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2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷02（新高考通用）
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much should the woman pay for the shirt
A． 20. B． 30. C． 35.
【答案】B
【原文】W: The shirt is great. But 35 pounds is too much. I’ll offer you 20 pounds for it.
M: No. It’s cheap. I promise you. I suppose I can knock five pounds off.
W: OK. I’ll take it.
2．What course will the woman take
A．Spanish. B．Photography. C．Art.
【答案】B
【原文】M: So, are you going to join my Spanish course this year
W: Well, I put my name down, but I’ve changed my mind. A friend of mine is taking up photography. And I think I’ll join him.
M: I didn’t have you down as the artistic type.
3．Who will the girl be with on Friday evening
A．The man. B．Amanda. C．Mary.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Mary and I will go to a concert on Friday evening. Would you come
W: I’d love to, but I’ve promised to go to the movies with Amanda.
M: Well, perhaps some other time.
4．When will the woman’s mother probably arrive
A．At about 12:00 p. m. B．At about 3:00 p. m. C．At about 6:00 p. m.
【答案】C
【原文】M: What time is your mother arriving
W: She was supposed to catch the noon bus, but she called me to say she missed it. So she plans to take the 3:00 bus, which will get her here around dinner time.
5．How does the man sound in the end
A．Annoyed. B．Worried. C．Patient.
【答案】A
【原文】M : Excuse me, Madam. I can’t find my umbrella.
W : Are you sure you looked for it carefully
M : There are many things waiting for me to deal with, so I’m in a hurry! Your attitude made me confused. Next time I don’t think I’ll go into your shop.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man’s job probably
A．A tour guide. B．A ship captain. C．A sea port manager.
7．Which country is the woman from
A．China. B．Singapore C．Italy.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】M: Welcome to the busiest seaport in the world—the Port of Shanghai is essential to the connection of our planet.
W: I’m just a student now, but I hope to manage a shipping port like you one day.
M: Great—I was just like you, at your age. I’d love to explain this port’s role in global trade more clearly.
W: Thanks. I’ve only studied the Port of Singapore in my hometown.
M: Yes, that city’s port, from which you just arrived, is an important link for Shanghai’s trade. This critical route connects through Singapore, onto India and Africa, and ends in Italy or beyond.
W: I heard this port dates back to 1842—is that true
M: Exactly. Now, over 30 million units are processed yearly, with a couple thousand ships departing every month.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What kind of food will the speakers have this week
A．Japanese food. B．Chinese food. C．Thai food.
9．When will the speakers get together
A．On Friday. B．On Thursday. C．On Wednesday.
【答案】8．B 9．A
【原文】M: Let’s go out for a meal one day this week.
W: Good idea! What kind of food do you like Thai food or Japanese food
M: Neither. Do you like Chinese food
W: I love it. We could try that new Chinese restaurant in James Street.
M: Fine. Are you doing anything on Wednesday evening
W: Yes, I have to work late.
M: Are you free on Thursday
W: The end of the week is probably better for me.
M: How about Friday
W: That’s fine. It’ll be busy so we’d better book right now.
M: Sure. I’ll do it now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What does Mary probably do
A．A manager. B．A housewife. C．A student.
11．What did Tom think of the film
A．Terrible. B．Wonderful. C．Just so-so.
12．What happened to the couple in the end
A．They had to work even harder.
B．They bought a house of their own.
C．They continued to live with the wife’s mother.
【答案】10．C 11．A 12．B
【原文】W: Hi, Tom, did you go to see a film last night
M: Yes, I went there with Tony.
W: How did you like the film
M: Rather bad, Mary, you can’t imagine it. It was a complete waste of time. It was about a married couple. They lived with the wife’s mother because they didn’t have enough money to buy a house of their own.
W: A lot of young people have to do that today.
M: Yes, but the husband had to work overtime 3 times a week. So he was always tired out.
W: It sounds miserable.
M: Not really. Later, his wife was able to find a good job as a manager in a company. So in the end, they were able to buy a house. And he didn’t have to work hard any more. Stupid, wasn’t it
W: I don’t know. Anyway, I don’t want to see the film. I’m so busy with my exams.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．How does Mark go to work
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car.
14．What does Mark usually do on weekends
A．Make cakes. B．Cook for himself. C．Order Chinese food.
15．When does Lily eat out
A．When she wants to try different food.
B．When she has a busy day at work.
C．When her husband is too busy to cook.
16．What does Lily think of restaurants in the city
A．Popular. B．Wonderful. C．Expensive.
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．C 16．B
【原文】W: This is a lovely house! Mark. Thanks for having me over.
M: Thank you, Lily.
W: It’s very close to work, isn’t it
M: Yes, it is. I always walk to work—even when it rains! The crowdedness on the bus is a deal breaker for me.
W: I usually drive my car. It takes so long!
M: How long does it take
W: Oh, it takes about 50 minutes.
M: That is a long time. Well, have some cake I made. I usually cook at home at the weekend, especially the Chinese food.
W: This is delicious! You’re a wonderful cook!
M: Thank you. It’s nothing really. Do you cook at home
W: I never cook. My husband, David, usually does all the cooking.
M: Do you often go out to eat
W: Yes, when he doesn’t have time to cook, we go out to eat somewhere.
M: There are some wonderful restaurants in the city that are not that expensive.
W: Yes. So many! You can eat at a different restaurant every day. Monday—Chinese, Tuesday—Italian, Wednesday—Mexican, on and on…
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Why is the competition place changed
A．It is going to rain tomorrow.
B．The original place is too cold.
C．The original place is too far away.
18．Where will the swimming competition be held
A．At the Johnson Sports Center.
B．At the school swimming pool.
C．At the New Town Swimming Pool.
