2024年中考英语高频考点(一) 高频短语、句型 素材

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2024年中考英语高频考点(一) 高频短语、句型 素材

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中考英语高频考点(一)— 高频短语、句型
一 、高频短语
(带*的为“动词+副词”结构,人称代词作其宾语时应放在动词与副词之间)
get up起床
get married结婚
get into 陷入
get lost 迷路
get to 到达
get dressed 穿上衣服
get ready for 为……做好准备
get on with和睦相处;关系良好
get on上(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
get off下(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
get away from 远离
get out of从……中出来
get mad 大动肝火;气愤
get in the way of挡……的路;妨碍
*turn on 打开
*turn off关掉;关闭
*turn up 调高
*turn down调低;拒绝
turn. .. into把……变成
turn right/left向右/左转
take photos拍照
take action 采取行动
take after像
*take away夺去;拿走
take place发生;出现
*take out 拿出
*take in 吸入
take up 占用;学着做
take off脱去;起飞
take one’s order点菜
take care of照顾;护理
take pride in 为……感到自豪
*take down 拆除;记录下
take it easy别着急;别紧张
take…seriously认真对待……
take one’s temperature量体温
take risks (take a risk)冒险
take sb.'s place 代替某人的位置
take part (in sth.)参加(……)
*put away 收起;收拾好
*put out 熄灭
*put up 搭起;举起;张贴
*put off推迟;拖延
*put on 穿上;上演;发胖
*put down 写下;放下
put sth. to good use好好利用某物
look for 寻找
look forward to盼望
*look up 查;查找
look after 照顾;照管
look through 浏览
look up to 欣赏;仰慕
look back at回首(往事);回顾;回忆
come true 实现
come from 来自
come out 出版;问世;上映
come on快点儿;加油
come up with 想出;提出(主意等)
*try on 试穿
*try out试用;试
try one’s best尽某人最大的努力
*cut out 删除
*cut up 切碎
*cut off 剪掉;切掉;割掉
*cut down 砍倒;削减
lie down躺下
let…down使……失望
*write down记下;写下
*pull down摧毁;拆除
die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
*wake up 醒来;唤醒
hurry up赶快
stay up 熬夜
*fix up修理;装饰
show up 出席;露面
*give up 放弃
end up 最终成为;最后处于
dress up 装扮;乔装打扮
*call up打电话给(某人);征召
*clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
*cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
grow up长大;成熟;成长
*use up 用完;用光;耗尽
*mix up 混合在一起
*pick up接电话;捡起;开车接某人
*set up开办;设立;创办;建立
*lay out摆出;布置
eat out 出去吃饭
*check out察看;观察
*clear out 清理;丢掉
*give out分发;散发
*hand out分发
*blow out吹灭
*sell out 卖光
find out 发现;查明;弄清
run out(of)用尽;耗尽
hang out常去某处;闲逛
bring out使显现/表现出
*work out 成功地发展;解决
help out 帮助(分担困难)
*leave out不包括;不提及;忽略
point out 指出
go out外出(娱乐)
*give away 捐赠
run away 逃跑
*throw away扔掉;丢弃
keep…away from 避免接近;远离
set off/out动身;出发
*shut off关闭
kick sb. off开除某人
go off(警报器等)突然发出巨响
clean…off把……擦掉
be afraid of 害怕
be full of充满
be late for……迟到
be good at 擅长
be angry with 生………的气
be different from 与………不同
be the same as 与………相同
be similar to 与 相似
be famous/known for因………闻名
be famous/known as 作为………而闻名
be friendly/kind to 对………友好
be good for对……有益
be good with 善于应付……
be proud of为……而感到骄傲
be strict about对(某事)要求严格
be strict with对(某人)要求严格
be worried about 为………担忧
be up to是………的职责;由······决定
be interested in对………感兴趣
be used to 习惯于………;适应于……
be born with天生具有
be ready to愿意(做某事);准备好(做某事)
be harmful to 对 有害
be thankful to sb.对某人心存感激
be thirsty for渴望;渴求
be responsible for对……有责任;负责任
be friends with sb.与某人交朋友
be hard on sb.对某人苛刻;对某人要求严厉
be sure about 确信;对………有把握
be filled with 装满
stick to 坚持;固守
thanks to 多亏;由于
belong to 属于
get used to 习惯于
lead to 导致;通向
close to 几乎;接近
used to 曾经………;过去……
pay attention to 注意;关注
bring good luck to 给……带来好运
16. play a part参与(某事),发挥作用
play a role发挥作用;有影响
play chess 下国际象棋
play volleyball/basketball 打排球/篮球
play the drums/piano/violin
敲鼓/弹钢琴/拉小提琴
17. pass by路过;经过
drop by 顺便访问
go by (时间)消逝;过去
18.*make up 编造;编写
make sure 确保;查明
make an effort 做出努力
make a difference 影响;有作用
