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南雄中学2024届高三适应性考试英语学科试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix 2024
From April 19 to 21, the much-anticipated 2024 Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix will come alive with the roar of engines at the Shanghai International Circuit. Details about tickets for the event are as follows.
Ticket Price:
[Grandstand] [Session] [Price (RMB)]
A Platinum 3 Day Ticket 3880
A High 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2880/490/890/2490
A Low 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2280/390/690/1990
H/K 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 1480/290/590/1290
C/F/J/L 3 Day Ticket 480
Ticketing Instructions:
This event adopts electronic tickets with one ticket per person. Children require a full-priced ticket, and children under the age of three are not allowed entry.
For each session of this event, a maximum of 4 tickets per mobile phone number and 1 ticket per ID card number can be purchased. When purchasing tickets, buyers must provide the audience’s real name, a valid personal ID, and a valid mobile phone number. After a successful purchase, ticket purchasers should retain e-ticket seat information appropriately.
Ticket refunds can be requested without fees from the date of purchase until 24: 00 on February 29, 2024. From 00:00 on March 1, 2024, to 24: 00 on April 15, 2024, refunds will invite a 10% handling fee. No refunds will be accepted from 00: 00 on April 16, 2024. Returned within 7 working days.
This event implements real-name verification with ID card and facial recognition for entry.
The schedule and arrangement of the competition may be subject to changes, and please stay tuned to Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix official WeChat and Weibo for the latest information.
1. What should be offered to buy a ticket
A. The audience’s nickname. B. The audience’s e-ticket seat information.
C. The audience’s WeChat number. D. The audience’s available phone number.
2. How much will be returned if a couple return their Sat. Ticket of K on March 15
A. 59 yuan. B. 531 yuan. C. 1, 062 yuan. D. 1, 180 yuan.
3. What can we know about Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix 2024
A. It will last 7 days. B. It will be exciting and noisy.
C. It doesn’t limit the audience’s age. D. It will never be postponed or cancelled.
B
Due to the fact that the average life expectancy in Ghana is 64 years old, and the most common causes of death are largely treatable conditions, such as malaria, stroke, and respiratory infections. Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.
Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021.
A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4, 000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care. To supplement the mobile clinic, Boateng’s organization has also trained 20 volunteers to serve as local health advocates. They check people’s vitals and provide the medical team with timely data for assessing how to move forward with care and treatment, especially for those whose health is at risk.
In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.
4. What inspired Boateng to set his life goal
A. He wanted to get a scholarship.
B. Many locals died of deadly diseases.
C. The birthplace of him was small and poor.
D. Basic health care was inaccessible for locals.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How Boateng’s team functions. B. Why Boateng’s team was founded.
C. What Boateng’s team has achieved. D. Where Boateng’s team has travelled.
6. What is Boateng’s attitude to his team in the future
A. Ambiguous. B. Ambitious. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. A van bringing medical care to thousands
B. A country lacking basic health care
C. Efforts to provide people with medications
D. Mobile vans travelling through Ghana
C
Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking.
For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of “washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules. And a 2015 survey of over 1, 500 American consumers found that nearly 70 percent rinse or wash their poultry before cooking it, though the U. S. Department of Agriculture( USDA) started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the 1990s. Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne illness (食源性疾病), washing meat increases the likelihood of spreading unwanted pathogens (病原体), like salmonella and campylobacter, around the kitchen.
“Washing meat before cooking is not really helping,” says Betty Feng, associate professor of food science at Purdue University. “The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink.” Moreover, Feng cautions against using saltwater, vinegar, or lemon juice, which simply isn’t strong enough to effectively kill foodborne pathogens. “If the acidity is high enough to kill bacteria, then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to wash,” she says.
And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. “I would treat the entire sink just like the outside of the chicken——it’s a biological hazard,” says Benjamin Chapman, one of the study authors and associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and human sciences department. “The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.”
8. What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A To broaden the readers’ horizons. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To state the author’s opinion.
9 What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text
A. Nearly 70 percent of American consumers follow the rules.
B. The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects.
C. Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar.
D. It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness.
10. What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to Betty
A. It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years.
B. It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness.
C. It can not be directly done/with your bare hands.
D. It may do a favor/ to the transfer of pathogens.
11 Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To emphasize that chickens pose a level/of threat to humans’ life.
B. To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing.
C. To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens.
D. To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable.
D
The world’s largest ape Gigantopithecus blacki (G. blacki) vanished from Earth between 295, 000 and 215, 000 years ago, more than 100, 000 years earlier than once thought, pushed to extinction as the environment around it shifted, researchers reported recently in Nature.
The fate of G. blacki, twice the size of the largest modern apes and resembling a super-sized version of its close cousin, the orangutan, has long been a mystery. For about 2 million years, G. blacki inhabited a landscape of forests and grasses in what’s now southern China. It left behind only scattered remnants: thousands of teeth and four jawbones, unearthed in cave sediments in the region.
To establish a chronology for the ape’s extinction, paleoanthropologist Yingqi Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and his colleagues used different dating techniques to determine the ape’s habits, diet and environment. In the teeth, they looked for data on the ape’s diet, measuring isotopes (同位素) of carbon and oxygen as well as examining the teeth for tiny evidence of wear and tear — which can reveal not only diet, but also give hints of repeated behaviors and stress. The team also analyzed the cave sediments bearing the fossils, hunting for fossil pollen and conducting luminescence dating (光释光测年) on radioactive elements within the sediments.
The team’s reconstruction revealed that — around 700, 000 to 600, 000 years ago, southern China shifted from its forested landscape to a more seasonally-driven environment. Some apes, including the orangutans, were able to adapt to these changes. But G. blacki was unable to change rapidly enough, and its numbers slowly dwindled before going extinct, the team suggested.
