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专题 03 可数和不可数名词
知识点讲解
可数名词（有单、复数之分，表一个或多个）
单数n.表泛指，在前面加a/an
当紧接的单词的第一发音为元音音素时，其前用an；反之，则用a
e.g. an ugly man, a useful book
复数形式加-s/-es e.g. books, pens
可数n.复数的变化形式
（1）规则变化
1). 一般情况下，在词尾直接加-s e.g. book→ books, tree→ trees
2). 以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的n.，在词尾加-es
e.g. glass→ glasses, box→ boxes, watch→ watches, brush→ brushes
(注意：stomach→ stomachs)
3). 部分以-f，-fe结尾的n.，把-f，-fe改为v，再加-es
e.g. self→ selves, knife→ knives, leaf→ leaves, life→ lives
4). 以辅音字母加y结尾的n.，改y为i再加-es
e.g. baby→ babies, story→ stories, country→ countries,
(注意：以元音字母加-y结尾的单词，在-y后面直接加-s e.g. boy→ boys, day→ days)
5). 部分以辅音字母加o结尾的n.，词尾加-es
e.g. potato→ potatoes, hero→ heroes, tomato→ tomatoes, Negro→ Negroes
(妙记口诀：Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes.)
（注意：一般指有生命的n.加-es， 无生命的n.加-s，
e.g. radio→ radios, piano→ pianos, zoo→ zoos, photo→ photos）
（2）不规则变化
1). 元音字母发生变化：改a为e；改oo为ee
e.g. man→ men, woman→ women, policeman→ policemen, foot→ feet, tooth→ teeth
(注意：Walkman→ Walkmans, human→ humans)
man, woman作定语时，若后面的n.是复数，则man, woman也要跟着变成复数
e.g. a woman teacher→ four women teachers, a man doctor→ two men doctors
其他n.作定语时，不用复数形式， e.g. a shoe shop, an apple tree；若要表示复数，则把n.词组中的最后一个n.变成复数形式， e.g. an apple tree→ two apple trees, a boy student→ two boy students
2). 单复数同形 e.g. a sheep→ five sheep, a deer→ five deer, a fish→ five fish
3). 有些n.常以复数形式出现 e.g. trousers, socks, gloves, glasses, shoes
（注意：要表达它们的量，常借助pair， e.g. a pair of trousers, two pairs of gloves）
4). 表示“某国人”（三类）
A. 单复数相同 e.g. a Japanese→ two Japanese, a Chinese→ two Chinese
B. 变man为men e.g. an Englishman→ two Englishmen, a Frenchman→ two Frenchmen
C. 词尾加-s e.g. a German→ two Germans, an American→ two Americans
（口诀：中日不变英法变，其余 -s加后面）
5). 其他形式
e.g. a child→ two children, a mouse→ two mice, an ox→ two oxen
（3）注意事项
1). physics，maths总是作为整体出现，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g. Physics is an interesting subject.
2). “数词+n.+形容词”构成的复合形容词中，中间的n.不能用复数形式，须用单数形式。
e.g. a five-year-old boy
3). 集体n.表一群人或一些事物的名称，只有单数形式。
e.g. There are many people in the room.
不可数名词
通常无复数形式，其前不用a/an或数词，但可用some，any，a lot of，a little等词修饰。
（1）数词+量词+of+不可数n. e.g. a glass of water→ two glasses of water
常见不可数n.有：water, milk, rice, tea, rain, news, weather, information, advice, fun, work等。
（3）注意事项
1). 有些n.既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但含义不同
e.g. orange---（可数）橘子---（不可数）橘子汁
time---（可数）次数---（不可数）时间
room---（可数）房间---（不可数）空间
2). 在一些固定词组中，抽象n.可用作可数n.
e.g. have a rest, have a good time
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．How many _________ are there in these _________
A．tomatos; photos B．tomatoes; photos
C．tomatoes; photoes D．potatos; photoes
2．Tom and Tim have some ________ and ________.
A．tomatos; chicken B．tomatoes; chickens C．tomatoes; chicken D．tomatos; chickens
3．We have eight ________.
A．watch B．watchs C．watches
4．There are some dogs, ________ in that village.
A．some chicken and some sheep B．some chickens and some sheep
C．some chickens and some sheeps D．some chicken and some sheeps
5．—How many ________ are there in your school
—About 18.
