资源简介 命题趋势:在近五年中考题中,对祈使句的考查在单项选择等题型中有所体现,侧重考查考生的综合运用能力。中考考查重点:1. 否定的祈使句;2. 以let开头的祈使句;3. 祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换; 4. 祈使句的应答语。考向一:祈使句的基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主语,谓语动词用原形。1. 肯定的祈使句①句型:动词原形+其他成分。Be careful! 小心!②"Do+祈使句"表示一种强烈的感情或请求,do起强调作用。③please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气,但please用在句末时,必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。Close the door, please. 请关门。2. 否定的祈使句①常用句型:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t be late for school again! 别再迟到了!②用Never开头:Never+动词原形+其他成分。Never leave today’s work for tomorrow! 不要把今天的工作留到明天!3. Let引导的祈使句以Let开头的句子也是祈使句,表示陈述和建议。其否定形式有两种:Let...not或Don’t...Let us not be late. 让我们不要迟到。Don’t let the boy play football in the street. 不要让这个男孩在街上踢足球。【典例】1. —Mark, please don’t play basketball on the road. It’s very dangerous.—____________. I am going home at once.A. Have a great time B. Sorry, I won’t do thatC. I’d like to D. OK, with pleasure【答案】B【解析】对今后不要做某事的命令或请求表示接受时,回答要用否定的将来时。2. ____________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there.A. Not B. Not too C. Don’t D. Don’t to【答案】C【解析】祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加don’t,故选C。 3. —Look at the sign; what does it mean —It means"____________".A. Don’t talking B. No talking C. Not talk 考向二:祈使句与简单句、复合句之间的转换1. "Let’s + 动词原形 + 其他"可转换为"Shall we + 动词原形 + 其他 "。Let’s go fishing this afternoon.=Shall we go fishing this afternoon 2. "祈使句 + and/or + 简单句"可转换为含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。Use your head, and you’ll find a way.=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.Hurry up, or we’ll be late.=If we don’t hurry up, we’ll be late.【典例】____________ a dairy every day and you’ll improve your writing.A. Keeping B. To keep C. Keep D. If you keep【答案】C考向三:祈使句的应答语1. 以Let’s开头的祈使句,其答语常用Good idea. /OK. /Yes, I’d love to. 等。—Let’s go to the park. 让我们去公园吧。—Good idea. 好主意。2. 其他肯定祈使句的应答语为Yes, I will. ;否定祈使句的应答语为Sorry/No, I won’t(do it again). 。—It’s going to rain. Remember to take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。记着带上雨伞。—Thanks, I will. 谢谢,我会的。—Don’t play with my cat. 不要和我的猫玩。—Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起,我将不再那样做了。【典例】—Wish you good luck in the entrance exam.—____________. The same to you.A. Thank you B. See you C. I’m sorry to hear that【答案】A【解析】对别人的美好祝愿应表示感谢。故选A。 祈使句用法口诀 祈使句,无主语,动词开头就可以。 表示请求或命令,加上please表客气。 要想变成否定句,Don’t开头别忘记。1. Cindy, ____________ sure to be here at 8:00 o’clock tomorrow morning.A. is B. are C. will be D. be2. —Jack, ____________ play the violin here. We’re talking now.—Sorry, I won’t.A. doesn’t B. not C. don’t D. no3. Mary, ____________ here — everybody else, stay where you are.A. coming B. comes C. to come D. come4. As we all know, life is short but amazing. ____________ it!A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed5. —____________ listen to music in class.—Sorry, I won’t do it again.A. Let’s B. Don’t C. Please D. Why not6. —Jack, don’t always copy what others do. ____________ your head, please.—Thanks for telling me.A. Using B. Used C. Uses D. Use1. Never put off ___________ tomorrow what you can do today.A. until B. before C. when D. as2. —___________, or you won’t do well in your lessons.—OK. I will.A. Don’t work hard B. Work hard C. Hard work3. Tom, ___________ the umbrella with you. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain!A. taking B. takes C. take4. Please ___________ the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.A. puts B. put C. putting D. to put5. —Mom, can I play computer games this evening —___________ your homework first, and then we'll talk about it.A. Finishing B. Finish C. To finish D. Finished6. Hold your dream, ____________ you might regret someday.A. and B. or C. but D. so7. Give me a chance, ____________ I’ll prove it to you.A. and B. till C. though D. while8. We’ll stay at home ____________ it rains tomorrow. A. and B. if C. but D. so1.__________ here quickly, Alice. I have something exciting to tell you.A. Coming B. Comes C. Come D. To come2.—I’m worried about my English.—____________ harder, ____________ you will catch up with your classmates.A. Working;and B. To work;orC. Work;and D. Worked;or3.Don’t ____________ late for class.A. being B. be C. to be4.Please ____________ fruits and vegetables in a basin!A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed5.Tony, ____________ play with the mobile phone while you’re walking in the street.A. don’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t6. "Tom, ____________ rubbish into the river. You’re polluting it."said Mrs White.A. not throw B. don’t throwC. not to throw D. never to throw7. ____________ cross the road before the traffic lights turn green.A. Not B. Won’t C. Don’t D. Doesn’t8.____________ that I couldn’t see the magician’s performance myself. My parents don’t allow me to go outside alone.A. Be sure B. It’s a pity C. Make sure【跟踪训练】3. D 【解析】句意:玛丽,你过来——其他每个人都待在原处。本句是祈使句,要用动词原形,所以选D。4. A 【解析】句意:正如我们所知,生命是短暂的但又神奇的。享受生命吧!动词原形开头的是祈使句,表示劝告或者命令的语气。enjoy 动词原形;to enjoy动词不定式;enjoying动名词;enjoyed动词过去式。故选A。5. B 【解析】本题考查祈使句的否定形式。句意:——不要在课堂上听音乐。——对不起,我不会再这么做。根据答语可知上句是否定的祈使句,故选B。6. D 【解析】句意:——杰克,不要总是抄袭别人做的,请动动你的脑筋。——谢谢你告诉我。use意为"用,使用",use one’s head意为"动脑筋",为固定短语;这是一个肯定的祈使句,要用动词原形,故选D。【真题再现】1. A【解析】句意:今天的事情不要推迟到明天去做。本题考查连词。A. until直到;B. before在……之前;C. when当……时候;D. as因为。这是一句谚语,用的是祈使句,并且以never开头,语气很强;put off意思是“推迟”,根据句意“今天的事情不要推迟到明天去做”可知A选项符合题意,故选A。2. B【解析】句意:——努力工作,否则你就不会在学业上表现得好。——好的。我会的。A.不要努力工作B.努力工作C.努力的工作,祈使句+or+简单句表示如果不怎么样会发生什么事情,这里是说如果不努力就会表现不好,排除A,祈使句需要用动词原形开头,排除C,故选B。3. C【解析】句意:Tom,带着伞,看那云,就要下雨了!本题考查祈使句。A. taking拿,带。分词形式;B. takes那,带,单三形式;C. take那,带,动词原形。本句为祈使句。故使用动词原形,所以答案选C。4. B【解析】句意:请根据标志牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱中。祈使句以动词原形开头,故答案为B。6. B【解析】考查连词的用法。句意:抓住你的梦想,否则你有一天会后悔。A. and并且,表示并列关系;B. or 用于连接两个并列的句子,表示"否则,要不然"的意思。C. but但是,表示转折关系;D. so所以,表示结果。根据句意,故选B。7. A【解析】考查连词的用法。句意:给我一个机会,我会证明给你看。and和,表示并列关系;till直到;though虽然,尽管;while当……时候。结合句子"给我一个机会,我会证明给你看",在祈使句后,常用and连接一个简单句,表示条件与结果的关系,它们在语法上是并列关系,但在意义上却是主从关系,也可译为"如果……就……",故选A。8. B【解析】考查连词的用法。句意:如果明天下雨,我们将呆在家里。and和;if如果;but但是;so所以. 根据题干We’ll stay at home ____________ it rains tomorrow. 可知主句是一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句中是一般现在时,遵循主将从现的原则,故选B。【模拟检测】1. C 【解析】句意:快来这里,爱丽丝。我有激动人心的事要告诉你。祈使句有肯定祈使句和否定祈使句,肯定祈使句以动词原形开头,否定祈使句以don’t+动词原形开头,结合句意和语境可知选C。2. C 【解析】句意:——我担心我的英语。——努力学习吧,你会赶上你的同学的。"祈使句 + and + 陈述句"表示递进,做了前面的事,就会有后面的结果;"祈使句 + or + 陈述句"表示转折,做了(不做)前者,就不会有后面的结果。故选C。3. B 【解析】句意:上课不要迟到。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查祈使句,祈使句是以动词原形开头,否定句在前面加don’t,所以应选B。4. A 【解析】句意:请在一个盆里洗蔬菜和水果。本题是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。6. B 【解析】句意:"汤姆,不要向河里扔垃圾。你在污染它。"怀特夫人说。根据句意及题干分析此题应用祈使句,其否定句是在动词原形前加don’t,故选B。7. C 【解析】句意:交通灯转绿前不要穿过公路。这是一个祈使句,祈使句的否定形式是在句首加don’t,故选C。8. B 【解析】句意:很可惜我不能亲自去看那个魔术师的表演了。我的父母不允许我独自出外。Be sure确保;it’s a pity很可惜;make sure保证。故选B。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览