The assembled evidence told a convincing story that “the extinction of G. blacki coincided in southern China with a decrease of forest cover and expansion of savanna-like environments,” said Hervé Bocherens, a biogeologist at the University of Tuebingen in Germany. Still, he said, documenting the extinction of this species from the fossil record is tricky — and it’s impossible to rule out the possibility that pockets of G. blacki may have lingered in still-undiscovered caves for longer.
12 What can be known about G. blacki according to paragraph 2
A. G. blacki shared certain similarities with the orangutan.
B. G. blacki was twice larger than the largest modern apes.
C. G. blacki lived in places full of basins and deserts.
D. G. blacki might have thousands of teeth.
13. What did Zhang and his workmates do to figure out information related to G. blacki
A. They checked the situation of G. blacki.
B. They repeated the behaviors done by G. blacki.
C. They applied radioactive elements to the analysis of the cave sediments.
D. They measured isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in G. blacki diet.
14. What is the meaning of the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 4
A. Increased. B. Reduced. C. Unchanged. D. Multiplied.
15. What can we learn from Bocherens’s words
A. Many hands make light work.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. Knowledge advances by steps and not by leaps.
D. Experience must be bought.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all experienced the sense of unease that the end of a holiday weekend often brings. ____16____ Monday morning after a holiday weekend represents a psychological shift from freedom and relaxation to pressure and obligations. Our minds and bodies, accustomed to the rhythm of the holiday, resist the sudden change. ____17____
Schedule your Monday morning so that you’ve got some uninterrupted time to concentrate. Researchers found that people lost significant time when they switched from one task to another. ____18____ Give yourself an hour or more of time to concentrate and either accomplish one of your most important tasks or take the time to plan the rest of your week.
Where possible, focus your uninterrupted Monday morning time on a task or activity you genuinely enjoy. ____19____ Giving yourself even a slight amount of positive anticipation can make a difference.
___20___ This could be a workout, meditation, or a walk during lunch. Going from that level of physical activity to sitting at a desk can be mentally taxing, so do something during the day that breaks up the physical boredom.
The Monday after a holiday weekend won’t feel like a party. But with a few simple steps, you can reduce a good bit of the dread that typically accompanies the first day back at work.
A. But there are ways to reduce the anxiety.
B. Include a wellness activity in your Monday routine.
C. The more complicated the tasks, the more time was lost.
D. It could be a creative project, a collaborative meeting, or anything else.
E. Having “a case of the Mondays” is more than just a cultural stereotype.
F. Overloading your Monday with tasks is a guaranteed way to reduce fear.
G. It’s all about mentally preparing yourself, setting goals, and visualizing the week ahead.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Maryland couple stranded (滞留) without food in the freezing cold on a Virginia highway. They were getting ____21____ and more discouraged by the minute.
After almost 21 hours of being ____22____ on 95 South, Casey and her husband John slept there overnight and not ____23____ access to food or water. At that time, they ____24____ a Schmidt Baking Co. truck ahead of them in the standstill. “People around us were very much ____25____. Many of them had small children, some were elderly and hadn’t eaten in almost a whole day. ” In a desperate bid for a ____26____, they decided to call the Schmidt Bakery and see if it could help ____27____ some much-needed food for them, as well as their fellow highway captives.
“I didn’t think it would ____28____ work,” said Casey, who left a message with customer service. But to their ____29____, 20 minutes later, they actually got a ____30____ from Chuck Paterakis, the owner of the bakery. He told them to walk over to the truck driver, Ron, who was given the go-ahead to start handing out ____31____ to 50 motorists. Then, the couple joined the driver in making ____32____. Soon, others joined the effort, in which some 300 loaves were ____33____.
“It felt incredible just hearing people say thank you and hearing them so ____34____ to finally have food in their car. This was one of the ____35____ moments I have ever witnessed.” recalled Casey.
21. A. farther B. hungrier C. poorer D. angrier
22. A. hit B. rescued C. stuck D. fined
23. A. seeking B. having C. limiting D. allowing
24. A. spotted B. rented C. searched D. repaired
25. A. cheering B. begging C. joking D. struggling
26. A. job B. shelter C. gift D. bite
27. A. provide B. prepare C. store D. select
28. A. occasionally B. suddenly C. actually D. routinely
29. A. credit B. amusement C. surprise D. honor
30. A. loan B. call C. request D. visit
31. A. bread B. cash C. flyers D. permits
32. A. bookings B. comments C. schedules D. deliveries
33. A. put away B. given out C. cut up D. hunted for
34 A. honored B. concerned C. generous D. relieved
35. A. hardest B. kindest C. proudest D. longest
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Cold the iron chains spanning over the Dadu River,” Chairman Mao Zedong wrote in a poem, describing the do-or-die battle which took place on the Luding Bridge. The Bridge, ___36___ (measure) 103.67 meters in length and 3 meters in width, is located in Sichuan Province, which was ___37___ (original) built in 1705 during the Qing Dynasty. Near the Luding Bridge considered a historical landmark___38___ (stand) a museum, in front of which there is a bronze statue of the soldiers whose spirit makes the bridge a household name.
Over 80 years ago, the bridge was crucial to the survival of the CPC-led Red Army during the Long March because if the soldiers had failed to dash through the Luding Bridge then, the Red Army might have been wiped out. Upon their ___39___ (arrive), the Red Army found only thirteen heavy iron chains___40___ (leave) across the river. With no time to waste, one by one the Red soldiers ventured forward to risk their lives and of those who offered___41___ (they), thirty were chosen. Though several soldiers fell into ___42___fast-flowing river,the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank .
Probably never before had people seen fighters like these-men for whom soldiering was not just a rice bowl, ___43___a mission. They astonishingly accomplished___44___ seemed like a task impossible and their____45____(courage) spirit will always stick in our mind.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了一场以“强体魄，健身心”为主题的体育文化节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动主题和内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
School Sports and Culture Festival Draws Excitement
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For more than 20 years I have been traveling the world, preferring often to spend a year or two in different countries rather than to just visit as a tourist. It has become an important part of my personality as I grew older and shaped the way I saw the world and myself.
My little taste of this amazing life was when I was 19 years old. I was selected among a small group of college classmates to spend a year abroad. This was long before people could travel the world through social media like Facebook and Twitter. In order to see a place, you had to go there and experienced it.
I was raised in a middle-class family and couldn’t afford to travel around the world the way I wished I could. The only way I knew about the world outside was through letters I wrote to pen pals from over a dozen countries as a kid, and from television. Growing up, I always loved the very funny British comedies that were shown on local public television every Saturday night. So when I got the chance to apply for a study abroad program, I chose London.
Living abroad can be exciting, scary and challenging. I thought it would be easier because I spoke the same language as the local people did. But I also like to relish (享受) the little differences between the British and American culture and language. I also learned that in England, they spell words differently than in the U. S. In British spelling, they put a “u” in words like favor to make it “favour” and an “s” in words like analyze to make it “analyse”. I was able to adapt quickly to this new way of writing since I was submitting papers all the time for my classes.
Academically, I got to take classes that weren’t offered at my college back home. For example, I had a course in sociology and learned about the native people of Papua New Guinea.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: But there were also challenges that year too.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________南雄中学2024届高三适应性考试英语学科试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix 2024
From April 19 to 21 the much-anticipated 2024 Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix will come alive with the roar of engines at the Shanghai International Circuit. Details about tickets for the event are as follows.
Ticket Price:
[Grandstand] [Session] [Price (RMB)]
A Platinum 3 Day Ticket 3880
A High 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2880/490/890/2490
A Low 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 2280/390/690/1990
H/K 3 Day/Fri./Sat./Sun. Ticket 1480/290/590/1290
C/F/J/L 3 Day Ticket 480
Ticketing Instructions:
This event adopts electronic tickets with one ticket per person. Children require a full-priced ticket, and children under the age of three are not allowed entry.
For each session of this event, a maximum of 4 tickets per mobile phone number and 1 ticket per ID card number can be purchased. When purchasing tickets, buyers must provide the audience’s real name, a valid personal ID, and a valid mobile phone number. After a successful purchase, ticket purchasers should retain e-ticket seat information appropriately.
Ticket refunds can be requested without fees from the date of purchase until 24: 00 on February 29, 2024. From 00:00 on March 1, 2024, to 24: 00 on April 15, 2024, refunds will invite a 10% handling fee. No refunds will be accepted from 00: 00 on April 16, 2024. Returned within 7 working days.
This event implements real-name verification with ID card and facial recognition for entry.
The schedule and arrangement of the competition may be subject to changes, and please stay tuned to Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix official WeChat and Weibo for the latest information.
1. What should be offered to buy a ticket
A. The audience’s nickname. B. The audience’s e-ticket seat information.
C. The audience’s WeChat number. D. The audience’s available phone number.
2. How much will be returned if a couple return their Sat. Ticket of K on March 15
A. 59 yuan. B. 531 yuan. C. 1, 062 yuan. D. 1, 180 yuan.
3. What can we know about Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix 2024
A. It will last 7 days. B. It will be exciting and noisy.
C. It doesn’t limit the audience’s age. D. It will never be postponed or cancelled.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了2024 Formula One联想中国大奖赛购票细则。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ticketing Instructions第二点中的“When purchasing tickets, buyers must provide the audience’s real name, a valid personal ID, and a valid mobile phone number.(购票时，购票者必须提供观众的真实姓名、有效的个人身份证件和有效的手机号码)”可知，购票时需提供真实姓名、有效个人身份证、有效手机号码，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据对应票价以及Ticketing Instructions第三点退票退款信息“Ticket refunds can be requested without fees from the date of purchase until 24: 00 on February 29, 2024. From 00:00 on March 1, 2024, to 24: 00 on April 15, 2024, refunds will invite a 10% handling fee.(从购票之日起至2024年2月29日24时止，可免费退票。2024年3月1日0时至2024年4月15日24时，退款将收取10%的手续费)”可知，一对夫妻在3月15日退票共能退得退款：(590-590×10%)×2=1062元，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“From April 19 to 21, the much-anticipated 2024 Formula One Lenovo Chinese Grand Prix will come alive with the roar of engines at the Shanghai International Circuit.(4月19日至21日，万众期待的2024年联想中国大奖赛将在上海国际赛车场轰鸣)”可知，此比赛会很刺激、很吵，故选B。
B
Due to the fact that the average life expectancy in Ghana is 64 years old, and the most common causes of death are largely treatable conditions, such as malaria, stroke, and respiratory infections. Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.
Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021.
A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4, 000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care. To supplement the mobile clinic, Boateng’s organization has also trained 20 volunteers to serve as local health advocates. They check people’s vitals and provide the medical team with timely data for assessing how to move forward with care and treatment, especially for those whose health is at risk.
In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.
4. What inspired Boateng to set his life goal
A. He wanted to get a scholarship.
B. Many locals died of deadly diseases.
C. The birthplace of him was small and poor.
D. Basic health care was inaccessible for locals.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. How Boateng’s team functions. B. Why Boateng’s team was founded.
