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沈阳二中24届高三第四次模拟考试
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题；从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do
A. Quit his job at once. B. Ask for a pay raise. C. Continue his current job.
2. Which of the following does the man grow in his yard
A. Flowers. B. Vegetables. C. Fruit trees.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. On the phone. B. On the plane. C. At the ticket office.
4. Why is the man unhappy with Elena
A. She didn’t get a good score in a test.
B. She was absent from class yesterday.
C. She talked to her deskmate in class.
5. What is the weather like now
A. Stormy. B. Dull. C. Sunny.
第二节（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did Dylan go last July
A. To Australia. B. To America. C. To Britain.
7. What did Dylan do to the bird
A. He took it on a trip. B. He chased it. C. He fed it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably the man
A. A student. B. A journalist. C. A bank clerk.
9. What will the woman do next Saturday
A. Go to a bookstore. B. Conduct an interview. C. Meet her classmates.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does the man ask the woman to do
A Advertise the goods in advance.
B. Transport the products earlier.
C. Wait for some days.
11. How long will the third-party testing take
A. About 10 days. B. About 14 days. C. About 20 days.
12. How will one-fifth of the goods be delivered first
A. By plane. B. By rail. C. By sea.
13. What does the man think of the woman’s plan at last
A. It’s strange. B. It’s impractical. C. It’s reasonable.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. What to do before attending a trade fair.
B. How to arrange a business meeting.
C. How to make a perfect travel plan.
15. How many ideas does the woman mention
A. 5. B. 4. C. 3.
16. What is the woman’s last idea
A. Getting some time to rest.
B. Contacting a travel agent in advance.
C. Learning about British culture.
17. What does the woman plan to do next
A. Put forward some other ideas.
B. Have a talk with her leader.
C. Invite someone to give a lecture.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When did dian cha become an intangible cultural heritage
A. In 2006. B. In 2016. C. In 2019.
19. How did Han Zheming promote dian cha culture
A. By putting the process of dian cha on social media.
B. By offering some relevant courses for free.
C. By opening teahouses in different places.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. Han Zheming started learning dian cha in college.
B. Dian cha is a tea art form from the Tang Dynasty.
C. The whole process of dian cha must be finished within 10 minutes.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Universities in Northern Part of China
Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) is a renowned institution located in the heart of China’s capital, Beijing. Established in 1940, BIT has grown into a comprehensive university offering a wide range of disciplines, including engineering, science, management, humanities, and law. With a strong emphasis on practical application and innovation, BIT has become a leader in research and development, contributing significantly to China’s technological advancements.
China University of Political Science and Law (CUPL) is a prestigious institution dedicated to legal education and research. Founded in 1952, CUPL has played a crucial role in shaping China’s legal system and fostering legal professionals. With a focus on interdisciplinary studies and practical training, CUPL prepares students for careers in law, public administration, and international relations.
Dalian University of Technology (DUT) is located in the coastal city of Dalian, known for its strong engineering programs and research initiatives. Established in 1949, DUT has become a key player in China’s industrial and technological landscape. With state-of-the-art facilities and a commitment to innovation, DUT collaborates closely with industry partners to address real-world challenges and drive economic development.
Northeast Normal University (NENU) is situated in the city of Changchun and is recognized for its excellence in teacher education and liberal arts. Founded in 1946, NENU has a long-standing tradition of producing outstanding educators and scholars. With a focus on fostering critical thinking and cultural exchange, NENU offers a diverse range of programs in education, humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences, making it a vibrant hub for intellectual exploration and academic excellence in Northeast China.
Each of these universities represents a unique facet of China’s educational landscape, contributing to the nation’s development and global competitiveness in different ways. From technological innovation to legal expertise, from engineering excellence to liberal arts education, these institutions play a vital role in shaping the future of China and the world.
1. What do DUT and BIT have in common
A. Their research focus on social sciences.
B. They are located in provincial capital.
C. They both emphasize the innovation.
D. They are both comprehensive universities.
2. What is Northeast Normal University recognized for
A. Excellence in engineering programs and research.
B. Strong emphasis on practical application and innovation.
C. Outstanding achievements in teacher education and liberal arts.
D. Commitment to addressing world challenge and driving economic development.
3. If a high school student specializing in physics wants to have an international perspective, which university does he probably choose
A. Beijing Institute of Technology
B. China University of Political Science and Law
C. Dalian University of Technology
D. Northeast Normal University
B
There are three kinds of people in this world. Those who love Butter Chicken, those who think Butter Chicken is overrated and those who have never tasted Butter Chicken. Of all of these, I feel deep sorrow for the third kind. It is a loss of gigantic proportions, in my opinion.
Delhi, arguably the culinary (烹饪的) capital of India, owes a large part of its flavour heritage to the Mughals (印度贵族). Butter Chicken, however, has far more humble origins, and was born far closer to home. It only dates back a couple of decades to pre-partition India, and its story takes us to a sweet-shop, owned by an elderly gentleman called Mokha. It was here that young Gujral worked, where he helped invent the Tandoori Chicken that we all love today. Yes, you heard that right, this story also includes the invention of the famous Tandoori Chicken.
There came a time when Mokha’s health dropped and he eventually sold the shop to Gujral who renamed it as Moti Mahal. As a sharp businessman, Gujral realized that the Tandoori Chicken hanging above the tandoor (印度烤炉) all day would tend to dry out if unsold. He then came up with the genius idea of creating a basic sauces with tomatoes, butter, cream and some spices to immerse the Tandoori Chicken pieces in, helping them regain moisture and become tasty again. And thus, was born the Butter chicken.
When India was partitioned, Gujral moved to Delhi and so did Moti Mahal, with Butter Chicken and Tandoori Chicken in tow. The small outlet grew fast and now, almost 70 years later, it has a successful chain of restaurants with outlets far and wide, managed by his grandson, Monish. A few years back, when I was reviewing Masala Library in Mumbai, I was surprised to find Butter Chicken on the tasting menu. What started then, is now a full-fledged movement to take the humble dish and reinvent or present it in innovation. Today, you will find Butter Chicken tacos, pizzas, rolls, burgers, biryani and just about everything you can think of. I bet when Gujral invented Butter Chicken, little did he know that he was creating history, in a way.
4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean
A. subtle B. economic C. dietary D. enormous
5. What do we know about Gujral according to the text
A. He invented the Tandoori Chicken as well as Butter Chicken single-handedly.
B. His grandson Monish, managed to move Moti Mahal and Butter Chicken to Delhi.
C. His inspiration of Butter chicken came from the unsold Tandoori Chicken.
D. He took over the shop from Mokha when India was partitioned.
6. The author’s experience in the Masala Library is mentioned to ________.
A. explain his passion for Butter Chicken
B. show the popularity of Butter Chicken
C. indicate his satisfaction with the library
D. recommend a place to eat Butter chicken
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The history of an Indian loved cuisine—Butter Chicken
B. The legend of a history-made hero—Gujral
C. The innovation of a humble Indian dish—Butter Chicken
D. The visit to the culinary capital—Delhi
C
In Belgium, a company called HydroVolta is improving ways to take salt water and turn it into fresh water under the Horizon-funded SonixED project.
The vast majority of the earth’s water is salt water. Only 3% is fresh water and less than one third of that is accessible, the rest being locked away in glaciers and groundwater. “We will need to treat salt water so people can drink it and industry can use it,” said George Brik, chief executive officer of Hydro Volta. “But with current technologies, desalination (脱盐) requires high operational costs. On top of that, existing technologies use high amounts of energy and chemicals.”
