资源简介

现在完成时（Present perfect）
一 现在完成时定义：
(1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响/结果。
例如：
I have read the book. （影响可能是我能把书借给你。）
I haven't finished my homework.（影响可能是我不能出去玩。）
I have just visited the museum.（影响可能是我不去了。）
过去发生的动作或者存在的状态持续到现在。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
例如：
I lived in Canada in 2023. (过去住在加拿大，现在可能不住了。)
I have lived in Canada for 10 years. (现在还住在加拿大。)
I was a teacher at that time.(过去是一个老师，现在可能不是了。)
I have been a twacher for 9 years.(现在还是老师。)
（★Tips: 现在完成时与一般过去时都表示在过去发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果、影响等。而一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。所以，表示过去固定时间的状语只能与一般过去时连用，而不能与现在完成时连用。）
(3) 现在完成时还可以表示一个动作到现在为止发生过多少次。
常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
例如：
I have already read this book three times. 这本书我已经看过三次了。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
★对多少次提问要用：How many times
二 现在完成时标志词：
for+时间段；
since+时间点 / 时间段ago / 从句(过去时)；
2. already（肯定句）, yet（否定句，疑问句）；
ever（疑问句或者含有最高级、序数词的定语从句）；
before, just ,recently, lately；
3. never, once, twice, three/four times...；
4. in recent years, in the past few years, in the last five months；
5. up to now,ever since, since then, so far（到目前为止）；
6. these days/years.
三 现在完成时公式：
主语 + have / has + Ved + 其他（have\has为助动词，有人称变化）
四 现在完成时句式：
肯定句: 主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其他
否定句: 主语 +have / has + not + 过去分词 + 其他
一般疑问句:
--Have / Has + 主语 + V-过去分词 + 其他？
- Yes, 主+ have / has. （肯定回答）
--No, 主+ haven’t / hasn’t.（否定回答）
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句(have / has……)
练习：
1. Hurry up! Mr. Brown ___________ for us in the meeting room at the moment.
A. is waiting B. will wait C. waited
2. Hurry up! Mr. Brown ___________ for us in the meeting room for two hours.
A. is waiting B. will wait C. has waited
3.—Mum, it's late. Why are you still here
—Dad hasn't come back yet. I for him.
am waiting B. was waiting C. waited
4.—Did you see anything in the sky when you went out of the room
—Yes.Something like UFO from south to north.
will fly B. has flown C. was flying
1-4 ACAC
五 现在完成时易混考点
have been to （去过...回来了 在现场）
have gone to （去过...还没回来了 不在现场）
have been in （（待、住）在某地，来某地多久）
练习：
1.—Hello! Could I speak to Jerry
—Sorry, she isn’t in. She_____ Hangzhou on business for two days.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in
2.—Jack, I haven’t seen your brother for a long time.
—He _____ Shanghai on business for two months.
went to B. has gone to C. has been in
3.— Where is your father, Li Xiang
— He _______ Beijing on business. He will be back in two days.
A. has been to B. have gone to C. has gone to
4.—Hello! May I speak to John
—Sorry. He isn’t here right now. He _____ to Shanghai on business.
A. was going B. has been C. has gone
5.—Liu Ming, is that our headmaster Miss Chen over there
—It can’t be her. She _______Xiamen for a meeting.
has been to B. has gone to C. has been away
6.—Li Ming, have you______to the Great Wall
—Yes, I ______there with my parents last year.
A. been, went B. been, gone C. gone, went
Mr. Li likes Hong Kong very much. He ______ there three times.
A. has gone B. went C. has been
8.—Have you ______ abroad
—Yes, I visited Paris last year.
gone. B. been. C. been to.
9.—Is James at home
—No, he_____Ya'an to be a volunteer.
has gone to B. has been to C. is going to
10.—Have you ever _____ Mudanjiang to see the Jingbo Lake
—Yes, I have.
A. been in B. gone to C. been to
11.—Where were you just now I looked for you everywhere.
—Sorry. I ________ to the library to borrow some books.
A. have gone B. will go C. have been
12.—Hi, Sara.I haven't seen you for a long time.
—I________ Paris on business.
have gone to B. have been to C.will go to
1-5 CCCCB
6-10 ACBAC
11-12 CB
for +时间段； since+时间点 / 时间段ago / 从句(过去时)
1.—Mr. Lee has worked here _____ 2001.
—So he has worked here _____ about 7 years.
A. since, for B. for, since C. for, for
2.—Mrs. Green, how long have you lived in Beijing
—Let me see. I lived here _____ about 10 years.
A. since B. for C. in
3. The city has improved a lot _______ I came here a few years ago.
A.for B.since C.when
4. Mr. Zhao has taught in our school ________ 3 years ago.
A. since B. for C. /
1-4 ABBA
already放在肯定句中; yet 放在否定句，疑问句中。
1.— Have you _____ had dumplings
— No, not _____.
A. ever; yet B. ever; ever C. yet; yet
2.You haven’t improved your written English ______.
A. already B. just C. yet
3.—Have you returned the library book_______
—Yes, I’ve _____ returned it.
already; already B. yet; yet C. yet; already
1-3 ACC
ever 放在一般疑问句，或者含有最高级或者序数词的定语从句中
1.—Have you _____ seen the new film Earth 2012
—Yes. I really enjoy it.
A.Yet B. ever C. never
2.—It’s the most special gift I_____ever______. Thank you.
—You’re welcome. I’m glad you like it.
A. have; got B. will; buy C. am; looking
3.This is the most wonderful movie I have________visited.
A. ever B. never C. still
1-3 BAA
for, since, how long，搭配延续性动词
1.—How long have you this book —For three days.
A. lent B. kept C. bought
2.—How beautiful your cellphone is!
—Thank you! I______it for two weeks.
A. have bought　 B. bought C. have had
3.—How long has Jane’s grandmother
—Since two months ago.
A. left china B. been dead C. bought the car.
4. Hurry up, Mike. The movie for five minutes.
A. began B. has begun C. has been on
5.—Do you know how long ____ the shop ____
—For two years, I think.
A. does; open B. was; opened C. has; been open
1-5 BCBCC

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