19．When will the students set off for the competition
A．At 9:40 am. B．At 9:45 am. C．At 10:00 am.
20．What should the students take to the competition place
A．Cameras. B．Lunch. C．Cold drinks.
【答案】17．A 18．A 19．C 20．B
【详解】
Boys and girls, may I have your attention, please This is a message for students from Senior 1 to Senior 2. It is going to rain tomorrow, so the swimming competition will not be held at the New Town Swimming Pool as planned. It will be held at the Johnson Sports Center, which is a little bit far. So we need to take buses to get there. The buses will be leaving school at 10: 00 am to take you to the center. It’s about a 25-minute ride. You will be returning to school at 3:15 pm, in time to catch your usual buses home.
Now here are the travelling arrangements for tomorrow. Students in Senior 1 and their teachers should wait together at the front gate at 9:45 am to get on the first three buses. Students in Senior 2 and their teachers should wait together in front of the library at 9:45 am to get on the last three buses. Remember which bus you are going to take and bring lunch with you. Cold drinks will be available at the Johnson Sports Center. That’s all. Thank you!
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Magazines make great reading materials for kids. Libraries often have a large selection of periodicals (期刊) for every age group and reading level, and for many areas of interest. And some magazines may even have issues going back years and even decades! Below is a list of some of them!
Military Kids Life
It is about finding the bright side of life as a military kid! Inside each quarterly issue, your child will encounter inspiring stories, articles, and photographs! (8 to 16 years)
Faces
With articles, folk tales, and hands-on projects, Faces magazine takes young readers around the world for an honest and objective view of how children in other regions live. (9 to 14 years)
Make
Make magazine publishes tested projects, skill-building tutorials, in-depth reviews and inspirational stories, accessible by all ages and skill ranges. (9 to 18 years)
Brio
Brio magazine for teen girls has a fresh new look that includes more pages filled with inspiring profiles, cultural insights, health & beauty tips, faith-filled features and added fun! (13 to 18 years)
Please note: Though all the magazines on this list are written for children, some issues may contain content that you may feel inappropriate for your child. As always, please review all reading materials before giving them to your child to read.
21．Which magazine can help develop kids’ international awareness
A．Military Kids Life. B．Faces. C．Make. D．Brio.
22．What can be learned from the text
A．Only magazines for kids are accessible in libraries.
B．Some magazines have long-ago issues in libraries.
C．All the magazines have inspiring stories.
D．All the magazines are proper for children.
23．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To inform. B．To argue. C．To entertain. D．To persuade.
【答案】21．B 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况。
21．细节理解题。根据Faces部分的“With articles, folk tales, and hands-on projects, Faces magazine takes young readers around the world for an honest and objective view of how children in other regions live. (9 to 14 years)(通过文章、民间故事和实践项目，Faces杂志让世界各地的年轻读者诚实客观地了解其他地区儿童的生活方式。（9至14岁）)”可知，Faces能帮助培养孩子们的国际意识。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“And some magazines may even have issues going back years and even decades!(有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！)”可知，有些杂志有过刊，故选B。
23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Libraries often have a large selection of periodicals (期刊) for every age group and reading level, and for many areas of interest. And some magazines may even have issues going back years and even decades! Below is a list of some of them!(图书馆通常有大量的期刊可供选择，适合每个年龄段和阅读水平，以及许多兴趣领域。有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！下面是其中的一些列表！)”可知，本文主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况，因此本文的目的是告知这些杂志的情况，故选A。
B
Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock.
Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully focused. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert, and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.
As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬崖), I saw how you could learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to adjust their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful “language”.
My progress happened when I worked for the Caingorms National Park Authority.Guiding my explorations into this strange new landscape was Nan Shepherd, a lady too. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal achievement. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own curiosity, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing oneself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could develop a person into another way of being.
Spending so much time in high and st ony places has transformed my view on the world and our place in it. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land.
24．What does the writer find important in climbing
A．Balance. B．Concentration.
C．Determination. D．Perseverance.
25．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd
A．Climbing goes together with nature.
B．Every mountain top is within reach.
C．The best climber is the one having fun.
D．You can not achieve high unless you change.
26．What does the underlined word“it”in the last paragraph refer to
A．Time. B．Transformation. C．The world. D．My view.
27．Why does the author like rock climbing
A．It challenges her to compete with men.
B．It allows her a unique attitude toward rock.
C．It teaches her how to possess a new language.
D．It makes her feel connected with the earth.
【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者喜欢攀岩，以及作者对攀岩的理解和从攀岩中得到的感悟。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On the rock, I am fully focused. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert, and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.(在岩石之上，我全神贯注。眼睛密切注视，耳朵警觉倾听，双手在表面游走。与行走时可以心不在焉地悠然漫步不同，攀岩时，专注观察至关重要)”可知，作者发现攀岩时专注很重要。故选B项。
25．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements.(Shepherd将山视为一个完整的环境，并且她赞美凯恩戈姆山是一个充满植物、岩石、动物和自然元素的地方)”可知，作者从Shepherd身上学到攀登与大自然融为一体。故选A项。
26．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Spending so much time in high and stony places has transformed my view on the world and our place in it.(在高处多石的地方呆了这么长时间，改变了我对世界和我们在其中的地位的看法)”可知，此处指作者通过爬山改变了对世界和自身在世界中的地位的看法，it指代前文的“世界”。故选C项。
27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Working with gravity, geology, rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land.(与重力、地质、气候节奏及深远的时间长河合作，我与地球建立起一种实际的关系。这种纽带正是我对攀岩热情的核心所在。我回归岩石，因为在这里，我能感受到与我们脚下这片土地的联系)”可知，攀岩使她感到与大地相连。故选D项。
C
To Swedes, the scent of surstr mming (鲱鱼罐头) is pleasant, but to most others, it’s sickening. This contrast highlights the role of culture in shaping our perceptions (见解) of scent. However, researchers now suggest that biology might play a more significant role than previously thought.
Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells.
The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people, including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed.
Interestingly, the chemical composition of the smells accounted for 41% of the reactions, while cultural factors only explained 6%. It is quite different in the case of visual perception of faces, where a person’s culture makes up 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful. Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked.
This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. It challenges the idea that culture alone determines what we find pleasant or unpleasant and opens up new ways of exploring the biological basis of our senses.
28．What is the initial purpose of the research
A．To explore how culture affects our sense of smell.
B．To prove all people enjoy the scent of surstr mming.
C．To examine geography plays a role in scent perception.
D．To confirm biology has an influence on scent perception.
29．How did the researchers conduct the research
A．By making questionnaire surveys. B．By recording participants’ reactions.
C．By comparing cultural backgrounds. D．By referring to previous study reports.
30．The underlined “eye of the beholder” effect mentioned in the research refers to ________.
A．the standard of beauty across different cultures
B．the role of culture in shaping our sense of smell
C．the impact of personal preferences on scent perception
D．the influence of outside factors on our visual preference
31．What can be inferred from the participants’ reactions to isovaleric acid
A．They were familiar with isovaleric acid beforehand.
B．They hated isovaleric acid all due to its unpleasant smell.
C．Their reactions to the scent of isovaleric acid varied among cultures.
D．Their dislike for isovaleric acid was based more on biological factors.
【答案】28．A 29．B 30．C 31．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一项新的研究表明，文化可能会显著影响人们对气味的偏好，而我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段“Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells. (瑞典卡罗琳斯卡研究所的神经科学家阿廷·阿尔沙米安和牛津大学的心理学家阿西法·马吉德从他们之前的工作中注意到，来自不同文化的人对气味的描述不同。他们还从其他研究人员过去的实验中了解到，文化在决定人们认为哪种面孔美丽方面很重要。因此，他们预计气味也会出现类似的现象。)”可知，研究的最初目的是要探究文化是如何影响我们的嗅觉的。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people, including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. (研究人员进行了一项涉及九个不同群体的研究，其中包括墨西哥的狩猎采集者、厄瓜多尔的农民以及墨西哥城和曼谷等城市的居民。他们被呈现出十种气味，从异戊酸到香草提取物，并被要求根据愉悦程度对其进行评分。结果显示，不同培养物的一致性很高，异戊酸普遍不受欢迎，香草提取物大多受欢迎。)”可知，研究人员把参与者们对不同气味的反应记录下来了。故选B。
30．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked. (与此同时，研究人员在我们对气味的感知中发现了一种“旁观者的眼睛”效应。这种现象虽然没有视觉感知那么明显，但代表了受个人文化外部影响而形成的个人偏好，占人们喜欢的气味差异的54%。)”可知，这里提到“旁观者的眼睛”效应指的是个人偏好对气味的感知是有影响的。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段“The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. (结果显示，不同培养物的一致性很高，异戊酸普遍不受欢迎，香草提取物大多受欢迎。)”和最后一段“This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. (这项研究表明，我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。)”可知，研究表明，我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。所以，人们对异戊酸的厌恶更多地是基于生物学因素。故选D。
D
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change, for instance, many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it. After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish: rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions, they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments, the decisions were made in one of two settings. In the transparent (透明的) setting, decision-makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner. In an ambiguous (模糊的) setting, decision-makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate — although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information. Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner — a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. Other research groups have found promising ways to do this. For instance, we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt-trip them for what they have failed to do. Highlighting recent global achievements, such as healing the ozone (臭氧) layer, can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short, we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
32．Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A．To make easier choices to be a good person.
B．To increase their own benefits more than others’.
C．To avoid the influence of consequences on actions.
D．To get the most benefits without a sense of shame.
33．How can willful ignorance be prevented
A．By focusing less on its morality. B．By stressing its potential threat.
C．By being more positive about oneself. D．By getting people aware of their actions.
34．Which part of the magazine is the passage taken from
A．Culture. B．Environment. C．Psychology. D．Biology.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．The reason for willful ignorance.
B．The results of willful ignorance.
C．The harmful effects of willful ignorance.
D．The influence of willful ignorance on environment.
【答案】32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了故意无知(willful ignorance)的现象，即人们选择不去了解某些信息以避免对自己行为后果的负罪感，并追求个人利益的最大化。研究发现，有些人故意无知事实以逃避罪恶感，而有些人则积极寻求信息以增加对他人的益处。文章提出通过改变道德框架来减少故意无知的发生，并鼓励人们采取更无私和慷慨的行动。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. (我们发现，故意的无知是常见且有害的，40%的人选择“不知道”他们行为的后果，以释放自己的罪恶感，同时最大化自己的利益。)”可知，有些人选择“不知道”他们行为的后果是为了逃避罪恶感，同时最大化自己的利益。因此，他们选择不知道是为了获得最大的利益而不感到羞耻。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第五段中“If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. (如果我们能够避免在决策中强调强烈的道德，它可能会使人们感到较少的威胁，从而减少故意无知。)”可知，减少道德上的强调或压力可以帮助防止有意无知即通过减少对其道德的关注可以防止有意无知。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. (在日常生活中大量存在着故意无知。人们经常睁一只眼闭一只眼，而不去审视自己行为的后果。)”以及通读全文可知，文章介绍的是故意无知的心理现象，即人们选择不去了解某些信息以避免对自己行为后果的负罪感，并追求个人利益的最大化。因此，文章很可能来自心理学杂志。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. (在日常生活中大量存在着故意无知。人们经常睁一只眼闭一只眼，而不去审视自己行为的后果。)”可知，文章介绍的是故意无知的心理现象；同时根据第二段“we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. (我们发现，故意的无知是常见且有害的，40%的人选择“不知道”他们行为的后果，以释放自己的罪恶感，同时最大化自己的利益。)”可知，有些人选择“故意无知”的行为是为了逃避罪恶感，同时最大化自己的利益，即揭示了“故意无知”产生的原因；同时，根据倒数第二段中“If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. (如果我们能够避免在决策中强调强烈的道德，它可能会使人们感到较少的威胁，从而减少故意无知。)”可知，此处指出如何通过改变道德框架来预防故意无知。因此，文章的主要内容是介绍关于故意无知的心理现象，及其形成原因。A选项“The reason for willful ignorance.(故意无知的原因。)”概括文章内容，符合标题。故选A。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. 36
An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 37 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 38 This has held back a lot of research.”