make one's own decision 自己做决定
make friends (with) (和······)结交朋友
make one's way前往;费力地前行
make the/one's bed整理床铺
make a mess 弄得一团糟
make... feel at home使(某人)感到宾至如归
fall asleep进入梦乡
fall over绊倒
fall down 突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌
fall in love (with)爱上/喜欢上(……)
pay for 支付
wait for等待,等候
care for照顾;非常喜欢
ask……for…请求;恳求(给予)
thank you for 为……而感谢你
prepare for 为……做好准备
21. have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧
have to do with 关于;与……有关系
have nothing against 不反对
have... in common
有相同特征;(想法、兴趣等)相同
have breakfast/lunch/dinner
吃早餐/午餐/晚餐
have a point 有道理
agree with…同意
deal with 处理;应付
compare…with…比较/对比……和……
connect... with...把……和……连接或联系起来
part with放弃、交出( 尤指舍不得的东西)
along with 连同;除……以外还
think of认为,考虑
think about 思考,思索
*think over仔细考虑
laugh at嘲笑
talk back 回嘴;顶嘴
excuse me劳驾;请原谅
depend on 依靠;信赖;取决于
pardon me什么,请再说一遍
show sb. around 带某人参观
help (sb.) with sth.在某方面帮助(某人)
separate from分离;隔开
hear from收到……的来信
stay away from 远离
give... a lift捎(某人)一程
pull together 齐心协力;通力合作
divide... into 把……分成
care about 关心;在意
do a good job 干得好
feel like有……的感觉;想要
run after追逐;追赶
keep one's cool沉住气;保持冷静
worry about 为……担忧
feel free ( 可以)随便(做某事)
do the dishes清洗餐具
bring back恢复;使想起;归还
drive sb. crazy/mad使某人发疯/发狂
go out of one's way特地;格外努力
25. to be honest老实说;说实在的
to start with 一开始;首先
to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是
up to 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有
according to 依据;按照
from…to…从……到……
26. by hand手工
by oneself由某人自己
by mistake 错误地;无意中
by accident偶然;意外地
by the way 顺便问一下
by the time 在……以前
by the end of在(某个时间点)以前
instead of代替;反而
ahead of在……前面
because of因为
a pair of一双
hundreds of许多;大量
thousands of数以千计的;许许多多的
full of满是……的; (有)大量的
a set of 一套
a number of许多;大量
the number of……的数量
plenty of充足;大量
on time准时
on (a) vacation 度假
on duty 值班
on sale 减价销售
on foot步行
on the right/left 在右/左边
on the one hand... on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……
in fact事实上
in the end 最后;终于
in order to 为了
in public 公开地
in time 及时
in person 亲自;本人
in total总共;合计
in half分成两半
in silence 安静地;沉默地
in control of掌管,管理
in front of在……前面
in trouble 处于困境中
in a row 连续几次地
in surprise 吃惊;惊讶
once in a while 间或;偶尔
in one’s opinion按某人的意见;据某人看来
in that case既然那样;假使那样的话
in the face of 面对(问题、困难等)
in (great) danger处于(极大的)危险之中
at first起初;首先
at the same time 同时
at least 至少
at last最后;终于
at once 立刻;马上
at the age of在……岁时
at birth 出生时
at present现在;目前
at the end of...在······的结尾/末端
at the beginning of在……的开始
at the moment此时;现在
less than 少于
a little 一点;少量
hardly ever 几乎从不
for example例如
rather than 而不是
after all毕竟;终归
no matter 不论;无论
more than 多于
as for 至于;关于
as long as只要;既然
as soon as 一……就……
across from在……对面
between…and…在……和……之间
as far as I know 据我所知
such as 例如;像……这样
as…as…与……一样……
without doubt毫无疑问;的确
even though=even if即使;虽然
another time 其他时间;别的时间
so far到目前为止; 迄今为止
not only…but also…不但……而且……
neither…nor…既不……也不……
either…or…或者……或者……
quite a few相当多;不少
as a result 结果
all of a sudden 突然;猛地
first of all首先
from time to time 时常;有时
二、 高频句型
1.问候
①How are you 你好吗
—How are you 你好吗
——Fine, thanks.很好,谢谢。
②How's it/everything going 近来可好
—How's everything going 近来可好
—Pretty good.非常好。
2.感谢与应答
—Thank you./Thanks.谢谢你。/Thank you/Thanks for(doing) sth.因(做)某事谢谢你。
—You’ re welcome./No problem./My pleasure./Don't mention it. 别客气。
—Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。
—No problem.不客气。
3.祝愿与祝贺
①Have a good/nice/great/wonderful time!
