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2024年高二下册英语期末测试02（译林版2020）
满分150分，考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1.本试卷由四个部分组成，其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题，第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will Jack meet Mr. Rich
A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a travel agency.
3. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Putting up notices. B. Placing more bins. C. Picking up the rubbish.
4. What is the man probably
A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A flight attendant.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A company policy. B. Some health news. C. A fellow worker.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman sound
A. Embarrassed. B. Excited. C. Regretful.
7. Where did the speakers meet last time
A. At a wedding. B. At a birthday party. C. At a Christmas dinner.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman sell the house
A. To enjoy retirement in the countryside.
B. To move to the city center.
C. To live with her son.
9. What is the man’s decision
A. Rent a house nearby. B. Look at another house. C. Ask for his wife’s opinion.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How did Sophia improve her speaking skills
A. She often talked with native students.
B. She learned at an international school.
C. She traveled to English-speaking countries.
11. What does Sophia practice on ELLO
A. Listening. B. Grammar. C. Vocabulary.
12. What mostly affected the man’s major choice
A. His interest. B. His sister’s influence. C. His teacher’s encouragement.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Lily say about getting better at windsurfing
A. It varies from person to person.
B. It takes less time than expected.
C. It depends on the equipment.
14. What helped Lily learn windsurfing quickly
A. Practicing on her own. B. Learning from her friend. C. Taking some courses.
15. What does Lily enjoy most about windsurfing (帆板运动)
A. Mastering new techniques. B. Forgetting daily worries. C. Improving her fitness.
16. What is Lily trying to do in the future
A. Develop a new hobby.
B. Become a windsurfing instructor.
C. Take part in windsurfing competitions.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which language could the speaker probably speak well
A. English. B. Spanish. C. Polish.
18. How did the speaker put the pool table (台球桌) together
A. By following the diagrams.
B. By reading the instructions.
C. By getting help from his friend.
19. How many problems does the speaker mention in total
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
20. What will the speaker do to contact the head office
A. Make a call. B. Post a letter. C. Send an email.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four wonderful books you can’t miss
Old Herbaceous: A Novel of the Garden by Reginald Arkell
If you’re yet to read a “novel of the garden”, pick up Old Herbaceous. Perfect for fans of P. G. Wodehouse, this is the story of Bert Pinnegar, an awkward orphan（孤儿）who spends his childhood days picking wildflowers and avoiding farmers, before slowly maturing into the famous head gardener “Old Herbaceous”.
The Rural Diaries by Hilarie Burton Morgan
If you dream of quitting the corporate world and starting a farm, The Rural Diaries should be your kind of book. This is actress Hilarie Burton Morgan’s bestselling story of leaving Hollywood for a different life after the birth of her son, buying a working farm in upstate New York to explore a slower way of living.
The Art of Frugal Hedonism by Annie Raser-Rowland and Adam Grubb
If you want to live a life with less consumerism and more low-cost experiences and pleasures, you should absolutely read The Art of Frugal Hedonism. It’s about letting go of society’s expectations, peer（同龄人）pressure, and the fear of missing out to rediscover the most simple and joyful ways of living.
Recipe for a Kinder Life by Annie Smithers
Part memoir（回忆录）, part recipe book, and part guide to caring for the land, this comforting and wholesome book is full of practical advice and wisdom collected from a life devoted to seasonal food, simplicity, and gentle living.
21. Who is the main character in Old Herbaceous: A Novel of the Garden
A. P. G. Wodehouse. B. Bert Pinnegar.
C. Hilarie Burton Morgan. D. Annie Smithers.
22. What kind of life does the book written by Burton Morgan describe
A. A simple and slow life. B. A boring and tiring life.
C. A busy and luxurious life. D. A colorful and ambitious life.
23. Which book will offer a guide to spending less while enjoying more
A. Old Herbaceous: A Novel of the Garden. B. The Rural Diaries.
C. The Art of Frugal Hedonism. D. Recipe for a Kinder Life.
B
Love knows no bounds, especially when it comes to the person you’ve shared your life with. Peter Burkhardt,
a 90-year-old man from Netherlands, is the embodiment（体现）of this idea. Every day, he travels 17 kilometers to accompany his wife of 63 years who now lives in a hospice（养老院）in Apeldoorn. While on days when the weather is very bad, he takes a cab or is driven then by his children, most times he gets on his bike and crosses the city on his own. It takes him an hour to get there and an hour to cycle back home.
In the colder months, Burkhardt keeps himself warm with a blue ski suit with a body warmer on top and a white cap to keep his head warm. “I’ve done skiing with pleasure. Cold doesn’t bother me and with rain, you can put on a rain jacket,” he told an interviewer. “So I’ll always get to my wife.” Burkhardt knows the route by heart, as he has been traveling to his wife’s hospice for the past seven years.
Even if he wanted to drive, Burkhardt’s license wasn’t approved and he hasn’t had a car. However, nothing stops this senior in love. “I walk a lot less now, but cycling is still going well.”
