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Unit 2单元同步知识梳理&测试 教师版
【知识梳理】
一、词汇Words
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 pole /p l/ n. 杆子
2 cormorant /'k m( )r( )nt/ n. 鸬鹚
3 elderly /'eld l / adj. 上了年纪的
4 control /k n'tr l/ v. 控制
5 raft /rɑ ft/ n. 木排
6 underwater / nd 'w t / adv. 在水下
7 require /r 'kwa / v. 需要
8 rod /r d/ v. 杆，竿
9 bamboo /b m'bu / n. 竹子
10 reach /ri t / v. 到达
11 swallow /'sw l / v. 吞下
12 bang /b / v. 猛敲，砸
13 hang /h / v. 悬挂
14 remove /r 'mu v/ v. 移走
15 rest /rest/ n. 剩下部分，其余
16 traditional /tr 'd ( )n( )l/ adj. 传统的
17 skill /sk l/ n. 技能
18 skin /sk n/ n. 皮肤
19 mention /men ( )n/ v. 提到
20 straight /stre t/ adj. 直的
21 situation /s tj 'e ( )n/ n. 场景
22 imagine / 'm d n/ v. 想象
二、词组Phrases
up to 到达（某数量，程度等）；至多有
set off=set out/start 出发；动身（注意：同义句转换）
so that=in order to/in order that/so that （表示目的）为了，以便（同上）
up and down 起伏；上下波动
at night 在夜晚
be good at doing sth.=do well in 擅长做某事
be used to do=be used for doing 被用来做某事
require sb. to do sth.(require=need) 要求某人做某事
enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事
be divided into 被分成（几分）
except for 除……之外
be interested in doing=be fond of=be keen on 对...感兴趣
no more=not any more=no longer/not any longer 不再
in the world 在这个世界上
thousands of (区别two thousand) 成千上万
the majority of 大部分
be processed into 被加工成
by hand 用手
instead of=take the place of 而不是,代替
be famous for=be well-known for （区别be famous as/be well-known as） 因...而出名
be proud of=take pride in 为...感到骄傲
be of average height 平均身高，中等个头
elder sister 姐姐
三、词性转换
1 able adj. 能干的
unable adj. 无能的
enable v. 使能够
ability n. 能力
2 elder adj. 年长的
older adj. old的比较级
elderly adj. 年老的
3 fish n. 鱼；鱼肉
v. 钓鱼；捕鱼
fisherman n. 渔夫，渔民
4 frighten v. 使……害怕
frightened adj. 受惊吓的；吃惊的（一般指人）
frightening adj. 恐怖的（一般指物）
5 high adj.&adv. 高的/高高地
highly adv. 高度地，非常
height n. 高度
6 move v. 移动，搬动，搬家；感动
remove v. 移除
7 probable adj. 很可能的
probably adv. 很可能地，大概，或许
8 surprise n. 惊奇，诧异
surprised adj. 感到惊奇的
surprising adj. 令人惊讶的
9 tradition n. 传统
traditional adj. 传统的
10 true adj. 真的，真实的
truth n. 真理，真相，实际情况
truly adv. 真地
11 use v. 使用
useful adj. 有用的
usefully adv. 有用地
useless adj. 无用的
uselessly adv. 无用地
12 west n. 西方；西部
adj. 西方的；向西的
western adj. 西方的
四、课文、词汇复习
Fishing with birds
Damin sits on the side of the river cooking a meal, with a large bird on his head. The bird is a cormorant, and Damin is a fisherman. He is over 65 now but s___1___ works every day. He is thin, and of average height, but he is very fit. Although he is an elderly man, he is s___2___ enough to control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his cormorants.
Cormorants are large black birds. They are good at catching fish b___3___ they can swim well underwater. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water. They can dive down 25 metres, and s___4___ underwater for up to two minutes.
Damin does not require nets or a fishing rod to catch fish. It is done for him by his 12 cormorants. Damin’s fishing t___5___ often begins in the late afternoon. He sets off on his bamboo raft with his birds. When he reaches the right place, he s___6___. He ties a piece of grass around the neck of each bird, so that it cannot swallow the fish. The he pushes the birds into the water, and jumps up and down and bangs the water with his pole. The fish are f___7___ by this. At night a light is hung from the front of the raft. This enables Damin to see better, and also a___8___ the fish. The cormorants swim down and catch the fish, and bring them b___9___ to the raft. The fish are then removed from the birds’ mouths by Damin and thrown into a big basket. Later some of the fish are sold, and the r___10___ are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.
Cormorants fishing is a t___11___ Chinses skill, probably more than a thousand years old. Damin enjoys his work, and he is teaching his grandson everything he knows. However, f___12___ young people are interested in doing this type of work in the modern world. In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant fishermen in the world.
1. s__________ 2. s__________ 3. b__________ 4. s__________
5. t__________ 6. s__________ 7. f__________ 8. a__________
9. b__________ 10. r__________ 11. t__________ 12. f__________
【答案】1. still 2. strong 3. because 4. stay 5. trip 6. stops
7. frightened 8. attracts 9. back 10. rest 11. traditional 12. few
五、词义辨析
1.look的其它常用搭配：
look down俯瞰 look at朝……看 look for寻找 look after照顾 look up查看；抬头看
look forward to期盼(to为介词)
2. have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示非主观意愿。当用于否定和疑问句时，要用助动词do。反义疑问句用do/does/don’t/doesn’t等反问。
3. fit adj. 健康的；合适的 【近义】 healthy 【知识拓展】fitness n.健康
4. hang v. 悬挂；垂下
【知识拓展】 hang——hung——hung 悬挂
hang——hanged——hanged上吊；绞死
5.a small number of … 一小部分
a number of+可数名词复数：许多 a large number of +可数名词复数：大量
a large/huge amount of/ huge amounts of/ a great deal of +不可数名词：许多/大量...
the number of … ：...的数量是（谓语动词用单数）
6.depend v.依靠; depend on 依靠；取决于; dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的; independent adj.独立的。
7.mean v.意思是;打算 adj.吝啬的;刻薄的（熟词生义）
meaning n.意义,意思; meaningful adj.有意义的; meaningless adj.无意义的
mean to do sth打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
8.be aware of意识到,注意 be unaware of 没有意识到；没有注意到
【词性变换】awareness认识;意识;知道
9.be interested in sth. 对……感兴趣
【同义词组】 be keen on/show interest in/be fond of/be fascinated by
【指点迷津】 interesting& interested
interesting表示“有趣的”，指人或事物本身是有趣的，而interested表示“感兴趣的”，一般指人对某事物、某人感兴趣，常用人做主语，可构成固定搭配be interested in。
【知识拓展】 v.-ing型形容词与v.-ed型形容词：interest用做动词，其后加-ing和-ed都可变为形容词，但是动词加-ing形式的形容词，表示的是“人或事物本身所具有的性质”；而动词加-ed构成的形容词，表示被动之意，常指“使人……”，主语常为人。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
10.die v.死；死亡; dying adj.将死的；奄奄一息的; dead adj.无生命体征的,死亡的; death n.死亡; die of死于（内因）; die from死于（外因）
11.at once/right now/immediately/ right away 立刻；马上
12.succeed v.成功, successful adj.成功的
do sth successfully=succeed in doing sth=manage to do sth.=be able to成功做某事
13.be good at擅长于= do well in 【反义】 be poor at拙劣于 = do badly in
14.in fifty years 五十年后/内
【指点迷津】 in, after
①“in + 一段时间”指“（将来的）一段时间之后”，用how soon 提问。
②“after + 一段时间”或“一段时间 + after”表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后”
e.g. He went home after two days. 他两天后回家了。
15.不定代词辨析：other; others; the other; the others; another; the rest
◎other：修饰可数名词，表示“另外的……其他的……”。
例：There are other dangers.这里有其他的危险。
◎others：一部分可以用some来指代，泛指另一部分可以用others来指代。some...,others...一些...,一些...。others也可以指“其他人”，首字母常考。
例：Others say that China is a great country.其他人说中国是个伟大的国家。
There are many persons on the playground.Some are playing football,others are singing.
在操场上有许多人。一些人在踢足球，一些人在唱歌。（还有其他人在做其他事情。）
◎the other：只用于两个事物，两者中的一个用one，另一个用the other。one...the other...一个...,另一个...。
例：He held a sword in one hand and pistol in the other.他一手握着剑，另一只手拿枪。
◎the others：范围确定，one指范围内的一个，the others为范围内余下的全部；或范围内的一些(some)，另一方为范围内余下的全部(the others)。
some...,the others...。一些...,剩下的...。
例：To this question,some select the first answer,and the others select the second one.对于这道题，有些人选择了第一个答案，其余人则选择了第二个答案。（没有其他人做其他选择。）
◎another：代词；用于三个或三个上，泛指另一个another。后加可数名词单数或者基数词（大于等于2）+可数名词复数。
another week 另一周，再一周
another two weeks另两周，再两周
例：One is policeman,another is worker,and the third is teacher.一个是警察，另一个是工人，第三个是老师。
◎any放在肯定句，表示“任何一个”，后面加可数名词单数；
any other（除自己之外）任何一下，后面加可数名词单数。
例：Tom is taller than any girl in his class.Tom比他班里的任何一个女孩都要高。
Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.Tom比他班里除他之外的任何一个男生都要高。
用比较级表示最高级的用法：
Tom is the tallest in his class.
=Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
=Tom is taller than anyone else in his class.
=Tom is taller than the others in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other student in his class.
单项选择
1. My family has two dogs. One is white, __________ is black.
A. other B. another C. the other D.others
解析：考查代词的用法。one … the other…“一个……，另一个……”。other“其余的”，后跟名词；another“另一个”，用于三者或以上的另一个；the other用于二者之间的“另一个”；others“其余的，别的”，后面不跟名词。结合句意可知此处指两者之间的另一个。因此答案选C。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
2. --- The shoes don’t fit me.Would you please show me __________
--- Sure. Here you are.
the other one B. the others C. another pair D. another one
解析：句意：--这双鞋不合适我，请你再给我拿一双好吗？---当然可以，给你。another再一，另一，又一，表泛指，可单独使用，也可以修饰名词或代词；the other 和 the other one 两者中的另一个；the others 其他的（表复数），another one表示另一个，表示另一双应该用another pair. 因此答案选C。
3. The twins are so much alike that it is difficult to tell one from __________.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
解析：句意：这双胞胎太像了以至于很难把其中一个和另外一个区分开。other其他的，表示泛指；the other两者中的另一个，表示特指；others=other+名词，指其余一部分，表示泛指；another三者或三者以上的另外一个，表示泛指。双胞胎为两个人，故答案选B。
4. Some people think that the grass is greener on __________ side of the hill.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
解析：句意：一些人总是这山望着那山高。山有两边，所以要用the other 来表示“两者中另一个”的概念，故答案选D。
5. --- Oh, the traffic is too heavy.
--- Let’s change __________ route to the airport.
other B. others C. the other D. another
解析：句意：---哦，交通太堵了。---让我们换另一条去机场的路线吧。根据句意，这里需要使用“另一”的概念，因此答案选D。
6. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. __________ are climbing the hill.
A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
解析：这里因为是代替复数名词，所以应用名词性的复数代名词。因此答案选A。?
7. I've just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, __________ are American stamps.
A.the other B.the others C.other D.others
解析：此空应填入主语。又因其范围已定，所以应选特指的代名词。the other只能用作单数，而others是泛指复数代名词，故只能选B。
8.用other, the other, others, the others 或another填空
He is taller than any __________ student in his class.
He is taller than __________ in his class.
He is taller than __________ students in his class.
Some students like pop music while __________ don’t in their school.
I want some __________ books besides this dictionary.
答案：1. other; the others;the other 2. others 3. other
16.few/a few
few一词解释为“很少数的，几乎没有的”，含有否定含义；而a few意为“有些；几个”，是肯定含义，两者都用来修饰可数名词。
17. unhappy adj. 不快乐的，不幸福的；悲伤的
unhappily adv.不开心地 happy adj.开心的；快乐的 happily adv.开心地；快乐地 happiness n.幸福 快乐
【拓展】
①否定前缀 un-加在名词、形容词或副词前：unfinished， undoubted， unhappy，unusual，unimportant等（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
②in-加在形容词，名词前：incorrect， inability， inaccurate，incomplete等
③im-加在字母m,b,p前：impossible, impolite等。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
注意：句中含有否定前缀的形容词不算否定句，反义疑问句时用否定反问。
e.g. He feels unhappy today,doesn’t he
18.care for =look after= take care of 关爱，照顾
19.stop…from = keep…from = prevent…form 阻止某事发生
20. what’s more=moreover 而且,此外。
21. living things 生物; live v.生活；生存；活着 adj.现场直播的（熟词生义）
alive adj.活着的，做表语或者补语，不做定语
e.g.He is still alive.他仍然活着。
There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。
lively adj.活泼的；生机勃勃的。
【巩固练习】
I. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given verbs. (用括号中所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。)
The doctor asked the children to open their __________ and say “Ah”. (mouth)
The __________ beat the surface of the water with his pole.(fish)
These skills will __________ you to find a good job on Wall Street.(able)
If you go to Africa, you will __________ meet lions or other animals on your way.(probable)
Unlike her sister, Ella is of average __________.(high)
His hard work soon __________ the teacher’s notice.(attraction)
A __________ wedding in the United States takes place in a church.(tradition)
Mr. Brown always makes his students __________ in his lessons.(interest)
A light was ______ in the front of the bamboo raft to light the surface of the river.(hang)
My __________ brother is two years older than I. (old)
That __________ man is Simon’s grandfather. (elder)
It is a __________ custom to greet people with both hands together in Thailand. (tradition)
I’m __________ sorry for interrupting you. (true)
The dentist __________ my broken teeth last Sunday. (move)
Look up in the dictionary, it __________ you to understand English words. (able)
【答案】1. mouths 2. fisherman 3. enable 4. probably 5. height 6. attracted 7. traditional
8.interested 9. hung 10. elder 11. elderly 12. traditional 13. truly 14. removed 15. enables
II.Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
The lions sleep during the day and hunt ______ night.
A. on B. in C. over D. at
The students can speak English fluently, but ______ of them can write well.
A. few B. a lot C. little D. a little
It’s difficult to remove the hook ______ the fish in the cold water.
A. from B. of C. to D. at
Cathy felt very ______ when she met her favourite star Jay Chou in the party.
A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily
5. I have given you ten picture books, and ______ are English novels.
A. other B. the other C. another D. the rest
6. This new hotel is welcomed these days and it can hold ______ 500 guests.
A. next to B. less C. up to D. at more
7. We could not ______ the airport in time for my flight.
A. get B. reach C. arrive D. arrive in
8. The machine is used ______ doctors measure the patients’ temperature.
A. help B. to helping C. to help D. helped
9. His father made a final check of the car before they ______.
A. set off B. set up C. set down D. set about
Please tell me the difference ______ the two English words.
A. among B. between C. with D. from
______ wonderful dictionary it is ! I love it very much.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
12 Our family picture is ______ on the wall of the dining room.
A. hang B. hanged C. hung D hunged
13 We were ______ to travel without any problems with the weather.
A. enough lucky B. too lucky
C. lucky too D. lucky enough
14. Mr. King didn’t know ______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. D
III. Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子)
Alice usually plays with her pet dog after school.(改为否定句)
Alice __________ usually __________ with her pet dog after school.
The red bike belongs to my mother.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ belongs to your mother
3. I changed seats with Daniel in order to sit next to my friend. (保持句意基本不变).
I changed seats with Daniel __________ __________ I can sit next to my friend.
4． The soldiers saved more than 100 workers from the coal mine in April. (改为被动语态)
More than 100 workers __________ __________ from the coal mine by the soldiers in April.
5. Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning. (改为反意疑问句)
Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, __________ __________
6． Will Frank go to the park with us Please tell me. (合并为一句)
Please tell me __________ Frank __________ go to the park with us.
【答案】1. doesn’t play 2 Which bike 3. so that 4. were saved 5. did she 6. if/whether… will
【随堂练习】
提高版
I.单项选择
( ) 1. Fangfang ran _________ than any other _________ in her class.
A. far quickly, students B. far quickly , student
C. much more quickly, student D. much more quickly, students
( ) 2. There are trees on ______ sides of the road.
A. either B. each C. both D. neither
( ) 3. They entered the room and found him ______ a picture.
A. draw B. to draw C. was drawing D. drawing
( ) 4. Could you tell me ______ the nearest bank
A. how can I get to B. how I can get to C. how get to D. how to get
( ) 5. I’d like to know what my pen-friend ________.