The basic technique now to turn salt water into fresh water is electrodialysis (电渗析), where a kind of membrane (隔膜) is used to separate salt from water. But the method has a weak point: the membrane gets dirty easily and requires chemicals and high pressure to clean. That in turn involves large amounts of energy. Under SonixED, HydroVolta has developed ultrasound technology that keeps the membrane clean in a much more efficient way.
Energy use in this field depends on pressure, which is measured in a metric unit known as bar. Existing technologies to desalinate seawater take around 50 to 80 bar, while the new desalination technology uses just one to three bar. What’s even better is that a greater amount of fresh water can now be generated. “Existing technologies waste around 60% to 65% of the seawater that’s taken in,” said Brik. “Our new technology improves the situation. If we take in 100 litres of seawater, we can produce 65 litres of drinkable water.”
HydroVolta thinks this technology will be beneficial to larger companies that generate drinkable water as well as to industrial businesses that need water to fuel their operations. Meanwhile, Brik says the new desalination technology may need a push from governments to encourage a bigger demand. “They can be the first customers,” he added.
8. What do George Brik’s words in Paragraph 2 imply
A. Treating salt water is of great importance.
B. The world is facing a serious water shortage.
C. Better desalination technologies are needed.
D. Current desalination technologies are no longer useful.
9. What is the problem with electrodialysis
A. It consumes too much energy.
B. The membrane is rare to find.
C. The water it produces is a little salty.
D. It requires complex ultrasound technology.
10. What do we know about the new desalination technology
A. It takes more energy than existing technologies.
B. It produces clean water more efficiently.
C. It gives up the use of membrane to function.
D. It needs more seawater to produce fresh water.
11. Which statement will Brik probably agree with
A. HydroVolta can solve the water crisis worldwide.
B. The new desalination technology needs official support.
C HydroVolta has great difficulty in finding its first customers.
D. The new desalination technology is unsuited to small companies.
D
The power of human language comes not only from the precision of its signals and the complexity of its grammar but also from its links to cognition (认知). Babies as young as 3 months have begun to link language and core cognitive capacities.
Previous work in the lab had found that for babies aged 3 to 4 months, listening to both human vocalizations (发声) (their native language) and non-human primate vocalizations (calls of monkeys) boosted cognition. It remained unknown whether all human languages would have this advantageous effect.
In a new study, the researchers considered English-acquiring 3-to 4-month-old babies’ responses to two non-native languages (German or Cantonese)—in the context of the classic object categorization task. In this cognitive task, babies first viewed a series of “familiarization” images from one object category (e.g., dinosaurs). Then they viewed two new “test” images at the same time: a new example from the familiarized category (e.g., another dinosaur; “a familiar object”) and a new model from a novel category (e.g., a fish; “a novel object”). Babies’ ability to distinguish between the familiar and novel test images, measured by their looking times, indicates whether they have formed the object category.
Crucially, babies’ success in the task depends upon the sound information that accompanies the visual images presented during familiarization. “We found that German, which is phonologically (音系地) ‘near’ to English, facilitated object categorization. But Cantonese, which is phonologically ‘distant’, did not,” said Danielle Perszyk, lead author of the study.
“Babies’ responses to the two non-native languages tested, considered in combination with their responses to English and to the sounds of monkeys，are consistent with the possibility that babies’ earliest links to cognition originate from two distinct mechanisms. Only one of them is used specifically for human speech,” she added.
When babies are 3 to 4 months old, vocalizations of non-human primates may boost their cognition by engaging another system, one not specialized for speech. However, the cognitive advantage is short-lived: only lasts for 2 to 3months. The study also provides the first evidence that babies’ increasingly precise cognitive tuning to the sounds of their native language sets restrictions on the range of human languages they will link to cognition.
12. What can we know about babies aged 3 to 4 months according to previous work
A. They get a cognitive bonus after exposure to animal sounds.
B. They can tell human languages from those of animals.
C. They have a gift for mastering diverse languages.
D. They show no interest in non-native languages.
13. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. An evaluation of babies’ learning ability.
B. A story regarding babies’ ability to distinguish images.
C. An experiment on babies’ ways of native language learning.
D. An object categorization experiment on babies’ cognitive link.
14. Which of the following may Danielle Perszyk agree with
A. People may prefer certain languages at a young age.
B. Babies may adopt different systems to build cognitive links.
C. Babies’ cognitive links are dependent on their learning habits.
D. People can develop early cognitive links through familiar languages.
15. What may babies’ precise cognitive tuning to sounds of their native language bring about
A. Improving their speech processing system.
B. Enhancing their desire to pick up new languages.
C. Limiting their cognitive associations with other languages.
D. Affecting their ability to distinguish between different languages.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两个为多余选项。
Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons (陶土飞靶)”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games. ____16____
Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. ____17____ The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”.
Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. ____18____ For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity.
____19____ Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment.
Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. ____20____ But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience.
A. Why do people love skeet shooting
B. At last, the game was called skeet shooting.
C. How can one participate in the sport at home
D. Unfortunately, no recommended name was chosen.
E. Sure, some people might have a natural talent for it.
F. There are many clubs offering skeet shooting in America.
G. Therefore, many countries attach much importance to it.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
David Cote, then CEO of Honeywell, shared the pros and cons of hiring a CEO with experience in the role. Experience can make directors feel more ____21____ at a candidate, but the question is: Does he or she have the ____22____ to make a difference If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. So in many cases, experience is ____23____.
Are inexperienced CEOs more likely to have hunger than others If they have no real reputation, they’ll be more likely to be driven to ____24____. For example, when Cote was CEO of Honeywell, some leaders said to him they didn’t know if the company could be ____25____—and that even if it could be, they weren’t sure whether he was the ____26____ to do it because he was not their first choice. Those comments just ____27____ his hunger. He decided to impress them.
Does the finding that previous CEO experience can hurt a person’s performance ____28____ you An experienced CEO might say, “I am ____29____ in this work, so I know how to settle it.” Rushing to conclusions tends to ____30____ an experienced CEO to all facts and opinions. People will ____31____ act according to their own experience, which is an instinct (天性). So sometimes experience can be a(n) ____32____.
Rather than a fundamentally necessary factor for a CEO, ____33____ is simply the icing (糖霜) on the cake. The hunger ____34____ it. Nobody knows the future. It’s more important to hire somebody eager to ____35____ things, regardless of their experience.
21. A. annoyed B. generous C. concerned D. relieved
22. A. knowledge B. desire C. doubt D. opinion
23. A. overrated B. offered C. broadened D. ignored
24. A. succeed B. adapt C. quit D. resist
25. A. taken in B. looked into C. given up D. turned around
26. A. settler B. talent C. reporter D. maintainer
27 A. balanced B. controlled C. increased D. spoiled
28. A. shame B. shape C. serve D. shock
29. A. expert B. disappointed C. honest D. engaged
30. A. accustom B. blind C. expose D. attach
31. A. effectively B. unwillingly C. unconsciously D. cautiously
32. A. disadvantage B. reminder C. alternative D. privilege
33. A. openness B. honesty C. experience D. leadership
34. A. limits B. outweighs C. follows D. defines
35. A. bring about B. turn to C. make up D. figure out
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Labor Day
How’s this for a strange idea: a day off from work in honor of work____36____(it) Actually, that is ____37____ Labor Day, celebrated in the United States and Canada on the first Monday of every September, is all about.
The ____38____(one) American Labor Day was celebrated in New York City on September 5th,1882, as thousands of workers and their families came to Union Square for a day in the park. There were picnics and a parade, ____39____ there were also protests. The workers had gathered, not just to rest and celebrate, but to demand fair wages, the end of child labor, and the right____40____(organize) into unions.
