资源简介

2023—2024学年（下）高二年级期末考试
英 语
考生注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why won't David go to the movies
A. He has to study. B. He has to work. C. He has a cold.
2. When should the woman arrive at the laboratory on Tuesday
A. At 5:50 p. m. B. At 6:10 p. m. C. At 7:50 p. m.
3. Where are the speakers probably
A. At a cinema. B. At a store. C. At an office.
4. What will the man most probably do next
A. Dry the clothes for another 45 minutes.
B. Examine the dryer for potential damage.
C. Take the clothes out of the dryer immediately.
5. What are the speakers doing
A. looking at an old picture.
B. Preparing for a family trip.
C. Talking about their grandmother.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What present does the woman first suggest
A. A toy car. B. A machine gun. C. A doll.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman want to move into a home-stay family
A. She prefers making friends.
B. She wants to learn the local customs.
C. Her uncle needs the room for Mike.
9. What is the woman studying now
A. Academic English. B. Medicine. C. Science.
10. When will the woman have to move out
A. On September 8. B. On September 7. C. On October 7.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is Max's purpose in going to Europe
A. To travel around. B. To further his education. C. To find a job.
12. Which country is Max in at present
A. Belgium. B. France. C. Switzerland.
13. What will Rita do next
A. Show the man speaker some information.
B. Take some pictures with the man speaker.
C. Post her videos on social software.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What do we know about the woman speaker
A. She bought a new flat.
B. She works with John.
C. She is a newcomer to the city.
15. How did the woman speaker go to work in the morning
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car.
16. Why was Lily late for work
A. She missed the bus.
B. Her subway had some problems.
C. Her car broke down.
17. What will the man speaker do the next day
A. Go to work by car. B. Leave home earlier. C. Call at Lily's.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker probably
A. A host. B. A manager. C. A researcher.
19. What does the speaker recommend interviewees to do before the interview
A. Do a role-play to relieve your nervousness.
B. Collect some information about the interviewers.
C. Practice answering possible questions in the interview.
20. How can an interviewee make a good impression
A. By paying attention to the responses from interviewers.
B. By answering questions quickly.
C. By asking necessary questions.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Fogo Island Inn, Canada
Located on a rocky outcrop on Fogo Island in Newfoundland, Canada, this impressive building looks over the vast North Atlantic Ocean. Inside the 43,000 square-foot building, guests will find a contemporary art gallery, a bar, a restaurant and a heritage library. Built to feel as if it were floating above the water, the inn's 29 suites feature floor-to-ceiling views that frame crashing waves and moody skies.
Tierra Atacama, Chile
Designed to disappear into the impressive surroundings, the Tierra Atacama seems right at home in the middle of the world's driest non-polar desert—about a two-hour flight northeast of Santiago. The impressive Atacama Desert is home to a diverse lineup of natural beauty, from springs to salt flats, dramatic rock formations, hot springs and even flamingos （火烈鸟）. Adventurous types will include horseback riding through the sand dunes（沙丘）， hiking up volcanoes, and biking.
Southern Ocean Lodge, Australia
Snaking along the coastline of Kangaroo Island in southern Australia, the Southern Ocean Lodge takes advantage of its ocean views because it is located at the top of a cliff. But it's not looks alone that draw travelers to the country's third largest island. Wildlife, including sea lions and, of course, the island's namesake kangaroos, is also attractive.
Wildflower Hall, Shimla, India
As a holiday resort（旅游胜地）， Wildflower Hall, Shimla takes luxury to another level literally, at 8,250 feet above sea level. Above are clear skies and grand mountains. Below are nothing but cedar（雪松） and pine forests stretching across 22 acres. Oberoi Spa will take travelers to houses in the thick forest for private experiences. There are also hikes, yoga, river rafting and golf.
