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教 学 内 容 9A Unit 2 Grammar
教 学 目 标 1 宾语从句的定义及功能 2 由that, whether, if 引导的宾语从句 3 宾语从句的语序
重 点 1掌握并能正确使用由that, whether, if 引导的宾语从句 2 宾语从句的语序
难 点 1掌握并能正确使用由that, whether, if 引导的宾语从句 2 宾语从句的语序
教 学 准 备 知识点、巩固练习、课堂练习、课后作业
教学过程
Step 1 Preview 什么是宾语？什么是宾语从句？ 宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词短语来担任。宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball. (动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语） Do you know that colors can influence our moods (一个句子作宾语) Step 2 Object Clause 一、that 引导的宾语从句 宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语，在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。 一、引导词本身的省略与不省略 1. 可以省略 连词that引导宾语从句，只起连接主、从句的作用，它本身无意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： He says (that) he is a Young Pioneer. 他说他是个少先队员。 2. 不可以省略 从句的主语是that时，that不省略。如： We know that that is an interesting story．我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。 二、何时使用that引导的宾语从句 that引导的宾语从句，表示陈述一件事，即由陈述句转化而来。如： He says (that) he is listening to the weather report．他说他正在听天气预报。 1. 主句的谓语动词是 think, hear, hope, wish, remember, forget, know, say, guess等时，常接that引导的宾语从句。如： I hope (that) he will be fine soon． 我希望他很快好起来。 2. 主句由“连系动词＋形容词”构成的“系表”结构，常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如 happy, glad, pleased, sad, sure, afraid 等等。如： I’m afraid (that) he can’t come． 恐怕他不能来了。 三、that引导的宾语从句相关的内容 1. 语序 不论什么情况下，宾语从句都要用陈述语序，即“主语＋谓语＋其它”。如： Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy 你认为收音机太吵吗？ 2. 时态 that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。如： He says (that) they have returned already. 他说他们已经回来了。 如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。如： He said (that) he bought a new dictionary.他说他买了本新词典。 [注]如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等，尽管主句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。如： Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 我们老师告诉我们，光比声音传播得快。 二、whether 或if引导的宾语从句 whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。其语序必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分”。如：Ask him whether / if he can come. 问下他是否能来。 但在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用，而if一般不能。 如：正：Let me know whether you can come or not. 误：Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。如： 正：Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 误：If it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如： 正：I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 误：I don’t know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如： 正：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 误：I worry about if I hurt her feelings. 5. whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。如： 正：It was uncertain whether he would come. 误：It was uncertain if he would come. 三、归纳总结 thatwhether/if不同点由陈述句转化而来由一般疑问句转化而来一般可以省略不可以省略无意义有意义-是否共同点引导宾语从句时，都不作成分，只起到连接作用引导的从句都用陈述句语序
注意：1 宾语从句的时态问题 2 whether/if 的区别 Step 3 Language points (1) She is sure that yellow can bring her good luck. (P.26) luck作不可数名词，表示“运气”，形容词为lucky，副词是luckily。 例如： He always has good in what he does. She was enough to be chosen for the team. ，he wasn’t hurt in the accident. (2) certainly adv.必定地,无疑地 eg: Several countries certainly hope so. 一些国家肯定希望如此。 考向:certainly 为certain 的副词。certain 意为“确实的,无疑的"。 在肯定句和疑问句中,certainly 用于be动词,助动词和情态动词后,行为动词前。 在否定句中,certainly 用于be动词,助动词和情态动词之前。 如:He will certainly come.他肯定会来. We certainly can't forget that.我们当然不能忘记那件事。 注意: 用在答语中表示“当然可以,没问题”,此时可以与 sure, of course 互换. 考题在线 -What about going to Shang hai Disneyland Park next month, Harry - ! We'll have a lot of fun there. A. Good luck B. Never mind C. Sounds great D. Certainly not (3) I think colours can influence our everyday lives in many ways. (P.26) everyday是形容词，意为“日常的”只作定语； every day是副词短语，在句中作时间状语。 