A. like B. is likes C. look like D. looks like
( ) 6. He told me that he ________ a cold for three days.
A. has B. has caught C. had had D. has had
( ) 7. When his name was called, I saw him ________ from his seat.
A. rose B. raise C. raised D. rise
( ) 8. I really don’t know if he _______ tomorrow. If he _______ , please tell me.
A. comes, will come B. comes, comes
C. will come, comes D. will come, will come
( ) 9. They usually have the traditional turkey ______ Christmas Day.
A. from B. at C. in D. on
( ) 10. _______ it was late at night, Mr Black was still working.
A. If B. Because C. Though D. As
( ) 11. They have _______ on a trip round the world .
A. taken off B. set off C. fallen off D. turn off
( ) 12. Let’s go out for a walk, ________
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. will you D. will we
( ) 13. These dinosaur eggs ________about 95 million years ago .
A. laid B. were lay C. were laid D. had laid
( ) 14. ________, he fell down and lost the game.
A. Surprisingly B. Surprising C. Surprised D. To surprise
( ) 15. They had to put off the picnic _______ it rained heavily.
A. so B. so that C. however D. because
( ) 16. A: _______ have you been to Hangzhou
B: Only once.
A. How long B. How often C. How many times D. How much time
( ) 17. The price of the colour TV is too _____.
A. expensive B. tall C. high D. many
( ) 18. The shoes are ______.
A. too small for them to wear them B. so small that he can’t wear
C. big enough for him to wear them D. so small that he can’t wear them
( ) 19.The concert_________ next Friday．
A.will be taken place B.will take place
C.takes place D.took place
( ) 20.Everybody went in for the race _____ Helen.She was taking______ of our clothes.
A. besides ,mind B. except,care C. except ,mind D. besides, care
【答案】1-5 CCDBD 6-10 CDCDC 11-15 BBCAD 16-20 CCDBB
II.词形转换
1. As we all know, (human) are cleverer than computers.
2. What would our life be like without (electric) brain
3. Mrs. Chen watched her granddaughter playing on the beach with great (pleasure).
4. He often suggests (have) a barbecue in the country park.
5. (luck), the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldn’t return safely. All of them died.
6. His uncle has enough (know) about the subject to write a good book.
7. Computers can (calculator) very fast.
8. He was (true) sorry for being late for school.
9. I was late, so I missed the (begin) of the movie.
10. Study hard and try your best to (entrance) a key school, Tim.
【答案】1. humans 2. electronic 3. pleasure 4. having 5. Unluckily 6. knowledge 7. calculate
8. truly 9. beginning 10. enter
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentences according to the instructions in the brackets.
1. Our monitor is the tallest student in our class.（保持句意不变）
No one in our class is than our monitor.
2. People made radios of this kind three years ago.（改为被动语态）
Radios of this kind three years ago.
3. They were able to reach the village before 6:00.（保持句意不变）
They reach the village before 6:00.
4. In those days Jane made a living by selling newspapers in the streets.（就划线部分提问）
Jane make a living in those days
5. She likes sports. She likes playing tennis and golf.（保持句意不变）
She likes sports tennis and golf.
【答案】1. else; taller 2. were made 3. managed to 4. How did 5. such as
【语法梳理】
Part One 时态复习
☆时态复习：现在进行时/过去进行时，一般将来时/过去将来时，一般现在时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语（时态标志词）
一般现在时 动词原形 第三人称+动词第三人称单数 always, usually, sometimes, often, every, once a week, in the morning, in December, in spring, on Mondays 等。
一般将来时 will+动词原形 be going to+动词原形 tomorrow, the coming…, in the future, next Tuesday, in two hours, some day, soon, before long, this evening 等。
过去将来时 would+动词原形 大都出现在主句动词为一般过去时的宾语从句中。
现在进行时 am/is/are+动词现在分词 now, at the moment, look, listen, be quite, these days, still 等。
过去进行时 was/were+动词现在分词 this time yesterday, at that time, from 9 to 11 last Friday, when, while 等。
☆时态复习：一般过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语
一般过去时： 发生在过去某个特定的时间点 was/were 动词过去式 ago, just now, before 2005, yesterday, last Friday, once, the other day, those days, come upon a time, long before 等。
现在完成时：发生在过去，强调对现在的影响 have/has+动词过去分词 since, for, already, yet, just, in the past few years/months, in the last few weeks/months/days 等。
过去完成时：强调过去之前 had+动词过去分词 by the end of last term/month/year, by yesterday, by 2004, by last Monday,by the time+句子（did） 等。
【巩固练习】
1. My sister ______ plenty of volunteer work in the past seven years. (★★★)
A. does B. is doing C. has done D. had done
2. Flora looked out of the window and found it ______ heavily. (★★)
A. snows B. snowed C. has snowed D. was snowing
3. Tom and his sister ______ to the barbecue last Saturday. They were very happy. (★)
A. have invited B. were invited C. were inviting D. invited
4. Americans ______ New York City “The Big Apple” since 1971. (★)
A. call B. called C. has called D. have called
5. The Greens ______ the welcome party already before Henry came to talk about it. (★★★)
A. has arranged B. would arrange C. were arranging D. had arranged
6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ______. (★)
A. rings B. will ring C. rang D. was ringing
7. By the end of last week, Maggie ______ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. (★★★)
A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed
8. The pupils ______ as volunteers in the nursing home after school every Friday. (★)
A. works B. work C. are working D. have worked
9. How time flies! It ______ three years since I became a junior high school student. (★)
A. has been B. have been C. had been D. was
10. The thief ______ on the scene when he was trying to get away with the necklace. (★)
A. will be caught B. is caught C. was caught D. has been caught
11. The Korean girl can speak Chinese without difficulty because she ______ in China for years. (★)
A. stay B. will stay C. has stayed D. stayed
12. The boy ______ for her in the rain for nearly half an hour before she appeared. (★★★)
A. waits B. waited C. has waited D. had waited
13. Eddie ______ the classroom with his classmates at that time yesterday. (★)
A. was cleaning B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. is cleaning
14. A: Is that your manager, Lucy
B: That can’t be Mr. Wang. He ______ to Sydney with his daughter. (★★)
A. has been B. had been C. had gone D. has gone
15. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, ______ to donate a lot of money to charity when his daughter was born. (★★★)
A. decides B. has decided C. had decided D. decided
16. This car is environment-friendly because its engine ______ by electricity. (★)
A. is driven B. are driven C. drive D. drives
17. —Is your father at home
—No. He ______ to Beijing on business. (★)
A. goes B. had gone C. went D. has gone
18.Minions(小黄人) ______ pretty popular since the film “Despicable Me” was shown. (★)
A. become B. will become C. have become D. are becoming
19. Many people ______ when the earthquake happened last week. (★)
A. slept B. sleep C. are sleeping D. were sleeping
20. When we ______ home last night, we saw a strange object in the sky. (★★)
A. drive B. drove C. were driving D. had driven
21. Half of the Beijing’s private cars ______ off the roads due to heavy smog on Friday. (★)
A. order B. are ordered C. ordered D. were ordered
22. It was believed that the TV series Legend of Minyue ______ millions of people soon. (★★)
A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract D. would attract
23. Mr. and Mrs. Williams ______ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from Japan. (★)
A. had worked B. have worked C. work D. are working
24. Mike ______ more than 600 people here in the past two years. (★★)
A. is interviewing B. has interviewed C. interview D. will interview
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. D
15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. B
Part Two 被动语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
☆一般现在时 do am/is/are + done
☆一般过去时 did was／were + done
☆一般将来时 will +do be going to +do will +be + done be going to +be+done
过去将来时 would +do would +be + done
☆现在完成时 have/has +done have/has +been +done
过去完成时 had +done had+ been +done
易错点：感官动词(look;sound;taste;smell;feel;go;grow;become；stay等)、不及物动词(happen;occur出现；succeed；appear出现)以及词组：take place（发生）,break out（爆发），belong to（属于）等没有被动语态。
【巩固练习】
I.将以下句子改为被动语态。(来源：2023年上海中考一模)
1.People created sound effects to add excitement to the film. （改为被动语态）
Sound effects _______ _______to add excitement to the film.
【答案】were created
【解析】过去时的被动语态, 主语是effects, 复数形式, 借助助动词为were＋动词的过去分词；
2. The school will buy many copies of comic strips for children to read. (改为被动语态)
Many copies of comic strips will ________ ________ by the school for children to read.
【答案】 be bought
【详解】句意：学校将购买许多连环画供孩子们阅读。根据will可知，要改为一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，buy的过去分词是bought，故填be；bought。
3.The family band has held many concerts in different countries since 2001. (改为被动语态)
Many concerts have__________ __________in different countries since 2001.
【答案】been held
4.The government made laws to stop killing wild animals.（改为被动语态）
Laws ________ ________ by the government to stop killing wild animals.
【答案】 were made
【详解】句意：政府制定法律禁止捕杀野生动物。改为被动语态，结构为：be done，根据“made”可知句子是一般过去时，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是复数，助动词用were；过去分词用made。故填were；made。
5.They built Stadium 974 with 974 shipping containers in Qatar. (改为被动语态)
Stadium 974 _________ _________ with 974 shipping containers in Qatar.
【答案】was built
【详解】句意：卡塔尔世界杯用974个集装箱搭建了一个球场。分析原句，是一般过去式，要求改成被动语态，也就是用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语是“stadium”是第三人称单数，用“was”。故填was；built。
6.The students have performed the play—Sound of Music for years. （改为被动语态）
The play—Sound of Music _____________ performed by the students for years.
【答案】has been
【详解】句意：多年来，学生们一直在表演音乐剧《音乐之声》。考查主动语态变被动语态。原句是现在完成时，应改为现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been done。主语“The play—Sound of Music”是第三人称单数，应该用has。故填has been。
7.My classmate John broke the window when he was playing football. (改为被动语态)
The window ________ ________ by my classmate John when he was playing football.
【答案】 was broken
【详解】句意：我的同学约翰在踢足球的时候打破了窗户。被动语态的结构是be done，结合broke可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；broken。
8.Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab. （改为被动语态）
We ________ ________ not to touch the chemicals in the lab by our teacher.
【答案】 were warned
【详解】句意：我们的老师警告我们不要在实验室触摸化学药品。考查变被动语态，“主语+be+动词过去分词”由于主语是“We”而且原句的时态为一般过去时，所以被动语态中的be动词应是were，动词 warn的过去分词是warned。故填were；warned。
9.People needn't show the travel code（行程码）any longer.（改为被动语态）
The travel code needn't _________ _________ any longer.
【答案】 be shown
10.The farmer took John on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain.（改为被动语态）
John _________ _________ on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain by the farmer.
【答案】was taken
11.The young artist created a new language of painting.(改为被动语态)
A new language of painting_______　_______ by the young artist.
【答案】was created
【解析】句意：年轻画家创造了一个新的绘画语言。此句时态为一般过去时，其被动结构为：was/were done.因为主语为单数，用was。
12.A loud noise from the kitchen woke up the girl at midnight. （改为被动语态）
The girl ________ ________ up by a loud noise from the kitchen at midnight.
【答案】was woken
【详解】句意：午夜时分，厨房里传来的一声巨响把女孩吵醒了。此题要求改为被动语态，由“woke up”可知，这里是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+动词的过去分词。主语The girl是单数，因此be动词用was，wake的过去分词为woken。故填was；woken。
II.Choose the best answer.(来源：2023年上海中考二模)
1.Frozen, a musical fantasy film, ________ by Walt Disney in 2013.
A. is produced B. was produced C. will be produced D. had been produced
【答案】B
【详解】句意：《冰雪奇缘》是一部音乐奇幻电影，由华特·迪士尼于2013年制作。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“in 2013”可知，时态是一般过去时，结合“by Walt Disney”可知，此处用被动语态，所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态结构（was/were done），故选B。
2. Martin ________ German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.
A. will study B. was studying C. has studied D. had studied
【答案】D
【详解】句意：马丁在德国工作之前已经学习了近两年的德语。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“...German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.”可知，在他去德国工作之前学习德语，before引导的从句是一般过去时，主句的动作是发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”。故选D。
3. New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly.
A. are driven B. drive C. were driven D. drove
【答案】A
【详解】句意：新能源汽车是用电驱动的，所以它们对环境很友好。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语New energy cars和谓语动词drive之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“so they’ re environmentally friendly.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
4. The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years.
A. holds B. held C. is held D. was held
【答案】C
【详解】句意：世界杯是一项国际足球比赛，每四年举行一次。
考查被动语态及动词时态。主语The World Cup和动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，世界杯被举行，故为被动语态。结合“every four years”可知，时态是一般现在时。故选C。
5. The students in Class One ________ a revision lesson this time yesterday.
A. have B. had C. have had D. were having
【答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，一班的学生正在上复习课。
考查动词时态。根据“this time yesterday”可知，此处指昨天此刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时。故选D。
6. The manager said that he _________ the meeting if too many people were absent.
A. canceled B. would cancel C. will cancel D. had canceled
【答案】B
【详解】句意：经理说，如果有太多人缺席，他将取消会议。
考查宾语从句。根据“said...”可知宾语从句中用过去的某种时态；根据“he...the meeting if too many people were...”可知此处表示“将会取消会议”，用过去将来时would do。故选B。
7.By the end of last month, the medical team ________ in Africa for six months to look after the sick people there.
A. would stay B. has stayed C. will stay D. had stayed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：到上个月底，医疗队已经在非洲待了六个月，照顾那里的病人。
考查动词时态。根据“By the end of last month”可知，时态是过去完成时，结构是had done。故选D。
【阅读提高】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择正确答案）
A few years ago, my two-year-old son pointing at a dozen of “stood” color marker-pens, cheered excitedly, “Mummy, look! I did it.” With the encouragement of such a ___45___, he quickly collected another handful of long and thin ball-pens, trying to do the same-making them stand up on the table. Little by little, his face ___46___— red and finally he cried out, “Mummy, help!”
___47___ all the ball-pens in his hand had either sharp or round ends, I said casually, “Mummy can’t help you on this.” But immediately he cried loudly and fell to the floor. A moment later, he ran back to the table, and____48____ trying to keep the ball-pens standing up.
Without knowing why the ball-pens can; t stand up, my son had accepted the impossibility after many times of ___49___tries. He put aside all the ball-pens, and kept only those marker-pens for this standing up “game”. This time he succeeded in this way. Clearly, he already learned to let go of this useless try.
Being persistent is not easy. But sometimes, it is even harder to let go. In our daily life, perhaps many headaches can be___50___ if we know how to realize those unlikely achievable goals, and then decisively let go of them immediately.
45. A. reply B. present C. photo D. success
46. A. turned B. guided C. held D. lifted
47. A. Knowing B. Noticing C. Believing D. Understanding
48. A. stopped B. continued C. enjoyed D. finished
49. A. failed B. passed C. wanted D. died
50. A. connected B. stopped C. started D. avoided
【答案】45. D 46. A 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. D
【分析】短文大意：本文是一篇小故事，作者通过两岁的儿子一遍又一遍地尝试让圆珠笔立起来都最终失败，感悟到坚持不懈并不容易。但有时候，放手就更难了。在我们的日常生活中，如果我们知道如何实现那些不太可能实现的目标，然后果断地立即放弃这些目标，也许很多头疼事都可以避免。
【45题详解】
句意：在这种成功的鼓励下，他很快又拿起一把又长又细的圆珠笔，试着做同样的动作——让它们站在桌子上。
考查名词辨析。A. 回复；B. 礼物；C. 照片；D. 成功。根据上文cheered excitedly, “Mummy, look! I did it.”可知是成功的鼓励，故选D。
【46题详解】
句意：渐渐地，他的脸变红了。
考查动词辨析。A. 转/变；B. 引导；C. 保持；D. 抬起。根据句意语境，结合相关线索，可知turn red符合句意，故选A。
【47题详解】
句意：我注意到他手里的圆珠笔不是尖就是圆，便随口说了一句:“妈妈帮不上忙。”
考查动词辨析。A. 知道；B. 注意；C. 相信；D. 理解。根据下文圆珠笔的形状all the ball-pens in his hand had either sharp or round ends可知notice符合句意，故选B。
【48题详解】
句意：过了一会儿，他又跑回到桌边，继续试着让圆珠笔立着。
考查动词辨析。A. 停止；B. 继续；C. 享受；D. 完成。根据下文to keep the ball-pens standing up可知是继续刚才的工作，故选B。
【49题详解】
句意：我的儿子在多次尝试失败后接受了这种不可能。
考查动词辨析。A. 失败；B. 通过；C. 想要；D.死亡。根据上文Without knowing why the ball-pens can't stand up可知多次努力都失败了，故选A。
【50题详解】
句意：在我们的日常生活中，也许许多头疼事是可以避免的。
考查动词辨析。A. 连接；B. 停止；C. 开始；D. 避免。根据下文的条件if we know how to realize those unlikely achievable goals, and then decisively let go of them immediately.可知可以避免很多不必要的麻烦，故选D。
【点睛】完形填空。主要题型有（1）考查词义辨析：名词辨析，形容词副词辨析，冠词辨析，介词连词辨析等；（2）考查句子时态，语态，要根据语境，选择正确的时态和语态的选项；（3）考查从句（宾语从句，定语从句，主语从句等）；（4）根据固定句型或短语结合语境选择正确的选项。本题主要考查单词或短语辨析，做此类型题时，要知道每一个词的意义，然后结合上下文背景语境，选择适合语境的选项。例如小题5，四个选项都是动词，考查动词辨析：A. 失败；B. 通过；C. 想要；D.死亡。根据上文Without knowing why the ball-pens can't stand up可知多次努力都失败了，故选A。
C.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：
The earthquake shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys in San Francisco. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of m____51____ of dollars’ worth of buildings. Not in history has a modern city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. Nothing remains of it b____52____ memories.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. I watched the big fires from out on the bay. East, west, north and south, strong winds were b____53____ upon the dead city. Day and night the fires continued.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Time and time again, successful efforts were made by the firefighters, and every time, the flames would appear once again from the sides or from behind them only to defeat their hard-won v____54____.
