To complain about her being treated badly.
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）Waterways are important for every country around the world. They provide not only water for everyday use but also routes for transport. However, due to industrial activity, many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand. The 15-year-old high school girl told Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house. However, the river has become littered with plastic bags, bottles and cups. Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish in waterways.
In May, Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in Georgia, US, and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her project.
According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly. She planned to create a
curtain of bubbles that stretched the river diagonally (对角地). The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the shore. Once there, a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish, Perry found that it worked better than expected. Next, she plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
12．What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system
A．Her father’s encouragement.
B．Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C．A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D．An invention of a Dutch high school student.
13．What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system
A．It was designed by Perry alone.
B．It makes power to run the air compressor.
C．It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D．It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
14．What is the 5th paragraph mainly about
A．Advantages of the system. B．The way of testing the system.
C．The improvement on the system. D．Challenges in the design process.
15．What kind of person is Perry
A．Efficient and ambitious. B．Helpful and hardworking.
C．Responsible and creative. D．Professional and adventurous.
（2024·陕西·二模）Growing up, I felt that I learned some things quickly and other things painfully slowly. Picking up French and Spanish seemed to come naturally, while painting and drawing required a lot of practice. I thought that some people just have a talent for languages; others don’t.
You’ve probably felt the same way—that certain things were easier for you to learn. And so did my research
partners. So we set out to identify what makes some people learn faster than others. If we could just distill (提取) these unique characteristics, we thought, we would be able to create better learning environments—and make everyone a fast learner.
In our study, we model data from student performance on groups of tasks that assess the same skill component and that provide follow-up instructions on student errors. Our models estimate the increase in correctness after each practice opportunity. We applied our models to 1.3 million observations across 27 datasets of student interactions with online practice systems in the context of elementary to college courses. In contrast, and much to our surprise, we found students to be astonishingly similar in estimated learning rate. There are no such things as fast and slow learners!
We find that a typical student needs about seven learning opportunities to master a typical knowledge component. They start at different levels of proficiency but, when provided with high-quality practice opportunities, they learn at about the same speed. Yes, they will end in different places-but that’s because they have different starting lines, not because they are quicker or slower to learn.
That means the types of opportunities you get are important. Detailed, timely feedback and hints provide favorable conditions that allow you to consistently make progress, regardless of where you began.
Don’t think you’re alone if learning feels slow and effortful. Do try, try again. You can make as much progress as everyone else—and so can the young people in your life. Achievement gaps are the result of opportunity gaps, not individual differences in learning speed.
16．What is the author’s previous thought according to the first two paragraphs
A．He can’t learn painting and drawing. B．All people have a talent for languages.
C．People learn things in the same way. D．People have different learning speeds.
17．What did the researchers do in the research
A．Teach elementary courses. B．Criticize students’ mistakes.
C．Apply their models extensively. D．Distinguish the fast and slow learners.
18．How can a student make greater achievements according to the research
A．By using high-quality equipment. B．By doing more efficient practice.
C．By competing with other students. D．By increasing learning speed.
19．What is the best title of the text
A．There Is No Such Things as a Fast Learner B．How We Can Learn Faster than Others
C．There Is No Difference Between Students D．Why Education Is Important to Us
（2024·陕西·二模）In much of the western United States, drought and access to fresh water is a critical issue. However, recently California came up with a novel solution. The state approved regulations that allow agencies to purify wastewater for drinking. This recycled wastewater may be consumed in homes, schools, and businesses.
As the population in California has exploded in recent decades, the state has struggled to meet demands for fresh water. Recycled wastewater will allow the state to increase access to the precious resource.
Recycled wastewater is not new to the state. It has previously been used in ice hockey rinks (冰球场), for crops, and to generate artificial snow. But now, water agencies will have the option to put recycled wastewater back into pipes for drinking. California is only the second state to allow purified wastewater to be consumed. The first was Colorado in 2022.
While the idea of drinking recycled wastewater may be off-putting, regulators spent more than a decade developing rules and regulations to ensure safety. Independent panels of scientists also reviewed the state’s rules around recycled wastewater consumption. All water will be treated for pathogens (病原体) and viruses before being available for consumption.
So far, the state’s plan has been met with approval from large water agencies. Many of them have plans to construct wastewater recycling plans over the next few years. In Southern California, the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California has set a goal aiming to produce 150 million gallons of direct and indirect recycled water per day. This water will be in the pipes of the 19 million people throughout the six counties that the agency serves.
Officials are aware that a certain amount of public convincing may still be necessary. However, they remain optimistic about the future of the project, reminding consumers that the water is safe, and that recycled water is already in use in California.
20．Why does California pass new regulations about recycled wastewater
A．To ease the pressure of drought. B．To increase the supply of fresh water.
C．To recycle the wastewater for industry. D．To reduce the pollution of the wastewater.
21．What does the underlined word “off-putting” mean in paragraph 4
A．Surprising. B．Necessary. C．Funny. D．Awful.
22．What can we learn from paragraph 5
A．The goal of wastewater recycling is hard to achieve.
B．The state’s plan will be conducted by water agencies.
C．Southern California will reduce its water production.
D．People in California tend to prefer recycled water.
23．What do the public think of the recycled water project
A．Many people still disapprove of the project.
B．The public are optimistic about the project.
C．It will never be suitable to use recycled water.
D．The project is the only solution to water shortage.
