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梅州中学2024届高三高考仿真卷
英语试题
命题时间：2024年5月7日
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Children’s Museums You Can Visit Virtually
Young learners can explore the subjects of art, history, science, archaeology, and more through children’s museums that offer a virtual window into real-time curiosities via webcams, live streams, computer-generated tours, and 360-degree photographs.
Glazer Children’s Museum
Creating life-long learners has always been the goal at Tampa, Florida’s Glazer Children’s Museum. Make a Rube Goldberg Machine, learn about atmospheric pressure through hands-on experiments, and participate in coloring activities, all from the comfort of your own home.
Children’s Museum of South Dakota
Seize the Play invites kids to pick a topic and then complete the scientific challenge. There are many activities to choose from like making puffy paint, creating fizzy bubbles, building an indoor fort, paper making and more. There’s a special page just for grown-ups where parents can gain access to extra resources like reviews, activity suggestions and more.
Kohl Children’s Museum
You’ll be able to access remote learning opportunities through Kohl Children’s Museum’s Home Zone. Each web series will walk you through science experiments, art projects, music classes, and more, all of which you can complete while at home.
Minnesota Children’s Museum
The Minnesota Children’s Museum has a huge library of videos that families can watch while at home. Kids can learn how to create a time capsule, learn about the color wheel through mixing primary paint colors, and create sensory bins. Read research on the science of play, get helpful tips, and stay informed by subscribing to a newsletter.
1. Which museum offers additional tips for guardians
A. Kohl Children’s Museum
B. Glazer Children’s Museum
C. Minnesota Children’s Museum
D. Children’s Museum of South Dakota
2. How can we get updated information about Minnesota Children’s Museum
A. By getting helpful tips.
B. By subscribing to a newsletter.
C. By watching a huge library of videos.
D. By reading research on the science of play.
3. What do these museums have in common
A. Creating indoor activities for children.
B. Teaching children to create sensory bins.
C. Offering children access to scientific experiments.
D. Encouraging children to complete the living challenge.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了孩子可以在线访问的4个儿童博物馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“There’s a special page just for grown-ups where parents can gain access to extra resources like reviews, activity suggestions and more.(有一个专门为成年人提供的页面，父母可以在这里获得额外的资源，比如评论、活动建议等等。)”可知，南达科他州儿童博物馆为监护人提供了额外的提示。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Read research on the science of play, get helpful tips, and stay informed by subscribing to a newsletter.(阅读关于游戏科学的研究，获得有用的建议，并通过订阅时事通讯保持信息灵通。) ”可知，通过订阅时事通讯来了解明尼苏达儿童博物馆的最新信息。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Young learners can explore the subjects of art, history, science, archaeology, and more through children’s museums that offer a virtual window into real-time curiosities via webcams, live streams, computer-generated tours, and 360-degree photographs.(年轻的学习者可以通过儿童博物馆探索艺术、历史、科学、考古等主题，这些博物馆通过网络摄像头、实时流媒体、计算机生成的游览和360度照片提供了一个实时满足好奇心的虚拟窗口。)”可知，这些博物馆的共同之处是为孩子们提供科学实验的机会。故选C。
B
Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India.
“Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, now 17. “They were just walking around that construction site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was: In that moment, Sia realized the troubling contrast to her own privilege.
“I went back home, looked at my own feet and thought, Wow, I’m 13 years old. My feet are so tender. ” Then she gave her shoes away to the children. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.”
The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and WhatsApp groups, inquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. For months, Sia was juggling schoolwork and her new passion project.
Now in its fifth year, the organization runs distribution drives in which Sole Warriors collects used footwear, refurbishes(整修) it and donates the finished products to people in need. Today Sole Warriors gave out 28,000 pairs of shoes. But the organization’s growth wasn’t without its challenges. When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the refurbishments free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler.
In recognition of her impact, in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, given to people aged nine to 25 in memory of the late Princess of Wales. Awarded by a U.K. based charity of the same name, it’s one of the most prestigious honours a young person can receive for social action or humanitarian work. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says.
4. What inspired Sia to set up Sole Warriors
A. Sia loved collecting shoes.
B. Children didn’t have beautiful shoes.
C. Children at the construction site had no shoes.
D. Children had to walk around the construction site.
5. What’s people’s attitude to the Sole Warriors once it turned out on the Internet
A. Uncared B. Strange C. Concerned D. Supportive
6. What does Sia plan to do in the future
A. Make more shoes
B. Donate more shoes
C. Find more co-operation partners
D. Set up branches of the organization
7. Which of the following can best describe Sia
A. Patient and clever
B. Kind and knowledgeable
C. Determined and warm-hearted
D. Adventurous and hard-working
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了13岁的女孩Sia Godika在看见建筑工人的孩子们没有鞋子穿，在父母的帮助下成立了慈善组织Sole Warriors，致力于为有需要的人提供鞋子的事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India.(13岁的希雅·戈迪卡在她家附近的建筑工地发现了赤脚的建筑工人的孩子)”及第二段““They were just walking around that construction site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was: In that moment, Sia realized the troubling contrast to her own privilege.(“他们只是在建筑工地走来走去，就好像这是他们的日常练习一样。”就在那一刻，希雅意识到与自己的特权形成的令人不安的反差)”及第三段“Then she gave her shoes away to the children. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.”(然后她把鞋子送给了孩子们。同年晚些时候，在父母和社区志愿者的帮助下，希雅成立了一家名为Sole Warriors的慈善机构，致力于向那些有需要的人提供鞋子，其座右铭是：“捐赠一只鞋底，拯救一个灵魂。”)”可知，看到建筑工地上的孩子没有鞋子穿让Sia成立了慈善机构Sole Warriors。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and WhatsApp groups, inquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in.(这个想法开始于她和父母的一次晚餐谈话，后来迅速发展起来。在她用海报和WhatsApp群传播消息后，想要提供帮助的人蜂拥而至)”可知，人们对Sole Warriors的态度是支持的。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Now in its fifth year, the organization runs distribution drives in which Sole Warriors collects used footwear, refurbishes it and donates the finished products to people in need.(现在是该组织成立的第五年，该组织开展了分发活动，Sole Warriors收集二手鞋，翻新鞋，并将成品捐赠给有需要的人)”及最后一段“But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says.(但她的工作还没有完成。“我们的目标一直是触摸一百万双脚，”她说)”可知，Sia未来的计划是捐赠更多的鞋给有需要的人。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I went back home, looked at my own feet and thought, Wow, I’m 13 years old. My feet are so tender. ” Then she gave her shoes away to the children.(“我回到家，看着自己的脚，心想，哇，我13岁了。我的脚太嫩了。”然后她把鞋子送给了孩子们)”可知，Sia看到建筑工地上的孩子们没有鞋穿，就想着将自己的鞋子送给他们，她是热心肠的。根据文章倒数第二段“When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the refurbishments free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler.(在寻找合作者，比如免费翻新的公司时，Sia遇到了一个又一个障碍，最终找到了印度的Pressto Cobbler合作伙伴)”可知，即使遇到困难，Sia也将自己的理想坚持下去，所以她是有决心的。故选C。
C
Have you ever been hungry and tired and wished you could solve both problems at once If you were a reindeer, it would be easy. According to new research, these talented deer can have a snooze while they chew their food.