Throughout the night, tens of thousands of homeless people made their escape. Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees. Government tents had been set up. People were lining up for free meals. Everybody was p____55____. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night.
At one o’clock in the morning, I walked down t____56____ the heart of the city. A rain of ashes was falling. Not one person was in sight. I stood at the corner of Kearney and Market. The place had been given up. A few blocks away, it was burning on both sides. The street was a wall of flames.
All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn. Friday night saw the flames finally put out, though not until after Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill had been d____57____.
All of the neighboring cities and towns have been jammed with those who are now homeless. Refugees are being transported for free by the railroads to any point they wish to go. Over one hundred thousand people have left the city.
＊This article was written by American novelist and journalist Jack London.It has been adapted by editors for younger readers.
【答案】51. millions 52. but 53. blowing 54. victory 55. polite/patient/peaceful 56. through 57. destroyed
【导语】本文记述了发生在旧金山的一次地震和大火。
【51题详解】
句意：但是随后的大火烧毁了价值数亿美元的建筑物。hundreds of millions of“数以亿计的”，结合首字母可知空处填millions。故填(m)illions。
【52题详解】
句意：除了回忆，它什么也没有留下。nothing…but…“除了……什么都没有”。故填(b)ut。
【53题详解】
句意：东、西、北、南，强风吹拂着这座死亡之城。根据“East, west, north and south, strong winds…”及首字母提示可知，这里指的是“风吹”，且前有be动词，是进行时态。故填(b)lowing。
【54题详解】
句意：每一次，火焰都会从他们的侧面或背后再次出现，只是为了击败他们来之不易的胜利。结合句意和首字母可知，这里表示“胜利”。故填(v)ictory。
【55题详解】
句意：每个人都很礼貌的/耐心的/平和的。根据后文“Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this horrible night.”在整个旧金山的历史上，她的人民从来没有像在这个可怕的夜晚那样善良。可知这里是对人们此时状态的描写，结合首字母提示可知，polite“有礼貌的”，patient“有耐心的”，peaceful“和平的”都符合语境。故填(p)olite/(p)atient/(p)eaceful。
【56题详解】
句意：在凌晨一点钟，我沿着路穿过城市的中心。根据首字母提示可知表示“从城市内部穿过”。through“通过、穿过”。故填(t)hrough。
【57题详解】
句意：周五晚上，大火终于被扑灭，尽管直到俄罗斯山和电报山被摧毁。根据句意及首字母提示可知，这里表示“摧毁了”这两座山。destroy“摧毁”， Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill与谓语动词destroy之间是被动关系，destroy是过去分词是destroyed。故填(d)estroyed。
【课后作业】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
V. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案）（15%)
1. There is something wrong ______ my eyes. I can't see clearly.
A. of B. about C. to D. with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我的眼睛有毛病。我看不清楚。
A. of……的；B. about关于；C. to向，朝，往；D. with和。本题考查：There is something wrong with….：……出了问题/毛病。故选D。
2. Linda didn’t bring her dictionary here. So I lent ________ to ________.
A. mine；her B. mine；him C. her；mine D. my；her
【答案】A
【详解】句意：琳达没有把字典带到这里来。我把我的借给了她。
考查代词辨析。mine我的，名词性物主代词；her她/她的，宾格/形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词。分析句子可知，此处使用固定短语lend sth. to sb.，意为“把某物借给某人”，空后无名词，因此第一空使用名词性物主代词mine；to为介词，其后跟代词的宾格形式作宾语，结合“Linda didn’t bring her dictionary here.”可知，“Linda琳达”是女的，因此使用her。故选A。
3. It is said that several ________ students are going to have the Listening Contest this weekend.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
【答案】B
【详解】句意：据说这个周末将有几千名学生参加听力比赛。
考查数词用法。thousand千，前面有具体数字修饰时，不加s；加s搭配of，thousands of数以千计的，表示不确定的数，修饰可数名词复数，前面不能用具体的数字修饰。several或基数词修饰hundred, thousand, million，表示计数时，一般不用复数形式；several thousand“几千”。故选B。
4. Online courses enable students ________ at their pace.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. to learning
【答案】C
【详解】句意：网络课程让学生能够按自己的节奏来学习。
考查动词不定式。learn学习，动词原形；learning动名词或现在分词；to learn不定式；to learning介词+动名词。enable“使能够”，动词。enable sb. to do sth.意为“让某人有能力做某事”。所以这里应用动词不定式结构，此处的动词不定式是动词的宾语补足语。故选C。
5. Mark would like to accept the job ________ he is not quite pleased with the pay.
A. though B. because C. if D. until
【答案】A
【详解】句意：尽管马克对工资不太满意，但他还是愿意接受这份工作。
考查连词辨析。though尽管；because因为；if如果；until直到。分析题干“Mark would like to accept the job…he is not quite pleased with the pay.”可知，句子前后的关系是让步关系，应用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。
6. The policeman caught the drunk driver, but he didn’t remember ________ the old lady.
A. knock down B. to knock down C. knocked down D. knocking down
【答案】D
【详解】句意：警察抓住了酒驾司机，但是他不记得撞倒了老太太。
考查固定短语。knock down撞倒；remember to do记得去做某事，remember doing记得做过某事。根据语境可知，酒驾司机因为喝多了，被警察抓住后不记得他撞倒了老太太，故空格处应填remember knocking down，故选D。
7. Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. would play
【答案】C
【详解】句意：西蒙第一次举办音乐会时已经弹钢琴很多年了。
考查动词时态。根据“when he gave his first concert”和“for ages”可知，“弹钢琴”的动作发生在“举办音乐会”之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选C。
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the film at the moment.
A. is enjoying B. are enjoying C. enjoy D. enjoys
【答案】A
【详解】句意：现在不仅学生们而且他们的老师都在欣赏这部电影。
由at the moment可知，本题的时态应该用现在进行时，排除C/D；本题又考查了就近原则，离主语最近的their teacher是单数，因此be 动词用is。故选A。
9. Our class teacher is hurrying to our classroom. She has ________ to tell us.
A. anything important B. nothing important
C. important thing D. something important
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我们的班主任正急急忙忙地赶到我们的教室。她有重要的事情要告诉我们。
考查代词辨析。anything任何东西，不定代词，修饰不定代词的词位于不定代词之后，用于否定句和疑问句；something某物、某事，不定代词，修饰不定代词的词位于不定代词之后，用于肯定句；nothing没有东西，不定代词，修饰不定代词的词位于不定代词之后；important重要的；thing事情，可数名词，修饰词在名词之前，一件重要的事应表达为“an important thing”。根据“Our class teacher is hurrying to our classroom.”可知，班主任匆匆来到教室，进一步猜测分析，老师是因为有事要告诉我们；又根据“She has ... to tell us.”可知，本句是肯定句。故选D。
10. Jerry told me that he ________ on an old man’s eyes in the hospital this Sunday.
A. will operate B. would operate C. operated D. has operated
【答案】B
【详解】句意：杰瑞告诉我这个星期天他要在医院里给一位老人做眼睛手术。
考查动词时态。will operate一般将来时；would operate过去将来时；operated过去时；has operated现在完成时。分析句子可知，此句为that引导的宾语从句，且主句时态为一般过去时，遵循“主过从必过”的原则，从句应使用过去的某种时态，根据时间状语“this Sunday”可知，从句时态为过去将来时。故选B。
11. ________ useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning!
A. What B. How C. What a D. What an
【答案】C
【详解】句意：今天早上他从手机上获得了多么有用的信息啊!
考查感叹句。感叹句常用句型有：①What + (a / an) +形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！；②How +形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！。句子中心词“message”为可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，其前应用“What a”。故选C。
12. Be kind to others, or you won’t ________ by them.
A. respect B. be respected C. respected D. be respecting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：善待他人，否则你不会受到他人的尊重。
考查被动语态。respect“尊重”动词。分析题干可知“or”连接的是并列句，空处的主语“you”与谓语动词respect之间是被动关系，应用“will/won’t be done”的结构。故选B。
13. We should look after the newly born baby ________ of all the babies at the nursery.
A. careful B. carefully C. most careful D. most carefully
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在托儿所的所有婴儿中，我们应该最仔细地照料这个刚出生的婴儿。
考查副词最高级用法。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；most careful最仔细，形容词最高级；most carefully最仔细，副词最高级。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词短语look after，应使用副词；根据比较级范围“of all the babies at the nursery”可知，此处应使用副词最高级，副词最高级前可省略the。故选D。
14. Could you tell me ________
A. what is the boy’s name B. what the boy’s name was
C. what the boy’s name is D. what was the name of the boy
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你能告诉我那个男孩叫什么名字吗？
考查宾语从句。what is the boy’s name疑问句语序，一般现在时；what the boy’s name was陈述句语序，一般过去时；what the boy’s name is陈述句语序，一般现在时；what was the name of the boy疑问句语序，一般过去时。根据“Could you tell me... ”可知，此句为宾语从句，语序应为陈述句语序；could表示语气委婉，不是can的过去式，主句时态为一般现在时，询问那个男孩名字，从句使用一般现在时，符合语境。故选C。
15. —Excuse me. I want to complain about the coffee bought in your shop.
－Sorry! ________
A. I don’t think so. B. That’s all right. C. Really D. What’s the problem
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我想要投诉你们店里买的咖啡。——对不起，有什么问题吗？
考查情景交际。I don’t think so.我不这样认为。That’s all right.没关系。Really 真的吗？What’s the problem 有什么问题吗？根据“I want to complain about the coffee bought in your shop.”可知，面对顾客的投诉，应该询问“有什么问题吗？”符合语境。故选D。
plete the following passage with the letters representing the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将下列单词或词组的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一个单词或词组，每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A. strange B. tricks C. allowed D. sports E. turned out
A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh. It can even amaze them with its creativity. Some schools and universities have a long tradition of students playing good ____16____ , which sometimes include school buildings and cars.
The California Institute of Technology, a university in the US, has a special day on which students are ____17____ to play big tricks. One time, a group of students took apart a car, moved the parts into a student’s room and then put the car back together next to the bed.
It was a quiet evening at an American high school. Going home, the headmaster got into his car and started the engine. It’s quite ____18____ that the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move! It ____19____ that some students had found a way to lift the car up so that its tires were just above the ground.
A. responsible B. later C. actually D. shocked E. amazing
One morning in 2006, the staff at another American high school were ____20____ to find a pink car on the roof. The car even had question marks painted all over it! The staff believed that many students must have worked together to complete this.
The American trick in 2006 was ____21____ a copy of British trick in 1958. That year, at the University of Cambridge, a car appeared on the roof of a building that was five storeys high. It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down. They couldn’t find out who was ____22____, and the trick made headlines around the world. It was only fifty years ____23____ that the students in the case proved who they were and how they played the excellent trick.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. E
20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B
【导语】本文介绍了一些美国学校的学生玩得一些好把戏，并举例进行了说明。
【16题详解】
句意：一些学校和大学有学生玩好把戏的悠久传统，有时包括校舍和汽车。根据上文“A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh”可知，此处指“把戏”，tricks符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：美国加州理工学院有一个特殊的日子，允许学生们开大玩笑。根据语境可知，应是学校允许学生开玩笑，be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”，故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：真奇怪，轮子转动了，而汽车却不动了！根据“the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move!”可知，轮子转动了，而汽车却不动，应是很奇怪，strange符合语境，故填A。
【19题详解】
句意：原来，一些学生找到了一种方法，可以把汽车抬起来，让轮胎刚好高出地面。空处缺少谓语部分，结合语境和备选词可知，此处是介绍事情的真相，It turned out that“原来是”，固定句型，故选E。
【20题详解】
句意：2006年的一个早晨，另一所美国高中的工作人员震惊地发现屋顶上有一辆粉红色的汽车。根据“were ... to find a pink car on the roof”及备选词可知，发现屋顶上有一辆粉红色的汽车应是很让人震惊的，shocked符合语境，故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：美国2006年的把戏实际上是英国1958年把戏的翻版。分析句子可知，空处不缺成分，所以应填副词作状语，备选词actually“实际上”符合语境，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：他们无法查出是谁干的，于是这个把戏成了全世界的头条新闻。根据“It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down.”可知，这给警察和消防员带来了很多麻烦，结合“They couldn’t find out who was”可知，应是找不出谁要负责，responsible“负责的”符合语境，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：直到五十年后，这个案例中的学生才证明了他们是谁，以及他们是如何玩这一绝妙的把戏的。根据“fifty years”及备选词可知，应是“五十年后”，later符合语境，故选B。
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）（8%)
24. Tom’s father is a man of average _________（high).
【答案】height
【详解】句意：汤姆的父亲是个中等身高的人。high“高的”，形容词，它的名词形式为height，height意为“(人或物的)身高”。结合句意可知，本句想要表达“中等身高”，average“中等的，适中的，平均的”，形容词。一般形容词修饰名词，放在名词的前面，所以本题要把形容词high变成名词height。average height意为“中等身高”。故填height。
25. Jack was ________ of his mistake until his teacher told him about it.(aware)
【答案】unaware
【详解】句意：Jack没有意识到他的错误，直到他的老师告诉他。根据until引导的时间状语从句，结合提示词可推出在老师提醒之前没有意识到错误；be unaware of表示“没有意识到”。故填unaware。
26. I have a number of _______ about the hotel room you’ve given me.（complain）
【答案】complaints
【详解】句意：我对你给我的旅馆房间有很多抱怨。a number of表示“许多，大量”，后加名词复数。complain动词，名词形式是complaint，这里用复数形式complaints。故填complaints。
27. The noise in the room made me _________ (fright).
【答案】frightened
【详解】句意：房间里的噪音使我害怕。根据“made me”可知，此处是make sb.+形容词，表示“让某人……”，此处修饰人，用fright的形容词形式frightened，意为“受惊的，担忧的，害怕的”，在句中作宾语补足语。故填frightened。
28. Steve Jobs has been ________ since a few years ago. (die)
【答案】dead
【详解】句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯几年前就去世了。提示词die意为“死亡”，动词。分析句子可知，空前句中的“been”是系动词，此处属于系表结构，空处应填形容词dead“去世的、死的”作表语。故填dead。
29. The poor girl _________ being hugged by her mum and died with a smile. (imagination)
【答案】imagined
【详解】句意：这个可怜的女孩想象着自己被妈妈抱在怀里，笑着死去。空处缺少谓语动词，imagination对应的动词是imagined，结合“died ”可知，空处用过去式。故填imagined。
puters are super _________ (calculate).
