资源简介 非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下:1. 不定式①基本形式:to do(表示主动,并且一般表示将来)②被动式:to be done(表示被动,并且一般表示将来)③进行式:to be doing (表示主动和进行)④完成时:to have done(表示主动和完成)⑤完成被动式:to have been done(表示被动和完成)⑥完成进行式:to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时,她假装正在读书。The thief is said to have escaped. 据说小偷已经逃跑了。The thief is said to have been arrested. 据说小偷已经被抓住了。She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里,她一直在这家工厂工作。2. 动名词①基本形式:doing (表示主动)②被动式:being done(表示被动)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来,普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans. Freddy和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。3. 现在分词①基本形式:doing (表示主动和进行)②被动式:being done(表示被动和进行)③完成式:having done(表示主动和完成)④完成被动式:having been done(表示被动和完成)He sat there,reading a newspaper. 他坐在那里,读着一张报纸。The area being studied may be rich in coal. 这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。Having finished my homework,I began to watch TV. 完成作业后,我开始看电视。Having been told many times,she still can t remember it.已经被告诉了很多次,她仍然记不住。4. 过去分词:done及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。polluted river 被污染的河流;fallen leaves 落叶注意:非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作来说的:和谓语动作同时发生表示进行;发生在谓语动作之后表示将来;发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。非谓语动词的语法非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。1. 不定式:做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。To learn a foreign language is difficult .(作主语)学会一门外语是很难的。It’s easy to see their aunt.(作真正主语,it做形式主语)很容易见到他们的姑姑。Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.(作宾语)汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。His wish is to be a driver.(作表语)他的愿望是当一名司机。I have nothing to say.(作定语)我没有什么可说的。The teacher told us to do morning exercises . (作宾语补足语)老师让我们做早操。They went to see their aunt. (目的状语)他们去见他们的姑姑。2. 动名词:做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。Learning English is very difficult .(作主语)学英语非常困难。I enjoy dancing.(作动词宾语)我喜欢跳舞。I have got used to living in the country.(作介词宾语)我已经习惯了住农村。His job is driving a bus.(作表语)他的工作是开车。3. 现在分词:做表语、定语、状语和补语The story is interesting.这个故事有趣。He sat there,reading a newspaper.(作状语)他坐在那里,读着一张报纸。The area being studied may be rich in coal.(作定语)这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.(作宾补)他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。4. 过去分词:做表语、定语、状语和补语He is interested in the news.(作表语)他对这则消息很感兴趣。polluted river(做定语) 被污染的河流Given more time,I can do my work better.(做状语)如果再被多给些时间,我会把工作做得更好。I found my watch stolen.(做宾补)我发现我的手表被偷了。非谓语动词重难点1. 须用省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)两听(hear、listen to)三使(make、let、have)一感觉(feel)根据谐音记忆法,我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday. 昨天,我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。注意:以上11个动词,也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补,但在时间和语态上会有变化,我们以see为例来区分一下。see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事see sb./sth. done 看到某人/某物被......I see him make the phone call. 我看到他打了电话。(他打电话的整个动作我都看见了)I see him making a phone call. 我看到他正在打电话。(强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.)We often see him surrounded by much work. 我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.2. 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse3. 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit4. 既可接不定式也可接动名词,但含义完全不同的8个动词remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做)remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做)forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(未做)regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)try to do sth. 努力做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事mean to do sth. 计划做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情5. 所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。非谓语动词解题步骤1. 判断非谓语动作的逻辑主语,以此来确定它表示主动含义还是被动含义。①非谓动词做定语时,其逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词。②非谓语动作做状语时,其逻辑主语是句子主语。③非谓语动作做宾补时,其逻辑主语是它前面的宾语。2. 判断非谓语动作与谓语动作的先后关系。和谓语动作同时发生表示进行,应用以上提到的进行式(to be doing和doing);发生在谓语动作之后表示将来,应用(to do和to be done);发生在谓语动作之前表示完成,应用(to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done、having been done和done)。例如下面几题:(1)An exercise method to improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States.A. designing B. designed C. to be designed D. being designed【答案与解析】B “设计”在这里是定语,修饰其前的“an exercise method”,所以其逻辑主语应该是它的被修饰词“an exercise method”,所以表被动。因为“设计”这个动词在这里本身已经完成,所以应用表示被动完成含义的designed。(2)Open your heart, and you’ll make yourself better ______.A. known B. knowing C. to know D. know【答案与解析】A “知道,了解”在这里做宾补,所以其逻辑主语是其前的宾语yourself,yourself和“知道,了解”在这里是被动关系,所以选择过去分词known。专项练习1. (encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.2. (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.3. He had a wonderful childhood, (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.4. (look) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.5. The lady walked around the shops, (keep) an eye out for bargains.6. I have a lot of readings (complete) before the end of this term.7. It rained heavily in the south, (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.8. A great number of students (question) said they were forced to practise the piano.9. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps (borrow) from the library.10. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank (buy) presents for my dad.11. (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.12. With the government’s aid, those (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.13. (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.14. The news shocked the public, (lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school.15. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, ( send) supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.16. (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.17. (remind) not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.18. (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars.19. The children all turned (look) at the famous actress as she entered the classroom.20. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, (kill) all four people on board.21. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one.22. — Did the book give the information you needed — Yes. But (find) it,I had to read the entire book.23. (throw) their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.24. We finished the run in less than half the time (allow).25. The trees (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.26. (complete) the project as planned,we’ll have to work two more hours a day.27.I’m tired out.I stayed up the whole night, (study) for my midterm math exam.28. (raise) people’s living standards, the central government will take more measures in the coming years.29. He told me to start early, (remind) me that the roads would be crowded.30. (import) from other countries, sand painting is now being recognized in China for its uniqueness and creativity.31. (live) in the country, we h 图片ad few social activities.32. She seems to prefer (watch) American TV Shows to talking to me.33. (control) her emotion, she buried her face in her hands.34. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star.35. (lower) the housing price, several measures have been adopted in the last two years.36. Programmes, (design) to bring the old and the young together, are growing in popularity all over the world.37. (gain) valuable experience, he asked to be sent to remote areas.38. The seats (reserve) for children and seniors are right at the front of the buses.39.Many things such as going abroad and owning a car, (consider) impossible in图片 the past, are now very common.40. After a long absence, I went back to college, (hope) to pick up where I’d left off.41. Was it (hold) the international conference that made the city the focus of this area 42. I’m sorry I was late. (make) up for it, let me treat you to a meal.43. (save) power, turn off the hot water after you are done showering.44. A person, when (challenge), can often do what is normally beyond his ability.45. (offer) a better position at IBM, he became more and more confident of his ability.46. Today, people are paying more and more attention to their health, (make) books on keeping healthy extremely hot.47. More than a quarter of the energy (use) in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.48. The reporter apologized for any misunderstandings (cause) by his article on that film star.49. Some seemingly harmless blogs might become harmful when (read) on the Internet by millions of people.50. Not (impress) with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.参考答案1. Encouraged2. Approaching 3.Traveling4. Looking5. keeping6. to complete7. causing8. questioned 9. borrowed10. to buy11. Seen 12. affected 13. To complete 14. leading15. sending16. Bitten 17. Reminded 18. Given 19. to look20. killing 21. compared22. to find23. Throwing 25. blown26. To complete 27. studying28. To raise29. reminding30. Imported 31. Living32. watching 33. To control34. caused35. To lower36. designed 37. To gain 38. reserved 39. considered 40. hoping41. holding42. To make 43. To save44. challenged 45. Offered46. making47. used48. caused 49. read 50. impressed1. Ruth hesitated, uncertain of how to combine honesty and diplomacy in her answer. 露丝犹豫了,她不知道怎样回答才能既诚实又婉转。(be uncertain of ...不确定;不知道;combine...and/with...把...与...结合起来; 既...又...; diplomacy外交手腕 d pl m si)2. a dazzling array of flowers 一大片绚丽多彩的鲜花(dazzling 光彩夺目的;灿烂的 d zli He gave Alberg a dazzling smile.他冲着阿尔伯格粲然一笑)3. There was a vast array of colours to choose from. 有各种各样的颜色可供选择。(a vast array of...大量的 re )4. Susan flushed deeply and looked away. 苏珊脸涨得通红,目光转向别处。(sb flush deeply脸涨得通红fl ; look away看别处)5. He flushed angrily. 他气得满脸通红(flush angrily气得满脸通红)6. She felt a sudden flush of anger. 她突然感到一阵愤怒。(a flush of anger/embarrassment/ excitement相当于 a sudden feeling of ...一阵愤怒、尴尬、兴奋等)7. I was overcome by an urge to cry.我控制不住想大哭一场。(if someone is overwhelmed by an emotion, they feel it so strongly that they cannot think clearly 感情上使人感到不能自持,使不知所措)8. Harriet was overwhelmed by a feeling of homesickness. 哈丽雅特心中充满思乡之情,不能自已。 9. The children were overwhelmed with excitement. 孩子们激动万分。10. Grief overwhelmed me. 我悲痛不已。11. You're not serious, are you Ellen's jaw dropped. 你不是认真的,对吧 埃伦惊讶地张大了嘴。(sb's jaw dropped某人因惊讶或震惊张口结舌d :)12. He sneaked a look at her. 他偷偷地看了她一眼。(sneak a look /glance /peek at ...偷看一眼。I took a quick peek inside.我匆匆向里面偷看了一眼。)13. Seeing her so upset really tore him apart. 看到她那么伤心,他感到很难受。(tear sb apart: to make someone feel extremely unhappy or upset 使心里不快;使极其难受)14. She was torn between her love of dancing and her fear of performing in public. 她内心充满矛盾,既热爱舞蹈又害怕公开表演。 (if you are torn, you are unable to decide what to do because you have different feelings or different things that you want 左右为难,难以取舍;被折磨) 15. Jess was torn by anger and worry. 杰斯的内心被愤怒和忧虑撕扯着。 16. I shall never forget the generosity shown by local people. 我永远也不会忘记当地人的慷慨大方。(acts of generosity 慷慨之举; an act of great generosity 十分慷慨的行为; his generosity to the poor 他对穷人的慷慨)17. It's been a hard few months, but we're finally beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel. 这几个月很艰难,但是我们终于见到曙光了。(light at the end of the tunnel 黑暗尽头的光明,指经历长期磨难后终于看到希望)18. At last doctors have seen the light! 医生们终于明白过来了! (see the light: to suddenly understand something 忽然理解,顿悟)19. A brick crashed through the window. 一块砖哗啦一声击穿了窗户。(to hit something or someone extremely hard while moving, in a way that causes a lot of damage or makes a lot of noise 很响地猛撞,猛击)20. The plates went crashing to the ground. 盘子哗啦一声摔落到地上。21. A large branch came crashing down. 一根大树枝啪啦一声掉落下来。22. Thunder crashed and boomed outside. 外面雷声大作。(to make a sudden loud noise 发出巨响)23. I felt tears well up in my eyes. 我感到泪水夺眶而出。(well/ well up 涌溢,开始流淌; Tears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently: Thank you, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands. 喜悦的泪水溢出了她的眼睛, 她默默地祈祷着:谢谢您,上帝,你的爱已通过人类的心灵和双手传播了。24. Anger welled up within him. 他怒火中烧。(if a feeling wells or wells up in you, you start to feel it strongly 情绪变得强烈)25. Once the deadline passed, everyone breathed a sigh of relief. 最后期限一过,大家都松了一口气。(breathe a sigh of relief 轻松地舒口气,松一口气)26. She bowed her head and prayed. 她低头祈祷。(bow one's head 尤其是因为尴尬或难过或相信上帝而低头)27. Phil stood; his head bowed in shame. 菲尔站在那里,羞愧地低着头。(in shame 羞愧地) 28. Dead leaves fluttered slowly to the ground. 枯叶缓缓飘落到地上。 (flutter 飘动,挥动,颤动 fl t Her eyelids fluttered but did not open. 她的眼皮动了一下,但没有睁开眼。)29. The flag fluttered in the light breeze. 旗帜在微风中飘动。 30. I didn't mean to hurt your feelings. 我不是故意要伤害你的感情。 31. What hurts is that he never even said goodbye. 令人伤心的是,他甚至没有和我道别。(What hurts is that 从句,使人伤心的是...)32. It hurt me to think that you hated me. 想到你恨我,我就感到伤心。(it hurts (sb) to do sth...使人伤心)33. Her voice was shaking as she announced the news. 她宣布这条消息的时候声音都在颤抖。(sb's voice shakes某人因担心﹑愤怒或害怕而嗓音发颤)34. Reg's voice shook with rage. 雷吉气得声音都发抖了。(shake with rage气得声音都发抖)35. His confidence was badly shaken. 他的自信心受到很大的打击。(shake sb's confidence /beliefs 动摇某人的信心/信仰等)36. When asked if he wanted anything else, he just shook his head. 问他是否要点别的,他只是摇了摇头。 37. Mark shook his head in disbelief. 马克不相信地摇摇头。(in disbelief不相信地)38. He warmly shook hands with me. 他热情地和我握手。39. The little boy's hand was shaking. 这小男孩的手在发抖。 40. I could see my neighbor shaking with laughter. 我看到邻居笑得浑身直抖。(shake with fear /laughter /anger...因...发抖)41. She shook him to wake him up. 她摇摇他,想把他叫醒。 42. Shake the bottle before you open it. 打开瓶子之前先摇一摇。 43. The whole house started to shake. 整幢房子摇晃起来。44. His heart sank the way it always did when she left him. 他心情沉重,她离开他时他总是这样。 (your heart sinks 又作 your spirits sink 用于表示失去信心或希望,心情沉重,情绪低落)45. She felt desperately tired, and her spirits sank. 