C. What Boateng’s team has achieved. D. Where Boateng’s team has travelled.
6. What is Boateng’s attitude to his team in the future
A. Ambiguous. B. Ambitious. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. A van bringing medical care to thousands
B. A country lacking basic health care
C. Efforts to provide people with medications
D Mobile vans travelling through Ghana
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Boateng的个人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加纳偏远地区的基本医疗保健服务，并期望将这种模式复制到其他国家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Boateng, growing up in a small village in southern Ghana/struggling to access basic health care, felt an urgent call to help and decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana.( Boateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，他感到迫切需要帮助，并决定把为加纳偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加纳南部的一个小村庄长大，很难获得基本的医疗保健，因此感到迫切需要帮助，所以Boateng决定把为加纳偏远社区提供医疗保健作为自己的一生使命。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段内容“A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide free routine medical care. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications. “It’s like a one-stop shop for people,” said Boateng, adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.(流动诊所和医疗队每周几次长途跋涉前往加纳的偏远社区，提供免费的常规医疗服务。每次旅行，Boateng的团队都由一名护士、一名医师助理、一名医生和一名手术助理组成。在这辆面包车里，他们可以进行血液检查和尿液分析等基本实验室，也可以开处方和提供药物。Boateng说：“这对人们来说就像一站式商店。”他补充说，他们看到的大多数人都有这样或那样的健康问题。)”可知，第三段主要讲述的Boateng团队的运作方式，如行医频率、团队组成和工作细则等。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In the future, Boateng hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. “I believe that our model can be replicated in sub-Saharan Africa,” he said.(未来，Boateng希望扩大规模，不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。“我相信我们的模式可以在撒哈拉以南非洲复制，”他说。)”可知，Boateng希望未来不仅为生活在加纳偏远地区的人们，也为其他国家的人们提供更加稳定和高质量的医疗服务。由此可知，Boateng表达了他对自己团队的期望和愿景，他提到“我们有一个更大的愿景——将这种模式复制到非洲其他国家”。这表明他对团队的未来持有雄心勃勃的态度，希望他们能够在更广泛的范围内取得成功和产生影响。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Boateng worked hard in school, getting a scholarship to study biology at Cornell University in the US, and ultimately earned his master’s in Healthcare Administration. Later he started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van to bring health care directly to those in need in 2021.( Boateng在学校努力学习，获得了美国康奈尔大学生物学专业的奖学金，并最终获得了医疗管理硕士学位。后来，他创办了自己的非营利组织OKB希望基金会，并将一辆面包车改装成移动医生办公室，名为“Hope Health Van”，于2021年直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务。)”以及全文内容可知，文本主要讲述了Boateng通过他的非营利组织以及Hope Health Van来改善加纳偏远社区的医疗保健服务的努力。这辆车直接为有需要的人提供医疗服务，为加纳多个农村社区的超过4000人提供服务。因此，选项A“A van bringing medical care to thousands (一辆为数千人带来医疗服务的车)”准确地概括了文本的主要内容和重点。故选A。
C
Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking.
For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of “washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules. And a 2015 survey of over 1, 500 American consumers found that nearly 70 percent rinse or wash their poultry before cooking it, though the U. S. Department of Agriculture( USDA) started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the 1990s. Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne illness (食源性疾病), washing meat increases the likelihood of spreading unwanted pathogens (病原体), like salmonella and campylobacter, around the kitchen.
“Washing meat before cooking is not really helping,” says Betty Feng, associate professor of food science at Purdue University. “The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink.” Moreover, Feng cautions against using saltwater, vinegar, or lemon juice, which simply isn’t strong enough to effectively kill foodborne pathogens. “If the acidity is high enough to kill bacteria, then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to wash,” she says.
And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. “I would treat the entire sink just like the outside of the chicken——it’s a biological hazard,” says Benjamin Chapman, one of the study authors and associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and human sciences department. “The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.”
8. What is the purpose of paragraph 1
A. To broaden the readers’ horizons. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To state the author’s opinion.
9. What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text
A. Nearly 70 percent of American consumers follow the rules.
B. The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects.
C. Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar.
D. It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness.
10. What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to Betty
A. It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years.
B. It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness.
C. It can not be directly done/with your bare hands.
D. It may do a favor/ to the transfer of pathogens.
11. Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To emphasize that chickens pose a level/of threat to humans’ life.
B. To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing.
C. To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens.
D. To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍民众和专家在“烹调前将生肉洗净”问题上的分歧，以及专家们的研究发现，这种做法是不可取的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Beejhy Barhany, growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel, has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember. Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem, New York, Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions, including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades: washing raw meat before cooking.(Beejhy Barhany在以色列的一个埃塞俄比亚犹太人社区长大，从记事起就一直在为家人做饭。Barhany现在是纽约哈莱姆区Tsion Café咖啡馆的厨师和老板，他继续借鉴烹饪传统，包括近几十年来备受争议的一个传统：烹饪前清洗生肉。)”结合全文可知，本段主要功能是为了引出话题：人们在“烹调前将生肉洗净”这一事上存在较多分歧。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“For Barhany, submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial, as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid-such as lemon juice or vinegar-is a common form of ‘washing’ required by Jewish Kosher rules. (对Barhany来说，将生鸡肉浸泡在盐和柠檬水中既有功能又有仪式意义，因为在盐水和酸(如柠檬汁或醋)中浸泡或冲洗生肉是犹太洁食规则要求的一种常见的“洗涤”方式。)”可知，犹太洁食规则会将生肉浸泡在放有盐、酸(如醋)的水中。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The only thing it does is splashing (飞溅) and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items-your sink, probably your clothes, whatever you have by the sink. (它唯一能做的就是飞溅，并可能交叉污染你的厨房用品——你的水槽，可能是你的衣服，你水槽旁边的任何东西。)”可知，Betty认为烹调前将生肉洗净不但起不了作用，反而还会导致交叉感染。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs. (2022年的一项研究表明，将肉浸入一碗水中可以减少溅起的水，但不能减少细菌的传播。)”以及“The way that we make meat safe is through cooking, not through the removal of pathogens.(我们使肉类安全的方式是通过烹饪，而不是通过去除病原体。)”可知，在本段提到“biological hazard(生物危害)”是为了强调人们遵循的烹调前将生肉洗净的做法是不可取的。故选D项。
D
The world’s largest ape Gigantopithecus blacki (G. blacki) vanished from Earth between 295, 000 and 215, 000 years ago, more than 100, 000 years earlier than once thought, pushed to extinction as the environment around it shifted, researchers reported recently in Nature.