21. What do Fogo Island Inn and Southern Ocean Lodge have in common
A. They both have an art gallery. B. They provide a trip to observe animals.
C. They have a good view of oceans. D. They are aimed at adventure lovers.
22. What is special about Wildflower Hall, Shimla
A. It is far above sea level. B. It is surrounded by thick forest.
C. It offers private hikes to visitors. D. It lets visitors experience horseback riding.
23. Which hotel is located in the desert
A. Fogo Island Inn. B. Tierra Atacama.
C. Southern Ocean Lodge. D. Wildflower Hall, Shimla.
B
Last January, I finally got around to reading The Last Bear by Hannah Gold. Luckily, I loved it as much as I hoped that I would. So, when the follow-up Finding Bear came out, I knew I had to get it. I pre-ordered it but waited until the beginning of this year to read it. It felt good to be starting the year with April and Bear again.
The story in the book takes place about a year after April and her dad left Bear Island. She is finding it difficult to adjust to life back home and is struggling to get on well with her classmates. It doesn't avail her though her father has a good relationship with her headteacher. So, April is already struggling with her emotions before she hears that a polar bear has been shot near Longyearbyen. Convinced that it is her friend Bear, April asks her dad to fly over and look for him.
When she gets there, she finds her friend but realizes that he has been through a lot in their time apart. Can April help her friend get his baby to safety without risking her own life Especially as she has to get assistance from a woman who is ready to shoot any polar bear she sees. Can April persuade the woman into helping them
April is a conscientious and determined girl. She sees what humanity has done to the natural world and will do anything she can to help. She's an inspirational hero and manages to bring environmental issues to the forefront in an understandable way. Not only do we see April's passion but we see how the world is changing. Hannah Gold expertly combines realism with fantasy to write an emotional and important story.
24. What problem does April have with her life away from the Bear Island
A. She misses her homeland very much.
B. Her headteacher is not satisfied with her.
C. Her relationship with her father becomes worse.
D. She finds it difficult to fit in with her classmates.
25. What does the underlined word "avail" in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Help. B. Confuse. C. Interest. D. Embarrass.
26. What can we learn about Finding Bear
A. It has a follow-up The Last Bear.
B. It is intended for middle school students.
C. Its writer is good at writing science fiction.
D. It draws people's attention to environmental problems.
27. What is the text probably
A. A book review. B. A travel journal.
C. A children's story. D. A historical novel.
C
Language gradually shifts over time. Much research examines how social and environmental factors influence language change, but very little deals with the forces of human cognitive（认知的）select ion that fix certain words into the dictionary. For an extensive new study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, scientists investigated just that.
In an experiment much like a game of telephone, thousands of participants read English-language stories and rewrote them to be read by other participants, who then rewrote them for others. Only certain words from the first stories survived in the final versions. Researchers analyzed the word types speakers consistently favored, theorizing that such preferences drive language change over time. The scientists also separately analyzed two large collections of English historical texts from the past two centuries, containing more than 40 billion words—again seeing only certain types survive.
The results show three features that give words an“evolutionary（进化的） advantage”by helping them stick in the brain: First, words typically acquired at an early age (such as "hand" "uncle" or "today") are stabler. Next, concrete words remain better than abs tract ones: "dog" persists longer than "animal", which persists longer than "organism". Lastly, emotionally exciting words—whether negative or positive—tend to continue to exist.
Early language-evolution models assumed that language becomes increasingly complex over time. But Indiana University Bloomington cognitive scientist Fritz Breithaupt says the new study supports a more recent theory that language finally gets more efficient and easier to understand.
Still, as the study notes, "the English language is not baby talk." Breithaupt explains: "We shift toward simple language, but then we also grab complex language that we need." New words that address the complexity of modern life may somewhat balance out this shift.