A．woman teachers B．women teacher C．women teachers D．woman teacher
6．—Can you see three ______ in the room
—Yes. ______ are teachers.
A．woman; They B．women; They C．women; She
7．There are ten ________ in the picture.
A．sheeps B．deers C．horse D．cows
8．— What can I do for you, sir
— I want ________ apples, please.
A．three glasses of B．three kilos of C．three bottles of
9．We should brush our ________ every day.
A．tooth B．hands C．teeth D．face
10．All the girl students and ________ at our school will receive flowers on Women’s Day.
A．women teachers B．women teacher
C．woman teacher D．woman teachers
11．There are some ________ under the tree.
A．woman teacher B．woman teachers
C．women teacher D．women teachers
12．—How many ________ do you want
—Four.
A．apple juice B．a glass of apple juice C．glasses of apple juice D．glasses of apples juice
13．For lunch, we have some ________ and ________.
A．rices; vegetable B．rices; vegetables C．rice; vegetable D．rice; vegetables
14．I want to buy some ________ and ________.
A．tomatoes; milks B．tomato; milk C．tomatoes; milk D．tomato; milks
15．I don’t like hamburgers or ________. Fruit and ________ are my favorite food.
A．chickens; vegetable B．chickens; vegetables
C．chicken; vegetable D．chicken; vegetables
16．Cindy likes ________ and ________.
A．meat; apples B．meats; apple
C．meats; apples D．meat; apple
17．For dinner, I have some ________ and ________, so I am very healthy.
A．vegetables; milks B．vegetables; milk C．vegetable; milk D．vegetable; milks
18．—What would you like, boys and girls
—We would like ________ first.
A．five cup of tea B．five cups of tea
C．five cup of teas D．five cups of teas
19．—What’s the restaurant famous for
—________.
A．Noodle B．Chickens C．Fish D．Dumpling
20．I want some ________ and ________ for dinner tonight.
A．potato; chicken B．potatoes; chickens
C．potatoes; chicken D．potato; chickens
21．We eat two ________ and some ________ after dinner.
A．ice-cream; strawberry B．ice-creams: strawberries
C．ice-cream; strawberries D．ice-creams: strawberry
22．I like to eat ________ and ________. Let’s get some.
A．chickens; strawberry B．chicken; strawberries
C．chicken; strawberry D．chickens; strawberries
二、单词拼写
23．Lisa sends me three (电子邮件) every month.
24．I can see a man and two (女人) standing there.
25．There are lots of (woman teacher) in the classroom.
26．Men (护士) are popular (受欢迎) today.
27．Jack is ill. Doctor Wang tells him to take some (medicine).
28．I searched on the Internet to get some about the event, so I can give you some suggestions about it.
29．The doctor advised him to do more such as running and skipping rope in order to keep healthy.
30．Please take this (药), and you’ll feel better.
31．Andy has noodles and (chicken) for lunch.
32．This is my . Where is yours （身份证）
33．Most of the tourists on the coach are (German), and only two of them are (Japanese).
三、完成句子
34．That is a kite. (改为复数句)
.
35．你认识那些穿白色T恤的妇女吗？
Do you know those in white T-shirts
36．吃太多的糖对我们的牙齿有害。
too much sugar is bad for our .
37．She is a woman teacher.（改为复数句）
They are .
38．一些女教师在图书馆里。
Some are in the library.
39．I’d like two kilos of meat. (对划线部分提问)
would you like
40．每天喝两杯牛奶，对你的健康很重要。
It’s very for your health to drink milk every day.
41．晚饭后我常常吃一些水果。
I often eat .
42．我想要一个鸡蛋和一些鱼。
I’d like and .
43．I need two ping-pong bats. （改为同义句）
I need a ping-pong bats.
44．一串钥匙在沙发上。
keys is on the sofa.
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参考答案：
1．B
2．C
3．C
4．B
5．C
6．B
7．D
8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
12．C
13．D
14．C
15．D
16．A
17．B
18．B
19．C
20．C
21．B
22．B
23．emails
24．women
25．women teachers
26．nurses
27．medicine
28．information/news
29．sports/exercise
30．medicine
31．chicken
32．ID card
33． Germans Japanese
34．Those are kites
35．women
36． Eating teeth
37． women teachers
38． women teachers
39． How much meat
40． important two glasses/cups of
41． some fruit after dinner
42． an egg some fish
43．pair of
44．A set of
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页

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