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江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（音频暂未更新）
一、一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高二下·南京期末）What does the man suggest Karen do7
A．Find an easy job.
B．Try a new project.
C．Take good care of herself.
2．（2024高二下·南京期末）Where are the speakers most probably
A．In a classroom. B．In a bookstore. C．In a library.
3．（2024高二下·南京期末） What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Teacher and student.
4．（2024高二下·南京期末） When will the lecture end
A．At 4:30 pm. B．At 5:00 pm. C．At 5:30 pm.
5．（2024高二下·南京期末） What do the speakers plan to do
A．Drive back home.
B．Stay at the airport.
C．Go to the airport hotel.
二、第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
6．Why did Johnson miss the game
A．He got the time wrong.
B．He took swimming lessons.
C．He worked on his biology project.
7．What does the woman think of the game
A．Wonderful. B．Disappointing. C．Average.
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
8．How can the quality be ensured
A．By analyzing some samples.
B．By making production fully automatic.
C．By having all products inspected strictly.
9．How many units will be produced per month from October
A．1,200. B．1,000. C．980.
（2024高二下·南京期末）听材料，回答问题。
10．What kind of book does the man want
A．A biography.
B．A fantasy book.
C．An adventure story.
11．Why does the woman buy books today
A．To complete her paper.
B．To prepare a birthday gift.
C．To learn more about a great man.
12．Which series of books will the woman take
A．Harry Potter.
B．The Lord of the Rings.
C．The Hunger Games.
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What is the man doing
A．Having an interview.
B．Applying for a job.
C．Discussing a program.
14．What do we know about the man's mother
A．She was a doctor.
B．She was a housewife.
C．She was a nurse.
15．What does the man do in his spare time
A．He reads books.
B．He goes cycling.
C．He works part-time.
16．Which school is the man's last choice
A．Yale. B．Stanford. C．Johns Hopkins.
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What is the talk mainly about
A．Outdoor courses. B．Traveling plans. C．School activities.
18．What does "Nature" aim at helping students do
A．Acquire survival skills.
B．Learn about wildlife.
C．Improve maths scores.
19．What will the students learn to do this time
A．Make a birdhouse. B．Design backpacks. C．Feed birds.
20．How long will the students spend in "Nature" in total
A．12 hours. B．24 hours. C．36 hours.
三、第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5 分，满分37.5分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Be a Beekeeper fora Day!
Learn about the fascinating world of honey bees in a way that few get to experience:
●Your tour, led by a professional beekeeper, will include suiting up in protective gear, lighting a bee smoker, and getting up close with more than 100,000 bees.
●Guided tours include protective gear and select drinks.
●Any children under the age of 18 must be accompanied by at least one paid adult.
Price Starting at $35 Ages 13+: $50 Ages 6-12: $35
Time Saturdays
Duration
1.5 Hours
Place Two Hives Honey Ranch
Things to know:
Ensure you rive a few minutes before your start time to sign waivers(豁免协议) and get signed in.
Tours are weather dependent, so if the forecast calls for rain, please watch your email 24 – 48 hours before in case we need to cancel/reschedule.
What to bring:
We will have a variety of protective gear for all of you. Please follow the guidelines:
◆Closed-toe shoes that cover the ankle are required.
◆Wear long pants and a long sleeve top. Try to stick to lighter colors on top.
◆Choose clothing that is loose fitting - nothing especially tight!
◆Avoid using materials that are hairy or made from sweater type materials.
◆Please avoid using any perfumes(香水)or creams - the bees are not fans of our smell.
21．What is the text
A．A student's scientific report.
B．A user guide for keeping bees.
C．An introduction to a scenic spot.
D．An advertisement for a special tour.
22．If the weather doesn't permit, what should participants do
A．Reschedule for another day.
B．Check the email box in advance.
C．Cancel their participation immediately.
D．Prepare rain gear for better experience.
23．Which of the following is allowed during the tour
A．Being dressed in light-colored clothing.
B．Wearing sweaters that are loose fitting,
C．Using sunscreen with pleasant smells.
D．Exploring independently at the age of 15.