例如： The Internet had become a part of everyday life. 充当 成分 We should take exercise every day. 充当 成分 (4) Most people think light colours are better than dark colors. (P.26) light此处用作形容词，表示“浅色的、淡色的”，其反义词为dark“深色的”。 I prefer light colours to dark ones. (5) I notice light colours make rooms seem larger. (P.26) ① notice作动词，表示“注意、留意”，常用的结构有：notice sb. do sth. “注意到某人做了某事或者做某事的全过程”；notice sb. doing sth.“注意某人正在做某事”。 例如： I noticed him enter the room. I noticed the thief stealing the car when I passed by. [拓展]notice的其它用法 1. notice作可数名词，表示“通知、布告、告示”。 例如： There’re many notices in the newspaper. There is a notice saying “Keep off the grass”. 2. notice作不可数名词，表示“注意、留意”，常构成短语take notice of“注意”。 His speech brought him into public notice. ② seem此处作系动词，表示“似乎、好像”，常用于“seem+名词/形容词/动词不定式/that从句”结构。 例如： She seems happy. He seems a nice man. They seem to know what happened. It seems that she is unhappy. (6) Is the sports bag made of cotton (P.27) be made of意为“由……制成”，从成品能看出原材料。 The desk is made of wood. [拓展] 相关短语 1. be made from“由……制成”，从成品看不出原材料。 The wine is made from grapes. 2. be made in “在某地制造”。 The car is made in China. 3. be made up of “由……组成，由……构成”。 The park is made up of a man-made lake and a hill. 4. be made into “被制成”。 His novel was made into a film. (7) Should I stay at home instead of going shopping with my classmates. (P.27) instead of介词短语，意为“代替、而不是”。 例如： We went there on foot instead of by bike. I like walking instead of running. [拓展] instead of是介词短语，用于句中，后接名词、代词或动名词；instead是副词，用于句尾，在句中作状语。 例如： He will be on duty instead of me tomorrow. They didn’t go swimming. They went to play football instead. (8) You may wonder if/whether it represents anything else (P.28) else作副词，意为“别的、其它的”，常放在不定代词或者疑问词后面。 例如： I can see nobody else in the room. Where else have you ever been 随堂练习 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成句子 1 This is a story about an (古老的）village. 2.I practise my (日常的）English in the morning. 3.Do you think this coat (适合）him 4.Does he have a good (关系）with his wife 5.Tony is top of our class. I (想知道）how he studies so well. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 6.The party was a (celebrate) of his success. 7.It’s a matter of ( person) taste. 8.Is this book (suit) for your son 9.She is very kind and I feel (relax)with her. 10.This story was very fun. It made all of us (laugh). 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 11 .这些T恤衫是棉制的，穿着很舒服。 These T-shirts cotton. They are comfortable to wear. 12.洪水过后，在政府的帮助下，人们没有伤心，而是充满了希望。 With the government's help, people are full of hope after the flood. 13.刀子被用来切割东西。 Knives cutting things 14.那位外国人正渐渐适应宜宾的气候与食物。 The foreigner is gradually getting the climate and food in Yibin. 四、选择题 15.I don’t know she could finish the work by the end of this month. A.whether B. what C. when 16.I know I promised to come to your party. A.that B. if C. what D. why 17.—What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend 一OK. But I'm not sure it will rain. A.why B. where C. what D. whether 18.—Mr. Black, could you tell me 一At 10:00 tomorrow morning. A.where we'll go hiking B.when we’ll have a meeting C.whether you’ll come lo my birthday party 19.—I hope you my party next weekend. —OK, I A.to come to; will B.come to； can C.can come to； am D.can come to； will 20.Tom asked whether after he finished his project. A.can he go to the cinema B.he can go to the cinema C.he could go to the cinema 21.—Excuse me, can I interview Mr Miller this afternoon 一One moment. please. Let me check A.if Mr Miller will be free B.when will Mr Miller have time C.if Mr Miller had an appointment D.when does Mr Miller come back 22.Do you know or not Xuzhou tomorrow A.whether ； are they leaving for B.whether； they are leaving for C.if; they are leaving for D.if； are they leaving for 23.