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专题06 首字母填空满分技巧方法（中考热点难点）
目 录
1
4
【题型解读】 4
【命题规律】 5
【解题技巧】 5
【解题技巧详解】 5
9
18
2023·上海中考·真题
Daniel has one of the best jobs in the world— or at least he thinks so! He's adolphin trainer. Find out more about Daniel and his amazing job in the i 71_ _ below.
(R=Reporter, D=Daniel)
R: How did you become a dolphin trainer
D: Seven years ago, I saw an advertisement for a dolphin trainer in the newspaper. It
seemed like an interesting job. So I a 72_ _ and got the job.
R: What does a dolphin trainer actually do
D: One obvious answer is"train dolphins. In fact, we spend
less time doing this than people think. To look after thedolphins is our main d 73.For example, I spend a lot oftime feeding them and cleaning their living area.What'smore, I check their temperatures every morning to make surethat they are h 74
R: What do you train a dolphin to do
D: One of the tricks we teach the dolphins is to touch a stick with their noses. They
also 1 75_ other simple tricks such as singing, dancing and shaking hands.R: What do you think of your job
D: It's hard work but very meaningful. I've gained more k 76_ about dolphins.For example,it was said that dolphins could recognize the names of theirrelatives and friends. We wanted to t 77__this idea. So we did an experimentwith the help of some scientists. We found it was true. We also found thedolphins ignored the names they didn't know. Isn't it amazing
2022·上海中考·真题
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（14分）
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。
Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes It is my opinion that spending money on experiences brings greater happiness.
My first r___67___ is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. Instead, we are the result of everything we’ve seen and done. For example, getting expensive clothes didn’t c___68___ me as a person, but the camping trip last summer certainly did. It made me more independent.
In addition, I p___69___ experiences because they bring people together. Sharing a new experience develops stronger relationships and creates long-lasting memories. Three years ago I met some teenagers on a study trip and now I am s___70___ in touch with them, but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip.
My final point is that, although some people say it is a great j___71___ to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant. For example, I spend most of my spare money on new parts for my old mountain bike, but I love the experience of c___72___, not owning bike parts!
To sum up, experiences make us who we are and develop stronger relationships. So next time before you pay for something, give it some s___73___ thought. Ask yourself, “Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ”
【题型解读】
首字母填空已经成为上海中考英语压轴大题，是难度最大的一种题型。该题要求是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。
短文首字母填空需要大量的词汇量，它没有选和猜的可能性，单词一定要能写出来，而且还要正确，就必须兼顾词义、词性、搭配和语境。在处理这种题目时，有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节约时间，匆匆答题，殊不知这样做只会适得其反，达不到良好的效果，因此，了解和掌握正确的解题技巧和策略是十分必要的。
【命题规律】
解答这类试题，需要考生：
1.拥有足够的词汇量　有助于看到首字母后能够快速想起相关单词，再从中筛选。
2.具有语法运用能力　在确定了所填词的意义和词性后，还要根据语法规则或短语搭配填写。
3.具有阅读理解能力　考生需要通读全文，并结合上下文语境填词，填好后再确认文章意思是否畅通。
【解题技巧】
1.跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2、复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处
所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3、三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
【解题技巧详解】
从句子成分角度分析
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。
对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。
【随堂测练1】
The I________ brings us closer than before.
Doing some r________ before the test is necessary.
Three r________ happened yesterday. But today all the robbers have been caught by the police.
The children are all working in the classroom. Some of them are cleaning the windows and o_______ are sweeping the floor.
此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。
eg: The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。
对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。
【随堂测练2】
My mum always e________ me to be a brave boy when I was young.
This kind of new mobile phone costs so much that I can hardly a________ one.
Knowing more than one language i ________ your knowledge of other cultures.
The students in our school always c________ about the food.
时态:
一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式
一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式
现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式
现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式
对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。
【随堂测练3】
The doctors are busy o________ on the seriously injured man at the moment.
If you feel nervous, take a deep b________ and I'm sure you'll feel better.
He had to make a c________ between studying in Shanghai and going abroad.
If you meet with any d________, you can ask me for help.
对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为：形容词，名词, 介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
【随堂测练4】
He is p________ of his daughter, for she always gets A grades in all subjects.
The sick man is getting w________. Maybe he will die soon.
Such cold weather is quite u________ in May and people have to wear warm clothes again.
She was a________ a big prize for her hard work.
对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
【随堂测练5】
I’ve been used to the c________ weather in London.
The visit to Chongming Island was really u________, it left us a sweet memory.
That’s only my p________ opinion. Everyone is welcome to share yours.
The French artist said, “It is my f_______ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much.”
对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
【随堂测练6】
The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so e________. She remembered it was hard.
I thought I was wrong. A________, it is a wise decision.
B________, you need to make up a story. Can you write your own one
As you climb, your partner pulls you climbing rope t________ something called a belay device (绳索控制器).
对连词的判断:并列连词and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both…and等连接并列的词,词组和句子; 从属连词although/though /because/ if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。
【随堂测练7】
Work harder, a________ you’ll make great progress in English.
My job is to protect the innocent as well a________ find the guilty.
A ________Walt Disney made many of his most famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them.
You will fail in the exam u ________ you study harder than before.
其他做题思路：
依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：
如:W ________ his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much.
从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”， with his help.
依据语法知识进行填词：
如: These people often have thin walls which can’t s ________ the noise from next door.
根据句意我们了解道墙壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根据中考词组“stop…
from”，所以填stop。
依据常识的积累进行填词：
如:But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one
word “S________.”
Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S .”
我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.
依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：
如：One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He
wanted to p ________ his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together.
根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进
行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Every year, there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world. These disasters kill 90,000 people. Other 200 million people were seriously hurt. When people know a storm is coming, they leave for shelters or s 1 areas. But what happens to the animals D 2 for Animals
During storms and other disasters, animals cannot usually go to shelters without help. Storms can hurt animals in different ways. High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats. Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish. Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don’t people take their animals with them Some shelters don’t have enough space or don’t take pets. Sometimes, t 3 things can happen. In 2005, 600,000 pets died in New Orleans, USA, during Hurricane (飓风) Katrina because their owners left them behind. The animals couldn’t swim. They didn’t have food, either.Ways to Help
Many people help animals before, during, and after disasters. Before storms, some volunteers w 4 people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters. During a storm, they look for animals and save them. Some volunteers also help wild animals, such as birds, deer and even koalas in Australia. They give the animals m 5 care. After the storm, many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded. High water is very dirty and can make animals sick. They give the animals medicine. They help the animals feel better.R 6 to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people. Most people don’t want animals to die. It’s expensive to lose farm animals. Also, dead animals bring disease. In addition, some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster. T 7 , taking care of animals during storms is important. This helps the animals, and it helps people, too.
（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Are Children Born With Talents
It is common to hear people saying:“This kid was born to do this. ”Are people indeed born with talents Can anyone be taught how to gain certain skills
On the one hand, it is thought that each one of us has a specific(特殊的) talent that we were born with. There are children who are very g 8 at music or sports even from their young age when they were not taught the skill at all. Moreover, there are many children who have managed to develop their skills on their own w 9 any help from experts(专家). This is actually what impresses people and make them b 10 that there are people who have born with specific talents. However, that does not mean that experts and teachers are not important. They help d 11 these talents in children and help them improve their skills.
On the other hand, some others argue that everyone can become a good musician or athlete if they are taught by good teachers. What is needed is to be r 12 keen on learning and willing to try hard to achieve your goals. We’ve seen examples like this: A child didn’t seem to be able to be a musician, but after a lot of p 13 and lessons, he finally succeeded. Everyone can be what they want to be t 14 the right and professional training.
All in all, there are talented children, but without proper training, no one can improve their skills to achieve excellence.
（2024·上海虹口·二模） Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Have you ever been stuck for words Knowing what to say and when to say it isn’t always easy—but we can learn, practise and improve.
What does communication mean
Communication is how we s 15 information and it helps us connect with others. When you have a conversation with someone, you’re not just exchanging words. You are also expressing yourself by controlling your voice and using body language. Conversation s 16 include starting conversations, using eye contact, knowing what to talk about and taking turns to speak and listen.
