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高一下学期英语北师大版（2019）期末达标测试卷B卷
考试时间：120分钟
满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man need to do
A. Attend a conference.
B. Reserve a room.
C. Reply some emails.
2. Where are they going
A. To the cinema. B. To the car. C. To the station.
3. When will the match begin
A. At 4:00. B. At 4:30. C. At 5:00.
4. What's Tommy like
A. He is cute. B. He is naughty. C. He is old.
5. Why does the man refuse to go to the cafeteria now
A. It's too early.
B. The dishes are not good.
C. He doesn't want to wait.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did Sara's parents do yesterday
A. They did the Smiths a big favor.
B. They invited the Smiths to dinner.
C. They went outing with the Smiths.
7. What's Mr. Smith
A. A mechanic B. A baker. C. A cook.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the man work
A. At a supermarket. B. At a radio station C. At a restaurant
9. Why did the man choose the location
A. For less competition
B. For higher price.
C. For better food
10. What may the man do
A. Change his job
B. Ask Linda for help
C. Sell food at a cheaper price
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man now
A. An accountant. B. A salesman. C. A sales manager
12. Why is the man suitable for the job according to him
A. He works fast.
B. He's good with people
C. He is very careful
13. What's the relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers. B. Colleagues. C. Boss and secretary.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How was the weather yesterday
A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Rainy
15. What does the woman think of Henry
A. Patient. B. Clever. C. Nervous.
16. How long did the woman ski
A. For half an hour. B. For an hour C. For an hour and a half.
17. Where does the man come from
A. The east. B. The north. C. The south.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What's the man's first destination
A. London. B. Spain. C. Paris.
19. How long did the man stay out of school
A. For six months. B. For a year C. For two years.
20. What did the man mainly talk about
A. His experience of learning languages.
B. His experience of dealing with people.
C. His experience of traveling in the world.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The STAR Eco Station is an environmental science museum, a wildlife rescue center, and a shelter for endangered and illegally-traded foreign animals confiscated(没收) by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. It carries out the mission "Preservation through Education" by educating visitors on the preservation of the environment and the interdependence of all living things.
Field trips
The STAR Eco Station hosts field trips for schools and camps throughout Southern California. Each field trip lasts two hours, consisting of a one-hour gathering and a one-hour tour of the facility, with lessons associated with California State Science Standards.
Throughout the field trip, students learn about the latest developments in environmental protection and the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems. The students also receive an up-close and hands-on experience with our rescued foreign wildlife. The tour includes different environmental exhibits that showcase the ways students can help protect animals in the wild.
Field trips are offered on weekdays only, from 10 a.m. to 12 noon or from 12 noon to 2 p.m. The rate is $6 per visitor, both children and adults, with a $120 minimum. We offer one free adult per 10 children for groups of 40 or more. Maximum capacity is 120 people per field trip.
Public tours
Guided tours of the STAR Eco Station introduce visitors to over two hundred rescued foreign animals. Each tour is led by an Eco Station staff member, and features fun animal facts, hands-on animal encounters, surprising rescue stories, environmental exhibits, and original approaches to going green. Visitors may only see the animals on a guided tour, for both your safety and the safety of our animals.
The guided tour lasts approximately 45-60 minutes. Public tours are offered on weekends, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (the last tour begins at 3 p.m.). Our guided public tours start every hour on the hour. Visitors are served on a first-come, first-served basis. No reservations are required. However, tours may sell out. We suggest larger groups schedule a private tour.
Note
Our regular time of public tours is subject to change without notice. Please call in advance for the most up-to-date information.
21. What does the STAR Eco Station aim to do
A. To help research wildlife abroad.
B. To raise awareness of wildlife protection.
C. To collect money for animal shelters.
D. To provide a knowledge of unusual animals.
22. What can students do during a field trip
A. Make a speech on the environment.
B. Take part in a foreign wildlife rescue.
C. Get to know why species get endangered.
D. Learn how living things affect each other.
23. For a guided tour, what should visitors know
A. Large groups are served first. B. It is available on weekdays.
C. Its time could change. D. Booking is needed.
B
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. "Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers," she says. However her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.
