资源简介

(共32张PPT)
Unit 4 Space Exploration
Reading for Writing
IMPORTAINT POINT
Learning Objectives
To work out the main idea and structure of the text.
To learn the features of argumentation.
To write an argumentation.
1. What can you see
in the picture
2. Where do you think
the picture was
taken
3. Who do you think
took this picture
4. Do you know
anything about
NASA
spiral
rainband
Read for main idea
1. Main idea of each paragraph.
2. Which is the structure of the
passage
General
Particular
General
Different opinions about space exploration
3. What style is this passage
narrative
B. exposition
C. argumentation
Tip1: Argumentation is the type of writing in which writers try to encourage readers to accept their point of view on a controversial(有争论的，有争议的） issue.
Read for structure
1 What genre is this article （题材）
2 What is the issue(议题)
It’s an argumentative essay.
Is exploring space a waste or not
Tip 1:Topic sentence is usually the first or the last sentence.
Pick out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
1. What is the main idea of the passage
It is to present an idea that exploring space __________________________________.
2. What’s the author’s attitude to exploring space？
A. Supportive． B. Objective．
C. Neutral． D. Negative．
helps us in many ways/ benefits us a lot
√
Answer the questions
Read the first paragraph and underline the different opinions about space exploration.
different opinions
Read for organization and features
Q: Which sentence is the thesis statement (论文观点)
However
Structure
However
General
Particular
General
Firstly
Secondly
Finally
In closing
Thesis statement (论文观点)
Argument1
Firstly, ...
Argument 2
Secondly , ...
Argument 3
Finally , ...
Conclusion
In closing, ...
Tip2 表示递进关系的过渡词：what’s more, as well, moreover, besides, furthermore, in addition, what’s worse , apart from that etc.
Tip3 表示总结的过渡词：on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short, in conclusion, in brief, from what I have said above etc.
Structure
Read for organization and features
Para1
Para2
Para3
Para4
Para5
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.
Some people argue that we should stop.... However, others feel this is a shallow view...
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Different points
Different benefits
To summarize the argument
To repeat the point
Pick out the topic sentence of each paragraph.
Fast-reading
Language features
Some people argue that
However, others feel this is a shallow view....
Firstly,
Secondly,
Finally,
First of all, above all, to start with, what's more, besides, in addition, apart from that, last but not least
In closing,
in short, in a word, in conclusion, to sum up, in brief
Main idea of para 1 & para 5
Structure
Para 1: However, others feel this is a
shallow view which fails to realize
how exploring space helps us.
Para 5: In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
However
Firstly
Secondly
Finally
In closing
Tip4: In conclusion, the writer repeats his opinion.
Read for organization and features
Then the data _______________ scientists on Earth.
1. How does exploring space help to fight against world hunger
2. What transitional words are used here to show the reasoning process
It has directly __________ the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
resulted in
A number of the satellites record data on land and _____________.
weather patterns
After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful ________________ _____________________
As a result, space-based science _______________ in its efforts to grow _______________ to feed Earth' s increasing population.
is transmitted to
recommendations
has helped farming
enough food
and advice for farmers
reasoning in time order
1. Why are some people against space exploration
2. What has space exploration done for food production
Because they think it is a waste of time and money, and that we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases, instead.
Satellites study land and weather patterns. These studies help farmers grow more crops and warn them about natural disasters before they occur.
Read the argumentative essay about space exploration and answer the questions(Page 44-45).
3. What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
4. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
They made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
Advanced technology developed for space exploration has promoted technological improvements that benefits us all by allowing products to be made to a higher standard.
1. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
2. In what area has it helped What method does the writer use to tell us it？
High-end products ...
help companies make better monitors...
everyday products...
Tip5: transitional words to give an example：for example, for instance, such as, like, take… for example / instance
Using these to list different areas (examples)
By giving examples.
1. What are the world’s problems
2. How has space exploration helped to find ways to solve them
Post-reading
Read and fill.
Different opinions about space exploration
Different benefits of exploring space
Draw a conclusion
Some people argue that we should stop exploring, while others feel this is a ________ view.
It has ______________________ in the fight against world hunger.
It has _____________ technological improvements.
It helps people ______________ the world’s problems.
Exploring space should __________.
shallow
made a difference
promoted
think about
continue
Introduction