Like cows and about 200 other mammals reindeer use a process called rumination to break down the tough plant fibers they eat. This process involves passing the food back and forth between their mouth and the four chambers of their stomach, chewing it repeatedly until all the nutrients have been absorbed. All that chewing seems to leave very little time for sleep.
To find out their secret to getting enough rest, scientists fitted four female reindeer in a stable with devices that monitored their brainwaves. While the reindeer were ruminating, their brainwaves were similar to the patterns shown during light sleep. The animals sat or stood quietly with their eyes closed, and they were less likely than usual to react to the rustling of a neighboring deer’s movements. “They were in a very relaxed state,” researcher Melanie Furrer told Science News.
The chewing motion made it hard for the researchers to tell whether the animals’ brain waves were truly in sleep mode, bringing the benefits of a night’s rest. But when they tested the deer again after rumination, the animals’ brain activity showed that they felt rested.
If reindeer are kept awake for too long, they need extra “recovery sleep” to catch up. After ruminating, however, the deer did not need as much recovery sleep. Study co-author Gabriela Wagner told NPR that ruminating serves two different purposes at the same time. “Not only does it help them to get the most energy out of the food they have,” she said, “but it also makes sure that their brain gets enough rest and they get the sleep they need.”
8. What does the underlined sentence in Para 1 mean
A. It is easy for reindeer to be hungry.
B. Reindeer can eat and sleep simultaneously.
C. People can not solve the problem like a reindeer.
D. Reindeer are talented so that they can solve the problem.
9. What can we learn about rumination
A. It allows reindeer to absorb all the nutrients.
B. It functions because of the four chambers of stomach.
C. Reindeer use rumination to pass the food back and forth.
D. All mammals use rumination to break down the fibers they eat.
10. How is para 3 developed
A. By analyzing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By stating arguments. D. By describing process.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. Ruminating Serves Benefits For Reindeer
B. Ruminating Provides Extra Recovery Sleep
C. Ruminating Allows Reindeer Sleep And Eat
D. Getting Enough Sleep Is Essential For Reindeer
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了驯鹿在进行反刍的同时进入睡眠状态，从而解决了同时感到饥饿和疲倦的问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Have you ever been hungry and tired and wished you could solve both problems at once If you were a reindeer, it would be easy. According to new research, these talented deer can have a snooze while they chew their food.(你是否曾经又饿又累，希望能同时解决这两个问题？如果你是驯鹿，那就容易多了。根据一项新的研究，这些有天赋的鹿在咀嚼食物时可以打个盹。)”可知，划线句子说的是驯鹿可以同时做到吃饭和睡觉两件事。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“This process involves passing the food back and forth between their mouth and the four chambers of their stomach, chewing it repeatedly until all the nutrients have been absorbed.(这个过程包括在它们的嘴和胃的四个腔之间来回传递食物，反复咀嚼直到所有的营养物质都被吸收。) ”可知，反刍可以让驯鹿吸收所有的营养。故选A。
10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“To find out their secret to getting enough rest, scientists fitted four female reindeer in a stable with devices that monitored their brainwaves. While the reindeer were ruminating, their brainwaves were similar to the patterns shown during light sleep. The animals sat or stood quietly with their eyes closed, and they were less likely than usual to react to the rustling of a neighboring deer’s movements. “They were in a very relaxed state,” researcher Melanie Furrer told Science News.(为了找出它们获得充足休息的秘密，科学家们在一个马厩里安置了四只母驯鹿，并安装了监测它们脑电波的设备。当驯鹿反刍时，它们的脑电波与浅睡眠时的模式相似。这些动物闭着眼睛安静地坐着或站着，它们对邻近鹿的沙沙声的反应比平时要小。“它们处于非常放松的状态，”研究人员Melanie Furrer告诉《科学新闻》。)”可知，该段描述了研究人员研究驯鹿在进行反刍的同时进入睡眠状态的过程。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Have you ever been hungry and tired and wished you could solve both problems at once If you were a reindeer, it would be easy. According to new research, these talented deer can have a snooze while they chew their food.(你是否曾经又饿又累，希望能同时解决这两个问题？如果你是驯鹿，那就容易多了。根据一项新的研究，这些有天赋的鹿在咀嚼食物时可以打个盹。)”可知， 文章主要讲述了驯鹿可以在进行反刍的同时进入睡眠状态，从而解决了同时感到饥饿和疲倦的问题。C项(反刍可以让驯鹿睡觉和吃饭同时进行)为最佳标题。故选C。
D
Even in the most speculative reaches of science fiction, there is no escaping humanity’s dependence on liquid water. The residents of the desert world Arrakis, accessible to anyone with a copy of Frank Herbert’s novel “Dune”, use windtraps to steal precious liquid from the air.
Collecting water from the air is nothing new. The Inca, who are widely thought to have invented the technique,placed buckets under trees to collect the condensation from heavy fog drifting in off the sea. People dwelling in the arid mountains of Oman have long built cisterns under trees for the same reason.
Instead of using leaves as condensation traps, however, which drip over an impractically large area, modern traps instead consist of sheets of very fine polymer mesh. As fog flows through the sheets, tiny droplets of water stick to the polymer fibres. These droplets grow until gravity pulls them into a compact trough and, thence, a reservoir. While collectors vary in size, a 40-metres-square collector in a reasonably foggy area yields around 200 litres a day, enough to supply 60 people with drinking water.
