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七下 Unit 3 How do you get to school 考点
一、How 引导的特殊疑问句
How 引导的特殊疑问句，用来提问方式，表示“如何”
句型为: How do/does sb. get/go+地点 意为“某人如何到达/去某地 ”
答语: 1、take+a/the+交通工具 2、by+交通工具 3、on/in+冠词/物主代词+交通工具。
--How do you get to school 你怎样到达学校
---I take a/the bus.=I get to school by bus.=I get to school in the bus.我乘坐公共汽车。
--How does your mother go to work 你妈妈怎样去上班
---She walks to work. =She goes to work on foot. 她步行上班。
二、How long 引导的特殊疑问句
句型: How long does it take sb. to do sth. 用以询问某个动作所持续的时间
答语: It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
---How long does it take you to finish homework 完成作业花费了你多长时间
---It takes me half an hour to finish the homework. 半小时。
三、How far 引导的特殊疑问句
用来提问距离，意为“多远”
句型: How far is it from A to B 或者 How far is B from A
e. g. ---How far is it from your home to the train station ---It's 2 kilometers.
四、重点知识
Section A 知识梳理
1. How do you get to school
get to 表示“到达”, 其中get是不及物动词, 常与介词 to 连用, 当表示目的地的词是副词here, there,home等时, 则省略介词to。
They will get to Beijing at nine tonight.他们将在今晚九点到达北京。
My friends always get home at 5:00.我的朋友们总是五点到家。
2. I ride to school every day.
everyday 作形容词, 表示“每天的、 日常的”, 常用作定语;
every day表示“每天、每日”, 用作副词短语, 作状语。
Water is necessary in everyday life. 水在日常生活中是必不可少的。
The children ride to school every day. 孩子们每天骑车上学。
3. I'm not sure.
①be sure of/about sth. 对…确信 Are you sure about the news 你对这个消息有把握吗
②be sure to do sth. 确保做某事
Be sure to lock the door when you leave home. 当你离开家的时候, 一定要锁门。
③be sure that…确信… I am sure that he will come soon. 我相信他很快就会来。
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④make sure that…确保… Make sure that you can finish the job on time. 确保你能按时完成这项工作。
4. How long does it take you to get to school
①It takes (sb.)+时间+to do sth. 花费(某人) 多长时间做某事
It takes him two hours to walk there. 他走到那里要花两个小时。
②sth. takes(sb.)+时间 某事花费(某人) 多长时间
The work takes them a long time. 这项工作花了他们很长时间。
“四花费”spend, pay, take 和 cost
spend 主语是人 spend... on sth./spend...(in) doing sth.
pay 主语是人 pay for sth./pay sb. for sth.
take 主语是人 It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost 主语是物 sth. costs sb.+金钱
5. …lives about five kilometers from school.(P. 15)
live 此处用作不及物动词，意为“居住、生活”，后跟名词作宾语时，要加上介词in。
I like to live in the country.
6. 数词 hundred 百、thousand千、million 万和 billion 亿和模糊数字连用“有s有 of”;和具体数字连用“无s无 of”。
There are hundreds of people in our countryside.我们村里有数百人。
Our school has nine hundred students.我们学校有九百学生。
Section B 知识梳理
1. Mary wants to know what he thinks of the trip.
think of意为“认为、想起”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语，在表示“认为……怎么样 ”时，可与 think about 互换。What do you think of... =How do you like... 你认为...怎么样
---What do you think of/about the school trip --It's great.
What do you think of action movies =How do you like action movies 你觉得动作片怎么样
2. Crossing the River to School
cross 此处用作动词, 意为“越过、 横穿”, =go/walk across, across用作介词。
The little boy can't cross the road by himself. 这个小男孩不能自己过马路。
3. For many students, it is easy to get to school.
“It+be+形容词+to do”意为“做某事是……”，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
It's boring to read such books. 读这样的书真无聊。
It's important to go to bed early and get up early. 早睡早起是很重要的。
“It is+形容词/名词短语+to do”结构中，可在不定式前面加上一个 for或者 of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的形容词时，用介词of，其余情况用介词for。
It is kind of you to help me a lot.
It is difficult for us to solve the problem.