What are the b 17 of conversation
Having a conversation is great for exchanging thoughts and feelings. Listening helps you to discover new ideas and understand other people’s feelings because you are seeing things t 18 someone else’s eyes. Radio presenter Emma Barnett says, “Of all the many different ways we communicate, talking sends out your message best because it’s easier to understand what someone a 19 means. Good communication opens up understanding, feeling and emotion.”
What makes a good conversation
Taking turns to talk is an essential part of a conversation. Some people have a lot to say; others need encouragement to speak, so make sure e 20 has a chance to join in. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and don’t be afraid to ask questions or express your opinions. Body language sends out messages about how we feel, so make sure you look at someone while speaking to them. If you see them nodding and smiling, this means they’re showing i 21 . If they are looking away, it could mean they want to end the conversation. Advice expert Annalisa Barbieri believes listening is the most important part of a conversation. “It’s all about paying attention,” she says.
（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
One morning before going off to work, I called my cat Socky to be fed, but she didn’t come. Socky was going to be a mother cat. I thought she had probably found somewhere to have her kittens and would turn up later. But when Socky didn’t come at dinner time, or the next day, I really started to w 22 .
Socky had a habit of having her kittens in strange places, so I checked all her hidey-holes but she wasn’t in any of them. The next day was Saturday and I had the w 23 day to search for her. I went into the garage, checked the places under and behind old books, but no Socky.
After lunch I took some food with me in case I found her. I began searching the backyard. There were a lot of cardboard boxes full of junk and empty boxes. After about an hour of m 24 cardboard boxes from one place to another and back again, I was tired. I sat down on a pile of boxes to have a r 25 when I heard mewing (sound of cats).
I put my head up against each of the boxes and had to carry each one carefully before I could look i 26 . Finally, I found Socky and her three tiny kittens. I could imagine when Socky jumped into one of the boxes, some higher ones f 27 and covered her. Socky was very pleased to see me. Although she was so w 28 , she just jumped to ground. She managed to eat the food I brought her.
I named the three kittens shortly after. They soon became lovely and healthy cats and all grew up to be great mouse catchers just like their mother.
（2024·上海松江·二模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
A pack rat① named Poncho had a big storeroom for all his things. Every day, Poncho went outside. He came back with leaves for lunch, seeds for supper and other things to f 29 his storeroom.
One day, as Poncho was walking, he saw a shiny golden spoon. He picked up the spoon and took it home.
“Oh no,” said Poncho, looking around his storeroom. “There’s no s 30 for my spoon. I’ll have to move things around to find a place for it.” But he failed.
“I’ll sort my things into two piles,” Poncho said to himself. “I’ll make a pile of things I want to s 31 and a pile of things to throw away.” When Poncho finished sorting, he didn’t have two piles. He had one pile. He wanted everything. He was sad because his plan had not worked.
Then an idea came to Poncho’s mind. “I know how I’ll make room for my spoon! My birthday is coming soon. I can have an amazing party.”
Poncho made an i 32 .
Come to my special birthday. I’ll have a giving-away party. Don’t bring me a present. I’ll give each of you one instead. After the party, you can take anything e 33 the shiny golden spoon outside my door.
Poncho’s friends all came to his party on the birthday. They ate birthday berries and sang the birthday song. Then Poncho said, “It’s time for my dear friends to pick presents.”
The party turned w 34 . The guests shouted happily, chose what they like and showed appreciation to Poncho. And he waved goodbye to all his friends.
“Now I will bring in my shiny spoon,” Poncho said happily. He went out and took the spoon inside. He stood in the center of the storeroom and looked around, “Tomorrow I will go out and get a few m 35 things. After all, why have a storeroom if you don’t store things in it ”
① pack rat林鼠，生活在北美及尼加拉瓜和危地马拉等地，它们在觅食的同时也捡拾筑窝的材料。林鼠有个奇特的习性，就是收集并在窝申藏各种怪诞的物品，特别喜欢闪光发亮的小物件。
（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.
To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but n 36 of them kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin’s artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, some still unopened. This time Lin’s parents would let him d 37 .
Lin’s eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. A 38 Lin’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.
The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. He didn’t e 39 know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, to him it couldn’t be worse.
Then he saw it. “Cooking” sounded like something he’d like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.
Based on Lin’s hobby history, his dad had doubts (疑惑), but he agreed. Much to his parents’ s 40 , Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to b 41 , when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.
The months turned to years but his hobby never became different again. Now Lin is an adult and r 42 a wonderful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.
（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）When we say someone is in a blue mood, it means he or she is unhappy or sad. Are you feeling a little blue Here are some fast and easy ways to cheer you up.Exercise
When you exercise, your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin (内啡肽). This chemical makes you feel happy. That is w 43 exercise is good for you.Have a talk
If something or somebody is troubling you, don’t quarrel with other people to r 44 yourself. It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart with a friend or a family member. Tell them your feelings. A c 45 is a useful way to make you feel better.Have some hobbies
For example, playing pop-music, drawing something or listening to your f 46 music will make you smile. Act like an artist. Draw, paint or make something. Being a 47 and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous.Laugh more
Laughing is the best way to i 48 your moods. Children laugh about 400 times a day. Adults only laugh about 20 times a day. What happens Experts say if we laugh more, we will be happier and healthier.Think positively (积极地)
Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful scene or a time. N 49 think about anything terrible that you can’t change. What’s more, leave your flat and go outside. Sun and fresh air are good for you. Be a kid for a day. Play games, watch funny movies and read jokes online.
（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Ask Dr. Drew I’m here to help you keep fit and well.◆ Too busy to exercise! My wife says I’m putting on weight and I should do more exercise (She’s super fit—she’s just done the Marathon!), but I just don’t have time because I have a very stressful job. And I have to t 50 a lot. For example, I once spent 80 hours in a week flying between different cities. How can I find time to have a fitness routine What should I do —James◆ I get bored doing exercise! I do exercise—I understand how important it is, but I get so bored. I tried s 51 , but just going up and down a pool is so boring! I tried going to the gym but walking on the spot is so depressing! I bought an exercise DVD, but I used it only a few times. What should I do —Cherry◆ I hurt my ankle so b 52 ! I’m a keen keep-fitter, but this morning when I was out running I fell and hurt my ankle. I think it doesn’t matter, but it’s quite a serious one. What kind of exercise I should do while I’m injured I can’t even walk very well at the moment. —Jason
Advice from Dr. Drew ◆ Dear James, You should make exercise as part of your daily life—you shouldn’t sit at your desk all day. Perhaps there is a gym n 53 where you work—keep some sports clothes at work and go there for just 15 minutes during your lunch break when you can. You don’t have to exercise for a1 54 period. Ten minutes every now and then is enough.
◆ Dear Cherry, Oh dear! I think you should try a different kind of sports. I don’t think you should exercise a 55 . It can help if you do it with other people—what about a sport, such as tennis, or perhaps dancing There are all kinds of dance classes—you’re sure to find one you like.
◆ Dear Jason, You must see a doctor! You must find out how serious the injury is. If not, you should do some g 56 exercise at first. Perhaps some exercise in water or yoga (瑜伽) classes are good choices. Later, you can try strong exercise with the doctor’s guide.
（2024·上海徐汇·二模）
Vegetarianism is increasing in the UK since more and more people are deciding not to eat meat and animal products. About 2,000 people are giving up meat and “going veggie” in Britain every week. Even a “National Vegetarian Week” is o 57 every year to encourage people to try a meat-free lifestyle.
If you visit a British supermarket and you will see a wide v 58 of vegetarian ingredients and prepared meals on the shelves, including sausages and cheese.
Many are unhappy about the p 59 treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production on the environment. Worries about food safety also play a part. Others choose to change their eating habits to improve their general h 60 . According to a study, a meat-free diet could help r 61 the risk of heart disease, as well as becoming overweight.
Another rising trend is in how UK food is produced. They want their food to be organically (有机地) produced. Organic farmers use very f 62 or no chemicals. Organically farmed animals also have more living space and organic food is more nutritious.
Nearly 75% UK families now buy some types of organic food. Some get organic meat, fruit and vegetables from farmers’ markets. The products are sold d 63 to the customers. Others have a box of organic fruit and vegetables coming to their homes every week. Many people buy organic produce in their local supermarket. Although it’s often more expensive, fans of organic food say it tastes much better!