24. What did Jennifer do after high school
A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
25. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
26. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
27. What can we learn from Jennifer's story
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
C
Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only drown animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in India in 2012 killed many one-horned rhinos. Floodwaters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes floodwaters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, floodwaters can carry disease, including hepatitis A and cholera.
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Floodwaters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles(微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment(沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and help plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
28. What's the possible meaning of the underlined word "clog" in Paragraph 2
A. Become. B. Pollute. C. Block. D. Develop.
29. How do floods help ecosystems
A. Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer.
B. Floods make all the animals migrate more casily.
C. Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals.
D. Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow.
30. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. The way in which floods feed animals.
B. The benefits of floods to ecosystems.
C. An effective means of improving soil.
D. The reason for people's appreciating floods.
31. What's the best title for this article
A. Many Effects of Flooding
B. The Secret of Flooding
C. Floods: Everything Is So Bad
D. Floods: A Part of Nature
D
The sun is setting, brightening your kids' faces as they play in the waves. You reach for your phone for this perfect moment. But before you do, here's a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think.
Taking too many pictures could actually harm the brain's ability to keep memories, says Elizabeth Loftus, a psychology professor at the University of California. So we get the photo but kind of lose the memory.
Photography "outsources" memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we're so distracted by the process that we miss the moment altogether.
The first explanation is the loss of memory. People know that their camera is recording that moment, so they don't try to remember. The other is distraction. We're distracted by the process of taking a photo-how we hold our phone, composing the photo, such as smiling faces, the background to our liking and clear image, all of which uses up our attention that could otherwise help us memorize.
However, taking photos can help memory when done mindfully. While taking a photo may be distracting, the act of preparation by focusing on visual details around has the opposite. When people take the time to take clear pictures, memories become strengthened.
Another advantage is that we recall moments more exactly with the photos. Memory has been reshaped with the help of new information and new experiences. Thus, photos or videos help us recall moments as if they really happened.
Memories die away without a visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further.
32. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To make us recall similar experience.
C. To show the interest in taking photos.
D. To call on readers not to take photos.
33. Why does photography "outsource" memories
A. Taking photos is helpful for us to memorize.
B. Photos are more detailed than memories.
C. People depend more on photos to remember than their brains.
D. Many sources influence people's memories during photo-taking
34. What should be talked about next
A. When taking photos is better.
B. When distraction is likely to happen.
C. How to stay focused while taking photos.
D. How to use photo-taking to memorize better.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Photography Does Help to Memories
B. Remember the Moment and Take Photos Properly
C. Too Many Photos Taken Result in Poor Memories
D. The Fewer Photos We Take, the Better We Will Remember
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Communication is important in all families. Families with healthy communication form strong connections with one another. 36 _
Actually talk.
37 For instance, in addition to answering "Fine" when your parents ask how school went, try adding an anecdote(轶事) about the day. This will help when you need to talk about the big things.
Ask them about their day.
This one can help you with the first point. 38 If they're stay-home parents, ask them about how the day at home went. Such small talk won't be small to them. It'll be a big deal, and they'll appreciate it.
Do the small things.
When we say small things, we mean things like helping clear the dinner table, helping put away groceries, and not leaving personal belongings around the house. Those are little things, all of them. 39 which can make things between you and your parents better.
Do the big things.
What we mean here is the basic stuff you hear from adults all the time — show up for school, or be respectful to teachers. 40 That will be okay, because — based on tips 1-2 — you'll be able to communicate about those things, clear up misunderstandings, and do better next time.
Tell them you love them
If you say that and hug them, well — you win.