她感到筋疲力尽,情绪低落。 46. Daniel slid out of the room when no one was looking. 丹尼尔趁没人看见,偷偷溜出了房间。 47. She slid into the driver's seat. 她偷偷溜进驾驶座。(slide sth into / out of etc sth偷偷溜进入、溜出...)48. A feeling of isolation swept over me. 忽然有一种孤独的感觉向我袭来。(sweep over sb 某种情感突然袭来)49. His face wore a welcoming smile. 他脸上挂着热情的微笑。 (wear a smile/ frown /grin...面露,面带...表情)50. Jo burst into the room. 乔冲进房间。(burst into sp冲进...)51. The door burst open and Tom ran into the room. 门突然打开,汤姆跑进了房间。(burst open突然打开)52. He started to panic when he saw the gun. 他看见枪就慌了起来。 53. Don't panic! We'll soon get you out of there. 别慌!我们马上就把你从那儿弄出来。54. The children fled in panic. 孩子们惊慌地逃走了。( in (a) panic惊慌地)55. She got into a panic when she couldn't find the tickets. 她找不到票,慌了起来。(get into a panic感到惊慌)56. She could sense her temper rising again. 她感觉到自己的脾气又上来了。(if a feeling or emotion rises, you feel it more and more strongly 感情或情绪变得强烈)57. There was an atmosphere of rising excitement in the school. 学校里的气氛越来越热烈。 58. The doctor sounded optimistic and John's hopes rose. 医生说得很乐观,约翰心中燃起了希望。59. The chairman rose from his chair and came forward to greet her. 董事长从座位上站起身,上前迎接她。 (rise from the table / your chair从...站起身)60. He put down his glass and rose to his feet. 他放下杯子站了起来。(rise to one's feet站起来) 61. If you work hard, you will get your reward. 努力就会有回报。62. The team have worked hard and their efforts have been rewarded with success. 球队很努力,他们的付出收获了成功。(be rewarded with sth: to achieve something through hard work and effort 得到回报;获得奖励)63. Finally, Molly's patience was rewarded. 莫莉的耐心终于有了回报。64. I leaped into the air with joy. 我开心得蹦了起来。(with / for joy开心地;the look of joy on her face 她脸上的喜悦表情)65. She wept for joy. 她喜极而泣。 66. We heard screams coming from the flat. 我们听到公寓里传出尖叫声。 67. She saw the knife and let out a scream. 她看到刀,发出一声尖叫。 (let out a scream of laughter / terror...发出...尖叫声)68. He fell back with a scream of terror and pain. 他发出恐惧而又痛苦的尖叫声,往后倒去。 69. Get out! she screamed. 出去!她高声叫道。 70. The police car approached, its siren screaming. 警车鸣着警笛驶近了。71. Failing an exam was a new experience for me. 考试不及格对我来说还是第一次。72. This romantic evening cruise is a memorable experience. 这趟浪漫的乘船夜游是一次令人难忘的经历。(memorable / unforgettable experience令人难忘的经历)73. Harry dashed off before she had a chance to thank him. 她还没来得及说声谢谢,哈里就匆匆离开了。(dash off: to leave somewhere very quickly 匆匆离开; dash into...冲进...)74. Olive dashed into the room, grabbed her bag, and ran out again. 奥利芙冲进屋,抓起她的手提袋,又跑了出来。75. I glanced around me quickly. There was no one in sight. 我扫视四周,看不到一个人影。76. Shut up, Boris said harshly. 闭嘴。鲍里斯厉声说道。 77. At last, he could relax for a while. 他终于可以放松一下了。78. He examined her thoroughly, talking softly all the while. 他给她作了彻底的检查,同时始终柔声细语地跟她交谈。(all the while始终,一直)79. She continued working, all the while keeping an eye on the clock. 她继续工作,同时一直留神注意着时间。(keep an eye on...注意;留意)80. She hung her head, not sure how to reply. 她垂下头,不知该如何回答。(hang your head to look ashamed and embarrassed 羞愧﹑尴尬地垂下头) 81. Daphne had hung her head in shame. 达夫妮羞愧地低下了头。82. Tears of gratitude filled her eyes. 她眼里充满感激的泪水。 83. She had a deep gratitude towards David, but she did not love him. 她对戴维深怀感激,但是并不爱他。 84. The committee expressed its gratitude for the contribution he had made. 委员会对他所作的贡献表示感激。 85. Will you let me take you out to dinner tomorrow in gratitude for what you've done 为了感谢你所做的一切,我明天请你吃晚饭好吗?(in gratitude for sth为了感谢...)86. She accepted his offer with gratitude. 她满怀接受了他的帮助。(with gratitude感激地)87. When she saw his face, she was seized by fear. 她一看到他的脸,就感到无比恐惧。(be seized with/ by terror/ desire...: to suddenly be affected by an extremely strong feeling 充满了恐惧/欲望等)88. I owe my parents a lot, he admitted.我非常感激我的父母。他承认道。(owe sb a lot / owe sb a great deal非常感激...) 89. He chased the thief, tripped him up, and grabbed the camera. 他追上盗贼,把他绊倒后夺回了相机。(trip sb up绊倒)90. He tripped and fell. 他绊了一下,摔倒了。1动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱,爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗 [3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢,对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分)These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”,“像……”,是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目,像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,随便一点。8. stay up 不睡;熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚,不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起;发生;产生[1] How did the accident come about 这场事故是怎么发生的?[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如:①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个,他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天,我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如:①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好,只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中,except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是:He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外,在介词短语之前只能用except,不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终;以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了,而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进;引来;吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away(from) 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。15. watch out (for)注意;留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心!汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面; 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和,还He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb’s place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧;着火;起火”,有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假,在休假中When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] (飞机)起飞The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车,匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询(如宾语为代词,则代词放中间)Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组:look for 寻找;look after照顾,照料;look forward to期待;look into调查;look on旁观;look out注意;look out for注意,留心,提防;look over翻阅,查看,检查;look around环视;look through翻阅,查看。28. run after 追逐,追求If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子,你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好;think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 对……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉, 没用I haven’t changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at (由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地)[1] 凝视,盯着看Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌。[2] glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管;接替;继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。35. break down[1] 破坏;拆散①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。②The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。