新概念英语第一册 语法点归纳学案 Lesson73-74(含练习答案)

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新概念英语第一册 语法点归纳学案 Lesson73-74(含练习答案)

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新概念英语第一册 语法点总结
Lesson73-74
语法点总结:副词的特征及用法
一、定义:副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
1. 一般副词主要分为以下几种:  
①.时间副词, 如: often, always, early, now  
②.地点副词, 如: here, there, above, outside  
③.方式副词, 如: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly  
④.程度副词, 如: very, quite, much, still, almost  
2.疑问副词(放在特殊疑问句的句首), 如: how, when, where, why  
3.关系副词(放在定语从句句首), 如: when, where, why  
4.连接副词(放在名词从句句首), 如: how, when, where, why, whether
5.形容词加-ly变副词的变化规则:
一般情况直接加 -ly
brave→bravely 英勇地; quiet→quietly 安静地
“辅音字母+ y”结尾,变 y 为 i,再加 -ly
easy→easily 轻易地; busy→busily 忙碌地
true→truly 真诚地; whole→wholly 完全地
以 -able, -ible 结尾的词, 去 e 再加-y
capable→capably 能干地
sensible→sensibly 容易感知地
以 - le 结尾, 加 -y
simple→simply简单地; gentle→gently温和地
特例: shy→shyly害羞地; good→well好,完全地
副词与形容词同形:
early adj. 早期的; adv. 提早
late adj. 迟的,晚的; adv. 迟,晚
slow adj.慢的; adv.缓慢地
fast adj. 迅速的; adv. 迅速
bad adj. 坏的; adv. 很,非常
enough adj.足够的; adv. 充分地
I didn't have enough clothes to last a week. 我的衣服不够一周穿的。
(enough 为形容词,修饰名词)
This house isn't big enough for us. 这房子对我们来说不够大。
(enough 为副词,修饰形容词)
本身是副词,加-ly后构成另外一个副词:
hard费力地; hardly 几乎不 near 接近; nearly 几乎,差不多
high高高地; highly 高度地 most 非常; mostly 主要地
deep深深地;deeply真诚地 late 迟,晚; lately 最近
close 接近地; closely 密切地 free 免费地; freely 自由地
注意:与形容词同形的副词一般表示具体意义;
加-ly的副词具有抽象意义,表示程度。
The picture is hanging high on the back wall. 这幅画高高地挂在后墙上。
Playing with fire is highly dangerous. 玩火是非常危险的。
二. 副词的位置 : 
1) 在实义动词之前。  
2) 在be动词、助动词之后。  
3) 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
注意:  
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。
例如: We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。  
b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。
例如:  He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。
三. 副词的排列顺序:  
1) 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。  
2) 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。例如:  
Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些  
3) 多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。  
注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。  
改错:I very like English.(错)    I like English very much.(对) 
注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。  
例如:  I don\'t know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。  
There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。
四. 兼有两种形式的副词  
1) close与closely  
close意思是\"近\";closely 意思是\"仔细地\
例如:  He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。  Watch him closely. 盯着他。  
2) late 与lately  
late意思是\"晚\";lately 意思是\"最近\"。
例如:  You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。  
What have you been doing lately 近来好吗   
3) deep与deeply  
deep意思是\"深\",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,\"深深地\"。
例如:  He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。  
Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 
4) high与highly  
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。
例如:  The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。  I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。  
5) wide与widely  
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是\"广泛地\",\"在许多地方\"。
例如:  He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。  English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。  
6) free与freely  
free的意思是\"免费\";freely 的意思是\"无限制地\"。
例如:  You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。
五.各种类型副词的位置  
英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:  
多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:  
He runs slowly.  他跑的很慢。  
时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:  
They went to the park yesterday morning.  昨天上午他们去公园了。  
I heard him sing English songs over there.  我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。  
注意:有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:  Yesterday I got up late.  昨天我起床很晚。  
频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前 。如:
He is seldom ill.  他很少生病。  
You must always remember this.  你一定要记住这一点。  
I often write to my parents.  我经常写信给父母。 
注意:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:  Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.  有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。  
程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:  
I nearly missed the bus.  我几乎错过了公交车。  
否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:  She seldom goes out at night.  她晚上很少出门。  
I am never late for school.  我上学从不迟到。  
疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:  
When can you come   你什么时候来   
还有what,how,why,how many等词
同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:  
The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.  明天会议将在教室里举行。  
注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等  
The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.  
这条路很宽,一次可以有8辆公共汽车去扔。
Open your mouth wide. 张大嘴巴。
专项练习(含解析)
一、选择题
1. The population of the world in 20th century became very much _________ than that in 19th.
A. bigger B. larger C. greater D. more
答案:B.(选择其他3项的同学要注意population的固定搭配是large。)
2. Miss Li is one of _______ in our school.
A. a popular teacher B. more popular teacher
C. most popular teacher D. the most popular teachers
答案:D.(选择其他3项的同学要注意one of + 复数的用法。)
3. The magazines are ______ easy that the children can read them well.
A. such B. so C. too D. very
答案:B.(选择A的同学要注意easy是形容词,要用so...that, 而不用such...that。)
4. -Would you like ________ more tea?-Thank you. I've had ________.
A. any, much B. some, enough C. some,much D. any, enough
答案:C.(选择B的同学要注意enough是形容词,不能说had enough。)
5. I think basketball is _______. I like to watch it.
A. boring B. bored C. exciting D. excited
答案:C.(选择D的同学要注意basketball本身很令人激动,excited表示被什么所感染而激动。)
6. This dinner looks _______ to me, and I like it.
A. terrible B. good C. badly D. nicely
答案:B.(选择D的同学要注意look在这里是系动词,后面要加形容词。)
7. The math problem is so hard that ________ students can work it out.
A. a few B. a little C. many D. few
答案:D.(选择A和C的同学要注意语境,这里指没有学生能做出来。)
8. -What's the weather like tomorrow?-The radio says it is going to be even ______.
A. bad B. worst C. badly D. worse
答案:D(选择A的同学要注意,even+比较级的用法。)
9. Though she talks ______, she has made ________ friends here.
A. a little, a few B. little, few
C. little, a few D. few, a few
答案:C.(选择A的同学要注意语境,这里指:虽然她不怎么说话,但她有一些朋友。)
10. He never does his work _______ Mary.
A. as careful as B. so careful as
C. as carefully as D. carefully as
答案:C.(选择A和B的同学要注意work 是行为动词,要用副词来修饰。)
二.根据中文意思连词成句.注意副词的位置和顺序
1.莉莉每天七点起床。
(at. every day. Lily. gets up. seven o’clock)
____________________________________________________________________
2.刚才他飞快地跑上楼去了。
(he. ran. just now. fast. upstairs)
____________________________________________________________________
3.我妹妹每天早上都会在花园里愉快的唱歌。
(sings. in the garden. my sister. every morning. happily)
____________________________________________________________________
4.这个女孩来自美国华盛顿。
(the. Washington. comes from. USA. girl)
____________________________________________________________________
5.他们星期天在公园玩的很开心。
(on Sunday. played. they. in the park. happily)
____________________________________________________________________

根据中文意思连词成句.注意副词的位置和顺序
答案:
1.Lily gets up at seven o’clock every day.
2He ran upstairs fast just now.
3My sister sings happily in the garden every morning.
4The girl comes from Washington, the USA.
5. They played happily in the park on Sunday.

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