28. What is the purpose of the new study
A. To find out why language gradually shifts over time.
B. To present society is a key factor in language change.
C. To identify how cognitive selection affects language change.
D. To figure out what words are easily included in the dictionary.
29. What were the participants asked to do during the experiment
A. Play games on the phone. B. Read stories to other participants.
C. Rewrite what they read for others. D. Analyze the words they prefer to use.
30. Which words have the most evolutionary advantage according to the new study
A. Head, imagination and happy. B. Mouth, horse and disappointed.
C. Insect, fortune and competition. D. Soccer, organism and adventure.
31. What is Fritz Breithaupt's attitude towards the new study
A. Tolerant. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
D
Space travel is certainly not for someone who is not fearless, for many reasons including its effects on physical health. It can potentially disturb human immune systems（免疫系统） and increase red blood cell death. Astronaut s can even suffer from bone loss during missions. A recent study finds astronauts with no prior history of headaches may experience migraine（偏头疼） and tension-type headaches during long space flight—over 10 days in space.
The study looked at 24 astronauts from NASA, the European Space Agency, and a Japanese agency. The astronauts all completed health screenings and a questionnaire about individual headache history before their space flight. Nine of them reported never having any headaches prior to the study, with three reporting a headache that disturbed their daily activities within the last year. None of the astronauts had a history of recurrent headaches or had a migraine report. During space flight, they filled out a daily questionnaire for the first seven days and a weekly questionnaire each following week throughout their stay in the International Space Station.
The study found that 92 percent of the astronauts surveyed experienced headaches during space flight, compared to just 38 percent who reported experiencing headaches in the two to six months before going into space. Twenty-two of the 24 astronauts studied also experienced one or more headache times during their first week in space. About 89 percent of these headaches were tension headaches and 10 percent were likely a migraine. Headaches were also of a higher intensity and more likely to be like a migraine during the first week of their space flight.
According to W. P. J. van Oosterhout, study co-author, the changes to the brain's balance and posture system, combined with adjusting to zero gravity during the first week of their space flight, can lead to space motion sickness in the first week, of which headache is the most frequently reported symptom. One of the study's limitations is that it relied on self-reporting of symptoms, so the memory recall may not have been completely accurate. "Further research is needed to explain the underlying causes of space headache and explore how such discoveries may provide insights into headaches occurring on Earth," said van Oosterhout.
32. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The danger of space travel.
B. The process of the new study.
C. The standard of choosing the astronauts.
D. Astronauts' full preparation for space travel.
33. How does the author mainly develop paragraph 3
A. By analyzing reasons. B. By making comparisons.
C. By giving examples. D. By listing figures.
34. What does the new study find about the headache
A. It will result in space motion sickness.
B. It will become more serious with the flight on.
C. It is an experience for most astronauts in early space flight.
D. It helps astronauts keep a balance between the brain and the body.
35. What does van Oosterhout think of the new finding
A. It has small sample size.
B. It needs to be improved further.
C. It is correct and true in every detail.
D. It will solve the space headache problem to some degree.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For nearly a decade, I've interviewed lots of high achievers, from astronauts to Olympic gold medalists to Nobel Prize winners. What was revealing is that all high achievers had four things in common.
Take advantage of your internal motivation.
36 Getting to the "why" behind your career choice is critical, as it will help you get in touch with your deepest motivations, block out distractions（干扰）， and potentially adjust your current path. For the highest achievers, it's not about the medals, rewards, or promotions. They all told me that they loved what they did, could not imagine another path, and would do it for free if they could.
Get comfortable with failure.
Some people fear failing while others fear succeeding. 37 For them, it's not a question of whether they can overcome a challenge; the focus is always on how they can. They consider alternative strategies and work fiercely to control what they can control, and ignore distractions.
Enhance your foundation.
Despite all of their achievements, high achievers never rest on their honors. Even if they've done a task or routine many times, they still work on the basic skills foundational to their current—and future—success. 38 It's also the strategy marathon runners use when they train in high altitudes so that running the race in normal conditions they feels easier.