A team led by Dr Stachewicz found that the sheet could be made even more productive by changing the way in which its polymer threads were manufactured. Dr Stachewicz theorized that careful manufacture via a process known as electrospinning could lend the sheet a slight electrical charge that would prove attractive to water droplets in fog. In experiments conducted in 2021 she and a team of colleagues found that such sheets yielded 50%more water.
This past August, Dr Stachewicz reported further improvements by adding TiO to the mesh. Previous work had shown that TiO could be intensely attractive to water upon exposure to ultraviolet light-a hindrance under extremely foggy conditions, as water would stick to the mesh rather than trickle into the cistern. When fog was light, however, Dr Stachewicz and Mr Parisi found that a TiO -enhanced mesh became 30% more effective. Her fog collectors are now being used at sites on three continents.
This technology suggests a brighter future is possible. Areas so dry as to have gone without rainfall since modern records began may one day yield enough water to sustain settlement. And not just on a fictional planet.
12. Why did the writer mention a copy of Frank Herber’s novel
A. Because the characters also get water from the air.
B. Because people in the novel also live without water.
C. Because it sets an opposite example of getting water.
D. Because the engineers got the inspiration of inventing traps from the novel.
13. Which is the first step that the traps today use to gather water
A. Water from leaves drips over a large area.
B. Gravity pulls the droplets into a container.
C. Fog streams through sheets of polymer mesh and adhere to it.
D. Fog flows through sheets of polymer mesh and the polymer fibres.
14. What effect does TiO have on the polymer mesh when exposed to ultraviolet light
A. It purifies water droplets.
B. It appeals to water droplets.
C. It fights against water droplets.
D. It blocks the fog from flowing.
15 What is the main idea of the passage
A. How to capture water from the air.
B. A solution to relieving water stress.
C. Getting water from the air with different methods.
D. Using windtraps to steal precious liquid from the air.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了利用一种新型技术收集雾气中的水分，为干旱地区提供饮水，并展望了这项技术的潜在应用前景。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Even in the most speculative reaches of science fiction, there is no escaping humanity’s dependence on liquid water. The residents of the desert world Arrakis, accessible to anyone with a copy of Frank Herbert’s novel “Dune”, use windtraps to steal precious liquid from the air.(即使在科幻小说中，人类对液态水的依赖也是不可避免的。任何拥有弗兰克·赫伯特的小说《沙丘》的人都可以进入沙漠世界阿拉基斯，那里的居民利用捕风器从空气中窃取珍贵的液体。)”可知，作者提到了弗兰克·赫伯的小说是因为小说中的人物也从空气中获得水分。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Instead of using leaves as condensation traps, however, which drip over an impractically large area, modern traps instead consist of sheets of very fine polymer mesh. As fog flows through the sheets, tiny droplets of water stick to the polymer fibres. These droplets grow until gravity pulls them into a compact trough and, thence, a reservoir. (然而，现代的捕集器由非常精细的聚合物网片组成，而不是使用树叶作为凝结捕集器，因为它会在不切实际的大范围内滴下。当雾流过床单时，微小的水滴会附着在聚合物纤维上。这些液滴不断生长，直到重力把它们拉进一个紧凑的槽，从而形成一个水库。) ”可知，现在的捕集器用来收集水的第一步是雾流通过聚合物网片并粘附在上面。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“TiO could be intensely attractive to water upon exposure to ultraviolet light-a hindrance under extremely foggy conditions, as water would stick to the mesh rather than trickle into the cistern.(二氧化钛在紫外线照射下会对水产生强烈的吸引力，这在极端雾蒙蒙的条件下是一种障碍，因为水会粘在网眼上，而不是涓涓细流到水箱里。)”可知，当紫外线照射时，二氧化钛会吸引水滴。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第三段的“While collectors vary in size, a 40-metres-square collector in a reasonably foggy area yields around 200 litres a day, enough to supply 60 people with drinking water.(虽然收集器的大小各不相同，但在雾气较大的地区，一个40平方米的收集器每天可产生约200升的水，足以供应60人的饮用水。)”和最后一段的“This technology suggests a brighter future is possible. Areas so dry as to have gone without rainfall since modern records began may one day yield enough water to sustain settlement. And not just on a fictional planet.(这项技术表明，更光明的未来是可能的。自现代记录开始以来，干旱到没有降雨的地区可能有一天会产生足够的水来维持定居。而且不仅仅是在一个虚构的星球上。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是如何从空气中获取水。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new book, in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”— people who are consistently able to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking. ____16____ Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you.
____17____ If you are having a practical conversation, be ready to give good advice. If you are engaging in emotional discussions seeking empathy, you may show your support by being a good listener. If you’re in a social dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us, be mindful of the different perspectives each person brings to the table and seek common ground.
Prove we’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or nodding intently. But proving to someone that you’re listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard. ____18____ Next, repeat back in your own words what they just told you. Lastly, ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.
Ask the right questions. Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you’re interested in the conversation, like “So did you make it on time ” or “What happened next ” Ask questions like people’s values, beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection. ____19____ When in doubt, just ask “why.’ People love to talk about how they see the world.
Aim to understand. The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share your own views accordingly. If people know you want to understand them, they’re going to want to understand you. ____20____
