资源简介

Unit 3 Fit for life
一、 重点单词
(一) 英汉对记(55)
1. surgeon n. 外科医生(29)
2. physician n. 医师，内科医生(29)
3. dentist n. 牙科医生(29)
4. gene n. 基因(30)
5. genome n. 基因组，染色体组(30)
6. cell n. 细胞(30)
7. being n. 生物；存在；身心(30)
8. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动(30)
9. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(契约)
n. 合同，合约(30)
10. virus n. 病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒(30)
11. cancer n. 癌症；邪恶，毒瘤(30)
12. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述(30)
13. means n. (pl. means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财(30)
14. delete vt. 删去，删除(30)
15. restore vt. 恢复；修复；使复原，使复位(31)
16. weapon n. 武器，手段；兵器(31)
17. fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的
　　　 　n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础(31)
18. pace n. 发生的速度，节奏；步速；快节奏
vi.& vt. 来回踱步，走来走去；确定速度，调整节奏(31)
19. arise vi. (arose, arisen) 发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生(31)
20. prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能(31)
21. flu n. 流行性感冒，流感(31)
22. characteristic n. 特征，特点
adj. 典型的，独特的(31)
23. debate vt.& vi. 讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考
n. 讨论，争论；辩论(31)
24. artificial adj. 人工的，人造的；人为的；虚假的(34)
25. limb n. 肢，臂，腿(34)
26. rubber n. 橡胶；橡皮(34)
27. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的(34)
28. conventional adj. 传统的，习惯的；依照惯例的，遵循习俗的(35)
29. leather n. 皮革(35)
30. sensory adj. 感觉的，感官的(35)
31. patent n. 专利，专利证书
adj. 有专利的，受专利保护的(35)
32. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料
n. 燃料(37)
33. tackle vt. 应付，处理，解决(37)
34. centimetre (AmE centimeter) n. 厘米(37)
35. acupuncture n. 针刺疗法(39)
36. needle n. 针；注射针；指针(39)
37. solid adj. 实心的；固体的；结实的；纯色的(39)
38. switch vi.& vt. 转变；交换；调班
n. 开关，闸；转变，改变(39)
39. steel n. 钢；钢铁工业(39)
40. millimetre (AmE millimeter) n. 毫米(39)
41. clinic n. 私人诊所；门诊部；门诊时间(39)
42. tongue n. 舌头；语言(39)
43. pulse n. 脉搏
vi. 搏动，跳动；洋溢着(39)
44. wrist n. 手腕，腕关节(39)
45. organ n. 器官；风琴；机构，机关(39)
46. severe adj. 十分严重的，极为恶劣的；严厉的；艰难的(40)
47. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂(40)
48. alcohol n. 酒精，酒(40)
49. tobacco n. 烟草(40)
50. drug n. 毒品；药物(40)
51. phenomenon n. (pl. phenomena) 现象(40)
52. substance n. 物质；要点(40)
53. symbol n. 象征；符号，代号(40)
54. bandage n. 绷带(41)
55. department n. (医院的)科，部门，局，系(41)
(二) 派生倍记(13)
1. chemist n. 药剂师，药商；化学家(29)→chemistry n. 化学；物质的化学组成；两人间的关系→chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的；化学作用的；用化学方法制造的 n. 化学品；化学制品
2. identify vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份(30)→identification n. 鉴定；确定；身份证明；密切关联；强烈的同情感
3. ultimately adv. 最终；根本上(31)→ultimate adj. 最后的；极端的；最好的；根本的 n. 最好的事物；极品；精华
4. abnormal adj. 反常的，畸形的(31)→normal adj. 正常的；意识健全的 n. 常态
5. restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束(31)→restriction n. 限制；约束；限制规定
6. resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗(31)→resist vt. & vi. 反抗；抵制；忍住；抗(伤害)→resistant adj. 有抵抗力的，抵抗的；抵制的；抗……的
7. wrestle vi.& vt. 奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤(31)→wrestling n. 摔跤运动
8. finding n. 调查发现，调研结果(33)→find vt. 发现；找到；认为；现有(可用)；发觉；达到；存在vt. & vi. 裁决 n. 发现物，被发现的人
9. ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的(33)→ripen vi. & vt. (使)成熟
10. disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的(35)→able adj. 能(够)；有才能的→disability n. 缺陷，障碍(35)
11. adjust vt.& vi. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理(37)→adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