A. This tip will make them seem more real to you.
B. We know you're not perfect and you will make mistakes.
C. But, if you do those things, you'll build up lots of goodwill.
D. This means taking part in real conversations with your parents.
E. It's never too late to open those lines of communication back up.
F. The following tips can improve your communication with parents.
G. If they are workers, ask about their jobs.
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few years ago on a college class, a professor decided to try an experiment on one of his classes. At the start of the term he divided the class into two groups and 41 that each group would be graded differently.
Group one would be graded on the total number of pots they could create throughout the term, with a small importance given to 42 . Group two would be graded on just one pot. They could 43 just one pot all the term so they had better make it 44 .
At the end of the term, the students all 45 their works for grading. To the professor's joy, the five highest quality pots all came from the group who 46 on quantity over quality. In fact, the pot from group two was 47 .
Why did this happen It happened because there is big 48 in working at something over and over until you learn from your 49 and gradually improve. As a result, failure can be an amazingly effective teacher if we allow it to be.
There is also something 50 in trying to be perfect all the time. Perfectionism can cause us to be very 51 of ourselves and our work. Sure, it can produce great results from time to time but it often leaves a person feeling upset.
For the perfectionists, my advice would be to give ourselves 52 to fail from time to time. Strangely enough, the more we fail, the 53 we will come to perfection 54 what we learn.
We are not perfect. We will never be perfect in this life. So let's just do our best and learn from the mistakes. When we approach it this way, we can truly say that we are " 55 forward". Who knows In the end we may just fail our way into perfection.
41. A. explained B. promised C. commanded D. suggested
42. A. design B. price C. style D. quality
43. A. look for B. dig out C. work on D. pick out
44. A. classical B. impressive C. popular D. expensive
45. A. showed off B. showed up C. turned in D. turned out
46. A. carried B. held C. looked D. focused
47. A. awful B. beautiful C. graceful D. useful
48. A. loss B. value C. difference D. interest
49. A. experiences B. successes C. mistakes D. experiments
50. A. helpful B. positive C. doubtful D. harmful
51. A. tired B. proud C. serious D. aware
52. A. permission B. excuses C. opportunities D. awards
53. A. faster B. further C. slower D. closer
54. A. along with B. because of C. regardless of D. instead of
55. A. moving B. failing C. stepping D. looking
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the most endangered animals in the world is the Siberian tiger, 56 (know) as the Northeast Tiger in China. There are less than 500 of these beautiful animals still living in the wild. The Siberian tiger is the largest of all tigers. 57 adult male can grow up to 3.3 meters in 58 (long) and weigh as much as 300 kilograms.
Long ago, Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia and Russian Far East. 59 today they are found mainly along the Chinese-Russian border and 60 (possible) in North Korea. The main reason for their decrease in numbers is the disappearance of their natural habitat. Fortunately, steps 61 (take) to save this magnificent creature in recent years and as a consequence numbers are 62 the rise.
There is also a fairly large population of Siberian tigers in zoos, some of 53 are expected to be reintroduced to the wild. Of course, they would need to learn how to hunt and take care of 63 (they), and this is easier said than done. Another big issue is the problem of space. At present, there just is not enough 64 (spoil) forest available to support reintroducing many Siberian tigers into the wild.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anna要参加主题为"水资源保护"(Thirsty Earth)的海报征集活动。她写信向你求助，请你回信，要点包括：
1. 表示支持；
2. 给出建议；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Anna,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was in the afternoon before the end of the Second World War that Antonio Black, who was twelve, caught sight of a beautiful brooch(胸针) in a shop window. The brooch is so beautiful that he was unwilling to leave the store until he had purchased it. But it was too expensive — $5. His family was very poor and his parents struggled to make ends meet. Five dollars would buy almost a week's food for his family.
Antonio couldn't ask his father for the money. Everything his father made through fishing went to his mother, Susan. Slim and beautiful, his mother was the center of the home and the glue that held it together. The housework was never-ending, and she struggled to feed and clothe their five children, but she was happy as her family and their well-being were all she cared about.