39 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. 40
So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi.
A．Are mushrooms a type of fungus
B．So, why do we know so little about them
C．Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife.
D．The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.
E．“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth.
F．But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.
G．In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants.
【答案】36．B 37．G 38．F 39．D 40．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。
36．上文“Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。
37．根据上文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。
38．上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lot of research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。
39．根据下文“‘A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, ‘but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。
40．根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainsworth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge underground network”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dad often says that hope is everywhere. In his fifties, he lost his job. But he managed to get the chance of a newspaper delivery. It became a family 41 . Dad drove around delivering the papers most weekday mornings. We all helped.
Delivering papers is one of the most 42 jobs you can imagine. I was young, but I always worked. When I was 43 enough to drive, Dad bought a car that I was 44 to drive to high school. My brothers and sister were all 45 and living away by this time. So I became the No.2 46 on Sunday mornings. Not only would I 47 the papers, but I would jump into the car and drive a section of the 48 . Mike was a hired worker, a year younger than me. We worked with 49 and my parents really trusted us.
The paper delivery, though very hard work, gave me many things. First, it 50 me with my father in a way that I 51 needed. He trusted my driving 52 , and gave me directions on how to drive down icy steep streets in winter. I felt I was a 53 member of my family. Besides, I learned to love the early morning sounds of the city, the awesome quiet of 54 neighborhoods, and the relationship that only two teenagers working together could ever 55 .
41．A．decision B．business C．command D．union
42．A．amusing B．exciting C．interesting D．tiring
43．A．old B．strong C．clever D．brave
44．A．advised B．forced C．ordered D．allowed
45．A．retired B．dismissed C．married D．separated
46．A．father B．manager C．ruler D．driver
47．A．write down B．deal with C．clear up D．speak out
48．A．route B．station C．circle D．pace
49．A．explanation B．reputation C．responsibility D．quantity
50．A．equipped B．connected C．distanced D．greeted
51．A．badly B．partly C．merely D．rarely
52．A．lessons B．licenses C．abilities D．attitudes
53．A．soft B．stupid C．performing D．contributing
54．A．laughing B．sleeping C．working D．talking
55．A．form B．destroy C．ruin D．observe
【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．D 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的爸爸在失业后，通过送报纸维持家庭生计，并带着作者一起参与送报工作。这项工作虽然辛苦，但让作者学会了独立，与爸爸建立了更深的联系，并享受到了清晨城市的声音和邻里间的宁静。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它变成了一项家族业务。A. decision决定；B. business生意，业务；C. command命令；D. union联盟。根据上文“a newspaper delivery”和下文“Dad drove around delivering the papers most weekday mornings. We all helped.”可知，爸爸送报纸，家里所有人都帮忙，成了一项家族业务。故选B项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：送报纸是你能想象到的最累的工作之一。A. amusing逗人发笑的；B. exciting令人激动的；C. interesting有趣的；D. tiring累人的。根据最后一段中“The paper delivery, though very hard work, gave me many things.”可知，送报纸是艰苦的工作，很累人。故选D项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我长大到可以开车的时候，爸爸买了一辆车，允许我开车去高中。A. old年纪大的；B. strong强壮的；C. clever聪明的；D. brave勇敢的。结合常识和下文“enough to drive”可知，必须达到一定年龄才能开车；old enough“年龄足够大”。故选A项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我长大到可以开车的时候，爸爸买了一辆车，允许我开车去高中。A. advised建议；B. forced强迫；C. ordered命令；D. allowed允许。根据上文“Dad bought a car”和下文“to drive to high school”可知，爸爸买了车，允许作者开车去学校。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的哥哥姐姐这时都结婚了，住在外地。A. retired退休的；B. dismissed解雇的；C. married结婚的；D. separated分居的。根据下文“living away”可推知，哥哥姐姐已经结婚，住在外地。故选C项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我成了周日早上的二号司机。A. father父亲；B. manager经理；C. ruler统治者；D. driver司机。根据下文“but I would jump into the car and drive a section of the 8 ”可知，作者还要帮忙开车，所以是送报纸的二号司机。故选D项。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不仅要处理这些报纸，还会跳进车里，开上一段。A. write down写下；B. deal with处理；C. clear up清理；D. speak out大声说出。根据上文可知，作者帮助爸爸送报纸，所以他需要处理报纸。故选B项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅要处理这些报纸，还会跳进车里，开上一段。A. route路线；B. station车站；C. circle圆圈；D. pace步伐。根据上文“drive a section”可知，是开送报路线上的一段路程。故选A项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们工作时很负责任，父母也很信任我们。A. explanation解释；B. reputation名声；C. responsibility责任；D. quantity数量。根据下文“my parents really trusted us”可推知，因为作者和迈克工作很有责任感，所以父母信任他们。故选C项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，它让我和建立爸爸良好关系，这是我非常需要的。A. equipped配备；B. connected(与某人)建立良好关系；C. distanced使疏远；D. greeted打招呼。根据上文可知，作者陪着爸爸送报纸，在一起的时间很多，结合“with my father”可推知，送报让作者与爸爸建立了良好关系。故选B项。