[2](机器)损坏①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败;破裂Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃;失去控制He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one’s feet[1] 站起来;站起来发言[2] (=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立[3] (人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)37. go through[1] 经历;经受;遭到These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成;做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过;批准①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查;搜查They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管;接替;继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。2常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He’s tired, and so am I. (=I’ m also tired.)[2] You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)[3] Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)A:You seem to like sports.B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)A:It will be fine tomorrow.B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.)语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了,好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English 你理解英语口语有困难吗?[1] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.3长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。[1] fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词aYou’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服,看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。4常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。(一般过去时改成过去完成时)I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.(过去完成时保留原有的时态)He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”→He said they hadn’t finished their homework.注意:直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:He said, “Can you run, Mike ”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如:“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday 下星期五你们打算干什么?② The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等,谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.前 缀1 a- 加在单词或词根前面, 表示 不,无,非2 a- 加在单词前, 表示 在..., ...的3 ab-, abs- 加在词根前,表示 相反,变坏,离去 等4 ab-, ac-, ad-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- 等加在同辅音字母词根前,表示 一再 等加强意5 ad- 加在单词或词根前, 表示 做....., 加强......6 amphi- 表示 两个、两种7 an- 在词根前, 表示 不,无8 ana- 表示 错误,在旁边,分开9 ante- 表示 前面,先10 anti- 表示 反对,相反11 apo- 表示 离开,远离12 auto- 表示 自动、自已13 be- 构成动词,表示 使......成为14 be- 构成一些介词15 bene- 表示 善, 好16 bi- 表示 二个, 两17 by- 表示 在旁边,副的18 cata- 表示 向下,相反,离开19 circum- 表示 环绕,周围20 co- 表示 共同 ,通常放元音词根前21 col-, cor- 在同辅音词根前, 表示 共同22 com-, con- 表示 共同23 contra - 表示 反对,相反24 counter - 表示 反对,相反25 de- 表示 去掉,变坏,离开,变慢,向下 等26 de- 表示 使....成为, 加强 等27 deca- 表示 十28 deci- 表示 十分之一29 demi- 表示 半30 di- 表示 二个,双31 di- 表示 使...变成,分开,离开32 dia- 表示 穿过,二者之间33 dif- 和辅音重复表示 不,否定,分开34 dis- 表示 不,消失掉35 dis- 表示 分开,分离36 dys- 表示 坏,不良37 e-, ef- 表示 出,出来,38 em-, en-, 表示 进入... 之中,包围39 em-,en-, 表示 使..... 进入状态40 endo- 表示 内部41 epi- 表示 在...上,在...周围,在...后面42 eu- 表示 好,优秀43 ex- 表示 出,出去44 ex- 表示 前面的,前任的45 exo- 表示 外部的,外面46 extra- 表示 以外的,超过的47 fore- 表示 前面,预先48 hecto- 表示 百,许多49 hemi- 表示 半50 hepta- 表示 七51 hetero- 表示 异类,异种52 hexa- 表示 六53 holo- 表示 全部'54 homo- 表示 同类的55 hyper- 表示 超过,太多56 hypo- 表示 下面,次等57 il-, ir- 辅音重复表示 不,无58 il-,ir- 表示 使.....成为,进入59 im-, in- 表示 不,无,非60 im-,in- 表示 向内,进入61 inter- 表示 在..... 之间,相互62 intra- 表示 在内,内部63 intro- 表示 向内,入内64 iso- 表示 等, 同65 kilo- 表示 一千66 macro- 表示 宏传, 大67 mal-; male 表示 坏,恶68 meta- 表示 超过, 改变69 micro- 表示 微,小70 milli- 表示 千,千分之一71 mini- 表示 小72 mis- 表示 错误,坏73 mono- 表示 单个,一个74 multi- 表示 多,很多75 neo- 表示 新的76 non- 表示 不,非77 ob- 表示 逆,倒,加强意义78 octa- 表示 八 ; 亦作octo79 omni- 表示 全部,到处80 out- 示 超过,过度81 out- 表示 出去,过时82 over- 表示 过度,过份83 over- 表示 翻转84 over- 表示 在... 之上85 paleo- 表示 古,旧86 pan- 表示 广泛的87 para- 表示 半,类似,辅助88 para- 表示 旁边89 para- 表示 降落伞90 pen- 表示 近似,差不多91 penta- 表示 五92 per- 表示 贯穿,自始至终93 per- 表示 假,坏94 peri- 表示 周围,靠近95 poly- 表示 多96 post- 表示 在后面97 post- 表示 邮件,邮政98 pre- 表示 ...前的,预先99 pro- 表示 赞同,亲...100 pro- 表示 向前,在前101 pro- 表示 很多...102 proto- 表示 原始...103 pseudo- 表示 假,伪104 quadri-,quadru- 表示 四105 quasi- 表示 类似,准106 re- 表示 向后,相反107 re- 表示 一再,重新108 retro- 表示 向后,倒退109 se- 表示 分开,离开,区别开110 semi- 表示 半111 sept-,septi- 表示 七112 sex-, sexi- 表示 六113 step- 表示 后,继或前夫(妻)所生114 stereo- 表示 立体115 sub- 表示 在下面,次一等,副手116 sub- 表示 接近,靠近117 suc-, suf-, sup-, sur- 等辅音重复表示 在...下面118 super- 表示 在...上面119 super- 表示 超级,超过,过度120 supra- 表示 超...121 sur- 辅音不重复表示 超过,在上面122 sus- 表示 在... 下面123 sym-, syn- 表示 共同,相同124 tetra- 表示 四125 trans- 表示 横过,越过126 trans- 表示 变换,改变';转移127 tri- 表示 三128 twi- 表示 二、两129 ultra- 表示 极端130 ultra- 表示 超出,超过131 un- 表示 不,无,非,没有132 un- 表示 打开,解开,弄出133 under- 表示 在...下,在...之内134 under- 表示 不足,不够135 under- 表示 副手 3136 uni- 表示 一个、单一137 vice- 表示 副138 with- 表示 向后,相反后 缀139 -ability 表名词, 能...;性质140 -able 表形容词, 可...的,能...141 -ably 表副词, 能...地142 -aceous 表形容词, 具有...特征的143 -acious 表形容词, 有特征的,多...的144 -acity 表名词, 有...倾向145 -acle 表名词, ... 物品,状态146 -acy 表名词, ...性质,状态147 -ad 表名词, ...东西,状态148 -ade 表名词, 表示 状态,物品149 -ade 表示 个人或集体150 -age 表示:费用151 -age 表示 场所,物品152 -age 名词后缀,表示 状态,总称153 -ain 表名词, ...人154 -air 表名词, 人、物155 -aire 表名词, ...人156 -al 表形容词, ...的157 -al 表名词, 人,物,状态158 -ality 表名词, 状态,性质159 -ally 表副词,由al+ly 构成, ...地160 -an 表名词和形容词, ...地方,...人161 -ance 表名词, 性质,状况162 -aneity 表名词,表示 性质,状态163 -aneous 表形容词, ...有; ...特征的164 -ant 表形容词, ...的165 -ant 表名词, ...人166 -ant 表名词, ...剂167 -ar 表形容词, ...的168 -ard 表名词, 不好的人169 -arian, 表形容词或名词, ...的(人)170 -arium 表名词, 地点,场所171 -ary 表名词, 人,场所,物172 -ary 表形容词, ...的173 -ast 表名词, ...人,物174 -aster 表名词, 不怎么样的人175 -ate 表动词, 做,造成176 -ate 表形容词, 具有...的177 -ate 表名词, 人或地位178 -atic 表形容词, 有...性质的179 -ation 表名词, 行为,过程,结果180 -ative 表形容词, 有...倾向(性质)的181 -ator 表名词,通常由ate结尾的动词而来, 做事的人或物182 -atory 表名词 场所,地点183 -atory 表形容词, 有...性质的184 -cy 表名词,也作-acy, 性质,状态185 -dom 表名词, 状态或领域186 -ee 表名词, 被动或主动的人187 -eer 表名词, ... 人员188 -el 表名词, 人或物189 -en 表动词, 变成190 -en 表形容词, 由...制成的 ,通常加在名词后面191 -en 表名词, 人或物192 -ence 表名词, 性质,状态193 -ency 表名词,ence 的变体194 -enne 表名词, 女性195 -ent 表形容词, ...的196 -ent 表名词, ...药剂197 -ent 表名词, ...人198 -eous 表形容词, 有...的199 -er 表动词, 反复做200 -er 表名词, 物品,机器201 -er 表名词, ...人202 -ern 表形容词, ...方向的203 -ern 表名词, ...场所204 -ery 表名词, 场所,地点205 -ery 表名词, 行为,情况206 -esque 表形容词, 如...的207 -ess 表名词, 女性,雌性208 -et 表名词, 小东西209 -etic 表形容词, 属于...的210 -ette 表名词, 小的东西或状态211 -ety 表名词, 状态212 -eur 表名词, ...人213 -faction 表名词, 达到的状态 ,由-fy转化而来214 -fic 表形容词, 产生...的215 -fication 表名词,由fic变化而来216 -fier 表名词, 人或物 ,由-ify转化而来217 -fold 表形容词或副词, 倍,双重218 -form 表形容词, 有...形状的219 -ful 表形容词, 有...的220 -ful 表名词, 满,量221 -fy 表动词, ...化,成为... ,更多时候作 -ify222 -hood 表名词, 时期,性质等223 -ia 表名词, 某种病224 -ia 表名词, 总称,状态225 -ial 表形容词, 有...的226 -ian 表名词, 某种人227 -ian 表形容词, ...国家的228 -ibility 表名词, 具备...性质的229 -ible 形容词 能...的230 -ic 表形容词, ....的 ,有时作-tic231 -ic 表名词, 某种药232 -ic 表名词, 人或学科233 -ical 表形容词, ...的234 -ice 表名词, 行为,状态235 -ics 表名词, 学科,学术236 -id 表形容词, 如...的237 -ie 表名词, 小东西或人238 -ier 表名词, 人或物239 -ile 表形容词, ...的240 -ile 表名词, 物体241 -ine 表形容词, ...的242 -ine 表名词, 人或女人243 -ine 表名词, 状态, 药物等244 -ing 表形容词, 正...的 , 令人...的245 -ing 表名词, 行业246 -ing 表名词, 物品247 -ing 表名词, 状态248 -ion 表名词, 动作或状态 分为 --sion和--tion两种249 -ion 表示 某种物,用品250 -ior 表形容词, 较...的251 -ious 表形容词, ....的252 -ise 表动词后缀,和 -ize 相同,是 -ize 的变体, ...化253 -ise 表名词, 物品,状态254 -ish 表形容词, 象...