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八年级下册宾语从句综合练习
一、什么是宾语从句？
宾语从句是在主从复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。如
The teacher said we would have PE test next week. 老师说我们下星期考体育。
↓ ↓
主句 从句 (宾语从句)
Could you tell me where we can find Tony 你能告诉我们在哪里找到Tony吗？
↓ ↓
主句 从句 (宾语从句)
二、宾语从句三要素
要素一【连接词】
★1. that 引导的宾语从句，引导陈述句，陈述一件事情，that一般情况下可以省略。
I know (that) he is a boy.
特殊用法：否定前移，满足否定前移的三个条件是：
（1）主句的主语是第 人称；
（2）主句的时态是 ；
（3）主句的谓语动词是“认为，相信”概念的词，例如 。
对应练习：翻译.
1. 我们认为他明天不会来。
2. 我不相信他会完成作业。
★2. if/whether引导的宾语从句，引导一般疑问句，一般情况下两者可以互换，不能省略。
特殊情况：只能用whether的三种情况
（1） （2） （3）
对应练习：用whether/if填空。
1. I want to know he will go to the park with us.
2. Ask him he can come.
3. I don’t know it is going to rain or not.
★3. 连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）或how的词组引导的宾语从句，引导特殊疑问句。因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可以省略。
Do you know what time the plane leaves
Could you tell us how long the meeting will last
对应练习：
1. The young man asked _____ it's summer or winter.
A. when B. that C. if D. whether
2. We don't know ______ they did it .
A. how B. who C. what D. which
3. The teacher asks us ____ Jim can come back on time .
A. that B. if C. when D. what time
4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
5. I wonder(想知道) _______ he is crying now .
A. that B. why C. how D. when
6. Have you found out ______ we can do on Hainan Island
A. what B. how C. if D. whether
7. Lily said _______ she had finished her composition(作文).
A. if B. that C. when D. where
8. I don’t know ______ he still lives here .
A. where B. what C. when D. whether
要素二【宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分】
Where does he live I don’t know. = I don’t know where he lives.
对应练习一：判断以下两个选项哪个是正确的
1. When will he go to the library
A: His brother asks when he will go to the library .
B: His brother asks when will he go to the library .
2. What does he want to buy
A: I don’t know what he wants to buy .
B: I don’t know what does he want to buy .
3. Who are we going to meet
A: Can you tell me who we are going to meet
B：Can you tell me who are we going to meet
4. Does he know French
A: We want to know if/whether he knows French .
B: We want to know if/whether does he know French.
5. Will they go to Canada in summer
A: They’ re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer .
B: They’ re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer .
对应练习二：把下面两个句子合成一个宾语从句：
1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday Do you know
Do you know
2. Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .
Jim told Lin Tao .
3. Which book should I read first Please tell me .
Please tell me .
4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us in yesterday’s class .
Our teacher told us in yesterday’s class .
注意事项:
1.could/would有时是委婉语气，不是过去式。宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。
Could you please tell me where we show our tickets
Would you like to know when he will come back？
2.主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk .
He asks if I like playing the piano .
You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .
要素三【时态】
口诀：主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。
1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I know he lives here .
I know he lived here ten years ago .
I have heard that he will come tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）
I knew who lived here.
I saw she was talking with her mother.
He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.
He said that he had seen it .
3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。
The teacher said the sun rises from the east.
对应练习：用所给词适当形式填空，不限词数。
1. I didn’t know what time he the letter at this time yesterday. (write)
2. Miss Wang told me that the earth (move) round the sun.
3. Could you tell me who away the book already (take)
4. Ling Feng told me he to Shanghai several times. (be)
5. Our teacher told us in class the sun in the east. (rise)
6. Can you tell me what they yesterday (do)
【过关小测】一切二主三时
单项选择。
1. Could you show me ________
A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station
2. Please tell me _______.
A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like
3. My sister told him ________ .
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you live
4. Could you tell me where we _______ next week .
A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go
5. Could you tell me how much ________to fly to Ankang
A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs
6. The small children don't know ______.
A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings
C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings
7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _______ .
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
8. Could you tell me how long __________
A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book
C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China

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