12. evidence n. 证据，证明；物证，人证 vt. 证明，表明(39)→evident adj. 清楚的；显然的
13. stainless adj. 不生锈的(39)→stain vt. & vi. 留下污渍；(被)玷污 vt. 玷污；败坏(名声)；给……染色 n. 污点；着色剂
(三) 合成并记(6)
1. game changing adj. 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的)(30)
2. lifespan n. 寿命，有效期(30)
3. withdraw vi.& vt. (withdrew, withdrawn) 脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供(34)
4. outgoing adj. 外向的(34)
5. head on adv. 积极地，果断地；正面相撞地
adj. 迎头相撞的；正面反对的(37)
6. widespread adj. 分布广的，普遍的，广泛的(40)
(四) 短语强记(8)
1. relate to 涉及，与……相关(30)
2. prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事(31)
3. wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决(31)
4. put sth in place 准备就绪(31)
5. without doubt 毫无疑问，的确(31)
6. a ripe old age 高龄(33)
7. go to great lengths to do sth 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事(37)
8. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今(39)
(五) 重点例释(20)
1. specialize vi. 专门研究(或从事)，专攻
(1) special adj. 特别的；专门的
(2) specialist n. 专家；专科医生
Many students specialize in engineering.
许多学生专攻工程学。
There are restaurants, both humble and expensive, that specialize in noodles.
既有普通的也有昂贵的专营面条的餐馆。
Has anything special happened
发生什么特别的事情了吗？
In the first instance your child will be seen by an ear, nose and throat specialist.
你的孩子将首先由耳鼻喉专家诊查。
2. affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动
(1) effect n. 影响；效果
(2) effective adj. 有效的；起作用的；实际的
(3) come into effect 生效；开始实施
(4) take effect 开始起作用；见效
(5) put … into effect 使……生效
(6) in effect 实际上，事实上；在实施中；有效
(7) side effect 副作用
(8) have an effect on 对……有作用
With the government's aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人搬到了新的定居点。
The story affected us deeply.
这个故事深深地打动了我们。
I think what you said just now will have no effect on him.
我想你刚才说的话对他没有任何影响。
The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now.
新的法律已经生效，现在这里的野生动物数量正在增加。
The law first came into being in 1912, and it still takes effect today.
该法律首次形成于1912年，至今仍有效。
If the new security system had been put into effect, such accidents would never have happened.
如果新的安全系统生效，这样的事故就不会发生了。
In effect, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy.
实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。
Although scientists have been researching on cancer for many years, they still fail to find out an effective cure for it.
尽管科学家对癌症进行了多年的研究，但是仍然没有发现治愈这种疾病的有效办法。
3. contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)
n. 合同，合约
Both drugs have also been approved to reduce the risk of contracting the flu.
这两种药物也获批可以用来降低感染流感的风险。
The contract cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself.
这个合同只能由你本人签署。
4. relate vi. & vt. 联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述
(1) 比较relate to与be related to：两者表示“与……有关”，但前者往往含有“涉及”或“关于”之意，而后者则往往暗示两者之间有性质上的内在联系
比较三个结构：
▲A is related to B＝A与B相关或有联系(related为形容词，表示状态，用介词to不用with)
▲relate A to/with B＝把A与B联系起来(虽把它们联系起来，但它们未必有联系)
▲A is related to/with B＝A和B被联系起来(此结构为前一结构的被动形式，related为过去分词)
(2) relation n. 亲戚；家属；关系；关联，联系
(3) in/with relation to 关于，涉及，与……有关
(4) relationship n. 血缘关系；姻亲关系；关系，联系
(5) relative n. 亲属；亲戚
adj. 相对的；比较的；(与to连用)关于……的
(6) 比较：relative与relation
表示“亲属，亲戚”时，两者常可互换；表示抽象意义的“亲属关系”时，通常要用relation而不用relative。这两个词都有“亲戚”的意思。
①根据血统或婚姻关系的远近来说，较近的亲戚用relation，较远的亲戚用relative。
②relation除表达抽象意义外，还表示特别亲密的关系，relative只含有单纯的亲戚意味。
I related my adventure to my family.