【答案】calculators
【详解】句意：计算机是超级计算器。分析句子可知，主系表结构，句子缺表语，且空前是形容词super，形容词修饰名词作定语，因此此处使用名词作表语。calculate“计算”，动词，其名词为calculator，表示“计算器”，可数名词，复数为calculators；主语Computers是复数，因此此处使用名词复数形式。故填calculators。
31. I believe ________ are important than money. (know)
【答案】knowledge
【详解】句意：我相信知识比金钱更重要。提示词know意为“知道”，是动词。根据“I believe…are important than money.”可知空处应填名词。knowledge“知识”，不可数名词。故填knowledge。
VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required:(按要求改写下列句子）（14%)
32. She’s never taken a train to go travelling. (改为一般疑问句）
_________ she _________ taken a train to go travelling
【答案】 ①. Has ②. ever
【详解】句意：她从来没有坐过火车去旅行。分析句子可知，句子时态为现在完成时，结构为has/have done；never“从来没有”，表示否定，用于否定句；She’s是She has的缩写，has为助动词；在改为一般疑问句时，把助动词has提到主语she之前，位于句首首字母大写，频度副词never改为ever，表示“曾经”，ever主要用于肯定句或和一般疑问句。故填Has；ever。
33. The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals. (改为反意疑问句）
The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals, _________ _________
【答案】 ①. do ②. they
【详解】句意：中国人很少吃汉堡包。反义疑问句的特点就是遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则；分析句子可知，句子时态为一般现在时，rarely“很少”，表示否定，反义疑问句符合“前否后肯”；谓语动词have是实义动词，表示“吃”，疑问句使用助动词do；主语The Chinese是第三人称复数，因此要使用they代替。故填do；they。
34. The manager said sorry to the customers for the quality of the products. (保持句意不变）
The manager ________ ________ the customers for the quality of the products.
【答案】 ①. apologized ②. to
【详解】句意：经理因为产品的质量问题向顾客道歉。say sorry to“向……道歉”可替换为apologize to“向……道歉”，本题的时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填apologized；to。
35. They visited Disneyland Park last weekend. (对划线部分提问）
________ ________ they visit last weekend
【答案】 ①. What ②. did
【详解】句意：他们上周末参观了迪斯尼公园。划线部分为参观的对象，对其提问用疑问词what，后跟一般疑问句，原句含有实义动词visited，句子为一般过去时，变一般疑问句需借助助动词did。故填What；did。
36. The students should sweep the floor every day. (改为被动语态）
The floor should _________ _________ by the students every day.
【答案】 ①. be ②. swept
【详解】句意：学生们应该每天扫地。分析句子可知，原句含有情态动词should，因此要改为含有情态动词should的被动语态，结构为：情态动词should+be+动词的过去分词；谓语动词sweep的过去分词是swept。故填be；swept。
37. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. (保持句意不变)
The situation is _________ _________ for us to do something to save the Earth.
【答案】 ①. serious ②. enough
【详解】句意：情况如此严重，我们必须做些什么来拯救地球。分析句子可知，原句使用结构so+形容词+that从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，其同义句使用结构be+形容词+enough (for sb.)+to do sth.，表示“(对某人来说)做某事足够……”，副词enough修饰形容词serious，应放在形容词后面。故填serious；enough。
38. our parents, help, every week, we, do some housework, had better(连词成句）
_______________________________.
【答案】We had better help our parents do some housework every week
【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句为陈述句。we作主语，位于句首首字母大写；had better最好，情态动词后跟动词原形；had better help作谓语；help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，our parents作help的宾语，do some housework作宾语补足语；every week作句子的状语。故填We had better help our parents do some housework every week“我们最好每周帮父母做些家务”。
Reading comprehension.
A.Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Do you dream of being a reporter or an editor Are you a good writer who loves the news If so, you may have what it takes to be a winner in the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search.
We’ re looking for 12 students from around the nation to be members of the TFK Kid Reporter Team for the 2016-2017 school year.
Next year’s team will continue the tradition of reporting local and regional news stories for TIME FOR KIDS magazine and .
Professional journalists from TIME FOR KIDS will select this team. In the past few years, TFK kid Reporters have:
·Interviewed national leaders, celebrities, and other news-makers.
·Written news stories, reviews and opinion pieces for TIME FOR KIDS.
·Learned about the news business from award-winning journalists who work at TIME.
·Appeared on television to talk about their work.
·Appeared on television to give talks.
How to Enter
To apply (申请), visit www. /2016kr and complete the required fields and the official entry form. Be sure to read the official rules and share them with your parent or guardian, who must sign your entry form and submit (提交) it electronically. Entries must be submitted by June 17, 2016. You must be 14 years of age or younger on September 1, 2016.
Contest opens:
10: 00 A. M. EST on March 14, 2016
Contest deadline:
12: 00 P. M. EST on June 17, 2016
39. What is “the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search” in the first paragraph
A. A story. B. A school. C. A company. D. A competition.
40. What don’t TFK KID Reporters probably do
A. Have a talk on TV. B. Teach kids how to write a report.
C. Have an interview with Obama. D. Write a news story.
41. The parents must _______.
A. fill in the entry form B. share the entry form with the guardians
C. sign the entry form D. post the letter of application with a stamp
42. On which day is it possible for kids to apply for the job
A. March 15, 2015. B. July 16, 2016.
C. May 1, 2016. D. Today.
43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. Readers will vote to select the members of the team.
B. TFK KID Reporters may write different kinds of articles.
C. Students of any age can apply for the job.
D. Students need to pay for the chance to get the job.
44. You may find the above information in a/an ________.
A. advertisement B. novel C. poem D. textbook
【答案】39. D 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A
【导语】本文是一篇广告，主要介绍想要申请当一名记者或编辑，需要浏览网站以及必备信息，并给出了比赛的具体时间。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Do you dream of being a reporter or an editor Are you a good writer who loves the news If so, you may have what it takes to be a winner...”可知，记者、编辑、热爱新闻的好作家都有可能具备成为获胜者的条件。由此推断，“the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search”是一种比赛。故选D。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In the past few years, TFK kid Reporters have: Interviewed national leaders, celebrities, and other news-makers. Written news stories, reviews and opinion pieces for TIME FOR KIDS. Learned about the news business from award-winning journalists who work at TIME. Appeared on television to talk about their work. Appeared on television to give talks.”可知，TFK 儿童记者可以采访国家领导人，可以撰写的新闻故事，可以在电视上发表演讲。文中没有提到教孩子如何写报告。故选B。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Be sure to read the official rules and share them with your parent or guardian, who must sign your entry form and submit (提交) it electronically.请务必阅读官方规定，并与你的父母或监护人分享，他们必须在你的报名表上签名并以电子方式提交。”可知，父母必须在参赛表格上签名。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Contest opens: 10: 00 A. M. EST on March 14, 2016 ”及“Contest deadline: 12: 00 P. M. EST on June 17, 2016”可知，比赛开始时间为美国东部时间2016年3月14日上午10: 00，比赛截止日期为美国东部时间2016年6月17日下午12: 00；结合常识可知，申请时间不能迟于比赛截止时间。分析选项可知，选项C“2016年5月1日”符合条件。故选C。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Written news stories, reviews and opinion pieces for TIME FOR KIDS.”可知，为《儿童时代》撰写新闻故事、评论和观点文章。由此说明记者可以写不同类型的文章。故选B。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍想要申请当一名记者或编辑，需要浏览网站以及必备的信息，属于广告，因此推断可以在广告中读到这篇信息。故选A。
D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题）
This week, my dog of almost 14 years died. What I lost was not just a pet dog. She was so much more than that. I don’t even remember my life without her.
My dog only cost $40. She was among hundreds of dogs at Philadelphia’s Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) . PAWS is the largest animal shelter in my city. It is also a “no-kill” shelter. Many other shelters, however, are unable to be “no-kill”because of the large number of animals they have. Nearly sixty percent of dogs that enter these shelters end up being euthanized (meaning “killed in a peaceful way”)
This number could be lowered if more people decided to adopt an animal rather than purchasing one. When you adopt a pet from a shelter, you are not only giving your chosen animal a loving home. You are also saving the lives of many others as you help to free up space for them.
Adopting an animal is much cheaper than buying one. Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, many people have had lower incomes than usual. More people have turned to adopting dogs. The idea behind the adoption of a dog is good. However, some animal shelters are worried that after the pandemic is over, some of these new pet owners might become, busy again and no longer have time to care for their animals. These animals might end up back on the street and in the end being put down. So before you take in an animal, think about why you want to do so. Do you truly love it, or do you just want to save money
I like to think back to when I adopted my dog almost 14 years ago. I’m proud that I gave her the life she deserved. Pets can make wonderful additions to our lives. However, almost any pet, including those without a large price tag, can do this. We should never allow man’s best friend to be let down by a system that kills because there is no room.
58. The dog was just a pet to the writer, wasn’t she
______________________________
59. Where did the writer get the pet dog
______________________________
60. What caused many people to turn to adopting dogs
______________________________
61. According to the writer, what might happen to the newly adopted pets after the pandemic
______________________________
62. What does on the streetson the streets “this” in the last paragraph mean
______________________________
63. Do you agree with the writer that adopting is better than purchasing Why (15-20 words)
______________________________
【答案】58. No, she didn’t. 59. At PAWS. 60. People’s lower incomes.
61. Some owners might become busy again and the dogs might end up back on the street.
62. Making wonderful additions to our lives.
63. No, I don’t agree. People will value the animals more when they buy them.
【导语】本文作者主要讲述自己养狗的经历，呼吁大家真正的爱护这些动物，减少杀戮和遗弃。
【58题详解】
根据“What I lost was not just a pet dog. She was so much more than that.我失去的不只是一只宠物狗。她远不止于此。”可知，狗对作者来说不仅仅是一个宠物。故填No, she didn’t.
【59题详解】
根据“My dog only cost $40. She was among hundreds of dogs at Philadelphia’s Animal Welfare Society (PAWS). PAWS is the largest animal shelter in my city.”可知，作者的狗是从动物收容所(PAWS)买回来的。故填At PAWS.
【60题详解】
根据“Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, many people have had lower incomes than usual. More people have turned to adopting dogs.”可知，自2019新冠爆发以来，许多人的收入比平时更低了，从而导致越来越多的人转向收养狗。由此说明，人们收入更低导致许多人转向收养狗。故填People’s lower incomes.
【61题详解】
根据“However, some animal shelters are worried that after the pandemic is over, some of these new pet owners might become, busy again and no longer have time to care for their animals. These animals might end up back on the street and in the end being put down.”可知，作者认为疫情过后，因为一些人会再次忙碌，没有时间照看动物，而把它们再次遗弃街头。故填Some owners might become busy again and the dogs might end up back on the street.
【62题详解】
根据“Pets can make wonderful additions to our lives. However, almost any pet, including those without a large price tag, can do this.”可知，几乎所有的宠物，包括那些价格不高的宠物，都可以给我们的生活增添Unit 2单元同步知识梳理&测试 学生版
【知识梳理】
一、词汇Words
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 /p l/ n. 杆子
2 /'k m( )r( )nt/ n. 鸬鹚
3 /'eld l / adj. 上了年纪的
4 /k n'tr l/ v. 控制
5 /rɑ ft/ n. 木排
6 / nd 'w t / adv. 在水下
7 /r 'kwa / v. 需要
8 /r d/ v. 杆，竿
9 /b m'bu / n. 竹子
10 /ri t / v. 到达
11 /'sw l / v. 吞下
12 /b / v. 猛敲，砸
13 /h / v. 悬挂
14 /r 'mu v/ v. 移走
15 /rest/ n. 剩下部分，其余
16 /tr 'd ( )n( )l/ adj. 传统的
17 /sk l/ n. 技能
18 /sk n/ n. 皮肤
19 /men ( )n/ v. 提到
20 /stre t/ adj. 直的
21 /s tj 'e ( )n/ n. 场景
22 / 'm d n/ v. 想象
二、词组Phrases
到达（某数量，程度等）；至多有
出发；动身（注意：同义句转换）
（表示目的）为了，以便（同上）
起伏；上下波动
在夜晚
擅长做某事
被用来做某事
要求某人做某事
使某人能够做某事
被分成（几分）
除……之外
对...感兴趣
不再
在这个世界上
成千上万
大部分
被加工成
用手
而不是,代替
因...而出名
为...感到骄傲
平均身高，中等个头
姐姐
三、词性转换
1 adj. 能干的
adj. 无能的
v. 使能够
n. 能力
2 adj. 年长的
adj. old的比较级
adj. 年老的
3 n. 鱼；鱼肉
v. 钓鱼；捕鱼
er n. 渔夫，渔民
4 v. 使……害怕
adj. 受惊吓的；吃惊的（一般指人）
adj. 恐怖的（一般指物）
5 adj.&adv. 高的/高高地
adv. 高度地，非常
n. 高度
6 v. 移动，搬动，搬家；感动
v. 移除
7 adj. 很可能的
adv. 很可能地，大概，或许
8 n. 惊奇，诧异
adj. 感到惊奇的
adj. 令人惊讶的
9 n. 传统
adj. 传统的
10 adj. 真的，真实的
n. 真理，真相，实际情况
adv. 真地
11 v. 使用
adj. 有用的
adv. 有用地
adj. 无用的
adv. 无用地
12 n. 西方；西部
adj. 西方的；向西的
adj. 西方的
四、课文、词汇复习
Fishing with birds
Damin sits on the side of the river cooking a meal, with a large bird on his head. The bird is a cormorant, and Damin is a fisherman. He is over 65 now but s___1___ works every day. He is thin, and of average height, but he is very fit. Although he is an elderly man, he is s___2___ enough to control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his cormorants.
Cormorants are large black birds. They are good at catching fish b___3___ they can swim well underwater. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water. They can dive down 25 metres, and s___4___ underwater for up to two minutes.
Damin does not require nets or a fishing rod to catch fish. It is done for him by his 12 cormorants. Damin’s fishing t___5___ often begins in the late afternoon. He sets off on his bamboo raft with his birds. When he reaches the right place, he s___6___. He ties a piece of grass around the neck of each bird, so that it cannot swallow the fish. The he pushes the birds into the water, and jumps up and down and bangs the water with his pole. The fish are f___7___ by this. At night a light is hung from the front of the raft. This enables Damin to see better, and also a___8___ the fish. The cormorants swim down and catch the fish, and bring them b___9___ to the raft. The fish are then removed from the birds’ mouths by Damin and thrown into a big basket. Later some of the fish are sold, and the r___10___ are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.
Cormorants fishing is a t___11___ Chinses skill, probably more than a thousand years old. Damin enjoys his work, and he is teaching his grandson everything he knows. However, f___12___ young people are interested in doing this type of work in the modern world. In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant fishermen in the world.
1. s__________ 2. s__________ 3. b__________ 4. s__________
5. t__________ 6. s__________ 7. f__________ 8. a__________
9. b__________ 10. r__________ 11. t__________ 12. f__________
五、词义辨析
1.look的其它常用搭配：
look down俯瞰 look at朝……看 look for寻找 look after照顾 look up查看；抬头看
look forward to期盼(to为介词)
2. have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示非主观意愿。当用于否定和疑问句时，要用助动词do。反义疑问句用do/does/don’t/doesn’t等反问。
3. fit adj. 健康的；合适的 【近义】 healthy 【知识拓展】fitness n.健康
4. hang v. 悬挂；垂下
【知识拓展】 hang——hung——hung 悬挂
hang——hanged——hanged上吊；绞死
5.a small number of … 一小部分
a number of+可数名词复数：许多 a large number of +可数名词复数：大量
a large/huge amount of/ huge amounts of/ a great deal of +不可数名词：许多/大量...
the number of … ：...的数量是（谓语动词用单数）
6.depend v.依靠; depend on 依靠；取决于; dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的; independent adj.独立的。
7.mean v.意思是;打算 adj.吝啬的;刻薄的（熟词生义）
meaning n.意义,意思; meaningful adj.有意义的; meaningless adj.无意义的
mean to do sth打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
8.be aware of意识到,注意 be unaware of 没有意识到；没有注意到
【词性变换】awareness认识;意识;知道
9.be interested in sth. 对……感兴趣
【同义词组】 be keen on/show interest in/be fond of/be fascinated by
【指点迷津】 interesting& interested
interesting表示“有趣的”，指人或事物本身是有趣的，而interested表示“感兴趣的”，一般指人对某事物、某人感兴趣，常用人做主语，可构成固定搭配be interested in。
【知识拓展】 v.-ing型形容词与v.-ed型形容词：interest用做动词，其后加-ing和-ed都可变为形容词，但是动词加-ing形式的形容词，表示的是“人或事物本身所具有的性质”；而动词加-ed构成的形容词，表示被动之意，常指“使人……”，主语常为人。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
10.die v.死；死亡; dying adj.将死的；奄奄一息的; dead adj.无生命体征的,死亡的; death n.死亡; die of死于（内因）; die from死于（外因）
11.at once/right now/immediately/ right away 立刻；马上
12.succeed v.成功, successful adj.成功的
do sth successfully=succeed in doing sth=manage to do sth.=be able to成功做某事
13.be good at擅长于= do well in 【反义】 be poor at拙劣于 = do badly in
14.in fifty years 五十年后/内
【指点迷津】 in, after
①“in + 一段时间”指“（将来的）一段时间之后”，用how soon 提问。
②“after + 一段时间”或“一段时间 + after”表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后”
e.g. He went home after two days. 他两天后回家了。
15.不定代词辨析：other; others; the other; the others; another; the rest
◎other：修饰可数名词，表示“另外的……其他的……”。
例：There are other dangers.这里有其他的危险。
◎others：一部分可以用some来指代，泛指另一部分可以用others来指代。some...,others...一些...,一些...。others也可以指“其他人”，首字母常考。
例：Others say that China is a great country.其他人说中国是个伟大的国家。
There are many persons on the playground.Some are playing football,others are singing.
