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Unit 9 Grammar
一、定语从句（Attributive Clause）
1. What is an attributive clause
在复合句中修饰某一名词、代词，起定语的作用的句子。
Attribute 定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词表示的）汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
a pretty girl a book on the desk a living elephant
The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
2. How is it formed
The boy is my younger brother. He is in the bedroom.
The boy who/that is in the bedroom is my younger brother.
在卧室的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
被修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句常跟在先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。
The man who wears the suit is my dad.
3.引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when，why。
引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句；(2)在从句中作一成份；(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置；
The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词)
4.关系代词引导的定语从句
(1)who指人，在从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
The man (who is) standing behind the counter served me. ( who在句子中做主语)
若描述的人或物是现在正在进行的,可省略关系代词与be动词，单用一个现在分词表示。
He is the man（who）I served yesterday. ( who 在句子中做宾语)
(2)whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
She is the woman（whom）I served yesterday.
(3) which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
This is the book (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
(4)that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning (在句子中做宾语)
(5) whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book whose color is yellow
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow
【小试牛刀】
一、用适当的关系代词填空
1.The man ____ came this morning had a funny face.
2.I don’t like the house______ he lives in.
3.This is the bridge _____ he built last year.
4.I don’t know the man ___________she is talking to.
5.Did you buy the car ______ he likes very much
6.The boy __________ she is looking after is her brother.
7.Do you know the cinema _____ near the bus-stop
8.The nurse ___________we are talking about speaks English well.
9.The book ______ you want to buy is not very good.
10.The doctor __________ she called yesterday is my father.
二、看图翻译句子
三、单选
1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
2. What’s the name of the program（节目）________.
A. which are listening B. you are listening to
C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening
3. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
A. whom B. whose C. that D. which
4. This is the museum______ we visited last year.
A. where B. in which C. which D. in that
5. Do you know the student_____
A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk
C. I often talk with D. that I often talk
6. I like the house_____ windows face south.
A. whose B. who’s C. it's D. its
7. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____
A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it
8. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.
A. who B. to whom C. whom D. which

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