Nevertheless, he opened the shop's door and went inside. Standing proudly and straight in his flour-sack(面粉袋改做的) shirt and washed-out trousers, he told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding, "But I don't have the money right now. Can you please hold it for me for some time "
"I'll try," the shopkeeper smiled. "People around here don't usually have that kind of money to spend on things. It should keep for a while."
Antonio respectfully touched his worn cap and walked out. He would raise the money and not tell anybody, for he thought Mum would be surprised when she saw that brooch. On hearing the sound of hammering(锤打) from a side street, Antonio suddenly had an idea that he could raise money by selling the used nail bags. People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails bought in bags from a local factory. Sometimes the used bags were thrown away at the construction site, and Antonio knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece. That day he sold two nail bags and hid the money in a rusty soda tin.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Every day after school, Antonio started his plan. _____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day finally came! ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 听力
第一节
1. 答案：B
解析：M: I need to reserve a conference room this afternoon for the conference next week.
W: Didn't you reserve one this morning
M: No. I was busy replying emails all morning.
2. 答案：A
解析：W: How shall we go to the cinema tonight
M: I planned to use my dad's car. But he has to meet a client tonight. So we'll have to go there either by bus or by subway.
W: I prefer the latter.
M: OK.
3. 答案：C
解析：M: Oh, my god! It's already half past four but I haven't finished my homework yet. The football match will begin in just half an hour.
W: Don't worry. The clock is half an hour fast.
4. 答案：A
解析：W: Peter, could you help look after Tommy this afternoon
M: I'd like to, Kate. But I'm not sure if I can do that. Last time I looked after Lucy's son, he cried for the whole morning.
W: Don't worry. Tommy is much older than Andrew. He is a cute boy.
M: That's great.
5. 答案：C
解析：W: Oh, look. It's already noon. Time to eat. What about going to the cafeteria now
M: The cafeteria is short of hands these days. I don't want to wait long in line. You can go first if you don't mind waiting.
第二节
6. 答案：B
7. 答案：B
解析：M: What's in your hand, Sara
W: It's a thank-you note from the Smiths. They wanted to thank you and Mom for inviting them over to dinner yesterday. Dad, why did you and Mom invite them to dinner yesterday
M: Mr. Smith did us a favor the other day, so we wanted to thank him.
W: What did he do for us
M: Our washing machine didn't function well. Mr. Smith knew how to repair it. So he helped fix it.
W: He's really awesome.
M: Yes. He once worked as a repairman. Though he now bakes bread full time, he sometimes helps others repair things.
8. 答案：C
9. 答案：A
10. 答案：B
解析：W: Hi, Harry. How is the business at your restaurant
M: Not so good. I think I've picked the wrong location.
W: Why
M: While I picked that place, I thought I would have no competition since there was no restaurant there. But now I realized having no restaurant also means not having enough regular customers.
W: How about offering better food at a cheaper price
M: I don't think it'll work. And if I charge an even lower price, I'll have no money to pay my staff. I'm afraid I have to close it.
W: I'm sorry to hear that. Then what's your future plan
M: I won't give up. I'll try somewhere else.
W: Then I suggest you ask Linda for help. After all, she has such a famous store in town.
M: Good idea!
11. 答案：C
12. 答案：B
13. 答案：A
解析：W: Please be seated, Mr. Pitt.
M: Thanks.
W: So could you tell me why you want to join us
M: Well, your company is one of the best in this field nationwide.
W: That's good to hear. So you work as a sales manager now, right
M: Yes. Though the pay is good, the work is no longer challenging for me. I like challenges.
W: Then why do you think this position is suitable for you
M: I love dealing with various people and I'm good at it. I know it won't be easy for me at first, but I'm sure I will learn fast. As I've already said, I love challenges. So I don't fear them.
W: Good. Do you have any questions about our company
M: Not really. I've already read everything in your ad carefully.
W: OK. Now you're free to go. I'll discuss your application with my colleagues first. You'll be informed of the result the day after tomorrow.
M: OK.