一样,有的... ,通常放在一具体名词后255 -ish 表动词, 造成...256 -ish 表示国家的或语言257 -ism 表示 学术或学术流派258 -ism 表示 行为, 现象,状态259 -ism 表示 疾病260 -ism 表示 具备某种性质261 -ism 名词,表示 各种主义,宗教262 -ist 表名词, 表示信仰者,专家或从事人263 -ist 以-ist 结尾的单词,不少同时可做名词和形容词用。264 -istic 表形容词,由-ist + ic 构成,表示 ...的265 -it 表名词,通常是抽象名词266 -it 表名词, ...人267 -ite 表形容词, 有...的268 -ite 表名词, 人或物269 -ite 表动词, 促成270 -ition 表名词, 行为过程,状态271 -itious 表形容词,-ition变化而来,表示 ...的272 -itive 表形容词, ...的273 -itor 表名词, 人274 -itude 表名词, 性质,状态等275 -ity 表名词,指具备某种性质6276 -ive 表形容词,根据不同的单词结尾可分-sive, -ative, ive, itive277 -ivity 表名词,由-ive+ity 组成, 有...能力或特性278 -ization 表名词,来自-ize+ation, ...化 或 发展过程279 -ize 构成一些动词280 -kin 表名词, 小...281 -less 表形容词, 无...的,不...的282 -let = -et 表示 小283 -like 表形容词, 像...一样284 -ling 表名词, 小东西或某种人285 -ly 表形容词,通常加在名词后。9286 -ly 表副词,通常放在形容词后287 -ment 表名词, 行为或结果288 -ment 表示具体物289 -most 表形容词, 最...的290 -ness 表名词, 性质, 状态, 通常加在形容词后面291 -o 表名词, 人,物或状态292 -o 表名词,用于音乐术语293 -on 表名词,指人、物和一些物理学上的名词294 -oon 表名词, 人或物295 -or 表名词, 人或物器 ,在一些词根前写成 -ator296 -orium = arium 表名词, 地点,场所297 -ory 表名词,指场所等298 -ory 表形容词, ...的 6299 -ose 表形容词, 多...的300 -osity 表名词,-ose+ity组成,表示 多...的状态301 -ot 表名词, ...人302 -ous 表形容词,通常放在一个完整的单词后,表示 ...的303 -proof 表形容词, 防...的304 -ress 表名词,指 物品 9305 -ress 表名词,指 女性 5306 -ry 表示集合名词307 -ry 表示 场地308 -ry 表示 行业,学科309 -ry 表名词,通常放在一个完整的单词后面表示状态,性质310 -ship 表示某种技能311 -ship 表名词,表示某种关系或状态312 -some 表形容词, 充满...的,具有...倾向的313 -ster 表名词, ...人314 -th 表名词,通常指抽象名词315 -tic 表形容词,通常放在一个名词前, 与...相关的,...的316 -ture -ture在s结尾的词根后变成-sure317 -ture 表名词,通常在单词或词根以t结尾时使用,表示 一般状态, 行为 并作 -ature iture318 -ty 表名词,用在形容词后,把形容词变成名词319 -ular 表形容词, 有...形状或性质的320 -ule 表名词, 小...321 -uous 表形容词, 多...的322 -ward 表形容词+副词, 向...323 -wise 有些单词,wise可以换成ways,意义不变324 -wise 表副词, 方向,状态325 -y 表名词,加在形容词或以r结尾的单词后。326 -y 表名词, 人或小东西 常带有嬉谑性和爱称。327 -y 表形容词,加在名词后变成形容词328 ancy = ance 表示 性质,状况011. learn ... by heart 用心学习,记住2. combine ... with ... 使...与...结合/联合3. in that circumstances 如果那样的话4. replace ... with ... 用...代替...5. keep a record of 记录6. comment on ... 对 ... 发表评论7. at least 至少8. expect of/from... 从...当中期待9. in return 作为回报10. the survey on ... 关于... 的调查11. differ in... 在...方面不同12. emerge from... 从...出现13. be satisfied with... 对...满意14. play ... roles 扮演...的角色15. lean over... 弯下身子 俯身于...之上16. turn out 结果是,证明是17. in silence 在沉默中18. burst into laughter 突然笑出声来19. concentrate on ... 全神贯注于...20. be replaced by 被...所取代21. for the purpose of... 为了...22. distinguish ... from ... 区分...与...municate with... 与...交流24. one another 彼此,相互25. by means of... 用...的方法26. at the approach of... 在...将到的时候27. differ from... 与...不同28. for instance 举例来说29. divide ... into ... 把...划分成...30. enable sb. to do ... 使某人能够做某事31. wave goodbye 挥别32. in sympathy with 同情,赞成33. look over 察看,检查,从...上面看34. a lack of... 缺少...35. check with... 与...协商36. tend to do... 趋向于做...,喜欢做...37. call after 追喊, 以...命名38. call for 要求, 提倡39. fight against 与...作战(敌人之间)40. fight with 与...作战(战友之间)41. agreement on ... 关于... 达成的协议42. add up 合计43. add to 添加到44. take ... for example 以...为例45. in price 在价格上46. in the long run 从长远来看,最后47. on offer 在出售中48. choose from... 从...中挑选49. be curious about... 对...感到好奇50. confront with... 使面临,使面对51. with interest 有兴趣地52. an average of ... 平均是...53. at high altitudes 在很高的地方 54. draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力55. focus on 集中于,专注于56. in years to come 在未来的几年内57. as a matter of fact 实际上58. adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法59. wait for 等待60. pass through 经过, 通过61. a sequence of 一系列的62. take ... for granted 认为...理所当然63. be aware of/that 注意到64. translate into 翻译成65. intend to do 想要做66. looking forward to 期望67. be built from... 用...建造68. a wide variety of 多种多样的69. at advanced levels 在高级范围内70. carry out 完成,实施71. according to 根据72. aim to do 指望做某事73. make sacrifices to do.. 做出牺牲去做某事74. in depth 深入地75. a series of 一系列,一连串76. above all 首先,最重要的是 77. after all 毕竟,究竟78. ahead of 在...之前 79. ahead of time 提前80. all at once 突然,同时 81. all but 几乎;除了...都82. all of a sudden 突然 83. all over 遍及84. all over again 再一次,重新 85. all the time 一直,始终86. all the same 仍然,照样的 87. as regards 关于,至于88. anything but 根本不 ,决不89. as a matter of fact 实际上90. apart from 除...外(还有) 91. as a rule 通常,照例92. as a result(of) 因此,由于 93. as far as ...be concerned 就...而言94. as far as 远至,到...程度 95. as for 至于,关于96. as follows 如下 97. as if 好像,仿怫98. as good as 和...几乎一样 99. as usual 像平常一样,照例100. as to 至于,关于02101. all right 令人满意的;可以102. as well 同样,也,还 103. as well as 除...外(也),即...又104. aside from 除...外(还有) 105. at a loss 茫然,不知所措106. at a time 一次,每次 107. at all 丝毫(不),一点也不108. at all costs 不惜一切代价 109. at all events 不管怎样,无论如何110. at all times 随时,总是 111. at any rate 无论如何,至少112. at best 充其量,至多 113. at first 最初,起先114. at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 115. at hand 在手边,在附近116. at heart 内心里,本质上 117. at home 在家,在国内118. at intervals 不时,每隔... 119. at large 大多数,未被捕获的120. at least 至少 121. at last 终于122. at length 最终,终于 123. at most 至多,不超过124. at no time 从不,决不 125. by accident 偶然126. at one time 曾经,一度;同时 127. at present 目前,现在128. at one's disposal 任...处理 129. at the cost of 以...为代价130. at the mercy of 任凭...摆布 131. at the moment 此刻,目前132. at this rate 照此速度 133. at times 有时,间或 134. back and forth 来回地,反复地135. back of 在...后面 136. before long 不久以后137. beside point 离题的,不相干的 138. beyond question 毫无疑问139. by air 通过航空途径 140. by all means 尽一切办法,务必141. by and by 不久,迟早 142. by chance 偶然,碰巧143. by far 最,...得多 144. by hand 用手,用体力145. by itself 自动地,独自地 146. by means of 用,依靠147. by mistake 错误地148. by no means 决不,并没有149. by oneself 单独地,独自地 150. by reason of 由于151. by the way 顺便说说 152. by virtue of 借助,由于153. by way of 经由,通过...方法 154. due to 由于,因为156. each other 互相 157. even if/though 即使,虽然158. ever so 非常,极其 159. every now and then 时而,偶尔160. every other 每隔一个的 161. except for 除了...外162. face to face 面对面地 163. far from 远非,远离164. for ever 永远 165. for good 永久地166. for the better 好转 167. for the moment 暂时,目前168. for the present 暂时,目前 169. for the sake of 为了170. for the time being 暂时,眼下 171. from time to time 有时,不时地172. hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联 173. head on 迎面地,正面的174. heart and soul 全心全意地 175. how about ... ...怎么样176. in a hurry 匆忙,急于 177. in case of 假如,防备178. in a moment 立刻,一会儿 179. in a sense 从某种意义上说180. in a way 在某种程度上 181. in a word 简言之,总之182. in accordance with 与...一致,按照 183. in addition 另外,加之184. in addition to 除...之外(还) 185. in advance 预先,事先186. in all 总共,合计 187. in any case 无论如何188. in any event 无论如何 189. in brief 简单地说190. in charge of 负责,总管 191. in common 共用的,共有的192. in consequence(of) 因此;由于 193. in debt 欠债,欠情194. in detail 详细地 195. in difficulty 处境困难196. in effect 实际上,事实上 197. in general 一般来说,大体上198. in favor of 支持,赞成 199. in front of 面对,在...前200. in half 成两半 03201. in hand 在进行中,待办理202. in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念 203. in itself 本质上,就其本身而言204. in line with 与...