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On November 2, 2021, my friend Lou messaged me with a challenge: "Amy and I are not buying any new clothes for a year…" My immediate reply was, "Definitely!" This might not be what people who know me would expect. As a child, I once invited a girl to my birthday party just because I had seen her in a beautiful dress. My love for fashion has continued into adulthood.
However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry: it's highly polluting. There's also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping(丢弃) unwanted clothing in other regions.
So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes.
The year pushed me to embrace better habits. I've always enjoyed looking for second-hand items, but when my only pair of trainers broke in an unfixable way, I urgently needed a replacement. The Vinted app helped me find one almost as quickly as buying new.
I put more effort into making clothes. You quickly realize the labor involved once you start making shorts by yourself. Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler(修鞋匠), only to be told it'd be "cheaper to buy new".
Even though the year is officially over, I'm hoping to carry on with what I've learned. I'm trying to consume less overall, with a one in, one out' rule with clothes. I've been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30 wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions(排放) created to make a piece of clothing).
These approaches are what work. for me. But there are loads of different ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes!
24．Why did the author accept the challenge of not buying clothes for one year
A．She accepted the challenge to satisfy her friend.
B．She was concerned about the threat of fashion industry.
C．She thought this would solve the problem of pollution.
D．She had had enough of her deep connection with fashion.
25．How did the author feel when told it would be "cheaper to buy new"
A．Shocked. B．Discouraged. C．Frightened. D．Confused.
26．What does the number "30"in paragraph 6 mean
A．The author has been sticking to a 30-item clothing limit.
B．A piece of clothing of good quality can be worm at least 30 times.
C．The author would wear a piece of clothing 30 times for environmental reasons.
D．If a piece of clothing was worn 30 times, no carbon emission would be produced.
27．What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A．Suggestions the author gives to readers.
B．The role of friends in achieving success.
C．Uniqueness of the author's own experience.
D．The change in the way the author views fashion.
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Have you ever forgotten a lunch date and stood up a good friend This can be embarrassing and might indicate that your memory isn't as sharp as before. How can we improve our memory According to Charan Ranganath's book, Why We Remember, there are many strategies.
Taking good care of our physical bodies will improve our brain health generally, and so improve memory, says Ranganath. But we can also use the nature of memory to make certain memories stand out.
Events are more memorable when they are novel. So, if we want to draw on a memory later, we can focus more on unexpected things in an experience. For example, going to a new restaurant with your partner will make the experience more memorable than going to one where you often dine.
When it comes to learning, we can use special tricks. For example, we can use the phrase "King Philip came over for good spaghetti(意大利面)" to remember biological classification: kingdom(界), phylum(门), class(纲), order(目), family(科), genus(属), species(种).
However, memory is not just about recalling. It is subjective and can change over time because our brains reconstruct memories each time we recall them. "Each time we revisit the past in our minds, we bring present information that can invisibly, and even dramatically change our memories," says Ranganath.
Factors like how recently something happened, how much something is repeated, and how we are feeling at the time will change how well we recall a memory. Also, the people around us can affect our memory for an event, by either sharing their own memory or by their expectations of how an event should be remembered. That's why two people witnessing a street fight may see different things occurring, but eventually come to have similar memories about what happened. Their memories influence each other, more so if they talk it through after the fact.
While we can use our memory to remember important lessons from life, we must also be humble. By understanding the way memory works, we can learn to strengthen it for the things we need to know and to avoid some of the pitfalls.
28．Which of the following actions can enhance the memorability of an event
A．Repeating a familiar routine.
B．Experiencing something new.
C．Engaging in physical activities.
D．Focusing on everyday occurrences.
29．Why does the author mention "King Pilip came over for good spaghetti
A．To highlight the unreliability of our memory.
B．To illustrate how easily memories are forgotten.
C．To demonstrate a memory aid technique for recalling.
D．To help readers remember the order of biological classification.
30．What can we learn about the process of recalling memories from paragraph 6
A．Memories change our feelings when recalled.
B．Memories remain permanently fixed over time.
C．Memories become more detailed with recalling.
D．Memories may change after the event is discussed.