（2024·陕西·二模）The ability to walk is the sort of thing many people take for granted, but for Ella Weiske, it’s a monumental achievement. Ella was born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) and requires a wheelchair to get around, yet she always dreamed of walking across the stage to collect her high school diploma on her own two feet.
In spring of 2023, Ella finally got that chance! The teenager spent months before her graduation from Ripon High School in Wisconsin building strength and practicing walking on an innovative new device called a Trexo. All of her efforts were worth it when she stepped onto the stage to a standing ovation (起立鼓掌) from teachers and students.
Walking on graduation day was important to Ella so her family raised $45,000 with an online fundraiser to buy the Trexo device, which is a wearable robot designed to help children walk. The device is controlled by a tablet, and it helps Ella gently move her legs. She can adjust how much support is needed, walk angles, and speed.
Ella says just the feeling of her feet hitting the floor makes her happy, but it’s the independence the device offers that gets her really excited. She dreams of hanging around downtown, going to her brother’s baseball games, and opening up her world with help from her robotic legs. But first, graduation!
On the big day, Ella was able to use her Trexo device to walk across the stage with the other members of the class of 2023. The entire school body was on their feet, cheering for her, as she collected her diploma with help from her sister, Liz Weiske. It was an emotional moment for the teachers and students who have rooted for Ella for the past 4 years.
Just graduating is an achievement on its own, but Ella’s life-changing walk meant so much to her, and to everyone who knows and loves her. We’re so proud of Ella for working hard to accomplish her goals.
24．What words can best describe Ella Weiske
A．Caring and responsible. B．Honest and reliable.
C．Ambitious and hardworking. D．Intelligent and creative.
25．What did Ella gain from the help of the Trexo device
A．A responsibility to help others. B．A sense of living independently.
C．An ability to deliver a public speech. D．An opportunity for further education.
26．How did the school staff feel about Ella’s walking on the stage
A．Embarrassing. B．Doubtful. C．Inspiring. D．Romantic.
27．What lesson can we learn from Ella’s experience
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Many hands make light work.
C．Misfortune may be an actual blessing. D．Everything is possible to a willing mind.
（2024·陕西·二模）2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition
To celebrate the 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival, National Mall and Memorial Parks is hosting a youth art competition. We need your artistic help to inspire visitors to become Cherry Blossom Protectors! The blooming of the cherry trees around the Tidal Basin has come to symbolize the natural beauty of our nation’s capital city. Thousands of people come every year to see the cherry trees and enjoy the festival. Participants
The contest is open to all Washington, D．C． students, K-6. One submission per student please. Theme
Artworks should focus on the theme “Cherry Blossom Protector.” Draw or paint a picture that shows what you appreciate about the cherry blossoms, how we can take care of them, and why we should. Submissions must include the words “Cherry Blossom Protector”. Deadline
Artworks will be accepted starting December 13, 2023. All submissions must be postmarked by February 25, 2024. Submission requirements
A valid submission will contain the following information:
1. An original copy of the artwork. Each piece must be original, authentic (真实的), unpublished, the sole property of the entrant (参赛者), and not previously submitted in any other contest.
2. Your personal information, printed on either the back of your artwork or on a separate sheet attached to your physical artwork or provided with the e-mail for your digital entry: First and last name, grade/age.
3. A completed and signed entry form. Print out the entry form and send it to us when you send your artwork. Entries cannot be accepted without a signed entry form by a parent or guardian. Delivery address
Mailed submissions must be sent to:
National Mall and Memorial Parks
c/o 2024 National Cherry Blossom Festival Student Art Competition
1100 Ohio Drive, SWWashington, DC 20242
28．Why do National Mall and Memorial Parks host the art competition
A．To honor the national heroes. B．To improve students’ art skills.
C．To protect the cherry blossom. D．To attract more visitors to the parks.
29．What should you do if you attend the contest
A．Volunteer as a cherry blossom protector. B．Choose your own theme for the contest.
C．Email all your artworks to your school. D．Summit artworks before February 25, 2024.
30．What should be included in the submission entries
A．Personal information. B．A previous submitted copy.
C．A guardian’s recommendation. D．An electronic application form.
（23-24高三下·甘肃武威·阶段练习）Fill your free time with these options on offer in New York City this month.
Pop & Rock
Dec. 1 at Webster Hall, Manhattan
On tour in support of her new release of Softscars, the singer and producer Nat Cmiel will play at Webster Hall on Sunday. A frequent subject of her songs is the solution to the tensions between digital and physical existence. Tickets are $25.
Family Concert
Dec. 10 at the Scheuer Auditorium, Manhattan
Joanie Leeds is adding her voice to those calling for children’s books in libraries and children’s classrooms. With a guitar and other musicians, she’ll celebrate the release of her new work, starting at 10: 30 a. m., in an hour-long concert intended to make young listeners first grow up and later sit down and read. Tickets to the concert are required to be reserved online, starting at $14. Children are admitted free.
Jazz
Dec. 20 at the Village Vanguard, Manhattan
Bold and carefree, Johnathan Blake has come to represent certain of present jazz. This week’s Vanguard stand features his My Life Matters, calling for people to let one another live and grow. Watching the performance
of the band will have a lasting impression on you. Tickets are $40.
Sketch Comedy
Dec.22 at the Peoples Improv Theater, Manhattan
The Peoples Improv Theater is welcoming comedy troupes (剧团) across the country for a celebration and discussion of sketch comedy, with Birch & Caven as the opening show. Tickets start at $ 15 per show. Four-day passes are $79, and one-day passes are $30. Tickets are to be bought at the ticket office in person.