51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：首先，它让我和建立爸爸良好关系，这是我非常需要的。A. badly很，非常；B. partly部分地；C. merely仅仅；D. rarely很少地。根据上文“my parents really trusted us”和下文“He trusted my driving...”可推知，作者反复提及爸爸的信任，说明他认为和爸爸建立良好关系这很重要，是自己非常需要的。故选A项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他信任我的驾驶能力，并指导我在冬天如何在冰冷陡峭的街道上开车。A. lessons课程；B. licenses执照；C. abilities能力；D. attitudes态度。根据下文“gave me directions on how to drive down icy steep streets”可知，爸爸信任作者的驾驶能力，所以才敢指导他在冰冷陡峭的街道上开车。故选C项。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我是对家庭有贡献的一员。A. soft柔软的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. performing表演的；D. contributing有贡献的。根据上文可知，作者一直帮助爸爸送报，要整理报纸，要开车，由此推知，他觉得自己是对家庭有贡献的一员。故选D项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我学会了喜欢城市清晨的声音，喜欢沉睡的社区令人敬畏的寂静，喜欢只有两个青少年在一起工作才能形成的关系。A. laughing笑；B. sleeping睡觉；C. working工作；D. talking谈话。根据上文“awesome quiet”可推知，沉睡的社区才会寂静。故选B项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我学会了喜欢城市清晨的声音，喜欢沉睡的社区令人敬畏的寂静，喜欢只有两个青少年在一起工作才能形成的关系。A. form形成；B. destroy破坏；C. ruin毁灭；D. observe观察。根据上文“the relationship”和“two teenagers working together”可知，两个在一起工作的青少年形成了很好的关系。故选A项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Putian wood carving, one of the four well-known categories of the art of Chinese wood carving, originated in the Tang and Song Dynasties. 56 （serve）as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) item in China, it is a traditional folk carving technique of southeast China’s Fujian Province.
Zheng Chunhui, Lin Jianjun and Chen Yushu 57 (be) three exceptional representatives of wood carving masters. Zheng is 58 provincial-level inheritor (继承人) of the wood carving art, 59 not only excels (擅长) in traditional wood carving technique, but 60 (precise) expresses his love for his family and nation through his works. To promote the art, Zheng opened a unique wood carving gallery, which is the 61 (one) in Putian run by an individual and free to the public. The delicate wood carving works by Lin shone at a BRICS summit (峰会) several years ago. and meanwhile, the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces that are made by Chen 62 (show) at many international exhibitions over the past few years.
Putian city is home 63 over 2,600 wood carving companies, and the wood carving works 64 (create) there were sold to more than 20 65 (country) and regions around the world last year.
【答案】
56．Serving 57．are 58．a 59．who 60．precisely 61．first 62．have been shown 63．to 64．created 65．countries
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莆田木雕以及其代表人物。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：莆田木雕是中国木雕艺术四大知名门类之一，起源于唐宋时期，它是中国国家非物质文化遗产，是中国东南部福建省的一种传统民间雕刻技术。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，it指代Putian wood carving，和serve为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Serving。
57．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：郑春辉、林建军、陈玉树是木雕大师的三位杰出代表。句子在陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are。
58．考查冠词。句意：郑是省级木雕艺术传承人，他不仅擅长传统的木雕技术，而且通过他的作品准确地表达了他对家庭和民族的爱。空处泛指“一个传承人”用不定冠词，且provincial首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
59．考查定语从句。句意：郑是省级木雕艺术传承人，他不仅擅长传统的木雕技术，而且通过他的作品准确地表达了他对家庭和民族的爱。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词inheritor，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
60．考查副词。句意：郑是省级木雕艺术传承人，他不仅擅长传统的木雕技术，而且通过他的作品准确地表达了他对家庭和民族的爱。副词precisely作状语修饰动词 expresses。故填precisely。
61．考查序数词。句意：为了推广木雕艺术，郑开设了一个独特的木雕画廊，这是莆田第一个由个人经营并免费向公众开放的画廊。定冠词the修饰序数词，空处需填序数词first表示次序。故填first。
62．考查动词时态。句意：几年前，林的精致木雕作品在金砖国家峰会上大出风头，与此同时，陈制作的中国风格的古董家具在过去几年里也在许多国际展览上展出。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces和show为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been shown。
63．考查介词。句意：莆田市有2600多家木雕企业，去年创作的木雕作品销往世界20多个国家和地区。be home to为固定搭配，意为“是……的所在地”。故填to。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the wood carving works，create和the wood carving works为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填created。
65．考查名词。句意：莆田市有2600多家木雕企业，去年创作的木雕作品销往世界20多个国家和地区。more than 20修饰名词复数countries。故填countries。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括：
1、活动的时间和地点；
2、活动的内容；
3、期待参与。
注意：
1、词数80左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
【答案】NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
Our society is rapidly changing. We teenagers are eager to show our talents. To meet the desire, a photo exhibition called “Contemporary teenager’s life” will be held at 3 p.m. next Sunday in our school hall. The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers.
We eagerly hope for your participation in the exciting event.
Student Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校学生会计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。要求考生按照要求写一则通知发布在校英语网站上。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望：are eager to→ are thirsty for
旨在：be meant to→ be designed to
欣赏：appreciate→admire
捕获：capturing→ catching
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers.
