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中考英语语法复习
连词知识讲解练习
一、知识讲解
一、定义：
连词是用来连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词。
连词是一种虚词，不能独立担任句子成分，在句子和句子的各种成分中起连接作用。
Eg: Lily likes English but she can’t speak well.
丽丽喜欢英语但是她说得不好。
My father was reading a book when my mum was cooking.
我妈妈在做饭时爸爸在读书。
二、分类
1.并列连词：连接同等成分的词叫并列连词。
同等成分可以是单词、短语、分句或句子。连接两个句子时，构成并列句。
Eg: They like apples and bananas.
他们喜欢苹果和香蕉。
He is Chinese and he is in Class One.
他是中国人他在一班。
2.从属连词：把从句和主句连接起来的词叫从属连词。
从属连词分为引导名词性从句和副词性从句的连词。
Eg: I think that he is from England.(引导名词性从句）
我觉得他来自英国。
I was late because it rained heavily.（引导副词性从句）
我迟到了因为雨下得很大。
三、功能
连词的功能就是在句子中起连接作用。它们所连接的成分、成分的数量以及它们在连接成分中的位置方面并不完全相同。
* 连词在连接两个分句时总是置于其中一个分句之首。
Eg: We will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨我们将去公园。
* 并列连词and,or和but所连接的分句与前面的分句位置固定，不能调换。
Eg: The factory was opened two years ago and it closed down yesterday.
这个工厂两年前开业昨天倒闭了。
* 使用并列连词and,or和but就不能用其他连词，而从属连词则可以使用。
Eg: She is the woman that I met yesterday and that is from America.
(从属连词that前有并列连词and）
她是我昨天见到的女士她来自美国。
四、并列连词
1.表示平行关系的连词及短语
平行关系的并列连词使用中要注意连词前后的成分一般是对等的。
Eg: One learns a language by making mistakes and correcting them.
一个人可以通过犯错误和改正错误来学习一门语言。
* and “和”,表并列或顺承关系。
Eg: I am doing homework and he is doing homework, too.
我正在做作业并且他也正在做作业。
* both...and...“两者都...”,连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are from America.
丽丽和露西都来自美国。
* not only...but also...“不但...而且...”,连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Not only you but also he wants to buy this book.
不仅你而且他也想买这本书。
* neither...nor...“两者都不...”,连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则。
Eg: Neither you nor he likes apples.
你和他都不喜欢苹果。
2.表转折关系的连词及短语
表转折关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但意义是相反的。
Eg: I don’t have a soccer ball, but my brother does.
我没有足球但是我哥哥有。
* but “但是”，表转折关系
Eg: My father is watching TV but my mother is cooking.
我的爸爸在看电视但我的妈妈在做饭。
* however “然而”,表转折关系
Eg: He was feeling bad.He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服。但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。
3.表选择关系的连词及短语
表示选择关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但是意思是有所取舍的。
Eg: You may either stay here or go with me.
你可以呆在这儿，也可以跟我去。
* or “或者”，表选择关系
Eg: Do you like apples or pears
你喜欢苹果还是梨？
* either...or...“或者...或者...”, 连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循临近原则
Eg: Either you or he is right.
不是你对了就是他对了。
4.表因果关系的连词及短语
表示因果关系的并列连词在使用中要注意连词前后的成分是对等的，但前后两分句一个表示原因，一个表示结果。
Eg: It must be morning now, for birds are singing.
现在一定是早上，因为鸟儿正在唱歌。
* for “因为”，表原因关系
Eg: Mike must be at home, for the light in his room is on.
迈克肯定在家，因为他房间里面的等亮着。
* so “所以”， 表因果关系
Eg: There is so much haze around us, so we should do something to protect the environment.
我们身边有这么多的雾霾，所以我们应该做些事来保护环境。
五、从属连词
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词：
* when “当...时候”, 从句用一般过去时，主句过去进行时，从句动词可以是延续性也可是非延续
Eg: She was doing homework when the bell rang.
铃声响的时候她正在做作业。
* while “当...时候”, 从句与主句一般皆用进行时态，且从句谓语动词必须为延续性动词。
Eg: My mum was cooking while my father was watching TV.
