资源简介 中考英语语法复习动词语态知识讲解练习一、定义* 语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系。* 英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。* 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;* 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。二、被动语态的构成1.一般现在时: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词Eg: The room is cleaned every day.房间每天被打扫。2.一般过去时: 主语 + was/were + 动词过去分词Eg: The room was cleaned yesterday.昨天房子被打扫。3.一般将来时: 主语 + will be + 动词过去分词Eg: The room will be cleaned tomorrow.明天房子被打扫。4.现在进行时: 主语 + am/is/are + being + 动词过去分词Eg: The room is being cleaned now.房子现在被打扫。5.过去进行时: 主语 + was/were being + 动词过去分词Eg: The room was being cleaned when I came in.当我进来的时候房子正在被打扫。6.现在完成时: 主语 + have/has been + 动词过去分词Eg: The room has already been cleaneD.房子已经被打扫完了。三、主动语态和被动语态的转换* 大多数“主语--谓语--宾语”的主动句都可以转换为被动句,方法如下:主动语态: They planted a tree.主语 谓语 宾语被动语态: A tree was planted (by them).* 注意:1.当主动语态变为被动语态时,如果需要强调施动者,便可将原句的主语(即施动者)置于by短语中表示出来。Eg:They invited me to the party.-- I was invited to the party by them.他们邀请我去派对。2.当主动句是“主语--谓语--宾语--宾语”结构时,有两种变化方式:Eg: My father gave me a book.-- I was gave a book by my father.A book was gave me by my father.我爸爸给我一本书。四、不能用被动语态的几种形式1.open, write, read, sell, wash等词作为不及物动词时,它们的主动形式表示被动之意。Eg: This kind of book sells well.(这种书卖得很好。)2.当主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时,不能用被动语态。Eg: The boy can teach himself.(这个小男孩能自学。)3.当主动句的谓语动词表示一种状态或是不及物动词时,不用被动语态。Eg: The coat fits her very well.(这件衣服很合她的身。)The accident happened last night.(这个事故发生在昨晚。)五、练习( )1.The new movie ______ by Jacky Chen a few months ago.A.is directedB.was directedC.directedD.directs( )2.I have a new bike.It ______ to me as a birthday gift my father.A.givesB.gaveC.was givingD.was given( )3.A new bridge _______ in two years.A.will buildB.will be builtC.is builtD.is building( )4.When he went abroad, he found that many products in local shops _____ in China.A.makeB.makesC.madeD.were made( )5.Lei Feng _____ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us.A.diedB.has diedC.was deadD.has been dead( )6.If I ______, I will try my best to go there.A.will be invitedB.is invitedC.invitesD.invited( )7.Many houses ______ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.A.damagedB.were damagedC.were damagingD.are damaged( )8.The boy ________ to play computer games before he goes to beD.A.isn’t allowedB.aren’t allowedC.doesn’t allowD.wasn’t allowed( )9.The office is so dirty, it ________ tomorrow.A.will cleanB.will be cleanedC.are cleaningD.are cleaned( )10.Some people think trees _____ on Tree Planting Day only.A.should be plantedB.should plantC.should be plantD.should be planting( )11.The plants ______ every three days, or they will fail to grow.A.must waterB.may waterC.must be wateredD.may be watered( )12.I don’t know how long the book may ______.A.keepB.be borrowedC.borrowD.be kept( )13.People who _____ to the party are very exciteD.A.have invitedB.has been invitedC.will inviteD.have been invited( )14.-- _____ free breakfasts _____ in all schools in China -- No, not yet.Only in the rural areas.A.Are; madeB.Do; serveC.Are; servedD.Do; make( )15.These books are so popular.They _____ by many children.A.is readB.was readC.are readD.were read( )16.I am so sad, the mascot(吉祥物)--Bing Dundun ________ out.A.sellsB.has been soldC.is soldD.will be sold( )17.The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it ______.A.inventsB.inventedC.is inventedD.was invented( )18.Don’t take the magazine away.It _____ me.A.is belonged toB.belongs toC.was belonged toD.is belonging to( )19.The children without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this school.A.is takenB.are takenC.takeD.takes( )20.In the old days, they _____ in the factory from morning to evening.A.were made to workB.asked to workC.made to workD.were asked for work( )21.When all these bridges ______, travelling will be easier.A.will be builtB.are builtC.will buildD.build( )22.The 29the Olympic Games _____ in August 2008 in China.A.is heldB.was heldC.will holdD.will be held( )23.Hot water ______ in the students’ flats from 5pm to 7pm now.A.suppliesB.is suppliedC.suppliedD.was supplied( )24.You can’t move in right now.The house _____.A.has paintedB.is paintedC.is being paintedD.is painting( )25.Many trees _____ in the desert to keep the sand from moving every year.A.is plantedB.was plantedC.are plantedD.were planted( )26.It _____ to drive after drinking wine.A.is allowedB.is not allowedC.is madeD.is welcomed( )27.My cup _____ last night.So I have to buy another.A.brokeB.are brokenC.were brokenD.break( )28.With the development of technology, more useful machines ______ one day.A.inventB.are inventedC.will inventD.will be invented( )29.You can play as soon as your homework ______.A.finishesB.will be finishedC.has finishedD.is finished( )30.No matter how many difficulties we meet, I believe all the problems ____ in the enD.A.can solveB.can be solvedC.need solveD.need be solved( )31.This desk ______ wooD.A.is made inB.is made byC.is made ofD.is made from( )32.The task _____ earlier if more people are sent here.A.has completedB.is completedC.was completedD.will be completed( )33.This kind of pen _____, and is also very cheap.I think you can buy some.A.writes wellB.writes goodC.is written wellD.is written good( )34.This photo _______ when I visited Beijing.A.is takenB.takesC.was takenD.took( )35.Earth Day ______ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A.sets upB.set upC.is set upD.was set up( )36.Many students ______ chances to show themselves in class.A.don’t giveB.aren’t givenC.haven’t givenD.won’t give( )37.The pet dog is warm and loving.It _____ as a daughter of my family.A.treatsB.treatedC.is treatedD.was treated( )38.My bike is broken.It needs ________ .A.to repairB.repairingC.repairedD.not to repair( )39.The door ______, you can touch it.A.has been paintedB.will be paintedC.was paintedD.is painted( )40.My advice on how to save paper _____ by my class last Monday.A.acceptsB.acceptedC.was acceptedD.is accepted41.English _________ (speak) by many people in the worlD.42.You mustn’t touch the machines unless you __________ (allow) to.43.Usually, books for children ___________ (write) in simple languages.44.The old should ______________ (look) after by us.45.The exam ____________ (have) next week.46.These flowers need _________ (water) every week.47.The Olympic Games in Beijing _________________ (consider) as the best one.48.My homework ____________ (do) for two hours.49.Everybody _________ (move) deeply after they heard the story.50.If the dishes ________ (wash), you can have on hamburger.【答案】1 -- 5 BDBDD 6 -- 10 BBABA11-- 15 CDDCC 16 -- 20 BDBBA21-- 25 BBBCC 26 -- 30 BCDDB31-- 35 CDACD 36 -- 40 BCBAC41.is spoken 42.are allowed43.are written 44.be looked45.will be had 46.watering/ to be watered47.is considered 48.has been done49.was moved 50.are washed 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览