The fate of G. blacki, twice the size of the largest modern apes and resembling a super-sized version of its close cousin, the orangutan, has long been a mystery. For about 2 million years, G. blacki inhabited a landscape of forests and grasses in what’s now southern China. It left behind only scattered remnants: thousands of teeth and four jawbones, unearthed in cave sediments in the region.
To establish a chronology for the ape’s extinction, paleoanthropologist Yingqi Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and his colleagues used different dating techniques to determine the ape’s habits, diet and environment. In the teeth, they looked for data on the ape’s diet, measuring isotopes (同位素) of carbon and oxygen as well as examining the teeth for tiny evidence of wear and tear — which can reveal not only diet, but also give hints of repeated behaviors and stress. The team also analyzed the cave sediments bearing the fossils, hunting for fossil pollen and conducting luminescence dating (光释光测年) on radioactive elements within the sediments.
The team’s reconstruction revealed that — around 700, 000 to 600, 000 years ago, southern China shifted from its forested landscape to a more seasonally-driven environment. Some apes, including the orangutans, were able to adapt to these changes. But G. blacki was unable to change rapidly enough, and its numbers slowly dwindled before going extinct, the team suggested.
The assembled evidence told a convincing story that “the extinction of G. blacki coincided in southern China with a decrease of forest cover and expansion of savanna-like environments,” said Hervé Bocherens, a biogeologist at the University of Tuebingen in Germany. Still, he said, documenting the extinction of this species from the fossil record is tricky — and it’s impossible to rule out the possibility that pockets of G. blacki may have lingered in still-undiscovered caves for longer.
12. What can be known about G. blacki according to paragraph 2
A. G. blacki shared certain similarities with the orangutan.
B. G. blacki was twice larger than the largest modern apes.
C. G. blacki lived in places full of basins and deserts.
D. G. blacki might have thousands of teeth.
13. What did Zhang and his workmates do to figure out information related to G. blacki
A. They checked the situation of G. blacki.
B. They repeated the behaviors done by G. blacki.
C. They applied radioactive elements to the analysis of the cave sediments.
D. They measured isotopes of carbon and hydrogen in G. blacki diet.
14. What is the meaning of the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 4
A. Increased. B. Reduced. C. Unchanged. D. Multiplied.
15. What can we learn from Bocherens’s words
A. Many hands make light work.
B. One good turn deserves another.
C. Knowledge advances by steps and not by leaps.
D. Experience must be bought.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了步氏巨猿远比人们所认为的灭绝得更早。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fate of G. blacki, twice the size of the largest modern apes and resembling a super- sized version of its close cousin, the orangutan, has long been a mystery.(步氏巨猿的体型是最大的现代猿类的两倍，外形酷似其近亲红毛猩猩的超大型版本，它的命运长期以来一直是个谜)”可知，步氏巨猿和红毛猩猩之间有一定相似性，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“To establish a chronology for the ape’s extinction, paleoanthropologist Yingqi Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and his colleagues used different dating techniques to determine the ape’s habits, diet and environment. In the teeth, they looked for data on the ape’s diet, measuring isotopes (同位素) of carbon and oxygen as well as examining the teeth for tiny evidence of wear and tear — which can reveal not only diet, but also give hints of repeated behaviors and stress.(为了确定猿类灭绝的年代，北京中国科学院的古人类学家张颖琦和他的同事们使用了不同的年代测定技术来确定猿类的习惯、饮食和环境。在牙齿中，他们寻找猿类饮食的数据，测量碳和氧的同位素，以及检查牙齿磨损的微小证据——这不仅可以揭示饮食，还可以暗示重复的行为和压力)”可知，为了弄明白步氏巨猿的灭绝时间，张和其团队研究了步氏巨猿的状况，故选A。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前“But G. blacki was unable to change rapidly enough(但是步氏巨猿无法快速改变)”以及划线词后的“before going extinct(在灭绝前)”可知，步氏巨猿无法快速适应变化，其数量应是缓慢减少，最后灭绝，dwindled意为“减少”，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still, he said, documenting the extinction of this species from the fossil record is tricky — and it’s impossible to rule out the possibility that pockets of G. blacki may have lingered in still-undiscovered caves for longer.(不过，他说，从化石记录中证实这个物种的灭绝是很棘手的——而且不可能排除步氏巨猿的小群体可能在尚未被发现的洞穴中逗留了更长时间的可能性)”可知，Bocherens对最新研究成果持保守态度，认为从化石弄明白物种灭绝事件存在较多难度，并且不能排除一些步氏巨猿生活在不为人所知的洞穴中，故能得出认知是循序渐进的，不能一跃而成，故选C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all experienced the sense of unease that the end of a holiday weekend often brings. ____16____ Monday morning after a holiday weekend represents a psychological shift from freedom and relaxation to pressure and obligations. Our minds and bodies, accustomed to the rhythm of the holiday, resist the sudden change. ____17____
Schedule your Monday morning so that you’ve got some uninterrupted time to concentrate. Researchers found that people lost significant time when they switched from one task to another. ____18____ Give yourself an hour or more of time to concentrate and either accomplish one of your most important tasks or take the time to plan the rest of your week.
Where possible, focus your uninterrupted Monday morning time on a task or activity you genuinely enjoy. ____19____ Giving yourself even a slight amount of positive anticipation can make a difference.