一致 205. in memory of 纪念206. in no case 决不 207. in no time 立即,马上208. in no way 决不 209. in order 按顺序,按次序210. in other words 换句话说 211. in part 部分地212. in particular 特别,尤其 213. in person 亲自,本人214. in place 在合适的位置 215. in place of 代替,取代,交换216. in practice 在实践中,实际上 217. in proportion to 与...成比例218. in public 公开地,当众 219. in quantity 大量220. in question 正在谈论的 221. in regard to 关于,至于222. in relation to 关于,涉及 223. in return 作为报答/回报/交换224. in return for 作为对...的报答 225. in short 简言之,总之226. in sight 被见到;在望 227. in spite of 尽管228. in step 齐步,合拍 229. in step with 与...一致/协调230. in tears 流着泪,在哭着 231. in the course of 在...期间/过程中232. in the distance 在远处 233. in the end 最后,终于234. in the event of 如果...发生,万一 235. in the face of 即使;在...面前236. in the first place 首先 237. in the future 在未来238. in the least 丝毫,一点 239. in (the)light of 鉴于,由于240. in the way 挡道 241. in the world 究竟,到底242. in time 及时 243. in touch 联系,接触244. in turn 依次,轮流;转而 245. in vain 徒劳,白费力246. instead of 代替,而不是 247. just now 眼下;刚才248. little by little 逐渐地 249. lots of 许多250. many a 许多 251. more or less 或多或少,有点252. next door 隔壁的,在隔壁 253. no doubt 无疑地254. no less than 不少于...;不亚于...255. no longer 不再256. no more 不再 257. no more than 至多,同...一样不258. none other than 不是别的,正是 259. on one's guard 警惕,提防260. nothing but 只有,只不过 261. now and then 时而,偶尔262. off and on 断断续续,间歇地 263. off duty 下班264. on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 265. on account of 由于266. on(an/the) average 平均,通常 267. on behalf of 代表268. on board 在船(车/飞机)上 269. on business 为了公事,出差270. on condition that 如果 271. on duty 上班,值班272. on earth 究竟,到底 273. on fire 起火,着火274. on foot 步行275. on guard 站岗,值班276. on hand 在场,在手边 277. on occasion(s) 有时,间或278. on one's own 独立,独自 279. on purpose 故意地280. on sale 出售,廉价出售 281. on schedule 按时间表,准时282. on second thoughts 经重新考虑 283. on the contrary 正相反284. on the grounds of 根据,以...为由 285. on (the) one hand 一方面286. on the other hand 另一方面 287. on the point of 即将...的时刻288. on the road 在旅途中 289. on the side 作为兼职/副业290. on the spot 在场;马上 291. on the whole 总的来说,大体上292. on time 准时 293. once again 再一次294. once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 295. once in a while 偶尔296. once more 再一次 297. once upon a time 从前298. one another 相互 299. or else 否则,要不然300. or so 大约,左右04301. other than 非;除了302. out of 从...中;由于;缺乏 303. out of breath 喘不过气来304. out of control 失去控制 305. out of date 过时的306. out of doors 在户外 307. out of order 出故障的308. out of place 不合适的,不在适当的位置 309. out of practice 久不练习,荒疏310. out of sight 看不见,在视野外 311. out of the question 毫无可能的312. out of touch 不联系,不接触 313. over and over(again) 一再地,再三地314. prior at 在...之前 315. quite a few 相当多,不少316. rather than 不是...(而是) 317. regardless of 不顾,不惜318. right away 立即,马上 319. speak about 谈及320. set in 开始321. set apart from 把...区分开322. side by side 肩并肩,一起323. so far 迄今为止 324. sooner or later 迟早,早晚325. step by step 逐步地 326. such as 例如,诸如327. thanks to 由于,多亏 328. that is (to say) 就是说,即329. to the point 切中要害,切题 330. under control 处于控制之下331. under the circumstances 这种情况下 332. up to date 在进行中333. up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于 334. what if 假使...将会怎样335. what about ...怎么样 336. with respect to 如果...将怎样337. with regard to 关于,至于 338. without question 关于,至于339. with the exception of 除...之外 340. word for word 逐字地1. I see. 我明白了。2. I quit! 我不干了!3. Let go! 放手!4. Me too. 我也是。5. My gosh! 天哪!6. No way! 不行!7. Come on. 来吧(赶快)8. Hold on. 等一等。9. I agree. 我同意。10. Not bad. 还不错。11. Not yet. 还没。12. See you. 再见。13. Shut up! 闭嘴!14. So long. 再见。15. Why not 好呀!(为什么不呢?)16. Allow me. 让我来。17. Be quiet! 安静点!18. Cheer up! 振作起来!19. Good job! 做得好!20. Have fun! 玩得开心!21. How much 多少钱?22. I'm full. 我饱了。23. I'm home. 我回来了。24. I'm lost. 我迷路了。25. My treat. 我请客。26. So do I. 我也一样。27. This way. 这边请。28. After you. 您先。29. Bless you! 祝福你!30. Follow me. 跟我来。31. Forget it! 休想! (算了!)32. Good luck! 祝好运!33. I decline! 我拒绝!34. I promise. 我保证。35. Of course! 当然了!36. Slow down! 慢点!37. Take care! 保重!38. They hurt. (伤口)疼。39. Try again. 再试试。40. Watch out! 当心。41. What's up 有什么事吗 42. Be careful! 注意!43. Bottoms up! 干杯(见底)44. Don't move! 不许动!45. Guess what 猜猜看?46. I doubt it. 我怀疑。47. I think so. 我也这么想48. I'm single. 我是单身贵族。49. Keep it up! 坚持下去!50. Let me see. 让我想想51. Never mind. 不要紧。52. No problem! 没问题!53. That's all! 就这样!54. Time is up. 时间快到了。55. What's new 有什么新鲜事吗 56. Count me on 算上我。57. Don't worry. 别担心。58. Feel better 好点了吗 59. I love you! 我爱你!60. I'm his fan. 我是他的影迷。61. Is it yours 这是你的吗 62. That's neat. 这很好。63. Are you sure 你肯定吗 64. Do l have to 非做不可吗 65. He is at my age. 他和我同岁。66. Here you are. 给你。67. No one knows. 没有人知道。68. Take it easy. 别紧张。69. What a pity! 太遗憾了!70. Anything else 还要别的吗 71. To be careful! 一定要小心!72. Do me a favor 帮个忙,好吗 73. Help yourself. 别客气。74. I m on a diet. 我在节食。75. Keep in Touch. 保持联络。76. Time is money. 时间就是金钱。77. Who's calling 是哪一位 78. You did right. 你做得对。79. You set me up! 你出卖我!80. Can I help you 我能帮你吗 81. Enjoy yourself! 祝你玩得开心!82. Excuse me, Sir. 先生,对不起。83. Give me a hand! 帮帮我!84. How's it going 怎么样 85. I have no idea. 我没有头绪。86. I just made it! 我做到了!87. I'll see to it 我会留意的。88. I'm in a hurry! 我在赶时间!89. It's her field. 这是她的本行。90. It's up to you. 由你决定。91. Just wonderful! 简直太棒了!92. What about you 你呢 93. You owe me one. 你欠我一个人情。94. You're welcome. 不客气。95. Any day will do. 哪一天都行。96. Are you kidding 你在开玩笑吧!97. Congratulations! 祝贺你!98. I can't help it. 我情不自禁。99. I don't mean it. 我不是故意的。100. I'll fix you up. 我会帮你打点的101. It sounds great! 听起来很不错。102. It's a fine day. 今天是个好天。103. So far, So good. 目前还不错。104. What time is it 几点了 105. You can make it! 你能做到!106. Control yourself! 克制一下!107. He came by train. 他乘火车来。108. He is ill in bed. 他卧病在床。109. He lacks courage. 他缺乏勇气。110. How's everything 一切还好吧 111. I have no choice. 我别无选择。112. I like ice-cream. 我喜欢吃冰淇淋。113. I love this game. 我钟爱这项运动。114. I'll try my best. 我尽力而为。115. I'm on your side. 我全力支持你。116. Long time no see! 好久不见!117. No pain, no gain. 不劳无获。118. Well, it depends 噢,这得看情况。119. We're all for it. 我们全都同意。120. What a good deal! 真便宜!121. What should I do 我该怎么办?122. You asked for it! 你自讨苦吃!123. You have my word. 我保证。124. Believe it or not! 信不信由你!125. Don't count on me. 别指望我。126. Don't fall for it! 别上当!127. Don't let me down. 别让我失望。128. Easy come, easy go. 来得容易,去得快。129. I beg your pardon. 请你原谅。130. I beg your pardon 请您再说一遍(我没有听清)。131. I'll be back soon. 我马上回来。132. I'll check it out. 我去查查看。133. It’s a long story. 说来话长。134. It's Sunday today. 今天是星期天。135. Just wait and see! 等着瞧!136. Make up your mind. 做个决定吧。137. That's all I need. 我就要这些。138. The view is great. 景色多么漂亮!139. The wall has ears. 隔墙有耳。140. There comes a bus. 汽车来了。141. What day is today 今天星期几 142. What do you think 你怎么认为?143. Who told you that 谁告诉你的 144. Who's kicking off 现在是谁在开球 145. Yes, I suppose so. 是的,我也这么认为。146. You can't miss it. 你一定能找到的。147. Any messages for me 有我的留言吗 148. Don't be so modest. 别谦虚了。149. Don't give me that! 少来这套!150. He is a smart boy. 他是个小机灵鬼。151. He is just a child. 他只是个孩子。152. I can't follow you. 我不懂你说的。153. I felt sort of ill. 我感觉有点不适。154. I have a good idea! 我有一个好主意。155. It is growing cool. 