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Module 3 Journey to space—八年级下学期英语外研版期末复习知识大盘点
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 积累常用的词语搭配,掌握本单元重点句型结构及现在完成时的用法。
文化意识 能自尊自爱，正确认识自我，关爱和尊重他人，有社会责任感。
思维品质 有积极主动的学习态度和较强的自信心。
学习能力 能制订明确的英语学习目标和计划，合理安排学习任务，主动预习和复习。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
重点短语
a group of 一群/ 组……
communicate with sb. 与某人交流
in order to do sth. 为了做某事
take part (in sth.) 参加，参与(某事)
take one's temperature 量某人的体温
catch a cold 感冒
billions of 数以亿计的
some day 某一天 (将来)
The other day 几天前
on the earth 在地球上
on earth 究竟、世界上
go around 围绕……运行
send back 发送回来
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
far away 遥远
in order to 为了，目的是、
space travel 太空旅行
go online 上网
search for 搜寻，查找
现在完成时 (二)
当表示动作已经完成，并对现在有一定影响时，我们一般用现在完成时。同时，可用just, already或yet加以强调或说明。
I have just heard the news.
我刚听到消息。
（just 表示"刚刚"， already 表示"已经"，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have / has 之后。在否定句中则可用yet, 表示"还未"， 有"以后可以会"的含义。）
The scientists have not heard from it yet.
科学家还没有收到它发出的信息。
与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时在表达经历时只表示该事件是在现在之前的某一个时间里发生的，重点在于已完成动作对现在的影响；一般过去时则表示在过去某一具体时间发生的事情。
I have just been to London. I went there last month.
我刚去过伦敦，上个月去的。
I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago.
我已经完成家庭作业了，一小时前完成的。
练习：
1. —How can we go to the library this Sunday, by bike or on foot
—______ is OK. It's up to you.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
2. Dongjiang Lake is a good place to have fun and______ tourists go camping there in summer.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
3. In the English club, students need to______ each other in English. It will help them improve their spoken English.
A. agree with B. communicate with C. worry about
4. —Have you finished your work______
—Yes, I have. I've finished it already.
A. yet B. just C. already
5. —Sally, I ________ the picture already.
—Wow, truly beautiful!
A. finish B. have finished C. was finishing
6. Aron Ralston wrote a book ______ Between a Rock and a Hard Place.
A. called B. is called C. was called
7. I never go out alone at night _____ I am afraid.
A. because B. if C. until
8. —Ms Chen will check our homework this afternoon. _____ you _____ it
—Not yet. I'm doing it now.
A. Do; finish B. Have; finished C. Had; finished
9. There _____ some changes in our hometown for the last ten years.
A. are B. have C. have been
10. —Do your parents often _____ you
—Yes. We often talk for half an hour after dinner.