我爸爸在看电视的时候妈妈在做饭。
* after “在...之后”, 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。
Eg: You can watch TV after you read a book.
你读书之后可以看电视。
* before “在...之前”, 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
Eg: You must wash your hand before you have dinner.
你吃饭前必须洗手。
* until/till “直到...”，常与not连用，构成not...until “直到...才”
Eg: I didn’t go to bed until my mum came back.
直到妈妈回来我才去睡觉。
* since “自...以来”, 主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
Eg: I have learned English since I was eight years old.
我从八岁学英语。
* as soon as “一...就”，引导的从句常用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
Eg: I will call you as soon as I arrive there.
我一到那就给你打电话。
2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词：
* if “如果”, 引导的条件状语从句需遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
Eg: He will attend the meeting if it is fine tomorrow.
如果明天天气好，他就去参加会议。
* unless “除非；如果不”,
unless可以转化为“if...not...”结构，主从句的时态与if引导的条件状语从句一致。
Eg: You will forget it unless you use it.
你会忘记它除非你用它。
* as soon as “只要”,引导的条件状语从句同if引导的一致。
Eg: As soon as you study hard, you will pass the exam.
只要你努力学习，你就会通过考试。
3.引导让步状语从句的从属连词：
* though “尽管”
Eg: I had to go to work though it rained heavily.
我不得不去工作尽管雨下得大。
* although “尽管”,可与though互换。
Eg: Although it rained heavily, I had to go to work.
尽管雨下得大，但是我不得不去上班。
* even though/if “即使”
Eg: Even though/if I have enough time, I don’t want to go there with him.
即使我有足够的时间，我也不想和他去那。
注意： 引导让步状语从句时，不能与but同时使用。
4.引导原因状语从句的从属连词：
* because “因为”, 回答用why引导的问句，不能和so同时使用。
Eg: -- Why were you late for school today
你今天为什么上学迟到？
--Because I got up late.
因为我起来晚了。
* since “既然”, 语气比because弱，表示对方已知的原因。
Eg: Since he says so, it must be true.
既然你这么说，那一定是真的。
* as “由于；因为”, 语气比since弱。as引导的从句与主句具有同等的重要性。
Eg: Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.
因为天黑了妈妈开始担心我的弟弟。
5.引导结果状语从句的从属连词：
*so...that... “如此...以至于”, so后面需跟形容词或副词。
Eg: This boy is so young that he can’t dress himself.
这个男孩如此年轻以至于他不会给自己穿衣服。
* such...that... “如此...以至于...” such后面需跟名词。
Eg: He is such a young boy that he can’t dress himself.
他是如此年轻的男孩以至于他不会自己穿衣服。
6.引导目的状语从句的从属连词：
* so that “以便于”
* in order that “为了”
二者可进行互换。
Eg: I get up early so that I can catch the first bus.
= I get up early in order that I can catch the first bus.
我起得早为了能赶上头班车。
二、专项练习
( )1.You’d better study hard, ____ you won’t pass the exam.
A.and
B.so
C.or
D.but
( )2._____ Lucy ______ Mary like this film very much.
A.Both; and
B.Neither; nor
C.Either; or
D. Not only; but also
( )3.He is so fat, ______ he don’t want to lose weight.
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
( )4.____ Mr.Wang ____ Miss.Zhang is so nice.Their students like them very much.
A.Both; and
B.Neither; nor
C.Either; or
D.Not only; but also
( )5.Pandas are in danger.The situation won’t change _____ humans stop killing.
A.unless
B.though
C.if
D.after
( )6.You’d better finish your homework ______ you go to bed.
A.since
B.until
C.before
D.after
( )7.I have been here _______ five years ago.
A.for
B.before
C.after
D.since
( )8.______ it is raining heavily now, he has to go to work.
A.Unless
B.Although
C.If
D.Until
( )9.You failed the exam, ______ you must study harder.
A.so
B.and
C.or
D.but
( )10.My mum says _____ I do my homework now, I can watch TV for an hour tonight.
A.though
B.if
C.while
D.because
( )11.My parents always help me _______ I am in trouble.