Burkhardt says that his wife doesn’t know what it takes him to reach her every day. “It is completely outside her field of experience. But when I’m back, I notice that she gives me a very nice hug every now and then.” His children have encouraged him to keep on visiting their mom every day.
Burkhardt’s devotion has certainly moved others. But above all, he has done everything in his power to spend as much time as possible with the love of his life-no matter what it takes.
24. Why does Peter Burkhardt visit his wife every day
A. To help her recover. B. To show off his love.
C. To keep her company. D. To check on her condition.
25. How does Peter Burkhardt usually get to the hospice
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi. D. By bike.
26. Which of the following can best describe Peter Burkhardt
A. Faithful and reliable. B. Capable and brave.
C. Successful and helpful. D. Adventurous and curious.
27. What is the best title for the text
A. The Power of Ageless Love
B. Peter Burkhardt’s Daily Routine
C. Peter Burkhardt Doesn’t Give Up on His Wife
D. Man Cycles 17 Kilometers to Visit His Wife in Hospice Daily
C
Globally, about 192.1 million animals are used annually for experimental purposes. Iran has conducted animal-based research dating back to the time of Ibn Sina. Although, like many countries, Iran regulates the use and treatment of laboratory animals, it lacks sufficient enforcement. To ensure ethical treatment of research animals, Iran needs better data about their use, and institutions and individuals need to take responsibility for their care.
Iran’s Ministry of Health, which oversees animal testing, requires all animals are treated according to international ethical standards. However, some institutions that produce or use animals provide substandard treatment, disregarding the ministry’s guidelines. To facilitate better enforcement of established regulations, Iran needs clear, accurate and reliable information about the quantity of animals used in research. All Iranian research institutions that use animals should be required to collect and report annual data on the number of animals they use,
the conditions in which the animals are kept, and the animals’ research purpose. Such data would allow Iran to track each institution’s adherence (遵守) to the “3Rs” of animal research: Replacing animal-based experiments with alternative strategies, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize the pain and discomfort research animals experience.
In addition to government enforcement, individual institutions should prioritize the replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal use. Iran’s medical schools and research institutions should establish an accessible database with comprehensive experimental details to prevent excessive animal studies. Ethics committees shouldn’t approve experiments that use more animals than necessary or methods that require animals when alternative methods are available. In some cases, technical sampling (using a small sample size) can replace experimental sampling (using a relatively large sample size).
Individuals should also take an active role. All researchers must be trained to adhere to ethical principles and understand unnecessary pain or discomfort in animals could affect the interpretation of data.
Maintaining international ethical standards for animal treatment is vital for Iran to establish its global standing in the field of medical sciences. Iran’s government, institutions, individual scientists, and public can work together to ensure ethical animal research.
28. What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A. The origin of Iran’s animal-based research.
B. The regulations of Iran’s research into animals.
C. The development of Iran’s animal-based research.
D. Moral concerns for Iran’s research animals’ welfare.
29. Why does Iran need better data about the use of research animals
A. To follow the ministry’s guidelines.
B. To be in control of animal-based research.
C. To ensure the adherence to the “3Rs” in animal-based research.
D. To replace animal-based experiments with alternative strategies.
30. Why should a database with overall experimental details be established
A. To follow government regulations. B. To reduce unnecessary animal-based studies.
C. To make research more visible to the public. D. To ensure the accuracy of experimental results.
31. What is the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage cooperation for ethical animal-based research in Iran.
B. To promote the use of an accessible experimental database in Iran.
C. To highlight ethics committees’ role in animal-based research in Iran.
D. To stress international ethical standards in animal-based research in Iran.
D
A bat and a ball cost $1.10 in total. The bat costs $1.00 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost
If you answered 10 cents, you’re not alone – most people give the same answer (the correct answer is 5 cents). It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses – answers we feel are true. People give
answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.”
The bat and ball question helps explain why we often believe in fake news. It is part of human nature to believe, says Sloman. But “the trick with fake news is to know to verify” – in other words, to stop and question what you know. In one experiment, Sloman and a colleague invented a discovery called helium rain. They told a group of volunteers about it, but admitted they could not fully explain what it was. They then asked the volunteers to rate their own understanding of helium rain. Most volunteers rated themselves 1 out of 7, meaning they did not understand the concept.
The researchers then told another group of volunteers about the discovery. This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says.
According to Sloman, studies show that knowledge spreads like a contagion (传染病). This idea can be seen in many fields, including politics. “If everyone around you is saying they understand why a politician is dishonest,” Sloman says, “then you’re going to start thinking that you understand, too.”
Another explanation for the spread of fake news is “motivated reasoning,” writes Adam Wyatz, an American management professor, “we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.”
So in a world where misleading information is common, training people to care about fact-checking is important, especially in online communities. “We should check things and not just take them at face value,” Sloman says. “Verify before you believe.”