=Have fun!=Enjoy yourself/yourselves!
祝你(们)玩得开心!
——I'm going to Yantai on vacation next week.
我下周要去烟台度假。
—Have a good/great/wonderful time!
=Have fun!=Enjoy yourself!
祝过得愉快/祝玩得开心!
②Happy+生日/节日!祝生日/节日快乐!
—Happy birthday! 生日快乐!
———Thank you.谢谢你。
—Happy New Year! 新年好!
—The same to you.你也是。
③Good luck!祝好运!
Good luck to you!祝你好运!
④Congratulations!祝贺!
4.问姓名
What's sb.'s name 某人叫什么名字
—What's your name 你叫什么名字
——My name is Tom King.我叫汤姆·金。
5.问号码
What's sb.'s…number
某人的 号码是多少
——What's your telephone number
你的电话号码是多少
—It's 612-0469.612-0469。
6.问职业
What is sb.'s job = What does sb. do
某人的工作是什么
——What is your father's job = What does your father do 你爸爸的工作是什么
—He is a doctor.他是医生。
7.问天气
What's the weather like… = How's the weather… ……天气如何
——What's the weather like in Hainan = How's the weather in Hainan 海南的天气怎么样
——It's sunny and hot.晴朗炎热。
8.问长相/人品/性格
①What does sb. look like 某人长什么样
——What does your brother look like
你弟弟长什么样
——He is tall and handsome.他又高又帅。
②What's sb. like 某人是个怎样的人
——What's your friend like
你朋友是个怎样的人
——She is outgoing and helpful.
她很外向,乐于助人。
9.问观点
What does/did sb. think of… = How does/did sb. like… =How does/did sb. feel about… 某人认为……怎么样
——What do you think of the movie =How do you like the movie =How do you feel about the movie 你觉得这部电影怎么样
—It's fantastic.好极了。
10.问喜好
What's your favorite... 你最喜欢的……是什么 =What/Which…do you like best 你最喜欢……
——What's your favorite sport /What sport do you like best 你最喜欢什么运动
——Basketball. 篮球。
11.问过去的经历
Did you use to do... 你以前做……吗
——Did you use to play soccer
你以前踢足球吗
—Yes,I did.是的,我以前踢足球。
12.表示存在
① There be+主语+地点状语/时间状语.
……有……
There is some bread on the plate.
盘子里有一些面包。
There will/is going to be a basketball game this afternoon.今天下午将有一场篮球赛。
②There be +sb./sth. doing sth.+ 地点状语/时间状语.
有某人/某物正在某地/某时做某事。
There are already robots working in factories.已经有机器人在工厂工作了。
13.购物
① Can/May I help you =What can I do for you
你想买点什么吗
——Can I help you 你想买点什么吗
——Yes, please. I want/I'm looking for a pair of sports shoes.是的。我想要一双运动鞋。
②I'll take it/them. 我买了。
It's nice. I'll take it. 它很好。我买了。
14.打电话
———May I speak to sb. 请问某人在吗
—This is sb. speaking./Speaking.我就是。/Sorry, sb. is not here right now. 抱 歉,某人现在不在这里。/Sb. is not available right now. Can I take a message 某人现在不在, 我可以传话吗
—May I speak to Mr. Cooper 库珀先生在吗
——Sorry, he is not available right now. Can Itake a message
抱歉,他现在不在。我可以传话吗
15.就餐
①What would you like(to eat/drink) 你想要(吃/喝)什么
——What would you like to eat 你想吃什么
——I’ d like some sala d and beef.
我想要一些沙拉和牛肉。
②May I take your order 您现在点菜吗
——May I take your order 您现在点菜吗
——Yes. I'd like some rice and chicken.
是的。我想要一些米饭和鸡肉。
③What kind of……would you like 你想要什么种类的……
——What kind of noodles would you like
你想要什么种类的面条
——I'd like beef noodles.
我想要牛肉面。
16.建议
①——How/What about(doing) sth. (做)某事怎么样
/Why not/Why don't we/you do sth. 我们/你(们)
为什么不……呢 /Shallwe do sth. 我们做……
好吗 /Let's dosth. 咱们做某事吧。
—Good idea.好主意。/(That) Sounds great.听起来不错。/That sounds like fun.听起来很有趣。
—What about listening to music
听音乐怎么样
=Why not listen to music 为什么不听音乐呢 =Shall we listen to music 我们听音乐好吗
=Let's listen to music.咱们听音乐吧。
—That sounds great. 听起来不错。
②You should/could do sth.你应该/可以做某事。
——I got into a fight with my best friend.
