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七下 Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.考点
一、祈使句
1.定义:
用于表达请求、命令、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句因对象(主语)是第二人称，所以通常省略主语you 而以动词原形开头，句末用句号或感叹号。为表示礼貌，可在句首或句末加上 please。当please 在句末时, 其前通常加逗号。
Bring some salad to me, please.请给我带些沙拉来。(表请求)
Go out! 出去! (表命令) Please don't run in the hallways.请不要在走廊里跑。 (表劝告)
Be careful! 小心! (表警告) No eating!禁止吃东西! (表禁止)
2.句式结构
Do型 肯定句： 动词原形(+其他) Go and brush your teeth! 去刷牙!
否定句: Don't+动词原形 (+其他) Don't run here. 不要在这儿跑。
Be 型 肯定句: Be+表语(+其他) Be happy, Jenny. 珍妮, 高兴点。
否定句: Don't be+表语(+其他) Don't be noisy. 不要吵闹。
Let 型 肯定句： Let+宾语+动词原形(+其他) Let me help you. 让我帮你吧。
否定句: ①Don't let+宾语+动词原形 (+其他) .Don't let him leave. ②Let+宾语+not+动词原形 (+其他) Let him not leave. 别让他离开
No 型 No+动词-ing 形式/名词! No swimming!禁止游泳! No photos! 禁止拍照!
3.祈使句的反意疑问句
(1) Let's 表示第一人称的祈使句, 反意疑问部分为“shall we”。
(2) Let me 和 Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句, 反意疑问部分为“will you”。
二、情态动词must 和 have to 用法
1、must 的用法
(1) 意为“必须”, 表示主观的情态动词can, must, have to的义务或必要,无人称、数和时态的变化。以must 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用 needn't或 don't/doesn't haveto, 意为“不必”; must 的否定形式是 mustn't, 意为“不允许; 禁止”。
I must do my homework. 我必须做作业。
You mustn't fight. 你们不准打架。 You mustn't be late for school. 你禁止上学迟到。
—Must I finish the work this Friday 我必须在本周五完成工作吗
——No, you needn't. You can finish it next Monday. 不, 你不必。 你可以在下周一完成。
——Must I be home before 8 o’clock —Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to.
(2)意为“一定；准是”，表示肯定推测，常用于肯定句中。
This story must be funny. 这个故事一定很有趣。
2、have to 的用法
(1)have to 意为“必须；不得不”，后接动词原形，表示客观需要做的事情。
I have to go there by train. 我不得不乘火车去那里。
(2) have to 有人称、数和时态的变化, 其第三人称单数形式为 has to。
Cindy has to make the bed every day. 辛迪每天必须铺床。
(3) 含有 have to 或 has to 的句子需分别借助助动词 do 或does 构成疑问句或否定句。
Does she have to get up early 她必须早起吗
You don't have to arrive there at eight. 你不必8点到那儿。
3、区别：must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而 have to 则表示的是客观需要。must一般与再测
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在时, have to有更多的形式。
I must go now.(主观看法) My mother is ill, so I have to go now.(客观需要)
三、重点知识
Section A 知识梳理是旺旺碎冰冰的强项
1. Don't arrive late for class.
arrive late for =be late for 迟到
“三到达”：reach是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。
get 和 arrive 是不及物动词, get to+地点; arrive in/at+地点。
After a long way, they reached/got to/arrived at the top of the mountain finally.
走了很长一段路后，他们终于到达了山顶。
2. You must be on time.
on time 固定短语, “准时、 按时”, in time 表示“及时”。
The train arrives on time. 火车准时到达。
Thank you for helping me in time.谢谢你及时帮助我。
3. Don't listen to music in class.
①listen用作不及物动词，表示听的动作，后接宾语时，需要加上介词to
This girl likes to listen to music. 这个女孩喜欢听音乐。
hear强调听的结果, 表示“听到”。Can you hear anything 你能听到什么吗
② i n class 在课上, 上课时 We can't eat or talk in class.
in the class 在班上, 在教室 I am new in the class.
4. listen to music outside (P. 20)
outside 表示“在外边”, 反义词为 inside“在...里面”。
Don't stay inside all the time.不要总是呆在家里 Let's go outside to play together.让我们一起出去玩吧。
5. wear the school uniform
wear此处用作及物动词，意为“穿、戴”，表示穿着的状态， 宾语可以是衣帽或者饰品。
She likes wearing a red coat. The young lady wears a pair of glasses. 那位年轻女士戴着一副眼镜。
区别: wear, put on 和 dress
wear 穿着 侧重于穿戴的状态 The girl wears a red coat today.
put on 穿上 侧重于穿戴的动作 Put on your coat. It is cold outside.
dress 给…穿 指给自己或者他人穿衣服 The boy is too young to dress himself.