32. Why does the author use the example of the bat and ball question
A. To warn that people often ignore skills that they learned.
B. To show that there are various answers to a question.
C. To arouse people’s interest in playing guessing games.
D. To illustrate that people tend to rush to a conclusion.
33. In paragraph 3, what does the underlined word “verify” mean
A. To express an opinion about something. B. To make sure something is true.
C. To think about something for a long time. D. To follow your intuitive response.
34. When do more volunteers claim to understand helium rain
A. When Sloman and his colleagues showed them how it works.
B. When they have more confidence in themselves.
C. When they believed that scientists understood it.
D. When some of the volunteers explained it to them.
35. Which of the following is an example of “motivated reasoning”
A. You post a message online that gives your personal opinion about a news story.
B. You think a university professor dishonest when everybody around you say so.
C. You search online for more information about a doubtful story on social media.
D. You trust a damaging story about someone who you always judge negatively.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever taken a personality test and found the results to be scarily accurate, checked your horoscope (星象学) and had everything come true or taken an online quiz that told you precisely what your favorite Disney princess means about you Well, we certainly have done so too many times. 36
We discovered that we’ve all been falling victim to the Barnum effect. 37 , despite the fact that the description is actually filled with information that applies to everyone. It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famous 19th century showman, who would famously say, “There’s a fool born every minute.”
38 as pseudoscience (伪科学) — such as astrology and personality test — remains popular to this day. The Barnum effect explains why extremely general statements, such as the results of your personality test, seem so specific to you.
The key to success of astrology and personality test keep the statements as vague as possible, with a mix of mostly positive and some negative content. 39 See “At times you are extroverted and sociable, while at other times you are introverted and reserved”— who would not agree with that statement
40 Take everything you hear with several grains of salt.
Indeed, Barnum proved to be right.
You believe in such mysterious tests firmly.
Not every statement are worth considering.
So, keep in mind that we are not immune to the Barnum effect.
For example, using the phrase “at times” makes for a powerful Barnum Effect.
Therefore, We decided to do a little investigation into how Internet quizzes, magazines and horoscope books seem to know us so well.
The Barnum Effect is the phenomenon that occurs when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was December 2022. I was finishing up my Ph. D. in the United Kingdom, and a professor I admired invited me to interview for a position in his lab in Japan. The interview went well. I was sure everything would go 41 in 2023.
Then, in April, my mother told me about some strange symptoms she was 42 . “Have you submitted your thesis （毕业论文） yet ” she asked me. “Almost, Mom,” I said. She seemed to be 43 . But I was buried in finishing my experiments, so I brushed away my 44 . A week later, the doctors had an update: It was lung cancer. During the next 2 months, I was 45 between my research and my family as I prepared for my defense, 46 for mid-July. My Ph. D. supervisor （导师） encouraged me to take all the time I needed to be with my mom, but my 47 always pulled me back to the lab. In the meantime, cancer had spread throughout my mother’s body.
Yet my scientific 48 still occupied me. I was set to attend a conference in New Zealand in early July.
But on my way to the 49 , I got the news that my mother had 1 or 2 years left. So I flew back to Madrid instead. I 50 my Ph. D. defense. Meanwhile—in just 3 weeks—the rest of my mother’s life was changed to 1 year, then months, weeks, days. Cancer 51 my mother at the end of July. I am always 52 for losing precious time with my mother. I had never slowed down before, knowing what it takes to secure an academic 53 . Losing my mother put things into perspective for me. I saw the humane side of science in the 54 and flexibility offered by my Ph. D. supervisor. And the work I missed felt 55 . I defended my thesis in September and moved to Tokyo later.
Please, take my advice: If your loved ones need you now, be there for them.
（ ）41．A．south B．miserably C．wrong D．smoothly
（ ）42．A．awaiting B．undergoing C．sowing D．recovering
（ ）43．A．holding back B．picking up C．turning down D．running out
（ ）44．A．patience B．technique C．concern D．knowledge
（ ）45．A．torn B．pessimistic C．loyal D．cruel
（ ）46．A．deleted B．scheduled C．polished D．pressed
（ ）47．A．strength B．strings C．expectations D．correspondence
（ ）48．A．breakthroughs B．disposals C．regulations D．commitments
（ ）49．A．airport B．hospital C．lab D．university
（ ）50．A．shaved off B．put off C．took off D．gave off
（ ）51．A．beat B．grieved C．abandoned D．restored
（ ）52．A．responsible B．sympathetic C．anxious D．sorry
（ ）53．A．integrity B．resolution C．position D．interview
（ ）54．A．prejudice B．vision C．consideration D．insistence
（ ）55．A．significant B．fixed C．flexible D．unimportant
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Military-style” travel has become the __56__ (late) fashion among Chinese college students. Videos of them taking such trips __57__ (trend) on social media platforms in recent years. The reason why it has become so popular is __58__ college students can spend as little money as possible traveling to as many places as they can during the weekend. They usually hop on a regular-speed train on a Friday night, arrive at the destination city and travel __59__ (extensive) there on Saturday. Then, they can repeat the same busy schedule __60__ returning to their universities on Monday morning.
Different people have different views, with some netizens __61__ (praise) these college students for their high ability to implement their plans. However, others doubt __62__ such a tight schedule is healthy.