我向家人讲述了我的奇遇。
I think we can relate these two accidents.
我认为我们可把这两起事故联系在一起。
He is a near relation of mine.
他是我的近亲。
The relation between mathematics and physics is close.
数学和物理的关系很密切。
She has a very good relationship with her students.
她与她的学生关系很好。
She has no relatives in town.
她城里没有亲戚。
5. means n. (pl. means) 方法，方式；财富，钱财
(1) by all means 务必；尽一切办法
(2) by means of 借助于，用，依靠
(3) by no means 一点也不；绝不
(4) mean vt.(meant, meant) 意思是，本意是；意欲，想要；意味着
(5) be meant to do sth 本应该做某事
(6) be meant for 为……而安排的
(7) mean doing sth与mean to do sth不同：前者表示“意味着做某事，需要做某事”；后者表示“打算(或有意要)做某事”
(8) mean it 言出必行；说到做到
(9) mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的；刻薄的；不善良的
(10) meaning n. 意思，含义；真正重要性，价值，意义
(11) meaningful adj. 有意义的，意味深长的(反义词meaningless)
All possible means have been tried, but not every means works.
所有可能的方法都试过了，但不是所有的方法都有效。
Do you have the means to support a family
你的收入能养活全家吗？
This plan must be realized by all means.
这个计划务必尽一切办法予以实现。
After my bike was lost for two weeks, I found it by means of a notice in the newspaper.
在我的自行车丢了两周后，我借助报纸上的一则启事找到了它。
By no means should he be left alone.
绝不能把他单独留下。
I don't mean you.
我不是指你。
You are meant to take off your shoes when you enter.
当你进屋时，应该先脱鞋。
These chairs are meant for guests.
这些椅子是为客人们安排的。
I'm determined to get a seat for the concert even if it means standing in a queue all night.
我决定买一张音乐会的票，即使这意味着要排一整晚的队。
I'm sorry I didn't mean to hurt you.
对不起，我不是有意伤害你的。
We are rather sceptical about the sympathy he claims to have for the poor, for he is mean with his money.
我们对他所说的对穷人的同情持怀疑态度，因为他很吝啬。
He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across.
他讲了很久，但并没有人真正理解他的意思。
She believes these talks will be the start of a constructive and meaningful dialogue.
她认为这些谈话将是一次具有建设性的、有意义的对话的开端。
Yeah, life is meaningless in itself, but we can make it meaningful and colourful.
是的，生活本身是没有意义的，但我们可以使它变得富有意义和丰富多彩。
6. prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
(1) prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能
(2) prohibition n. 禁止；禁令
(3) 比较词：ban和forbid
①ban … from …
②forbid doing
③forbid sb to do
His poor eyesight prohibited him from becoming a pilot.＝His poor eyesight prohibited his becoming a pilot.
他因视力不好而不能当飞行员。
Since the new prohibition of drunk driving was introduced, the number of accidents in the area has fallen sharply.
自从新的醉驾禁令发布，该区域的事故数锐减。
A nature reserve for white flag dolphins was set up in 1992, where boats have been prohibited from sailing around since then.
白鱀豚自然保护区于1992年建立，从此船只被禁止在此航行。
The government announced last week that it plans to ban people from using a cellphone while riding a bike.
政府上周宣布计划禁止人们在骑自行车时使用手机。
His own pride forbids him to ask Arthur for help.
他的自尊心不允许他开口向亚瑟求助。
This place used to forbid parking cars and bikes.
这个地方曾经禁止停放汽车和自行车。
7. wrestle with 努力处理，全力解决
wrestle vi. & vt. 摔跤；奋力对付，努力处理
Can you wrestle
你会摔跤吗？
She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem.
她整个周末都在绞尽脑汁处理这个问题。
She has been wrestling to raise the money all year.
