资源简介

2023-2024学年高二英语期末考试
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4. 难度系数：0.65。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does Mr. Wang go to work now
A．On foot. B．By bike. C．By car.
2．How old is the girl
A．3. B．13. C．30.
3．How often does Kathy play badminton
A．Twice a week. B．Once a week. C．Every day.
4．How will the two speakers probably go to the cinema
A．On foot. B．By taxi. C．By underground.
5．Why does the boy go to Thailand
A．To have a trip. B．To study. C．To visit a friend.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is Peter doing now
A．He is talking on the phone.B．He is writing an e-mail. C．He is on holiday.
7．How’s the weather in Australia now
A．Cold and windy. B．Hot and sunny. C．Cool and rainy
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．Where are the two speakers
A．In the English club. B．In the classroom. C．In the theatre.
9．What does the man think can help to learn English
A．Watching English movies.
B．Listening to some tapes.
C．Keeping a diary in English.
10．How often does the man read aloud to practise pronunciation
A．Sometimes. B．Seldom. C．Every day
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Why did Jenny go to Africa
A．To work as a teacher. B．To spend her holiday. C．To offer medical help.
12．What is Sarah like now
A．Thinner and more beautiful.
B．Thinner and stronger.
C．Thinner and healthier.
13．How does the man probably think of Jenny
A．Lovely. B．Clever. C．Brave.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What’s the woman doing
A．Working in a shop. B．Visiting her uncle. C．Making a video story.
15．When will Tom meet the woman
A．1:00 p.m. B．3:00 p.m. C．2:00 p.m.
16．Which statement is true according to the conversation
A．Tom will finally drive to the festival alone.
B．Rachel doesn’t go to the festival at last.
C．There are some good events in the festival.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What does John say about the two families
A．They have a good relationship.
B．They have dinner together every day.
C．They only celebrate children’s birthdays.
18．Where were Mark’s parents when John arrived
A．They were in the kitchen.
B．They were in the garden.
C．They were in the living room.
19．What gift did John buy for Mark
A．A T-shirt. B．A book. C．A toy.
20．Why did the children leave the party at 9:00 pm
A．They found the party boring.
B．They finished all the food early.
C．They needed to go to school.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
From December 1st, 2023 to November 30th, 2024, visitors can stay in China for up to 15 days without a visa. Below are several easy steps for planning a first China tour.
Decide How Many Days to Stay
We suggest you take at least a week for your first trip to see the highlights in the top three cities: Beijing (3–4 days), Xi’an (2 days), and Shanghai (1–2 days).
To discover more of China, like charming Guilin and lovely Chengdu pandas, you would need a few more days.
Consider When to Travel to China
Things to do in Beijing, Xi’an, and Shanghai are seldom affected by the seasons.
Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) are generally the most comfortable and recommended times for a China tour. They are neither too hot nor too cold, but fall is generally drier and warmer than spring.
A more ideal travel time for you could be March and early April or September when there are smaller crowds, favorable prices, and still good weather.
China is a good summer holiday destination too.
Consider Your Budget
The biggest cost could be international airfares. The cost of airfares from the US or Europe to China varies a lot depending on when you fly and which airline you use, from around US$1,200 to US$3,000 for an economy round trip.
The biggest price difference between the off and peak seasons is in the price of hotels and airfares. Prices in peak seasons can go up by 50 to 100%.
For a private tour, the average cost per day is about US$220–350 per person, including flights/trains within China, 4- or 5-star hotels, lunches, attractions, guides, and private transport.
We Believe Private and Tailor-Made Tours Are Best
With our private tours, you would have much more personal choice in how your tour goes. You could have more hand-picked and interactive experiences, like visiting a local family with your own local guide.
With private guiding and transport, we would make full use of your time. You could focus on the sightseeing you want to do, skipping what’s not of interest and the long queues in the most crowded attractions.
21．If you have a tour in China in winter, which places are suitable for you
A．Beijing and Guilin. B．Xi’an and Chengdu.
C．Shanghai and Chengdu. D．Beijing and Xi’an.
22．What can we know from the text
A．A visa is needed for a 12-day tour.
B．The highest expense is the accommodation fee.
C．Travelling in March can save tourists money.
D．Prices in peak seasons usually go up by 150%.
23．Which of the following is NOT the reason why a tailor-made tour is recommended
A．You have more choices about your route.
B．Your time will be maximized.
C．You are likely to interact with locals in person.
D．You will spend less on the tour.
B
The literary world has a new star. Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is the winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration (洞察力) of the effects of colonialism (殖民主义) and the fate of the refugee (难民)”.
Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania. In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering caused by war and colonialism. “The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world,” Gurnah told The New York Times.
His 1994 novel Paradise, which tells the story of a boy growing up in early 20th century Tanzania, marked his breakthrough as a novelist and won the Booker Prize.—Afterlives, his most recent work, continues the narrative of Paradise and takes place during the period of German colonialism in Tanzania.