天气渐渐凉爽起来。156. It seems all right. 看来这没问题。157. It's going too far. 太离谱了。158. May I use your pen 我可以用你的笔吗 159. She had a bad cold. 她患了重感冒。160. That's a good idea. 这个主意真不错。161. The answer is zero. 白忙了。162. What does she like 她喜欢什么 163. As soon as possible! 越快越好!164. He can hardly speak. 他几乎说不出话来。165. He always talks big. 他总是吹牛。166. He won an election. 他在选举中获胜。167. I am a football fan. 我是个足球迷。168. If only I could fly. 要是我能飞就好了。169. I'll be right there. 我马上就到。170. I'll see you at six. 我六点钟见你。171. Is it true or false 这是对的还是错的 172. Just read it for me. 就读给我听好了。173. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。174. Move out of my way! 让开!175. Time is running out. 没时间了。176. We are good friends. 我们是好朋友。177. What's your trouble 你哪儿不舒服 178. You did fairly well! 你干得相当不错。179. Clothes make the man. 人要衣装。180. Did you miss the bus 你错过公共汽车了 181. Don t lose your head。不要惊慌失措。182. He can t take a joke. 他开不得玩笑。183. He owes my uncle $100.他欠我叔叔100美元。184. How are things going 事情进展得怎样 185. How are you recently 最近怎么样 186. I know all about it. 我知道有关它的一切。187. It really takes time. 这样太耽误时间了。188. It's against the law. 这是违法的。189. Love me, love my dog. (谚语)爱屋及乌。190. My mouth is watering. 我要流口水了。191. Speak louder,please. 说话请大声点儿。192. This boy has no job. 这个男孩没有工作。193. This house is my own. 这所房子是我自己的。194. What happened to you 你怎么了 195. You are just in time. 你来得正是时候。196. You need to workout. 你需要去运动锻炼一下。197. Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起来很冷。198. Don't be so childish. 别这么孩子气。199. Don't trust to chance! 不要碰运气。200. Fasten your seat belt. 系好你的安全带。201. He has a large income. 他有很高的收入。202. He looks very healthy. 他看来很健康。203. He paused for a reply. 他停下来等着 回答。204. He repaired his house. 他修理了他的房子。205. He suggested a picnic. 他建议搞一次野餐。206. Here's a gift for you. 这里有个礼物送给你。207. How much does it cost 多少钱 208. I caught the last bus. 我赶上了最后一班车。209. I could hardly speak. 我简直说不出话来。210. I'll have to try that. 我得试试这么做。211. I'm very proud of you. 我为你感到非常骄傲。212. It doesn't make sense. 这没有意义(不合常理)。213. Make yourself at home. 请不要拘礼。214. My car needs washing. 我的车需要洗一洗。215. None of your business! 与你无关!216. Not a sound was heard. 一点声音也没有。217. That's always the case. 习以为常了。218. The road divides here. 这条路在这里分岔。219. Those are watermelons. 那些是西瓜。220. What a nice day it is! 今天天气真好!221. What's wrong with you 你哪里不对劲 222. You are a chicken. 你是个胆小鬼。223. A lovely day,isn't it 好天气,是吗 224. He is collecting money. 他在筹集资金。225. He was born in New York. 他出生在纽约。226. He was not a bit tired. 他一点也不累。227. I will be more careful. 我会小心一些的。228. I will never forget it. 我会记着的。229. It is Just what I need. 这正是我所需要的。230. It rather surprised me. 那事使我颇感惊讶。231. Just around the comer. 就在附近。232. Just for entertainment. 只是为了消遣一下。233. Let bygones be bygones. 过去的,就让它过去吧。234. Mother doesn't make up. 妈妈不化妆。235. Oh,you are kidding me. 哦,你别拿我开玩笑了。236. She has been to school. 她上学去了。237. Skating is interesting. 滑冰很有趣。238. Supper is ready at six. 晚餐六点钟就好了。239. That's a terrific idea! 真是好主意!240. What horrible weather! 这鬼天气!241. Which would you prefer 你要选哪个 242. Does she like ice-cream 她喜欢吃冰淇淋吗 243. First come first served. 先到先得。244. Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。245. He has a sense of humor. 他有幽默感。246. He is acting an old man. 他正扮演一个老人。247. He is looking for a job. 他正在找工作。248. He doesn't care about me. 他并不在乎我。249. I develop films myself. 我自己冲洗照片。250. I felt no regret for it. 对这件事我不觉得后悔。251. I get up at six o clock. 我六点起床。252. I meet the boss himself. 我见到了老板本人。253. I owe you for my dinner. 我欠你晚餐的钱。254. I really enjoyed myself. 我玩得很开心。255. I'm fed up with my work! 我对工作烦死了!256. It's no use complaining. 发牢骚没什么用。257. She's under the weather. 她心情不好。258. The child sobbed sadly. 小孩伤心地抽泣着。259. The rumor had no basis. 那谣言没有根据。260. They praised him highly. 他们大大地表扬了他。261. Winter is a cold season. 冬天是一个,寒冷的季节。262. You can call me any time. 你可以随时打电话给我。263. 15 divided by 3 equals 5. 15除以3等于5。264. All for one, one for all. 我为人人,人人为我。265. East or west, home is the best. 金窝,银窝,不如自己的草窝。266. He grasped both my hands. 他紧握住我的双手。267. He is physically mature. 他身体己发育成熟。268. I am so sorry about this. 对此我非常抱歉(遗憾)。269. I can't afford a new car. 我买不起一部新车。270. I do want to see him now. 我现在确实很想去见他。271. I have the right to know. 我有权知道。272. I heard someone laughing. 我听见有人在笑。273. I suppose you often dance. 我想你常常跳舞吧。274. I walked across the park. 我穿过了公园。275. I'll just play it by ear. 我到时随机应变。276. I'm not sure I can do it. 恐怕这事我干不了。277. I'm not used to drinking. 我不习惯喝酒。278. Is the cut still painful 伤口还在痛吗?013种类型的词并不是超纲词。1. 真题试卷中,已给出中文释义的词汇;2. 专有名词;3. 能根据构词法推测出含义的词汇,以2023年英语高考真题卷为例,出现了这些派生词:2023全国甲卷progressive (课标progress)adj. 不断前进的;进步的personalise (课标person/personal)v. 使个性化;使人性化reawaken (课标awake)v. 再次引发(感情、回忆等)simplicity (课标simple)n. 简单,朴素attractant (课标attract)n. 引诱剂,诱饵intolerable (课标tolerate)adj. 无法忍受的misshapen (课标shape)adj. 畸形的;扭曲变形的accusation (课标accuse)n. 控告2023全国乙卷suspicion (课标suspect)n. 怀疑;嫌疑unlawfully (课标law)adv. 非法地;不正当地practitioner (课标practice)n. 从业者geographical (课标geography)adj. 地理的;地貌的decisive (课标decide/decision)adj. 决定性的authoritative (课标authority)adj. 权威的;当局的reconstruct (课标construction)v. 重建miscomprehension (课标comprehensive)n. 误解unsung (课标sing)adj. 未被赞美的architectural(课标architect)adj. 建筑的2023全国新高考Ⅰ卷minimalism (课标minimum)n. 极简主义philosophical (课标philosophy)adj. 哲学的statistician (课标statistic)n. 统计学家wrapper (课标wrap)n. 包装纸;(包子、饺子等的)皮encase (课标case)v. 把......装箱(或围住、包起)2023全国新高考Ⅱ卷initiator(课标initial/initiative)n. 创始人;发起者distrust (课标trust)v. 不信任unidentifiable (课标identify)adj. 无法确认的symbolically (课标symbol)adv. 象征地interactive (课标interact)adj. 相互作用的activate (课标active)v. 激活submission (课标submit)n. 提交(的文件)overpopulate (课标population)v. 使(某地区)人口过剩intercultural (课标culture)adj. 不同文化间的uneventful (课标event)adj. 无事的;平淡的attractant,decisive,minimalism,unidentifiable,activate,overpopulate等词,一般的教辅在列派生词时都不会列到这些词,而且在日常学习中,老师也不可能将所有的派生词都展示给学生,毕竟派生词的外延真的是无限广。但如果你熟悉英语构词法,熟悉常用前缀后缀的含义,这些词在考试中就不会成为障碍。即便你不能准确说出它的释义,你也能领悟个八九不离十。02高考英语常遇到的99个超纲词汇:1.adhere / d'hI (r)/ vi. 黏附,遵守,坚持2.adjustable / 'd st bl/ adj. 可调节的3.alert / 'l t/ vt. 警告,使警觉;adj. 警惕的,警觉的4.appliance / 'plaI ns/ n. 器具,器械5.attic /' tIk/ n. 阁楼6.auction /' k n/ vt. 拍卖;竞卖;n. 拍卖7.beforehand /bI'f h nd/ adv. 预先,事先8.breed /bri d/ vi. 交配繁殖, vt. 孕育;饲养9.burglary /'b gl ri/ n. 入室盗窃10.capture /'k pt / vt. 俘虏,捕获11.chronic /'kr nIk/ adj. 慢性的,长期的12.claim /kleIm/ vt. 要求,声称;n. 要求;声称;索赔13.cliff /klIf/ n. 悬崖,绝壁14.clue /klu / n. 线索15.cognitive /'k gn tIv/ adj. 认知的,认识的16.coherent /k 'hI r nt/ adj. 有条理的,合乎逻辑的17.community /k 'mju n ti/ n. 社区,社会18.complicated /'k mplIkeItId/ adj. 难懂的,复杂的19.compound /k mpa nd/ vt. 合成,混合;vi. 和解;妥协20.consumer /k n'sju m / n. 消费者;用户,顾客21.crawl /kr l/ vi. 爬行,匍匐行进;n. 爬行22.criticize /'krItIsaIz/ v. 批评,评论23.destructive /dI'str ktIv/ adj. 破坏的,毁灭性的24.device /dI'vaIs/ n. 装置,设备25.diplomacy /dI'pl m sI/ n. 外交26.dissolve /dI'z lv/ vt. 使溶解,使分解;vi. 溶解27.distress /dI'stres/ n. 危难,不幸;vt. 使悲痛;使贫困28.dominant /'d mIn nt/ adj. 