她一年来一直在想方设法筹集这笔资金。
8. put sth in place 准备就绪
(1) in place 在对的位置；适当地；在工作；准备就绪
(2) out of place 位置不当；不恰当；不得体
(3) in place of 代替
(4) take place 发生，进行
(5) take one's place/take the place of 取代……人；顶换；就位；即位
We already have our core team in place.
我们的骨干团队已经就位。
This joke is rather out of place.
这个玩笑开得不太得当。
I felt out of place in my suit and tie.
穿着西服打着领带，我感觉十分别扭(不自在)。
He was unable to come himself, but he sent his daughter, who is also an experienced doctor, to get my body examined in place of him.
他自己不能亲自来了，但是他让他的女儿，也是一个有经验的医生，代替他检查我的身体。
Great changes have taken place in our school since 2016.
自2016年以来，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。
Miss Wang is ill, so I'll take her place to teach you Lesson 20.
王老师病了，因此我将代替她给你们上第二十课。
9. equip vt. 配备；使有能力
(1) be equipped with 装备有，配备有
(2) be equipped for 有能力……
(3) equipment n. 装备；设备
We are going to equip the room with air conditioning.
我们打算给这个房间装上空调。
When they leave school, they will be equipped for obtaining office jobs.
离校时，他们将有能力获得办公室工作的机会。
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。
By the end of last month, some latest teaching equipment had been sent to some high schools in Xizang.
到上个月底，一些最新的教学设备已经被送往西藏的一些高中。
10. grateful adj. 感激的，表示感谢的
(1) be grateful to 对……感激
(2) gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢
I'm very grateful to my high school teachers, without whose help I wouldn't be so excellent.
我非常感谢我的高中老师，没有他们的帮助，我不会这么优秀。
I would like to express my gratitude to everyone for their hard work.
我要对所有辛勤劳动的人表示感谢。
She was presented with the gift in gratitude for her long service.
这礼物赠送给她以表达对她长期服务的感激之情。
11. fuel vt. 增加，刺激；给……提供燃料
n. 燃料
(1) add fuel to 火上浇油；推波助澜
(2) fuel concerns/fears/anger 引起担忧/畏惧/愤怒
They were low on fuel.
他们的燃料快耗尽了。
His comments are bound to add fuel to the debate.
他的话必将为争论推波助澜。
His remarks simply added fuel to the fire of her annoyance.
他的话只是给她的愤怒火上浇油。
The severe pollution fueled concerns about the extinction of the species.
严重的污染加剧了人们对物种灭绝的担忧。
12. disturb vt. 使不安；打扰；搅乱
(1) disturbance n. 干扰，打扰；骚乱；紊乱
(2) disturbing adj. 令人不安的
Don't run up and down in the classroom. It may disturb other students.
不要在教室里跑来跑去，这可能会打扰其他学生。
Don't disturb the papers on desk.
不要乱动桌上的文件。
You mustn't use your cellphone here in our hospital because of the disturbance to the electronic equipment!
你不能在我们医院的这个地方使用手机，因为电子设备会受到干扰。
The noise was so disturbing that he was so disturbed that he stayed awake the whole night.
那噪声是如此令人不安，以至于他被搅得一夜没睡。
13. go to great lengths to do sth 竭尽全力做某事，不遗余力做某事
What the government should go to great lengths to do is raising the public awareness of the animals in danger.
政府应尽力去提高公众对濒危动物的认识。
She went to great lengths to keep her private life private.
她竭尽全力让自己的私生活不受干扰。
14. date back to 追溯到，始于，自……至今
(1) date n. 日期；时候；约会；会晤时间
vt. 写上日期；确定年代
(2) out of date 过时的；失效的；陈腐的
(3) to date 到目前为止
(4) up to date 拥有(或包含)最新信息的，最新式的，现代化的
What's the date today？＝What date is it today
今天是几号？
I have a date with her.
我同她有个约会。
Don't forget to date your check.
不要忘记在支票上写上日期。
The needle treatment dating from ancient times has cured many diseases.
始于古代的针灸已经治愈了很多疾病。
A major fire broke out at Notre Dame Cathedral in central Paris, of which the construction dates back to the year 1163.
巴黎市中心的圣母院发生大火，其建筑历史可以追溯到1163年。
These words have gone out of date.