Before he retired, Gurnah, 73, was a professor of English and Postcolonial Literatures at the University of Kent in England. Although Gurnah’s first language is Swahili, he adopted English as his literary language. His writing often contains traces of Arabic, Swahili and German, as well.
Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognized as one of the world’s more preeminent post-colonial writers”.
Ethiopian-American novelist Maaza Mengiste described Gurnah’s writings as being “like a gentle blade (刀刃) slowly moving in” “He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of heart for people of East Africa,” Mengiste said. “He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren’t heard, but there’s an insistence there that we listen.”
24．What are Gurnah’s works mainly about
A．The life of the people in Tanzania.
B．Effects of war and colonialism.
C．Experiences of living abroad.
D．Growth in an underdeveloped nation.
25．What do we know about Gurnah
A．He was inspired to write by his refugee experience.
B．He used to be a professor of law and literature.
C．He publishes his works in Arabic and Swahili.
D．He was not well-known until he won the Nobel Prize.
26．What does the underlined word “preeminent” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Awful. B．Outstanding. C．Potential. D．Productive.
27．What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnah’s writing
A．It is elegantly written in his native language.
B．It is widely welcomed by people around the world.
C．It is powerful and employs sharp language.
D．It calls for attention to the life of the underclass.
C
“Earth” has always been an odd choice of name for the third planet from the Sun. After all, if an alien examines it through a telescope, he would note that two-thirds of its surface is covered not by earth at all, but by oceans of water.
However, most of the oceans on Earth remain unexplored. For example, photographers are fond of pointing out that scientists have mapped nearly all the oceans’ surface, but less than a quarter of the seabed. Biologists think the oceans might host more than 2 million species of animals, of which they have so far identified perhaps a tenth.
A new project may change this. Launched in London on April 27th, 2023, Ocean Census aims to discover 100,000 new species of ocean animals over the coming decade. Its first ship, Kronprins Haakon, set sail on April 29 for the Barents Sea.
The project is launched for two reasons. One is that the longer scientists wait, the less there will be to study. “Top on our agenda are species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change,” says Oliver Steeds, founder of the project. “Otherwise, the forest is burning down and we won’t know what was there before it is lost.”
The second reason is technological. Biologists find about 2,000 new species a year, a rate hardly changed since Darwin’s day. Ocean Census is betting that it can go faster. Fancy cameras on remote-operated vehicles, for instance, allow scientists to scan deep-sea creatures such as jellyfish without removing them from their habitat. Just as the huge pressures of the deep sea are deadly for humans, taking such a jellyfish to the surface for examination may reduce it to gooey slime (黏液).
Exactly what the new effort might turn up, of course, is impossible to predict. But history suggests it will be fruitful. Half a century ago, scientists discovered hot seabeds that were home to organisms living happily in conditions that, until then, had been thought harmful to life. These days, such hot seabeds are thought to be one possible candidate for the origin of all life on Earth.
28．What phenomenon is described in the second paragraph
A．The oceans are home to most of the animals. B．The oceans have not been studied in depth.
C．Scientists enjoy photographing the oceans. D．“Earth” is not a proper name for our planet.
29．What does Oliver Steeds most probably mean
A．More efforts from scientists are necessary. B．Animals in the forest should be rescued, too.
C．Climate change is endangering the forest. D．The project should start with threatened species.
30．What can we learn from the jellyfish example in paragraph 5
A．It is mature to study the oceans now. B．Scientists should slow down their studies.
C．It is harmful to study deep-sea animals. D．Researchers want more advanced equipment.
31．What does the author think of Ocean Census
A．Dangerous. B．Creative. C．Promising. D．Unnecessary.
D
Handing your baby a phone or a tablet to play with may seem like a harmless solution when you’re busy, but it could actually affect their development, a new study has found.
Having anywhere from one to four hours of screen time per day at age l is linked with higher risks of developmental delays in communication skills, fine motor skills, personal and social skills,and problem-solving skills by age 2, according to a study of 7,097 children published in the journal JAMA Pediatrics. The study measured how many hours children used screens per day at age 1 and how they performed in these developmental domains (领域) at ages 2 and 4. Both measures were according to the mothers’ self-reports.
By age 2, those who had had up to four hours of screen time per day were up to 3 times more likely to experience developmental delays in communication and problem-solving skills. Those who had spent four or more hours with screens were 4.78 times more likely to have underdeveloped communication skills, 1.74 times more likely to have poor performances in fine motor skills and two times more likely to have underdeveloped personal and social skills by age2. By age 4, risk remained only in the communication and problem-solving categories.
“One of the areas that is relatively understudied in the whole screen time literature is looking at the impacts of screen exposure on very young kids, especially when screens are introduced to babies,” said Dr. John Hutton, an associate professor of general and community pediatrics (儿科) at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. “It’s definitely a global concern, and I think the findings should really be applied to other countries as well.”
“Technology use can take time away from interpersonal relationships that develop social skills since real people are more multidimensional than characters on a screen.” Hutton added. Looking at people’s faces is when our brains turn on to figure out how to interact with them.
32．What does the new study focus on
A．A baby’s mental health. B．Children’s developmental skills.