31．Whose song discusses digital and real-life interaction
A．Nat Cmiel. B．Joanie Leeds. C．Birch & Caven. D．Johnathan Blake.
32．Where is the performance of Joanie Leeds held
A．At Webster Hall. B．At the Scheuer Auditorium.
C．At the Village Vanguard. D．At the Peoples Improv Theater.
33．What is the most economical choice to appreciate Sketch Comedy for four days
A．Online tickets. B．One-day passes. C．Four-day passes. D．Separate tickets.
（23-24高三下·甘肃武威·阶段练习）Long-term exposure to low-frequency noise can cause many health problems, but the solution may be found in an unexpected object, a ping-pong ball. Conventionally thought of as the plastic balls that speed through the air during a fast-speed game of table tennis, with a few changes, ping-pong balls can help absorb the city noise.
Low-frequency noise is everywhere in cities, near roads, and by airports. Though potentially heard as background in the acoustic (声学的) landscape, it can lead to earaches, breathing problems and other long-term harmful effects. Because it is produced by a range of sources and is less affected by structures than higher-frequency sound, low-frequency noise can be challenging to avoid.
In Journal of Applied Physics, researchers from the University of Lille and the National Technical University of Athens describe an acoustic metasurface (超表面) that uses ping-pong balls to prevent sound passing through.
“Ping-pong balls are well-known, everyday objects, present in large numbers all over the world,” said author Robine Sabat. “Our motivation was to use these easily accessible objects to create a low-frequency soundproof panel structure. Ping-pong balls therefore present a suitable alternative to sound insulators.”
Acoustic metasurfaces are materials specially engineered to handle sound waves. This metasurface uses ping-pong balls with small holes, acting as Helmholtz resonators (共振器). More resonant frequencies meant the device was able to absorb more sound. At the success of two coupled resonators, the researchers added more, until
their device looked like a square sheet of ping-pong balls covered with holes, multiplying the number of resonant frequencies that could be absorbed.
By adjusting the number of balls, number of holes, and hole sizes, the researchers could change the metasurface’s acoustic properties, proving it is possible to design a sound absorption panel without expensive materials.
“The potential of this metasurface extends beyond sound absorption,” said Sabat. “It can be broadened to achieve various functions similar to other metasurfaces. These functionalities include sound focusing, unconventional sound reflection and more.”
34．What makes low-frequency noise hard to avoid
A．Its dull background. B．Its covering range.
C．Its various sources. D．Its surrounding structures.
35．What does the underlined word “insulators” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Sources. B．Levels. C．Effects. D．Barriers.
36．What is an advantage of the newly developed metasurface
A．It costs little to make. B．It has light weight.
C．It is convenient to use. D．It is environmentally friendly.
37．What can be the best title for the text
A．Low-frequency Noise Can Cause Diseases
B．Ping-pong Balls Function Well as Sound Absorbers
C．Acoustic Metasurface Can Address Noise Problem
D．Ping-pong Balls Show Potential in Many Research Fields
（23-24高三下·甘肃武威·阶段练习）People in Detroit, Michigan take their sport seriously. Comerica Park, the home of the Tigers, a baseball team, and the Little Caesars Arena, which is home to the NHL’s Detroit Red Wings and the NBA’s Detroit Pistons, draw enormous crowds. Far older than both is the Cadieux Café, on the eastern edge of the city. Locals there take part in a game called “feather bowling” most nights.
In the game, developed from Flanders, players roll a wooden wheel along a rough earth lane (路) towards a pigeon feather planted at the other end. The idea is to get your wheel as close as possible—while blocking those of the opposing team or knocking them out of the way.
Everyone in Grosse Pointe in Detroit plays feather bowling. Photos of champions line the wall of the
Cadieux Café, which is founded in the 1930s by Belgian immigrants, says John Rutherford, a musician who has co-owned the place since 2019.
Having been preserved for the best part of a century, feather bowling is now spreading. A few other bars in Michigan have set up their own lanes. Having seen a video of people playing feather bowling at the Cadieux Café, Dave Plate decided it was exactly the game to bring to a large space he had rented, and flew to Michigan to learn it. Last year, he opened a bar with the game in a neighborhood in New York City. The lanes are now booked up for weekends in advance. Most of the players are young, and a growing number of parents are bringing their children, too.
Mr. Rutherford welcomes the copycats. The Cadieux Café, he says, could become to feather bowling what St. Andrews in Scotland is to golf: somewhere true fans will always want to play. But he’s critical of what competitors are offering—something like golf court. “For it to be truly feather bowling, you need a real dirt course like ours,” he says. Even worldwide, Detroit may now be a good place to play the game.
38．Where does the Detroit Pistons basketball team usually play
A．At Comerica Park. B．At Grosse Pointe.
C．At the Little Caesars Arena. D．At the Cadieux Café.
39．What can be learned about feather bowling
A．It was held mainly in broad daylight. B．Its players have to roll a wooden wheel.
C．Its competition rules are friendly and fun. D．It was invented by the Belgians in the 1930s.
40．Why does the author list Dave Plate in paragraph 4
A．To praise his contributions to feather bowling.
B．To prove the limit of feather bowling in big cities.
C．To show the growing popularity of feather bowling.
D．To illustrate the importance of bowling for children.
41．What should the bowling field be like according to Mr. Rutherford
A．A wooden court. B．A grass court. C．A concrete court. D．A dirt court.