According to some experts, the “military-style” travel is a form of budget travel appealing to specific groups of people who are less __63__ (concern) with in-depth experiences and more focused on checking off popular
tourist destinations. Therefore, this has led to the emergence of a type of tourism __64__ travelers are willing to sacrifice comfort for __65__ (affordable) and convenience.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
目前，很多高中生苦恼学习效率低，时间不够用。学校将组织以“How to Spend Time Properly”为
题的英语角活动，让同学们展开讨论。请你从以下方面准备一份发言稿：
1. 恰当管理时间的意义；
2. 如何恰当管理时间的建议。
注意：词数 80 左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Spend Time Properly
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面的材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The newfound team, now officially known as the Wildcats, started their basketball journey with a mix of eagerness and anxiety. The community center’s basketball court became their arena （竞技场）, a place where failures were just stepping stones to success, and every dribble （运球）, pass, and shot was a lesson in disguise.
Under Mr. Jordan’s guidance, practices became more than just learning how to play basketball; they were about discovering the strengths within and the power of unity. He had an approach to seeing the potential in every player.
One afternoon, as the team gathered around Mr. Jordan, he introduced a new drill that focused on passing and communication. “Basketball is a language,” he explained. “If you can’t communicate, you can’t win. This drill will help you understand each other without words. ”
The drill was a disaster at first. Passes went wrong, and frustration mounted. Jasmine’s quick passes were too swift for Mia, and Lucas’s attempts at humor during the drill only led to more confusion. Eli, ever the observer, noticed the tension and suggested a simple r system of hand signals they had discussed in a previous practice. Gradually, the team began to find their rhythm, learning to anticipate each other’s moves and communicate more effectively.
It wasn’t just basketball skills that the Wildcats were developing; it was a sense of belonging and trust in one another. Each practice ended with a team gathering, where Mr. Jordan shared stories from his coaching days, emphasizing the lessons learned from losses more than wins.
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）开头已给出。
Paragraph 1: Soon came their first real game against a more experienced team. ____________________________
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Paragraph 2: The second half saw a different Wildcats team. ___________________________________________
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英语答案与解析
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5 BCBAC 6-10 BAACC 11-15 ABACB 16-20 CAABB
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了你不能错过的四本精彩的书。
21. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Old Herbaceous: A Novel of the Garden by Reginald Arkell部分的内容this is the story of Bert Pinnegar, an awkward orphan（孤儿）可知答案。故选B。
22. A【解析】细节理解题。根据The Rural Diaries by Hilarie Burton Morgan部分的内容buying a working farm in upstate New York to explore a slower way of living 可知答案。故选A。
23. C【解析】细节理解题。根据The Art of Frugal Hedonism by Annie Raser-Rowland and Adam Grubb部分的内容If you want to live a life with less consumerism and more low-cost experiences and pleasures, you should absolutely read The Art of Frugal Hedonism 可知答案。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了90岁的Peter Burkhardt每天骑17公里的自行车去看望住在疗养院的妻子，表达了他对妻子的深爱和无私奉献。
24. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Every day, he travels 17 kilometers to accompany his wife of 63 years who now lives in a hospice in Apeldoorn.”以及最后一段“Burkhardt’s devotion has certainly moved others. But above all, he has done everything in his power to spend as much time as possible with the love of his life-no matter what it takes.”可知，Peter Burkhardt每天去看望他的妻子是为了陪伴她，故选C。
25. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While on days the weather is very bad he takes a cab or is driven then by his children, most times he gets on his bike and crosses the city on his own.”可知，Peter Burkhardt通常是骑自行车去疗养院，故选D。
26. A【解析】推理判断题。90岁的Peter Burkhardt 每天骑17公里的自行车去看望住在疗养院的妻子，说明他是忠诚的，可靠的。故选A。
27. D【解析】标题判断题。文章主要讲述了90岁的Peter Burkhardt每天骑17公里的自行车去看望住在疗养院的妻子，表达了他对妻子的深爱和无私奉献。故选D。
C
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋中的海草在吸收碳和对抗气候变化中的重要作用，以及海草面临的威胁及其适应环境并生存下来的能力。
28. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Globally, about 192.1 million animals are used annually for experimental purposes.(全球每年约有1.921亿只动物被用于实验目的。)”可知，全球很多动物被用于实验目的，结合首段尾句“To ensure ethical treatment of research animals, Iran needs better data about their use, and institutions and individuals need to take responsibility for their care.(为了确保研究用动物得到合乎伦理的待遇，伊朗需要关于它们使用的更好数据，机构和个人需要对它们的照料负责。)”可知，伊朗需要确保研究用的动物得到合乎伦理的待遇，由此可知，此段主要讲的是伊朗动物实验研究中对实验动物的道德待遇监管和执法不足的问题。故选D项。
29. 推理判断题。第二段中的“Such data would allow Iran to track each institution’s adherence (遵守) to the ‘3Rs’ of animal research: Replacing animal-based experiments with alternative strategies, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize the pain and discomfort research animals experience.(这些数据将使伊朗能够跟踪每个机构对动物研究“3r”的遵守情况：用替代策略取代基于动物的实验，减少使用的动物数量，改进技术以尽量减少研究动物所经历的痛苦和不适。)”可知，这些数据将使伊朗能够跟踪每个机构对动物研究“3r”的遵守情况，由此可知，收集数据的目的是为了确保各机构对“3Rs”原则的遵守，“3Rs”原则包括替换动物实验、减少动物使用数量和改进技术以减少动物的痛苦和不适。故选C项。
30. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ethics committees shouldn’t approve experiments that use more animals than necessary or methods that require animals when alternative methods are available.(伦理委员会不应该批准使用过多动物的实验，或者在有替代方法的情况下需要动物的方法。)”可知，伦理委员会不应批准使用过多的动物实验，或者是用其他方法替代拿动物做研究，由此可知，建立伦理委员会的目的是减少不必要的动物实验。选B项。
31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maintaining international ethical standards for animal treatment is vital for Iran to establish its global standing in the field of medical sciences. Iran’s government, institutions, individual scientists, and public can work together to ensure ethical animal research.(维持对待动物的国际道德标准对伊朗建立其在医学领域的全球地位至关重要。伊朗政府、机构、科学家个人和公众可以共同努力，确保动物研究合乎道德。)”可知，伊朗要在医学领域的全球地位，需要建立维持对待动物的国际道德标准，需要伊朗政府、机构、科学家个人和公众共同努力，由此可知，尾段的主要目标是鼓励各方合作，确保伊朗进行道德动物研究。故选A项。
D
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文通过实例和研究告诉我们，人们很容易被假新闻所误导，人们关注消息时应该核查其真伪性，这是很重要的。
32. 推理判断题。根据第二段“It’s an example of how we often rely on intuitive (直觉的) responses – answers we feel are true. People give answers that “pop into their mind,” says Steven Sloman. We don’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer is right or wrong.”(这是一个我们如何经常依赖直觉反应的例子——我们认为答案是真实的。史蒂文·斯洛曼说，人们给出的答案“会突然进入他们的脑海”。我们不会花太
多时间“反思和检查答案是否正确。”)”可判断，作者用球拍和球的例子是来说明人们倾向于匆忙下结论。故选D。
33. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“in other words, to stop and question what you know. (换句话说，停止并质疑你所知道的一切。)”可知，识别假新闻的诀窍是知道如何验证，所以划线词verify为“核实”之意，即“确定某事是真的”。故选B。
34. 细节理解题。根据第四段“This time, they said that scientists could fully explain how it works. When asked to rate their understanding, the volunteers gave an average answer of 2. The scientists’ confidence gave the volunteers an increased sense of their own understanding, Sloman says.(这一次，他们说科学家们可以完全解释它是如何工作的。当被要求对他们的理解程度打分时，志愿者给出了平均2分的答案。科学家的自信让志愿者们对自己的理解有了更多的认识，Sloman说。)”可知，当他们相信科学家能理解的时候，更多的志愿者声称了解氦雨。故选C。
35. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“we are naturally more likely to believe things that confirm our existing opinions.(我们自然而然地更倾向于相信那些证实了我们现有观点的事情。)”可判断，D选项“你相信一个你总是负面评价的人的坏故事”为动机推理的典型例子。故选D。
七选五
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了“很多人相信占卜和性格测试等”这一现象并分析了其原因。
36．此空设空位置在段尾，根据前文提到人们很多人相信占卜和性格测试以及第二段开头We discovered that we’ve all been falling victim to the Barnum effect. (我们发现我们都成了巴纳姆效应的受害者。)，F选项与前文成因果关系，其中investigation引出下文，承上启下，故选F。
37. 前文提到了Barnum effect，此处G选项对此概念的解释说明，顺承关系，故选G。