C．A kid’s academic performance. D．Students’ creative abilities.
33．What is the main research method used in the study
A．Analyzing data. B．Giving examples.
C．Reviewing literature. D．Doing experiments.
34．What does Dr. John Hutton suggest
A．The impact of screen exposure should be studied.
B．The findings should be applied to certain countries.
C．Global attention should be paid to kids’ screen hours.
D．Screens should be introduced to more and more babies.
35．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．What Faults Can Be Found with Screens
B．What Difficulties A Young Kid Will Face
C．How Screens Change Academic Performance
D．How Screen Time Influences Kids’ Development
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether in work or study, great people always do things as effectively as possible. Productive (高效的) people have one thing in common: A solid routine made up of small habits that helps them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle. Research shows a habit takes about 2l days to become normal behavior. 36
●Make daily to-do lists. 37 Some people prefer to make their to-do lists first thing in the morning, while others like to do them each night to prepare for the day ahead. As a matter of fact, either way helps you to manage your time and workload efficiently.
● 38 Writing down your thoughts in your diary can help you achieve goals. You should even write down your progress, no matter how small it is, to help motivate you to keep going. This process will help you reflect and improve your memory and brain function.
●Have a rest. Whatever you are working on, you do not have to use up every ounce of energy you have. 39 When coming back, you’ll become clear-headed and happy, leading to greater productivity than just rushing through it.
●Clean up and organize for tomorrow. 40 It may be a little tiring. However, tidying up your home and preparing for tomorrow can prevent stress. This daily maintaining can ensure that you do not have to spend an entire afternoon cleaning during the weekend.
A．Keep a journal.
B．Make great progress.
C．Making a list of tasks for the day helps you to stay on track.
D．After a long day, the last thing you may want to do is clean.
E．Take a break at the same time each day, despite just 10 minutes.
F．You should be energetic all day and spare no effort to finish your work.
G．Here are some habits you can start practicing to become more productive.
第三部分 语言运用（共二节, 满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A trip to a bank's ATM machine is usually a common affair. But for Jose Nuńez Romaniz, his 41 on Sunday is one that he won't 42 for the rest of his life. The 19-year-old college student was making a 43 for Mother's Day online when he noticed his account balance(存款余额)was 44 . So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money. Little did he know that he was about to make an incredible 45 . When he arrived, Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash, which turned out to be $135, 000. "When I first saw it, I was very 46 , not knowing what to do, " Jose told the New York Times. After taking a moment to 47 himself, Jose called the police. And the police soon discovered that the money had 48 been left behind by a worker 49 with refilling the ATM. Thinking that it is the biggest amount of money ever found and 50 in Albuquerque history, the mayor and the police chief held a ceremony to honor Jose's 51 . And, perhaps best of all, the police chief invited Jose to 52 a job as a public service aid for the department after his 53 . For Jose, it was the best gift for Mother's Day. "Mother called me 54 she almost started crying excitedly. . . She told me I did the right thing and that she was 55 of what I did," said Jose.
41．A．plan B．experiment C．visit D．show
42．A．appreciate B．forget C．imagine D．face
43．A．purchase B．survey C．wish D．decision
44．A．full B．clear C．inaccurate D．low
45．A．offer B．promise C．profit D．discovery
46．A．shocked B．amused C．excited D．satisfied
47．A．teach B．disturb C．collect D．challenge
48．A．carefully B．accidentally C．deliberately D．nervously
49．A．continued B．charged C．armed D．tasked
50．A．returned B．saved C．lost D．exchanged
51．A．confidence B．honesty C．bravery D．appreciation
52．A．hold up B．adapt to C．wait for D．apply for
53．A．application B．discovery C．graduation D．event
54．A．or B．and C．so D．but
55．A．proud B．considerate C．worthy D．sure
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new study suggests Jupiter’s icy moon (卫星) Europa produces much less oxygen than previously thought. The study was based on the data 56 (collect) by NASA’s Juno spacecraft.
The study involved Juno’s instruments measuring levels of oxygen 57 hydrogen molecules (分子) coming from Europa’s atmosphere. The data showed the icy moon produces about 1,000 tons of oxygen every 24 hours. NASA said that would be enough amount 58 (keep) a million humans breathing for a day.
However, the space agency noted those estimates of oxygen were much less than those measured in earlier studies about the moon. Europa is a little 59 (small) than the Earth’s moon. But it is still one of the largest moons in 60 (we) solar system. NASA observations have suggested 61 ocean exists beneath the thick layer of ice on Europa’s surface. Scientists estimate the moon’s ocean may contain a large amount of water, 62 is twice as the Earth’s oceans.