拓展句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs which will capture the lives and talents of modern teenagers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. (使用了现在分词capturing充当后置定语)
【高分句型2】Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two weeks after my husband and I moved into our new house, he went abroad on a business trip that would take a year. This was the first time I had had to take care of our three-year-olds son Cameron and four-month-old baby Colby alone for so long. I had met a few neighbors, including Karen, Tim and Mike in our new neighborhood, but everyone was busy with their careers. We hardly even spoke.
One afternoon, I glanced out the window and noticed something strange. I walked outside and saw a light green colour in the sky that made my hair stand on end. Before long, the tornado sirens (龙卷风报警器) sounded. I turned on the news to learn of a tornado forming above our town. I was nervous and scared.
“Get into your storm shelters immediately. If you don’t have one, go into a bathroom in your house,” the weatherman soon announced. I rushed to the kids’ room. “We need to get into the bathroom. There’s a big storm outside, and we’ll be safe in here,” I said, trying to sound brave. I then tried hard to pull a mattress over us, but it wouldn’t stay. The baby was crying; the dog was barking. I could hear the wind roaring outside. Fear hit me like never before. I felt anxious and completely alone as the tornado sirens screamed in the distance.
Suddenly, the doorbell rang. It was our neighbour Karen from across the street. “Tim and I are leaving. You and the boys are coming with us,” She said. For a second, I hesitated. Where in the world were they going If they were getting into their car, I think we’d be better off here. It was raining heavily with bright flashes of lightning. It looked like it would be the end of the world. My kids were firghtened, and I was lost and seemed to be in my dream.
注意：1.所续的短文词数150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段。每段开头语以为你写好。
Paragraph 1
I stood before my door in terrible fear, afraid to move.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2.
I found several other neighbors already in Mike’s storm shelter.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I stood before my door in terrible fear, afraid to move. Worry and fear written all over their faces, Karen and Tim were shouting at me to hurry up. However, my mind just went blank, unable to utter a single word. At the sight of my state of panic, Tim quickly grabbed Cameron's hand, threw his jacket over him to protect him, and rushed into the heavy rain. Before I knew it, I followed Karen and ran into the storm. Cold rain hit us and lightning screamed as we ran down the darkened street through deep puddles. After what seemed ages, we arrived. In front of us was Milk’s shelter.
I found several other neighbors already in Mike’s storm shelter. Seeing our arrival, all the neighbors warmly greeted us and welcomed us in. Mike and other neighbors helped me take care of my kids so that I could take a breath. Outside the extremely frightening noise of the roaring wind, heavy rain and tornado sirens continued, but inside, the atmosphere was quiet and warm. The storm connected me with my nice neighbors and I didn't feel alone again. The help and hope of my neighbors were so generously that they enabled me to shine through the darkest moment.
【导语】本文以故事情节发展为线索。作者一家搬到了一个新的社区，两周后她的丈夫出国出差，留下她一个人带着两个孩子，和邻居们不太熟悉，几乎没有说过话。有一天，龙卷风袭来，她非常害怕，不知道怎么办，突然，邻居Karen和Tim来敲门，让她带着孩子和他们一起走，不知道他们要去哪里，但看着风暴越来越大，孩子们很害怕，她感觉自己迷失在梦里了，很是犹豫。最后她还是跟随邻居们离开了家。同时她还发现，同事的避难所已经有别的邻居在了。从中，她感受到了邻居的善良和社区的互助温暖氛围。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我站在门前，非常害怕，不敢动。”可知，第一段可描写作者面对邻居提出的帮忙，邀请她一起走时迷茫的心情，以及最后邻居用行动说服她带着孩子一起顺利到达避难所。
②由第二段首句内容“我发现其他几个邻居已经在迈克的风暴避难所里了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和孩子在避难所和邻居们一起，邻居们照顾孩子，让她感受到了温暖。
2.续写线索：丈夫出差——一个人带两个孩子——遇到龙卷风——不知所措——邻居帮助她——安全逃离
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.跑：rush/run
②.说：shout/utter
③.拒绝：shake his head/decline/refuse politely
情绪类
①.放松下来：take a breath/shine through the darkest moment
②.害怕：fear/frightening/panic
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Before I knew it, I followed Karen and ran into the storm.（before引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. The help and hope of my neighbors were so generously that they enabled me to shine through the darkest moment.（由so…that引导的结果状语从句）2025届新高三开学摸底考试卷02（新高考通用）
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much should the woman pay for the shirt
A． 20. B． 30. C． 35.
2．What course will the woman take
A．Spanish. B．Photography. C．Art.
3．Who will the girl be with on Friday evening
A．The man. B．Amanda. C．Mary.
4．When will the woman’s mother probably arrive
A．At about 12:00 p. m. B．At about 3:00 p. m. C．At about 6:00 p. m.
5．How does the man sound in the end
A．Annoyed. B．Worried. C．Patient.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the man’s job probably
A．A tour guide. B．A ship captain. C．A sea port manager.
7．Which country is the woman from
A．China. B．Singapore C．Italy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What kind of food will the speakers have this week
A．Japanese food. B．Chinese food. C．Thai food.
9．When will the speakers get together
A．On Friday. B．On Thursday. C．On Wednesday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What does Mary probably do
A．A manager. B．A housewife. C．A student.
11．What did Tom think of the film
A．Terrible. B．Wonderful. C．Just so-so.
12．What happened to the couple in the end
A．They had to work even harder.
B．They bought a house of their own.
C．They continued to live with the wife’s mother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．How does Mark go to work
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car.
14．What does Mark usually do on weekends
A．Make cakes. B．Cook for himself. C．Order Chinese food.
15．When does Lily eat out
A．When she wants to try different food.
B．When she has a busy day at work.
C．When her husband is too busy to cook.