14. 答案：B
15. 答案：A
16. 答案：B
17. 答案：C
解析：W: Although the rain has stopped for a few days, it's still cold even today.
M: Yes. I heard you went skiing yesterday. Wasn't it cold in the mountain
W: It wasn't as cold as today. There was no wind yesterday.
M: Right. So did you have fun skiing in the mountain
W: Yes. But I was really nervous at first. It was my first time to ski after all. But Henry encouraged me and taught me how to do it. He was very patient. With his instructions, I was no longer nervous and finally started trying by myself.
M: How long did you ski there
W: Henry skied with me for about half an hour. After that I tried skiing by myself for another half an hour.
M: Did you finally learn to ski
W: Yes. They have runs for different kinds of skiers. I skied on the easiest run. It wasn't steep at all. So have you ever skied
M: No. I grew up in the south and it seldom snows there.
W: Then you can try skiing here.
M: That sounds good. I think it'll be an unforgettable outdoor experience for me.
W: Certainly!
18. 答案：C
19. 答案：B
20. 答案：A
解析：Back in 2000, I had just finished my first year at music college when I applied to take a year off from college. I wanted to experience new cultures, so I bought a one-way ticket to Paris. At that point, I spoke no French, or any other foreign languages. I spent six months overall in Paris, working at night in a youth hotel. I started to learn and improve my French quickly, mostly because I had to. I was dealing with customers every day after all. During the long nights at the hotel I met travelers from all over the world and knew then and there that I wanted to be able to communicate with people in their own language. The following year I went back to college in London. I started hanging around and playing music with a lot of Spanish people who were always fun. I couldn't speak much Spanish, but I was up for learning. After learning French, it wasn't all that hard to learn Spanish. I became close friends with one guy in particular and in the next two years, I spoke more Spanish than English from day to day. And a few years later, I also learned Portuguese.
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
21. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"It carries out the mission... by educating visitors on the preservation of the environment and the interdependence of all living things."可知,The STAR Eco Station的目标是提高对保护野生动物的认识。故选B。
22. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Field trips中"Throughout the field trip, students learn about... the ways in which wildlife interacts with various ecosystems."可知,学生们学习环境保护方面的最新进展,以及野生动物与各种生态系统相互作用的方式。故选D。
23. 答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Note中"Our regular time of public tours is subject to change without notice."可知,由导游陪同的游览,游客应该知道其参观时间是变化的。故选C。
B
24. 答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition"可知，珍妮弗高中毕业后自己打工挣钱交学费。故选C。
25. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids."可知，珍妮弗选择这所学校的课程是为了方便在上学的同时照顾自己的孩子。故选A。
26. 答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study."可知，珍妮弗为了实现自己的目标, 牺牲了许多与孩子待在一起的夜晚，也错过了很多重要的活动。故选B。
27. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了主人公通过自己的努力完成学业，最终获得成功的故事，强调了她坚持不懈、努力拼搏的精神。C项(努力终将得到回报)符合文章主旨。故选C。
C