Since Europa was believed to have a large ocean under its surface, 63 (researcher) in the past identified it as a good candidate to hold the right conditions to support some form of life. That data came 64 (main) from telescope observations of oxygen levels existing in the moon’s icy surface. The new lower estimates of oxygen do not support the earlier observations. The team involved in the study said, in the future, more research 65 (need) to confirm the latest findings.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66．假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Jack来信说他对唐诗很感兴趣，希望你能推荐一本相关书籍。请你给他回一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：
1. 书籍的基本信息；
2. 推荐的理由。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was a bad boy in a village in India. At least I was labeled that way because I had no interest in school or studies. I used bad language, hung around with other “bad” boys, skipped school and ran through the fields. No one thought I would do anything worthwhile with my life. And I’d heard many people in our village talking. “Why bother going to school These kids end up back on the farms anyway. He’ll never amount to anything.” My parents and teachers were disappointed with my average marks.
My mother envisioned a different future and knew the value of education to create a better life. By the time I entered the 12th grade, I had taken a good look at myself and realized the life I was creating. The bad boy image troubled me. I didn’t believe I was a bad boy. I didn’t want to be a bad boy. These realizations forced me to acknowledge that my mother was right — education was my only way out. I worked hard to finish my high school, and then I decided to apply for higher education in university. But this village bad boy faced too many challenges.
Firstly, my family had very limited money. In addition to that, my grades were not good. There was very little chance I’d gain admission to a university. Still, I took a chance and applied. The last day of admissions, I visited the university to check my result. I looked down the list, and there it was, “Parashram J. Patil”. Finally, I’d been admitted. Now, it was the last day to pay, so I had to find money to cover my fees.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Helpless, I sat outside the department head—Professor Parth’s office. _______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
From then on, things changed. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年高二英语期末考试
全解全析
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
1．A
【原文】W: Hi Mr. Wang, did you drive to work this morning
M: No, I am used to walking. Now, you know, health is the most important.
2．B
【原文】M: It’s my sister’s birthday today. She’s thirteen.
W: Oh, thirteen. She’s the same age as me.
3．A
【原文】M: Kathy, you are so good at badminton. How often do you play it
W: Every thursday and saturday.
4．C
【原文】M: The film The Battle at Lake Changjin will begin this Saturday. Shall we go to the cinema by taxi
W: I’m afraid the traffic is quite busy at weekends. Let’s take the underground.
5．A
【原文】M: Lucy, you spent a year studying in Thailand, right I’m going there for a trip next month, too.
W: Yes, I suggest you visit the elephant nature park. That’s the most interesting place in my mind.
6．C 7．B
【原文】M: Hey Andy, what are you doing
W: I'm writing an email to my cousin Peter in Australia.
M: In Australia Is he there on holiday
W: Yes, he's there on holiday.
M: That's nice. Is the weather good there right now
W: Yes, Peter said it was hot and sunny
M: Hot. But it's January
W: In Australia，January is summer. Remember,
M: Oh, right I see.
8．A 9．C 10．A
【原文】W: Welcome to sunny English club. Do you learn English by watching English movies
M: No, it’s too hard to understand the movies.
W: What about keeping a diary in English
M: I like writing diaries and I think it helps a lot.
W: Have you ever studied in a group
M: Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot in that way.
W: Have you ever practised conversations with friends
M: Oh no, I don’t have time to do so, though it’s really important.
W: What about reading aloud to practise pronunciation
M: I do that sometimes, and I always look up new words in a dictionary.
W: That’s a great idea.
11．C 12．B 13．C
【原文】M: Hey Jenny, long time no see. How are you
W: I just came back from Africa two days ago. It was really an unforgettable experience.
M: Oh, no wonder you look thinner than before. Let me see stronger as well. So why did you go there
W: To provide help for local people. I have worked in a local hospital for one year. You know the medical service in Africa is quite poor.
M: Wow, it seems that you experienced a lot. as a woman. Are you afraid to work in Africa I've heard it's a bit dangerous.
W: No, I just want to try my best to help more people around the world.
14．A 15．A 16．C
【原文】M: Hi Rachel. What are you doing here
W: Tom Hi. Um, well I work here on Saturdays. It’s my uncle’s shop. What are you doing here
M: I’m on my way to the notting hill festival. I’m doing a video story about it for my school project.
W: Wow, that sounds interesting. I’ve never been to the festival.
M: You’re joking. Why don’t you come along later There are some good events this afternoon.
W: I'm sorry, I can’t. Well, I just don’t know if I can. I’ve got homework,
M: Go on, Rachel. All work and no play isn’t good for you.
W: Oh, all right then. But you have to work for another two hours, so....
M: Do you want me to come and pick you up
W: That will be great. But are you sure
M: Of course I’ll meet you outside at one o’clock in the afternoon if you like.
W: Thanks, Tom, that’s really kind.
17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C
【原文】M: I’m John. Mark is my neighbor and best friend. All members in both of our families celebrate our birthdays together every year. We like to have fun together. Yesterday was Mark’s birthday and when I met him on our way to school he invited me to go to his birthday party in the evening. I happily accepted after school yesterday I bought a book for Mark. When I went back home, mom told me she had prepared A T shirt as Mark’s gift carrying the gifts. I went to Mark’s home with my mom and dad. When we got there, Mark’s parents were making preparations for the birthday party in their garden. Many colorful balloons were hanging around. We all wished Mark a happy birthday and he said he liked the gifts we gave him very much. Then we children began to play games while all the parents sat together and talked. After that we had some snacks we liked. We all had great fun. We needed to go to school the next day. We left the party at around nine PM. It was a truly happy day.