（2024·上海闵行·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词， 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
My voice matters
Scientists have found that putting our feelings into words makes us feel less sad or angry. Sharing our thoughts can r 64 our worries and help us feel happy.
H 65 , it isn’t always an easy thing to find the words to explain how we feel. This is why young people’s mental health (心理健康) charity Place2Be has made “My Voice Matters” the theme of this year’s Children’s Mental Health Week (5-11 February).
What does “making my voice heard” mean
Do you have trouble sharing your thoughts or worry no one will listen to you Making your voice heard means understanding that your words matter and your o 66 are valued. Dr. Gray is a psychologist (心理学家) at Place2Be. She says it means “Sharing your views, thoughts and feelings and being open to hearing the thoughts, feelings and views of others too.” Making yourself heard isn’t about shouting the loudest; In fact, you don’t have to use your voice at all. “You can express what you like, don’t like or what you want by writing or d 67 instead”, says Dr. Gray. “It’s about finding ways to share what matters to you,” she explains.
Why is “My Voice Matters” i 68
Sharing your feelings with a person you trust will help you understand yourself better. Scientists have discovered that sharing your feelings causes a chemical in your brain that makes you feel relaxed. Meanwhile, your voice can make a big difference to others, too. Dr. Gray says, “You can show your feelings d 69 by speaking face-to-face. With a few kind words, you could help others feel good about themselves or let them know they are supported.”
How can you find your voice
Dr. Gray suggests talking with friends or parents on the way home from school. “If it’s difficult for you to express yourself, find a way that is r 70 for you, whether it’s talking face-to-face or writing it down. When you’re ready, take a deep breath and believe in yourself,”says Dr. Gray.
（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给).
Pompeii (庞贝) is world-famous and attracts millions of tourists every year. However, the site has been in t 71 in recent years.
Relic (遗迹) hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii so they can s 72 items to sell. The w 73 isn’t just about things being stolen. If these tunnels fall down, they could injure people visiting the site.
Human guards at the site have been exploring the tunnels but they are often too n 74 to easily enter. They can also be dangerous as they might fall down at any moment.
This is where Spot, a dog-like robot, steps in. At nighttime, when there are no visitors, Spot will walk around the ancient city looking for hidden tunnels. With a c 75 and light attached (固定), Spot can enter the small tunnels and give a l 76 broadcast of what it can see. With its four stable (稳固的) legs, it is also able to carefully walk across the cobbled streets (鹅卵石路) of Pompeii and e 77 climb stairs.
So who knows, if Spot is successful, there might soon be more futuristic robots wandering around ancient sites.
（2024·上海青浦·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future, a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 78 . Medicine has advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 79 our impact (影响) on the environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) (人工智能) and space exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 80 . The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step f 81 , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being r 82 . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances to get the resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 83 to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a b 84 tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human专题06 首字母填空满分技巧方法（中考热点难点）
目 录
1
4
【题型解读】 4
【命题规律】 5
【解题技巧】 5
【解题技巧详解】 5
9
18
2023·上海中考·真题
Daniel has one of the best jobs in the world— or at least he thinks so! He's adolphin trainer. Find out more about Daniel and his amazing job in the i 71_ _ below.
(R=Reporter, D=Daniel)
R: How did you become a dolphin trainer
D: Seven years ago, I saw an advertisement for a dolphin trainer in the newspaper. It
seemed like an interesting job. So I a 72_ _ and got the job.
R: What does a dolphin trainer actually do
D: One obvious answer is"train dolphins. In fact, we spend
less time doing this than people think. To look after thedolphins is our main d 73.For example, I spend a lot oftime feeding them and cleaning their living area.What'smore, I check their temperatures every morning to make surethat they are h 74
R: What do you train a dolphin to do
D: One of the tricks we teach the dolphins is to touch a stick with their noses. They
also 1 75_ other simple tricks such as singing, dancing and shaking hands.R: What do you think of your job
D: It's hard work but very meaningful. I've gained more k 76_ about dolphins.For example,it was said that dolphins could recognize the names of theirrelatives and friends. We wanted to t 77__this idea. So we did an experimentwith the help of some scientists. We found it was true. We also found thedolphins ignored the names they didn't know. Isn't it amazing
【答案】71. interview 72. applied 73. duty 74. healthy 75. knowledge 76. learn 77. test
2022·上海中考·真题
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（14分）
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。
Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes It is my opinion that spending money on experiences brings greater happiness.
My first r___67___ is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. Instead, we are the result of everything we’ve seen and done. For example, getting expensive clothes didn’t c___68___ me as a person, but the camping trip last summer certainly did. It made me more independent.
In addition, I p___69___ experiences because they bring people together. Sharing a new experience develops stronger relationships and creates long-lasting memories. Three years ago I met some teenagers on a study trip and now I am s___70___ in touch with them, but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip.
My final point is that, although some people say it is a great j___71___ to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant. For example, I spend most of my spare money on new parts for my old mountain bike, but I love the experience of c___72___, not owning bike parts!
To sum up, experiences make us who we are and develop stronger relationships. So next time before you pay for something, give it some s___73___ thought. Ask yourself, “Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ”
【答案】67. (r)eason
68. (c)hange
69. (p)refer
70. (s)till
71. (j)oy 72. (c)ycling
73. (s)erious
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者谈了自己对于人生经历的看法。
【67题详解】
句意：我的第一个原因是，随着我们的成长，经历使我们变得不同。根据下文“In addition, I prefer experiences because … My final point is that …”可知，此处是在阐述作者的第一个理由，结合所给首字母“r”可拼写出名词reason，意为“理由”，符合句意，故填(r)eason。
【68题详解】
句意：例如，买昂贵的衣服并没有改变我的个性，但去年夏天的露营旅行确实改变了我。根据下文“It made me more independent”提示，去年夏天的露营旅行改变了作者的个性，此处指的是“改变”，结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出动词change，空格前为助动词“didn’t”，故此处change应用动词原形。故填(c)hange。
【69题详解】
句意：此外，我更喜欢经历，因为它们能把人们聚在一起。根据上文“Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes ”可知，作者在文章一开头就拿拥有某个物品与拥有一段经历进行对比，故此处指的是“更喜欢”，结合所给首字母“p”可拼写出动词prefer，根据语境及主语“I”可知，此处prefer应用动词原形。故填(p)refer。
【70题详解】
句意：三年前，我在一次学习旅行中遇到了一些青少年，现在我仍然与他们保持联系，但我几乎不记得我在旅行中买了什么。根据下文“but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip”可知，此处存在转折关系，故上文指的是仍然与那些青少年保持着联系，结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出副词still，意为“仍然”，符合句意，故填(s)till。
【71题详解】
句意：我的最后一点理由是，虽然有些人说拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐，但我认为使用自己拥有的东西更令人愉快。根据下文“I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知，此处指的是拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐，结合所给首字母“j”可拼写出名词joy，空格前有“a”，故joy应用单数形式，故填(j)oy。
【72题详解】
句意：例如，我把大部分余钱花在旧山地自行车的新零件上，但我喜欢的是骑车的体验，而不是拥有自行车零件！根据上文“although some people say it is a great joy to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知，此处指的是喜欢的是骑车的体验，结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出名词cycling，意为“骑行自行车”，符合句意，故填(c)ycling。
【73题详解】
句意：所以，下次你付钱之前，请认真考虑一下。根据下文“Ask yourself, ‘Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ’”可知，下次你付钱之前，要认真考虑一下，结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出形容词serious，意为“认真的”，符合句意，故填(s)erious。
【题型解读】
首字母填空已经成为上海中考英语压轴大题，是难度最大的一种题型。该题要求是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。
短文首字母填空需要大量的词汇量，它没有选和猜的可能性，单词一定要能写出来，而且还要正确，就必须兼顾词义、词性、搭配和语境。在处理这种题目时，有些同学或急于求成，或过于自信，或为节约时间，匆匆答题，殊不知这样做只会适得其反，达不到良好的效果，因此，了解和掌握正确的解题技巧和策略是十分必要的。
【命题规律】
解答这类试题，需要考生：
1.拥有足够的词汇量　有助于看到首字母后能够快速想起相关单词，再从中筛选。
2.具有语法运用能力　在确定了所填词的意义和词性后，还要根据语法规则或短语搭配填写。
3.具有阅读理解能力　考生需要通读全文，并结合上下文语境填词，填好后再确认文章意思是否畅通。
【解题技巧】
1.跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2、复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处
所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3、三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
【解题技巧详解】
从句子成分角度分析
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。
对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。
【随堂测练1】
The I________ brings us closer than before.