（23-24高三下·甘肃武威·阶段练习）Every June, we have a tradition at our house. Our children are given bowls and asked to collect pieces of summer nature. They leave those bowls on the front doorstep and we go for a walk. When we return, we find fairies (仙女) have transformed the bowls’ contents into ice cream.
“When are the fairies coming ” Six-year-old Anna had been asking last June with expectation. Meanwhile, Joshua, nine, was getting wise to fairies and such silly things. As the evening arrived, the children collected leaves, grass and dead insects. We put their bowls on the front doorstep and we were on our walk. After a while, I said that I had forgotten my keys and needed to go back, but then I said I found them. Joshua smiled knowingly, and then was beginning to get a bit confused.
Back near our house, I warned that the fairies might not have arrived—we might need to walk a bit longer. Joshua seemed relieved. “Yes,” he said, “they probably hadn’t come.” Yet when we reached the front door, the bowls were in the same place we had left them—filled with ice cream.
Anna accepted all this with complete innocence. She felt happy, excited and eager to eat. But Joshua was astonished, speechless. He looked up at me, at his dad, then gazed around the neighborhood in amazement. “The fairies must have come,” he whispered as we all sat down to feast. “But was this really magic ”
I kissed Anna and Joshua good night, but at 2:00 a. m., Joshua crawled into bed next to me, whispering, “Mummy, how did you do it ”
I told my nine-year-old boy the truth. I had asked a neighbor to help us. Shortly after we left on our walk, she had slid over to our house and switched the bowls. Joshua smiled in relief and thanked me for telling him. Then he fell asleep. Just at that moment, I believed in magic, too.
42．What’s the author’s family tradition in June
A．Lining up to greet the fairies.
B．Filling the bowls with charity food.
C．Attracting kids to nature with ice cream.
D．Teaching the kids to make ice cream.
43．How did Anna react to the bowls of ice cream
A．She felt grateful neighbors are so kind.
B．She was pleased fairies had prepared them.
C．She was aware her mother had made them.
D．She felt relieved she finally went back home.
44．What kept Joshua from falling asleep at 2:00 a. m.
A．His appreciation of a neighbor’s kindness.
B．His excitement from the outdoor experience.
C．His strong desire to stay with his mother.
D．His curiosity about the source of the ice cream.
45．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Collecting Fruit from Nature in Summer
B．Watching the Magic of Making Ice Cream
C．Revealing the Secret of Nature to Children
D．Growing up with the Ice Cream Fairy Tradition
（2024·青海西宁·一模）4 Really Strange Beaches
Sandy stretches of gray, brown or even white are the world’s norm. Even rocky beaches or those with sheer cliffs barring passage for everyone save the bravest adventurers are not rare. These unique beaches are some of the best treats nature has to offer.
Papakolea Beach, Hawaii, USA
Papakōlea Beach is a green sand beach located near South Point, in the Ka’ū district of the island of Hawai ’i. One of only two green sand beaches in the World, the other being in Galapagos Islands.
Papakōlea Beach is associated with the southwest rift (裂谷) of Mauna Loa. Since its last eruption, the cinder cone has partially collapsed and been partially swallowed by the ocean.
San Alfonso del Mar Beach, Chile
This beach is located between the largest artificial pool. San Alfonso del Mar Beach is an essential part of the luxurious resort of the same name.
It seems a strange spot for the world’s largest swimming pool. But the pool’s remarkable spaciousness (宽敞) complements the ocean beyond rather effortlessly, and jumping in the pool’s 79℉(26℃) water is a much more attractive prospect than venturing into the 63℉(17℃) seawater nearby.
Maho Beach, Sint Maarten
Maho Beach is a beach on the Dutch side of the Caribbean island of Saint Martin, in the country of Sint Maarten. It is famous for the Princess Juliana International Airport next to the beach.
Arriving aircraft must touch down as close as possible to the beginning of Runway 10 due to the short runway length of 380 metres, resulting in aircraft on their final approach flying over the beach at minimal altitude.
Ocean Dome, Japan
This is an artificial beach constructed in the Seagaia re son along the coastal highway outside the city of Myazaki in Japan it has a fully controlled indoor climate throughout the year.
The Ocean Dome, which was a popular part of the Sheraton Seagaia Resort, measures 300 meters in length and 100 meters in width.
46．What has Papakōlea Beach experienced in Hawaii
A．One mineral. B．One connection.
C．One fierce rift. D．One severe outbreak.
47．What’s the most exciting in San Alfonso del Mar Beach, Chile
A．Jumping into the pool’s water
B．Learning to jump water in the pool
C．Building a spacious swimming pool
D．Taking a risk of swimming in the pool
48．What do Maho Beach and Ocean Dome have in common
A．They lie beside good places built. B．They both lie on an island.
C．They are both artificial beaches. D．They are both well-known.
（2024·青海西宁·一模）Some of our planet’s power pollinators (传粉昆虫) may have originated tens of millions of years earlier than scientists once believed. In a study published July 27 in the journal Current Biology, a team of researchers traced bee family back over 120 million years to the ancient supercontinent Gondwana (冈瓦纳大陆). While looking deeper into bee history, the team found evidence that bees originated earlier, diversified faster, and spread wider than previously suspected, putting together pieces of a puzzle on the origin of these pollinators.
In the study, an international team of scientists would be in sequence and compared genes from over 200 bee species. They then compared these bees with the traits from 185 different bee fossils and extinct fossils to develop an evolutionary history and genealogical model for how bees have historically been spread around the world. The team was able to analyze hundreds of thousands of genes at a time to make sure that the relationships they inferred were correct.