这些词已经不再用了。
We haven't got any further information to date.
到目前为止，我们尚未获得进一步的消息。
The book is up to date.
这本书是最新的。
15. switch vi. & vt. 转变；交换；调班
n. 开关，闸；转变，改变
(1) a switch in method 方法的改变
(2) switch off 关掉，关上(电灯等)；不再注意
(3) switch on 打开，开启(电灯等)
(4) switch over 转换；改变，转变；换台，换频道
We'd take the train into the city centre, and then switch to the tram.
我们乘火车到市中心，然后换乘有轨电车。
We are tired of the boring topic. Why not switch it to an interesting one
我们厌倦了这个无聊的话题，为什么不换一个有趣的呢？
There is a switch on the wall for turning on the lights.
墙上有一个用来开灯的开关。
Please switch the radio off.
请关掉收音机。
The boys started to switch off after the first speech.
孩子们听完第一个人发言后就开始心不在焉了。
Don't switch on the light yet.
暂时不要开灯。
I don't like to watch this. There is a better programme on CCTV 6. Please switch over.
我不喜欢看这个节目。中央六套有一个更好的节目。请换一下台。
16. examine vt. 检查，检验；审查，调查；考，测试；审问
exam＝examination n. 考试；检查；审查，调查
They examined all baggage at the airport.
他们在机场检查了所有行李。
Lucy found herself being examined in hospital when she opened her eyes.
露西醒来的时候发现自己正在医院接受检查。
He did better in the mid term examination than expected.
他期中考试发挥得比预期要好。
She went to hospital for an examination.
她到医院检查身体去了。
17. anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望
(1) anxious adj. 忧虑的，焦虑的；焦急的；渴望的
(2) 比较：anxious与eager
两者均可表示“渴望的”，意思比较相近，有时可互换；但表示“忧虑的，焦虑的”时，只能用anxious
(3) be anxious about/for 担心……
(4) be anxious to do 渴望/急于做……
The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people's lives.
无休止的选择会引起人们生活中的焦虑。
We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the results of the experiment.
我们度过了心急如焚的几周，等待着实验结果。
I felt anxiety about/for his safety.
我很担心他的安全。
He is anxious to study at that university.
他渴望到那所大学上学。
18. abuse vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
To the public's delight, a large number of government officials who abused their power have been well punished.
令公众高兴的是，许多滥用职权的政府官员得到了应有的惩罚。
The organization is urging people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour and abuse animals.
这个组织呼吁人们对使用童工、虐待动物的公司的产品进行抵制。
The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.
政府已成立工作组调查药物滥用问题。
He greeted me with a stream of abuse.
他见到我就连声辱骂。
19. symbol n. 象征；符号，代号
symbolise (AmE symbolize) vt. 象征
What is the chemical symbol for silver
银的化学符号是什么？
Space exploration provides a symbol of national pride.
太空探索是民族自豪感的象征。
The fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the end of the Cold War between East and West.
柏林墙的倒塌象征着东西方冷战的结束。
20. infection n. 传染，感染
There is no vaccine against HIV infection.
现在还没有防艾滋病病毒传染的疫苗。
A single mosquito can infect a large number of people.
一只蚊子就可以感染很多人。
She infected the children with her enthusiasm for music.