16．What does Lily think of restaurants in the city
A．Popular. B．Wonderful. C．Expensive.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Why is the competition place changed
A．It is going to rain tomorrow.
B．The original place is too cold.
C．The original place is too far away.
18．Where will the swimming competition be held
A．At the Johnson Sports Center.
B．At the school swimming pool.
C．At the New Town Swimming Pool.
19．When will the students set off for the competition
A．At 9:40 am. B．At 9:45 am. C．At 10:00 am.
20．What should the students take to the competition place
A．Cameras. B．Lunch. C．Cold drinks.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Magazines make great reading materials for kids. Libraries often have a large selection of periodicals (期刊) for every age group and reading level, and for many areas of interest. And some magazines may even have issues going back years and even decades! Below is a list of some of them!
Military Kids Life
It is about finding the bright side of life as a military kid! Inside each quarterly issue, your child will encounter inspiring stories, articles, and photographs! (8 to 16 years)
Faces
With articles, folk tales, and hands-on projects, Faces magazine takes young readers around the world for an honest and objective view of how children in other regions live. (9 to 14 years)
Make
Make magazine publishes tested projects, skill-building tutorials, in-depth reviews and inspirational stories, accessible by all ages and skill ranges. (9 to 18 years)
Brio
Brio magazine for teen girls has a fresh new look that includes more pages filled with inspiring profiles, cultural insights, health & beauty tips, faith-filled features and added fun! (13 to 18 years)
Please note: Though all the magazines on this list are written for children, some issues may contain content that you may feel inappropriate for your child. As always, please review all reading materials before giving them to your child to read.
21．Which magazine can help develop kids’ international awareness
A．Military Kids Life. B．Faces. C．Make. D．Brio.
22．What can be learned from the text
A．Only magazines for kids are accessible in libraries.
B．Some magazines have long-ago issues in libraries.
C．All the magazines have inspiring stories.
D．All the magazines are proper for children.
23．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To inform. B．To argue. C．To entertain. D．To persuade.
B
Climbing, I once thought, was a very manly activity, but as I found my way into this activity, I came to see that something quite different happens on the rock.
Like wild swimming, rock climbing involves you into the landscape. On the rock, I am fully focused. Eyes pay close attention, ears are alert, and hands move across the surface. Unlike walking, where I could happily wander about absent-mindedly, in climbing, attentive observation is essential.
As an arts student studying English literature, I discovered a new type of reading from outdoor climbing. Going out on to the crags (悬崖), I saw how you could learn to read the rocks and develop a vocabulary of physical movements. Good climbers knew how to adjust their bodies on to the stone. Watching them, I wanted to possess that skillful “language”.
My progress happened when I worked for the Caingorms National Park Authority.Guiding my explorations into this strange new landscape was Nan Shepherd, a lady too. Unlike the goal-directed mindset of many mountaineers, she is not concerned with peaks or personal achievement. Shepherd sees the mountain as a total environment and she celebrates the Caingorms as a place alive with plants, rocks, animals and elements. Through her generous spirit and my own curiosity, I saw that rock climbing need not be a process of testing oneself against anything. Rather, the intensity of focus could develop a person into another way of being.
Spending so much time in high and st ony places has transformed my view on the world and our place in it. I have come into physical contact with processes that go way beyond the everyday. Working with gravity, geology (地质学), rhythms of weather and deep time, I gain an actual relationship with the earth. This bond lies at the heart of my passion for rock climbing. I return to the rocks, because this is where I feel in contact with our land.
24．What does the writer find important in climbing
A．Balance. B．Concentration.
C．Determination. D．Perseverance.
25．What does the writer learn from Nan Shepherd
A．Climbing goes together with nature.
B．Every mountain top is within reach.
C．The best climber is the one having fun.
D．You can not achieve high unless you change.
26．What does the underlined word“it”in the last paragraph refer to
A．Time. B．Transformation. C．The world. D．My view.
27．Why does the author like rock climbing
A．It challenges her to compete with men.
B．It allows her a unique attitude toward rock.
C．It teaches her how to possess a new language.
D．It makes her feel connected with the earth.
C
To Swedes, the scent of surstr mming (鲱鱼罐头) is pleasant, but to most others, it’s sickening. This contrast highlights the role of culture in shaping our perceptions (见解) of scent. However, researchers now suggest that biology might play a more significant role than previously thought.
Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells.
The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people, including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed.
Interestingly, the chemical composition of the smells accounted for 41% of the reactions, while cultural factors only explained 6%. It is quite different in the case of visual perception of faces, where a person’s culture makes up 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful. Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked.
This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. It challenges the idea that culture alone determines what we find pleasant or unpleasant and opens up new ways of exploring the biological basis of our senses.
28．What is the initial purpose of the research
A．To explore how culture affects our sense of smell.
B．To prove all people enjoy the scent of surstr mming.
C．To examine geography plays a role in scent perception.
D．To confirm biology has an influence on scent perception.
29．How did the researchers conduct the research
A．By making questionnaire surveys. B．By recording participants’ reactions.
C．By comparing cultural backgrounds. D．By referring to previous study reports.
30．The underlined “eye of the beholder” effect mentioned in the research refers to ________.
A．the standard of beauty across different cultures
B．the role of culture in shaping our sense of smell
C．the impact of personal preferences on scent perception
D．the influence of outside factors on our visual preference
31．What can be inferred from the participants’ reactions to isovaleric acid
A．They were familiar with isovaleric acid beforehand.
B．They hated isovaleric acid all due to its unpleasant smell.
C．Their reactions to the scent of isovaleric acid varied among cultures.
D．Their dislike for isovaleric acid was based more on biological factors.