在操场上有许多人。一些人在踢足球，一些人在唱歌。（还有其他人在做其他事情。）
◎the other：只用于两个事物，两者中的一个用one，另一个用the other。one...the other...一个...,另一个...。
例：He held a sword in one hand and pistol in the other.他一手握着剑，另一只手拿枪。
◎the others：范围确定，one指范围内的一个，the others为范围内余下的全部；或范围内的一些(some)，另一方为范围内余下的全部(the others)。
some...,the others...。一些...,剩下的...。
例：To this question,some select the first answer,and the others select the second one.对于这道题，有些人选择了第一个答案，其余人则选择了第二个答案。（没有其他人做其他选择。）
◎another：代词；用于三个或三个上，泛指另一个another。后加可数名词单数或者基数词（大于等于2）+可数名词复数。
another week 另一周，再一周
another two weeks另两周，再两周
例：One is policeman,another is worker,and the third is teacher.一个是警察，另一个是工人，第三个是老师。
◎any放在肯定句，表示“任何一个”，后面加可数名词单数；
any other（除自己之外）任何一下，后面加可数名词单数。
例：Tom is taller than any girl in his class.Tom比他班里的任何一个女孩都要高。
Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.Tom比他班里除他之外的任何一个男生都要高。
用比较级表示最高级的用法：
Tom is the tallest in his class.
=Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
=Tom is taller than anyone else in his class.
=Tom is taller than the others in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other student in his class.
单项选择
1. My family has two dogs. One is white, __________ is black.
A. other B. another C. the other D.others
2. --- The shoes don’t fit me.Would you please show me __________
--- Sure. Here you are.
the other one B. the others C. another pair D. another one
3. The twins are so much alike that it is difficult to tell one from __________.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
4. Some people think that the grass is greener on __________ side of the hill.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
5. --- Oh, the traffic is too heavy.
--- Let’s change __________ route to the airport.
other B. others C. the other D. another
6. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. __________ are climbing the hill.
A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
7. I've just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, __________ are American stamps.
A.the other B.the others C.other D.others
8.用other, the other, others, the others 或another填空
He is taller than any __________ student in his class.
He is taller than __________ in his class.
He is taller than __________ students in his class.
Some students like pop music while __________ don’t in their school.
I want some __________ books besides this dictionary.
16.few/a few
few一词解释为“很少数的，几乎没有的”，含有否定含义；而a few意为“有些；几个”，是肯定含义，两者都用来修饰可数名词。
17. unhappy adj. 不快乐的，不幸福的；悲伤的
unhappily adv.不开心地 happy adj.开心的；快乐的 happily adv.开心地；快乐地 happiness n.幸福 快乐
【拓展】
①否定前缀 un-加在名词、形容词或副词前：等（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
②in-加在形容词，名词前：incorrect， inability， inaccurate，incomplete等
③im-加在字母m,b,p前：impossible, impolite等。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
注意：句中含有否定前缀的形容词不算否定句，反义疑问句时用否定反问。
e.g. He feels unhappy today,doesn’t he
18.care for =look after= take care of 关爱，照顾
19.stop…from = keep…from = prevent…form 阻止某事发生
20. what’s more=moreover 而且,此外。
21. living things 生物; live v.生活；生存；活着 adj.现场直播的（熟词生义）
alive adj.活着的，做表语或者补语，不做定语
e.g.He is still alive.他仍然活着。
There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。
lively adj.活泼的；生机勃勃的。
【巩固练习】
I. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given verbs. (用括号中所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。)
The doctor asked the children to open their __________ and say “Ah”. (mouth)
The __________ beat the surface of the water with his pole.(fish)
These skills will __________ you to find a good job on Wall Street.(able)
If you go to Africa, you will __________ meet lions or other animals on your way.(probable)
Unlike her sister, Ella is of average __________.(high)
His hard work soon __________ the teacher’s notice.(attraction)
A __________ wedding in the United States takes place in a church.(tradition)
Mr. Brown always makes his students __________ in his lessons.(interest)
A light was ______ in the front of the bamboo raft to light the surface of the river.(hang)
My __________ brother is two years older than I. (old)
That __________ man is Simon’s grandfather. (elder)
It is a __________ custom to greet people with both hands together in Thailand. (tradition)
I’m __________ sorry for interrupting you. (true)
The dentist __________ my broken teeth last Sunday. (move)
Look up in the dictionary, it __________ you to understand English words. (able)
II.Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
The lions sleep during the day and hunt ______ night.
A. on B. in C. over D. at
The students can speak English fluently, but ______ of them can write well.
A. few B. a lot C. little D. a little
It’s difficult to remove the hook ______ the fish in the cold water.
A. from B. of C. to D. at
Cathy felt very ______ when she met her favourite star Jay Chou in the party.
A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily
5. I have given you ten picture books, and ______ are English novels.
A. other B. the other C. another D. the rest
6. This new hotel is welcomed these days and it can hold ______ 500 guests.
A. next to B. less C. up to D. at more
7. We could not ______ the airport in time for my flight.
A. get B. reach C. arrive D. arrive in
8. The machine is used ______ doctors measure the patients’ temperature.
A. help B. to helping C. to help D. helped
9. His father made a final check of the car before they ______.
A. set off B. set up C. set down D. set about
Please tell me the difference ______ the two English words.
A. among B. between C. with D. from
______ wonderful dictionary it is ! I love it very much.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
12 Our family picture is ______ on the wall of the dining room.
A. hang B. hanged C. hung D hunged
13 We were ______ to travel without any problems with the weather.
A. enough lucky B. too lucky
C. lucky too D. lucky enough
14. Mr. King didn’t know ______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home
III. Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子)
Alice usually plays with her pet dog after school.(改为否定句)
Alice __________ usually __________ with her pet dog after school.
The red bike belongs to my mother.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ belongs to your mother
3. I changed seats with Daniel in order to sit next to my friend. (保持句意基本不变).
I changed seats with Daniel __________ __________ I can sit next to my friend.
4． The soldiers saved more than 100 workers from the coal mine in April. (改为被动语态)
More than 100 workers __________ __________ from the coal mine by the soldiers in April.
5. Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning. (改为反意疑问句)
Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, __________ __________
6． Will Frank go to the park with us Please tell me. (合并为一句)
Please tell me __________ Frank __________ go to the park with us.
【随堂练习】
提高版
I.单项选择
( ) 1. Fangfang ran _________ than any other _________ in her class.
A. far quickly, students B. far quickly , student
C. much more quickly, student D. much more quickly, students
( ) 2. There are trees on ______ sides of the road.
A. either B. each C. both D. neither
( ) 3. They entered the room and found him ______ a picture.
A. draw B. to draw C. was drawing D. drawing
( ) 4. Could you tell me ______ the nearest bank
A. how can I get to B. how I can get to C. how get to D. how to get
( ) 5. I’d like to know what my pen-friend ________.
A. like B. is likes C. look like D. looks like
( ) 6. He told me that he ________ a cold for three days.
A. has B. has caught C. had had D. has had
( ) 7. When his name was called, I saw him ________ from his seat.
A. rose B. raise C. raised D. rise
( ) 8. I really don’t know if he _______ tomorrow. If he _______ , please tell me.
A. comes, will come B. comes, comes
C. will come, comes D. will come, will come
( ) 9. They usually have the traditional turkey ______ Christmas Day.
A. from B. at C. in D. on
( ) 10. _______ it was late at night, Mr Black was still working.
A. If B. Because C. Though D. As
( ) 11. They have _______ on a trip round the world .
A. taken off B. set off C. fallen off D. turn off
( ) 12. Let’s go out for a walk, ________
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. will you D. will we
( ) 13. These dinosaur eggs ________about 95 million years ago .
A. laid B. were lay C. were laid D. had laid
( ) 14. ________, he fell down and lost the game.
A. Surprisingly B. Surprising C. Surprised D. To surprise
( ) 15. They had to put off the picnic _______ it rained heavily.
A. so B. so that C. however D. because
( ) 16. A: _______ have you been to Hangzhou
B: Only once.
A. How long B. How often C. How many times D. How much time
( ) 17. The price of the colour TV is too _____.
A. expensive B. tall C. high D. many
( ) 18. The shoes are ______.
A. too small for them to wear them B. so small that he can’t wear
C. big enough for him to wear them D. so small that he can’t wear them
( ) 19.The concert_________ next Friday．
A.will be taken place B.will take place
C.takes place D.took place
( ) 20.Everybody went in for the race _____ Helen.She was taking______ of our clothes.
A. besides ,mind B. except,care C. except ,mind D. besides, care
II.词形转换
1. As we all know, (human) are cleverer than computers.
2. What would our life be like without (electric) brain
3. Mrs. Chen watched her granddaughter playing on the beach with great (pleasure).
4. He often suggests (have) a barbecue in the country park.
5. (luck), the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldn’t return safely. All of them died.
6. His uncle has enough (know) about the subject to write a good book.
7. Computers can (calculator) very fast.
8. He was (true) sorry for being late for school.
9. I was late, so I missed the (begin) of the movie.
10. Study hard and try your best to (entrance) a key school, Tim.
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentences according to the instructions in the brackets.
1. Our monitor is the tallest student in our class.（保持句意不变）
No one in our class is than our monitor.
2. People made radios of this kind three years ago.（改为被动语态）
Radios of this kind three years ago.
3. They were able to reach the village before 6:00.（保持句意不变）
They reach the village before 6:00.
4. In those days Jane made a living by selling newspapers in the streets.（就划线部分提问）
Jane make a living in those days
5. She likes sports. She likes playing tennis and golf.（保持句意不变）
She likes sports tennis and golf.
【语法梳理】
Part One 时态复习
☆时态复习：现在进行时/过去进行时，一般将来时/过去将来时，一般现在时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语（时态标志词）
一般现在时 动词原形 第三人称+动词第三人称单数 always, usually, sometimes, often, every, once a week, in the morning, in December, in spring, on Mondays 等。
一般将来时 will+动词原形 be going to+动词原形 tomorrow, the coming…, in the future, next Tuesday, in two hours, some day, soon, before long, this evening 等。
过去将来时 would+动词原形 大都出现在主句动词为一般过去时的宾语从句中。
现在进行时 am/is/are+动词现在分词 now, at the moment, look, listen, be quite, these days, still 等。
过去进行时 was/were+动词现在分词 this time yesterday, at that time, from 9 to 11 last Friday, when, while 等。
☆时态复习：一般过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语
一般过去时： 发生在过去某个特定的时间点 was/were 动词过去式 ago, just now, before 2005, yesterday, last Friday, once, the other day, those days, come upon a time, long before 等。
现在完成时：发生在过去，强调对现在的影响 have/has+动词过去分词 since, for, already, yet, just, in the past few years/months, in the last few weeks/months/days 等。
过去完成时：强调过去之前 had+动词过去分词 by the end of last term/month/year, by yesterday, by 2004, by last Monday,by the time+句子（did） 等。
【巩固练习】
1. My sister ______ plenty of volunteer work in the past seven years. (★★★)
A. does B. is doing C. has done D. had done
2. Flora looked out of the window and found it ______ heavily. (★★)
A. snows B. snowed C. has snowed D. was snowing
3. Tom and his sister ______ to the barbecue last Saturday. They were very happy. (★)
A. have invited B. were invited C. were inviting D. invited
4. Americans ______ New York City “The Big Apple” since 1971. (★)
A. call B. called C. has called D. have called
5. The Greens ______ the welcome party already before Henry came to talk about it. (★★★)
A. has arranged B. would arrange C. were arranging D. had arranged
6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ______. (★)
A. rings B. will ring C. rang D. was ringing
7. By the end of last week, Maggie ______ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. (★★★)
A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed
8. The pupils ______ as volunteers in the nursing home after school every Friday. (★)
A. works B. work C. are working D. have worked
9. How time flies! It ______ three years since I became a junior high school student. (★)
A. has been B. have been C. had been D. was
10. The thief ______ on the scene when he was trying to get away with the necklace. (★)
A. will be caught B. is caught C. was caught D. has been caught
11. The Korean girl can speak Chinese without difficulty because she ______ in China for years. (★)
A. stay B. will stay C. has stayed D. stayed
12. The boy ______ for her in the rain for nearly half an hour before she appeared. (★★★)
A. waits B. waited C. has waited D. had waited
13. Eddie ______ the classroom with his classmates at that time yesterday. (★)
A. was cleaning B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. is cleaning
14. A: Is that your manager, Lucy
B: That can’t be Mr. Wang. He ______ to Sydney with his daughter. (★★)
A. has been B. had been C. had gone D. has gone
15. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, ______ to donate a lot of money to charity when his daughter was born. (★★★)
A. decides B. has decided C. had decided D. decided
16. This car is environment-friendly because its engine ______ by electricity. (★)
A. is driven B. are driven C. drive D. drives
17. —Is your father at home
—No. He ______ to Beijing on business. (★)
A. goes B. had gone C. went D. has gone
18.Minions(小黄人) ______ pretty popular since the film “Despicable Me” was shown. (★)
A. become B. will become C. have become D. are becoming
19. Many people ______ when the earthquake happened last week. (★)
A. slept B. sleep C. are sleeping D. were sleeping
20. When we ______ home last night, we saw a strange object in the sky. (★★)
A. drive B. drove C. were driving D. had driven
21. Half of the Beijing’s private cars ______ off the roads due to heavy smog on Friday. (★)
A. order B. are ordered C. ordered D. were ordered
22. It was believed that the TV series Legend of Minyue ______ millions of people soon. (★★)
A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract D. would attract
23. Mr. and Mrs. Williams ______ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from Japan. (★)
A. had worked B. have worked C. work D. are working
24. Mike ______ more than 600 people here in the past two years. (★★)
A. is interviewing B. has interviewed C. interview D. will interview
Part Two 被动语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
☆一般现在时 do
☆一般过去时 did
☆一般将来时 will +do be going to +do
过去将来时 would +do
☆现在完成时 have/has +done
过去完成时 had +done
易错点：感官动词(look;sound;taste;smell;feel;go;grow;become；stay等)、不及物动词(happen;occur出现；succeed；appear出现)以及词组：take place（发生）,break out（爆发），belong to（属于）等没有被动语态。
【巩固练习】
I.将以下句子改为被动语态。(来源：2023年上海中考一模)
1.People created sound effects to add excitement to the film. （改为被动语态）
Sound effects _______ _______to add excitement to the film.
2. The school will buy many copies of comic strips for children to read. (改为被动语态)
Many copies of comic strips will ________ ________ by the school for children to read.
3.The family band has held many concerts in different countries since 2001. (改为被动语态)
Many concerts have__________ __________in different countries since 2001.
4.The government made laws to stop killing wild animals.（改为被动语态）
Laws ________ ________ by the government to stop killing wild animals.
5.They built Stadium 974 with 974 shipping containers in Qatar. (改为被动语态)
Stadium 974 _________ _________ with 974 shipping containers in Qatar.
6.The students have performed the play—Sound of Music for years. （改为被动语态）
The play—Sound of Music _____________ performed by the students for years.
7.My classmate John broke the window when he was playing football. (改为被动语态)
The window ________ ________ by my classmate John when he was playing football.
8.Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab. （改为被动语态）
We ________ ________ not to touch the chemicals in the lab by our teacher.
9.People needn't show the travel code（行程码）any longer.（改为被动语态）
The travel code needn't _________ _________ any longer.
10.The farmer took John on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain.（改为被动语态）
John _________ _________ on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain by the farmer.
11.The young artist created a new language of painting.(改为被动语态)
A new language of painting_______　_______ by the young artist.
12.A loud noise from the kitchen woke up the girl at midnight. （改为被动语态）
The girl ________ ________ up by a loud noise from the kitchen at midnight.
II.Choose the best answer.(来源：2023年上海中考二模)
1.Frozen, a musical fantasy film, ________ by Walt Disney in 2013.