A. Realize what are the real questions.
B. Do you want to be a supercommunicator
C. These deep questions get people to open up.
D. It is not that easy to be a supercommunicators.
E. Know what kind of conversation you’re having.
F. That is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
G. Ask someone a question first and then listen to their response.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了Charles Duhigg提出的“超级沟通者”的共同特征即有效的倾听和提问，并提出了一系列可以帮助读者成为更好沟通者的技巧。
16题详解】
根据上文的“One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new book, in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”— people who are consistently able to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking. (普利策奖得主之一的记者Charles Duhigg出版了一本新书，他在书中总结了“超级沟通者”的共同特征——那些始终能够通过倾听和交谈与他人建立真实联系的人。)和下文的“Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you.(这里是Charles Duhigg推荐的一套技能，可以帮助到你。)”可知，B项(你想成为一个超级沟通者吗？)承接上文，说明了作为超级沟通者是有好处的，下文作为过渡句引出后文的具体技巧，故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据下文的“If you are having a practical conversation, be ready to give good advice. If you are engaging in emotional discussions seeking empathy, you may show your support by being a good listener. If you’re in a social dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us, be mindful of the different perspectives each person brings to the table and seek common ground.(如果你正在进行一场实际的对话，准备好给出好的建议。如果你参与情感讨论寻求共鸣，你可以通过做一个好的倾听者来表达你的支持。如果你正在进行一场反映我们如何看待他人和他人如何看待我们的社交对话，请注意每个人带来的不同观点，并寻求共同点。)”可知，本段列举出了三种对话类型，E项(要知道你们在进行什么样的对话。)可以作为话题句，能够概括本段内容，指出了要清楚对话类型才能采取对应的策略，故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文的“Prove we’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or nodding intently. But proving to someone that you’re listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard. (证明我们在倾听。有很多方法可以让你看起来在倾听，比如眼神交流或专心点头。但向别人证明你在倾听是让别人感到被倾听的最快途径。)”和下文的“Next, repeat back in your own words what they just told you. Lastly, ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.(接下来，用你自己的话重复他们刚刚告诉你的话。最后，问问你的对话对象你是否理解对了。)”可知，G项(先问别人一个问题，然后听他们的回答。)承接上文，指出了如何做好倾听，下文为做好倾听的第二步，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据上文的“Ask the right questions. Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you’re interested in the conversation, like “So did you make it on time ” or “What happened next ” Ask questions like people’s values, beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection.(问正确的问题。问一些后续问题，让对方知道你对谈话感兴趣，比如“你准时到了吗？”或者“接下来发生了什么？”问一些问题，比如人们的价值观、信仰或经历，激发情感联系的机会。)”和下文的“When in doubt, just ask “why” .People love to talk about how they see the world.(当你有疑问的时候，只要问“为什么”。“人们喜欢谈论他们如何看待这个世界。)”可知，C项(这些深刻的问题让人们敞开心扉。)承接上文，说明了问深刻问题的好处，“these deep questions”指的是上文的“ people’s values, beliefs or experiences”提到的有关问题，下文继续讲述如何保持对话的有效进行，故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文的“Aim to understand. The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share your own views accordingly. If people know you want to understand them, they’re going to want to understand you.(以理解为目标。讨论的目的不是为了给某人留下深刻印象，说服某人或等着轮到他们说话。它是真正理解别人的观点，并据此分享你自己的观点。如果人们知道你想要理解他们，他们也会想要理解你。)”可知，F项(这实际上是最神奇的事情。)承接上文，说明了人们有彼此理解的需求，一方想要深入理解对方时，也会使对方想要做出同样的事情，故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sumiel was having a tough Friday. It was October 2020, and the 71-year-old, who was dealing with kidney failure and had been on dialysis(透析) for a few years, ____21____ himself at a vascular center 30 miles from ____22____ for the second time in 24 hours.
Sumiel was no ____23____ to the struggles of kidney disease. He’d been diagnosed with diabetes more than 20 years before, which ____24____ his kidney problems. He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet ____25____.
Timothy Letts, 31, was driving north to visit a friend when his phone ____26____ with the request for Sumiel’s ride home. The ____27____ was out of Letts’s way. Still, he took the fare, ____28____ if the passenger was coming from a medical facility, he likely needed a ride.
As they set out on the 40-minute ____29____ to Sumiel’s home in Salem, the pair got to chatting. Knowing that he was searching for a kidney donor, Letts joked he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or ____30____.
Sumiel was touched by Letts’s offer, though he wondered if it had just been an ____31____ moment. But Letts was true to his ____32____. He contacted the kidney transplant program. To their surprise, Letts was an ____33____ donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
14 months after they ended up in the same car ____34____, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success. Later, Letts had moved to Germany to work. But they kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could ____35____.
21. A. decided B. set C. arranged D. found
22. A. facility B. home C. program D. office
23. A. stranger B. donor C. patient D. doctor
24. A. added to B. apply to C. adapt to D. led to
25. A. answered B. seen C. appeared D. sent
26. A. broke B. rang C. called D. shook
27. A. request B. fare C. trip D. match
28. A. taking B. figuring C. guessing D. realizing
29. A. drive B. deal C. contact D. rest
30. A. smell B. hear C. smoke D. drive
31. A. emotional B. thoughtful C. essential D. sensitive
32. A. dream B. work C. goal D. word
33. A. ideal B. original C. special D. unique
34. A. on time B. by chance C. in time D. by means
35. A. handle B. pursue C. reunite D. arrive
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了肾脏病患者Sumiel偶然地乘坐司机Timothy Letts的车得到了其捐赠肾脏的感人故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2020年10月，这位71岁的老人患有肾衰竭，已经进行了几年的透析，他发现自己在24小时内第二次来到离家30英里的血管中心。A. decided决定；B. set设置；C. arranged 安排；D. found发现，发觉（处于某状态、在做某事）。根据上文的“the 71-year-old, who was dealing with kidney failure and had been on dialysis for a few years”可知，71岁的Sumiel是肾脏病患者，发现自己又一次来到了血管中心。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是2020年10月，这位71岁的老人患有肾衰竭，已经进行了几年的透析，他发现自己在24小时内第二次来到离家30英里的血管中心。A. facility设施，场所；B. home家；C. program程序；D. office办公室。根据第四段的“Sumiel’s home in Salem”可知，Sumiel的家在Salem，他在离家30英里的血管中心。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel对与肾病作斗争并不陌生。A. stranger陌生人；B. donor 捐赠者；C. patient病人；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“He’d been diagnosed with diabetes more than 20 years before, which...his kidney problems.”可知，Sumiel在20多年前被诊断为糖尿病，并因此引发肾病，因此他对与肾病作斗争并不陌生。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sumiel在20多年前被诊断为糖尿病，并因此引发肾病。A. added to 增加；B. apply to应用于；C. adapt to适应；D. led to导致。根据上文的“He’d been diagnosed with diabetes more than 20 years before”可知，Sumiel在20多年前被诊断为糖尿病，并因此引发肾病。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经在移植名单上，但合适的配对者还没有出现。A. answered 回答；B. seen看见；C. appeared出现；D. sent发送。