D
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change, for instance, many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it. After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish: rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions, they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments, the decisions were made in one of two settings. In the transparent (透明的) setting, decision-makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner. In an ambiguous (模糊的) setting, decision-makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate — although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information. Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner — a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. Other research groups have found promising ways to do this. For instance, we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt-trip them for what they have failed to do. Highlighting recent global achievements, such as healing the ozone (臭氧) layer, can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short, we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
32．Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A．To make easier choices to be a good person.
B．To increase their own benefits more than others’.
C．To avoid the influence of consequences on actions.
D．To get the most benefits without a sense of shame.
33．How can willful ignorance be prevented
A．By focusing less on its morality. B．By stressing its potential threat.
C．By being more positive about oneself. D．By getting people aware of their actions.
34．Which part of the magazine is the passage taken from
A．Culture. B．Environment. C．Psychology. D．Biology.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．The reason for willful ignorance.
B．The results of willful ignorance.
C．The harmful effects of willful ignorance.
D．The influence of willful ignorance on environment.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. 36
An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. 37 Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. 38 This has held back a lot of research.”
39 “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. 40
So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi.
A．Are mushrooms a type of fungus
B．So, why do we know so little about them
C．Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife.
D．The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them.
E．“Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth.
F．But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab.
G．In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Dad often says that hope is everywhere. In his fifties, he lost his job. But he managed to get the chance of a newspaper delivery. It became a family 41 . Dad drove around delivering the papers most weekday mornings. We all helped.
Delivering papers is one of the most 42 jobs you can imagine. I was young, but I always worked. When I was 43 enough to drive, Dad bought a car that I was 44 to drive to high school. My brothers and sister were all 45 and living away by this time. So I became the No.2 46 on Sunday mornings. Not only would I 47 the papers, but I would jump into the car and drive a section of the 48 . Mike was a hired worker, a year younger than me. We worked with 49 and my parents really trusted us.
The paper delivery, though very hard work, gave me many things. First, it 50 me with my father in a way that I 51 needed. He trusted my driving 52 , and gave me directions on how to drive down icy steep streets in winter. I felt I was a 53 member of my family. Besides, I learned to love the early morning sounds of the city, the awesome quiet of 54 neighborhoods, and the relationship that only two teenagers working together could ever 55 .
41．A．decision B．business C．command D．union
42．A．amusing B．exciting C．interesting D．tiring
43．A．old B．strong C．clever D．brave
44．A．advised B．forced C．ordered D．allowed
45．A．retired B．dismissed C．married D．separated
46．A．father B．manager C．ruler D．driver
47．A．write down B．deal with C．clear up D．speak out
48．A．route B．station C．circle D．pace
49．A．explanation B．reputation C．responsibility D．quantity
50．A．equipped B．connected C．distanced D．greeted
51．A．badly B．partly C．merely D．rarely
52．A．lessons B．licenses C．abilities D．attitudes
53．A．soft B．stupid C．performing D．contributing
54．A．laughing B．sleeping C．working D．talking
55．A．form B．destroy C．ruin D．observe
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Putian wood carving, one of the four well-known categories of the art of Chinese wood carving, originated in the Tang and Song Dynasties. 56 （serve）as a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) item in China, it is a traditional folk carving technique of southeast China’s Fujian Province.
Zheng Chunhui, Lin Jianjun and Chen Yushu 57 (be) three exceptional representatives of wood carving masters. Zheng is 58 provincial-level inheritor (继承人) of the wood carving art, 59 not only excels (擅长) in traditional wood carving technique, but 60 (precise) expresses his love for his family and nation through his works. To promote the art, Zheng opened a unique wood carving gallery, which is the 61 (one) in Putian run by an individual and free to the public. The delicate wood carving works by Lin shone at a BRICS summit (峰会) several years ago. and meanwhile, the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces that are made by Chen 62 (show) at many international exhibitions over the past few years.
Putian city is home 63 over 2,600 wood carving companies, and the wood carving works 64 (create) there were sold to more than 20 65 (country) and regions around the world last year.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括：
1、活动的时间和地点；
2、活动的内容；
3、期待参与。
注意：
1、词数80左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
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Student Union
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Two weeks after my husband and I moved into our new house, he went abroad on a business trip that would take a year. This was the first time I had had to take care of our three-year-olds son Cameron and four-month-old baby Colby alone for so long. I had met a few neighbors, including Karen, Tim and Mike in our new neighborhood, but everyone was busy with their careers. We hardly even spoke.
One afternoon, I glanced out the window and noticed something strange. I walked outside and saw a light green colour in the sky that made my hair stand on end. Before long, the tornado sirens (龙卷风报警器) sounded. I turned on the news to learn of a tornado forming above our town. I was nervous and scared.
“Get into your storm shelters immediately. If you don’t have one, go into a bathroom in your house,” the weatherman soon announced. I rushed to the kids’ room. “We need to get into the bathroom. There’s a big storm outside, and we’ll be safe in here,” I said, trying to sound brave. I then tried hard to pull a mattress over us, but it wouldn’t stay. The baby was crying; the dog was barking. I could hear the wind roaring outside. Fear hit me like never before. I felt anxious and completely alone as the tornado sirens screamed in the distance.
Suddenly, the doorbell rang. It was our neighbour Karen from across the street. “Tim and I are leaving. You and the boys are coming with us,” She said. For a second, I hesitated. Where in the world were they going If they were getting into their car, I think we’d be better off here. It was raining heavily with bright flashes of lightning. It looked like it would be the end of the world. My kids were firghtened, and I was lost and seemed to be in my dream.
注意：1.所续的短文词数150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段。每段开头语以为你写好。
Paragraph 1
I stood before my door in terrible fear, afraid to move.
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Paragraph 2.
I found several other neighbors already in Mike’s storm shelter.
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