6. important adj.重要的
It's important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说是重要的。
Friends are very important in our life. 朋友在我们的生活中非常重要。
It's important for us to keep healthy eating habits. 对我们来说, 保持健康的饮食习惯很重要。
importance 名词 重要性; 重要
We must know the importance of exercise. 我们必须知道锻炼的重要性。
7. Can we bring music players to school
bring“带来”, 从别的地方带到说话的地方, 常与副词here 连用; bring sth./sb. to...
take“带走”,从说话的地方带去别的地方, 常与副词 there 连用; take sth. to…
get“去取”, 从说话人去别处取了再回来 Can you get some water for me 你能为我拿些水来吗
carry“搬、抬”, 没有方向性。
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Section B 知识梳理
1. practice the guitar
practice用作及物动词，表示“练习、训练”， 后接名词或者动名词作宾语。
The girl is practicing playing the piano in the room. 这个女孩正在房间里练习弹钢琴。
2. help his mom make breakfast
①help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 Can you help me with my homework
②help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 He often helps his mother do housework.
③w ith the help of 在…的帮助下 With the help of the doctor, the man gets better.
3. There are too many rules!
too many 意为“太多”，用作形容词时，后接可数名词复数。
There are too many students in our school.
区别: too much, much too 和 too many
too much 太多 用作形容词， 修饰不可数名词 I have too much homework to do.
用作副词， 修饰动词 Don't eat too much.
much too 太 用作副词， 修饰形容词和副词 The picture is much too beautiful.
too many 太多的 用作形容词， 修饰可数名词复数 The little boy has too many questions to ask.
4. After dinner, I can't relax either.
also, too, as well 与 either 都可以表示“也”, 用法不同。
also 行为动词前， be、助和情之后。 He also wants to go.
too 肯定句尾， 前面用逗号隔开。 He wants to go, either.
as well 肯定句尾， 前面不用逗号隔开。 He wants to go as well.
either 用于否定句句末。 He doesn't want to go either
5. Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us.
(1) sometimes 是频度副词, 意为“有时”, 相当于 at times。
I sometimes play computer games on weekends.
辨析: sometimes, some times, sometime 与 some time
sometimes 有时 Sometimes he had lunch at school.
some times 几次、几倍 I've been to the museum some times.
sometime 某时 I will visit Daming sometime this summer vacation.
some time 一段时间 She has lived here for some time.
(2) strict用作形容词, “严格的”,
be strict with sb.“对某人严格要求” She is strict with her son. 她对儿子很严格。
be strict in doing sth.“对做某事要求严格”
(3) remember的用法
①remember to do sth.“记得要去做某事”, 还没有发生。
Remember to close the door when you leave. 离开的时候记得关门。
②remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”, 已经发生。
I remembered meeting him before. 我记得以前见过他。
7. …I have to/must keep my hair short.
①keep sth. 保留某物 You can keep the book until the next weekend.这本书你可以借到下个周末。
②keep doing sth. 一直做某事 I keep doing homework,. 我一直坚持做作业
③keep+adj. 保持... Keeping happy is good for our health. 保持快乐对我们的健康有好处。
④keep sb./sth.+adj./介词短语 保持某人/某物……
We should keep the window open while we are asleep. 我们睡觉的时候应该开着窗户
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⑤keep sb. doing sth. 保持某人做某事
His mother keeps him doing homework. 他妈妈让他一直做作业
8. I never have fun.(P. 24)
have fun 意为“玩得开心”, =have a good/great time 或者 enjoy oneself。
have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”。We have fun learning English.
四、重点短语
1. school rules校规 21. after school/class 放学/下课后
2. family rules 家规 22. every morning 每天早晨
3. fight with sb.与某人打架 23. on school nights 在上学日晚上
4. in the hallways 在走廊里 24. after dinner晚餐后
5. in the dining hall在餐厅 25. after that 在那之后
6. be late for class 上课迟到 26. too many rules有太多规则
7. be on time准时 27. too much homework 有太多作业
8. listen to me/teacher 听我/老师讲 28. make one's bed 整理床铺
9. arrive in China 到达中国 29. run to school跑步到学校
10. wear the school uniform 穿校服 30. terrible rules讨厌的规则
11. an important rule一个重要的规则 31. think about思考
12. bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人 32. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
13. keep quiet=be quiet 保持安静 33. be strict in sth.对某事要求严格
14. see/visit friends 看望朋友 34. follow/keep the rules 遵守规则
15. do the dishes洗餐具 35. break the rules 违反规则
16. do homework 做家作 36. Good luck! 祝好运
17. practice playing the guitar练习弹吉他 37. keep one's hair short留短发
18. help sb.(to) do sth.帮某人做某事 38. learn to do sth.学习做某事
19. clean the room 打扫房间 39. we have more rules.我们有更多规则。
20. before breakfast/lunch/dinner 早/午/晚餐前 40 don't eat in class.不准在课上吃东西。
五、重点句子
Section A
1. 上课不要迟到。 Don't arrive late for class.
2. 你必须准时。You must be on time.
3. 我们能把音乐播放器带到学校吗 Can we bring music players to school
4. 不要在课堂上听音乐。 Don't listen to music in class.
5. 我们还必须在图书馆里保持安静。We also have to be quiet in the library.
Section B
6. 有太多的规则 There are too many rules!
7. 别把脏碗留在厨房里。 Don't leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
8. 晚饭后我也不能放松。 After dinner,I can't relax either.
9. 我能看电视前我必须看书。I must read a book before I can watch TV.
10. 我理解你的感受。I know how you feel.
11. 有许多你能做的事情。There are a lot of things you can do.
12.父母和学校有时很严格，但记住，他们制定规则是为了帮助我们。
Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us.
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