根据上文的“He was on the transplant list.”及but可知，虽然他已经列在移植名单上进行等候了，但合适的配对者还没有出现。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：31岁的Timothy Letts开车北上看朋友时，他的电话响了，要求载Sumiel回家。A. broke打破；B. rang响起；C. called打电话；D. shook摇动。根据下文的“Still, he took the fare,...if the passenger was coming from a medical facility, he likely needed a ride.”可知，Letts应该是网约车司机，手机响起了是因为接到了搭车请求。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个路程与Letts不同路。A. request要求；B. fare车费；C. trip旅途，路途；D. match匹配。根据下文的“Still, he took the fare,...if the passenger was coming from a medical facility, he likely needed a ride.”可知，Letts本不想接单，因为担心是病人需要搭车才接了订单，由此可知，Sumiel跟Letts并不同路，路途是不一致的。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他仍然接了这笔订单，考虑到如果病人是从疾病中心来的，或许需要搭车。A. taking拿走；B. figuring考虑，认为；C. guessing猜测；D. realizing意识到。根据上文的“The...was out of Letts’s way. Still, he took the fare”可知， Sumiel跟Letts并不同路，但Letts仍然接了这笔订单，说明他考虑到了如果病人是从疾病中心来的，或许需要搭车。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们到Sumiel的家的这次40分钟的路程里，他们聊起了天。A. drive驾驶；B. deal交易；C. contact联系；D. rest休息。根据上文的“if the passenger was coming from a medical facility, he likely needed a ride”可知，这里表示40分钟的驾驶路程。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己在寻找肾脏捐赠者后，Letts开玩笑说，考虑到他不喝酒也不抽烟，他会是一个很好的捐赠者候选人。A. smell闻；B. hear听见；C. smoke吸烟；D. drive开车。根据上文的“Letts joked he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink”可知，Letts没有不良嗜好，会是一个很好的捐赠者候选人，由此可知，他不喝酒也不抽烟。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel 被Letts的提议感动了，不过他想知道这是否只是Letts一时激动才说出的。A. emotional情绪激动的；B. thoughtful思考周全的；C. essential必要的 D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文的“Letts joked he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or...”可知，Sumiel不确定Letts是否是因为情绪激动才说出要捐赠肾脏的。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，Letts却信守诺言。A. dream梦想；B. work工作；C. goal目标；D. word话语。根据下文的“He contacted the kidney transplant program.”可知，Letts说话算数，be true to one’s word意为“信守诺言”。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令他们惊讶的是，Letts是一个理想的捐赠者，他和Sumiel是完美的一对。A. ideal理想的；B. original最初的；C. special特别的；D. unique独特的。根据“he and Sumiel were a perfect match”可知，Letts是一个理想的捐赠者。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在他们偶然上了同一辆车的14个月后，Sumiel和Letts接受了手术。A. on time按时；B. by chance偶然；C. in time及时；D. by means(of)通过某方式。根据上文的“Timothy Letts, 31, was driving north to visit a friend when his phone...with the request for Sumiel’s ride home.”可知，他们此前并不认识彼此，是偶然上了同一辆车。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们保持着联系，期待着团聚的那一天。A. handle处理；B. pursue追寻；C. reunite团聚；D. arrive到达。根据上文的“Later, Letts had moved to Germany to work.”可知，后来Letts搬到德国工作了，他们分开了，再由but表示转折可知，他们期待着团聚的那一天。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 37th International Kite Festival in Berck-sur-Mer opened on April 20 on a beach in France. As the largest and ____36____ (influence) kite-themed event in France, it attracted global visitors and kites from 25 countries and regions. China made a wonderful ____37____ (appear) as the first-ever guest country of honor at the event.
Chinese-inflected cultural activities took place at the festival, including flying performance at the opening ceremony, workshops for kite-making ____38____ (technique) by artisans (工匠) from Weifang, as well as performances and experiential activities from lion dances ____39____ martial arts and performances of traditional Chinese instruments and tea ceremonies.
Yan Zhenquan, minister counselor of the Chinese Embassy in France, Jacques Billant, governor of Pas-de-Calais, ____40____ Liu Hongge, director of the China Cultural Center in Paris attended and ____41____ (deliver) speeches. Liu said, “the kite is a key image representing ____42____ friendship between China and France.” In 1958, the two countries coproduced a film titled Fengzheng____43____(concern) the adventures and friendship between Chinese and French children ____44____ (create) by a kite. Liu also noted that as the organizer of guest country activities, the China Cultural Center in Paris would continue to use kites as a medium ____45____(tell) stories about kite culture in China and France, foster mutual understanding between peoples, and contribute to the success of the China-France Year of Culture and Tourism.
【答案】36 most influential
37. appearance
38. techniques
39. to 40. and
41. delivered
42. the 43. concerning
44. created
45. to tell
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了法国Berck-sur-Mer举办的第37届国际风筝节作为法国最大、最具影响力的风筝主题活动，吸引了来自25个国家和地区的游客和风筝参展。
【36题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：作为法国规模最大、影响力最大的风筝主题活动，它吸引了来自全球25个国家和地区的游客和风筝。根据“the largest”可知，influence也使用形容词的最高级，需要的词义为“最具影响力的”，即most influential，它们作定语修饰“kite-themed event”，共用定冠词the，故填most influential。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国作为首个主宾国精彩亮相。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“出现”，即appearance，前面有不定冠词a，故填appearance。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：节日期间还举办了具有中国特色的文化活动，包括开幕式上的飞行表演、潍坊工匠的风筝制作技术讲习班，以及舞狮、武术、传统中国乐器和茶道等表演和体验活动。此处应填名词作宾语，它是可数名词，为泛指意义，需要变复数，故填techniques。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：节日期间还举办了具有中国特色的文化活动，包括开幕式上的飞行表演、潍坊工匠的风筝制作技术讲习班，以及舞狮、武术、传统中国乐器和茶道等表演和体验活动。固定短语“from...to...”意为“从……到……”，故填to。
【40题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：中国驻法国大使馆公使级参赞严振权、加来省省长比朗、巴黎中国文化中心主任刘洪阁等出席并致辞。前后这几个人为并列关系，使用并列连词and连接最后两个人，故填and。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国驻法国大使馆公使级参赞严振权、加来省省长比朗、巴黎中国文化中心主任刘洪阁等出席并致辞。根据“attended”可知，deliver也使用一般过去时，故填delivered。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：刘说：“风筝是代表中法友谊的重要形象。”“friendship”后面有定语“between China and France”修饰，为特指意义，前面应该使用定冠词，故填the。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：1958年，两国联合制作了一部名为《风筝》的电影，讲述了由风筝创造的中法两国儿童之间的冒险和友谊。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入介词，需要的词义为“关于”，即concerning，故填concerning。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：1958年，两国联合制作了一部名为《风筝》的电影，讲述了由风筝创造的中法两国儿童之间的冒险和友谊。设空处为非谓语动词，“adventures and friendship ”和“create”之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语，故填created。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他还表示，作为嘉宾国活动的组织者，巴黎中国文化中心将继续以风筝为媒介，讲述中法风筝文化，增进两国人民之间的相互了解，为中法文化旅游年的成功举办做出贡献。use...to do：用……去做某事，不定式作目的状语，故填to tell。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你们学校下周将举办首届茶文化交流节，英国罗素中学（Rossell School）的部分师生受邀来参加活动。你作为学生代表，将在为他们举办的欢迎会上发言，请你写一篇发言稿。要点如下：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍交流节活动；
3.邀请对方分享英国茶文化。
注意；
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Friends,
We are more than delighted to have teachers and students from British Rossell School visiting us. They are going to join us in the following first Tea Culture Exchange Festival held by our school. Welcome, my friends.