During the period known as The Industrial Revolution, many jobs were difficult and dangerous. People worked for twelve hours, six days a week, ____41____ extra benefits, and if you were young, chances are you were doing manual labor instead of your ABCs and fractions. Children as young as ten worked in some of ____42____(dangerous) places. In the following years, the idea of Labor Day caught on. But then came the violent Haymarket Square Riot (暴乱) of 1886, which led to many deaths in Chicago. After that, many groups began to mark Haymarket Square on May 1st, which became known as International Workers’ Day.
But in spite of this new holiday, it was a long time before the changes that workers wanted ____43____(become) a reality. At present, as America and Canada celebrate Labor Day, most of the two____44____(country) children enjoy a day off from school. But it is important to remember that there was a time when every day was a labor day for children in America, and _____45_____(unfortunate), the same fact remains true for millions of children around the world today.
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际越野赛（cross-country race）的负责人李华，请你给参与比赛的外国朋友发一封电子邮件，告知原定于下周五举行的越野赛有所变化，内容包括：
1.告知变化；2.解释原因；3.相关安排。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear foreign friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My daughter Kathy’s birthday was approaching. Last Sunday, in the early morning, she asked me whether I’d buy her a birthday gift.
I said, “Of course. And to buy the gift, I decide to sell your never-to-be-used-again baby things that still look new and useful. Will you allow it ” She immediately agreed and began sorting out her baby stuff. My husband Sam gladly joined us. Soon, we gathered the stuff well enough. I decided to take them to the second-hand market in the following week and then use the money collected to buy Kathy the bike she dreamed about.
Thinking about that, I waved Kathy and Sam goodbye and left for the local hospital to visit an ill friend there. After twenty-five minutes of drive, I arrived. And after seeing my friend, I went to turn in my visitor’s pass at the hospital desk. There, I overheard an argument between a receptionist (接待员) and a worried and disappointed man whose clothes were a little worn out. The receptionist was explaining that his newborn girl couldn’t leave the hospital without an infant car seat.
Confused, the man asked, “What’s on earth an infant car seat How much can one cost ” Based on his accent and appearance, I guessed he probably was new here. While I observed the man, the receptionist told him, “Sir, it’s a soft seat made specifically to protect infants and younger babies in a vehicle. It can be easily put in the vehicle. The price often ranges from 70 dollars to 550 dollars.”
So upset, the man said, “Where can I get such a seat at this time and where can I get the money to buy one ” “I’m sorry, sir, but this is what the state law requires. Nobody can take a baby out of the hospital without that seat,” the receptionist said. “Your wife can go home with you today, but the baby can’t leave unless she’s in a car seat.”
My daughter just had an infant car seat, which I had planned to sell. Finding the man looked so helpless, I wondered whether to give him Kathy’s seat for free.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
While debating with myself, I thought about my late mom who never hesitated to help strangers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the man and I got to my house, Sam and Kathy felt surprised.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________沈阳二中24届高三第四次模拟考试
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题；从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want to do
A. Quit his job at once. B. Ask for a pay raise. C. Continue his current job.
2. Which of the following does the man grow in his yard
A. Flowers. B. Vegetables. C. Fruit trees.
3 Where does the conversation take place
A. On the phone. B. On the plane. C. At the ticket office.
4. Why is the man unhappy with Elena
A. She didn’t get a good score in a test.
B. She was absent from class yesterday.
C. She talked to her deskmate in class.
5. What is the weather like now
A. Stormy. B. Dull. C. Sunny.
第二节（共15题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did Dylan go last July
A. To Australia. B. To America. C. To Britain.
7. What did Dylan do to the bird
A. He took it on a trip. B. He chased it. C. He fed it.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Who is probably the man
A A student. B. A journalist. C. A bank clerk.
9. What will the woman do next Saturday
A. Go to a bookstore. B. Conduct an interview. C. Meet her classmates.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Advertise the goods in advance.
B. Transport the products earlier.
C. Wait for some days.
11. How long will the third-party testing take
A. About 10 days. B. About 14 days. C. About 20 days.
12. How will one-fifth of the goods be delivered first
A. By plane. B. By rail. C. By sea.
13. What does the man think of the woman’s plan at last
A. It’s strange. B. It’s impractical. C. It’s reasonable.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. What to do before attending a trade fair.
B. How to arrange a business meeting.
C. How to make a perfect travel plan.
15. How many ideas does the woman mention
A. 5. B. 4. C. 3.
16. What is the woman’s last idea
A. Getting some time to rest.
B. Contacting a travel agent in advance.
C. Learning about British culture.
17. What does the woman plan to do next
A. Put forward some other ideas.
B. Have a talk with her leader.
C. Invite someone to give a lecture.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When did dian cha become an intangible cultural heritage
A. In 2006. B. In 2016. C. In 2019.
19. How did Han Zheming promote dian cha culture
A. By putting the process of dian cha on social media.
B. By offering some relevant courses for free.
C. By opening teahouses in different places.
20. What can we learn from the talk
A. Han Zheming started learning dian cha in college.
B. Dian cha is a tea art form from the Tang Dynasty.
C. The whole process of dian cha must be finished within 10 minutes.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Four Universities in Northern Part of China
Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) is a renowned institution located in the heart of China’s capital, Beijing. Established in 1940, BIT has grown into a comprehensive university offering a wide range of disciplines, including engineering, science, management, humanities, and law. With a strong emphasis on practical application and innovation, BIT has become a leader in research and development, contributing significantly to China’s technological advancements.
China University of Political Science and Law (CUPL) is a prestigious institution dedicated to legal education and research. Founded in 1952, CUPL has played a crucial role in shaping China’s legal system and fostering legal professionals. With a focus on interdisciplinary studies and practical training, CUPL prepares students for careers in law, public administration, and international relations.
Dalian University of Technology (DUT) is located in the coastal city of Dalian, known for its strong engineering programs and research initiatives. Established in 1949, DUT has become a key player in China’s industrial and technological landscape. With state-of-the-art facilities and a commitment to innovation, DUT collaborates closely with industry partners to address real-world challenges and drive economic development.
Northeast Normal University (NENU) is situated in the city of Changchun and is recognized for its excellence in teacher education and liberal arts. Founded in 1946, NENU has a long-standing tradition of producing outstanding educators and scholars. With a focus on fostering critical thinking and cultural exchange, NENU offers a diverse range of programs in education, humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences, making it a vibrant hub for intellectual exploration and academic excellence in Northeast China.
Each of these universities represents a unique facet of China’s educational landscape, contributing to the nation’s development and global competitiveness in different ways. From technological innovation to legal expertise, from engineering excellence to liberal arts education, these institutions play a vital role in shaping the future of China and the world.