Doing some r________ before the test is necessary.
Three r________ happened yesterday. But today all the robbers have been caught by the police.
The children are all working in the classroom. Some of them are cleaning the windows and o_______ are sweeping the floor.
此外，形容词前加the也可作主语。
eg: The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。
对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。
【随堂测练2】
My mum always e________ me to be a brave boy when I was young.
This kind of new mobile phone costs so much that I can hardly a________ one.
Knowing more than one language i ________ your knowledge of other cultures.
The students in our school always c________ about the food.
时态:
一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式
一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式
现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式
现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式
对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。
【随堂测练3】
The doctors are busy o________ on the seriously injured man at the moment.
If you feel nervous, take a deep b________ and I'm sure you'll feel better.
He had to make a c________ between studying in Shanghai and going abroad.
If you meet with any d________, you can ask me for help.
对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为：形容词，名词, 介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
【随堂测练4】
He is p________ of his daughter, for she always gets A grades in all subjects.
The sick man is getting w________. Maybe he will die soon.
Such cold weather is quite u________ in May and people have to wear warm clothes again.
She was a________ a big prize for her hard work.
对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
【随堂测练5】
I’ve been used to the c________ weather in London.
The visit to Chongming Island was really u________, it left us a sweet memory.
That’s only my p________ opinion. Everyone is welcome to share yours.
The French artist said, “It is my f_______ time to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much.”
对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
【随堂测练6】
The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so e________. She remembered it was hard.
I thought I was wrong. A________, it is a wise decision.
B________, you need to make up a story. Can you write your own one
As you climb, your partner pulls you climbing rope t________ something called a belay device (绳索控制器).
对连词的判断:并列连词and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both…and等连接并列的词,词组和句子; 从属连词although/though /because/ if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。
【随堂测练7】
Work harder, a________ you’ll make great progress in English.
My job is to protect the innocent as well a________ find the guilty.
A ________Walt Disney made many of his most famous movies many years ago, they are as popular now as they were when he made them.
You will fail in the exam u ________ you study harder than before.
其他做题思路：
依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：
如:W ________ his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much.
从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”， with his help.
依据语法知识进行填词：
如: These people often have thin walls which can’t s ________ the noise from next door.
根据句意我们了解道墙壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根据中考词组“stop…
from”，所以填stop。
依据常识的积累进行填词：
如:But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one
word “S________.”
Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S .”
我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.
依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：
如：One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He
wanted to p ________ his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together.
根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进
行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.
参考答案：
【随堂测练1】1.Internet 2.revision 3.robberies 4.others
【随堂测练2】1.encouraged/enabled 2.afford 3.improves/increases 4.complain
【随堂测练3】1.operating 2.breath 3.choice 4.difficulty
【随堂测练4】1.proud 2.worse 3.unusual 4.awarded
【随堂测练5】1.changeable2.unforgettable3.personal 4.first
【随堂测练6】1.easily 2.Actually 3.Besides 4.through
【随堂测练7】1.and 2.as 3.Although 4.unless
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Every year, there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world. These disasters kill 90,000 people. Other 200 million people were seriously hurt. When people know a storm is coming, they leave for shelters or s 1 areas. But what happens to the animals D 2 for Animals
During storms and other disasters, animals cannot usually go to shelters without help. Storms can hurt animals in different ways. High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats. Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish. Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don’t people take their animals with them Some shelters don’t have enough space or don’t take pets. Sometimes, t 3 things can happen. In 2005, 600,000 pets died in New Orleans, USA, during Hurricane (飓风) Katrina because their owners left them behind. The animals couldn’t swim. They didn’t have food, either.Ways to Help
Many people help animals before, during, and after disasters. Before storms, some volunteers w 4 people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters. During a storm, they look for animals and save them. Some volunteers also help wild animals, such as birds, deer and even koalas in Australia. They give the animals m 5 care. After the storm, many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded. High water is very dirty and can make animals sick. They give the animals medicine. They help the animals feel better.R 6 to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people. Most people don’t want animals to die. It’s expensive to lose farm animals. Also, dead animals bring disease. In addition, some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster. T 7 , taking care of animals during storms is important. This helps the animals, and it helps people, too.
【答案】1．(s)afe/(s)afer 2．(D)anger 3．(t)errible 4．(w)arn 5．(m)edical 6．(R)easons 7．(T)herefore
【分析】本文讲述了在面临自然灾害时，动物面临的危险，人类的帮助以及帮助的原因。
1．句意：当人们知道暴风雨即将来临时，他们会前往避难所或安全区域。根据“they leave for shelters”以及结合首字母，可知是指他们会前往避难所或安全区域。safe“安全的”或safer“更安全的”作定语，都符合语境，故填(s)afe/(s)afer。
2．句意：动物面临的危险。根据“Storms can hurt animals in different ways.”可知本段讲述的是动物面临的危险。“danger”在泛指“危险、风险”时，通常是作为不可数名词使用。故填(D)anger。
3．句意：有时候，可怕的事情可能会发生。根据“In 2005, 600,000 pets died in New Orleans, USA, during Hurricane (飓风) Katrina because their owners left them behind.”可知是指可怕的事情可能会发生。terrible“可怕的”，作定语，故填(t)errible。
4．句意：暴风雨来临前，一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。根据“Before storms”以及首字母，可知是指一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。warn“警告”，主语是volunteers复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填(w)arn。
5．句意：他们为这些动物提供医疗护理。根据“During a storm, they look for animals and save them.”以及首字母，可知是指他们为这些动物提供医疗处理。medical care“医疗处理”，故填(m)edical。
6．句意：帮助的原因。根据“Also, dead animals bring disease. In addition, some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.”以及本段内容，可知是指帮助的原因。reason“原因”，此处用复数表泛指，故填(R)easons。
7．句意：因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。根据“taking care of animals during storms is important.”以及结合首字母，可知是指因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。therefore“因此”，故填(T)herefore。
（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Are Children Born With Talents
It is common to hear people saying:“This kid was born to do this. ”Are people indeed born with talents Can anyone be taught how to gain certain skills
On the one hand, it is thought that each one of us has a specific(特殊的) talent that we were born with. There are children who are very g 8 at music or sports even from their young age when they were not taught the skill at all. Moreover, there are many children who have managed to develop their skills on their own w 9 any help from experts(专家). This is actually what impresses people and make them b 10 that there are people who have born with specific talents. However, that does not mean that experts and teachers are not important. They help d 11 these talents in children and help them improve their skills.
On the other hand, some others argue that everyone can become a good musician or athlete if they are taught by good teachers. What is needed is to be r 12 keen on learning and willing to try hard to achieve your goals. We’ve seen examples like this: A child didn’t seem to be able to be a musician, but after a lot of p 13 and lessons, he finally succeeded. Everyone can be what they want to be t 14 the right and professional training.
All in all, there are talented children, but without proper training, no one can improve their skills to achieve excellence.
【答案】8．(g)ood 9．(w)ithout 10．(b)elieve 11．(d)iscover 12．(r)eally 13．(p)ractice 14．(t)hrough
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。短文主要讨论了人们是否天生具有特殊才能，以及是否任何人都可以通过教导获得某种技能。一方面，有人认为每个人天生就具有特定的才能，有些孩子在接受教导之前就擅长音乐或运动。另一方面，一些人认为在良好老师的帮助下，任何人都可以成为优秀的音乐家或运动员。总的来说，虽然孩子有天赋，但没有适当的培训，他们都无法提高自己的技能以取得卓越成就。
8．句意：有些孩子非常擅长音乐或运动，甚至在他们很小的时候也没有学习这项技能。根据“… are very … at music or sports …”以及首字母，可知擅长音乐与运动，be good at“擅长”，固定短语。故填(g)ood。
9．句意：此外，有许多儿童在没有任何专家帮助的情况下独自发展了自己的技能。根据“on their own … any help from experts”以及首字母，可知儿童独自发展自己的技能。故填(w)ithout。
10．句意：这使人们相信有些人天生就有特殊的才能。根据“This has led people to ... that some people are born with specific talents”并结合首字母，可知，这使人们相信有些人天生就有特殊的才能。故填(b)elieve。
11．句意：他们帮助孩子们发现这些才能，并帮助他们提高他们的技能。根据“They help … these talents in children and help them improve their skills.”以及首字母。可知专家帮助发现天赋，并且帮助提高技能。故填(d)iscover。
12．句意：我们需要的是真正热衷于学习，并愿意努力去实现你的目标。根据“What is needed is to be … keen on learning and willing to try hard to achieve your goals.”以及首字母，可知此处缺副词，really“真正地”。故填(r)eally。
13．句意：我们也看到过这样的例子：一个孩子似乎不能成为一个音乐家，但经过大量的练习和课程，他终于成功了。根据“after a lot of … and lessons, he finally succeeded.”以及首字母，可知经过练习以及课程，他最后成功。故填(p)ractice。
14．句意：通过正确的和专业的培训，每个人都可以成为他们想成为的人。根据“Everyone can be what they want to be … the right and professional training.”以及首字母，可知空格处缺介词through，与the right and professional training构成介词短语，作方式状语。故填(t)hrough。
（2024·上海虹口·二模） Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Have you ever been stuck for words Knowing what to say and when to say it isn’t always easy—but we can learn, practise and improve.