39
The high achievers I spoke with are continuously open to learning, although it is rarely in the classroom. Many of the Nobel Prize winners I spoke to were also inspired as a result of their openness and curiosity. Several shared that their breakthrough ideas occurred through casual conversations with colleagues in cafeterias and laundry rooms. Conference lectures, coffee breaks and group meals are not just for building your network. 40
A. Become a lifelong learner.
B. Be the best whatever you do.
C. It's where new ideas take root and develop.
D. Why did you enter your chosen profession
E. High achievers fear "not trying" more than they fear failing.
F. In the military, people are similarly told to "train hard, fight easy".
G. What should we do to realize our dreams and live a life without regret
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Over a decade ago, Heather Benoit was given a crayon as a gift by one of her students. This may seem 41 , but the reason behind it couldn't be more heartwarming.
At that time, it was Heather's last Christmas as a(n) 42 . Students and their parents 43 her—they gave her lots of presents, which moved her. One little kid, who didn't have a present to give, 44 this. Still, he tried to think of a way that he, too, could 45 how much he cared about her. Knowing that her favorite color is purple, he 46 a gift from an already opened box. Inside was a single, purple crayon. "He gave me so much 47 a purple crayon. He gave me a kind gesture. He gave me 48 . It is his thought that counts," said Heather.
It's been over a decade since her retirement. But Heather Benoit still 49 it. Now she volunteers at the Wallace Community Center to work with the youth, many of whom she says 50 a variety of hardships, like that student. "And I often show them the crayon and tell them 'You don't have to take money to show somebody that you 51 them,'" Heather shares. "I want to 52 , by doing this, that just the 53 goes such a long way."
This crayon has been so 54 that Heather plans to write a book about it called The Giving Crayon. With it, she hopes to show the importance of 55 gestures and shedding（散发） light, hope and positivity.
41. A. random B. familiar C. priceless D. disappointing
42. A. organizer B. doctor C. teacher D. policewoman
43. A. relaxed B. surprised C. confused D. amused
44. A. made use of B. made room for C. took note of D. took responsibility for
45. A. promise B. admit C. imagine D. express
46. A. presented B. needed C. described D. bought
47. A. instead of B. different from C. more than D. related to
48. A. friendship B. assistance C. knowledge D. love
49. A. values B. recommends C. expects D. doubts
50. A. forget B. suffer C. avoid D. overcome
51. A. encourage B. understand C. appreciate D. believe
52. A. recall B. stress C. predict D. notice
53. A. connection B. courage C. forgiveness D. thought
54. A. influential B. festive C. acceptable D. colorful
55. A. strange B. simple C. generous D. brave
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
In the past 23 years, Lian Da has traveled throughout Shanxi Province to create over 2,500 black-and-white illustrations of ancient Chinese architecture 56 ( use) only a pen.
It all began in 1999, the year 57 Lian Da first set foot in Liaoning Province. Fascinated by the rich history of the ancient buildings, he was inspired to go further. His search 58 (lead) him to Shanxi Province, where he explored the details of the Ming Great Wall, the villages and residences that held the whispers of bygone eras. In the following years, Lian Da devoted 59 (he) to the thorough study of ancient architecture and painting techniques. His passion became a continuous 60 (explore) of Shanxi's remote areas in search of ancient buildings with the essence of their archaic beauty.
"Shanxi's ancient buildings are 61 ( significant) reflective of Chinese architectural history," Lian Da remarked. "I hope to record their image in a way that a camera cannot fully take," he expressed.
To him, each stroke（一笔） of the pen is a deliberate attempt 62 (preserve) the physical structure, the very soul of the local architectural style 63 the characteristics of its era. His black-and-white illustrations, born from 64 (count) hours of observation and skillful rendering （呈现）， go beyond mere artistic expressions. They become historical documents, evidence of the architectural technique of ancient China, and the respect 65 the craftsmen who created these wonders.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校交换生 Ryan 在骑车上学的途中受伤。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示慰问；
2.骑行安全建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Have you brought the frog to school " I whispered excitedly to my friend, John. It was early in the morning and my friends, John, Tom and I were already in school, discussing the prank（恶作剧） we were going to play on our class monitor, Jane. Laughing quietly, John reached for his bag, opened the bag and showed us the frog in his bag. Tom and I couldn't hold back the laughter, thinking about what would happen.