31．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Why do we forget important dates
B．How do we reconstruct memory over time
C．How can we improve and understand our memory
D．Why do we remember certain events more than others
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The conventional language of career success moves in only one direction: up. If you really succeed, you reach the top. But there is another type of career path. Sideways moves without a promotion or a pay rise, can be a benefit to employees and organizations alike.
A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral(横向的) career opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees. When they decided whether to stay in the company or not, chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay. Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cormell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways.
The crab-like(螃蟹般的) career has other things going for it. One is that it is a good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills, employers are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the upper ranks of companies tend to be people whose capabilities are broad, not deep; that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. Along with skills come contacts. Transferring between teams usually means building a bigger internal network. Opening the door to more lateral moves is partly a practical matter. Some bigger employers have "internal talent marketplaces" in which employees can find and apply for jobs elsewhere in the company; smaller firms have fewer such opportunities to offer.
Embracing sideways movement also requires the right attitude. Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves, at the expense of workers and firms. And moving sideways still has less cachet(声望) than moving upwards. Most people find it not so easy to accept.
32．How does the author develop paragraph 2
A．By telling personal stories.
B．By providing research findings.
C．By comparing different career paths.
D．By making remarks on scientific reports.
33．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean
A．Lateral moves involve gaining new skills.
B．Lateral moves are mainly for networking purposes.
C．Transferring between teams leads to a larger network.
D．Contacts are more important than skills in lateral moves.
34．What do many managers think of lateral career moves
A．They are a way to keep talent within the company.
B．They are seen as a threat to the manager's own positions.
C．They could potentially lead to talent loss within the team.
D．They could contribute to the company's growth in the long run.
35．Who may embrace lateral moves
A．Bosses who value short-term profits.
B．Employees who are eager for more skills.
C．Managers who appreciate long-term stability.
D．Job hunters who are interested in smaller firms.
四、第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There's a belief that it is inadvisable to have plants in the bedroom. The concern is about how plants breathe. While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the opposite. 　36． 　 But to tell whether sharing our bedroom with our plants is a risk to health,
we have to consider three things.
　37． 　 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature, Also, there's not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey's Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus(榕树) and yuccas(丝兰), when sealed(密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day.
Secondly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around
40.000ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 　38． 　 Also, consider this. Indoor plants grow in less light than they would ideally get in nature. So, they photosynthesize(光合作用) at a lower rate. This further reduces their impact on air quality.
Finally, it is obvious that we don't live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 　39． 　 Even our movements can influence its flow.
In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways.　40． 　 If sleeping near plants were bad for your health, camping in a forest would be definitely deadly.
A. Firstly, how do plants breathe at night
B. So enjoy houseplants whenever you like.
C. Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night
D. Camping can be a good escape if you are worried.
E. This means they compete with us for air when we sleep.
F. Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and windows.
G. So you might want to send your partner away before your plants.
五、第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You keep secrets from each other; you keep secrets from yourselves. Secrets 41． you; secrets drive you apart. Keeping a secret can be a burden, while sharing secrets can be a 42． , whether it's with your old friend or a supportive family member.
For children, learning to keep secrets is a(n) 43． milestone. In one study, researchers asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a secret about a surprise. 44． to do the two tasks connected strongly with each other, and with the kids' social cognition(认知). At three, the kids were fairly 45． at these tasks. By the age of five, most children can keep a secret, their cognitive development 46． the demands of this task.
For adults, this is 47． behavior. " 48． all adults of normal intellectual and psychological functioning do keep personal secrets at one time or another," writes Anita E. Kelly, author of The Psychology of Secrets.
Yet 49． ages and cultures, multiple studies show the personal health 50． of sharing your private hopes and fears with trusted friend--and the corresponding 51． of keeping some secrets entirely to yourself.
Truly 52． relationships depend on really seeing another person, which means knowing the deep reaches that not everyone has access to. However, we can never completely merge with (融入) another, nor should we — being an adult requires 53． healthy boundaries — but sharing these soft parts of ourselves allows others to love us, just as 54． others' secrets allows us to love them. The sweet spot is to 55． more of the secrets than we feel comfortable with. But never all of them.