Main body
Main body
Main body
Conclusion
The structure of the passage is
general-particular-general(总-分-总）
However
Firstly
Secondly
Finally
In closing
The author used many transitional words to develop in every paragraphs. What are they
Tip4:To make our article more logical , we should use some linking words. （连词）
Summary
Introduction Para1 Different viewpoints
The thesis statement
Body Para 2 Argument 1
Supporting details/Evidence
Para 3 Argument 2
Supporting details/Evidence
Para 4 Argument 3
Supporting details/Evidence
Conclusion
Para 5 Rephrasing the thesis statement
Some people argue that... Instead, …should ….
However, others feel ….
Firstly, …
It has directly resulted in … Then, … After… As a result, ….
Secondly, … has already promoted….
For example, … also… Today, … and…
Finally, … has helped… and even…
… made people realize… In order to …
In closing, … provides … with…
Summary
Are these arguments for or against exploring space
A. There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space toexplore
B. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth willrun out.
C. I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experimentswhen so many people need food.
D. Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people inother ways, too.
Against space exploration:
For space exploration:
A
C
B
D
Use what you have learnt to write about your opinion of space exploration.
1. Are these arguments for or against exploring space Put them in the table below. Then add your own ideas and write your essay.
A There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
B It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
C I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
D Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
For space exploration
B It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
D Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
Against space exploration
A There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
C I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
Writing
最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，探索宇宙不仅能让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展，还可以用来指导农业生产，以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力、物力，影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以上情况写一篇议论文并发表自己的观点。
注意:1.词数120左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
导入主题
阐述正方观点
你的观点
阐述反方观点
Draft
●There is a widespread concern over the issue that+主题
或者Nowadays, 主题 is becoming increasingly popular/serious.
We had an argument over_________________
●Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）
●The opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.
●People take different attitudes towards/ hold different opinions on this problem/this issue.
(1)相关的连接词
on the contary，all in all， in short, generally，worse still，
on the other hand，in conclusion，as aconsequence，also， personally，furthermore，definitely，surely，undoubtedly，obviously，in addition，moreover，consequently，
clearly， besides, as well，in my opinion，for the sake of，
last but not least，to begin with，firstly,secondly...
Some expressions you can use in an argumentative essay
Topic/introduction:
some people argue/believe/maintain that … while others hold the view that…
in one's opinion/in one's view/from one's point of view/from one's perspective…
Body: supporting details
first, second, third, fourth…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…
first of all/at first/to begin with/to start with/in the first place...
in the second place/besides/what's more/last but not least/apart from that/for example…
finally, at last…
Some expressions you can use in an argumentative essay
Conclusion:
in closing/in a word/to conclude/in summary/now I can safely come to the conclusion that+从句…
(2)常用句式
①We have had a discussion about. ..
②Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
③Some people are in favor of/support/are for theidea of doing...
④Some people are against/ disapproveof/don'tsupport the idea of doing. ..
⑤On the one hand.. on the other hand..
⑥In my opinion/ As far as I'm concerned..
⑦There are some truths in both arguments. But I think the advantages of
doing. .. overweigh the disadvantages.
⑧Besides the above mentioned, it might bring about. ..
(3)精彩开头
①Different people have different ideas aboutspace exploration.
②I hold the view that mankind should explorespace.
③Different people look at the question in different ways.
(4)余味结尾
①I hold the belief that space exploration not onlyenables us to understand how
the universe began but also helps us survive well into the future.
②I think we should spend more time and moneyexplring space so as to provide
new and bettersolutions to people's short- term and long-term problems.
Sample writing
Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.
30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile, holding the belief that space exploration is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money.
However, 70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more, with further space research, we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.
As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life.
Present your essay to the rest of the class.
1. Exchange drafts. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partner's draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer's opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors
2. Get your draft back and revise it.
THANK YOU FOR APPRECIATION

展开更多......

收起↑