A.because
B.although
C.when
D.after
( )12.I didn’t go home ______ I finish my work.
A.so
B.because
C.as
D.until
( )13.You make lunch, ____ I’ll take care of the baby.
A.but
B.or
C.for
D.and
( )14.We just have one apple left, _____ you or ______ your brother can eat it.
A.both; and
B.neither; nor
C.either; or
D.not only; but also
( )15.I will visit you ______ I come back.
A.since
B.as soon as
C.until
D.even though
( )16._______ you work hard, you will get good grades.
A.As soon as
B.Even though
C.So that
D.As long as
( )17.This is _____ a cute girl _____ everyone likes her.
A.so; that
B.such; that
C.not; until
D.even; though
( )18.I must remember you all the time ______ you are so nice.
A.because
B.so
C.after
D.before
( )19.There will be less pollution ______ more people use public transportation.
A.if
B.unless
C.but
D.though
( )20.This dress is so nice, ______ I don’t like it.
A.for
B.so
C.but
D.and
( )21.You must keep on working in the evening, ____ you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A.as
B.if
C.when
D.unless
( )22.Our teachers were having a meeting _______ we were playing in the playground.
A.when
B.while
C.as
D.for
( )23.This movie is ____ interesting ____ we are ready to see it again.
A.such; that
B.so; that
C.both; and
D.in order; that
( )24.It’s hard for us to say goodbye ______ we have so many days to remember.
A.though
B.if
C.while
D.because
( )25.You will fall behind others ______ you work hard.
A.if
B.unless
C.though
D.since
( )26.Take the exam carefully, _____ you won’t get full marks.
A.but
B.and
C.or
D.so
( )27.My grandfather is strong ______ he is over 80 years old.
A.but
B.although
C.and
D.or
( )28.It was _____ lovely weather ____ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A.such; that
B.such a; that
C.such; as
D.so; that
( )29.You can choose to watch TV at home _____ go shopping with me.
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
( )30.The shops were closed _____ I didn’t get any milk.
A.so
B.as
C.or
D.but
( )31.She didn’t leave the classroom ____ she worked out this math question.
A.as long as
B.until
C.since
D.while
( )32.You can play computer games _____ you finish your homework.
A.unless
B.before
C.after
D.and
( )33.I’m really tired because I studied _____ midnight last night.
A.until
B.before
C.when
D.after
( )34.We have been friends _____ we were six years old.
A.for
B.since
C.when
D.before
( )35._____ the man is so clever, he can make mistakes,too.
A.Since
B.If
C.Unless
D.Even though
( )36.The old man leads a simple life, ______ he has a lot of money.
A.although
B.so
C.unless
D.because
( )37.I always get up early on weekdays, _____ I’m afraid I will be late for school.
A.or
B.though
C.since
D.because
( )38._____ he _____ I like this book, because it is very boring.
A.Both; and
B.Either; or
C.Neither; nor
D.Not only; but also
( )39.Which fruit do you prefer to eat, apples _____ oranges
A.and
B.but
C.so
D.or
( )40.It is raining heavily, _____ none of the students are late for school.
A.although
B.but
C.so
D.until
用所给连词填空
（unless; although; or; before; but; because; if; while; and; until）
41.My father is very thin _______ he is in good health.
42.Li Ming failed in this English test _________ he didn’t work hard at it.
43.They still didn’t stop working _____ it was raining heavily.
44.You will hurt yourself ____ you are always riding on a bike so fast.
45.The students didn’t leave the classroom _____ the teacher asked them to.
46.Hurry up ______ you’ll miss the early train.
47.He won’t work out the maths problem _____ I help him.
48.The boy was doing his homework _____ his sister was playing in the living room.
49.You must finish your homework _____ you go home.
50.You can knock at the window strongly, _______ it will be opened.
【答案】
1 -- 5 CABDA 6 -- 10 CDBAB
11 -- 15 CDDCB 16 -- 20 ABAAC
21 -- 25 DBBDB 26 -- 30 CBADA
31 -- 35 BCABD 36 -- 40 ADCDB
41.but 42.because 43.although
44.if 45.until
46.or 47.unless 48.while
49.before 50.and

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