Whatshould I do 我和我最好的朋友吵了一架。我该怎么办
——You should say sorry to her.
你应该向她道歉。
③You’d better do sth.你最好做某事。
You’d better go at once.你最好立刻走。
17.请求与应答
①——Can/May/Could I do sth. 我可以做某事吗
—Sure/Of course, you can.当然可
以。/Sorry, you can't. 很抱歉,你不能。/I'mafraid you can't.恐怕不行。/No way.没门儿。
——Can I hang out with my friends
我可以和朋友逛逛吗
—Of course you can.当然可以。
②——Would you mind(one's )( doing) sth.
你介意(某人)(做)某事吗
—Not at all./Of course not./Certainly not. 不介意。/You’d better not.你最好不要。/I’ m afraid you can't.恐怕不行。
—Would you mind turning down the radio
你介意把收音机(音量)调低一点吗
——Not at all.不介意。
—Would you mind my smoking here
你介意我在这里抽烟吗
—You’d better not.你最好不要。
③——Could you please(not) do sth. 请你(不)做某事好吗
—Yes, sure.好的。/No problem.没问题。/
Sorry,I can't.很抱歉,我不能。
——Could you please open the window
请你打开窗户好吗
—No problem.没问题。
18.看病就医
①——What's wrong with you /What's the matter with you /What's your trouble 你怎么了
—I’m not feeling well. 我 不 舒 服。/I have a(n)+疾病.我……了。
—What’ s wrong with you 你怎么了
—I have a fever.我发烧了。
②What happened to sb. 某人发生什么事了
—What happened to you 你发生什么事了
—I hurt my leg.我伤着腿了。
19.邀请与应答
—Can you do sth. 你能做某事吗 /Wouldyoulike to do sth. 你愿意做某事吗
——Sure,I’ d love to.当然,我很乐
意。/Sorry, Ican't.对不起,我不能。/I'd love to,but...我很乐意, 但是……
——Can you come to my birthday party
thisSaturday 这个星期六你能来参加我的生日聚会吗
——I’d love to, but I have to look after my sister.我很乐意,但是我得照顾我妹妹。
20.意愿
①I want/would like to do sth. 我想做某事。
I want/would like to help homeless people.
我想帮助无家可归的人。
②prefer to do sth. rather than do sth./would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
=I would rather stay at home than go out.
=I would stay at home rather than go out.
我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。
21.表述观点
①It's+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的。
It's difficult for the boy to solve the problembyhimself.这个男孩很难独自解决这个问题。
②It's+形容词+of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是……的。
It's silly of you to refuse the job.
你拒绝这份工作真傻。
③think/find/make it+ 形容词 +to do sth. 认为 /发现/使做某事……
She thinks it interesting to help animals.
她认为帮助动物很有趣。
22.花费
① Sb.+spend+钱+on sth.=Sb.+pay+钱+for sth.=Sth.+cost sb.+钱.某人花……钱买某物。
I spent 100 yuan on these books. =I paid100yuan for these books. =These books cost me100 yuan.我花了 100元买这些书。
②Sb.+spend+ 时间+ doing sth.=It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.某人花………(时间)做某事。
He spent two hours cleaning the house yesterday. =It took him two hours to clean the house yesterday.
他昨天花了两个小时打扫房子。
23.问路与指路
①Is there a(n)…near here 这附近有……吗
——Excuse me. Is there a hospital near here
打扰一下,这附近有医院吗
——Yes, there is. There is one on Bridge Street.
是的,有。在桥街有一家。
②Could you tell me the way to… 你能告诉我去……的路吗
——Excuse me. Could you tell me the way tothe policestation 打扰一下,你能告诉我去警察局的路吗
——Walk along the road, and turn left at thethirdcrossing.沿着这条路走,在第三个十字路口向左拐。
③How can I get to… 我怎样能到……
—Excuse me. How can I get to the HistoryMuseum,please 打扰一下,请问我怎样能到历史博物馆
——Go along this road and take the firstcrossing onthe right.沿着这条路走,在第一个十字路口向右拐。
④Where is… ……在哪儿
——Excuse me. Where is Blue Sky Hotel, please
打扰一下,请问蓝天大酒店在哪儿
——It's next to the post office.它挨着邮局。
24.谈论规则
be(not) allowed to do sth.(不)被允许做某事We aren't allowed to be late for class.
我们上课不允许迟到。
25.谈论风俗习惯
be(not) supposed/expected to do sth.
(不)应该做某事
You are not supposed to point at anyone with your chopsticks.
你不应该用筷子指着别人。
——What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time
第一次遇见某人时你们应该做什么
——We are supposed to shake hands.
我们应该握手。

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