What does communication mean
Communication is how we s 15 information and it helps us connect with others. When you have a conversation with someone, you’re not just exchanging words. You are also expressing yourself by controlling your voice and using body language. Conversation s 16 include starting conversations, using eye contact, knowing what to talk about and taking turns to speak and listen.
What are the b 17 of conversation
Having a conversation is great for exchanging thoughts and feelings. Listening helps you to discover new ideas and understand other people’s feelings because you are seeing things t 18 someone else’s eyes. Radio presenter Emma Barnett says, “Of all the many different ways we communicate, talking sends out your message best because it’s easier to understand what someone a 19 means. Good communication opens up understanding, feeling and emotion.”
What makes a good conversation
Taking turns to talk is an essential part of a conversation. Some people have a lot to say; others need encouragement to speak, so make sure e 20 has a chance to join in. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and don’t be afraid to ask questions or express your opinions. Body language sends out messages about how we feel, so make sure you look at someone while speaking to them. If you see them nodding and smiling, this means they’re showing i 21 . If they are looking away, it could mean they want to end the conversation. Advice expert Annalisa Barbieri believes listening is the most important part of a conversation. “It’s all about paying attention,” she says.
【答案】15．(s)hare 16．(s)kills 17．(b)enefits 18．(t)hrough 19．(a)ctually 20．(e)veryone/(e)verybody 21．(i)nterest
【分析】本文主要介绍了通过学习、练习和提高，我们可以知道什么时候该说什么话。
15．句意：沟通是我们分享信息的方式，它帮助我们与他人联系。根据“Communication is how we s...information”可知，是指分享信息。share“分享”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(s)hare。
16．句意：对话技巧包括开始对话，使用眼神交流，知道该说什么，轮流说和听。根据“starting conversations, using eye contact, knowing what to talk about and taking turns to speak and listen.”可知，这些都属于对话技巧。skill“技巧”，名词应用复数。故填(s)kills。
17．句意：对话的好处是什么？根据“Having a conversation is great for exchanging thoughts and feelings”和首字母可知，这里介绍对话的好处。benefit“好处”，结合are可知，名词应用复数。故填(b)enefits。
18．句意：倾听可以帮助你发现新的想法，理解别人的感受，因为你是在通过别人的眼睛看问题。根据“because you are seeing things t...someone else’s eyes”可知，是指通过别人眼睛看问题，应用介词through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。
19．句意：在所有不同的交流方式中，说话最能传达你的信息，因为它更容易理解别人的真正意思。根据“talking sends out your message best because it’s easier to understand what someone a...means”可知，通过说话，你可以确切地理解别人的意思。actually“确切地”，副词修饰动词。故填(a)ctually。
20．句意：其他人需要鼓励才能发言，所以要确保每个人都有机会加入。根据“Taking turns to talk is an essential part of a conversation.”可知，轮流交谈是谈话的重要组成部分。所以要确保每个人都有机会加入。everyone/everybody“每个人”。故填(e)veryone/(e)verybody。
21．句意：如果你看到他们点头和微笑，这意味着他们对你感兴趣。根据“If you see them nodding and smiling”可知，如果你看到他们点头和微笑，这表明他们感兴趣。interest“兴趣”，名词。故填(i)nterest。
（2024·上海徐汇·一模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
One morning before going off to work, I called my cat Socky to be fed, but she didn’t come. Socky was going to be a mother cat. I thought she had probably found somewhere to have her kittens and would turn up later. But when Socky didn’t come at dinner time, or the next day, I really started to w 22 .
Socky had a habit of having her kittens in strange places, so I checked all her hidey-holes but she wasn’t in any of them. The next day was Saturday and I had the w 23 day to search for her. I went into the garage, checked the places under and behind old books, but no Socky.
After lunch I took some food with me in case I found her. I began searching the backyard. There were a lot of cardboard boxes full of junk and empty boxes. After about an hour of m 24 cardboard boxes from one place to another and back again, I was tired. I sat down on a pile of boxes to have a r 25 when I heard mewing (sound of cats).
I put my head up against each of the boxes and had to carry each one carefully before I could look i 26 . Finally, I found Socky and her three tiny kittens. I could imagine when Socky jumped into one of the boxes, some higher ones f 27 and covered her. Socky was very pleased to see me. Although she was so w 28 , she just jumped to ground. She managed to eat the food I brought her.
I named the three kittens shortly after. They soon became lovely and healthy cats and all grew up to be great mouse catchers just like their mother.
【答案】22．(w)orry 23．(w)hole 24．(m)oving 25．(r)est 26．(i)nside 27．(f)ell 28．(w)eak
【分析】本文主要讲述了作者的宠物猫索基不见了，最后作者在后院的纸板箱里找到了索基和它的3个猫宝宝。
22．句意：但是当索基在晚饭时间没有来的时候，并且第二天也没来，我真的开始担心了。根据“But when Socky didn’t come at dinner time, or the next day”及首字母提示可知，此处是指作者开始担心索基，worry“担心”，结合空前不定式符号“to”可知，空格处应用动词原形。故填(w)orry。
23．句意：第二天是星期六，我有一整天的时间去找她。空格处应填一个形容词作定语，根据“The next day was Saturday ”及首字母提示可知，此处是指一整天，whole“整个的”。故填(w)hole。
24．句意：把纸板箱从一个地方搬到另一个地方，再搬回来，大约一个小时后，我累了。根据“from one place to another and back again”及首字母提示可知，此处是指搬纸板箱，move“搬”，结合空前介词“of”可知，此处应用动词ing形式。故填(m)oving。
25．句意：我坐在一堆盒子上休息，突然听到猫叫声。根据前文“I was tired”及首字母提示可知，此处考查have a rest“休息”。故填(r)est。
26．句意：我把头靠在每一个箱子上，必须小心翼翼地拎着每一个箱子，才能看里面。根据“I put my head up against each of the boxes and had to carry each one carefully”及首字母提示可知，此处是指看箱子里面，inside“往里面”。故填(i)nside。
27．句意：我可以想象，当索基跳进其中一个盒子时，一些更高的盒子掉了下来，盖住了她。根据空后“and covered her”及首字母提示可知，此处是指一些更高的盒子掉了下来，fall“落下”，结合句子是一般过去时，此处动词应用过去式。故填(f)ell。
28．句意：尽管她很虚弱，她还是跳到了地上。空格处应填一个形容词作表语，根据前文提到索基很久没有进食及首字母提示可知，此处是指它很虚弱，weak“虚弱的”。故填(w)eak。
（2024·上海松江·二模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
A pack rat① named Poncho had a big storeroom for all his things. Every day, Poncho went outside. He came back with leaves for lunch, seeds for supper and other things to f 29 his storeroom.
One day, as Poncho was walking, he saw a shiny golden spoon. He picked up the spoon and took it home.
“Oh no,” said Poncho, looking around his storeroom. “There’s no s 30 for my spoon. I’ll have to move things around to find a place for it.” But he failed.
“I’ll sort my things into two piles,” Poncho said to himself. “I’ll make a pile of things I want to s 31 and a pile of things to throw away.” When Poncho finished sorting, he didn’t have two piles. He had one pile. He wanted everything. He was sad because his plan had not worked.