Ring! As soon as the bell rang, other students, including Jane, hurried out of the classroom. We had planned to put a frog in Jane's bag and scare her for telling Ms Tan, our headteacher, that we were playing in the classroom when there was no teacher in class. "This should teach her a lesson!" I thought, smiling to myself. Once we were the only ones left in the classroom, I took the frog from John's bag. Surveying around to make sure that no one was walking past our classroom, I put the frog into Jane's bag secretly.
"Please take out the homework I assigned you yesterday," Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyone started looking through their schoolbags for their homework. Out of the corner of my eye, I spied Jane bending down to open her bag. Glancing over at Tom and John, I saw them covering their mouths, trying to hide their laughter.
"Ahhh! There is a frog in my bag!" Jane screamed as the frog leapt（跳） out of her bag.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
英语·答案
听力原文
Text 1
W: Alex is not going to the movies because he has to work.
M: David has to study and John has a cold, so they aren't going either.
Text 2
W: Hello! Is the laboratory available on Tuesday evening from six o'clock to eight o'clock
M: Yes. You'll just need to come a little early that day to sign some paperwork—say. 10 minutes.
Text 3
M: You made the right e to us, madam. We have a variety of cell phones for you to choose from.
W: I'm looking for one with the best built-in camera.
Text 4
W: You probably shouldn't keep the clothes in the dryer for longer than 45 minutes.
M: Oh, no. I've already had them in there for an hour.
Text 5
M: Look, everyone was making a pose before they were ready. Do you remember who took this one
W: Sure. Grandma took it when we were on a family trip to Australia three years ago.
Text 6
W: Next week is your birthday party! How exciting! What do you want for your birthday
M: Well, a car like yours would be fantastic.
W: Hmm... maybe not a car just yet. You're only turning nine, you know. How about a doll
M: Mom, I'm a boy! Boys don't play with stupid dolls! But a machine gun would be okay.
W: Well, not this time. Maybe we could get you a nice dress, and a little purse . and maybe...
M: Maybe I should change my name to Mary, since you seem to want a daughter so badly!
Text 7
M: Lisa, I've heard that you want to move into a home-stay family.
W: Yes. I've been staying with my uncle. Now his son Mike is arriving from America and my uncle needs the room for him.
M: Oh, that's bad luck. Well, I'll need to get some details first. Lisa, how old are you
W: 23.
M: OK. What are you studying now
W: I was studying Science and now I'm doing Academic English, because I'm trying to get into Medicine next year.
M: That sounds good, but it'll take you a long time. When would you like to move out from your uncle's
W: Mike arrives on Friday morning. so I'd better be out on Thursday. That's September 7.
Text 8
M: Who were you talking with, Rita
W: My friend Max. He is in Europe now.
M: Why did he go to Europe Go to college
W: No. After graduating from high school, he decided to take a gap year and go backpacking in Europe.
M: Wow, cool! Has he visited many countries
W: Yes. He went to Britain, the Netherlands and Belgium. He arrived in France yesterday and will stay there for a month before flying to Switzerland.
M: I haven't been to Europe yet.
W: Me, neither. He said that he would take pictures and shoot videos to share what he saw and heard with us.
M: Great! Which social software does he post his pictures and videos on I want to follow him.
W: Let me show you.
Text 9
M: Hi, Mary, how's your new flat
W: It's great. I really like it. I am very thankful to my friend John for helping me rent such a good flat since I have never been to this city.
M: How is it
W: There's one big room, a bathroom and a small kitchen.
M: How far is it from the office
W: It's only about 10 minutes.