1. What do DUT and BIT have in common
A. Their research focus on social sciences.
B. They are located in provincial capital.
C. They both emphasize the innovation.
D. They are both comprehensive universities.
2. What is Northeast Normal University recognized for
A. Excellence in engineering programs and research.
B. Strong emphasis on practical application and innovation.
C. Outstanding achievements in teacher education and liberal arts.
D. Commitment to addressing world challenge and driving economic development.
3. If a high school student specializing in physics wants to have an international perspective, which university does he probably choose
A. Beijing Institute of Technology
B. China University of Political Science and Law
C. Dalian University of Technology
D. Northeast Normal University
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国北方四所著名大学。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“With a strong emphasis on practical application and innovation, BIT has become a leader in research and development, contributing significantly to China’s technological advancements.(北京理工大学非常重视实际应用和创新，已成为研究和开发的领导者，为中国的技术进步做出了重大贡献。)”和第三段的“With state-of-the-art facilities and a commitment to innovation, DUT collaborates closely with industry partners to address real-world challenges and drive economic development.(大连理工大学拥有最先进的设施并致力于创新，与行业合作伙伴密切合作，应对现实世界的挑战，推动经济发展。)”可知，北京理工大学和大连理工大学的共同之处是它们都重视创新。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Northeast Normal University (NENU) is situated in the city of Changchun and is recognized for its excellence in teacher education and liberal arts. (东北师范大学位于长春市，以其优秀的教师教育和人文教育而闻名。) ”可知，东北师范大学以在教师教育和人文科学方面有突出成就而闻名。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) is a renowned institution located in the heart of China’s capital, Beijing. Established in 1940, BIT has grown into a comprehensive university offering a wide range of disciplines, including engineering, science, management, humanities, and law. With a strong emphasis on practical application and innovation, BIT has become a leader in research and development, contributing significantly to China’s technological advancements.(北京理工大学成立于1940年，现已发展成为一所学科门类齐全的综合性大学，包括工程、科学、管理、人文和法律。北京理工大学非常重视实际应用和创新，已成为研究和开发的领导者，为中国的技术进步做出了重大贡献。)”可知，文章中描述了北京理工大学提供包括工程和科学在内的广泛学科。物理属于科学范畴，北京理工大学很可能提供与此领域相关的国际交流和机会，与学生的兴趣相契合。因此，如果一个专注于高中物理的学生希望获得国际视野，他可能会选择北京理工大学。故选A。
B
There are three kinds of people in this world. Those who love Butter Chicken, those who think Butter Chicken is overrated and those who have never tasted Butter Chicken. Of all of these, I feel deep sorrow for the third kind. It is a loss of gigantic proportions, in my opinion.
Delhi, arguably the culinary (烹饪的) capital of India, owes a large part of its flavour heritage to the Mughals (印度贵族). Butter Chicken, however, has far more humble origins, and was born far closer to home. It only dates back a couple of decades to pre-partition India, and its story takes us to a sweet-shop, owned by an elderly gentleman called Mokha. It was here that young Gujral worked, where he helped invent the Tandoori Chicken that we all love today. Yes, you heard that right, this story also includes the invention of the famous Tandoori Chicken.
There came a time when Mokha’s health dropped and he eventually sold the shop to Gujral who renamed it as Moti Mahal. As a sharp businessman, Gujral realized that the Tandoori Chicken hanging above the tandoor (印度烤炉) all day would tend to dry out if unsold. He then came up with the genius idea of creating a basic sauces with tomatoes, butter, cream and some spices to immerse the Tandoori Chicken pieces in, helping them regain moisture and become tasty again. And thus, was born the Butter chicken.
When India was partitioned, Gujral moved to Delhi and so did Moti Mahal, with Butter Chicken and Tandoori Chicken in tow. The small outlet grew fast and now, almost 70 years later, it has a successful chain of restaurants with outlets far and wide, managed by his grandson, Monish. A few years back, when I was reviewing Masala Library in Mumbai, I was surprised to find Butter Chicken on the tasting menu. What started then, is now a full-fledged movement to take the humble dish and reinvent or present it in innovation. Today, you will find Butter Chicken tacos, pizzas, rolls, burgers, biryani and just about everything you can think of. I bet when Gujral invented Butter Chicken, little did he know that he was creating history, in a way.
4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 mean
A. subtle B. economic C. dietary D. enormous
5. What do we know about Gujral according to the text
A. He invented the Tandoori Chicken as well as Butter Chicken single-handedly.
B. His grandson, Monish, managed to move Moti Mahal and Butter Chicken to Delhi.
C. His inspiration of Butter chicken came from the unsold Tandoori Chicken.
D. He took over the shop from Mokha when India was partitioned.
6. The author’s experience in the Masala Library is mentioned to ________.
A. explain his passion for Butter Chicken
B. show the popularity of Butter Chicken
C. indicate his satisfaction with the library
D. recommend a place to eat Butter chicken
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The history of an Indian loved cuisine—Butter Chicken
B. The legend of a history-made hero—Gujral
C. The innovation of a humble Indian dish—Butter Chicken
D. The visit to the culinary capital—Delhi
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度著名菜肴黄油鸡的起源和发展历程以及受欢迎程度。
4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段的“There are three kinds of people in this world. Those who love Butter Chicken, those who think Butter Chicken is overrated and those who have never tasted Butter Chicken. Of all of these, I feel deep sorrow for the third kind. It is a loss of gigantic proportions, in my opinion. (这个世界上有三种人。那些喜欢黄油鸡的人，那些认为黄油鸡被高估的人以及那些从未品尝过黄油鸡的人。在所有这些人中，我对第三种人感到深深的悲伤。在我看来，这是一个……损失。)”可知，作者为没有品尝过黄油鸡的人感到悲伤，因此坐作者认为这是一个巨大的损失，因此划线词意为“巨大的”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“As a sharp businessman, Gujral realized that the Tandoori Chicken hanging above the tandoor all day would tend to dry out if unsold. He then came up with the genius idea of creating a basic sauces with tomatoes, butter, cream and some spices to immerse the Tandoori Chicken pieces in, helping them regain moisture and become tasty again. And thus, was born the Butter chicken. (作为一个精明的商人，Gujral意识到整天悬挂在印度烤炉上方的唐杜里鸡如果卖不出去就会变干。然后，他想出了一个天才的主意，用西红柿、黄油、奶油和一些香料制作一种基本的酱汁，把唐杜里鸡肉片浸在里面，帮助它们恢复水分，使其重新变得美味。黄油鸡就这样诞生了。) ”可知， Gujral 制作黄油鸡的灵感来自未售出的唐杜里鸡 。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A few years back, when I was reviewing Masala Library in Mumbai, I was surprised to find Butter Chicken on the tasting menu. (几年前，当我在孟买的马萨拉图书馆评审时，我惊讶地发现菜单上有黄油鸡。)”可知，作者在马萨拉图书馆开展工作时看到了菜单上有黄油鸡，这说明黄油鸡是受人们的普遍欢迎的。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段的“Butter Chicken, however, has far more humble origins, and was born far closer to home. It only dates back a couple of decades to pre-partition India, and its story takes us to a sweet-shop, owned by an elderly gentleman called Mokha. It was here that young Gujral worked, where he helped invent the Tandoori Chicken that we all love today. (然而，黄油鸡的出身要卑微得多，而且出生在离家更近的地方。它只追溯到印度分治前的几十年，它的故事把我们带到了一家糖果店，店主是一位名叫Mokha的老人。年轻的Gujral就是在这里工作的，他在那里帮助发明了我们今天都喜欢的唐杜里鸡肉。)”和第三段的“As a sharp businessman, Gujral realized that the Tandoori Chicken hanging above the tandoor all day would tend to dry out if unsold. He then came up with the genius idea of creating a basic sauces with tomatoes, butter, cream and some spices to immerse the Tandoori Chicken pieces in, helping them regain moisture and become tasty again. And thus, was born the Butter chicken. (作为一个精明的商人，Gujral意识到整天悬挂在印度烤炉上方的唐杜里鸡如果卖不出去就会变干。然后，他想出了一个天才的主意，用西红柿、黄油、奶油和一些香料制作一种基本的酱汁，把唐杜里鸡肉片浸在里面，帮助它们恢复水分，使其重新变得美味。黄油鸡就这样诞生了。) ”可知，根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了印度著名菜肴黄油鸡的起源和发展历程，因此选择A选项“印度人喜爱的菜肴——黄油鸡的历史”作为标题是合适的。故选A。
C
In Belgium, a company called HydroVolta is improving ways to take salt water and turn it into fresh water under the Horizon-funded SonixED project.
The vast majority of the earth’s water is salt water. Only 3% is fresh water and less than one third of that is accessible, the rest being locked away in glaciers and groundwater. “We will need to treat salt water so people can drink it and industry can use it,” said George Brik, chief executive officer of Hydro Volta. “But with current technologies, desalination (脱盐) requires high operational costs. On top of that, existing technologies use high amounts of energy and chemicals.”