Then an idea came to Poncho’s mind. “I know how I’ll make room for my spoon! My birthday is coming soon. I can have an amazing party.”
Poncho made an i 32 .
Come to my special birthday. I’ll have a giving-away party. Don’t bring me a present. I’ll give each of you one instead. After the party, you can take anything e 33 the shiny golden spoon outside my door.
Poncho’s friends all came to his party on the birthday. They ate birthday berries and sang the birthday song. Then Poncho said, “It’s time for my dear friends to pick presents.”
The party turned w 34 . The guests shouted happily, chose what they like and showed appreciation to Poncho. And he waved goodbye to all his friends.
“Now I will bring in my shiny spoon,” Poncho said happily. He went out and took the spoon inside. He stood in the center of the storeroom and looked around, “Tomorrow I will go out and get a few m 35 things. After all, why have a storeroom if you don’t store things in it ”
① pack rat林鼠，生活在北美及尼加拉瓜和危地马拉等地，它们在觅食的同时也捡拾筑窝的材料。林鼠有个奇特的习性，就是收集并在窝申藏各种怪诞的物品，特别喜欢闪光发亮的小物件。
【答案】29．(f)ill 30．(s)pace 31．(s)ave 32．(i)nvitation 33．(e)xcept 34．(w)ild 35．(m)ore
【分析】本文讲述了Poncho爱收集物品，然后家里没有地方放东西了，把收集的物品送给朋友的故事。
29．句意：他带着午饭吃的树叶、晚饭吃的种子回来了，还带着其他东西填满了他的储藏室。由“He came back with leaves for lunch, seeds for supper and other things to…his storeroom”及首字母可知，此处应用fill“填满”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(f)ill。
30．句意：“没有地方放我的勺子了。我得把东西挪一挪，给它找个地方放。”由“I’ll have to move things around to find a place for it”及首字母可知，此处应用space“空间”，指没有地方了。故填(s)pace。
31．句意：“我会把想要保存的东西和想要扔掉的东西放在一起。”由“I’ll make a pile of things I want to…and a pile of things to throw away”及首字母可知，此处指保存下来，save符合语境，want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定短语。故填(s)ave。
32．句意：Poncho发出了邀请。由下文及首字母可知，此处是发出了邀请，invitation“邀请”，an后接可数名词单数。故填(i)nvitation。
33．句意：派对结束后，你可以拿走任何东西除了我门外那把闪闪发光的金勺子。根据“you can take anything…the shiny golden spoon”及首字母可知，此处指除了那把金勺子，except“除了”符合语境。故填(e)xcept。
34．句意：聚会变得疯狂起来。由“The guests shouted happily, chose what they like and showed appreciation to Poncho”及首字母可知，此处指疯狂起来，wild“狂热的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)ild。
35．句意：他站在储藏室中央，环顾四周，“明天我再出去找些东西。毕竟，如果你不把东西放在储藏室里，那又有什么用呢？”a few more“再多几个”，固定短语。故填(m)ore。
（23-24九年级下·上海黄浦·阶段练习）Fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children’s Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.
To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but n 36 of them kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lin’s artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, some still unopened. This time Lin’s parents would let him d 37 .
Lin’s eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at “Photography”. He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. A 38 Lin’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.
The next course to catch his eye was “Language Art”. He didn’t e 39 know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, to him it couldn’t be worse.
Then he saw it. “Cooking” sounded like something he’d like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.
Based on Lin’s hobby history, his dad had doubts (疑惑), but he agreed. Much to his parents’ s 40 , Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to b 41 , when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.
The months turned to years but his hobby never became different again. Now Lin is an adult and r 42 a wonderful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.
【答案】36．(n)one 37．(d)ecide 38．(A)lthough 39．(e)ven 40．(s)urprise 41．(b)irthdays 42．(r)uns
【分析】本文讲述了林在十一岁生日时选择了烹饪课程作为他的爱好，并坚持学习多年。尽管他之前尝试过多种爱好，但都未能持久。烹饪不仅经济方便，而且富有创意，让林找到了真正的兴趣所在。通过不断努力，他成长为一名优秀的厨师，并最终开设了自己的餐馆。这个故事展示了兴趣和热爱对于个人成长和成功的重要性。
36．句意：在那之前，林有很多爱好，但没有一个能使他保持兴趣超过一两个星期。根据“To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but ... of them kept his interest for more than a week or two.”及首字母可知，此处表示转折，说明没有一个爱好能让他的兴趣保持超过一两个星期，none“没有一个”符合。故填(n)one。
37．句意：这一次林的父母会让他决定。根据“he could choose any course that interested him”及“This time Lin’s parents would let him”可知，林自己选择感兴趣的课程，因此此处表示林的父母让他自己决定，decide“决定”，let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填(d)ecide。
38．句意：虽然林的家庭并不贫穷，但他们也不富裕，而且一台相机要花很多钱。根据“... Lin’s family weren’t poor, they weren’t rich either”可知，前后是让步关系，结合首字母可知，应该用although引导让步状语从句。故填(A)lthough。
39．句意：他甚至不知道那是什么意思。根据“He didn’t ... know what that meant.”及首字母可知，他甚至不知道“Language Art”是什么意思，even“甚至”符合。故填(e)ven。
40．句意：令父母吃惊的是，林竟然信守了诺言。根据“Lin kept his promise.”可知，这一次林信守诺言，这令他的父母很吃惊，surprise“吃惊”，to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故填(s)urprise。
41．句意：每个人都期待着生日，那时他们可以吃他的蛋糕。根据“when they could eat his cakes”及首字母可知，过生日可以吃蛋糕，birthday“生日”符合，此处用名词复数表示泛指，故填(b)irthdays。
42．句意：现在林已经成年，经营着一家很棒的餐馆。根据“Now Lin is an adult and ... a wonderful restaurant.”及首字母可知，此处表示经营一家餐馆，run“经营，管理”符合，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故填(r)uns。
（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）When we say someone is in a blue mood, it means he or she is unhappy or sad. Are you feeling a little blue Here are some fast and easy ways to cheer you up.Exercise
When you exercise, your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin (内啡肽). This chemical makes you feel happy. That is w 43 exercise is good for you.Have a talk
If something or somebody is troubling you, don’t quarrel with other people to r 44 yourself. It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart with a friend or a family member. Tell them your feelings. A c 45 is a useful way to make you feel better.Have some hobbies
For example, playing pop-music, drawing something or listening to your f 46 music will make you smile. Act like an artist. Draw, paint or make something. Being a 47 and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous.Laugh more
Laughing is the best way to i 48 your moods. Children laugh about 400 times a day. Adults only laugh about 20 times a day. What happens Experts say if we laugh more, we will be happier and healthier.Think positively (积极地)
Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful scene or a time. N 49 think about anything terrible that you can’t change. What’s more, leave your flat and go outside. Sun and fresh air are good for you. Be a kid for a day. Play games, watch funny movies and read jokes online.