28. 答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段"Floodwaters can pick up dirt from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty."以及划线词后的 preventing the river from flowing可知，洪水会沿途吸收泥土，而太多的泥土会堵塞河道，使河水无法流淌。由此可推测此处clog的意思应该是"堵塞"。故选C。
29. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Floodwaters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and help plants grow."可知，洪水沿途所携带的营养物质可以使土壤更丰富，从而更好地改善生态系统。故选A。
30. 答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段"However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems."可知，文章第三段主要讲的是洪水对生态系统的好处。故选B。
31. 答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前两段主要讲洪水对生态系统不利的方面，第三段主要讲洪水对生态系统的益处，最后一段总结全文，点明主题—洪水是大自然的一部分。所以"洪水是大自然的一部分"作为标题最合适。故选D。
D
32. 答案：A
解析：目的意图题。本文主要讲述了拍摄过多的照片实际上会损害大脑保持记忆的能力。根据第一段"But before you do, here's a bit of surprising science: Taking photos is not the perfect way to keep memory as you think. (但在你这么做之前,这里有一点令人惊讶的科学：拍照并不是你认为的保持记忆的完美方式。)"可知，第一段主要引入话题。故选A。
33. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段"Photography 'outsources' memories. It works in two ways: We either shake off the responsibility of remembering moments when taking pictures, or we're so distracted(分散注意力的) by the process that we miss the moment altogether. (摄影"外包"记忆。它在两方面起作用：我们要么在拍照时摆脱了记住时刻的责任,要么在拍照过程中分心,以至于完全错过了那个时刻。)"可知，摄影"外包"记忆是因为在拍照过程中，许多因素会影响人们的记忆。故选C。
34. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Memories die away without o visual record backing them up. Therefore, a photo is an excellent tool to help remember when done purposefully, which is worth exploring further. (没有视觉记录的支持,记忆就会消失。因此，照片是帮助记忆的极好工具，如果是有目的的，这是值得进一步探索的。)"可知，接下来可能讨论如何利用拍照更好地记忆。故选D。
35. 答案：B
解析：标题判断题。第一段引入主题—拍摄过多的照片实际上会损害大脑保持记忆的能力，接下来介绍了拍照损害记忆的原因。根据第六段"However, taking photos can benefit memory—when done mindfully. (然而，拍照有助于记忆一当用心去做的时候。)"可知，以"记住这一刻，好好拍照"为题目最合适。故选B。
第二节
36. 答案：F
解析：根据上文"Communication is important in all families. Families with healthy communication form strong connections with one another. (沟通在所有家庭中都很重要。健康沟通的家庭彼此之间形成牢固的联系)"可知，提到沟通对于所有家庭都很重要。F项"The following tips can improve your communication with parents. (下面的建议可以提高你与父母的沟通。)"承接上文，点出主题引领下文。故选F。
37. 答案：D
解析：根据下文"For instance, in addition to answering 'Fine' when your parents ask how school went, try adding an anecdote(轶事) about the day. This will help when you need to talk about the big things. (例如，当你的父母问你学校过得怎么样时，除了回答"很好"之外，试着加上一件关于当天的轶事。当你需要谈论大事时，这将会有所帮助)"可知，本段主要讲述了要与父母真正地有内容的交谈，而非表面上的闲聊或敷衍。D项"This means taking part in real conversations with your parents. (这意味着和你的父母进行真实的对话。)"符合本段主旨，该选项阐述了小标题"Actually talk.(真正地交谈)"所要表达的意思，选项中的代词"This"指代小标题。故选D项。
38. 答案：G
解析：根据本段小标题"Ask them about their day. (问问他们这一天过得怎么样)"和下文"If they're stay-home parents, ask them about how the day at home went. (如果他们是全职父母，问问他们在家里过得怎么样)"可知，此处是在举例怎么开始谈话。G项"If they are workers, ask about their jobs. (如果他们是工人，询问他们的工作。)"符合主题，与设空处后一句的句式结构相同。故选G。
39. 答案：B
解析：根据上文"When we say small things, we mean things like helping clear the dinner table, helping put away groceries, and not leaving personal belongings around the house. Those are little things, all of them. (当我们说小事时，我们指的是帮助清理餐桌，帮助收拾杂货，不把私人物品放在家里。这些都是小事)"可知，C项"But, if you do those things, you'll build up lots of goodwill. (但是，如果你做了这些事情，你会建立很多善意。)"是在说明，做了上文所说的小事情能够带来的好的结果，且和前文构成转折关系。故选C。
40. 答案：C