4. There is a very big river between their school and the village.
between 表示“两者之间”, among用作介词, 表示“三者或者以上之间”。
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The teacher is popular among the students. 这位老师在学生中很受欢迎。
Is there any difference between the two books 这两本书有什么不同吗
5. There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats.
no此处用作形容词来修饰名词，意为“没有”，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，
修饰单数名词时，相当于 not a/an，修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词时，相当于 not any。
I have no book=I don't have a book. 我一本书都没有。
I have no brothers.=I don't have any brothers. 我没有兄弟。
6. One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day.
11-year-old是一个合成形容词，意为“11岁的”。这种合成形容词通常在句中作前置定语，修饰后面的名词。其结构形式有两种：
① 数词+名词 100-metre race five-hour sleep three-year time
②数词+名词+形容词 a five-year-old boy an 800-metre-long bridge
7. But he is not afraid because he loves school.
①be afraid to do sth.“胆小不敢做某事”
The girl is afraid to go out at night. 这个女孩晚上不敢出门。
②be afraid of sth/doing sth. 害怕
Most of people are afraid of snakes. 大多数人都怕蛇。
He is afraid of walking home at night.他害怕晚上走路回家。
8. Many of the students and villagers never leave the village.
leave +地点 离开某地 Mary wants to leave Beijing. 玛丽想离开北京。
leave for 动身去某地 You need to leave for Beijing. 你得去北京。
leave A for B 离开 A 前往 B
9. Can their dream come true
come true 意为“实现、成为现实”
Your dream doesn't always come true. 你的梦想并不总能实现。
Study hard, and your dream will come true. 努力学习, 你的梦想就会实现。
10. They have to cross a very big river between their school and the village.
have to意为“不得不”，表示因外界的强制作用而不得不做某事，强调被迫性，后接动词原形。
have to 表示“必须、不得不”，强调客观上的必须，must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须。
We have to finish the work before supper. 我们必须在晚饭前完成这项工作。
We have to walk home because the car has broken down. 我们必须步行回家, 因为汽车坏了。
We must study hard. 我们必须努力学习
区别: must无人称和数的变化; have to 有单三形式:has to。must的否定形式为 mustn't, 表示“禁止”;而 have to 的否定形式为don't/doesn't have to, 表示“没有必要”。
11. Thanks for your last e-mail.
Thanks for...意为“感谢...”，后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语，表示感谢的原因。
Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助 Thanks for inviting me. 谢谢你邀请我
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三、重点短语
1. ride a bike =by bike=on a bike 骑自行车
2. take a subway =by subway=on a subway乘地铁
3. take a train = by train=on a train 坐火车
4. take a plane=by plane=on a plane 坐飞机
5. take a bus= by bus=on a bus 坐公交车
6. take a car=by car=in a car 坐轿车
7. take a boat=by boat=in a boat 坐船
8. walk = on foot走路
9. hundreds of taxis 几百辆出租车
10. be far from 离…远
11. every day 每天
12. how long 多长/久 how far 多远
14. walk to school=go to school on foot步行上学
15. get to=arrive at/in 到达
16. bus stop=bus station公交站
17. stop to do sth.停止去做某事
18. stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情
19. think of 认为
20. What do you think of... =how do you like... 你认为…怎么样
21. village 村庄 villager 村民
22. for the students 对学生来说
23. between…and...在...和...之间
24. go on a ropeway 坐索道
25. cross the river to school 过河上学
26. one 11-year-old boy 一个十一岁的男孩
27. school days学校日
28. be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事
29. be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事
30. be like…to sb.对某人来说像…
31. many of the students 许多学生
32. leave for前往
33. leave the village 离开村庄
e true 实现
35. love to play with 爱与…玩耍
36. thanks for ...为...而感谢
37. the bus ride公交车程
38. have to 不得不
39. It's adj. for sb. to do sth.
做某事对某人来说怎么样
四、重点句子
Section A
1. 我不敢确信。 I'm not sure.
2. 从你家到学校有多远 How far is it from your home to school
3. 只有约2公里。 It's only about two kilometers.
4. 你到学校要花多长时间 How long does it take you to get to school
5. 大约要花 15分钟。 It takes about 15 minutes.
6. 做某事花某人多少时间。It takes sb. 时间 to do sth.
7. 简是步行去上学吗 Does Jane walk to school
8. 他们是乘公共汽车上学的吗 Do they take the bus to school
9. 祝你今天在学校过得愉快。Have a good day at school.
Section B
10. 你是步行还是骑自行车 Do you walk or ride a bike
11. 对许多学生来说, 到达学校很容易。For many students, it is easy to get to school.
12. 没有桥,而且河水湍急,不宜小船摆渡。There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats.
13. 学生乘索道过河去上学So these students go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
14. 亮亮, 一个11岁的男孩, 每天上学都会过河。 One 11-year-old boy, Liangliang, crosses the river every school day.
15. 他对我来说像一个父亲。He is like a father to me.
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