A. is produced B. was produced C. will be produced D. had been produced
2. Martin ________ German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.
A. will study B. was studying C. has studied D. had studied
3. New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly.
A. are driven B. drive C. were driven D. drove
4. The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years.
A. holds B. held C. is held D. was held
5. The students in Class One ________ a revision lesson this time yesterday.
A. have B. had C. have had D. were having
6. The manager said that he _________ the meeting if too many people were absent.
A. canceled B. would cancel C. will cancel D. had canceled
7.By the end of last month, the medical team ________ in Africa for six months to look after the sick people there.
A. would stay B. has stayed C. will stay D. had stayed
【阅读提高】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择正确答案）
A few years ago, my two-year-old son pointing at a dozen of “stood” color marker-pens, cheered excitedly, “Mummy, look! I did it.” With the encouragement of such a ___45___, he quickly collected another handful of long and thin ball-pens, trying to do the same-making them stand up on the table. Little by little, his face ___46___— red and finally he cried out, “Mummy, help!”
___47___ all the ball-pens in his hand had either sharp or round ends, I said casually, “Mummy can’t help you on this.” But immediately he cried loudly and fell to the floor. A moment later, he ran back to the table, and____48____ trying to keep the ball-pens standing up.
Without knowing why the ball-pens can; t stand up, my son had accepted the impossibility after many times of ___49___tries. He put aside all the ball-pens, and kept only those marker-pens for this standing up “game”. This time he succeeded in this way. Clearly, he already learned to let go of this useless try.
Being persistent is not easy. But sometimes, it is even harder to let go. In our daily life, perhaps many headaches can be___50___ if we know how to realize those unlikely achievable goals, and then decisively let go of them immediately.
45. A. reply B. present C. photo D. success
46. A. turned B. guided C. held D. lifted
47. A. Knowing B. Noticing C. Believing D. Understanding
48. A. stopped B. continued C. enjoyed D. finished
49. A. failed B. passed C. wanted D. died
50. A. connected B. stopped C. started D. avoided
C.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：
The earthquake shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys in San Francisco. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of m____51____ of dollars’ worth of buildings. Not in history has a modern city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. Nothing remains of it b____52____ memories.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. I watched the big fires from out on the bay. East, west, north and south, strong winds were b____53____ upon the dead city. Day and night the fires continued.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Time and time again, successful efforts were made by the firefighters, and every time, the flames would appear once again from the sides or from behind them only to defeat their hard-won v____54____.
Throughout the night, tens of thousands of homeless people made their escape. Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees. Government tents had been set up. People were lining up for free meals. Everybody was p____55____. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night.
At one o’clock in the morning, I walked down t____56____ the heart of the city. A rain of ashes was falling. Not one person was in sight. I stood at the corner of Kearney and Market. The place had been given up. A few blocks away, it was burning on both sides. The street was a wall of flames.
All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn. Friday night saw the flames finally put out, though not until after Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill had been d____57____.
All of the neighboring cities and towns have been jammed with those who are now homeless. Refugees are being transported for free by the railroads to any point they wish to go. Over one hundred thousand people have left the city.
＊This article was written by American novelist and journalist Jack London.It has been adapted by editors for younger readers.
【课后作业】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
V. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案）（15%)
1. There is something wrong ______ my eyes. I can't see clearly.
A. of B. about C. to D. with
2. Linda didn’t bring her dictionary here. So I lent ________ to ________.
A. mine；her B. mine；him C. her；mine D. my；her
3. It is said that several ________ students are going to have the Listening Contest this weekend.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
4. Online courses enable students ________ at their pace.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. to learning
5. Mark would like to accept the job ________ he is not quite pleased with the pay.
A. though B. because C. if D. until
6. The policeman caught the drunk driver, but he didn’t remember ________ the old lady.
A. knock down B. to knock down C. knocked down D. knocking down
7. Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. would play
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the film at the moment.
A. is enjoying B. are enjoying C. enjoy D. enjoys
9. Our class teacher is hurrying to our classroom. She has ________ to tell us.
A. anything important B. nothing important
C. important thing D. something important
10. Jerry told me that he ________ on an old man’s eyes in the hospital this Sunday.
A. will operate B. would operate C. operated D. has operated
11. ________ useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning!
A. What B. How C. What a D. What an
12. Be kind to others, or you won’t ________ by them.
A. respect B. be respected C. respected D. be respecting
13. We should look after the newly born baby ________ of all the babies at the nursery.
A. careful B. carefully C. most careful D. most carefully
14. Could you tell me ________
A. what is the boy’s name B. what the boy’s name was
C. what the boy’s name is D. what was the name of the boy
15. —Excuse me. I want to complain about the coffee bought in your shop.
－Sorry! ________
A. I don’t think so. B. That’s all right. C. Really D. What’s the problem
plete the following passage with the letters representing the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将下列单词或词组的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一个单词或词组，每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A. strange B. tricks C. allowed D. sports E. turned out
A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh. It can even amaze them with its creativity. Some schools and universities have a long tradition of students playing good ____16____ , which sometimes include school buildings and cars.
The California Institute of Technology, a university in the US, has a special day on which students are ____17____ to play big tricks. One time, a group of students took apart a car, moved the parts into a student’s room and then put the car back together next to the bed.
It was a quiet evening at an American high school. Going home, the headmaster got into his car and started the engine. It’s quite ____18____ that the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move! It ____19____ that some students had found a way to lift the car up so that its tires were just above the ground.
A. responsible B. later C. actually D. shocked E. amazing
One morning in 2006, the staff at another American high school were ____20____ to find a pink car on the roof. The car even had question marks painted all over it! The staff believed that many students must have worked together to complete this.
The American trick in 2006 was ____21____ a copy of British trick in 1958. That year, at the University of Cambridge, a car appeared on the roof of a building that was five storeys high. It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down. They couldn’t find out who was ____22____, and the trick made headlines around the world. It was only fifty years ____23____ that the students in the case proved who they were and how they played the excellent trick.
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）（8%)
24. Tom’s father is a man of average _________（high).
25. Jack was ________ of his mistake until his teacher told him about it.(aware)
26. I have a number of _______ about the hotel room you’ve given me.（complain）
27. The noise in the room made me _________ (fright).
28. Steve Jobs has been ________ since a few years ago. (die)
29. The poor girl _________ being hugged by her mum and died with a smile. (imagination)
puters are super _________ (calculate).
31. I believe ________ are important than money. (know)
VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required:(按要求改写下列句子）（14%)
32. She’s never taken a train to go travelling. (改为一般疑问句）
_________ she _________ taken a train to go travelling
33. The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals. (改为反意疑问句）
The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals, _________ _________
34. The manager said sorry to the customers for the quality of the products. (保持句意不变）
The manager ________ ________ the customers for the quality of the products.
35. They visited Disneyland Park last weekend. (对划线部分提问）
________ ________ they visit last weekend
36. The students should sweep the floor every day. (改为被动语态）
The floor should _________ _________ by the students every day.
37. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. (保持句意不变)
The situation is _________ _________ for us to do something to save the Earth.
38. our parents, help, every week, we, do some housework, had better(连词成句）
_______________________________.
Reading comprehension.
A.Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Do you dream of being a reporter or an editor Are you a good writer who loves the news If so, you may have what it takes to be a winner in the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search.
We’ re looking for 12 students from around the nation to be members of the TFK Kid Reporter Team for the 2016-2017 school year.
Next year’s team will continue the tradition of reporting local and regional news stories for TIME FOR KIDS magazine and .
Professional journalists from TIME FOR KIDS will select this team. In the past few years, TFK kid Reporters have:
·Interviewed national leaders, celebrities, and other news-makers.
·Written news stories, reviews and opinion pieces for TIME FOR KIDS.
·Learned about the news business from award-winning journalists who work at TIME.
·Appeared on television to talk about their work.
·Appeared on television to give talks.
How to Enter
To apply (申请), visit www. /2016kr and complete the required fields and the official entry form. Be sure to read the official rules and share them with your parent or guardian, who must sign your entry form and submit (提交) it electronically. Entries must be submitted by June 17, 2016. You must be 14 years of age or younger on September 1, 2016.
Contest opens:
10: 00 A. M. EST on March 14, 2016
Contest deadline:
12: 00 P. M. EST on June 17, 2016
39. What is “the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search” in the first paragraph
A. A story. B. A school. C. A company. D. A competition.
40. What don’t TFK KID Reporters probably do
A. Have a talk on TV. B. Teach kids how to write a report.
C. Have an interview with Obama. D. Write a news story.
41. The parents must _______.
A. fill in the entry form B. share the entry form with the guardians
C. sign the entry form D. post the letter of application with a stamp
42. On which day is it possible for kids to apply for the job
A. March 15, 2015. B. July 16, 2016.
C. May 1, 2016. D. Today.
43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. Readers will vote to select the members of the team.
B. TFK KID Reporters may write different kinds of articles.
C. Students of any age can apply for the job.
D. Students need to pay for the chance to get the job.
44. You may find the above information in a/an ________.
A. advertisement B. novel C. poem D. textbook
D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题）
This week, my dog of almost 14 years died. What I lost was not just a pet dog. She was so much more than that. I don’t even remember my life without her.
My dog only cost $40. She was among hundreds of dogs at Philadelphia’s Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) . PAWS is the largest animal shelter in my city. It is also a “no-kill” shelter. Many other shelters, however, are unable to be “no-kill”because of the large number of animals they have. Nearly sixty percent of dogs that enter these shelters end up being euthanized (meaning “killed in a peaceful way”)
This number could be lowered if more people decided to adopt an animal rather than purchasing one. When you adopt a pet from a shelter, you are not only giving your chosen animal a loving home. You are also saving the lives of many others as you help to free up space for them.
Adopting an animal is much cheaper than buying one. Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, many people have had lower incomes than usual. More people have turned to adopting dogs. The idea behind the adoption of a dog is good. However, some animal shelters are worried that after the pandemic is over, some of these new pet owners might become, busy again and no longer have time to care for their animals. These animals might end up back on the street and in the end being put down. So before you take in an animal, think about why you want to do so. Do you truly love it, or do you just want to save money
I like to think back to when I adopted my dog almost 14 years ago. I’m proud that I gave her the life she deserved. Pets can make wonderful additions to our lives. However, almost any pet, including those without a large price tag, can do this. We should never allow man’s best friend to be let down by a system that kills because there is no room.
58. The dog was just a pet to the writer, wasn’t she
______________________________
59. Where did the writer get the pet dog
______________________________
60. What caused many people to turn to adopting dogs
______________________________
61. According to the writer, what might happen to the newly adopted pets after the pandemic
______________________________
62. What does on the streetson the streets “this” in the last paragraph mean
______________________________
63. Do you agree with the writer that adopting is better than purchasing Why (15-20 words)
______________________________
Writing(写作）：（20%)
64. Write at least 60 words on the topic “Some advice for the younger students at my junior middle school”. (以“给我初中母校的学弟学妹们的一些忠告”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)（20 words)
（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分）
Suggested points: (下列问题供参考）
1. Now that you’re going to graduate, what do you think of your junior middle school life
2. What advice do you have for the younger students (Give at least 2 pieces)
Add supportive details to each piece of the advice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2单元同步知识梳理&测试 教师版
【知识梳理】
一、词汇Words
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 pole /p l/ n. 杆子
2 cormorant /'k m( )r( )nt/ n. 鸬鹚
3 elderly /'eld l / adj. 上了年纪的
4 control /k n'tr l/ v. 控制
5 raft /rɑ ft/ n. 木排
6 underwater / nd 'w t / adv. 在水下
7 require /r 'kwa / v. 需要
8 rod /r d/ v. 杆，竿
9 bamboo /b m'bu / n. 竹子
10 reach /ri t / v. 到达
11 swallow /'sw l / v. 吞下
12 bang /b / v. 猛敲，砸
13 hang /h / v. 悬挂
14 remove /r 'mu v/ v. 移走
15 rest /rest/ n. 剩下部分，其余
16 traditional /tr 'd ( )n( )l/ adj. 传统的
17 skill /sk l/ n. 技能
18 skin /sk n/ n. 皮肤
19 mention /men ( )n/ v. 提到
20 straight /stre t/ adj. 直的
21 situation /s tj 'e ( )n/ n. 场景
22 imagine / 'm d n/ v. 想象
二、词组Phrases
up to 到达（某数量，程度等）；至多有
set off=set out/start 出发；动身（注意：同义句转换）
so that=in order to/in order that/so that （表示目的）为了，以便（同上）
up and down 起伏；上下波动
at night 在夜晚
be good at doing sth.=do well in 擅长做某事
be used to do=be used for doing 被用来做某事
require sb. to do sth.(require=need) 要求某人做某事
enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事
be divided into 被分成（几分）
except for 除……之外
be interested in doing=be fond of=be keen on 对...感兴趣
no more=not any more=no longer/not any longer 不再
in the world 在这个世界上
thousands of (区别two thousand) 成千上万
the majority of 大部分
be processed into 被加工成
by hand 用手
instead of=take the place of 而不是,代替
be famous for=be well-known for （区别be famous as/be well-known as） 因...而出名
be proud of=take pride in 为...感到骄傲
be of average height 平均身高，中等个头
elder sister 姐姐
三、词性转换
1 able adj. 能干的
unable adj. 无能的
enable v. 使能够
ability n. 能力
2 elder adj. 年长的
older adj. old的比较级
elderly adj. 年老的
3 fish n. 鱼；鱼肉
v. 钓鱼；捕鱼
fisherman n. 渔夫，渔民
4 frighten v. 使……害怕
frightened adj. 受惊吓的；吃惊的（一般指人）
frightening adj. 恐怖的（一般指物）
5 high adj.&adv. 高的/高高地
highly adv. 高度地，非常
height n. 高度
6 move v. 移动，搬动，搬家；感动
remove v. 移除
7 probable adj. 很可能的
probably adv. 很可能地，大概，或许
8 surprise n. 惊奇，诧异
surprised adj. 感到惊奇的
surprising adj. 令人惊讶的
9 tradition n. 传统
traditional adj. 传统的
10 true adj. 真的，真实的
truth n. 真理，真相，实际情况
truly adv. 真地
11 use v. 使用
useful adj. 有用的
usefully adv. 有用地
useless adj. 无用的
uselessly adv. 无用地
12 west n. 西方；西部
adj. 西方的；向西的
western adj. 西方的
四、课文、词汇复习
Fishing with birds
Damin sits on the side of the river cooking a meal, with a large bird on his head. The bird is a cormorant, and Damin is a fisherman. He is over 65 now but s___1___ works every day. He is thin, and of average height, but he is very fit. Although he is an elderly man, he is s___2___ enough to control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his cormorants.
Cormorants are large black birds. They are good at catching fish b___3___ they can swim well underwater. Their large feet are used to push them quickly through the water. They can dive down 25 metres, and s___4___ underwater for up to two minutes.
Damin does not require nets or a fishing rod to catch fish. It is done for him by his 12 cormorants. Damin’s fishing t___5___ often begins in the late afternoon. He sets off on his bamboo raft with his birds. When he reaches the right place, he s___6___. He ties a piece of grass around the neck of each bird, so that it cannot swallow the fish. The he pushes the birds into the water, and jumps up and down and bangs the water with his pole. The fish are f___7___ by this. At night a light is hung from the front of the raft. This enables Damin to see better, and also a___8___ the fish. The cormorants swim down and catch the fish, and bring them b___9___ to the raft. The fish are then removed from the birds’ mouths by Damin and thrown into a big basket. Later some of the fish are sold, and the r___10___ are divided between Damin’s family and the cormorants.
Cormorants fishing is a t___11___ Chinses skill, probably more than a thousand years old. Damin enjoys his work, and he is teaching his grandson everything he knows. However, f___12___ young people are interested in doing this type of work in the modern world. In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant fishermen in the world.