解析：根据上文"What we mean here is the basic stuff you hear from adults all the time — show up for school, or be respectful to teachers. (我们这里的意思是你一直从成年人那里听到的基本的东西——去上学，或者尊重老师)"可知，此处说明了你应该完成重要的事情，也就是你经常听成年人说到的事情，例如，好好上学、尊重老师，下文"That will be okay, because — based on tips 1-2 — you'll be able to communicate about those things, clear up misunderstandings, and do better next time. (没关系，因为基于1—2条建议，你将能够就这些事情进行沟通，消除误解，并在下次做得更好)"指出：那也没关系，因为根据前两点建议，你能够好好沟通这些事情，消除误解，下次做得更好。B项"We know you're not perfect and you will make mistakes.(我们知道你不是完美的，你会犯错误。)"切题。下文中的"those things"指代B项中的"mistakes"。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
41. 答案：A
解析：根据上文"At the start of the term he divided the class into two groups"和下文"each group would be graded differently"可知，教授把学生们分成了两个组，并"解释"了分组的原因。故选A。promise承诺；command 要求；suggest建议。 故选A。
42. 答案：D
解析：根据上文"Group one would be graded on the total number of pots they could create throughout the term, with a small importance given to"可知，一组的学生主要看数量，而不太看重"质量"。故选D。
43. 答案：C
解析：根据上文"Group two would be graded on just one pot. "可知，第二组的学生整个学期只制作一个陶器。work on表示"从事（某项工作）；继续工作"；look for 寻找；dig out 挖掘；pick out挑选出。故选C。
44. 答案：B
解析：根据下文"There is also something in trying to be perfect all the time. Perfectionism can cause us to be very of ourselves and our work. "可知，教授要求第二组一学期只做一个陶器，使它"完美"。impressive表示"令人赞叹的"，与 perfect 意义最接近。故选B。
45. 答案：C
解析：根据上文"At the end of the term"可知，已经到了学期末，因此学生们把他们制作的陶器"上交"给老师。turn in表示 "交上"。show off炫耀；show up显现 出来，露面；turn out 结果证明。故选C。
46. 答案：D
解析：根据上文"To the professor's joy, the five highest quality pots all came from the group"和下文"on quantity over quality"可知，让教授高兴的是，五个质量最 高的陶器都来自"关注"数量重于质量的组。 focus on表示"关注"。carry on继续；hold on 等一下；look on旁观。故选D。
47. 答案：A
解析：根据上文可知，质量最高的五个作品来自一组，并结合"In fact"和选项可以推断，第二组学生的作品是"糟糕的"。故选A。
48. 答案：B
解析：根据下文"As a result, failure can be an amazingly effective teacher if we allow it to be."可知，一遍遍地做一件事情，并从错误中学习是很有"价值"的。故选B。
49. 答案：C
解析：根据下文"As a result, failure can be an amazingly effective teacher if we allow it to be."和最后一段第三句可知，我们可以从"错误"中学习并逐步提升。故选C。
50. 答案：D
解析：根据下文"but it often leaves a person feeling upset"可知，本段要论述的是追求完美产生的负面影响，harmful 表示"有害的"。故选D。
51. 答案：C
解析：根据下文"Sure, it can produce great results from time to time but it often leaves a person feeling upset. "可以推断，过度追求完美的人对自己和工作都要求"严格"，有时会产生好结果，但常常会让人 感到沮丧。be serious of 表示"对……认真的，严肃的"。be tired of 对……厌烦；be proud of对……感到自豪；be aware of 意识到……。故选C。
52. 答案：A
解析：根据上文"Perfectionism can cause us to be very of ourselves and our work. "可知，完美主义者总是对自己和工作很"严格"，所以作者建议那些追求完美的人要时不时地"允许"自己失败。 故选A。
53. 答案：D
解析：根据上文"Strangely enough"和下文"In the end we may just fail our way into perfection."可知，我们失败得越多， 我们就越能"接近"完美。be close to为固定 短语，表示"接近于……"。故选D。
54. 答案：B
解析：根据上文"It happened because there is big in working at something over and over until you learn from your and gradually improve."可知,我 们是从错误中学习从而得到提升的，所以从 错误中学到的东西是让我们趋于完美的"原 因"，空格前后是因果关系，because of表示 "因为，由于；along with和……一起；regardless of 不管,不顾；instead of而不是。故选B。
55. 答案：B
解析：根据上文内容和下文"In the end we may just fail our way into perfection."可知，我们是在"失败"中前行的。故选B。
第二节
答案：①known②An③length④However⑤possibly⑥have been taken⑦on⑧which⑨themselves⑩unspoiled/unspoilt
56. 答案：known
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：西伯利亚虎是世界上最濒危的动物之一，在中国被称为东北虎。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且Siberian tiger与know为被动关系，应用过去分词。known as是固定搭配，意为"被称为，以……而闻名"。故填known。