As planned, the festival is to take place on the campus on December 10th. During the event, you can have a good taste of all kinds of Chinese tea and learn Chinese tea culture. Also, we have invited our friends from Britain to share their tea and tea culture with us, which I’m really looking forward to.
I’m sure this event will broaden our horizon and we’ll have a better understanding of tea culture.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于发言稿。学校下周将举办首届茶文化交流节，英国罗素中学部分师生受邀来参加活动，要求考生作为学生代表，在为他们举办的欢迎会上发言。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/happy
计划：plan→schedule
期待：look forward to→expect
确信的：sure→certain
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As planned, the festival is to take place on the campus on December 10th.
拓展句：As planned, the festival which falls on December 10th is to take place on the campus.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As planned, the festival is to take place on the campus on December 10th.(运用了省略的状语从句)
[高分句型2] Also, we have invited our friends from Britain to share their tea and tea culture with us, which I’m really looking forward to.(运用了which引导的定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a newspaper around the culture we were studying.
On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other.
The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake!
Then I heard it. The last group: “Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who wore weird clothes. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends.
After class, I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett’s office. She looked at me and knew what I was there for. I was determined to convince her I should be in the “good” group. “Why. . . ” I started.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs.Bartlett sat me down and began to talk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I bravely walked to the last group.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Mr. Bartlett sat me down and began to talk. She gently placed a hand on my shoulder. “I know what you want,” she said, “but your group needs you. I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment. Only you can help them.” Stunned, I didn’t say a single word. “Will you help them ” she asked. Hesitating for moment, I replied “Yes! Let me have a go!” I couldn’t believe it came out of my mouth, but it did. I had committed. I thought that I was given a chance to see my classmates in a new light.
I bravely walked to the last group. I sat down and we started to create a newspaper. Different newspaper columns were assigned according to our interests.Then we did research. Through the week, I didn’t show any dissatisfaction before other three classmates. Instead, we became good friends. I felt myself enjoying the company of them. Through our cooperation, a newspaper was successfully made.
【解析】
【导语】本文以故事发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了老师在课堂上宣布一个新项目，学生们需要分组创建围绕他们正在学习的文化主题的报纸，而主人公希望和自己的朋友Missy一起组队。然而，在老师宣布分组结果时，主人公却没有被分到和自己想要的朋友一起的小组，而是被分到了另一个小组，为此主人公感到失望和沮丧并去找老师讨论这个分组决定的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Mrs.Bartlett 让我坐下，开始说话。”可知，第一段可描写“Mrs.Bartlett 了解我的想法并鼓励我帮助组员，我最终同意了”的相关细节。
②由第二段首句内容“我勇敢地走到最后一组。”可知，第二段可描写“我和组员合作研究制作报纸并很愉快地取得了成功”的相关细节。
2.续写线索：老师鼓励我——我犹豫后同意——和组员合作——成为朋友——愉快完成任务
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助：help/assist
②回答：reply/answer/respond
③表现：show/display
情绪类
①不满：dissatisfaction/complaint
②惊讶的：stunned/astonished/astounded
【点睛】【高分句型1】I thought that I was given a chance to see my classmates in a new light.(使用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I felt myself enjoying the company of them. (使用了现在分词作宾语补足语)梅州中学2024届高三高考仿真卷
英语试题
命题时间：2024年5月7日
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Children’s Museums You Can Visit Virtually
Young learners can explore the subjects of art, history, science, archaeology, and more through children’s museums that offer a virtual window into real-time curiosities via webcams, live streams, computer-generated tours, and 360-degree photographs.
Glazer Children’s Museum
Creating life-long learners has always been the goal at Tampa, Florida’s Glazer Children’s Museum. Make a Rube Goldberg Machine, learn about atmospheric pressure through hands-on experiments, and participate in coloring activities, all from the comfort of your own home.
Children’s Museum of South Dakota
Seize the Play invites kids to pick a topic and then complete the scientific challenge. There are many activities to choose from like making puffy paint, creating fizzy bubbles, building an indoor fort, paper making and more. There’s a special page just for grown-ups where parents can gain access to extra resources like reviews, activity suggestions and more.
Kohl Children’s Museum
You’ll be able to access remote learning opportunities through Kohl Children’s Museum’s Home Zone. Each web series will walk you through science experiments, art projects, music classes, and more, all of which you can complete while at home.
Minnesota Children’s Museum
The Minnesota Children’s Museum has a huge library of videos that families can watch while at home. Kids can learn how to create a time capsule, learn about the color wheel through mixing primary paint colors, and create sensory bins. Read research on the science of play, get helpful tips, and stay informed by subscribing to a newsletter.
1. Which museum offers additional tips for guardians
A. Kohl Children’s Museum
B. Glazer Children’s Museum
C. Minnesota Children’s Museum
D. Children’s Museum of South Dakota
2. How can we get updated information about Minnesota Children’s Museum
A. By getting helpful tips.
B. By subscribing to a newsletter.
C. By watching a huge library of videos.
D. By reading research on the science of play.
3. What do these museums have in common
A. Creating indoor activities for children.
B. Teaching children to create sensory bins.
C. Offering children access to scientific experiments.
D. Encouraging children to complete the living challenge.
B
Sia Godika was 13 when she noticed the barefoot children of construction workers at a building site near her house in the upscale Koramangala district of Bangalore, India.
“Their feet were bare. Cracked. Hard. Dirty. Bleeding,” reflects Sia, now 17. “They were just walking around that construction site like it was an everyday practice for them.” And it was: In that moment, Sia realized the troubling contrast to her own privilege.