M: 10 minutes by bus or by car
W: Neither. I walked to work this morning. I was 10 minutes early.
M: You are lucky. I was 10 minutes late.
W: What happened
M: All the buses came late.
W: What did Lily say
M: She was late, too.
W: What happened to her
M: She took the subway, and there was something wrong with it.
W: Well, then, you're really lucky after all. But what are you going to do tomorrow
M: I'll start out earlier.
Text 10
M: Welcome to Workplace Online. It's time for job hunting now. Today, we're going to look at tips for job interviews in English. First, practice. You only get a few minutes to impress the interviewers, so make sure that you practice. Ask a friend to play the role of interviewer. Try again until you are happy with your responses. Next, make sure that you research the company you are applying to. You can do some online research to find out as much information of the company as possible. Also, research the latest developments in the relevant business area. This sort of information will really impress the interviewers and also show you have initiative. First impressions are important. Make sure that you smile and make eye contact with the interviewers. Don't forget to speak clearly and not too fast. Give yourself time to think about your responses. Lastly, don't forget to ask questions, too. This shows you're genuinely interested in the position and the company. That's all. Good luck with getting that job.
（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1—5 AABCA 6—10 CBCAB 11—15 ABACA 16—20 BBACC
（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，主题语境是人与社会。主要介绍了处于偏僻地区的特色酒店。
21.答案 C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据Fogo Island Inn, Canada 介绍中的“this impressive building looks over the vast North Atlantic Ocean”和Southern Ocean Lodge, Australia介绍中的“Snaking along the coastline of Kangaroo Island in southern Australia, the Southern Ocean Lodge takes advantage of its ocean views because it is located at the top of a eliff.”可知，在这两个酒店住宿都能欣赏到海景。
22.答案 A
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据Wildflower Hall, Shimla, India 介绍中的“Wildflower Hall, Shinda takes luxury to another level literally, at 8,250 feet above sea level.”可知， Wildflower Hall, Shimla酒店的特殊之处是它位于海拔8250 英尺的地方。
23.答案 B
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据 Tierra Atacama, Chile 介绍中的“in the middle of the world's driest non-polar desert—about a two-hour flight northeast of Santiago”可知， Tierra Atacama 酒店位于沙漠之中。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会。文章是儿童小说 Finding Bear的一个书评。
24.答案 D
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第二段中的“is struggling to get on well with her classmates”可知. April 发现自己很难与她的同学们相处融洽。
25.答案 A
命题透析 词义猜测题。
思路点拨 根据语境及下文的“though her father has a good relationship with her headteacher. So, April is already struggling with...”可知。此处表示“尽管她的父亲和校长关系密切，但是这没有对她有所帮助”。因此该词与help 同义。
26.答案 D
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据最后一段中的“She's an inspirational hero and manages to bring environmental issues to the forefront in an understandable way.”可知， Finding Bear 这本书能够让人们重视环境问题。
27.答案 A
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第一段的“So, when the follow-up Finding Bear came out, I knew I had to get it. I pre-ordered it but waited until the beginning of this year to read it.”第二段的“The story in the book takes place...”和最后一段内容可知，本文简要介绍了 Finding Bear的内容，并对其进行了评价，所以本文是一篇书评。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会。在一项新的研究中，科学家们调查了人类认知选择的力量对单词固定到词典中的影响。