38. 第二段中提到了巴纳姆效应的概念：“The Barnum Effect is the phenomenon that occurs when individuals believe that personality descriptions apply specifically to them, despite the fact that the description is actually filled with information that applies to everyone. It was named after P.T. Barnum, a famous 19th century showman, who would famously say, “There’s a fool born every minute.”，当人们认为性格描述只适用于他们时，尽管事实上这些描述中充满了适用于所有人的信息。它是以19世纪著名的表演家P.T.巴纳姆的名字命名的，他有句名言：“每分钟都有一个傻瓜出生。”)，以及第三段中“…as pseudoscience (伪科学) — such as astrology and personality test — remains popular to this day. “ (随着占卜和性格测试这样的伪科学在今天依旧流行)，可推断出巴纳姆说的话是正确的，故选A。
39. 前面讲述了占卜和性格测试成功的关键在于话语尽可能模糊，E选项具体举例说明。与后文也能衔接得当，故选E。
40. 前文都在说明人们时常陷入巴纳姆效应，以及后文的做法“Take everything you hear with several grains of salt.“（对听到的每一件事都保持保留态度），D选项” So, keep in mind that we are not immune to the Barnum effect. “（所以，请记住我们不会对巴纳姆效应免疫）能够承上启下。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
完型填空
语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在即将完成博士学位时母亲患了癌症，由于忙于科研学习，作者没能及时回到母亲身边，永远不会原谅自己失去陪伴母亲的宝贵时间，作者最后告诉我们，如果你爱的人现在需要你，到你爱的人那去，要优先考虑你爱的人。
41．D 考查副词。根据前句“面试进展的好。”可推测出我相信2023年一切也会进展顺利。因此选D。A．go south事与愿违 B．go miserably 进展糟糕 C．go wrong 进展有问题 D．go smoothly 进展顺利
42．B 考查动词。根据本句“然后，在四月份，我的妈妈告诉我关于她正在经受的一些奇怪的症状。”因此选B。A．等待 B．经受 C．播种 D．恢复
43．A 考查动词短语。根据前文的对白，她似乎欲言又止。因此选A。A．抑制，欲言又止 B．捡起，好起来 C．拒绝 D．耗尽，用光
44．C 考查名词。根据本句“但是我专心于完成我的实验，所以我打消了我的顾虑。”因此选C。A．耐心 B．技巧 C．担忧，顾虑 D．知识
45．A 考查形容词。根据本句“我在我的研究和我的家人之间左右为难，因为我要为原定于7月中旬的答辩做准备。”因此选A。A．左右为难的 B．悲观的 C．忠实的 D．残忍的
46．B 考查动词。根据本句可知“答辩是预定7月中旬开展的”，因此选B。A．删除 B．预定 C．擦亮，润色 D．按压
47．C 考查名词。根据首段尾句可知“我相信一切都会好起来。”可知，我的期望又把我拉回了实验室。因此选C。A．力量，优点 B．弦 C．期望 D．一致，通信
48．D 考查名词。根据上文“我专心于实验”可知，然而我的科研的投入依然占据了我。因此选D。A．突破 B．处理 C．条例 D．投入
49．A 考查名词。根据下文“我又飞回了 Madrid”可知，“在我去飞机场的路上”。因此选A。A．机场 B．医院 C．实验室 D．大学
50．B 考查动词短语。根据上文“我又飞回了Madrid”可知，“我推迟了我的博士答辩”。因此选B。A．剃光 B．推迟 C．起飞，脱掉 D．释放
51．A 考查动词。根据上文“妈妈的生命越来越短”可知，“癌症在7月底打败了我妈妈，夺走了我妈妈的生命”。因此选A。A．打败 B．使忧伤 C．遗弃 D．修复
52．D 考查形容词。根据上文“由于我忙于科研学习，我没能及时回到母亲身边，所以永远不会原谅自己失去陪伴母亲的宝贵时间。”可知选D。A．有责任感的 B．同情的 C．焦虑的 D．歉疚的，后悔的
53．C 考查名词。根据本文的首段中的position和全文的内容可知“我是为了得到一个职位才大费周折的”。因此选C。A．诚实，完整 B．决议 C．职位 D．面试
54．C 考查名词。根据第二段47空前一句“我的博导鼓励我花一切时间陪我妈”可知，我的博导是善解人意的。因此选C。A．偏见 B．视野 C．体贴 D．坚持
55．D 考查形容词。根据上文可知经过这件事我才明白我所错过的工作是无足轻重的，所爱的人才是最重要的。因此选D。A．有意义的 B．固定的 C．灵活的 D．无足轻重的
语法填空
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国大学生中出现了一种名为“特种兵式旅游”的旅游方式，即用尽可能少的时间、费用游览尽可能多的景点，这种旅游方式吸引了特定群体的人，旅行者愿意为经济实惠和便利而牺牲舒适和奢华。
56．考查形容词最高级。句意：“特种兵式”旅行已成为中国大学生的最新时尚。设空处作定语修饰名词fashion，结合句意以及空前定冠词the可知，此处表示“最新的”，应用形容词late最高级latest。故填latest。
57．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，他们旅行的视频在社交媒体平台上非常流行。设空处在句中作谓语，由时间状语“in recent years”以及句意可知，此句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，Videos of them taking such trips作主语，助动词用have。故填have been trending或have trended。
58．考查表语从句。句意：它变得如此受欢迎的原因是大学生可以在周末花尽可能少的钱去尽可能多的地方。设空处引导名词性从句作表语，空后句子不缺成分，设空处无词汇意义，应用只起连接作用、无实意的连接词that。故填that。
59．考查副词。句意：他们通常在周五晚上跳上一列普通列车，到达目的地城市，并在周六进行广泛的旅行。设空处修饰动词travel，应用副词extensively“广泛地”，作状语。故填extensively。
60．考查介词。句意：然后，他们可以在周一早上返回大学之前重复同样繁忙的日程安排。设空处后跟动名词短语作宾语，表示“在……之前”，应用介词before。故填before。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：不同的人有不同的看法，一些网友称赞这些大学生执行计划的能力很强。with的复合结构，宾语some netizens与动词praise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词praising，表主动。故填praising。
62．考查宾语从句。句意：然而，也有人怀疑如此紧凑的日程安排是否健康。设空处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，应填连接词whether/if。故填whether/if。
63．考查形容词。句意：根据一些专家的说法，“特种兵式”旅行是一种穷游形式，吸引的是不太关心深度体验、更关注热门旅游目的地的特定人群。设空处在定语从句中作表语，应用形容词concerned“关心的”。故填concerned。
64．考查定语从句。句意：这导致了一种旅游类型的出现，在这种类型的旅游中，旅游者愿意牺牲舒适和奢华，以换取负担得起和方便。设空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a type of tourism，关系词指代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
65．考查名词。句意：这导致了一种旅游类型的出现，在这种类型的旅游中，旅游者愿意牺牲舒适和奢华，以换取负担得起和方便。设空处与convenience并列，作介词for的宾语，应填名词affordability“负担能力”。故填affordability。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
How to Spend Time Properly
Time, equal to everyone, is more precious than any other possessions. How we spend that valuable time determines the quality of our life.