占优势的,支配的29.durability / dj r 'bIl tI/ n. 耐久性,坚固,耐用年限30.earthworm /' θw m/ n. 蚯蚓31.ecosystem /'i k sIst m/ n. 生态系统32.emotional /I'm nl/ adj. 情绪的,易激动的33.encounter /In'kaunt / n.& vt. 遭遇,遇到34.encyclopedia /In saIkl 'pi di / n. 百科全书35.enhance /In'hɑ ns/ vt. 提高,加强,增加36.entitle /In'taItl/ vt. 给……权利,给……称号37.equator /I'kweIt / n. 赤道38.exclude /Ik'sklu d/ vt. 把……排除在外,不包括39.extinguish /Ik'stI gwI / vt. 熄灭,压制,偿清40.facility /f 'sIl tI/ n. 设施,设备41.fatigue /f 'ti g/ n. 疲劳,劳累42.fermentation /f men'teI n/ n. 发酵43.financial /faI'n n l/ adj. 金融的,财政的44.fossil /'f sl/ n. 化石45.foundation /fa n'deI n/ n. 基础,地基,基金会46.fragment /'fr gm nt/ n. 碎片47.generate /'d en reIt/ vt. 使形成,产生48.gorilla /g 'rIl / n. 大猩猩49.grave /greIv/ adj. 重大的,严肃的;n. 墓穴,坟墓50.ignorant /'Ign r nt/ adj. 无知的,愚昧的51.illusion /I'lu n/ n. 幻觉,错觉52.immortality / Im 't l tI/n. 不朽,永生53.inevitable /In'evIt bl/ adj. 必然的,不可避免的54.inherently /In'hI r ntli/ adv. 内在地,固有地55.innovation / In 'veI n/ n. 创新,革新,新方法56.interaction / Int r' k n/ n. 相互作用57.irritable /'IrIt bl/ adj. 暴躁的,易怒的58.isolate /'aIs leIt/ vt. 使隔离,使孤立,使绝缘59.lean /li n/ vi. 倾斜,倚靠 vt. 使斜靠60.likelihood /'laIklih d/ n. 可能,可能性61.lobby /'l bi/ n. 大厅,休息室,会客室62.logic /'l d Ik/ n. 逻辑,逻辑学63.magnetic /m g'netIk/ adj. 有磁性的,有吸引力的64.manufacture /m nj 'f kt / n.& vt.大量制造,批量生产65.mortgage /'m gId / vt. 抵押;n. 按揭贷款66.mutual /'mju t u l/ adj. 共同的,相互的67.nanotechnology / n n tek'n l d I/ n. 纳米技术68.navigation / n vI'geI n/ n. 航行,航海69.nickname /'nIkneIm/ n. 绰号,昵称;vt. 给……起绰号70.organism /' g nIz m/ n. 有机体,生物体,微生物71.parachute /'p r u t/ n. 降落伞;v. 跳伞;空投72.parasite /'p r saIt/ n. 寄生虫,依赖他人过活者73.partnership /'pɑ tn Ip/ n. 合伙人身份,合伙企业74.perspective /p 'spektIv/ n. 观点,远景,透视法75.pesticide /'pestIsaId/ n. 杀虫剂76.prior /'praI / adj. 先前的,较早的77.prosecute /'pr sIkju t/ vt. 检举,起诉,告发78.rehearsal /rI'h sl/ n. 排演,预演79.reinforce / ri In'f s/ vt. 加强,加固80.resolve /rI'z lv/ vt. 解决(问题、困难)81.retail /'ri teIl/ v.& n. 零售82.reverse /rI'v s/ n. 相反的情况(或事物);vt. 颠倒;倒转83.salvage /'s lvId / n. 打捞;海上救助;vt. 抢救;打捞84.simulator /'sImjuleIt / n. 模拟装置85.source /s s/ n. 来源,水源,原始资料86.spacecraft /'speIskrɑ ft/ n. [航] 宇宙飞船,航天器87.span /sp n/ n. 跨度,范围88.species /'spi i z/ n. [生物] 物种,种类89.spectator /spek'teIt / n. 观众,旁观者90.stimulate /'stImjuleIt/ vt. 刺激,鼓舞,激励91.stretch /stret / vt. 伸展;张开;vi. 伸展92.tame /teIm/ adj. 驯服的,平淡的93.temper /'temp / n. 脾气94.territory /'terIt ri/ n. 领土,领域,范围95.totem /'t t m/ n. 图腾,崇拜物96.transfer /tr ns'f / n. 转让,转移;v. 转让;转学;(使)调动97.transplant /tr ns'pla nt/ n.& v. 移植98.tuition /tju'I n/ n. 学费,讲授99.wreck /rek/ n. 失事,残骸英语中的构词法主要有三种,即转化法、合成法和派生法。一. 转化法在英语中,一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。1. 动词转化为名词Let me have a try. 让我试试。They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。2. 名词转化为动词He shouldered his way through the crowd.他用肩膀推开人群前进。The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。3. 形容词转化为动词We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。4. 形容词转化为名词He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。5. 形容词转化为副词How long have you lived there 你在那儿住多久了?6. 个别词在一定场合中可转化为名词Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。二. 合成法由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词,这种构词法叫做合成法,合成的词叫做合成词。合成词一般看其词,知其意。1. 合成名词名词/代词+名词 newspaper blood-test she-wolf动词+名词 typewriter pickpocket daybreak形容词+名词 greenhouse highway 副词+名词 overcoat outside名词+v.-ing/v.-ing +名词 handwriting reading-room freezing-point动词+副词/ 副词+ 动词 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome名词+介词+名词 sister-in-law editor-in-chief2. 合成形容词名词+形容词/形容词+名词 world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term副词+形容词 over-anxious evergreen名词+过去分词 man-made sun-burnt名词+现在分词 peace-loving English-speaking形容词+现在分词 good-looking easy-going副词+过去分词 well-informed widespread副词+现在分词 hardworking far-reaching形容词+名词+ed warm-hearted absent-minded数词+名词+ed three-legged ten-storied数词+名词 one-way five–star数词+名词+形容词 ten-year-old 800-meter-long名词+to+名词 face –to-face door - to -door 3. 合成动词名词+动词 baby-sit sleepwalk副词+动词 outnumber underestimate overwork形容词+动词 whitewash4. 合成副词形容词+名词 meanwhile anyway形容词+副词 everywhere anyhow副词+副词 however介词+名词 beforehand overhead介词+副词 forever5. 合成代词代词宾格+self/selves herself themselves物主代词+self/selves myself yourselves形容词+名词 anything nothing6. 合成介词副词+名词 inside outside介词+副词 without within副词+介词 into三. 派生法由一个词加上前缀或后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫做派生法。1. 前缀除少数前缀外,前缀一般改变单词的意义,但不改变单词的词性。(1)表示否定意义的前缀un- unhappy unfinished undressdis- disagree disbelievein- [il-(在字母l前),im- (在字母m,b,p前),ir- (在字母r前)] inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregularmis- misbehave mislead mistakenon- nonstop nonsmoker(2)表示其他意义的前缀en- “使……”enrich enlarge encourageinter- “相互”international intercontinentalre- “再,又,重”rethink retell recycletele- “远程的”telescope telephone telegraphauto- “自动的”automatic automobileco- “共同”coworker cooperate coexistanti- “反对,抵抗”antiwar antifreeze antinuclearmulti- “多”multistory multicultural multicolorbi- “双,二”bicycle bilingual bilateralmicro- “极小的,微小的”microwave microcomputerover- “太多,过分”overwork overdo overestimateself- “自己,本身”self-centered self-confident self-controlunder- “在……下面,……下的,不足的”underline, underground, underestimate, underrate2. 后缀(1)形容词后缀-able “可……的,具有……的”acceptable drinkable knowledgeable reasonable-al “与……有关的”physical, magical, political-an “属于某地方的人”American African-ern “方向”southern, northern, eastern-ful/ less “(没)有……的”helpful, useful, homeless, hopeless-ish “如……的;有……特征的”foolish childish selfish-ive “有……倾向的”active attractive expensive-en “由……制成的”golden wooden woolen-ous “有(性质)的”famous, dangerous, poisonous-ly “有……性质的”friendly yearly daily-y “构成形容词”noisy dusty cloudy(2)名词后缀-er / or “表人或用具” farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container-ese “某国(人)的”Chinese, Japanese-ian “某国、某地人;精通……的人”musician, Asian, Russian, technician-ist “某种主义或职业者”physicist, scientist, communist,socialist-ess “表女性,雌性”hostess, actress, princess-ment “行为或其状态”government, movement, achievement-ness “性质,状态”illness, sadness, carelessness-tion “动作,过程,结果”invention, organization, translation-ance/ ence “抽象;行为、性质、状态”importance, appearance, absence, existence-th “性质、情况” depth, warmth, truth-ful “(满的)量”handful, spoonful, mouthful-(a)bility “抽象、性质、状态”possibility, disability, reliability-al “过程、状态”survival, arrival, approval-y “性质、情况”modesty, delivery, honesty-dom “处于……状态;性质”freedom, boredom-age “状态,行为,身份及其结果”courage, storage, marriage(3)动词后缀-fy / ify “使得;变得” simplify, beautify, purify-en “使成为;变得” shorten, deepen, sadden-ize “使成为” apologize, realize, specialize(4)副词后缀-ly “方式,程度” freely, truly, angrily-ward(s) “向……” towards, forward, upwards(5)数词后缀-teen “十几” fourteen, eighteen, thirteen-ty “整十位数” forty, fifty, sixty-th “序数词” twelfth, twentieth 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 高中复习资料:328个英语前缀后缀.docx 高中英语278句口语知识点.docx 高中英语构词法必考点汇总.docx 高中英语考试基础词组340条.docx 高中英语考试必考的50个知识点.docx 高中英语考试超纲词汇99个.docx 高中英语读后续写90个范文好句(含高分表达指点).docx 高中英语非谓语动词重难点详解.docx