21．D 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是计划第一次中国之旅的建议和步骤。
21．推理判断题。根据Consider When to Travel to China部分的“Things to do in Beijing, Xi’an, and Shanghai are seldom affected by the seasons.(在北京、西安和上海能做的事情很少受到季节的影响。)”可知，如果你冬天来中国旅游，北京和西安适合你，因为那儿能做的事情很少受季节的影响，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Consider When to Travel to China部分的“A more ideal travel time for you could be March and early April or September when there are smaller crowds, favorable prices, and still good weather.(对你来说，更理想的旅行时间是3月、4月初或9月，那时人群较少，价格优惠，天气也很好。)”可知，三月份旅游可以为游客省钱。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据We Believe Private and Tailor-Made Tours Are Best部分“With our private tours, you would have much more personal choice in how your tour goes. You could have more hand-picked and interactive experiences, like visiting a local family with your own local guide.(在我们的私人旅游中，您将有更多的个人选择。你可以有更多精心挑选的互动体验，比如和你自己的当地导游一起拜访当地家庭。)”和“With private guiding and transport, we would make full use of your time.(有私人导游和交通工具，我们将充分利用您的时间。)”可知，A，B，C项都是推荐量身定制旅游的原因，只有D不是。故选D。
24．B 25．A 26．B 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2021年诺贝尔文学奖获得者小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah的作品内容、写作背景及别人对其作品的评价。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is the winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”.(小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah获得2021年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“对殖民主义影响和难民命运富有同情心的洞察”。)”可知，Gurnah的作品主要与战争和殖民主义的影响有关。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering caused by war and colonialism.(1964年，Gurnah被迫以难民身份前往英国，在那里他开始通过日记和故事来反思自己的经历。多年来，他写了10部小说和故事，探讨战争和殖民主义造成的苦难。)”可知，Gurnah的难民经历激发了他写作的灵感。故选A项。
26．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is the winner of the 2021 Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee”.(小说家Abdulrazak Gurnah获得2021年诺贝尔文学奖，以表彰他“对殖民主义影响和难民命运富有同情心的洞察”。)”以及第五段“Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognized as one of the world’s more preeminent post-colonial writers”.(诺贝尔委员会主席Anders Olsson表示，Gurnah“被公认为世界上preeminent的后殖民作家之一”。)”可知，Gurnah得到世界认可，获得了诺贝尔文学奖，所以他是一位杰出的小说家，推测划线单词表示“杰出的”，与outstanding同义。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren’t heard, but there’s an insistence there that we listen.(他写的故事通常都是一些不为人知的人的故事，但他坚持让我们倾听。)”可知，Maaza Mengiste认为Gurnah的作品讲述的是那些不为人知的人，呼吁人们关注下层阶级的生活。故选D项。
28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在实施的海洋研究项目“海洋普查”的必要性及有利条件。
28．细节理解题。通过阅读文章第二段内容以及关键句“but less than a quarter of the seabed(但不到海床的四分之一)”，“of which they have so far identified perhaps a tenth(到目前为止，他们只确定了其中的十分之一)”可知，这些论述证明了该段首句“However, most of the oceans on Earth remain unexplored.(然而，地球上的大部分海洋仍未被探索过。)”描述的这一现象，即，科学家们对海洋的研究还很浅显。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第四段Oliver Steeds的话“‘Top on our agenda are species thought to be in the greatest danger from climate change,’ says Oliver Steeds, founder of the project.(“我们的首要任务是那些被认为受到气候变化威胁最大的物种，”该项目创始人Oliver Steeds说。)”可知，受到气候变化威胁最大的物种作为该项目的首要任务，由此推知，他想表达的是这个项目应该会从濒危物种开始。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。通过阅读“Fancy cameras on remote-operated vehicles, for instance, allow scientists to scan deep-sea creatures such as jellyfish without removing them from their habitat.(例如，远程操作的交通工具上的高级摄像机使科学家能够扫描水母等深海生物，而无需将它们从栖息地移走。)”可知，无需将水母从栖息地移走，而是通过高级摄像机扫描就能够对其研究，同时结合前后文语境可知，这个举例是为了证明该段首句“The second reason is technological. Ocean Census is betting that it can go faster.( 第二个原因是技术。海洋普查项目打赌技术可以（使海洋科研）更深入。)”的论述。由此推知，从“水母举例”可以了解到海洋研究的技术已经比较成熟。故选A项。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Exactly what the new effort might turn up, of course, is impossible to predict. But history suggests it will be fruitful.(当然，新的努力究竟会带来什么结果是无法预测的。但历史表明，这将是富有成效的。)”可推断，作者认为这个项目会带来积极的成果。故选C项。