—What did your teacher say this morning 一She told us . A.why was Tom late for school again B.whether we have too much homework C.how did she come to school this morning D.that we would have a test soon 24.——Do you know tomorrow —Sony, I don’t know. You may surf the Internet. A.whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rain D. if will it rain 25.He said that light much faster than sound. A.has travelled B. travelling C. travels D. travelled 26一 Mary, could you tell me if your mother our school sports meeting next Monday 一She will come if she free. A.will take part in； will be B.takes part in； is C.will take part in； is D.takes part in； will be 27.They were asked their baby caught a cold during that time. A. which B. what C. whether D. who 28.—Could you please tell me 一Yes. There is one on Center Street. A.where can I buy some stamps B.when you will take your vacation C.when was the telephone invented D.if there are any good restaurants around here 29.一Could you please tell me —Yes, sure. A.if there is a bookshop near here B.where can I buy a stamp C.when will the next bus arrive D.you like to eat what 30.—Helen , do you know if Martin to my party next week —I think he will come if he free. A.will come ； will be B.will come； is C.come; is D.comes; will be 31.—Let’s go to the community if it tomorrow. —But nobody knows if it tomorrow. A.won't rain ； rains B.doesn’t rain ； rains C.doesn't rain ； will rain D.won't rain ； will rain 32.Don't worry. We are thinking about . A.what should we do next B.if we should do that C.that we should do 33.—Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow 一Sure. But first we should find out A.what can we do B.where we can go C.how can we go there D.if it will be open 34.—It’s Monday. Sam lost his MP4 last Wednesday and he hasn’t found it. 一Really Do you mean __ A.did Sam lose his MP4 five days ago B.Sam lost his MP4 for five days C.it’s five days since Sam lost his MP4 D.has Sam lost his MP4 for five days
一、 1. ancient 2. everyday 3. suits 4. relationship 5. wonder
二、 6. celebration 7. personal 8. suitable 9.relaxed 10. laugh
三、 11. are made of 12. instead of being sad 13.are used for 14. used to
四、15. A点拨：考杏宾语从句引导词的用法。 句恋为：我不知道她月底前足否能完成这项 工作。whether足否；what什么；when何时。 根据句总可知选A。
16.A点拨:此题考杏宾语从句的引导词。从 句足一个完整的陈述句，用that连接，故 选A。
17.D点拨:此题考杏宾语从句的引导同。根 据答句“好的。怛我不确定是否会下雨。” 可知选0。
18.B
19.D点拨：此题考杏时态。I hope后加that 从句，由时间状语next weekend可知答语中 用 will。
20.C点拨：此题考杳宾语从句的用法a A选 项语序错误,未用陈述语序；再荇，因为主句 是一般过去时，从句也要用过去的某种时 态，故选C。
21.A点拨:此题考査宾语从句的用法。宾语 从句应用陈述语序，排除B、D项。问句询 问的是this afternoon(今天下午）的琪愤，应 该用一般将来时。故选A。
22.B点拨:此题考杏宾语从句。宾语从句要 用陈述语序，所以排除A、D选项；if不能与 or not连用，故选B。
23.D 点拨：此题考杏宾语从句以及引导词3
宾语从句用陈述语序，根据主句可判断从句 应该用与过去相关的某种时态，故选D。
24.B点拨：此题考赉宾语从句的用法。宾语 从句耍用陈述语序。句意为:——明天是否 会下雨，你知道吗？——对不起，我不知道， 你可以上网査一下。故选B。
25.C点拨：此题考查宾语从句的时态。如果 从句讲述的是客观琪实或真理时，从句时态 不受主句时态的限制，要用一般现在时。句 :S:他说光比声音传揺快得多。故选C。
26.C点拨：此题考査if引导的宾语从句及条 件状语从句的用法。问句包含由if引导的 宾语从句，时间状语为next Momlay.故用一 般将来时；答语包含由if引导的条件状语从 句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，故 选C0
27.C点拨：此题考杏宾语从句的引导词。分 析句子结构可知空后为一个完整的句子，不 缺少句子成分，故可以推断，用whether引导宾语从句，表示“足否”。句意为：他们被询 问他们的孩子退否在那段时间得过感行。 故选C。
28.D点拨：此题考迸宾语从句。在主从笈合 句中宾语从句用陈述语序，故排除A、C两 项。根据答语句愆“是的，在中央大街上布 一家。”可判断问句是提问附近足否有萊个 场所。故选D。
29.A 点拨：宾语从句用陈述语序，所以排除 B、C;食语从句的特殊疑问同要放句首，用 陈述语序;if表示“是否”。故选A。
30.B点拨:此题考杳时态。句意——海伦，马 丁下周足否来我的聚会，你知道吗？——我 认为如果他冇空，他会来的。问句中的if: 为“是否”，引导宾语从句，根据nexl week可 知宾语从句用一般将来时;答语中的if引导 条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用 一般现在时。故选B。
31.C点拨：此题考杏时态。笫一句中的if引 导的是条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将 来；第二句中的if引导的是宾语从句，根据 时间状语tomorrow可知用一般将來时。
32.B
33.D点拨:此题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语 从句的语序为陈述语序，根据上下句可知 “首先我们应该杏明它是否开放"。因此 选00
34.C点拨：宾语从句耍用陈述语序，排除A、 D项，lose足短暂性动词，不能接表示时间 段的词，故选C。

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