As far as I am concerned, there are three rules for effective time management. Firstly, avoid taking a full load. Be reasonable about how much work you can do. Secondly, make a list of all the things that we need to get done in a given time. Put the tasks in order of importance and delete any unimportant items. Thirdly, be focused. For example, electronic products can easily disturb our learning progress, and shutting them down while studying helps improve the efficiency.
Let’s make good use of time to make our life meaningful.
第二节（满分25分）
Paragraph 1: Soon came their first real game against a more experienced team. The Wildcats started strong, their hard work and team spirit translating into a united performance. However, as the game progressed, their inexperience showed. The opposing team took advantage of every mistake, widening the gap in scores. During halftime, Mr. Jordan gathered the Wildcats. “Cheer up! Make full use of your potential and find your rhythm. Unity is strength!” Taking Mr. Jordan’s words to heart, they determined to make the best of their own strengths to cooperate.
Paragraph 2: The second half saw a different Wildcats team. Jasmine’s smartness became the team’s secret weapon. Eli’s quiet leadership on the court steadied the team’s nerves. Mia’s newfound confidence made her a powerful defender, and Lucas’s spirited energy kept their spirits high. Though still falling behind, they played with heart, each member supporting the others. Gradually, they narrowed the gap in scores. Eventually, they won the game. The game was a turning point. It taught the Wildcats the value of perseverance and the importance of supporting each other. They had faced their first real challenge and became stronger.
附：听力原文
1. When will Jack meet Mr. Rich
A. At 2:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 5:00 pm.
【答案】B 更改预约时间
M: Hello, this is Jack Million. I’m calling to ask if it’s possible to postpone my 2: 00 pm appointment with Mr. Rich to 4: 00 pm on June 6th. Something’s just come up.
W: Let me look up his schedule. Okay. You can wait in Room 5.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. In a travel agency.
【答案】C 旅行咨询（推断题——谈话背景类）
W: So what’s your choice, sir It is off season now. The total expenses of the guided tour is $700 and that includes accommodation, transport, all meals, and a tour guide.
M: I think a four-day tour would be best for me.
3. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Putting up notices. B. Placing more bins. C. Picking up the rubbish.
【答案】B 保护环境
W: Did you see many people dropping their rubbish at the park today
M: Yes, I saw it the whole time. We could put up notices about throwing rubbish into bins.
W: That’s a good idea. Then let’s get more bins. There aren’t nearly enough.
4. What is the man probably
A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A flight attendant.
【答案】A 乘坐出租车（推断题——身份关系类）
W: Excuse me, sir. How much will you charge to drive me to the airport
M: It’s usually S40, plus the tip. And it will take us about 30 minutes to get there if there’s no traffic jam. Do you have any luggage
W: Just this carrying case.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A company policy. B. Some health news. C. A fellow worker.
【答案】C 同事因病离职
M: Did you hear the news Robert is leaving our company because of his physical problems.
W: Yeah. I heard the doctor and his family told him to stop working to take care of himself.
M: That’s so sad. I’m going to miss him.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the woman sound
A. Embarrassed. B. Excited. C. Regretful.
7. Where did the speakers meet last time
A. At a wedding. B. At a birthday party. C. At a Christmas dinner.
【答案】6. B 7. A 故友重逢
W: (6) Joseph! It’s so lovely to see you again! It must be ages since we met last time.
M: Oh, I suppose it is. But weren’t you at Adam’s 20th birthday party last August
W: No, I wasn’t. I got the flu at the last minute.
M: Then I think the last time I saw you was three years ago on Christmas Eve, when we all had dinner together in that French restaurant. . .
W: No, surely we’ve met since then. . .
M: (7) Wait a minute. . . it was at Peter’s place. When he and Jenny got married.
W: (7) Yes, of course it was! Wasn’t it a fantastic reception
M: One of the best I’ve ever been to.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the woman sell the house
A. To enjoy retirement in the countryside.
B. To move to the city center.
C. To live with her son.
9. What is the man’s decision
A. Rent a house nearby. B. Look at another house. C. Ask for his wife’s opinion.
【答案】8. A 9. C看房
M: Good afternoon, madam. The house agent tells me this house is for sale. May I have a look, please
W: Yes, of course. Let me show you around. I’ve lived here since my son was born, and he’s 20 years old.