The basic technique now to turn salt water into fresh water is electrodialysis (电渗析), where a kind of membrane (隔膜) is used to separate salt from water. But the method has a weak point: the membrane gets dirty easily and requires chemicals and high pressure to clean. That in turn involves large amounts of energy. Under SonixED, HydroVolta has developed ultrasound technology that keeps the membrane clean in a much more efficient way.
Energy use in this field depends on pressure, which is measured in a metric unit known as bar. Existing technologies to desalinate seawater take around 50 to 80 bar, while the new desalination technology uses just one to three bar. What’s even better is that a greater amount of fresh water can now be generated. “Existing technologies waste around 60% to 65% of the seawater that’s taken in,” said Brik. “Our new technology improves the situation. If we take in 100 litres of seawater, we can produce 65 litres of drinkable water.”
HydroVolta thinks this technology will be beneficial to larger companies that generate drinkable water as well as to industrial businesses that need water to fuel their operations. Meanwhile, Brik says the new desalination technology may need a push from governments to encourage a bigger demand. “They can be the first customers,” he added.
8. What do George Brik’s words in Paragraph 2 imply
A. Treating salt water is of great importance.
B. The world is facing a serious water shortage.
C. Better desalination technologies are needed.
D. Current desalination technologies are no longer useful.
9. What is the problem with electrodialysis
A. It consumes too much energy.
B. The membrane is rare to find.
C. The water it produces is a little salty.
D. It requires complex ultrasound technology.
10. What do we know about the new desalination technology
A. It takes more energy than existing technologies.
B. It produces clean water more efficiently.
C. It gives up the use of membrane to function.
D. It needs more seawater to produce fresh water.
11. Which statement will Brik probably agree with
A. HydroVolta can solve the water crisis worldwide.
B. The new desalination technology needs official support.
C. HydroVolta has great difficulty in finding its first customers.
D. The new desalination technology is unsuited to small companies.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了比利时一家公司改进了将海水转化为淡水的方法，新技术的优势包括减少能源消耗、提高淡水产量以及降低操作成本。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的““We will need to treat salt water so people can drink it and industry can use it,” said George Brik, chief executive officer of Hydro Volta. “But with current technologies, desalination requires high operational costs. On top of that, existing technologies use high amounts of energy and chemicals.”(“我们需要对盐水进行处理，以便人们可以饮用，工业可以使用，”Hydro Volta的首席执行官乔治·布里克说。“但以目前的技术，海水淡化需要很高的运营成本。最重要的是，现有技术使用大量的能源和化学品。”)”可推知，乔治·布里克在第二段的话暗示了需要更好的海水淡化技术。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The basic technique now to turn salt water into fresh water is electrodialysis, where a kind of membrane is used to separate salt from water. But the method has a weak point: the membrane gets dirty easily and requires chemicals and high pressure to clean. That in turn involves large amounts of energy. Under SonixED, HydroVolta has developed ultrasound technology that keeps the membrane clean in a much more efficient way.(现在将盐水转化为淡水的基本技术是电渗析，其中使用一种膜将盐从水中分离出来。但是这种方法有一个弱点：膜很容易脏，需要化学物质和高压来清洁。这反过来又消耗大量的能源) ”可知，电渗析的问题在于它消耗了太多的能量。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Energy use in this field depends on pressure, which is measured in a metric unit known as bar. Existing technologies to desalinate seawater take around 50 to 80 bar, while the new desalination technology uses just one to three bar. What’s even better is that a greater amount of fresh water can now be generated. “Existing technologies waste around 60% to 65% of the seawater that’s taken in,” said Brik. “Our new technology improves the situation. If we take in 100 litres of seawater, we can produce 65 litres of drinkable water.”(该领域的能源使用取决于压力，压力是用公制单位“巴”来测量的。现有的海水淡化技术大约需要50到80巴，而新的海水淡化技术只需要1到3巴。更好的是，现在可以产生更多的淡水。布里克说：“现有的技术浪费了大约60%到65%的海水。“我们的新技术改善了这种情况。如果我们吸收100升海水，我们可以生产65升饮用水。”)”可知，新的海水淡化技术能更有效地生产干净的水。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“HydroVolta thinks this technology will be beneficial to larger companies that generate drinkable water as well as to industrial businesses that need water to fuel their operations. Meanwhile, Brik says the new desalination technology may need a push from governments to encourage a bigger demand. “They can be the first customers,” he added.(HydroVolta认为这项技术将有利于生产饮用水的大公司以及需要水来为其运营提供燃料的工业企业。同时，布里克说，新的海水淡化技术可能需要政府的推动，以鼓励更大的需求。“他们可能是第一批客户，”他补充说)”可知，布里克认为新的海水淡化技术需要官方的支持。故选B。
D
The power of human language comes not only from the precision of its signals and the complexity of its grammar but also from its links to cognition (认知). Babies as young as 3 months have begun to link language and core cognitive capacities.
Previous work in the lab had found that for babies aged 3 to 4 months, listening to both human vocalizations (发声) (their native language) and non-human primate vocalizations (calls of monkeys) boosted cognition. It remained unknown whether all human languages would have this advantageous effect.
In a new study, the researchers considered English-acquiring 3-to 4-month-old babies’ responses to two non-native languages (German or Cantonese)—in the context of the classic object categorization task. In this cognitive task, babies first viewed a series of “familiarization” images from one object category (e.g., dinosaurs). Then they viewed two new “test” images at the same time: a new example from the familiarized category (e.g., another dinosaur; “a familiar object”) and a new model from a novel category (e.g., a fish; “a novel object”). Babies’ ability to distinguish between the familiar and novel test images, measured by their looking times, indicates whether they have formed the object category.
Crucially, babies’ success in the task depends upon the sound information that accompanies the visual images presented during familiarization. “We found that German, which is phonologically (音系地) ‘near’ to English, facilitated object categorization. But Cantonese, which is phonologically ‘distant’, did not,” said Danielle Perszyk, lead author of the study.
“Babies’ responses to the two non-native languages tested, considered in combination with their responses to English and to the sounds of monkeys，are consistent with the possibility that babies’ earliest links to cognition originate from two distinct mechanisms. Only one of them is used specifically for human speech,” she added.
When babies are 3 to 4 months old, vocalizations of non-human primates may boost their cognition by engaging another system, one not specialized for speech. However, the cognitive advantage is short-lived: only lasts for 2 to 3months. The study also provides the first evidence that babies’ increasingly precise cognitive tuning to the sounds of their native language sets restrictions on the range of human languages they will link to cognition.
12. What can we know about babies aged 3 to 4 months according to previous work
A. They get a cognitive bonus after exposure to animal sounds.
B. They can tell human languages from those of animals.
C. They have a gift for mastering diverse languages.
D. They show no interest in non-native languages.
13. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. An evaluation of babies’ learning ability.