“I went back home, looked at my own feet and thought, Wow, I’m 13 years old. My feet are so tender. ” Then she gave her shoes away to the children. Later that year, with the help of her parents and community volunteers, Sia founded Sole Warriors, a charity dedicated to providing footwear to those in need, epitomized by its motto: “Donate a sole, save a soul.”
The idea, which started as a dinner conversation with her parents, quickly grew. After she spread the word with posters and WhatsApp groups, inquiries from people who wanted to help came flooding in. For months, Sia was juggling schoolwork and her new passion project.
Now in its fifth year the organization runs distribution drives in which Sole Warriors collects used footwear, refurbishes(整修) it and donates the finished products to people in need. Today Sole Warriors gave out 28,000 pairs of shoes. But the organization’s growth wasn’t without its challenges. When it came to looking for collaborators, such as a company that would do the refurbishments free of charge, Sia faced one obstacle after another before finding a partner in India’s Pressto Cobbler.
In recognition of her impact in 2021 Sia was given the Diana Award, given to people aged nine to 25 in memory of the late Princess of Wales. Awarded by a U.K. based charity of the same name, it’s one of the most prestigious honours a young person can receive for social action or humanitarian work. But her work isn’t done. “Our goal has always been to touch a million feet,” she says.
4. What inspired Sia to set up Sole Warriors
A. Sia loved collecting shoes.
B. Children didn’t have beautiful shoes.
C. Children at the construction site had no shoes.
D. Children had to walk around the construction site.
5. What’s people’s attitude to the Sole Warriors once it turned out on the Internet
A. Uncared B. Strange C. Concerned D. Supportive
6. What does Sia plan to do in the future
A. Make more shoes
B. Donate more shoes
C. Find more co-operation partners
D. Set up branches of the organization
7 Which of the following can best describe Sia
A. Patient and clever
B. Kind and knowledgeable
C. Determined and warm-hearted
D. Adventurous and hard-working
C
Have you ever been hungry and tired and wished you could solve both problems at once If you were a reindeer, it would be easy. According to new research, these talented deer can have a snooze while they chew their food.
Like cows and about 200 other mammals, reindeer use a process called rumination to break down the tough plant fibers they eat. This process involves passing the food back and forth between their mouth and the four chambers of their stomach, chewing it repeatedly until all the nutrients have been absorbed. All that chewing seems to leave very little time for sleep.
To find out their secret to getting enough rest, scientists fitted four female reindeer in a stable with devices that monitored their brainwaves. While the reindeer were ruminating, their brainwaves were similar to the patterns shown during light sleep. The animals sat or stood quietly with their eyes closed, and they were less likely than usual to react to the rustling of a neighboring deer’s movements. “They were in a very relaxed state,” researcher Melanie Furrer told Science News.
The chewing motion made it hard for the researchers to tell whether the animals’ brain waves were truly in sleep mode, bringing the benefits of a night’s rest. But when they tested the deer again after rumination, the animals’ brain activity showed that they felt rested.
If reindeer are kept awake for too long, they need extra “recovery sleep” to catch up. After ruminating, however, the deer did not need as much recovery sleep. Study co-author Gabriela Wagner told NPR that ruminating serves two different purposes at the same time. “Not only does it help them to get the most energy out of the food they have,” she said, “but it also makes sure that their brain gets enough rest and they get the sleep they need.”
8. What does the underlined sentence in Para 1 mean
A. It is easy for reindeer to be hungry.
B. Reindeer can eat and sleep simultaneously.
C. People can not solve the problem like a reindeer.
D. Reindeer are talented so that they can solve the problem.
9. What can we learn about rumination
A. It allows reindeer to absorb all the nutrients.
B. It functions because of the four chambers of stomach.
C. Reindeer use rumination to pass the food back and forth.
D. All mammals use rumination to break down the fibers they eat.
10. How is para 3 developed
A. By analyzing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By stating arguments. D. By describing process.
11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. Ruminating Serves Benefits For Reindeer
B. Ruminating Provides Extra Recovery Sleep
C. Ruminating Allows Reindeer Sleep And Eat
D. Getting Enough Sleep Is Essential For Reindeer
D
Even in the most speculative reaches of science fiction, there is no escaping humanity’s dependence on liquid water. The residents of the desert world Arrakis, accessible to anyone with a copy of Frank Herbert’s novel “Dune”, use windtraps to steal precious liquid from the air.
Collecting water from the air is nothing new. The Inca, who are widely thought to have invented the technique,placed buckets under trees to collect the condensation from heavy fog drifting in off the sea. People dwelling in the arid mountains of Oman have long built cisterns under trees for the same reason.
Instead of using leaves as condensation traps, however, which drip over an impractically large area, modern traps instead consist of sheets of very fine polymer mesh. As fog flows through the sheets, tiny droplets of water stick to the polymer fibres. These droplets grow until gravity pulls them into a compact trough and, thence, a reservoir. While collectors vary in size, a 40-metres-square collector in a reasonably foggy area yields around 200 litres a day, enough to supply 60 people with drinking water.
A team led by Dr Stachewicz found that the sheet could be made even more productive by changing the way in which its polymer threads were manufactured. Dr Stachewicz theorized that careful manufacture via a process known as electrospinning could lend the sheet a slight electrical charge that would prove attractive to water droplets in fog. In experiments conducted in 2021 she and a team of colleagues found that such sheets yielded 50%more water.
This past August, Dr Stachewicz reported further improvements by adding TiO to the mesh. Previous work had shown that TiO could be intensely attractive to water upon exposure to ultraviolet light-a hindrance under extremely foggy conditions, as water would stick to the mesh rather than trickle into the cistern. When fog was light, however, Dr Stachewicz and Mr Parisi found that a TiO -enhanced mesh became 30% more effective. Her fog collectors are now being used at sites on three continents.
This technology suggests a brighter future is possible. Areas so dry as to have gone without rainfall since modern records began may one day yield enough water to sustain settlement. And not just on a fictional planet.