“This is the first time we have broad genome-scale data for all seven bee families,” study co-author and Washington State University entomologist Elizabeth Murray confidently said in a statement. Earlier studies established that the first bees potentially evolved from wasps (黄蜂), transitioning from predators up to collectors of pollen and nectar (花蜜). According to this study, bees arose in the dry regions of western Gondwana during the early Cretaceous period, between 145 million years ago to 100.5 million years ago.
“There’s been a long-time puzzle about the origin of bees,” study co-author and Washington State University entomologist Silas Bossert said in a statement. “For the first time, we have statistical evidence that bees originated on Gondwana. We now know that bees are originally southern hemisphere insects.” The team found evidence that as new continents formed, the bees moved northward. They continued to diversify and spread in parallel partnership with flowering plants called angiosperms. The bees later moved into India and Australia and all major bee families appear to have split off from one another before the beginning of the Tertiary period (65million years ago).
49．What’s the purpose of bee history researchers do research on
A．To discover the origin of these pollinators.
B．To find out some reasonable proofs.
C．To know much about our planet.
D．To study the life of bee species.
50．Which can replace the underlined phrase “in sequence” in Paragraph 2
A．in danger. B．in need. C．in order D．in favor.
51．What’s the viewpoint of Elizabeth Murray to the bee family
A．Unbelievable. B．Reliable. C．Positive. D．Negative.
52．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．The earliest home of bees may be in Gondwana.
B．The world’s earliest bees were found in India and Australia.
C．The researchers are going on doing research on bee families.
D．The researchers get a lot evidence to prove their research.
（2024·青海西宁·一模）Sometimes science advances at a snail’s pace, but in this case that’s a good thing: researchers have created a soft material that combines polymers with liquid metal, demonstrated in a snail-like robot. Developers say this electrically conductive gel(凝胶) could be used to make self-healing electronic circuits and biological monitors for measuring heart and muscle activity-and maybe even lead to robot nervous systems.
The complex substance can stretch and is soft like living tissue. If it breaks or tears, the edges can be touched together, and the material’s molecular bonds quickly re-form without any additional heat or chemical treatment. And crucially its developers say, it is the first such material that also conducts electricity.
These abilities could lead to wire-free medical monitors as well as fully soft robots. “For my research, one
thing that’s really big is, ‘How do you put multiple functions into a single material ’” says Lillian Chin, who develops soft robotic components as part of her own research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Existing soft-bodied robots, she says, often require at least some rigid metals and silicon(硅)components. But soft, flexible living tissues can perform multiple tasks; muscles, Chin notes, both move our bodies and provide electrical feedback about that movement to our brains.
For a recent study in Nature Electronics, the researchers used their new material to connect motors to power sources in two basic machines: a snail-like soft robot and a toy car. The material’s self-healing ability helped these simple circuits(电路) be easily reequipped. For example, the team cut the car’s power-carrying gel “wires” and shifted their connections to power both movement and a small light fixed in the bottom.
53．What’s the function of the conductive gel
A．To make a soft material.
B．To connect material and metal.
C．To restore robot nervous systems.
D．To produce electronic and biological monitors.
54．What’s the complex substance used for
A．Being connected. B．Providing heat.
C．Conducting electricity. D．Handling chemical.
55．What does Lillian Chin emphasize in the third paragraph
A．The good benefits of the single material in her study.
B．Multiple functions of the single material.
C．The movement from human bodies in her study.
D．The massive tasks done in her study.
56．What makes the new material able to help simple circuits
A．Its soft ability. B．Its helpful ability
C．Its wireless ability. D．Its self-healing ability.
（2024·青海西宁·一模）Chris Kyle is an entrepreneur(企业家), so he’s always looking for ways to support his fellow small business owners. Chris says he feels fortunate that his work allows him to spend a lot of time at home, so he can be fully present for each stage of his daughter Ava’s life. He was skeptical when his wife purchased Ava a toy kitchen set, but his daughter adores it and has now become a “small business owner” in her
very own living room!
“When my wife made the purchase, I was hesitant about spending a few hundred dollars on it,” Chris explained. “It has been worth every penny. Ava is the star of her own little world when she is ready to play.” Chris paid a visit to his daughter’s at-home restaurant and shared his frank but funny “review” on his Instagram page. “So I tried to support another Black Owned Business for lunch today,” he wrote. “It’s called Ava’s Kitchen, just opened the end of April. It’s a very clean kitchenware, but let me tell you about this owner.”
“First of all, I asked why there are balloons on my chair, and it’s not my birthday ” Chris continued. “She said those are Mommy’s.” But Chris didn’t stop there. In addition to the questionable choice of balloons as a decoration, he said the service at Ava’s Kitchen was not exactly putting the establishment anywhere near the Zagat scale. “I have been waiting on my order to get done for 45minutes, and I’m the only customer here,” wrote Chris. “She was making good progress at first, then she stopped for 20 minutes to go to watch Paw Patrol. Overall the customer service could be better, but the cook is lovely. So I’ll give her another chance.”
Chris and Ava are thrilled that their post went viral. I’m glad to see our post shine bright in the lives or people around the world, said the proud dad.
57．Why does Chris mainly think he is lucky
A．Because he has enough time to work at home.
B．Because he has been looking for some ways.
C．Because he can accompany his daughter.
D．Because he suspects Ava’s mother.