【答案】43．(w)hy 44．(r)elax 45．(c)hat 46．(f)avourite 47．(a)ctive 48．(i)mprove 49．(N)ever
【分析】本文主要讲了让你高兴的几种方法。
43．句意：这就是为什么运动对你有好处。由“When you exercise, your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin (内啡肽). This chemical makes you feel happy”及首字母可知，此处在介绍为什么锻炼对人有好处，why“为什么”。故填(w)hy。
44．句意：如果有什么事或什么人让你烦恼，不要和别人争吵，放松自己。由“If something or somebody is troubling you, don’t quarrel with other people to…yourself”及首字母可知，此处指放松自己，relax“放松”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(r)elax。
45．句意：聊天是一种让你感觉更好的有效方式。由“It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart with a friend or a family member. Tell them your feelings”及首字母可知，此处指和别人聊天，chat“聊天”，a后接可数名词单数。故填(c)hat。
46．句意：播放流行音乐，画画或听你最喜欢的音乐会让你微笑。由“listening to your…music will make you smile”及首字母可知，此处指听喜欢的音乐，favourite“最喜欢的”，此处作定语修饰名词music。故填(f)avourite。
47．句意：积极和有创造力会让你感到更满足，更少紧张。由“Being…and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous”可知，此处指积极的，active“积极的”，此处用形容词作表语。故填(a)ctive。
48．句意：笑是改善情绪的最好方法。由“Laughing is the best way to…your moods”及首字母可知，此处指改善情绪，improve“改善”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(i)mprove。
49．句意：永远不要去想那些你无法改变的可怕的事情。由“Think positively”及首字母可知，此处指不要去想无法改变的可怕的事情，never“决不”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填(N)ever。
（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Ask Dr. Drew I’m here to help you keep fit and well.◆ Too busy to exercise! My wife says I’m putting on weight and I should do more exercise (She’s super fit—she’s just done the Marathon!), but I just don’t have time because I have a very stressful job. And I have to t 50 a lot. For example, I once spent 80 hours in a week flying between different cities. How can I find time to have a fitness routine What should I do —James◆ I get bored doing exercise! I do exercise—I understand how important it is, but I get so bored. I tried s 51 , but just going up and down a pool is so boring! I tried going to the gym but walking on the spot is so depressing! I bought an exercise DVD, but I used it only a few times. What should I do —Cherry◆ I hurt my ankle so b 52 ! I’m a keen keep-fitter, but this morning when I was out running I fell and hurt my ankle. I think it doesn’t matter, but it’s quite a serious one. What kind of exercise I should do while I’m injured I can’t even walk very well at the moment. —Jason
Advice from Dr. Drew ◆ Dear James, You should make exercise as part of your daily life—you shouldn’t sit at your desk all day. Perhaps there is a gym n 53 where you work—keep some sports clothes at work and go there for just 15 minutes during your lunch break when you can. You don’t have to exercise for a1 54 period. Ten minutes every now and then is enough.
◆ Dear Cherry, Oh dear! I think you should try a different kind of sports. I don’t think you should exercise a 55 . It can help if you do it with other people—what about a sport, such as tennis, or perhaps dancing There are all kinds of dance classes—you’re sure to find one you like.
◆ Dear Jason, You must see a doctor! You must find out how serious the injury is. If not, you should do some g 56 exercise at first. Perhaps some exercise in water or yoga (瑜伽) classes are good choices. Later, you can try strong exercise with the doctor’s guide.
【答案】50．(t)ravel 51．(s)wimming 52．(b)adly 53．(n)ear 54．(l)ong 55．(a)lone 56．(g)entle
【分析】本文主要介绍了James等人在运动方面的咨询问题以及Drew博士给出的建议。
50．句意：而且我不得不经常旅行。根据“I have a very stressful job”和“I once spent 80 hours in a week flying between different cities”并结合首字母t可知，James需要在不同的城市之间出差，工作压力很大，所以此处可填写travel“旅行”，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填(t)ravel。
51．句意：我试过游泳，但只是在游泳池里上上下下太无聊了！根据“going up and down a pool”可知，此处指swim“游泳”，try doing sth.“尝试做某事”，所以设空处填写动名词形式。故填(s)wimming。
52．句意：我的脚踝伤得很重！根据“...I fell and hurt my ankle. I think it doesn’t matter, but it’s quite a serious one.”及首字母b可知，Jason脚踝受伤很严重。badly“严重地”，副词修饰动词hurt。故填(b)adly。
53．句意：也许你工作的地方附近有一个健身房——在工作时穿上一些运动服，尽可能在午休时间去那里15分钟。根据“keep some sports clothes at work and go there for just 15 minutes during your lunch break when you can”并结合首字母n可知，此处指健身房离公司很近，near“在……附近”。故填(n)ear。
54．句意：你不必长时间运动。根据“Ten minutes every now and then is enough.”可知，运动时间不必很长。long“长的”，形容词作定语。故填(l)ong。
55．句意：我认为你不应该单独锻炼。根据“It can help if you do it with other people”并结合首字母a可知，Drew博士认为Cherry不适合独自锻炼。alone“独自地；单独地”，副词修饰动词。故填(a)lone。
56．句意：如果没有，你应该先做一些柔和的运动。根据“Perhaps some exercise in water or yoga classes are good choices.”并结合首字母g可知，Drew推荐脚踝受伤的Jason先做一些柔和舒缓的运动。gentle“柔和的；温和的”，形容词作定语。故填(g)entle。
（2024·上海徐汇·二模）
Vegetarianism is increasing in the UK since more and more people are deciding not to eat meat and animal products. About 2,000 people are giving up meat and “going veggie” in Britain every week. Even a “National Vegetarian Week” is o 57 every year to encourage people to try a meat-free lifestyle.
If you visit a British supermarket and you will see a wide v 58 of vegetarian ingredients and prepared meals on the shelves, including sausages and cheese.
Many are unhappy about the p 59 treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production on the environment. Worries about food safety also play a part. Others choose to change their eating habits to improve their general h 60 . According to a study, a meat-free diet could help r 61 the risk of heart disease, as well as becoming overweight.
Another rising trend is in how UK food is produced. They want their food to be organically (有机地) produced. Organic farmers use very f 62 or no chemicals. Organically farmed animals also have more living space and organic food is more nutritious.
Nearly 75% UK families now buy some types of organic food. Some get organic meat, fruit and vegetables from farmers’ markets. The products are sold d 63 to the customers. Others have a box of organic fruit and vegetables coming to their homes every week. Many people buy organic produce in their local supermarket. Although it’s often more expensive, fans of organic food say it tastes much better!
【答案】57．(o)rganized/(o)rganised 58．(v)ariety
59．(p)oor 60．(h)ealth 61．(r)educe 62．(f)ew 63．(d)irectly
【分析】本文介绍了素食主义在英国的发展状况。
57．句意：甚至每年都会组织“全国素食周”，鼓励人们尝试不吃肉的生活方式。根据“Even a ‘National Vegetarian Week’ is ... every year to encourage people to try a meat-free lifestyle.”及首字母可知，“全国素食周”是被组织的一个活动，organize/organise“组织”，动词，此处用过去分词，与is构成被动语态。故填(o)rganized/(o)rganised。
58．句意：如果你去英国的一家超市，你会在货架上看到各种各样的素食食材和熟食，包括香肠和奶酪。根据“a wide ... of”及首字母可知，此处是固定短语a wide variety of“各种各样的”。故填(v)ariety。
59．句意：许多人对虐待动物以及肉类和鱼类生产对环境的影响感到不满。根据“Many are unhappy”可推知，对待动物很差，这引起了许多人的不满；结合首字母提示，应填poor“差的”。故填(p)oor。
60．句意：其他人选择改变他们的饮食习惯来改善他们的整体健康状况。根据下文“the risk of heart disease, as well as becoming overweight”可知，其他人改变饮食习惯是想改善健康状况；health“健康”，符合语境。故填(h)ealth。
61．句意：根据一项研究，无肉饮食可以帮助降低患心脏病的风险，以及变得超重。根据“a meat-free diet could help ... the risk of heart disease, as well as becoming overweight.”及首字母可知，不吃肉有助于减少患心脏病的风险；reduce“减少，降低”，help do sth.“帮助做某事”。故填(r)educe。
62．句意：种植有机作物的农民很少或根本不用化学药品。根据“no chemicals”可知，种植有机作物的农民用很少的化学品；结合首字母提示，修饰名词复数应用few“很少”。故填(f)ew。
63．句意：产品直接销售给顾客。根据“Some get organic meat, fruit and vegetables from farmers’ markets.”可知，去农民的农场上买有机肉、水果和蔬菜，说明农产品是直接卖给顾客的；directly“直接地”，副词修饰动词。故填(d)irectly。
（2024·上海闵行·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词， 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
My voice matters
Scientists have found that putting our feelings into words makes us feel less sad or angry. Sharing our thoughts can r 64 our worries and help us feel happy.
H 65 , it isn’t always an easy thing to find the words to explain how we feel. This is why young people’s mental health (心理健康) charity Place2Be has made “My Voice Matters” the theme of this year’s Children’s Mental Health Week (5-11 February).
What does “making my voice heard” mean
Do you have trouble sharing your thoughts or worry no one will listen to you Making your voice heard means understanding that your words matter and your o 66 are valued. Dr. Gray is a psychologist (心理学家) at Place2Be. She says it means “Sharing your views, thoughts and feelings and being open to hearing the thoughts, feelings and views of others too.” Making yourself heard isn’t about shouting the loudest; In fact, you don’t have to use your voice at all. “You can express what you like, don’t like or what you want by writing or d 67 instead”, says Dr. Gray. “It’s about finding ways to share what matters to you,” she explains.
