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8B Unit 2 Travelling Grammar 教学设计
Teaching aims and learning objectives：
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to,
1. know the usages of have/has been and have/has gone;
2. distinguish for and since and know how to use them properly in the present perfect tense;
3. use short action verbs to express a continuous state in the present perfect tense.
Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty：
1. The difference between have/has been and have/has gone, for and since;
2. Verbs used for a continuous state.
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Leading in (2mins)
Have a free talk
T: I am interested in travelling. Last winter, I went to many interesting places. Look at these photos, do you know them
Ss: Yes, they are about Guilin.
T：Because I went there last winter holiday, so I can say I have been to Guilin.
Ss: ...
（Purpose: Have a free talk to rouse students’ interest and have a brief review.）
Step 2 Presentation (8mins)
A Using have/has been and have/has gone
Create situation
Ask a student to go to the reading room, and then ask the other students some questions.
T: Tom, could you please help me go to the reading room to borrow a book (He went to the reading room.)
T: Is Tom in classroom now
Ss: No, he isn’t.
T: Yes. He is on the way to the reading room, or maybe he is in the reading room now and he will come back soon after. So where has he gone
Ss: He has gone to the reading room.
T: Good job. Do you know the differences between “have/has been to” and “have/has gone to”
Task: Work out the rules
T: When we want to express someone has been to some place, or he has visited a place sometime in his life, we can use“has been to” to describe an experience. But, if we use “have/has gone to” , we must remember that someone went to a place but hasn’t yet returned. Besides, we can also use “have / has been in” to express that someone was in a place for some time but now still stays there. For example: Tom has been in the reading room for five minutes.
(Purpose: Creating a situation to help students understand and master the usage and differences between have/has been and have/has gone.)
Step3 Practice (5mins)
Task: self-study
（1）Activity1 Ask students finish the exercise A1 Page26. Then check the answer and read the sentences together.
（2）Activity2 Complete Part A2 Page27and check together. Finished that, invite the students to read and act out in front of class.
（3）Activity3 Fill in the blanks with have/has gone to, have/has been to and have/has been in
A: Where is Betty
B: She _______________ Europe.
A: When _____ she ___ (go) there
B: She _______(go) there last Sunday. And she _____________ Europe for a week.
A: Which is her favourite city in Europe
B: The UK.
A: How many times ____ she ________ The UK
B: She __________ there twice.
(Purpose: Apply what they have learned, complete textbook exercises independently, find deficiencies, and consolidate what they have learned.)
Step4 Presentation (10mins)
B Verbs with for and since
（1）Discuss and discover
T: I taught English here 2 years ago, so how long have I taught here
Ss: You have taught English here for 2 years./ You have taught English here since 2 years ago.
T: You began to live here 13 years ago. So how long have you lived here
Ss: We have lived here for 13 years./ We have lived here since 13 years ago.
T: Can you find out the commons of these verbs What’s the difference between the time expression after for and since We use for when we talk about a short period time but use since to talk about a time point in the past.
Task: Choose for or since to fill in the blanks
1)_____ 1998 2)_______ half an hour 3)_______ I was born
4)_____two years ago 5)_______ several months 6)_______ he left home
(Purpose: By cooperation to discover the rules and filling the blanks to help students review and master the usage of for and since.)
（2）Learn and use
T: In English, we can divide verbs into two groups, one is long action verbs like live, work, study, keep, have,be and so on. Another is short action verbs such as go, come, arrive, buy, open, close,see and so on.
T: These short action verbs can be used in the present perfect tense, but cannot be used with for or since in a positive statements. When we need to express a continuous state, we must change these short action verbs into another way like bellow.
Verb used for continuous state
begin/start have/has been on
finish/stop have/has been over
come/go/arrive have/ has been in/at
leave have/has been away
borrow have/has kept
marry have/has been married
die have /has been dead
Task: Finish the exercise on Page28. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets to fill in the blanks.
(Purpose: Help students distinguish between transient verbs and continuous verbs, and learn to convert transient verbs into corresponding continuous verbs or expressions.)
Step 5 Practice (5mins)
Task 1 : Ask the students translate Chinese into English.
1.这本词典我已经借了一个月了,明天我会还给杨老师.
I _____ _____ the dictionary ____ a month. I will return it to Miss Yang tomorrow.
2.校运会已经开始半个小时了.
The sports meeting _____ _____ _____ for half an hour.
我加入街舞社团两年了.
I _____ _____ _____ the dancing Club for two years.
Task 2 : Finish the exercise by filling the blanks.
She_________________（去）Shanghai since 1988.
They _________________ （结婚）for ten months.
My dad_________________ （加入） the Fishing Club for three years.
She _________________ （离开）China for five years.
His pet dog_________________（死） for one year.
The wonderful Hanfu show ______________（开始）for five minutes.
(Purpose: Further mastering the knowledge through translation and filling in the blanks. )
Step 6 Production (7mins)
Activity1: Group work
T: Now, you are divided into five groups. Each member makes a sentence using the grammar you have learned. Then work together in groups to make a paragraph.
Activity2: Do a survey
T: Members of the group interviewed each other, asked your team members about their winter vacation travel experience, made records and reported to the class.
(Purpose:This activity exercises students' cooperative communication and expression skills . )
Step 7 Summary (3mins)
In this lesson, we have learned to
Analyze the differences between have/has been and have/has gone.
Know the usage of for and since.
Understand how to change the short action verbs into long action verbs.
Have a deeper understanding about the present perfect tense.
Step 8 Homework
Option 1: Make a mind map to summary what we have learned today.
Option 2: Use the knowledge learned in this lesson to write a composition on the topic "My May Day Holiday".
(purpose: Choose one of the two forms of homework, the first one helps to sort out and consolidate the knowledge, the second one applies the knowledge, strengthens the thinking and exercises the language expression ability. )
Blackboard Design
Unit2 Travelling
Grammar
Teaching reflection:
This lesson focuses on the use of have/has been and have/has gone, distinguishing between for and since and transforming transient verbs into corresponding continuous verbs for use in present perfect sentences with for or since. The teaching method and practical training are mainly supplemented by multimedia equipment to help students better understand and master the grammar knowledge points in this class. The teaching effect is better by creating situations and explaining them, which is easier for students to understand and master. Disadvantages: teachers spend most of time explaining and practicing in class, and students spend less time cooperating and exploring on their own.

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