资源简介

(共25张PPT)
Words and Expressions
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
决定单词意思
dis appear ance
prefix root suffix
前缀 词根 后缀
决定单词词义
决定单词词性
表示否定
意思“出现”
表名词词性
3. precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的.→preciously adv.过分讲究地；昂贵地
4. marry v.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶→ married adj.已婚的→marriage n.结婚；婚姻
5. major adj.主要的；重要的;大的→majority n.大部分;大多数
6. complain v.抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚→complaint n.不满的原因;抱怨;埋怨
7. respond v.回答；回应→response n. 回答，答复
8. scholarship n. 奖学金 → scholar n. 学者
9. reject v.拒绝接受；不予考虑；拒收→rejection n.拒绝；否决；抛弃
10. appoint v.任命；委任；安排→appointment n约会；约定;任命→appointed adj.被任命的
1. moral adj.道德的；道义上的.→morally adv道义上；道德上→immoral adj.不道德的；邪恶的
2. illustrate v.说明；阐明；给…插图 → illustration n.插图；图案；图表
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11. elect v.选举；推选→election n.选举.推选
12. tend v. 倾向；趋于；照顾 → tendency n. 倾向；趋势；癖好
13. publish v.出版；发行→publisher n.出版人；发行人→publishment n出版；发行；发布
14. retire v.(使)退休→retired adj.已退休的 →retirement n.退休
15. scare v.使惊吓；使害怕→scary adj.可怕的；骇人的→ scared adj. 害怕的
16. sharp adj.锋利的；锐利的→sharpen v.(使)变得锋利
17. sure adj,确信；肯定→insure v.投保；给.....保险→insurance n.保险,保险业
18. energy n.精力→energetic adj.精力充沛的；力量充满活力的→ energize v. 使活跃
19. replace v.接替 →replacement n. 代替
20. operate vi.运转；运作 vt.操作→operator n. 操作员；接线员→operation n. 手术；企业；经营
21. assist vt.帮助；援助→assistant n. 助手；助理→assistance n.帮助；援助
22. memorize v.记住→ memory n.记忆力
23. harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
24. flexible adj.灵活的；可变通的→flexibility n.柔韧性；灵活性
25. tense adj.紧张的；拉紧的→tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
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1. moral adj.道德的;道义上的　n.品行;道德;寓意　
派生
morally adv.道德上;有道德地;确实地　
immoral adj.不道德的;邪恶的
搭配
the moral of ... ……的道德教训/寓意
句式
It's moral to do ... 做……是合乎道德的
moral dilemma 道德困境
例句
The moral of this story is that one must see the beauty in what one has. 这个故事的寓意是：一个人必须从自己拥有的东西中看到美。(观点介绍)
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2. dilemma n.困境;进退两难的境地
搭配
in a dilemma 进退两难;左右为难
get out of the dilemma 　摆脱进退两难的境地
place/ put sb in/ into a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地
face the dilemma about/of ... 面对……困境
例句
I am grateful that you help me get out of the dilemma I was in.
我很感激你帮我摆脱了进退两难的境地。(感谢信)
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3. carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关
搭配
carry him through the hardships 帮助他渡过难关
拓展：有关“carry”的高频搭配
carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on 继续；参与
carry through sth 成功完成，顺利实现
例句
Her encouragement and support helped carry me through.
她的鼓励和支持帮助我渡过了难关。
His determination and persistence carried him through the dilemma.
他的决心和毅力使他渡过了困境。(人物介绍)
4. marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
派生
marry v. (和某人) 结婚；娶；嫁 marry sb
married adj. 已婚的；结婚的
搭配
be married (to sb) （与……结婚）【表状态】
get married (to sb) (与……结婚） 【表动作】
单句语法填空：
It’s been done for athletes during big events and for women who are getting _________ (marry).
married
派生：major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 专业 vi. 主修 major in 主修……
他的专业是物理。His major is physics. /He majors in physics.
反义词：minority n. 少数 minor adj. 次要的；较少的；轻微的
搭配：in the majority　 占多数
the majority of = a majority of 大多数…(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）
the/a majority of +可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
the/a majority of + 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数
注意：minority/majority作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调群体中的每一个个体时，谓语动词用复数形式；但若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语时，则谓语（系动词）要用复数.
The majority agrees with me. = The majority agree with me.
The majority are young students.
例句：A majority of students are fond of this way. In their views, there are three factors contributing to this attitude. 大多数学生都喜欢这种方式。在他们看来，有三个因素促成了这种态度。(观点介绍)　
5. majority n. 大部分；大多数
6. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
派生
complaint n. 抱怨
词性变化：
weigh称重→weight重量
join连接→joint接头
搭配
complain about… 抱怨……
complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨……
make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
例句
She complained to me about his rude behaviour. 她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。
People always complain that the big banks are unfriendly and unhelpful.