她对音乐的热爱感染了孩子们。
二、 短语扩充
(一) 英汉对记(117)
1. genome editing(P29) 基因组编辑
2. first aid skills 急救技能
3. perform operations 进行手术
4. a medical professional 医学专业人士
5. advances in medical science(P30) 医学的进步
6. play a critical role 发挥关键作用
7. one's talent for … 某人……的才能
8. contract certain diseases 感染某些疾病
9. relate to … 与……相关
10. make changes 进行更改
11. sense of hearing(P31) 听觉
12. serve as 充当
13. in the fight against … 在与……的斗争中
14. at a fast pace 快速地
15. restrict … to … 把……限制在……
16. increase the human resistance to colds and flu 增加人体对感冒和流感的抵抗力
17. figure out 弄明白；计算
18. run wild 疯狂发展；肆意妄为；失去控制
19. to one's advantage 对某人有利
20. out of control 失控
21. the public argument over … 公众对……的争论
22. in the history of science 在科学史上
23. genetic markers(P33) 基因标记
24. in the field of … 在……领域
25. the ageing process 衰老过程
26. deadly diseases 致命疾病
27. an individual's genetic make up 个人的基因构成
28. function as 充当，作为
29. make new discoveries 有新发现
30. gain a better understanding of … 对……有更好的理解
31. withdraw into oneself(P34) 隐退，不与人交往
32. lead a normal life 过正常生活
33. an artificial hand 人造手
34. get dressed 穿衣服
35. hold on to 坚持住，抓住不放
36. feel varying degrees of pressure 感受不同程度的压力
37. test out 测试
38. be grateful for … 对……感激
39. open up 打开，开放；使出现，使产生
40. hope for(P35) 希望，希望得到
41. better quality artificial limbs 更优质的假肢
42. physically disabled people (身体)残疾人
43. overcome one's disabilities 克服残疾
44. serve basic functions 发挥基本功能
45. with the advancement in … 随着……的进步
e closer to 靠近
47. advance this technology 推进这项技术
48. take out a patent on sth 取得某物的专利
49. in need of 需要
50. enjoy a higher quality of life 享受更优质的生活
51. give rise to(P36) 产生
52. a key factor 关键因素
53. at a distance 在远处
54. suffer from short sightedness 患有近视
55. primary school students 小学生
56. junior high school students 初中生
57. senior high school students 高中生
58. look out for … 当心……
59. a large amount of time 大量时间
60. a feature article(P37) 专题文章
61. take measures 采取措施
62. a recent national survey 最近的一项全国性调查
63. three out of four 四分之三
64. tackle this problem head on 正面解决这个问题
e up with 想出，提出
66. get regular breaks 定期休息
67. look at distant objects 看远处的物体
68. study for long hours 长时间学习
69. go outdoors 出门，走出室外
70. an eye friendly environment 有利于眼睛的环境
71. in the best sitting position 最佳坐姿
72. take action 采取行动
73. make everyone aware of … 使大家意识到……
74. send out information 发出信息
75. advise sb on sth 就某事向某人提出建议
76. lead the way 领路，带好头
77. the causes of … (P38) ……的原因/起因
78. as a result of … 由于……
79. as a result 结果
80. arise out of/arise from … 源于……
81. conclude with … 以……结束
82. put forward 提出
83. Chinese medical treatment(P39) 中医疗法
84. Chinese acupuncture 中国针灸
85. as early as … 早在……
86. the Stone Age 石器时代
87. metal needles 金属针
88. medical instruments 医疗器械
89. the acupuncture clinic 针灸诊所
90. energy channels 经络
91. up to now 直到现在
92. severe pains(P40) 剧痛
93. blood pressure issues 血压问题
94. stomach discomfort 胃部不适
95. abuse alcohol 酗酒
96. ease pain 减轻疼痛
97. reach an agreement 达成协议，达成一致
98. block … from … 阻挡……
99. pain signals 疼痛信号
100. traditional Chinese medicine 传统中医
101. around the 16th century 大约16世纪
102. Intangible Cultural Heritage 非物质文化遗产
e into widespread use 广泛应用
104. the World Health Organization 世界卫生组织
105. animal bites(P41) 动物咬伤
106. heart attacks 心脏病发作
107. dos and don'ts 注意事项
108. minor burns 轻微烧伤
109. burnt skin 烫伤的皮肤
110. running water 自来水，流水
111. apply some medicine to 敷药
112. stick to 坚持
113. put pressure on … 对……加压/施加压力
114. lead to infection 导致感染
115. call for emergency help 紧急求助
116. the emergency department 急诊室
117. prevent potential problems(P42) 防止潜在问题
(二) 同词类记
● put(8)
1. put aside 把……放到一边；储存
2. put away 把……收拾好，整理；储蓄
3. put down 放下；写下；镇压
4. put forward 提议，提出；拿出；推荐；将……提前
5. put off 推迟，延期
6. put on 穿上；上演；增加
7. put up 搭建；张贴；为……提供住宿
8. put up with 忍受，容忍
● go(12)
1. go after 追求；谋求
2. go against 违反；违背；对……不利
3. go ahead 前进；干吧；说吧
4. go by 流逝；过去，经过；错过；遵照
5. go down 下沉；下降
6. go in for 参加；对某物有兴趣
7. go off 爆炸；离去；中断；突然发出巨响
8. go out 熄灭；出去
9. go over 检查，审查；复习，重温
10. go through 经历；遭受；浏览；仔细检查
11. go up 上涨；上升；攀登
12. go without 没有……也行；勉强凑合
三、 精选句型