A. agree with B. communicate with C. look after
四、核心素养对接中考
【2023年辽宁盘锦】你听过乡村音乐吗？
___________________________________________
【2023年辽宁丹东】你买这块手表多久了？
___________________________________________
【2023年辽宁】我爸爸买这辆轿车已经五年了。
___________________________________________
【2023年山东威海】如今它已成为威海最受欢迎的地方之一。
___________________________________________
【2024年山东潍坊模拟】到目前为止，你读过几本中文名著？(classic)
___________________________________________
【2024年江苏扬州模拟】到目前为止，你出国几次？
___________________________________________
【2024年山东潍坊模拟】自从开始学习英语以来，我结识了很多外国朋友。(since)
___________________________________________
【2024年江苏扬州模拟】自从去年以来，他就成了一名科学老师。
___________________________________________
答案以及解析
三、
1. 答案：A
解析：问句的含义是“我们这周日怎样去图书馆,骑自行车还是步行 ”,根据答语中提到了“由你决定”可推断,两种方式中的任何一种都可以,再根据设空后的is可知答案为A。
2. 答案：C
解析：考查数词的用法。句意:东江湖是一个可以玩得开心的好地方。在夏天成百上千的游客去那里野营。当hundred前有具体数词时,表示确数,hundred后不加-s,通常也不跟of;当hundred前没有具体数词时,表示概数,hundred要用复数形式,而且其后常和of连用,hundreds of意为“成百上千的”。故选C。
3. 答案：B
解析：本题涉及的三个短语分别是:agree with sb. 赞同某人;communicate with sb. 和某人交流;worry about sb. 为某人而担心。根据本题语境可知,学生需要互相用英语“交流”,这样有助于提高英语口语,communicate with符合题意。
4. 答案：A
解析：在现在完成时的疑问句句尾要用yet。
5. 答案：B
解析：本题考查动词的时态。根据语境及题干中的"already"可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为"have/has+过去分词"，故选B。
6. 答案：A
解析：分析句子结构可知,此处应用过去分词短语作后置定语修饰a book, 故选A项。
7. 答案：A
解析：句意为:我从不在晚上独自出去,因为我害怕。because意为"因为";if意为"如果";until意为"直到"。根据语境可知设空前后内容之间是因果关系,且空前是结果,空后是原因,故用 because引导原因状语从句。故选A项。
8. 答案：B
解析：根据答语中的"Not yet. "可知,问句的时态是现在完成时。故选B项。
9. 答案：C
解析：根据时间状语for the last ten years可知,此处应用现在完成时。故选C项。
10. 答案：B
解析：agree with 意为“同意”;communicate with . . . 意为 “与……交流”;look after意为“照顾”。根据答语中的"We often talk for half an hour after dinner. "可知选B项。
四、
Have you (ever) listened to country music
解析：根据语境可知，句子用现在完成时have/has done，主语是you，助动词用have，变疑问句时把have放主语之前；听：listen to；乡村音乐：country music。故填Have you (ever) listened to country music
How long have you had this watch
解析：how long“多长时间”；buy“买”，短暂性动词，和一段时间连用，需要变为对应的延续性动词have；this watch“这块手表”。本句是现在完成时，主语是you“你”，助动词用have，过去分词为had，疑问句中需要把have放置于主语前。故填How long have you had this watch
My father has (already) had this/the car for five years.
解析：根据语境可知，句子用现在完成时，for five years“五年”，和时间段连用谓语动词用延续性动词have；主语是my father，助动词用has；宾语是this/the car；已经：already，放助动词后。故填My father has (already) had this/the car for five years.
These days/Now it is/has been/has become one of the most popular places in Weihai.
解析：these days和now都可以表示“如今”；it is/has been/has become在此处可以表示“它已经成为……”；one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“……最……之一……”；most popular“最受欢迎的”；place“地方”；in Weihai“在威海”。故填These days/Now it is/has been/has become one of the most popular places in Weihai.
How many Chinese classics have you read so far
解析：几本：How many；中文名著：Chinese classics；你：you；读：read；到目前为止：so far。结合语境可知，此题为现在完成时，动词用have/has done结构。根据主语“you”可知助动词用have，read的过去分词是read。故填How many Chinese classics have you read so far
How many times have you been abroad up to now/so far
解析：根据汉语可知，本句是疑特殊疑问句，时态是现在完成时，up to now/so far“到目前为止”，作时间状语，放在句末；“多少次”how many times，疑问词，主语是you“你”，助动词用have，be abroad“出国”，此处用过去分词形式。故填How many times have you been abroad up to now/so far
I have made many foreign friends since I started/began to learn English.
解析：此句为since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态。从句的“开始学英语”可以翻译为“started/began to learn English”；主句的“结识许多外国朋友”可以翻译为“have made many foreign friends”。故填I have made many foreign friends since I started/began to learn English.
He has been a science teacher since last year.
解析：since“自从”，last year“去年”；he“他”；be a science teacher“成为一名科学老师”。句子应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填He has been a science teacher since last year.

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