人们总抱怨大银行不友好，也不愿帮助人。
7. respond vt.回答；回复　vi.做出反应；回应
派生
response n．反应；回答；回复
搭配
respond to sb/sth　回答，回复；对……做出反应
in response to作为对……的答复/反应
make a response (to...)(对……)做出回应/反应
例句
“I will never do that again，” he responded with tears of regret in his eyes. 他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答说：“我再也不会这样做了。”(续写之动作描写)
派生
appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
appointment n. 任命；约会
搭配
appoint sb as/to be ...　　任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 指派某人做某事
例句
I'm writing to convey my sincere apologies to you for not accompanying you to the gallery at our appointed time. 我写信向你表达我诚挚的歉意，因为我没有在我们约定的时间陪你去画廊。(道歉信)　
8. appoint vt.任命；委任
9. tend vt.照顾；照料　vi.倾向；趋于
派生
tendency n．趋势；倾向
搭配
tend (to) sb./sth. 照料/护理某人；照管某物
tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事
tend to/towards ... 趋向……；趋于……
a tendency to do sth. 做某事的倾向
例句
She tended (to) her husband carefully during his illness.
她丈夫生病期间，她无微不至地照顾他。
There is a growing tendency to regard money more highly than quality of life. 越来越多的人倾向于把金钱看得重于生活质量。
10. retire vi. & vt.退休；退职；(因伤)退出(比赛等)
派生
retired adj.退休的，退职的 a retired teacher一位退休教师
retirement n．退休，退职 take early retirement提前退休
搭配
retire from... 从……退休
retire as... 从……职位上退休
retire from office/service 退职/退役
11. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
派生
scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 n. 惊吓
scary adj.恐怖的，吓人的
搭配
be scared of sth/ doing sth. 害怕某物/ 做某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared that... 害怕……
scare... away/off 吓走/吓跑…
scare sb. into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death把某人吓得要死
句式
It scares sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感到害怕
12. sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的
派生
sharply adv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地
sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利
词义
a sharp drop in the prices 价格暴跌
a sharp knife 一把锋利的刀
a sharp contrast 鲜明的对比
sharp eyes 明锐的视力
an sharp increase 急剧上涨
搭配
be sharp with 对……严厉
a sharp sense of humour 很强的幽默感
a sudden sharp pain突然的剧痛
13. replace vt.接替；取代；更换
搭配
replace A with/by B 用B代替A
例句
The factory replaced most of its workers with robots.
这家工厂用机器人取代了大多数工人。
代替
replace
take the place of
in place of
instead of
You can use milk in place of/instead of cream in this recipe. 这道菜谱里，你可以用牛奶来替代奶油。
14. operation n．手术；企业；经营
派生
operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作
operator n．操作员，经营者
搭配
do/perform an operation (on sb.) (给某人)做手术
in operation 工作中；有效
put sth. into operation 实施
15. whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
搭配
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
in a whisper　 低声地；悄声地
whisper about sth. 密谈某事
whisper sth. in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
句式
People are whispering that…= It is whispered that… 有人私下说……
例句
They sat at the back of the room at midnight, talking in whispers.
半夜， 他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。(续写之动作描写)
16. assist vt.帮助；援助
派生
assistance n．帮助，援助，支持
assistant n．助手，助理
搭配
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
come to one’s assistance前来援助
例句
I am willing to assist you with your Mandarin.
＝I am willing to assist you to learn Mandarin.
＝I am willing to assist you in learning Mandarin.
我乐意帮助你学习普通话。(语言学习)
拓展：有关“carry”的高频搭配
pass down　 把……传给后世
pass on ... to　 把……传递给；将(疾病)遗传给，传染给
pass through　 通过；穿过；经历
pass (sb) off as ...　 (把某人)改变或冒充成……
pass by　 经过
pass out　晕过去；昏倒
17. pass away 去世
18. memory n．记忆力；回忆
搭配
in memory of 作为对……的纪念
have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差
memory loss 失忆
拓展
in honour of ... 为了向……表示敬意；为纪念……
in search of ... 寻找……
in face of ... 面临……
in charge of ... 掌管……
例句
I have a memory of those things, but as time went on, who remember me
那些事我曾有记忆，但是随着时间的流逝，谁还记得我呢？
19. harm n.& vt. 伤害；损害
派生
harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
搭配
be harmful to … 对……有害
be harmless to… 对……无害
be of great harm 危害极大的
do harm to sb./sth. （=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/某物有害
句式
There is no harm in (one’s) doing sth.
= There is no harm (for sb.) to do sth.
（某人）做某事无妨/无害
20. a great deal (of) 大量
(1) a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。
(2) a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”，作主语或者宾语。
(3) a great/good deal of意为“许多的，大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。
many, many a, several (几个), a couple of (几个，两三个), (a) few (一些), a great/good many, a good/great/large number of +可数名词
much, (a) little, a large amount of, amounts of, a great deal of +不可数名词
a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of (谓语用复数), plenty of +可数/不可数
根据后接可数还是不可数的量词总结分类

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