___20___ This could be a workout, meditation, or a walk during lunch. Going from that level of physical activity to sitting at a desk can be mentally taxing, so do something during the day that breaks up the physical boredom.
The Monday after a holiday weekend won’t feel like a party. But with a few simple steps, you can reduce a good bit of the dread that typically accompanies the first day back at work.
A. But there are ways to reduce the anxiety.
B. Include a wellness activity in your Monday routine.
C. The more complicated the tasks, the more time was lost.
D. It could be a creative project, a collaborative meeting, or anything else.
E. Having “a case of the Mondays” is more than just a cultural stereotype.
F. Overloading your Monday with tasks is a guaranteed way to reduce fear.
G. It’s all about mentally preparing yourself, setting goals, and visualizing the week ahead.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一系列具体的策略，指导读者如何更好地管理时间，减轻压力，以及提高工作效率和个人幸福感。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’ve all experienced the sense of unease that the end of a holiday weekend often brings. (我们都经历过周末假期结束时的不安。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释“周一综合症”这种现象。故E选项“‘周一综合症’不仅仅是一种文化刻板印象”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Monday morning after a holiday weekend represents a psychological shift from freedom and relaxation to pressure and obligations. Our minds and bodies, accustomed to the rhythm of the holiday, resist the sudden change. (周末假期后的周一早上，代表着一种心理转变，从自由和放松转向压力和义务。我们的思想和身体，习惯了假期的节奏，抵制突然的变化。)”以及后文介绍了缓解“周一综合征”的方法，可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，指出表明尽管存在这种普遍的不安感，但有方法可以减轻它，从而直接回应了前文提出的情况，故A选项“但是有一些方法可以减轻这种焦虑。”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Schedule your Monday morning so that you’ve got some uninterrupted time to concentrate. Researchers found that people lost significant time when they switched from one task to another. (安排好周一早上的时间，这样你就有一些不受干扰的时间来集中精力。研究人员发现，当人们从一项任务切换到另一项任务时，他们会浪费大量时间。)”可知，前文讨论了减少焦虑的方法后，一个自然的延伸是讨论任务管理和时间分配的效率，本句说明复杂任务导致的时间损失问题，直接回应了前文提出的在工作中集中注意力的重要性。故C选项“任务越复杂，浪费的时间就越多。”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Where possible, focus your uninterrupted Monday morning time on a task or activity you genuinely enjoy. (在可能的情况下，把周一早上不受打扰的时间集中在你真正喜欢的任务或活动上。)”可知，前文提到寻找工作中的乐趣可以减轻焦虑之后，接下来的问题是如何具体实现这一点。故D选项“它可以是一个创造性的项目，一个合作会议，或者其他任何东西。”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据后文“This could be a workout, meditation, or a walk during lunch. Going from that level of physical activity to sitting at a desk can be mentally taxing, so do something during the day that breaks up the physical boredom. (这可以是锻炼，冥想，或者在午餐时间散步。从那种水平的体育活动到坐在办公桌前可能会让精神上很费力，所以白天做点什么来打破身体上的无聊。)”可知，本段的主旨是通过添加活动来缓解周一综合征。故B选项“在你周一的日常安排中加入一项健康活动。”符合语境，故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Maryland couple stranded (滞留) without food in the freezing cold on a Virginia highway. They were getting ____21____ and more discouraged by the minute.
After almost 21 hours of being ____22____ on 95 South, Casey and her husband John slept there overnight and not ____23____ access to food or water. At that time, they ____24____ a Schmidt Baking Co. truck ahead of them in the standstill. “People around us were very much ____25____. Many of them had small children, some were elderly and hadn’t eaten in almost a whole day. ” In a desperate bid for a ____26____, they decided to call the Schmidt Bakery and see if it could help ____27____ some much-needed food for them, as well as their fellow highway captives.
“I didn’t think it would ____28____ work,” said Casey, who left a message with customer service. But to their ____29____, 20 minutes later, they actually got a ____30____ from Chuck Paterakis, the owner of the bakery. He told them to walk over to the truck driver, Ron, who was given the go-ahead to start handing out ____31____ to 50 motorists. Then, the couple joined the driver in making ____32____. Soon, others joined the effort, in which some 300 loaves were ____33____.
“It felt incredible just hearing people say thank you and hearing them so ____34____ to finally have food in their car. This was one of the ____35____ moments I have ever witnessed.” recalled Casey.