32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屏幕时间如何影响孩子的发展。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Handing your baby a phone or a tablet to play with may seem like a harmless solution when you’re busy, but it could actually affect their development, a new study has found.(一项新研究发现，在你忙的时候，给宝宝一个手机或平板电脑玩似乎是一个无害的解决方案，但这实际上可能会影响他们的发育。)”可知，新的研究关注的是孩子的发展技能。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The study measured how many hours children used screens per day at age 1 and how they performed in these developmental domains (领域) at ages 2 and 4.(该研究测量了儿童在1岁时每天使用屏幕的时间，以及他们在2岁和4岁时在这些发展领域的表现。)”以及第三段“By age 2, those who had had up to four hours of screen time per day were up to 3 times more likely to experience developmental delays in communication and problem-solving skills. Those who had spent four or more hours with screens were 4.78 times more likely to have underdeveloped communication skills, 1.74 times more likely to have poor performances in fine motor skills and two times more likely to have underdeveloped personal and social skills by age2. By age 4, risk remained only in the communication and problem-solving categories.(到2岁时，那些每天看屏幕时间超过4小时的孩子在沟通和解决问题能力方面出现发育迟缓的可能性要高出3倍。到2岁时，那些花4个小时或更长时间看屏幕的孩子，沟通能力不发达的可能性是其他人的4.78倍，精细运动技能不佳的可能性是其他人的1.74倍，个人和社交技能不发达的可能性是其他人的两倍。到4岁时，风险只存在于沟通和解决问题方面。)”可推知，这项研究中使用的主要的方法是分析数据。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Dr. John Hutton说的话“It’s definitely a global concern, and I think the findings should really be applied to other countries as well.(这绝对是一个全球性的问题，我认为研究结果也应该适用于其他国家。)”可知，Dr. John Hutton的建议是全球关注儿童的屏幕时间。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Handing your baby a phone or a tablet to play with may seem like a harmless solution when you’re busy, but it could actually affect their development, a new study has found.(一项新研究发现，在你忙的时候，给宝宝一个手机或平板电脑玩似乎是一个无害的解决方案，但这实际上可能会影响他们的发育。)”可知，这篇文章主要在讲屏幕时间如何影响孩子的发展，因此最恰当的题目是D选项“How Screen Time Influences Kids’ Development(屏幕时间如何影响孩子的发展)”。故选D。
36．G 37．C 38．A 39．E 40．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些有助于提高我们工作效率的好习惯。
36．由上文“Whether in work or study, great people always do things as effectively as possible. Productive (高效的) people have one thing in common: A solid routine made up of small habits that helps them to keep a healthy mindset and lifestyle. Research shows a habit takes about 2l days to become normal behavior.(无论是在工作还是学习中，伟大的人总是尽可能有效地做事。有效率的人有一个共同点：一个由小习惯组成的坚实的日常生活，帮助他们保持健康的心态和生活方式。研究表明，一个习惯大约需要2天才能成为正常行为。)”可知，上文主要讲习惯是让人保持高效率的重要因素，而G项Here are some habits you can start practicing to become more productive.(以下是一些你可以开始练习的习惯，以提高工作效率。)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中productive和上文effectively对应，且Here are some habits有启下作用。故选G项。
37．由下文“Some people prefer to make their to-do lists first thing in the morning, while others like to do them each night to prepare for the day ahead. As a matter of fact, either way helps you to manage your time and workload efficiently.(有些人喜欢在早上第一件事就是列出待办事项清单，而另一些人则喜欢每晚都这样做，为下一天做准备。事实上，无论哪种方式，都可以帮助您有效地管理时间和工作量。)”可知，这里主要讲待办事项清单可以帮助有效地管理时间和工作量，而C项Making a list of tasks for the day helps you to stay on track.(列出一天的任务有助于你保持正轨。)符合语境，有启下作用，其中a list of tasks 和下文make their to-do lists对应。故选C项。
38．由下文“Writing down your thoughts in your diary can help you achieve goals. You should even write down your progress, no matter how small it is, to help motivate you to keep going. (把你的想法写在日记里可以帮助你实现目标。你甚至应该写下你的进步，无论它有多小，以帮助激励你继续前进。)”可知，作者这里鼓励读者写日记，所以A项Keep a journal.(记日记。)对下文有总结作用，其中a journal与下文your diary对应。故选A项。
39．由上文“Have a rest(休息一下)”以及下文“ When coming back, you’ll become clear-headed and happy, leading to greater productivity than just rushing through it.(当你回来的时候，你会变得头脑清醒，心情愉快，从而提高工作效率，而不仅仅是匆匆忙忙。)”可知，本段主要讲注意休息以及休息的益处，而E项Take a break at the same time each day, despite just 10 minutes.(每天在同一时间休息，尽管只有10分钟。)符合句意，由承上启下作用，其中Take a break和上文Have a rest对应。故选E项。
40．由上文“Clean up and organize for tomorrow. (打扫卫生，为明天做好准备。)”以及下文“However, tidying up your home and preparing for tomorrow can prevent stress. This daily maintaining can ensure that you do not have to spend an entire afternoon cleaning during the weekend.(然而，整理一下你的家，为明天做准备可以防止压力。这种日常维护可以确保你在周末不必花整个下午的时间打扫卫生。)”可知，作者这里建议读者打扫卫生，而D项After a long day, the last thing you may want to do is clean.(经过漫长的一天，你可能最不想做的事就是清洁。)符合语境，其中clean与上文Clean up对应，且与下文代词It对应。故选D项。