58．What does Chris doubt about
A．Buying a toy kitchen set. B．Living in a small room.
C．Supporting another business. D．Spending too much money.
59．Where is the third paragraph written
A．On the Internet. B．In the newspaper.
C．On a travel magazine. D．In a notice.
60．What’s the best title of the text
A．Dad Leaves His Review After Visiting Ava’s Kitchen
B．Dad Is Honest And Funny After Talking With His Daughter
C．Dad Helps Ava Get a Good Chance to Surf the Internet
D．Dad Builds a Kitchen For His Own Daughter Happily
（2024·青海海南·一模）Ask any business leader what big challenges they face and it’s likely that skills and labor shortages will be high on their list. They’re concerned about how to develop the skills they need for the jobs of tomorrow. According to the World Economic Forum’s latest Future of Jobs Report 2023, organizations across all industries identify skills gaps and an inability to attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transformation.
There’s a potential solution to all of this: a “skills-first” approach. The new report, Putting Skills First: A Framework for Action, launched during the World Economic Forum’s Growth Summit, finds that switching to a skills-first mindset can directly benefit over 100 million people globally who’re currently under-utilizing their existing skills, because they’re under-employed in their current job or because they’re unemployed. The analysis, which covers 18 economies, finds workforce under-utilization ranges from 4% of the working population in Thailand, to 7% in the US, 13% in France, 27% in Brazil and 43% in South Africa.
A skills-first approach focuses on a person’s skills and competencies rather than on their qualifications or job history, so that what someone can do becomes far more important than which university they went to. Crucially, this focus on skills continues long after the worker has been hired, with an emphasis on continually developing their abilities right through their career.
Making skills a priority is fairly advantageous. For businesses, taking a skills-first approach dramatically increases the potential pool of talent from which they can draw on. For individuals, it provides access to good jobs that offer skills building, career progression and higher earning potential which they’d otherwise have been excluded from without the right qualifications.
Delivering such ground-breaking change requires more than simply the involvement of HR teams. It’ll require the commitment of CEOs and policy-makers at the highest level to drive it through. So far a company in UK has introduced a range of degree apprenticeship (学徒制) programs which enable applicants without a degree to gain one while working at the firm. The organization is also developing new career paths to ensure it has the right skills to meet the changing needs of the economy.
61．What plays a key role in industry transformation
A．Working environment. B．Employees’ job history.
C．Employees’ competence. D．Business leaders’ management.
62．What do we know about the new report according to paragraph 2
A．It was launched by 18 economies.
B．It focuses on a skills-first mindset.
C．It shows the decline of global economy.
D．It points out employment trends.
63．What does the last paragraph convey about the skills-first approach
A．Further research needs to be done.
B．It depends on global cooperation.
C．Some measures are already underway.
D．It is well accepted around the world.
64．What is the text mainly about
A．A skills-first approach.
B．A more inclusive society.
C．Developing new career paths.
D．Creating a framework for job markets.
（2024·青海海南·一模）Heart in your throat. Butterflies in your stomach. Bad courage feeling. These are all phrases many people use to describe fear and anxiety.
You have likely felt anxiety inside your chest or stomach, and your brain usually doesn’t hurt when you’re scared. Many cultures tie weakness and bravery more to the heart or the guts than to the brain. But science has traditionally seen the brain as the birthplace and processing site of fear and anxiety. Then why and how do you feel these emotions in other parts of your body Research confirms that while emotions do begin originally in your brain, it’s your body that carries out the orders. While your brain gradually changed and developed to save you from a falling rock or speeding man-eating animals, the anxieties of modern life are often a lot more abstract. Fifty-thousand years ago, being rejected by your tribe could mean death, but not doing a great job on a public speech at school or at work doesn’t have the same consequences. Your brain, however, might not know the difference.
There are a few key areas of the brain that are heavily involved in processing fear. Amygdala (杏仁体) is a small area of the brain located near your ears which detects obvious features, or the emotional connection of a situation and how to react to it. Threat search is a vital part of this process, and it has to be fast.
The hippocampus (海马体) is near and tightly connected to the amygdala. It’s involved in memorizing what is safe and what is dangerous, especially in relation to the environment — it puts fear in conditions.
The prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质), located above your eyes, is mostly involved in the realization and social aspects of fear processing. For example, you might be scared of a snake until you read a sign that the snake is not poisonous or the owner tells you it’s his friendly pet.
As is described by a singer in his song “Lose Yourself”, the reason his hands sweated, his knees got weak and his arms became heavy was that his brain was nervous.
65．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Emotions can lead to reactions in the body.
B．The brain keeps up with the pace of modern life.
C．Fear and anxiety do much damage to the brain.
D．Nowadays people have more anxieties than before.
66．Which of the following relates to the hippocampus
A．Receiving outside information.
B．Storing memories.
C．Identifying different features.
D．Adjusting emotions.
67．Why is the song mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To show the singer’s love for music.
B．To present a common phenomenon.
C．To illustrate the singer’s physical condition.
D．To explain physical discomfort originates from brain.
68．What is the best title for the text
A．The response to fear and anxiety
B．A study about sense of fear
C．What negative emotions affect your body
D．What is the root of fear and anxiety
（2024·青海海南·一模）I grew up in Florida, surrounded by my extended family, but we can trace our ancestry back to Texas when it still belonged to Mexico. Our language, customs and even the names my ancestors called themselves have since largely been lost to forced assimilation (同化). Yet our oral traditions, expressed through storytelling, poetry and jokes, persist.