21. A. farther B. hungrier C. poorer D. angrier
22. A. hit B. rescued C. stuck D. fined
23. A. seeking B. having C. limiting D. allowing
24. A. spotted B. rented C. searched D. repaired
25. A. cheering B. begging C. joking D. struggling
26. A. job B. shelter C. gift D. bite
27. A. provide B. prepare C. store D. select
28. A. occasionally B. suddenly C. actually D. routinely
29. A. credit B. amusement C. surprise D. honor
30. A. loan B. call C. request D. visit
31. A. bread B. cash C. flyers D. permits
32. A. bookings B. comments C. schedules D. deliveries
33. A. put away B. given out C. cut up D. hunted for
34. A. honored B. concerned C. generous D. relieved
35. A. hardest B. kindest C. proudest D. longest
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了卡西和丈夫被困在高速路上，没有吃的，面包店老板恰克·帕特基斯让司机给被困的人们分发面包，有了吃的，人们松了一口气，放下心来，卡西认为这是所见过的最善良的时刻之一。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们越来越饿，越来越气馁。A. farther更远；B. hungrier更饿；C. poorer更穷；D. angrier更愤怒。根据上一句“A Maryland couple stranded （滞留） without food in the freezing cold on a Virginia highway.”可知，因为没有食物，所以他们越来越饿。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡西和她的丈夫约翰被困在95号公路南部将近21个小时后，在那里过夜，没有食物和水。A. hit命中；B. rescued拯救；C. stuck卡住，陷住，动不了；D. fined罚款。根据第一句“A Maryland couple stranded (滞留) without food in the freezing cold on a Virginia highway.”可知，他们被困在高速路上。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡西和她的丈夫约翰被困在95号公路南部将近21个小时后，在那里过夜，没有食物和水。A. seeking寻求；B. having拥有；C. limiting限制；D. allowing允许。固定搭配have access to“具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他们发现前面停着一辆施密特烘焙公司的卡车。A. spotted发现；B. rented租用；C. searched搜索；D. repaired维修。根据下文的“a Schmidt Baking Co. truck ahead of them in the standstill”可知，他们看到了前面停着一辆施密特烘焙公司的卡车。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词/动词词义辨析。句意：我们周围的人都很挣扎。A. cheering令人振奋的；B. begging乞讨；C. joking开玩笑；D. struggling苦苦挣扎的。根据下一句“Many of them had small children, some were elderly and hadn’t eaten in almost a whole day.”可知，周围的人都很挣扎。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：渴望弄口吃的，他们决定打电话给施密特面包店，看看它是否能帮助他们提供一些急需的食物，以及他们被困公路的同伴。A. job工作；B. shelter避难所；C. gift礼物；D. bite小量食物；简单的一餐。根据下文的“they decided to call the Schmidt Bakery”可知，他们给面包店打电话，肯定是想要口吃的。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：渴望弄口吃的，他们决定打电话给施密特面包店，看看它是否能帮助他们提供一些急需的食物，以及他们被困公路的同伴。A. provide提供；B. prepare准备；C. store贮存；D. select选择。根据上文的“they decided to call the Schmidt Bakery”和下文的“some much-needed food for them”可知，他们给面包店打电话，肯定是想让面包店提供食物。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我不认为它真会起作用，”凯西说，她给客户服务留下了信息。A. occasionally偶尔；B. suddenly突然；C. actually实际上；D. routinely常规地。根据上文的“I didn’t think”和下文的“But to their 　　9　　, 20 minutes later, they actually got a 　　10　　from Chuck Paterakis, the owner of the bakery.”可知，实际上，他们认为那不会真的有用。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令他们惊讶的是，20分钟后，他们真的接到了面包店老板恰克·帕特基斯的电话。A. credit信用；B. amusement娱乐；C. surprise惊讶；D. honor荣誉。根据上文的“I didn’t think it would 　　8　　　work”和下文的“20 minutes later, they actually got a 　　10　　from Chuck Paterakis, the owner of the bakery.”可知，他们没想到面包店老板真的会打电话来，所以很吃惊。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令他们惊讶的是，20分钟后，他们真的接到了面包店老板恰克·帕特基斯的电话。A. loan贷款；B. call打电话；C. request请求；D. visit参观。根据下文的“He told them to walk over to the truck driver”可知，面包店老板打电话来了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让他们走到卡车司机罗恩那里，罗恩被允许开始给50名司机分发面包。A. bread面包；B. cash现金；C. flyers传单；D. permits许可证。根据上文的“the owner of the bakery”，面包店老板让司机分发的肯定是面包。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，这对夫妇加入了司机的分发工作。A. bookings预订；B. comments评论；C. schedules时间表；D. deliveries递送。根据上文的“who was given the go-ahead to start handing out”可知，这对夫妇和司机一起分发面包。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，其他人也加入了这项行动，分发了大约300个面包。A. put away收起来；B. given out发放；C. cut up切碎；D. hunted for寻找。根据上文的“hand out”可知，此处是指分发了大约300个面包。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：仅仅是听到人们说谢谢，听到他们终于在车里有了食物而松了一口气，感觉好极了。A. honored荣幸的；B. concerned关注的；C. generous慷慨的；D. relieved松了一口气，放心的。根据下文的“to finally have food in their car”可知，因为有了面包，有吃的了，所以他们松了一口气。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我所见过的最善良的时刻之一。A. hardest最难的；B. kindest最善良的；C. proudest最自豪的；D. longest最长的。根据上一段内容可知，在困境中人们互相帮助，所以这是卡西见过的最善良的时刻之一。故选B项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Cold the iron chains spanning over the Dadu River,” Chairman Mao Zedong wrote in a poem, describing the do-or-die battle which took place on the Luding Bridge. The Bridge, ___36___ (measure) 103.67 meters in length and 3 meters in width, is located in Sichuan Province, which was ___37___ (original) built in 1705 during the Qing Dynasty. Near the Luding Bridge considered a historical landmark___38___ (stand) a museum, in front of which there is a bronze statue of the soldiers whose spirit makes the bridge a household name.
Over 80 years ago, the bridge was crucial to the survival of the CPC-led Red Army during the Long March because if the soldiers had failed to dash through the Luding Bridge then, the Red Army might have been wiped out. Upon their ___39___ (arrive), the Red Army found only thirteen heavy iron chains___40___ (leave) across the river. With no time to waste, one by one the Red soldiers ventured forward to risk their lives and of those who offered___41___ (they), thirty were chosen. Though several soldiers fell into ___42___fast-flowing river,the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank .
Probably never before had people seen fighters like these-men for whom soldiering was not just a rice bowl, ___43___a mission. They astonishingly accomplished___44___ seemed like a task impossible and their____45____(courage) spirit will always stick in our mind.