28.答案 C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第一段的“but very little deals with the forces of human cognitive（认知的） selection that fi x cerlain words into the dictionary. For an extensive new study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, scientists investigated just that.”可知，新的研究是关于人类认知选择的力量对单词固定到词典中的影响的。
29.答案 C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第二段的“thousands of participants read English-language stories and rewrote them to be read by other participants, who then rewrote them for others.”可知，参与者需要重写自己读过的故事。
30.答案 B
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第三段内容可知，有三种特质的词语有进化优势：在很小的时候习得的单词，具体的单词和让人情感激动的单词。
31.答案 D
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第四段的“But Indiana University Bloomington cognitive scientist Fritz Breithaupt says the new study supports a more recent theory that language finally gets more efficient and easier to understand... that we need.”可推断， Fritz Breithaupt对此研究表示支持。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会。新的研究认为太空旅行可能会导致头痛。没有头痛史的宇航员在长途太空飞行中（在太空中超过10天）。可能会出现偏头痛和紧张型头痛。
32.答案 B
命题透析 段落大意题。
思路点拨 通读第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍研究的过程。
33.答案 D
命题透析 推理判断题。
思路点拨 根据第三段中的“The study found that 92 percent!…, compared to just 38 percent…Twenty-two of the24 astronauts studied… About 89 percent of these headaches were tension headaches and 10 percent. were likely a migraine.”可推断，在第三段中，作者主要使用列举数字的方法介绍研究结果。
34.答案 C
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据第三段中的数据和最后一句“About 89 pervent of these headaches were tension headaches and 10percent were likely a migraine. Headaches were also of a higher intensity and more likely to be like a migrain e during the first week of their space flight.”可知，大部分的宇航员在飞行初期都经历了头痛。
35.答案 B
命题透析 细节理解题。
思路点拨 根据最后一段的“Further research is needed to explain the underlying causes of space headache ...”可知， van Ousterhoul 认为此研究需要进一步改善。
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自我。我们都渴望成功，可是，你知道那些取得巨大成功者具备哪些特质吗？
36.答案 D
命题透析 考查上下文衔接。
思路点拨 本段在谈论我们从事一个行业的内在动力，另外结合下句中出现的“Getting to the 'why'”可知，上句应该是一个由“why”引起的问句。
37.答案 E
命题透析 考查上下文衔接。
思路点拨 本段建议我们要坦然面对失败，E项符合语境，说明取得巨大成就者不惧怕失败，而害怕未曾尝试。
38.答案 F
命题透析 考查上下文衔接。
思路点拨 根据下句中的“It's also the strategy marathon runners use”可知，上句提到了一种策略，因此F项符合语境。F项表达的意思是：平时训练刻苦一些，战场上打仗就轻松一些。
39.答案 A
命题透析 考查段落主题句。
思路点拨 本段主要告诉我们应该保持开放的心态和持久的好奇心，不断坚持学习，因此A 项适合作为本段小标题。
40.答案 C
命题透析 考查上下文衔接。
思路点拨 上文指出，我们应该利用一切场合和机会去学习，包括会议报告、茶点时间以及聚餐场合等，这些都是好想法诞生的时刻，故 C 项符合语境。
（共 15 小题；每小题1分，满分15 分）
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与社会。十多年前，一名生活困难的学生送给一位老师一支蜡笔作为圣诞节礼物。其中的爱让老师感动至今。
41.答案 A
命题透析 考查形容词。
思路点拨 Heather Benoit的一位学生送给她一支蜡笔作为礼物，这个行为看起来很随意的，但是背后的原因却是很感人。
42.答案 C
命题透析 考查名词。
思路点拨 根据上下文可知，那是 Heather 当老师的最后一个圣诞节。
43.答案 B
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 学生和他们的家长给她了惊喜——给她送了很多礼物，这让她很感动。
44.答案 C
命题透析 考查动词短语。
思路点拨 一位没有礼物可送的学生留意到了这一点。
45.答案 D
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 然而，他还是努力想出一种方法，让他也可以表明他有多么关心他的老师。
46.答案 A
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 他知道她最喜欢的颜色是紫色，于是他送了一个已经打开的礼物盒子。里面有一支紫色蜡笔。
47.答案 C
命题透析 考查短语。
思路点拨 Heather说：“他给我的远不止是一支紫色蜡笔。他给了我一个友好的表示，他给了我爱，贵在心意。”
48.答案 D