41．C 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．D 46．A 47．C 48．B 49．D 50．A 51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．A
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一名 19 岁的青年准备在银行存款时，无意中发现了一个装着很多现金的塑料袋，他没有据为己有而是给警察打了电话。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于Jose Nunez Romaniz来说，周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经历。A. plan计划；B. experiment试验；C. visit拜访，逗留；D. show展示。根据前文“A trip to a bank's...”可知，此处指的是Jose周日的银行之行。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对于Jose Nunez Romaniz来说，周日的银行之行是他永生难忘的经历。A. appreciate欣赏；B. forget忘记；C. imagine想象；D. face面对。根据后文Jose存款时的经历可知，Jose在存钱时意外捡到了一大笔钱，所以这成了他永远都不会忘记的经历。故选B。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位19岁的大学生正在网上为母亲节购物，这时他注意到自己的账户余额不足。A. purchase购买；B. survey调查表；C. wish希望；D. decision决定。根据后文“for Mother's Day online”可知Jose当时准备给妈妈买母亲节礼物。make a purchase表示“购物”。故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位19岁的大学生正在网上为母亲节购物，这时他注意到自己的账户余额不足。A. full完全的；B. clear清楚的；C. inaccurate不准确的；D. low低的。根据后文“So he drove to the nearest bank to deposit money.”可知Jose因为账户余额不足（low），买不了礼物，所以才去存钱的。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不知道他即将有一个惊人的发现。A. offer提议；B. promise承诺；C. profit利润；D. discovery发现。根据下一段中“When he arrived, Jose noticed a plastic bag on the ground filled with cash”可知Jose后来在银行捡到了一大笔钱，所以此处指对他即将有一个惊人发现，Jose之前毫不知情。故选D。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当我第一次看到它时，我非常震惊，不知道该怎么办，” Jose告诉《纽约时报》。A. shocked震惊的；B. amused有趣的；C. excited激动的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后文not knowing what to do可知，Jose看到这么多钱后感到很吃惊。故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jose冷静了一会儿后，报了警。A. teach教学；B. disturb干扰；C. collect收集，使（自己）镇定；D. challenge挑战。根据后文Jose called the police可知，过了一会儿后，Jose平静了下来。collect在此意为“使（自己）镇定；使（思想）集中”。故选C。
48．考查副词词义辨析。句意：警方很快发现，这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不小心落下的。A. carefully仔细地；B. accidentally一不小心，意外地；C. deliberately故意地；D. nervously紧张地。根据前后文内容可知，这么一大笔钱应该是一位工作人员不小心（accidentally）遗失在那里的。故选B。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方很快发现，这些钱是一名负责给自动取款机装现金的工作人员不小心落下的。A. continued继续；B. charged充电；C. armed武装；D. tasked委派任务。结合后文with refilling the ATM可知这位工作人员是被派去给自动取款机装现金的时候，不小心落下了这笔钱。故选D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱，因此举行了一个仪式来表彰Jose的诚实。A. returned归还，返回；B. saved拯救；C. lost失去；D. exchanged交换。结合上文可知Jose发现了这笔钱，然后报了警，归还了银行，所以是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱，故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：市长和警察局长认为这是阿尔伯克基历史上发现和归还的最大数额的一笔钱，因此举行了一个仪式来表彰Jose的诚实。A. confidence自信；B. honesty诚实；C. bravery勇敢；D. appreciation欣赏。根据上文内容可知Jose拾金不昧，所以应当是表扬他的诚实（honesty）。其他选项不符合语境。故选B。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许最重要的是，警察局长邀请Jose在他毕业后申请一份公共服务助理的工作。A. hold up举起；B. adapt to适应；C. wait for等待；D. apply for申请。根据后文“a job as a public service aid”可知是指申请一份公共服务助理的工作。故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许最重要的是，警察局长邀请Jose在他毕业后申请一份公共服务助理的工作。A. application申请；B. discovery发现；C. graduation毕业；D. event事件。根据上文“The 19-year-old college student”可知Jose还没有毕业，因此是邀请Jose在他毕业后申请一份公共服务助理的工作。故选C。
54．考查连词词义辨析。句意：妈妈打电话给我，她高兴得几乎哭了起来……A. or或者；B. and并且；C. so所以；D. but但是。根据空格前后内容可知，两者表示顺承关系，应用连词and。故选B。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我我做了正确的事情，她为我所做的感到骄傲。A. proud骄傲的，自豪的；B. considerate体贴的；C. worthy值得的；D. sure确信的。根据上文内容可知，Jose拾金不昧，所以妈妈在电话里告诉Jose说他做得对，她为他感到骄傲。短语be proud of“为……感到骄傲”故选A。
56．collected 57．and 58．to keep 59．smaller 60．our 61．an 62．which 63．researchers 64．mainly 65．would be needed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了一项新的研究，该研究表明欧罗巴产生的氧气比之前认为的要少。文章还提到了欧罗巴的海洋可能含有大量的水，以及未来的研究需求。
56．考查过去分词作定语。句意：这项研究基于美国宇航局的朱诺号宇宙飞船收集的数据。data和collect之间是被动关系，因此需要使用过去分词作定语。故填collected。