B. A story regarding babies’ ability to distinguish images.
C. An experiment on babies’ ways of native language learning.
D. An object categorization experiment on babies’ cognitive link.
14. Which of the following may Danielle Perszyk agree with
A. People may prefer certain languages at a young age.
B. Babies may adopt different systems to build cognitive links.
C. Babies’ cognitive links are dependent on their learning habits.
D. People can develop early cognitive links through familiar languages.
15. What may babies’ precise cognitive tuning to sounds of their native language bring about
A. Improving their speech processing system.
B. Enhancing their desire to pick up new languages.
C. Limiting their cognitive associations with other languages.
D. Affecting their ability to distinguish between different languages.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了婴儿语言习得和认知发展之间的关系。
12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previous work in the lab had found that for babies aged 3 to 4 months, listening to both human vocalizations (their native language) and non-human primate vocalizations (calls of monkeys) boosted cognition. It remained unknown whether all human languages would have this advantageous effect.(实验室之前的研究发现，对于3到4个月大的婴儿来说，既听人类的声音(他们的母语)，也听非人类灵长类动物的声音(猴子的叫声)，都能提高他们的认知能力)”可知，根据之前的研究，3到4个月大的婴儿在听到动物的声音后，他们的认知能力得到了提升。 故选A。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的“In a new study, the researchers considered English-acquiring 3-to 4-month-old babies’ responses to two non-native languages (German or Cantonese) — in the context of the classic object categorization task. In this cognitive task, babies first viewed a series of “familiarization” images from one object category (e.g., dinosaurs). Then they viewed two new “test” images at the same time: a new example from the familiarized category (e.g., another dinosaur; “a familiar object”) and a new model from a novel category (e.g., a fish; “a novel object”). Babies’ ability to distinguish between the familiar and novel test images, measured by their looking times, indicates whether they have formed the object category.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员考虑了3到4个月大的英语习得婴儿对两种非母语(德语或广东话)的反应——在经典的对象分类任务的背景下。在这个认知任务中，婴儿首先观看一系列来自一个物体类别的“熟悉”图像(例如，恐龙)。然后他们同时观看两个新的“测试”图像：一个来自熟悉类别的新例子(例如，另一只恐龙；“一个熟悉的物体”)和一个来自新类别的新模型(例如，一条鱼；“一个新奇的物体”)。婴儿区分熟悉的和新的测试图像的能力，通过他们看的时间来衡量，表明他们是否已经形成了物体类别) ”可知，该段主要讨论的是一个物体分类的实验，用来观察 3 到 4 个月大的婴儿在不同语言环境下的认知联系。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““Babies’ responses to the two non-native languages tested, considered in combination with their responses to English and to the sounds of monkeys, are consistent with the possibility that babies’ earliest links to cognition originate from two distinct mechanisms. Only one of them is used specifically for human speech,” she added.(“结合婴儿对英语和猴子声音的反应，他们对测试的这两种非母语语言的反应与婴儿最早的认知联系源于两种不同机制的可能性是一致的。其中只有一个是专门用于人类语言的，”她补充道)”可知， Danielle Perszyk 表示，婴儿可能会采用不同的系统来建立认知联系，其中一个特别用于人类语言。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The study also provides the first evidence that babies’ increasingly precise cognitive tuning to the sounds of their native language sets restrictions on the range of human languages they will link to cognition.(这项研究也提供了第一个证据，证明婴儿对母语声音的日益精确的认知调整，限制了他们将与认知联系起来的人类语言的范围)”可知，婴儿对母语声音的精确认知调整可能会限制他们对其他语言的认知联系。故选C。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两个为多余选项。
Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons (陶土飞靶)”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games. ____16____
Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once, a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. ____17____ The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”.
Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. ____18____ For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity.
____19____ Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment.
Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. ____20____ But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience.
A. Why do people love skeet shooting
B. At last, the game was called skeet shooting.
C. How can one participate in the sport at home
D. Unfortunately, no recommended name was chosen.
E. Sure, some people might have a natural talent for it.
F. There are many clubs offering skeet shooting in America.
G. Therefore, many countries attach much importance to it.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了双向飞碟射击的基本概念、历史背景、参与方式以及对人们的吸引力。
【16题详解】
根据上文的“Skeet shooting is a type of target sport in which the shooter uses a special gun to hit moving clay target, which are sometimes referred to as “clay pigeons ”. This target sport is an important, competitive sport in the Olympic games.(双向飞碟射击是一种射击运动，射击者用一种特殊的枪击中移动的陶土目标，有时也被称为“陶土飞靶”。这一目标项目是奥运会中一项重要的竞技项目。)”可知，双向飞碟射击在奥运会中是有着重要地位的，G项(因此，许多国家都非常重视它。)承接上文，说明了因为其重要，所以很多国家重视它，语意通顺，故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文的“Skeet shooting was invented by the bird hunter in the early nineteenth century under the original name of “clock shooting”. The game was changed slightly and reached a wider audience over the coming years. Once, a competition was held to determine a new name for this shooting game. (双向飞碟射击是19世纪早期猎鸟人发明的，最初的名字是“时钟射击”。在接下来的几年里，游戏进行了轻微的改变，吸引了更多的观众。有一次，人们举行了一场比赛，为这种射击游戏取一个新名字。)”和下文的“The term “skeet” is a Scandinavian word meaning “to shoot”.(skeet这个词是斯堪的纳维亚语，意思是“射击”。)”可知，B项(最后，这种游戏被称为双向飞碟射击。)承接上文，介绍了双向飞碟射击名字的由来，下文在解释名字中“skeet”一词的含义，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据上文的“Today, skeet shooting is as American as apple pie and McDonald’s. At first, fans of the sport were male, but now, a fair number of women also love skeet shooting. (今天，双向飞碟射击就像苹果派和麦当劳一样具有美国特色。起初，这项运动的粉丝是男性，但现在，相当数量的女性也喜欢双向飞碟射击。)”和下文的“For friends or families, skeet shooting at a sporting club can be a fun activity.(对于朋友或家人来说，在体育俱乐部里进行双向飞碟射击是一项有趣的活动。)”可知，A项(人们为什么喜欢双向飞碟射击？)承接上文，就人们喜欢双向飞碟射击提出问题，下文指出了人们喜欢它的原因，故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据下文的“Generally, people will need to purchase related equipment, including something guaranteeing personal safety such as safety glasses. And they’d better have a large, private yard. If the players have never done shooting of any kind before, they should also take a safety course, which will teach them about the proper use and storage of the equipment.(一般来说，人们需要购买相关的设备，包括保证人身安全的东西，比如安全眼镜。他们最好有一个大的私人院子。如果球员以前从未做过任何类型的射击，他们也应该参加安全课程，这将教他们如何正确使用和储存设备。)”可知，这些内容是在解释说明人们如何在家进行双向飞碟射击活动，这是在回答C项(如何在家参加体育运动？)提出的问题，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文的“Like most skills, skeet shooting takes a lot of patience and practice. (像大多数技能一样，双向飞碟射击需要大量的耐心和练习。)”和下文的“But those folks are few and far between, especially if they’ve never picked up a shotgun before. If you aren’t a patient person, that’s okay because skeet shooting can help you develop patience.(但是这些人很少，尤其是那些以前从未拿过猎枪的人。如果你不是一个有耐心的人，没关系，因为双向飞碟射击可以帮助你培养耐心。)”可知，E项(当然，有些人可能在这方面有天赋。)承接上文，说明了有天赋的人在练习双向飞碟射击技能时会有优势，与下文构成转折关系，故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
David Cote, then CEO of Honeywell, shared the pros and cons of hiring a CEO with experience in the role. Experience can make directors feel more ____21____ at a candidate, but the question is: Does he or she have the ____22____ to make a difference If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. So in many cases, experience is ____23____.
Are inexperienced CEOs more likely to have hunger than others If they have no real reputation, they’ll be more likely to be driven to ____24____. For example, when Cote was CEO of Honeywell, some leaders said to him they didn’t know if the company could be ____25____—and that even if it could be, they weren’t sure whether he was the ____26____ to do it because he was not their first choice. Those comments just ____27____ his hunger. He decided to impress them.
Does the finding that previous CEO experience can hurt a person’s performance ____28____ you An experienced CEO might say, “I am ____29____ in this work, so I know how to settle it.” Rushing to conclusions tends to ____30____ an experienced CEO to all facts and opinions. People will ____31____ act according to their own experience, which is an instinct (天性). So sometimes experience can be a(n) ____32____.