M: Oh, that’s quite a long time. Then why do you sell it
W: (8) I’ve just retired and I want to buy a small house in the countryside, where it’s quiet and the air is fresh.
M: Can you bring down the asking price
W: I’m sorry, but I think it’s worth the price. It’s in the city center, and it’s surrounded by lots of plants.
M: Well, I’m living in a rental house, and I’ve had enough of it. (9) I like this house very much, but I can’t decide before my wife sees it herself.
W: Women always have the last word.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How did Sophia improve her speaking skills
A. She often talked with native students.
B. She learned at an international school.
C. She traveled to English-speaking countries.
11. What does Sophia practice on ELLO
A. Listening. B. Grammar. C. Vocabulary.
12. What mostly affected the man’s major choice
A. His interest. B. His sister’s influence. C. His teacher’s encouragement.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B学校生活
M: Sophia, how do you learn English in China
W: Actually, (10) my speaking skills are gathered from my traveling. I did solo traveling in several European countries last year.
M: Wow, that was cool. Are your teachers usually Chinese, or international teachers
W: They are Chinese. There is a big stress on grammar and vocabulary. I have to remember a lot of words and grammar rules.
M: How about listening
W: (11) We only do the audio listening test, so it’s always the same pronunciation.
M: (11) So you don’t have a lot of variety of accents, do you
W: (11) Yes, so I’m practicing listening on ELLO, which is short for English Listening Lesson Library Online. There are over 3, 000 free listening lessons for all levels!
M: Great. What is your best subject
W: It’s math. I love all the math stuff, including physics.
M: (12) I’m learning economics, because just before my senior year of high school, my sister had taken an economics course and she said it was interesting. That was definitely a contributing factor to my decision, since we have always shared common interests. However, there’s a lot of math. I’m not strong at math and physics.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Lily say about getting better at windsurfing
A. It varies from person to person.
B. It takes less time than expected.
C. It depends on the equipment.
14. What helped Lily learn windsurfing quickly
A. Practicing on her own. B. Learning from her friend. C. Taking some courses.
15. What does Lily enjoy most about windsurfing (帆板运动)
A. Mastering new techniques. B. Forgetting daily worries. C. Improving her fitness.
16. What is Lily trying to do in the future
A. Develop a new hobby.
B. Become a windsurfing instructor.
C. Take part in windsurfing competitions.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C 采访帆板运动员
M: Lily, did you need to spend a lot of time practicing windsurfing before you’re good at it
W: There’s certainly a lot to learn, (13) but I suppose it depends on the individual in terms of their fitness, previous experience, and of course how much effort they put in. Interestingly, the equipment doesn't seem to make much difference to the progress beginners can make.
M: What in particular helped you progress
W: Well, I didn’t make the mistake of thinking that I could teach myself to windsurf, or that I could learn from a friend. (14) Instead I signed up for a six-month course, and it was money well spent.
M: Tell me, what is it about windsurfing that gives you most pleasure
W: Oh, lots of things, such as becoming physically fitter, or doing things I’d never tried before. (15) But if I had to choose one, it would be the way that it lets you empty your mind of all the stress and concerns of daily life, and just enjoy being out there on the water.
M: Lily, how do you see your future in windsurfing
W: Well, I’ve thought of coaching but that would mean spending a lot of time in pools. (16) The place I like to be is the open sea, perhaps racing other people. In fact, that’s probably what I’ll do. I may not win any prizes but I’ll certainly enjoy it.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which language could the speaker probably speak well
A. English. B. Spanish. C. Polish.
18. How did the speaker put the pool table (台球桌) together
A. By following the diagrams.
B. By reading the instructions.
C. By getting help from his friend.
19. How many problems does the speaker mention in total
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.
20. What will the speaker do to contact the head office
A. Make a call. B. Post a letter. C. Send an email.
【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B 售后投诉 第19题为（推断题数字类）
M: Hello, my name is Harris. I ordered a pool table online from you last Tuesday and it arrived three days later. I was amazed and happy at the speed of service. But then the problems started unfortunately.
(19) The first problem is that the instructions included were written only in Spanish and Polish. (17) I can’t believe you wouldn’t include the instructions in English. Anyway, (18) I managed to follow the diagrams and get the pool table put together in about two hours.
(19) Once I had put it together, I noticed the white ball wasn’t in the bag of balls. How am I able to play any games without the white ball Luckily, a friend of mine came over with his white ball and we were able to play a game. (19) However, the roll of the balls was not very true---they kept bending to the left or the right. I don’t really know enough about pool tables to know what the problem could be.
You can reach to me on my home phone number: 348-28841. Or send me an email to tell me how you will resolve these problems. (20) I am also going to write a letter and post it to your head office as I think it’s important to have this complaint down in writing.

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