57. 答案：An
解析：考查冠词。句意：一只成年雄性可以长到3.3米长，体重可达300公斤。此处泛指"一只成年雄性"，且adult以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an，注意首字母大写。故填An。
58. 答案：length
解析：考查名词。句意：一只成年雄性可以长到3.3米长，体重可达300公斤。in length是固定搭配，意为"长度"。故填length。
59. 答案：However
解析：考查副词。句意：然而，今天它们主要分布在中俄边境，也可能在朝鲜。前后句是转折关系，应用however"然而"，注意首字母大写。故填However。
60. 答案：possibly
解析：考查副词。句意：然而，今天它们主要分布在中俄边境，也可能在朝鲜。此处修饰动词found，应用副词作状语。故填possibly。
61. 答案：have been taken
解析：考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：幸运的是，近年来人们采取了一些措施来拯救这种宏伟的生物，因此它们的数量正在上升。take steps"采取措施"。根据in recent years可知，应用现在完成时；step和take是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，助动词也应用复数。故填have been taken。
62. 答案：on
解析：考查介词。句意：幸运的是，近年来人们采取了一些措施来拯救这种宏伟的生物，因此它们的数量正在上升。on the rise是固定搭配，意为"在增长"。故填on。
63. 答案：which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：动物园里也有相当多的西伯利亚虎，其中一些有望被重新引入野外。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Siberian tigers，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
64. 答案：themselves
解析：考查代词。句意：当然，它们需要学习如何捕猎和照顾它们自己，这说起来容易做起来难。结合句意和主语为they可知，此处表示"它们自己"，用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。
65. 答案：unspoiled/unspoilt
解析：考查形容词。句意：目前，没有足够的未受破坏的森林来支持将许多西伯利亚虎重新引入野外。此处修饰名词forest，应用形容词unspoiled/unspoilt"未受破坏的"作定语。故填unspoiled或unspoilt。
第四部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Anna,
Hearing that you plan to participate in the "Thirsty Earth" poster show activity, I feel happy for you and also honored to have the opportunity to offer some tips.
Firstly, it's important to make an eye-catching headline or slogan that helps people figure out the theme of water protection. Besides, adding pictures is strongly recommended to make the poster vivid. Last but not least, I hope you can find some related information of the present water situation on the earth and put it in simple sentences to cultivate people's awareness.
I hope my tips can be of help to you .Wish you a success in your poster design.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Every day after school, Antonio started his plan. Cold and hungry, Antonio wandered around, searching for nail bags carefully from one street to another. To save more money, the determined boy even decided to deliver papers in the early morning. Every coin he won went to the soda tin, his treasured "bank", and then all the tiredness disappeared magically. Each time he passed by, the brooch in the shop window would remind him what he did was worthwhile. Day by day, his soda tin became heavier and heavier. Six weeks passed before he even knew it. Then approached Christmas Eve.
The day finally came! Antonio stole into his room and cautiously took out the soda tin, poured all the coins out and began to count. Five dollars and twenty cents! He counted it a second time, and no mistake. His hard work eventually paid off! Holding the soda tin firmly, Antonio rushed for the shop without a second's delay. Wearing the beautiful brooch and knowing the story behind it, Susan was too overjoyed to utter a word. She just threw her arms tightly around her beloved son. "Merry Christmas, Mom", the son announced proudly. "You too." the proud mother echoed. Well, no dream is out of reach for a willing heart.

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