My grandmother and mother taught me, a lovely girl, that the natural world around us has stories to tell if you listen closely. After all, language is not unique to humans. One of my earliest memories is sitting on my grandmother’s cracked concrete porch watching one of the many doves she had nursed back to health land in her raised hand after she called out to it. When dark storm clouds gathered over the half-finished roof, my mother would take a steak knife from the kitchen to the outside of the house, pointing it to the sky to cut the rain away. My friends thought it was magical how nature seemed to bend to my mother’s will.
It makes sense that I became an author. My life is built around stories. When I lived in New York and Los Angeles, I’d have to hike very far to find a piece of nature to be in—the rare tree in downtown Los Angeles, or the ginkgoes near Inwood Hill Park in New York City. Now in East Tennessee, I walk a few steps past my porch, into my garden—two small pieces of land that borders my two-story white and greenish-blue farmhouse. When I first moved here, non-native European grass blanketed the thirsty clay, red as dried blood. I dug up eight garden beds in the middle of that grass, filling them with plants native to my region: cone flowers and aromatic aster, bee balm and Virginia blue bells. I tried growing squash peppers, yellow watermelon and white eggplant but the plants languished. My land seems to want nothing but flowers. So I am trying my hand at planting zinnias, cosmos and dahlias instead.
If I am creatively blocked, I walk barefoot on the earth, no matter what the season, allowing stories to feed the roots of my entire body. If I have a plot hole I need to fix, I visit my lemon and lime basil, keeping my fingers with their sweet scents (气味).
69．What plays a role in keeping traditions alive in the author’s view
A．A close family relationship. B．The practice of storytelling.
C．The values of society members. D．An atmosphere of growth.
70．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about
A．How the author became a gardening expert.
B．How the author fed himself with stories.
C．How the author connected with nature.
D．How the author was inspired by stories.
71．Which can best replace the underlined word “languished” in paragraph 3
A．Stood out. B．Survived. C．Developed. D．Faded away.
72．What can be inferred about the author from the text
A．She’s a very responsible person.
B．She’s a nature-loving writer.
C．She’s a passionate traveller.
D．She’s a professional gardener.
（2024·青海海南·一模）Here are some musicals on Broadway.Back to the Future
When Marty McFly finds himself transported back to 1955 in a time machine built by the eccentric scientist Doc Brown, he accidentally changes the course of history. Now he’s in a race against time to fix the present, escape the past and send himself back to the future. It’s recommended for ages 6 and up.How to Dance in Ohio
At a group counseling center in Columbus, Ohio, seven autistic(患孤独症的) young adults prepare for a spring formal dance—a rite of passage that breaks open their routines and sets off heartbreaking encounters with love, stress, excitement, and independence. It is a story about people standing at the turning point of the next phase of their lives, facing their hopes and fears, ready to make a very big first move and dance. It’s based on the award-winning documentary. Mother Play
Outside of D．C．, Phyllis is supervising her teenage children, Carl and Martha, as they move into a new apartment. Phyllis has strong ideas about what her children need to do and how to succeed, and troubles the child faces when finding their own bining flares of imaginative theatricality, surreal farce, and deep tenderness, this beautiful rollercoaster ride reveals timeless truths of love, family, and forgiveness. I Need That
Sam doesn’t get out at all, opting instead for the safety of his house in the company of his many things. But when a notice from the government arrives alerting Sam that he must cleanup hi property or face eviction(驱逐), he’s forced to deal with what’s trash, what’s treasure, and whether we can ever know the difference between the two.
73．What can be learned about Back to the Future
A．It is kid-friendly. B．It is based on the history.
C．It explores the value of time. D．It encourages people to connect more.
74．What does Mother Play focus on
A．Parenting. B．Family relationships.
C．Mother’s troubles. D．Fiction and reality.
75．Which musical is adapted from true stories
A．Back to the Future. B．How to Dance in Ohio.
C．Mother Play. D．I Need That.