命题透析 考查名词。
思路点拨 参考上题解析。
49.答案 A
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 她已经退休十多年了，但她仍然很珍视这支蜡笔。
50.答案 B
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 现在，她在华莱士社区中心做志愿者，与年轻人一起工作，她说他们中的许多人都遭受着各种各样的困难，就像那个学生一样。
51.答案 C
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 “我经常给他们看这支蜡笔，告诉他们你不必用钱就能向别人表达你的感激之情，”Heather 分享到。
52.答案 B
命题透析 考查动词。
思路点拨 “通过这样做我想强调，仅仅是心意就很重要。”
53.答案 D
命题透析 考查名词。
思路点拨 参考上题解析。
54.答案 A
命题透析 考查形容词。
思路点拨 这支蜡笔非常有影响力，以至于Heather打算写一本关于它的书，名叫《给予的蜡笔》。
55.答案 B
命题透析 考查形容词。
思路点拨 通过它，她希望能展示简单表达的重要性，传递光明、希望和正能量。
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与社会。在过去的23年里，中国艺术家连达走遍了山西省，仅用一支笔就创作了2500 多幅中国古代建筑的黑白插图。
56.答案 using
命题透析 考查非谓语动词。
思路点拨 分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语形式，且 Lian Da 与动词 use 为逻辑上的主谓关系，故使用其现在分词形式。
57.答案 when
命题透析 考查定语从句。
思路点拨 分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，修饰先行词the year，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。
58.答案 led
命题透析 考查动词时态。
思路点拨 此处指过去的动作且表主动，故使用一般过去时态。
59.答案 himself
命题透析 考查代词。
思路点拨 devote oneself to“投身于”。
60.答案 exploration
命题透析 考查词性转换。
思路点拨 根据前面的a continuous 和后面的of 可知，此处应用名词形式。
61.答案 significantly
命题透析 考查词性转换。
思路点拨 此处用副词修饰形容词 reflective。
62.答案 to preserve
命题透析 考查非谓语动词。
思路点拨 此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词attempt。
63.答案 and
命题透析 考查连词。
思路点拨 此处为并列三个名词，作 preserve的宾语。此句意为：对他来说，每一笔都是一次刻意的尝试，不仅仅是为了保留其物理结构，也是为了保留当地建筑风格的灵魂和时代特征。
64.答案 countless
命题透析 考查词性转换。
思路点拨 此处用形容词形式，修饰名词.根据句意，应该填countless“无数的”。
65.答案 for
命题透析 考查介词。
思路点拨 respect for sb.“对某人的尊重”。
写作第一节（满分15分）
One possible version:
Dear Ryan,
I'm sorry to hear that you got injured when riding to school. I am worried about you. How are you feeling now If you need any help, please don't hesitate to let me know.
Now, I want to share some safety tips for cycling. First of all, obey traffic rules just like you expect cars to. A lot of cycling accidents result from cyclists riding through red lights and stop signs. In addition, it is necessary to watch out for opening car doors, which poses a significant dinger. The most important is to avoid texting, phone calls, or listening to music while riding your bike.
With every good wish for your swift and full recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
写作 第二节（满分25分）
One possible version:
She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. A few girls held their breath in shock and some rushed out of the classroom. The other classmates and I burst into laughter. I thought, "Serve you right, Jane! You should not have told Ms Tan about what we did!" "Silence!" Ms Tan shouted, glaring at all of us. Silence filled the classroom. "Who did this " Seeing Jane still standing on her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful for what I had done suddenly.
Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. "…I did… it," I said in a low voice. Ms Tan criticized me and commanded me to apologize and take back the frog. Following my lead, John and Tom stood up and apologized too. Fortunately, Jane forgave us willingly. I breathed a sigh of relief. That day, regret welled up within me as I thought about the prank I had played on poor Jane. My heart sank with guilt over how Jane had easily and kindly forgiven us. I realized that we should not have played a prank on such a kind girl.

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