1. Over the course of my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game changing as genome editing.(P30)
2. We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild.(P31)
3. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage.(P31)
4. There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.(P31)
5. In addition, it looks very lifelike with special rubber used on the outside.(P34)
6. I'm so grateful for all the new possibilities my robotic hand has opened up.(P34)
7. Hopefully, more and more people in need of robotic limbs will be equipped with them and enjoy a higher quality of life.(P35)
8. No. 9 High School is leading the way for other schools with its impressive forward thinking on eye health.(P37)
9. There is evidence that acupuncture dates back to the Stone Age, when stone tools called bian were used to press areas of the body.(P39)
10. For example, there are different theories trying to explain how it eases pain, but no agreement has been reached.(P40)
11. Today, acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world.(P40)
四、 语法指南
现在完成进行时(Present perfect continuous tense)
现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。句中常有延续性动词，时间点前有since/for。
(一) 现在完成进行时的构成
肯定句：have/has＋been＋动词的现在分词
否定句：haven't/hasn't＋been＋动词的现在分词
疑问句：have/has＋主语＋been＋动词的现在分词
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have/has＋(主语)＋been＋动词的现在分词
(二) 现在完成进行时的基本用法
1. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
安很累。她最近一直在努力工作。
2. 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动
It has been raining for two hours.
雨已经下了两个小时了。(现在还在下)
3. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的、一个阶段内重复发生的行动
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
她从8岁起就打网球了。
4. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身
Tom's hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
汤姆的手很脏。他一直在修车。
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
汽车现在又可以开了。汤姆修好了它。
五、 话题写作
(一) 佳句积累
1. I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today. (and连接并列句；this scientific advance can bring构成定语从句，修饰the possibilities)
2. Genome editing, serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care. (serving as … 为现在分词短语作后置定语)
3. As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. (as表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句；however作插入语，置于中间，句式变化凸显)
4. Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. (without 表示“若无，若非”，构成含蓄性虚拟语气，主句用would/could/might)
5. Despite the public argument over this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond. (介词despite＋名词短语表示“尽管……”，构成让步状语)
6. Not only can I do more, but I have also become more confident and outgoing. (not only … but also … 结构中，not only置于句首时，其后分句倒装，but后分句不倒装)
7. No. 9 High School is one of those that have gone to great lengths to protect students' eyes, coming up with many effective solutions. (that引导定语从句，修饰those; coming … 为现在分词短语作伴随状语)
8. Up to now, more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified, each linked to a different part of the body. (up to now表示“直到现在”，句子使用现在完成时；each linked … 为独立主格结构)
9. While doubts about its safety have gradually disappeared, interest continues to grow. (while表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句)
(二) 佳作欣赏
假定你是李华，你发现周围很多同学都近视，所以想给大家一些建议。请根据以下要点提示，给你校英语报写一篇短文。内容包括：
1. 导致近视的原因：长时间看书、看电视和玩电脑游戏等；一些不良的习惯，如躺着看书等；
2. 如何保护视力：坚持做眼保健操；培养良好的读书习惯等。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Nowadays, there are more and more students becoming short sighted.
Reading, watching TV and playing computer games too long are all causes of short sightedness. Some bad behaviour also makes people short sighted, such as reading in bed.
Therefore, we should protect our eyes carefully. When reading and writing, we should keep a proper posture. Besides, we'd better have a rest by looking in the long distance after we have studied, watched TV or played computer games for an hour or so. And, we should do eye exercises regularly.
All in all, eyes are the windows of our mind. We should keep them healthy.

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