Rather than a fundamentally necessary factor for a CEO, ____33____ is simply the icing (糖霜) on the cake. The hunger ____34____ it. Nobody knows the future. It’s more important to hire somebody eager to ____35____ things, regardless of their experience.
21. A. annoyed B. generous C. concerned D. relieved
22. A. knowledge B. desire C. doubt D. opinion
23. A. overrated B. offered C. broadened D. ignored
24. A. succeed B. adapt C. quit D. resist
25. A. taken in B. looked into C. given up D. turned around
26. A. settler B. talent C. reporter D. maintainer
27. A. balanced B. controlled C. increased D. spoiled
28. A. shame B. shape C. serve D. shock
29. A. expert B. disappointed C. honest D. engaged
30. A. accustom B. blind C. expose D. attach
31. A. effectively B. unwillingly C. unconsciously D. cautiously
32. A. disadvantage B. reminder C. alternative D. privilege
33. A. openness B. honesty C. experience D. leadership
34. A. limits B. outweighs C. follows D. defines
35. A. bring about B. turn to C. make up D. figure out
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨的是关于CEO经验对公司的影响，相较于CEO的经验，渴望成功的愿望更为重要。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，但问题是：他或她是否有改变现状的愿望？A. annoyed生气的；B. generous慷慨的；C. concerned担心的；D. relieved放心的。根据上文的“David Cote, then CEO of Honeywell, shared the pros and cons of hiring a CEO with experience in the role. ”可知，具有职位经验对于首席执行官从事相应工作有利又有弊，则空格所在句讲述的是“好处”，即经验可以让董事对候选人更放心。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，但问题是：他或她是否有改变现状的愿望？A. knowledge知识；B. desire愿望；C. doubt怀疑；D. opinion观点。根据下文的“If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. ”可知，如果他们没有这种愿望，他们就不会深入研究事物。此处需要填入hunger的同义词，表示“愿望”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在很多情况下，经验被高估了。A. overrated高估；B. offered提供； C. broadened拓宽；D. ignored忽视。根据上文的“If they don’t possess that hunger, they won’t investigate things deeply. ”可知，如果他们没有这种愿望，他们就不会深入研究事物，因此在很多情况下，具有某一职位的经验的作用被高估了。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们没有真正的声誉，他们将更有可能被驱使去成功。A. succeed 成功；B. adapt使适应；C. quit放弃；D. resist抵制。根据下文的“He decided to impress them.”可知，他决定给他们留下深刻印象，因此在没有真正的声誉的时候，他们将更有可能被驱使去取得成功，第一段中的“make a difference”也是提示词。故选A项。
25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，当Cote担任Honeywell的首席执行官时，一些领导人对他说，他们不知道公司能否扭转颓势——即使可以扭转颓势，他们也不确定他是否有能力扭转颓势，因为他不是他们的首选。A. taken in吸收，欺骗；B. looked into调查；C. given up放弃；D. turned around(使)转身，(使)好转。根据下文的“because he was not their first choice”可知，一些领导者不知道公司能否被他扭转颓势，从而变好。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当Cote担任Honeywell的首席执行官时，一些领导人对他说，他们不知道公司能否扭转颓势——即使可以扭转颓势，他们也不确定他是否有能力扭转颓势，因为他不是他们的首选。A. settler 定居者；B. talent有才能的人；C. reporter记者；D. maintainer维修者。根据“because he was not their first choice”可知，一些领导者认为他不是他们的首选，因此不确定他是不是那个有能力扭转颓势的人。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些评论只会增加他的渴望。A. balanced 平衡；B. controlled控制；C. increased增加；D. spoiled破坏，宠坏。根据下文的“He decided to impress them.”可知，他决定给他们留下深刻印象，因此那些评论增加了他对成功的渴望。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前做CEO的经验会对一个人的表现有不良影响，这一发现是否让你感到震惊？A. shame使害羞；B. shape塑造；C. serve服务；D. shock震惊。根据上文的“Experience can make directors feel more...at a candidate”可知，经验可以让董事对候选人更放心，因此传统观点认为经验是好东西，而作为对比，此处提出了一个问题，即以前的经验会对一个人的表现产生不良影响，这会让人感到震惊吗？故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位有经验的CEO可能会说：“我做这项工作是有经验的，所以我知道如何解决它。”A. expert有经验的；B. disappointed失望的；C. honest真诚的；D. engaged被占用的。根据“so I know how to settle it.”可知，有经验的CEO可能会认为他（她）做这项工作是有经验的。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官对所有事实和观点失去判断力。A. accustom使习惯；B. blind使失明，使失去判断力；C. expose揭露，使面临；D. attach系，贴。根据上文的“previous CEO experience can hurt a person’s performance”可知，以前做CEO的经验会对一个人的表现有不良影响，因此急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官失去判断力。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们会不自觉地根据自己的经验行事，这是一种天性。A. effectively有效地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. unconsciously无意识地；D. cautiously小心地。根据“which is an instinct”可知，人们会无意识地根据自己的经验行事。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以有时候经验是不利的。A. disadvantage劣势；B. reminder提醒；C. alternative选择；D. privilege特权。根据“Rushing to conclusions tends to...an experienced CEO to all facts and opinions.”可知，急于下结论往往会使一位经验丰富的首席执行官对所有事实和观点失去判断力，所以有时候经验可能是一个劣势。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花。A. openness开明；B. honesty真诚；C. experience经验；D. leadership领导。根据上文的“So sometimes experience can be a(n)...”可知，有时候经验可能是一个劣势，因此对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：愿望压倒了它。A. limits限制；B. outweighs胜过，超过； C. follows跟随；D. defines下定义。根据上文的“Rather than a fundamentally necessary factor for a CEO,...is simply the icing on the cake. ”可知，对于CEO来说，经验并不是根本的必要因素，而是锦上添花，因此为做好CEO，成功的愿望需要胜过经验。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，雇佣那些渴望有所作为的人，而不管他们的经验如何。A. bring about导致，带来； B. turn to转向，求助于； C. make up构成，编造； D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文的“The hunger...it.”可知，愿望胜过经验，因此更重要的是，雇佣那些渴望有所作为的人，而不管他们的经验如何，“bring about things”意为“让事情发生或产生结果”，与句子语境相符。故选A项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Labor Day
How’s this for a strange idea: a day off from work in honor of work____36____(it) Actually, that is ____37____ Labor Day, celebrated in the United States and Canada on the first Monday of every September, is all about.
The ____38____(one) American Labor Day was celebrated in New York City on September 5th,1882, as thousands of workers and their families came to Union Square for a day in the park. There were picnics and a parade, ____39____ there were also protests. The workers had gathered, not just to rest and celebrate, but to demand fair wages, the end of child labor, and the right____40____(organize) into unions.
During the period known as The Industrial Revolution, many jobs were difficult and dangerous. People worked for twelve hours, six days a week, ____41____ extra benefits, and if you were young, chances are you were doing manual labor instead of your ABCs and fractions. Children as young as ten worked in some of ____42____(dangerous) places. In the following years, the idea of Labor Day caught on. But then came the violent Haymarket Square Riot (暴乱) of 1886, which led to many deaths in Chicago. After that, many groups began to mark Haymarket Square on May 1st, which became known as International Workers’ Day.
But in spite of this new holiday, it was a long time before the changes that workers wanted ____43____(become) a reality. At present, as America and Canada celebrate Labor Day, most of the two____44____(country) children enjoy a day off from school. But it is important to remember that there was a time when every day was a labor day for children in America, and _____45_____(unfortunate), the same fact remains true for millions of children around the world today.