1. s__________ 2. s__________ 3. b__________ 4. s__________
5. t__________ 6. s__________ 7. f__________ 8. a__________
9. b__________ 10. r__________ 11. t__________ 12. f__________
【答案】1. still 2. strong 3. because 4. stay 5. trip 6. stops
7. frightened 8. attracts 9. back 10. rest 11. traditional 12. few
五、词义辨析
1.look的其它常用搭配：
look down俯瞰 look at朝……看 look for寻找 look after照顾 look up查看；抬头看
look forward to期盼(to为介词)
2. have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示非主观意愿。当用于否定和疑问句时，要用助动词do。反义疑问句用do/does/don’t/doesn’t等反问。
3. fit adj. 健康的；合适的 【近义】 healthy 【知识拓展】fitness n.健康
4. hang v. 悬挂；垂下
【知识拓展】 hang——hung——hung 悬挂
hang——hanged——hanged上吊；绞死
5.a small number of … 一小部分
a number of+可数名词复数：许多 a large number of +可数名词复数：大量
a large/huge amount of/ huge amounts of/ a great deal of +不可数名词：许多/大量...
the number of … ：...的数量是（谓语动词用单数）
6.depend v.依靠; depend on 依靠；取决于; dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的; independent adj.独立的。
7.mean v.意思是;打算 adj.吝啬的;刻薄的（熟词生义）
meaning n.意义,意思; meaningful adj.有意义的; meaningless adj.无意义的
mean to do sth打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着做某事
8.be aware of意识到,注意 be unaware of 没有意识到；没有注意到
【词性变换】awareness认识;意识;知道
9.be interested in sth. 对……感兴趣
【同义词组】 be keen on/show interest in/be fond of/be fascinated by
【指点迷津】 interesting& interested
interesting表示“有趣的”，指人或事物本身是有趣的，而interested表示“感兴趣的”，一般指人对某事物、某人感兴趣，常用人做主语，可构成固定搭配be interested in。
【知识拓展】 v.-ing型形容词与v.-ed型形容词：interest用做动词，其后加-ing和-ed都可变为形容词，但是动词加-ing形式的形容词，表示的是“人或事物本身所具有的性质”；而动词加-ed构成的形容词，表示被动之意，常指“使人……”，主语常为人。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
10.die v.死；死亡; dying adj.将死的；奄奄一息的; dead adj.无生命体征的,死亡的; death n.死亡; die of死于（内因）; die from死于（外因）
11.at once/right now/immediately/ right away 立刻；马上
12.succeed v.成功, successful adj.成功的
do sth successfully=succeed in doing sth=manage to do sth.=be able to成功做某事
13.be good at擅长于= do well in 【反义】 be poor at拙劣于 = do badly in
14.in fifty years 五十年后/内
【指点迷津】 in, after
①“in + 一段时间”指“（将来的）一段时间之后”，用how soon 提问。
②“after + 一段时间”或“一段时间 + after”表示“（在过去某个时间看来）一段时间之后”
e.g. He went home after two days. 他两天后回家了。
15.不定代词辨析：other; others; the other; the others; another; the rest
◎other：修饰可数名词，表示“另外的……其他的……”。
例：There are other dangers.这里有其他的危险。
◎others：一部分可以用some来指代，泛指另一部分可以用others来指代。some...,others...一些...,一些...。others也可以指“其他人”，首字母常考。
例：Others say that China is a great country.其他人说中国是个伟大的国家。
There are many persons on the playground.Some are playing football,others are singing.
在操场上有许多人。一些人在踢足球，一些人在唱歌。（还有其他人在做其他事情。）
◎the other：只用于两个事物，两者中的一个用one，另一个用the other。one...the other...一个...,另一个...。
例：He held a sword in one hand and pistol in the other.他一手握着剑，另一只手拿枪。
◎the others：范围确定，one指范围内的一个，the others为范围内余下的全部；或范围内的一些(some)，另一方为范围内余下的全部(the others)。
some...,the others...。一些...,剩下的...。
例：To this question,some select the first answer,and the others select the second one.对于这道题，有些人选择了第一个答案，其余人则选择了第二个答案。（没有其他人做其他选择。）
◎another：代词；用于三个或三个上，泛指另一个another。后加可数名词单数或者基数词（大于等于2）+可数名词复数。
another week 另一周，再一周
another two weeks另两周，再两周
例：One is policeman,another is worker,and the third is teacher.一个是警察，另一个是工人，第三个是老师。
◎any放在肯定句，表示“任何一个”，后面加可数名词单数；
any other（除自己之外）任何一下，后面加可数名词单数。
例：Tom is taller than any girl in his class.Tom比他班里的任何一个女孩都要高。
Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.Tom比他班里除他之外的任何一个男生都要高。
用比较级表示最高级的用法：
Tom is the tallest in his class.
=Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
=Tom is taller than anyone else in his class.
=Tom is taller than the others in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other student in his class.
单项选择
1. My family has two dogs. One is white, __________ is black.
A. other B. another C. the other D.others
答案选C。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
2. --- The shoes don’t fit me.Would you please show me __________
--- Sure. Here you are.
the other one B. the others C. another pair D. another one
答案选C。
3. The twins are so much alike that it is difficult to tell one from __________.
A. other B. the other C. others D. another
答案选B。
4. Some people think that the grass is greener on __________ side of the hill.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
答案选D。
5. --- Oh, the traffic is too heavy.
--- Let’s change __________ route to the airport.
other B. others C. the other D. another
答案选D。
6. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. __________ are climbing the hill.
A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
答案选A。?
7. I've just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, __________ are American stamps.
A.the other B.the others C.other D.others
选B。
8.用other, the other, others, the others 或another填空
He is taller than any __________ student in his class.
He is taller than __________ in his class.
He is taller than __________ students in his class.
Some students like pop music while __________ don’t in their school.
I want some __________ books besides this dictionary.
答案：1. other; the others;the other 2. others 3. other
16.few/a few
few一词解释为“很少数的，几乎没有的”，含有否定含义；而a few意为“有些；几个”，是肯定含义，两者都用来修饰可数名词。
17. unhappy adj. 不快乐的，不幸福的；悲伤的
unhappily adv.不开心地 happy adj.开心的；快乐的 happily adv.开心地；快乐地 happiness n.幸福 快乐
【拓展】
①否定前缀 un-加在名词、形容词或副词前：unfinished， undoubted， unhappy，unusual，unimportant等（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
②in-加在形容词，名词前：incorrect， inability， inaccurate，incomplete等
③im-加在字母m,b,p前：impossible, impolite等。（更多原版讲义，添加微信：ThumbEnglish）
注意：句中含有否定前缀的形容词不算否定句，反义疑问句时用否定反问。
e.g. He feels unhappy today,doesn’t he
18.care for =look after= take care of 关爱，照顾
19.stop…from = keep…from = prevent…form 阻止某事发生
20. what’s more=moreover 而且,此外。
21. living things 生物; live v.生活；生存；活着 adj.现场直播的（熟词生义）
alive adj.活着的，做表语或者补语，不做定语
e.g.He is still alive.他仍然活着。
There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. 他们仍然有一线希望能把她活着找到。
lively adj.活泼的；生机勃勃的。
【巩固练习】
I. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given verbs. (用括号中所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。)
The doctor asked the children to open their __________ and say “Ah”. (mouth)
The __________ beat the surface of the water with his pole.(fish)
These skills will __________ you to find a good job on Wall Street.(able)
If you go to Africa, you will __________ meet lions or other animals on your way.(probable)
Unlike her sister, Ella is of average __________.(high)
His hard work soon __________ the teacher’s notice.(attraction)
A __________ wedding in the United States takes place in a church.(tradition)
Mr. Brown always makes his students __________ in his lessons.(interest)
A light was ______ in the front of the bamboo raft to light the surface of the river.(hang)
My __________ brother is two years older than I. (old)
That __________ man is Simon’s grandfather. (elder)
It is a __________ custom to greet people with both hands together in Thailand. (tradition)
I’m __________ sorry for interrupting you. (true)
The dentist __________ my broken teeth last Sunday. (move)
Look up in the dictionary, it __________ you to understand English words. (able)
【答案】1. mouths 2. fisherman 3. enable 4. probably 5. height 6. attracted 7. traditional
8.interested 9. hung 10. elder 11. elderly 12. traditional 13. truly 14. removed 15. enables
II.Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
The lions sleep during the day and hunt ______ night.
A. on B. in C. over D. at
The students can speak English fluently, but ______ of them can write well.
A. few B. a lot C. little D. a little
It’s difficult to remove the hook ______ the fish in the cold water.
A. from B. of C. to D. at
Cathy felt very ______ when she met her favourite star Jay Chou in the party.
A. sad B. sadly C. happy D. happily
5. I have given you ten picture books, and ______ are English novels.
A. other B. the other C. another D. the rest
6. This new hotel is welcomed these days and it can hold ______ 500 guests.
A. next to B. less C. up to D. at more
7. We could not ______ the airport in time for my flight.
A. get B. reach C. arrive D. arrive in
8. The machine is used ______ doctors measure the patients’ temperature.
A. help B. to helping C. to help D. helped
9. His father made a final check of the car before they ______.
A. set off B. set up C. set down D. set about
Please tell me the difference ______ the two English words.
A. among B. between C. with D. from
______ wonderful dictionary it is ! I love it very much.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
12 Our family picture is ______ on the wall of the dining room.
A. hang B. hanged C. hung D hunged
13 We were ______ to travel without any problems with the weather.
A. enough lucky B. too lucky
C. lucky too D. lucky enough
14. Mr. King didn’t know ______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. D
III. Rewrite the sentences as required.(按要求改写句子)
Alice usually plays with her pet dog after school.(改为否定句)
Alice __________ usually __________ with her pet dog after school.
The red bike belongs to my mother.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ belongs to your mother
3. I changed seats with Daniel in order to sit next to my friend. (保持句意基本不变).
I changed seats with Daniel __________ __________ I can sit next to my friend.
4． The soldiers saved more than 100 workers from the coal mine in April. (改为被动语态)
More than 100 workers __________ __________ from the coal mine by the soldiers in April.
5. Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning. (改为反意疑问句)
Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, __________ __________
6． Will Frank go to the park with us Please tell me. (合并为一句)
Please tell me __________ Frank __________ go to the park with us.
【答案】1. doesn’t play 2 Which bike 3. so that 4. were saved 5. did she 6. if/whether… will
【随堂练习】
提高版
I.单项选择
( ) 1. Fangfang ran _________ than any other _________ in her class.
A. far quickly, students B. far quickly , student
C. much more quickly, student D. much more quickly, students
( ) 2. There are trees on ______ sides of the road.
A. either B. each C. both D. neither
( ) 3. They entered the room and found him ______ a picture.
A. draw B. to draw C. was drawing D. drawing
( ) 4. Could you tell me ______ the nearest bank
A. how can I get to B. how I can get to C. how get to D. how to get
( ) 5. I’d like to know what my pen-friend ________.
A. like B. is likes C. look like D. looks like
( ) 6. He told me that he ________ a cold for three days.
A. has B. has caught C. had had D. has had
( ) 7. When his name was called, I saw him ________ from his seat.
A. rose B. raise C. raised D. rise
( ) 8. I really don’t know if he _______ tomorrow. If he _______ , please tell me.
A. comes, will come B. comes, comes
C. will come, comes D. will come, will come
( ) 9. They usually have the traditional turkey ______ Christmas Day.
A. from B. at C. in D. on
( ) 10. _______ it was late at night, Mr Black was still working.
A. If B. Because C. Though D. As
( ) 11. They have _______ on a trip round the world .
A. taken off B. set off C. fallen off D. turn off
( ) 12. Let’s go out for a walk, ________
A. shan’t we B. shall we C. will you D. will we
( ) 13. These dinosaur eggs ________about 95 million years ago .
A. laid B. were lay C. were laid D. had laid
( ) 14. ________, he fell down and lost the game.
A. Surprisingly B. Surprising C. Surprised D. To surprise
( ) 15. They had to put off the picnic _______ it rained heavily.
A. so B. so that C. however D. because
( ) 16. A: _______ have you been to Hangzhou
B: Only once.
A. How long B. How often C. How many times D. How much time
( ) 17. The price of the colour TV is too _____.
A. expensive B. tall C. high D. many
( ) 18. The shoes are ______.
A. too small for them to wear them B. so small that he can’t wear
C. big enough for him to wear them D. so small that he can’t wear them
( ) 19.The concert_________ next Friday．
A.will be taken place B.will take place
C.takes place D.took place
( ) 20.Everybody went in for the race _____ Helen.She was taking______ of our clothes.
A. besides ,mind B. except,care C. except ,mind D. besides, care
【答案】1-5 CCDBD 6-10 CDCDC 11-15 BBDAD 16-20 CCDBB
II.词形转换
1. As we all know, (human) are cleverer than computers.
2. What would our life be like without (electric) brain
3. Mrs. Chen watched her granddaughter playing on the beach with great (pleasure).
4. He often suggests (have) a barbecue in the country park.
5. (luck), the seven astronauts in Columbia spaceship couldn’t return safely. All of them died.
6. His uncle has enough (know) about the subject to write a good book.
7. Computers can (calculator) very fast.
8. He was (true) sorry for being late for school.
9. I was late, so I missed the (begin) of the movie.
10. Study hard and try your best to (entrance) a key school, Tim.
【答案】1. humans 2. electronic 3. pleasure 4. having 5. Unluckily 6. knowledge 7. calculate
8. truly 9. beginning 10. enter
Ⅲ. Rewrite the sentences according to the instructions in the brackets.
1. Our monitor is the tallest student in our class.（保持句意不变）
No one in our class is than our monitor.
2. People made radios of this kind three years ago.（改为被动语态）
Radios of this kind three years ago.
3. They were able to reach the village before 6:00.（保持句意不变）
They reach the village before 6:00.
4. In those days Jane made a living by selling newspapers in the streets.（就划线部分提问）
Jane make a living in those days
5. She likes sports. She likes playing tennis and golf.（保持句意不变）
She likes sports tennis and golf.
【答案】1. else; taller 2. were made 3. managed to 4. How did 5. such as
【语法梳理】
Part One 时态复习
☆时态复习：现在进行时/过去进行时，一般将来时/过去将来时，一般现在时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语（时态标志词）
一般现在时 动词原形 第三人称+动词第三人称单数 always, usually, sometimes, often, every, once a week, in the morning, in December, in spring, on Mondays 等。
一般将来时 will+动词原形 be going to+动词原形 tomorrow, the coming…, in the future, next Tuesday, in two hours, some day, soon, before long, this evening 等。
过去将来时 would+动词原形 大都出现在主句动词为一般过去时的宾语从句中。
现在进行时 am/is/are+动词现在分词 now, at the moment, look, listen, be quite, these days, still 等。
过去进行时 was/were+动词现在分词 this time yesterday, at that time, from 9 to 11 last Friday, when, while 等。
☆时态复习：一般过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时：
时态 结构 常用的提示语
一般过去时： 发生在过去某个特定的时间点 was/were 动词过去式 ago, just now, before 2005, yesterday, last Friday, once, the other day, those days, come upon a time, long before 等。
现在完成时：发生在过去，强调对现在的影响 have/has+动词过去分词 since, for, already, yet, just, in the past few years/months, in the last few weeks/months/days 等。
过去完成时：强调过去之前 had+动词过去分词 by the end of last term/month/year, by yesterday, by 2004, by last Monday,by the time+句子（did） 等。
【巩固练习】
1. My sister ______ plenty of volunteer work in the past seven years. (★★★)
A. does B. is doing C. has done D. had done
2. Flora looked out of the window and found it ______ heavily. (★★)
A. snows B. snowed C. has snowed D. was snowing
3. Tom and his sister ______ to the barbecue last Saturday. They were very happy. (★)
A. have invited B. were invited C. were inviting D. invited
4. Americans ______ New York City “The Big Apple” since 1971. (★)
A. call B. called C. has called D. have called
5. The Greens ______ the welcome party already before Henry came to talk about it. (★★★)
A. has arranged B. would arrange C. were arranging D. had arranged
6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ______. (★)
A. rings B. will ring C. rang D. was ringing
7. By the end of last week, Maggie ______ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. (★★★)
A. will stay B. has stayed C. would stay D. had stayed
8. The pupils ______ as volunteers in the nursing home after school every Friday. (★)
A. works B. work C. are working D. have worked
9. How time flies! It ______ three years since I became a junior high school student. (★)
A. has been B. have been C. had been D. was
10. The thief ______ on the scene when he was trying to get away with the necklace. (★)
A. will be caught B. is caught C. was caught D. has been caught
11. The Korean girl can speak Chinese without difficulty because she ______ in China for years. (★)
A. stay B. will stay C. has stayed D. stayed
12. The boy ______ for her in the rain for nearly half an hour before she appeared. (★★★)
A. waits B. waited C. has waited D. had waited
13. Eddie ______ the classroom with his classmates at that time yesterday. (★)
A. was cleaning B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. is cleaning
14. A: Is that your manager, Lucy
B: That can’t be Mr. Wang. He ______ to Sydney with his daughter. (★★)
A. has been B. had been C. had gone D. has gone
15. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, ______ to donate a lot of money to charity when his daughter was born. (★★★)
A. decides B. has decided C. had decided D. decided
16. This car is environment-friendly because its engine ______ by electricity. (★)
A. is driven B. are driven C. drive D. drives
17. —Is your father at home
—No. He ______ to Beijing on business. (★)
A. goes B. had gone C. went D. has gone
18.Minions(小黄人) ______ pretty popular since the film “Despicable Me” was shown. (★)
A. become B. will become C. have become D. are becoming
19. Many people ______ when the earthquake happened last week. (★)
A. slept B. sleep C. are sleeping D. were sleeping
20. When we ______ home last night, we saw a strange object in the sky. (★★)
A. drive B. drove C. were driving D. had driven
21. Half of the Beijing’s private cars ______ off the roads due to heavy smog on Friday. (★)
A. order B. are ordered C. ordered D. were ordered
22. It was believed that the TV series Legend of Minyue ______ millions of people soon. (★★)
A. attracted B. has attracted C. will attract D. would attract
23. Mr. and Mrs. Williams ______ in San Francisco since they returned to the USA from Japan. (★)
A. had worked B. have worked C. work D. are working
24. Mike ______ more than 600 people here in the past two years. (★★)
A. is interviewing B. has interviewed C. interview D. will interview
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. D
15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. C 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. B
Part Two 被动语态
时态 主动语态 被动语态
☆一般现在时 do am/is/are + done
☆一般过去时 did was／were + done
☆一般将来时 will +do be going to +do will +be + done be going to +be+done
过去将来时 would +do would +be + done
☆现在完成时 have/has +done have/has +been +done
过去完成时 had +done had+ been +done
易错点：感官动词(look;sound;taste;smell;feel;go;grow;become；stay等)、不及物动词(happen;occur出现；succeed；appear出现)以及词组：take place（发生）,break out（爆发），belong to（属于）等没有被动语态。
【巩固练习】
I.将以下句子改为被动语态。(来源：2023年上海中考一模)
1.People created sound effects to add excitement to the film. （改为被动语态）
Sound effects _______ _______to add excitement to the film.