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．A
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4本书。
1．细节理解题。根据Brown Girl Dreaming部分“As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book (作为国家图书奖、科瑞塔·斯科特·金奖和纽伯里荣誉书的得主)”可知，Brown Girl Dreaming赢了很多的奖项。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据When You Were Everything部分“Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes. Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama and looking forward to high school. (克莱奥和蕾拉是多年来最好的朋友。但到了中学二年级，一切都变了。蕾拉开始和她的新朋友们一起玩，两个女孩的友谊慢慢结束了。克莱奥在努力结交新朋友的同时，仍在努力理解所发生的事情。跨越两个时间线讲述，克莱奥关于失去友谊的悲伤故事将与许多试图处理过去的中学朋友戏剧并期待高中的八年级学生有关。)”可知，这本书讲述的是关于友谊和成长的故事。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据The Hobbit部分“This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story set in a fantasy world. (这个故事开启了更长、更具挑战性的《指环王》三部曲。这是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事。)”可知，The Hobbit是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事，适合想要阅读冒险故事的人。故选A。
4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过葡萄牙的冲浪之旅，感悟到了突破极限和尝试新事物的价值。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. (10名年龄在30到45岁之间、素不相识的女性将在葡萄牙海岸见面，尝试一项新事物：在大西洋冲浪。)”和文章最后一段“Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new(学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑)”可知，对探索新事
物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.(现在，从理论上讲，这是一个很好的策略，因为它可以让你变得非常擅长某一件事，但最终也会让你缺乏一些技能。)”可推知，作者认为，成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air. Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. (在我们出色的教练的带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。)”和文章最后一段“Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.(学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)”可知，作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的，但却是值得的。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.(虽然冲浪可能不是我一生的爱好，但尝试它激励我在生活中承担更多的风险。如果你不去尝试，你永远不知道你能做什么。)”可推知，作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。故选D。
8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人们理解她的工作。
8．词句猜测题。根据上文“You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.(你恨我。你根本不了解我，还恨我。我们还没说话，你就烦我了。至
少这是我作为一个呼叫中心的女催收员在电话里的感觉。)”和下文“... because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.(因为我永远不知道电话的另一端是谁。)”可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，划线词所在的句子意思是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为“害怕”。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible.(有人冲我大喊大叫，用难听的名字骂我，指责我拿了他们的钱，还威胁我。为什么？我想那是因为我是看不见的人。)”可推知，作者认为一些打电话的人对她不友好，因为他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.(在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技能就是同理心。我能理解打电话的人的处境，因为我也经历过。这就是我擅长这份工作的原因——我理解你的感受，我是来帮你的。)”可推知，作者认为她很擅长自己的工作，是因为她能设身处地地为别人着想。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.(我们都是人类，只是想努力生活，这让你我平等。所以，下次我们谈话的时候，请记住这一点。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们理解她的工作。故选A。
12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了来自美国的达科塔·佩里设计垃圾收集系统来清理河流里的垃圾，文章介绍了系统的工作方式以及是如何接受测试的。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove trash in waterways.(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)”可知，保护附近河流的愿望促使佩里设计了一个垃圾收集系统。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段“According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that
trap waste and directs it to a catchment system.(据“学生科学新闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统)”可知，垃圾收集系统产生一个气泡幕来阻挡垃圾。故选D。
14．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”(在她家后院的游泳池里，佩里用一台空气压缩机将空气通过一根满是孔的管道输送出去，形成一股气泡流。她试验了不同的压力，以确保有足够的气泡形成一个完整的帘子。“为了让气泡系统真正工作并收集垃圾，”她向学生科学新闻解释说，“我必须知道空气压缩机应该推出多大的压力。”)”可知，倒数第二段的主要内容是佩里测试她的系统的方式。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第二段“Perry wanted to clean up the water so she could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove trash in waterways.(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)”以及第四段“According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly.(据“学生科学新闻”网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统。但佩里试图挑战自己，让她的系统更环保)”可推知，佩里有责任心，有创造力。故选C。
16．D 17．C 18．B 19．A
【导语】本文为一篇议论文，主要论述了学习成就差距是机会差距的结果，而不是学习方面的个人差异，所以，没有学得快这类事。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Growing up, I felt that I learned some things quickly and other things painfully slowly.(在成长过程中，我觉得有些东西学得很快，有些东西学得很慢)”及“I thought that some people just have a talent for languages; others don’t.(我以为有些人就是有语言天赋；其他人则没有)”及第二段“You’ve probably felt the same way—that certain things were
easier for you to learn.(你可能也有同样的感觉——某些东西对你来说更容易学会)”可知，作者原来的观点是有些人学得快，有的人学得慢，有些东西对某些人来说更容易，即，人们有不同的学习速度。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We applied our models to 1.3 million observations across 27 datasets of student interactions with online practice systems in the context of elementary to college courses.(我们将我们的模型应用于27个数据集的130万个观察结果，这些数据集是学生在小学到大学课程背景下与在线练习系统的互动)”可知，研究者将数据模型应用于130万个观察结果，可以说是广泛应用了数据模型。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They start at different levels of proficiency but, when provided with high-quality practice opportunities, they learn at about the same speed.(他们开始时的熟练程度不同，但当提供高质量的练习机会时，他们的学习速度大致相同)”及第五段“That means the types of opportunities you get are important. Detailed, timely feedback and hints provide favorable conditions that allow you to consistently make progress, regardless of where you began.(这意味着你获得的机会类型很重要。无论你从哪里开始，详细、及时的反馈和提示都能为你持续进步提供有利条件)”及最后一段“Achievement gaps are the result of opportunity gaps, not individual differences in learning speed.(成绩差距是机会差距的结果，而不是学习速度的个体差异)”可推知，高质量和效率的练习能让学生获得更大的学习成就。故选B。
19．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In contrast, and much to our surprise, we found students to be astonishingly similar in estimated learning rate. There are no such things as fast and slow learners!(相比之下，令我们惊讶的是，我们发现学生在估计的学习速度上惊人地相似。学习速度没有快慢之分)”及最后一段“Achievement gaps are the result of opportunity gaps, not individual differences in learning speed.(成绩差距是机会差距的结果，而不是学习速度的个体差异)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍学习成就差距是机会差距的结果，而不是学习方面的个人差异，所以，没有学得快这类事，A选项“没有所谓的快速学习者”符合本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。
20．B 21．D 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加利福尼亚州为了提高淡水供应通过关于再生废水的新政策。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In much of the western United States, drought and access to
fresh water is a critical issue. However, recently California came up with a novel solution. The state approved regulations that allow agencies to purify wastewater for drinking. This recycled wastewater may be consumed in homes, schools, and businesses.(在美国西部的大部分地区，干旱和获得淡水是一个关键问题。然而，最近加州提出了一个新颖的解决方案。该州批准了一些规定，允许各机构净化废水以供饮用。这种回收的废水可以在家庭、学校和企业中使用)”可知，加州通过关于再生废水的新规定是为了提高淡水供

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