57．考查并列连词。句意：这项研究涉及朱诺的仪器测量来自欧罗巴大气的氧气和氢分子的水平。这里需要一个连词来连接氧气和氢分子。故填and。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国航天局表示，这足以支持一百万人一天的呼吸。横线前有enough，需要和to do构成固定搭配，enough to do的意思是“足够做……”。故填to keep。
59．考查形容词的比较级。句意：欧罗巴比地球的月亮小一些。这里需要一个比较级形容词，因为a little可以修饰形容词的比较级。故填smaller。
60．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：但它仍然是我们太阳系中最大的卫星之一。这里需要将we变成形容词性物主代词来修饰solar system。故填our。
61．考查冠词。句意：美国航天局的观测表明，在欧罗巴表面的厚冰层下存在一个海洋。ocean是可数名词，这里表示泛指，因此需要使用不定冠词，ocean是元音音素开头。故填an。
62．考查定语从句。句意：科学家估计这个卫星的海洋可能含有大量的水，其水量是地球海洋的两倍。这个句子是一个非限定性定语从句，横线在从句中作主语。故填which。
63．考查名词复数。句意：由于欧罗巴被认为在其表面下有一个大海洋，过去的研究人员认为它是支持某种生命形式的理想候选地。researcher是可数名词，意思是“研究员”，这里需要名词复数来表示一类人。故填researchers。
64．考查副词。句意：那项数据主要来自望远镜观测到的存在于月球冰冷表面的氧气水平。main是形容词，意思是“主要的”，这里需要一个副词来修饰came。故填mainly。
65．考查过去将来时的被动语态。句意：研究团队表示，未来需要更多的研究来确认最新的发现。根据句意可判断need应该变成被动语态，因为更多研究是被需要的；再根据“said in the future”可确定，时态应该选择过去将来时。故填would be needed。
66．Dear Jack,
I’m very happy to know that you are interested in the Tang poems. I’m writing this letter to recommend a book to you, which is called 300 Tang Poems.
This book is a very popular starter for people who want to learn the Tang poems. It has selected 311 Tang poems written by the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. It will be very helpful for you to understand Chinese poetry if you can learn some of them by heart.
Hope you will enjoy it!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写邮件给英国笔友Jack推荐一本与唐诗相关的书籍。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy→delighted
想要：want→would like
著名的：famous→renowned
非常：very→ extremely
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I’m writing this letter to recommend a book to you, which is called 300 Tang Poems.
拓展句：I’m writing this letter to recommend a book to you, the title of which is 300 Tang Poems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing this letter to recommend a book to you, which is called 300 Tang Poems.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It will be very helpful for you to understand Chinese poetry if you can learn some of them by heart.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
67．One possible version
Helpless, I sat outside the department head—Professor Parth’s office. Head held in my hands, I contained my tears, thinking that my dreams of higher education would finish there. Perhaps my teachers and the whole village were right. “I wouldn’t amount to anything.” Seeing me sitting there sad, Professor Parth invited me in. When he heard the situation of mine, Professor Parth remained silent for a while. Then he promised to lend me money to pay the fees, believing I could have a bright future. I felt too grateful to say a word.
From then on, things changed. I was able to shake off the bad boy image. Everyone in the university had a purpose. Being in that atmosphere forced me to think bigger. Every time I was stuck in a difficult situation, Professor Parth’s encouraging words would echo in my mind. It was his kindness and faith in me that inspired me to go on. He helped a bad village boy turn his life around. Sometimes, kindness may be powerful enough to make a real difference.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者曾经是一个村里的坏孩子，因为作者对学校和学习没有兴趣，说粗话，和其他“坏”男孩混在一起，逃课。作者在母亲的教育下，努力完成了高中学业。虽然最后被大学录取，但是作者家没有钱，这时系主任主动帮助了作者，作者也因此发生了改变，摆脱了坏男孩的形象。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“无奈之下，我坐在系主任帕思教授的办公室外面”可知，第一段可描写作者因为没钱上学很伤心，而系主任答应借钱给作者付学费。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，事情发生了变化”可知，第二段可描写作者的变化以及对此经历的感悟。
2.续写线索：没钱上学——在办公室外面伤心——系主任借钱——作者感激——作者改变——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①摆脱：shake off/get rid of
②克制：contain/hold back
③能够：be able to/be capable of
情绪类
①感谢：grateful/thankful
②强大：powerful/mighty
【点睛】[高分句型1] When he heard the situation of mine, Professor Parth remained silent for a while. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] It was his kindness and faith in me that inspired me to go on. (运用了强调句)

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