12. Why did the writer mention a copy of Frank Herber’s novel
A. Because the characters also get water from the air.
B. Because people in the novel also live without water.
C. Because it sets an opposite example of getting water.
D. Because the engineers got the inspiration of inventing traps from the novel.
13. Which is the first step that the traps today use to gather water
A. Water from leaves drips over a large area.
B. Gravity pulls the droplets into a container.
C. Fog streams through sheets of polymer mesh and adhere to it.
D. Fog flows through sheets of polymer mesh and the polymer fibres.
14. What effect does TiO have on the polymer mesh when exposed to ultraviolet light
A. It purifies water droplets.
B. It appeals to water droplets.
C. It fights against water droplets.
D. It blocks the fog from flowing.
15. What is the main idea of the passage
A. How to capture water from the air.
B. A solution to relieving water stress.
C. Getting water from the air with different methods.
D. Using windtraps to steal precious liquid from the air.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new book, in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”— people who are consistently able to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking. ____16____ Here is a set of skills recommended by Duhigg that can help you.
____17____ If you are having a practical conversation, be ready to give good advice. If you are engaging in emotional discussions seeking empathy, you may show your support by being a good listener. If you’re in a social dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us, be mindful of the different perspectives each person brings to the table and seek common ground.
Prove we’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or nodding intently. But proving to someone that you’re listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard. ____18____ Next, repeat back in your own words what they just told you. Lastly, ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.
Ask the right questions. Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you’re interested in the conversation, like “So did you make it on time ” or “What happened next ” Ask questions like people’s values, beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection. ____19____ When in doubt, just ask “why.’ People love to talk about how they see the world.
Aim to understand. The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share your own views accordingly. If people know you want to understand them, they’re going to want to understand you. ____20____
A Realize what are the real questions.
B. Do you want to be a supercommunicator
C. These deep questions get people to open up.
D. It is not that easy to be a supercommunicators.
E. Know what kind of conversation you’re having.
F. That is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
G. Ask someone a question first and then listen to their response.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sumiel was having a tough Friday. It was October 2020, and the 71-year-old, who was dealing with kidney failure and had been on dialysis(透析) for a few years, ____21____ himself at a vascular center 30 miles from ____22____ for the second time in 24 hours.
Sumiel was no ____23____ to the struggles of kidney disease. He’d been diagnosed with diabetes more than 20 years before, which ____24____ his kidney problems. He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet ____25____.
Timothy Letts, 31, was driving north to visit a friend when his phone ____26____ with the request for Sumiel’s ride home. The ____27____ was out of Letts’s way. Still, he took the fare, ____28____ if the passenger was coming from a medical facility, he likely needed a ride.
As they set out on the 40-minute ____29____ to Sumiel’s home in Salem, the pair got to chatting. Knowing that he was searching for a kidney donor, Letts joked he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or ____30____.
Sumiel was touched by Letts’s offer, though he wondered if it had just been an ____31____ moment. But Letts was true to his ____32____. He contacted the kidney transplant program. To their surprise, Letts was an ____33____ donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
14 months after they ended up in the same car ____34____, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success. Later, Letts had moved to Germany to work. But they kept in touch and looked forward to the day they could ____35____.
21. A. decided B. set C. arranged D. found
22. A. facility B. home C. program D. office
23. A. stranger B. donor C. patient D. doctor
24. A. added to B. apply to C. adapt to D. led to
25. A. answered B. seen C. appeared D. sent
26. A. broke B. rang C. called D. shook
27. A. request B. fare C. trip D. match
28. A. taking B. figuring C. guessing D. realizing
29. A. drive B. deal C. contact D. rest
30. A. smell B. hear C. smoke D. drive
31. A. emotional B. thoughtful C. essential D. sensitive
32. A. dream B. work C. goal D. word
33 A. ideal B. original C. special D. unique
34. A. on time B. by chance C. in time D. by means
35. A. handle B. pursue C. reunite D. arrive
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 37th International Kite Festival in Berck-sur-Mer opened on April 20 on a beach in France. As the largest and ____36____ (influence) kite-themed event in France, it attracted global visitors and kites from 25 countries and regions. China made a wonderful ____37____ (appear) as the first-ever guest country of honor at the event.
Chinese-inflected cultural activities took place at the festival, including flying performance at the opening ceremony, workshops for kite-making ____38____ (technique) by artisans (工匠) from Weifang, as well as performances and experiential activities from lion dances ____39____ martial arts and performances of traditional Chinese instruments and tea ceremonies.
Yan Zhenquan, minister counselor of the Chinese Embassy in France, Jacques Billant, governor of Pas-de-Calais, ____40____ Liu Hongge, director of the China Cultural Center in Paris attended and ____41____ (deliver) speeches. Liu said, “the kite is a key image representing ____42____ friendship between China and France.” In 1958, the two countries coproduced a film titled Fengzheng____43____(concern) the adventures and friendship between Chinese and French children ____44____ (create) by a kite. Liu also noted that as the organizer of guest country activities, the China Cultural Center in Paris would continue to use kites as a medium ____45____(tell) stories about kite culture in China and France, foster mutual understanding between peoples, and contribute to the success of the China-France Year of Culture and Tourism.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你们学校下周将举办首届茶文化交流节，英国罗素中学（Rossell School）的部分师生受邀来参加活动。你作为学生代表，将在为他们举办的欢迎会上发言，请你写一篇发言稿。要点如下：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍交流节活动；
3.邀请对方分享英国茶文化。
注意；
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was sitting next to Missy in my ninth-grade world history class when Mrs. Bartlett announced a new project. In groups, we were to create a newspaper around the culture we were studying.
On a piece of paper, we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group. After collecting all the requests, Mrs. Bartlett informed us that she would take into consideration the names we chose and would let us know the results the next day. I had no doubt I would get the group of my choice. There were only a handful of sociably decent people in the class, and Missy was one of them. I knew we had chosen each other.
The next day, I anxiously awaited the class. After the bell rang, Missy and I stopped talking as Mrs. Bartlett called for our attention. She started to call out names. When she reached group three, Missy’s name was called. So I’m in group three, I thought. The second, third and fourth members of the group were called. My name was not included. There had to be some mistake!
Then I heard it. The last group: “Mauro, Juliette, Rachel, Karina.” I could feel the tears well in my eyes. How could I face being in that group the boy who barely spoke English, the one girl who was always covered by skirts that went down to her ankles, and the other girl who wore weird clothes. Oh, how badly I wanted to be with my friends.
After class, I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs. Bartlett’s office. She looked at me and knew what I was there for. I was determined to convince her I should be in the “good” group. “Why. . . ” I started.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs.Bartlett sat me down and began to talk.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I bravely walked to the last group.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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