【答案】36. itself
37. what 38. first
39. but 40. to organize
41. without
42. the most dangerous
43. became 44. countries
45. unfortunately
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了劳动节的由来，以及它在美国和加拿大的庆祝方式。同时，文章也提到了工业革命时期工人的艰难处境，以及他们为了争取权益所付出的努力。
【36题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：将这个想法视为一个奇怪的主意：为了纪念工作而放假一天。短语in honor of work表明工作被尊敬，因此需要用反身代词来修饰work本身。故填itself。
【37题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：实际上，这就是劳动节的全部意义。分析句子可知，这是个表语从句，在从句中，横线做about的介词宾语，所以使用what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查序数词。句意：第一个美国劳动节是在纽约市庆祝的。根据句意以及空格后American Labor Day可知，这里表示第一次庆祝，需要用序数词。故填first。
【39题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：那里有野餐和游行，但也有抗议。picnics and a parade与protests是转折关系，需要用转折连词。故填but。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：工人们聚集在一起，不仅仅是为了休息和庆祝，而是为了要求公平的工资，结束童工，并有权组织工会。the right（权力）后需要用不定式作后置定语。故填to organize。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们一周工作十二小时，六天，没有额外福利。根据句意，这里表示人们工作辛苦，但是却没有福利，应该填入一个介词，without表示没有，后面跟名词或动名词，符合题意。故填without。
【42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：年仅十岁的儿童在一些最危险的地方工作。在“some of…”这样的结构中，需要使用形容词的最高级，表示在一些最危险的地方。故填the most dangerous。
【43题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：但这是在工人想要的变化成为现实之前的很长时间。分析句子结构可知，become在句子里需要充当谓语，这个句子是在描述过去的事情，需要将become变成过去时。故填became。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：目前，当美国和加拿大庆祝劳动节时，这两个国家的大多数儿童都享受一天的学校假期。two后接复数名词，表示两个国家的孩子们。故填countries。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：但重要的是要记住，在美国，曾经有一天是儿童的劳动节，不幸的是，今天全世界数百万儿童仍然面临同样的事实。unfortunate是形容词，这里需要副词来修饰整个句子。故填unfortunately。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是某国际越野赛（cross-country race）的负责人李华，请你给参与比赛的外国朋友发一封电子邮件，告知原定于下周五举行的越野赛有所变化，内容包括：
1.告知变化；2.解释原因；3.相关安排。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear foreign friends,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear foreign friends,
I am writing to inform you of a change about the upcoming cross-country race scheduled for next Friday.
The reason for this change is to ensure the safety and smooth running of the race. Recent weather forecasts have predicted unfavorable conditions for Friday, including heavy rain and thunderstorms, which could pose risks to participants.
To ensure that all participants have the best possible experience, we reschedule the race to Sunday to provide better conditions for everyone involved.
If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，要求用英文写一封电子邮件。告知外国朋友原定于下周五举行的越野赛有所变化。
【详解】1.词汇积累
关于：about→regarding
即将到来的：upcoming→forthcoming
提供：provide→supply
联系：contact →get in touch with
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：To ensure that all participants have the best possible experience, we reschedule the race to Sunday to provide better conditions for everyone involved.
拓展句：In order that all participants can have the best possible experience, we reschedule the race to Sunday to provide better conditions for everyone involved.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recent weather forecasts have predicted unfavorable conditions for Friday, including heavy rain and thunderstorms, which could pose risks to participants. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My daughter Kathy’s birthday was approaching. Last Sunday, in the early morning, she asked me whether I’d buy her a birthday gift.
I said, “Of course. And to buy the gift, I decide to sell your never-to-be-used-again baby things that still look new and useful. Will you allow it ” She immediately agreed and began sorting out her baby stuff. My husband Sam gladly joined us. Soon, we gathered the stuff well enough. I decided to take them to the second-hand market in the following week and then use the money collected to buy Kathy the bike she dreamed about.
Thinking about that, I waved Kathy and Sam goodbye and left for the local hospital to visit an ill friend there. After twenty-five minutes of drive, I arrived. And after seeing my friend, I went to turn in my visitor’s pass at the hospital desk. There, I overheard an argument between a receptionist (接待员) and a worried and disappointed man whose clothes were a little worn out. The receptionist was explaining that his newborn girl couldn’t leave the hospital without an infant car seat.
Confused, the man asked, “What’s on earth an infant car seat How much can one cost ” Based on his accent and appearance, I guessed he probably was new here. While I observed the man, the receptionist told him, “Sir, it’s a soft seat made specifically to protect infants and younger babies in a vehicle. It can be easily put in the vehicle. The price often ranges from 70 dollars to 550 dollars.”
So upset, the man said, “Where can I get such a seat at this time and where can I get the money to buy one ” “I’m sorry, sir, but this is what the state law requires. Nobody can take a baby out of the hospital without that seat,” the receptionist said. “Your wife can go home with you today, but the baby can’t leave unless she’s in a car seat.”
My daughter just had an infant car seat, which I had planned to sell. Finding the man looked so helpless, I wondered whether to give him Kathy’s seat for free.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
While debating with myself, I thought about my late mom who never hesitated to help strangers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the man and I got to my house, Sam and Kathy felt surprised.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 While debating with myself, I thought about my late mom who never hesitated to help strangers. Her compassionate spirit seemed to echo in my mind, urging me to extend a helping hand to the man in need. Despite my initial hesitation about giving away Kathy’s infant car seat, I realized that helping someone in such a critical situation was more important than any material possession. With a deep breath, I made up my mind to offer the car seat to the man, knowing it would make a significant difference for him and his newborn daughter.
When the man and I got to my house, Sam and Kathy felt surprised. They couldn’t understand why I had brought a stranger home with me. However, as soon as I explained the situation to them, their expressions softened, and they joined me in welcoming the man and his baby into our home. Together, we made sure the infant car seat was clean and safe for the newborn. Seeing the gratitude in the man’s eyes as he held his daughter securely in the car seat filled my heart with warmth and reaffirmed the importance of kindness and empathy in our lives.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了主要内容是描述了一个母亲在女儿生日前夕准备为她买礼物的过程。母亲决定出售女儿不再使用但仍然看起来新的婴儿用品来筹集购买礼物的资金。然后，母亲前往当地医院探望一位生病的朋友，在医院大厅听到了一位接待员和一位穿着有些破旧的男士之间关于婴儿汽车座椅的争论。男士无法离开医院带着他的新生女儿，因为他没有符合州法规定的婴儿汽车座椅。母亲意识到自己有一个婴儿汽车座椅，考虑是否无偿将座椅给这位需要的男士的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在与自己辩论时，我想起了我已故的母亲，她从不犹豫地帮助陌生人。”可知，第一段可描写“我回忆起母亲无私帮助陌生人，决定放弃凯西的婴儿汽车，这对他和他刚出生的女儿会有很大的意义”的相关细节。
②由第二段首句内容“当那个男人和我来到我家时，萨姆和凯西感到很惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写“我向他们解释事情经过后，我们一起将婴儿汽车座椅弄得干净和安全，这个男人很是感激，我的心充满了温暖”的相关细节。
2.续写线索：我回忆母亲帮助陌生人——将凯西的婴儿汽车给与那个男子——男人来到我家——我向家人解释事情经过——萨姆和凯西感动并帮助整理婴儿车——男子表达感激之情——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助： help/assist
②欢迎：welcome/greet
情绪类
①热情的：compassionate/enthusiastic
②感激：gratitude/appreciation
【点睛】【高分句型1】Her compassionate spirit seemed to echo in my mind, urging me to extend a helping hand to the man in need.(使用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】They couldn’t understand why I had brought a stranger home with me. (使用了why引导宾语从句)

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