【答案】were created
2. The school will buy many copies of comic strips for children to read. (改为被动语态)
Many copies of comic strips will ________ ________ by the school for children to read.
【答案】 be bought
3.The family band has held many concerts in different countries since 2001. (改为被动语态)
Many concerts have__________ __________in different countries since 2001.
【答案】been held
4.The government made laws to stop killing wild animals.（改为被动语态）
Laws ________ ________ by the government to stop killing wild animals.
【答案】 were made
5.They built Stadium 974 with 974 shipping containers in Qatar. (改为被动语态)
Stadium 974 _________ _________ with 974 shipping containers in Qatar.
【答案】was built
6.The students have performed the play—Sound of Music for years. （改为被动语态）
The play—Sound of Music _____________ performed by the students for years.
【答案】has been
7.My classmate John broke the window when he was playing football. (改为被动语态)
The window ________ ________ by my classmate John when he was playing football.
【答案】 was broken
8.Our teacher warned us not to touch the chemicals in the lab. （改为被动语态）
We ________ ________ not to touch the chemicals in the lab by our teacher.
【答案】 were warned
9.People needn't show the travel code（行程码）any longer.（改为被动语态）
The travel code needn't _________ _________ any longer.
【答案】 be shown
10.The farmer took John on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain.（改为被动语态）
John _________ _________ on a tour of the coffee farm in the mountain by the farmer.
【答案】was taken
11.The young artist created a new language of painting.(改为被动语态)
A new language of painting_______　_______ by the young artist.
【答案】was created
12.A loud noise from the kitchen woke up the girl at midnight. （改为被动语态）
The girl ________ ________ up by a loud noise from the kitchen at midnight.
【答案】was woken
II.Choose the best answer.(来源：2023年上海中考二模)
1.Frozen, a musical fantasy film, ________ by Walt Disney in 2013.
A. is produced B. was produced C. will be produced D. had been produced
【答案】B
2. Martin ________ German for nearly two years before he went to work in Germany.
A. will study B. was studying C. has studied D. had studied
【答案】D
3. New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly.
A. are driven B. drive C. were driven D. drove
【答案】A
4. The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years.
A. holds B. held C. is held D. was held
【答案】C
5. The students in Class One ________ a revision lesson this time yesterday.
A. have B. had C. have had D. were having
【答案】D
6. The manager said that he _________ the meeting if too many people were absent.
A. canceled B. would cancel C. will cancel D. had canceled
【答案】B
7.By the end of last month, the medical team ________ in Africa for six months to look after the sick people there.
A. would stay B. has stayed C. will stay D. had stayed
【答案】D
【阅读提高】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择正确答案）
A few years ago, my two-year-old son pointing at a dozen of “stood” color marker-pens, cheered excitedly, “Mummy, look! I did it.” With the encouragement of such a ___45___, he quickly collected another handful of long and thin ball-pens, trying to do the same-making them stand up on the table. Little by little, his face ___46___— red and finally he cried out, “Mummy, help!”
___47___ all the ball-pens in his hand had either sharp or round ends, I said casually, “Mummy can’t help you on this.” But immediately he cried loudly and fell to the floor. A moment later, he ran back to the table, and____48____ trying to keep the ball-pens standing up.
Without knowing why the ball-pens can; t stand up, my son had accepted the impossibility after many times of ___49___tries. He put aside all the ball-pens, and kept only those marker-pens for this standing up “game”. This time he succeeded in this way. Clearly, he already learned to let go of this useless try.
Being persistent is not easy. But sometimes, it is even harder to let go. In our daily life, perhaps many headaches can be___50___ if we know how to realize those unlikely achievable goals, and then decisively let go of them immediately.
45. A. reply B. present C. photo D. success
46. A. turned B. guided C. held D. lifted
47. A. Knowing B. Noticing C. Believing D. Understanding
48. A. stopped B. continued C. enjoyed D. finished
49. A. failed B. passed C. wanted D. died
50. A. connected B. stopped C. started D. avoided
【答案】45. D 46. A 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. D
C.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）：
The earthquake shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys in San Francisco. But the fire that followed burned up hundreds of m____51____ of dollars’ worth of buildings. Not in history has a modern city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. Nothing remains of it b____52____ memories.
On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. By Wednesday afternoon, half the heart of the city was gone. I watched the big fires from out on the bay. East, west, north and south, strong winds were b____53____ upon the dead city. Day and night the fires continued.
Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Time and time again, successful efforts were made by the firefighters, and every time, the flames would appear once again from the sides or from behind them only to defeat their hard-won v____54____.
Throughout the night, tens of thousands of homeless people made their escape. Toy wagons and go-carts were used as trucks. Union Square was packed with refugees. Government tents had been set up. People were lining up for free meals. Everybody was p____55____. Never in all of San Francisco’s history were her people so kind as on this horrible night.
At one o’clock in the morning, I walked down t____56____ the heart of the city. A rain of ashes was falling. Not one person was in sight. I stood at the corner of Kearney and Market. The place had been given up. A few blocks away, it was burning on both sides. The street was a wall of flames.
All day Thursday and Thursday night, all day Friday and Friday night, the fires continued to burn. Friday night saw the flames finally put out, though not until after Russian Hill and Telegraph Hill had been d____57____.
All of the neighboring cities and towns have been jammed with those who are now homeless. Refugees are being transported for free by the railroads to any point they wish to go. Over one hundred thousand people have left the city.
＊This article was written by American novelist and journalist Jack London.It has been adapted by editors for younger readers.
【答案】51. millions 52. but 53. blowing 54. victory 55. polite/patient/peaceful 56. through 57. destroyed
【课后作业】（试题来源：2022-2023学年进才北九年级上学期期中）
V. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案）（15%)
1. There is something wrong ______ my eyes. I can't see clearly.
A. of B. about C. to D. with
【答案】D
2. Linda didn’t bring her dictionary here. So I lent ________ to ________.
A. mine；her B. mine；him C. her；mine D. my；her
【答案】A
3. It is said that several ________ students are going to have the Listening Contest this weekend.
A. thousands B. thousand C. thousand of D. thousands of
【答案】B
4. Online courses enable students ________ at their pace.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. to learning
【答案】C
5. Mark would like to accept the job ________ he is not quite pleased with the pay.
A. though B. because C. if D. until
【答案】A
6. The policeman caught the drunk driver, but he didn’t remember ________ the old lady.
A. knock down B. to knock down C. knocked down D. knocking down
【答案】D
7. Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. would play
【答案】C
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the film at the moment.
A. is enjoying B. are enjoying C. enjoy D. enjoys
【答案】A
9. Our class teacher is hurrying to our classroom. She has ________ to tell us.
A. anything important B. nothing important
C. important thing D. something important
【答案】D
10. Jerry told me that he ________ on an old man’s eyes in the hospital this Sunday.
A. will operate B. would operate C. operated D. has operated
【答案】B
11. ________ useful message he got from his mobile phone this morning!
A. What B. How C. What a D. What an
【答案】C
12. Be kind to others, or you won’t ________ by them.
A. respect B. be respected C. respected D. be respecting
【答案】B
13. We should look after the newly born baby ________ of all the babies at the nursery.
A. careful B. carefully C. most careful D. most carefully
【答案】D
14. Could you tell me ________
A. what is the boy’s name B. what the boy’s name was
C. what the boy’s name is D. what was the name of the boy
【答案】C
15. —Excuse me. I want to complain about the coffee bought in your shop.
－Sorry! ________
A. I don’t think so. B. That’s all right. C. Really D. What’s the problem
【答案】D
plete the following passage with the letters representing the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将下列单词或词组的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一个单词或词组，每个单词或词组只能填一次）
A. strange B. tricks C. allowed D. sports E. turned out
A good trick doesn’t leave lasting damage and always makes people laugh. It can even amaze them with its creativity. Some schools and universities have a long tradition of students playing good ____16____ , which sometimes include school buildings and cars.
The California Institute of Technology, a university in the US, has a special day on which students are ____17____ to play big tricks. One time, a group of students took apart a car, moved the parts into a student’s room and then put the car back together next to the bed.
It was a quiet evening at an American high school. Going home, the headmaster got into his car and started the engine. It’s quite ____18____ that the wheels turned, but the car didn’t move! It ____19____ that some students had found a way to lift the car up so that its tires were just above the ground.
A. responsible B. later C. actually D. shocked E. amazing
One morning in 2006, the staff at another American high school were ____20____ to find a pink car on the roof. The car even had question marks painted all over it! The staff believed that many students must have worked together to complete this.
The American trick in 2006 was ____21____ a copy of British trick in 1958. That year, at the University of Cambridge, a car appeared on the roof of a building that was five storeys high. It caused a lot of trouble for police and firefighters as they had to cut the car into pieces to get it down. They couldn’t find out who was ____22____, and the trick made headlines around the world. It was only fifty years ____23____ that the students in the case proved who they were and how they played the excellent trick.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. E
20. D 21. C 22. A 23. B
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子）（8%)
24. Tom’s father is a man of average _________（high).
【答案】height
25. Jack was ________ of his mistake until his teacher told him about it.(aware)
【答案】unaware
26. I have a number of _______ about the hotel room you’ve given me.（complain）
【答案】complaints
27. The noise in the room made me _________ (fright).
【答案】frightened
28. Steve Jobs has been ________ since a few years ago. (die)
【答案】dead
29. The poor girl _________ being hugged by her mum and died with a smile. (imagination)
【答案】imagined
puters are super _________ (calculate).
【答案】calculators
31. I believe ________ are important than money. (know)
【答案】knowledge
VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required:(按要求改写下列句子）（14%)
32. She’s never taken a train to go travelling. (改为一般疑问句）
_________ she _________ taken a train to go travelling
【答案】 ①. Has ②. ever
33. The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals. (改为反意疑问句）
The Chinese rarely have hamburgers for meals, _________ _________
【答案】 ①. do ②. they
34. The manager said sorry to the customers for the quality of the products. (保持句意不变）
The manager ________ ________ the customers for the quality of the products.
【答案】 ①. apologized ②. to
35. They visited Disneyland Park last weekend. (对划线部分提问）
________ ________ they visit last weekend
【答案】 ①. What ②. did
36. The students should sweep the floor every day. (改为被动语态）
The floor should _________ _________ by the students every day.
【答案】 ①. be ②. swept
37. The situation is so serious that we must do something to save the Earth. (保持句意不变)
The situation is _________ _________ for us to do something to save the Earth.
【答案】 ①. serious ②. enough
38. our parents, help, every week, we, do some housework, had better(连词成句）
_______________________________.
【答案】We had better help our parents do some housework every week
Reading comprehension.
A.Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Do you dream of being a reporter or an editor Are you a good writer who loves the news If so, you may have what it takes to be a winner in the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search.
We’ re looking for 12 students from around the nation to be members of the TFK Kid Reporter Team for the 2016-2017 school year.
Next year’s team will continue the tradition of reporting local and regional news stories for TIME FOR KIDS magazine and .
Professional journalists from TIME FOR KIDS will select this team. In the past few years, TFK kid Reporters have:
·Interviewed national leaders, celebrities, and other news-makers.
·Written news stories, reviews and opinion pieces for TIME FOR KIDS.
·Learned about the news business from award-winning journalists who work at TIME.
·Appeared on television to talk about their work.
·Appeared on television to give talks.
How to Enter
To apply (申请), visit www. /2016kr and complete the required fields and the official entry form. Be sure to read the official rules and share them with your parent or guardian, who must sign your entry form and submit (提交) it electronically. Entries must be submitted by June 17, 2016. You must be 14 years of age or younger on September 1, 2016.
Contest opens:
10: 00 A. M. EST on March 14, 2016
Contest deadline:
12: 00 P. M. EST on June 17, 2016
39. What is “the TFK Kid Reporter Talent Search” in the first paragraph
A. A story. B. A school. C. A company. D. A competition.
40. What don’t TFK KID Reporters probably do
A. Have a talk on TV. B. Teach kids how to write a report.
C. Have an interview with Obama. D. Write a news story.
41. The parents must _______.
A. fill in the entry form B. share the entry form with the guardians
C. sign the entry form D. post the letter of application with a stamp
42. On which day is it possible for kids to apply for the job
A. March 15, 2015. B. July 16, 2016.
C. May 1, 2016. D. Today.
43. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. Readers will vote to select the members of the team.
B. TFK KID Reporters may write different kinds of articles.
C. Students of any age can apply for the job.
D. Students need to pay for the chance to get the job.
44. You may find the above information in a/an ________.
A. advertisement B. novel C. poem D. textbook
【答案】39. D 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. B 44. A
D.Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题）
This week, my dog of almost 14 years died. What I lost was not just a pet dog. She was so much more than that. I don’t even remember my life without her.
My dog only cost $40. She was among hundreds of dogs at Philadelphia’s Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) . PAWS is the largest animal shelter in my city. It is also a “no-kill” shelter. Many other shelters, however, are unable to be “no-kill”because of the large number of animals they have. Nearly sixty percent of dogs that enter these shelters end up being euthanized (meaning “killed in a peaceful way”)
This number could be lowered if more people decided to adopt an animal rather than purchasing one. When you adopt a pet from a shelter, you are not only giving your chosen animal a loving home. You are also saving the lives of many others as you help to free up space for them.
Adopting an animal is much cheaper than buying one. Since the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, many people have had lower incomes than usual. More people have turned to adopting dogs. The idea behind the adoption of a dog is good. However, some animal shelters are worried that after the pandemic is over, some of these new pet owners might become, busy again and no longer have time to care for their animals. These animals might end up back on the street and in the end being put down. So before you take in an animal, think about why you want to do so. Do you truly love it, or do you just want to save money
I like to think back to when I adopted my dog almost 14 years ago. I’m proud that I gave her the life she deserved. Pets can make wonderful additions to our lives. However, almost any pet, including those without a large price tag, can do this. We should never allow man’s best friend to be let down by a system that kills because there is no room.
58. The dog was just a pet to the writer, wasn’t she
______________________________
59. Where did the writer get the pet dog
______________________________
60. What caused many people to turn to adopting dogs
______________________________
61. According to the writer, what might happen to the newly adopted pets after the pandemic
______________________________
62. What does on the streetson the streets “this” in the last paragraph mean
______________________________
63. Do you agree with the writer that adopting is better than purchasing Why (15-20 words)
______________________________
【答案】58. No, she didn’t. 59. At PAWS. 60. People’s lower incomes.
61. Some owners might become busy again and the dogs might end up back on the street.
62. Making wonderful additions to our lives.
63. No, I don’t agree. People will value the animals more when they buy them.
Writing(写作）：（20%)
64. Write at least 60 words on the topic “Some advice for the younger students at my junior middle school”. (以“给我初中母校的学弟学妹们的一些忠告”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)（20 words)
（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分）
Suggested points: (下列问题供参考）
1. Now that you’re going to graduate, what do you think of your junior middle school life
2. What advice do you have for the younger students (Give at least 2 pieces)
Add supportive details to each piece of the advice.
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