【答案】36. measuring
37. originally
38. stands 39. arrival
40. left 41. themselves
42. the 43. but
44. what 45. courageous
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泸定桥的历史知识。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这座桥位于四川省，长103.67米，宽3米，始建于清朝1705年。此处measure与bridge构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填measuring。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这座桥位于四川省，长103.67米，宽3米，始建于清朝1705年。此处修饰动词build，应用副词originally“起初”，作状语。故填originally。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在被认为是历史地标的泸定桥附近矗立着一座博物馆，博物馆前有一座士兵的铜像，他们的精神使泸定桥成为家喻户晓的名字。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语为a museum，谓语用三单形式。故填stands。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：当他们到达时，红军发现河对岸只剩下13条沉重的铁链。固定短语upon one’s arrival表示“某人一到”，名词作宾语。故填arrival。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们到达时，红军发现河对岸只剩下13条沉重的铁链。此处leave与chains构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填left。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：没有时间浪费了，红军战士一个接一个地冒着生命危险前进，自告奋勇的人中，有三十人被选中。固定短语offer oneself表示“自告奋勇”，应用反身代词。故填themselves。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：虽然有几个士兵掉进了湍急的河水中，但其他人沿着他们铺设的木板爬行，直到他们最终控制了东岸。此处river为特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：人们可能从来没有见过像这样的战士——对他们来说，当兵不仅仅是一碗饭，而是一项使命。固定句型not…but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他们惊人地完成了看似不可能完成的任务，他们勇敢的精神将永远留在我们的脑海中。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们惊人地完成了看似不可能完成的任务，他们勇敢的精神将永远留在我们的脑海中。此处修饰名词spirit，应用形容词courageous“勇敢的”，作定语。故填courageous。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了一场以“强体魄，健身心”为主题的体育文化节活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动主题和内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
School Sports and Culture Festival Draws Excitement
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】School Sports and Culture Festival Draws Excitement
Last Sunday witnessed a burst of excitement as the annual school sports and culture festival with the theme of “Fostering Physical and Mental Well-being” took center stage.
Students engaged in friendly yet competitive matches in basketball, soccer, and track events. Additionally, cultural presentations including dance, theater, and art exhibitions highlighted students’ creativity.
The festival was met with cheers and applause from enthusiastic supporters, bringing students together in a display of school spirit. This event not only promoted fitness and the arts but also created a joyful atmosphere that resonated with everyone involved.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生写一篇报道，报道上周日学校举办的一场以“强体魄，健身心”为主题的体育文化节活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：theme→subject
此外：additionally→besides
提升：promote→improve
健康：fitness→health
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally, cultural presentations including dance, theater, and art exhibitions highlighted students’ creativity.
拓展句：Additionally, cultural presentations which included dance, theater, and art exhibitions highlighted students’ creativity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The festival was met with cheers and applause from enthusiastic supporters, bringing students together in a display of school spirit. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】This event not only promoted fitness and the arts but also created a joyful atmosphere that resonated with everyone involved. (运用了not only…but also句型以及that引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 （满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For more than 20 years I have been traveling the world, preferring often to spend a year or two in different countries rather than to just visit as a tourist. It has become an important part of my personality as I grew older and shaped the way I saw the world and myself.
My little taste of this amazing life was when I was 19 years old. I was selected among a small group of college classmates to spend a year abroad. This was long before people could travel the world through social media like Facebook and Twitter. In order to see a place, you had to go there and experienced it.
I was raised in a middle-class family and couldn’t afford to travel around the world the way I wished I could. The only way I knew about the world outside was through letters I wrote to pen pals from over a dozen countries as a kid, and from television. Growing up, I always loved the very funny British comedies that were shown on local public television every Saturday night. So when I got the chance to apply for a study abroad program, I chose London.
Living abroad can be exciting, scary and challenging. I thought it would be easier because I spoke the same language as the local people did. But I also like to relish (享受) the little differences between the British and American culture and language. I also learned that in England, they spell words differently than in the U. S. In British spelling, they put a “u” in words like favor to make it “favour” and an “s” in words like analyze to make it “analyse”. I was able to adapt quickly to this new way of writing since I was submitting papers all the time for my classes.
Academically, I got to take classes that weren’t offered at my college back home. For example, I had a course in sociology and learned about the native people of Papua New Guinea.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: But there were also challenges that year too.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But there were also challenges that year too. One of my classes was called “Europe Since 1870”. In the U.S., I would have expected an introductory history class, but in England, I was supposed to have already known the history. Now was the time to analyze it. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. Despite this, I don’t regret anything about my time in London. Even through painful experiences, I learn to grow.
Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. But luckily, I met some classmates from all over the world, and these wonderful interactions with people watered down my negative feelings. I met dozens of interesting people from places like France, Greece and Germany, Palestine, and Australia. Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun. Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent.
【解析】
【导语】本文以作者对在世界各地旅游的感受为线索展开，讲述了作者在19岁被学校选中去国外度过一年开始，对国外的生活有了一些体会，作者认为在国外生活是令人兴奋的，可怕的又具有挑战性，从语言和英美文化的差异到学习课程的不同，作者从多个角度讲述了自己在国外生活的体会和感受。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但那一年也有挑战。”可知，第一段可描写作者遇到了什么样的挑战，与上文内容衔接，应讲述与课程相关的挑战。
②由第二段首句内容“有时困难时期使我悲伤和想家。”可知，第二段可描写作者是如何从悲伤和想家中走出来的。
2.续写线索：课程挑战——感受如何——困难时期悲伤——化解悲伤的方式——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行类
①解释：explaining/clarify/make it clear
②冲淡：watered down/weaken
③交流/互动：interacting with/communicate with
情绪类
①痛苦的：painful/miserable/bitter
【点睛】[高分句型1]. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. （运用了not only…but also…连接并列句、why引导的宾语从句作explaining的宾语以及as引导的方式状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun. （运用了动名词短语作主语以及“疑问词+to do”结构作learning的宾语）
[高分句型3]. Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent.（运用了动名词短语作主语以及省略关系代词的定语从句）

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