Why is “My Voice Matters” i 68
Sharing your feelings with a person you trust will help you understand yourself better. Scientists have discovered that sharing your feelings causes a chemical in your brain that makes you feel relaxed. Meanwhile, your voice can make a big difference to others, too. Dr. Gray says, “You can show your feelings d 69 by speaking face-to-face. With a few kind words, you could help others feel good about themselves or let them know they are supported.”
How can you find your voice
Dr. Gray suggests talking with friends or parents on the way home from school. “If it’s difficult for you to express yourself, find a way that is r 70 for you, whether it’s talking face-to-face or writing it down. When you’re ready, take a deep breath and believe in yourself,”says Dr. Gray.
【答案】64．(r)educe 65．(H)onestly 66．(o)pinions 67．(d)rawing 68．(i)mportant 69．(d)irectly 70．(r)ight
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，找到合适的语言来解释自己的感受并不总是那么容易，文章介绍了分享自己的感受意味着什么、它为什么重要以及如何找到适合自己的方式。
64．句意：分享我们的想法可以减少我们的焦虑，帮助我们感到开心。根据后文“help us feel happy”可知，可以帮助减少焦虑，reduce减少，can后接动词原形。故填(r)educe。
65．句意：说实话，找到合适的语言来表达我们的感觉并不是容易的事情。此处位于句首，应该用副词修饰整个句子，这里是表示强调，honestly老实说，符合语境。故填(H)onestly。
66．句意：让别人听见你的声音，意味着你要明白你的话很重要，你的意见很重要。根据后文“Sharing your views, thoughts and feelings and being open to hearing the thoughts, feelings and views of others too”可知，此处是说你自己的观点很重要，opinion观点，此处用复数形式。故填(o)pinions。
67．句意：你可以用写或者画的方式来表达你喜欢的、你不喜欢的或者你想要的。根据writing可知，此处是说可以通过写和画的方式来表达自己，draw画画，此处用动名词形式drawing。故填(d)rawing。
68．句意：为什么“我的声音重要”是很重要的？根据下文主要在说表达自己声音的重要性，important重要的。故填(i)mportant。
69．句意：你可以通过面对面说话，直接地表达自己的感受。根据“speaking face-to-face”可知，是比较直接的方法，此处用副词修饰动词show，directly直接地。故填(d)irectly。
70．句意：如果你很难表达你自己，找到一种适合你的方法……。根据后文“whether it’s talking face-to-face or writing it down”可知，是需要找到适合自己的方法，right合适的。故填(r)ight。
（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给).
Pompeii (庞贝) is world-famous and attracts millions of tourists every year. However, the site has been in t 71 in recent years.
Relic (遗迹) hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii so they can s 72 items to sell. The w 73 isn’t just about things being stolen. If these tunnels fall down, they could injure people visiting the site.
Human guards at the site have been exploring the tunnels but they are often too n 74 to easily enter. They can also be dangerous as they might fall down at any moment.
This is where Spot, a dog-like robot, steps in. At nighttime, when there are no visitors, Spot will walk around the ancient city looking for hidden tunnels. With a c 75 and light attached (固定), Spot can enter the small tunnels and give a l 76 broadcast of what it can see. With its four stable (稳固的) legs, it is also able to carefully walk across the cobbled streets (鹅卵石路) of Pompeii and e 77 climb stairs.
So who knows, if Spot is successful, there might soon be more futuristic robots wandering around ancient sites.
【答案】71．(t)rouble 72．(s)earch 73．(w)orry 74．(n)arrow 75．(c)amera 76．(l)ive 77．(e)asily
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了举世闻名的庞贝古城近来陷入了困境：一方面，文物猎人一直在庞贝古城下面挖掘隧道寻找文物出售；另一方面，人们担心这些隧道倒塌，可能会伤害到参观该遗址的游客。于是，为了保护古代遗址，机器人Spot登场了，在古城周围走动，寻找隐藏的隧道，进入隧道，进行现场直播。相信不久的未来，会有更多的机器人参与进来。
71．句意：然而，该古城遗址近年来一直陷入困境。结合“Relic hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii”和首字母“t”可知，此处是指该遗址处于困境中，考查in trouble“处于困境中”，介词短语。故填(t)rouble。
72．句意：文物猎人一直在庞贝古城下面挖掘隧道，这样他们就可以寻找物品出售。结合“Relic hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指挖掘隧道寻找文物出售；search“搜寻”，动词；根据空前“can”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(s)earch。
73．句意：担心的不仅仅是东西被偷。结合下文“If these tunnels fall down, they could injure people visiting the site.”和首字母“w”可知，此处是指人们担心的事情；worry“令人担心的事”，可数名词；根据谓语“isn’t”可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填(w)orry。
74．句意：现场的人类警卫一直在探索这些隧道，但它们往往太窄，不容易进入。结合“the tunnels but they are often too … to easily enter”和首字母“n”可知，此处是指隧道窄了，不容易进去；narrow“狭窄的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填(n)arrow。
75．句意：有了摄像头和灯，Spot可以进入小隧道，并对它所看到的进行现场直播。结合“broadcast”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指Spot安装有摄像头；camera“照相机；摄像头”，可数名词；根据空前不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填(c)amera。
76．句意：有了摄像头和灯，Spot可以进入小隧道，并对它所看到的进行现场直播。结合“give a … broadcast”和首字母“l”可知，此处是指现场直播，live“现场直播的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词broadcast。故填(l)ive。
77．句意：有了四条稳定的腿，它还能小心翼翼地穿过庞贝的鹅卵石街道，轻松地爬上楼梯。结合上文“With its four stable legs, it is also able to carefully walk across the cobbled streets”和首字母“e”可知，此处是指Spot可以轻松爬楼梯，应用副词easily“容易地，轻松自如地”修饰动词climb，在句中作状语。故填(e)asily。
（2024·上海青浦·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future, a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 78 . Medicine has advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 79 our impact (影响) on the environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) (人工智能) and space exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 80 . The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step f 81 , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being r 82 . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances to get the resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 83 to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a b 84 tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human
【答案】78．(a)reas/aspects 79．(r)educed 80．(c)hallenges 81．(f)orward 82．(r)esponsible 83．(l)essons 84．(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter
【分析】本文主旨是分享未来人类对于他们所取得进步的认识，以及仍然面临的挑战，特别是贫富差距、气候变化和人工智能带来的问题。同时，强调了负责任的重要性，并鼓励现在的人们做出合理和公平的选择，为构建一个更美好的未来而共同努力。
78．句意：首先，我要告诉大家，我们在很多方面都取得了令人难以置信的进步。根据下文提到的“Medicine has advanced to the point”、“We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources”以及“We have also made big progress in AI”，再结合首字母提示可知，这里说的是在很多方面取得了进步。故填(a)reas/(a)spects。
79．句意：我们学会了使用清洁、可再生能源，大大减少了我们对环境的影响。根据文中的内容“use clean, renewable energy sources”以及空格后的“our impact (影响) on the environment greatly.”可知，因为使用了清洁、可再生资源，所以对环境的影响大大减小了。观察句子结构可知，本句时态是现在完成时，根据首字母提示可知，空格所填词为reduced。故填(r)educed。
80．句意：然而，尽管如此，我们的世界仍然面临许多挑战。根据下文的描述“The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet.”以及“Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes.”可知，面临许多挑战。故填(c)hallenges。
81．句意：虽然我们在人工智能方面的努力被证明是向前迈出的一大步。本题考查短语a big step forward“向前迈了一大步”。故填(f)orward。
82．句意：我们已经认识到负责任的重要性。根据文中的“We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home.”可知，未来人类意识到了责任的重要性。空格处所填词是对来来人类行为的描述，需用形容词。故填(r)esponsible。
83．句意：我希望你能把这些教训牢记在心。本题考查take the lesson to heart“牢记教训”，所填词位于“these”之后，故填复数形式。故填(l)essons。
84．句意：让我们共同努力，建设更加美好的明天。根据“Let us work together to build”和空格后的名词“tomorrow”可知，句子说的是建设美好的明天。这里也暗含和过去相比较，根据首字母提示，空格处可以填bright/brighter/better。故填(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter。

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