41．A． separate B． bond C． secure D． fail
42．A． relief B． bonus C． routine D． link
43．A． operational B． educational
C． professional D． developmental
44．A． Orders B． Chances
C． Abilities D． Qualifications
45．A． fearless B． hopeless C． selfless D． careless
46．A． showing B． dismissing
C． matching D． contradicting
47．A． expected B． ignored C． puzzled D． attracted
48．A． Barely B． Partly C． Precisely D． Virtually
49．A． behind B． across C． within D． through
50．A． benefits B． relationships
C． condition D． system
51．A． panic B． potential C． reward D． harm
52．A． close B． distant C． intense D． dynamic
53．A． extending B． breaking C． maintaining D． challenging
54．A． defining B． accepting C． translating D． revealing
55．A． guard B． share C． bury D． convey
六、第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild, edible(可食的) spring plant--or chuncai in Chinese--have gained considerable attention from Chinese consumers this spring, as eating chuncai has become a way 　56． 　(welcome) and celebrate the season.
In major grocery markets, 　57． 　 wild vegetables are visible on stalls(摊位), prices vary up to dozens of yuan per kilogram."　58． 　 they are more expensive than ordinary vegetables, they sell out before 10 am every day. They are seasonal delicacies," said a stall owner in Nanjing, Jiangsu.
According to a report 　59． 　(release) by the JD Research Institute, over 50 types of chuncai are on sale 　60． 　 e-commerce platforms. The consumers are mainly in big cities 　61． 　 most were born between 1980 and 1999.
People's 　62． 　(enthusiastic) for wild vegetables is contributing to a boom in the agritainment(农家乐), with huge numbers traveling to enjoy a taste of spring.
Lin Yunli, who 　63． 　(run) a bed-and-breakfast in the suburban Yanqing district of Beijing, has received an 　64． 　(increase) number of tourists since the beginning of spring. "We updated our menu by adding wild vegetable 　65． 　(dish), and they are popular among the guests," said Lin. "Various wild vegetables grow near my house, and guests can take them home."
七、第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)
66．（2024高二下·南京期末）假定你是李华，下周你校将迎来一组美国中学生参观交流，校学生会现招募文化使者(Cultural Ambassadors)，负贵陪同接待，请你用英文写一封自荐信。内容包括:
1) 表达参与意愿;
2) 介绍个人优势。
注意：
1) 写作词数应为80左右;
2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Student Union,
Best regards,
Li Hua
八、第二节 (满分25分)
67．（2024高二下·南京期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Chad was a friend I met at summer camp. And we love telling corny(老套的) food jokes. "You know what kind of fish you put on a sandwich " Chad said. "A jellyfish(水母, jelly也有果酱的意思)!" "That was bad," I laughed. "You know why the bread dough(面团) was sad It just wanted to be kneaded (揉,音同needed)" "Wow, that was even worse." Chad laughed back.
Joking and laughing with Chad was turning out to be one of my favorite parts of camp. But a couple of days later, his joking around got confusing.
"Hey," he said, "did you forget your eyeglasses today " I shook my head. "I don't wear glasses."
"I just figured you couldn't see very well," he said. "The friendship bracelet(手链) you're making looks so ugly, you should call it an enemy bracelet. Get it "
"Oh, ha! Yeah," I said in a confused, not-exactly-laughing kind of way. But before I had a chance to stop and think about how those words actually made me feel, it was time to move on to the next activity.
That night, when it was lights-out time, I lay awake, feeling not good. Half of my brain was thinking, "Chad was just joking around; don't take it so hard." But the other half of my brain was thinking, "Those bracelet comments felt more mean than fun. I knew that truly funny things shouldn't make my stomach hurt."
The next day, Chad made another one of his "jokes" on the field. "Amy must think we're playing golf instead of basketball," he paused and smiled. Seeing my confusion, Chad said that each time Amy got the ball, it would just roll on the ground."
"Chad" I said. "I don't think it's funny." "Why What happened to your sense of humor " he asked.
I took a deep breath and decided to tell him my true feeling.
After a moment of heavy silence, Chad's response came.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Karen, you worked too late last night, right
W: Yes. The new project keeps me very busy these days.
M: I must warn you if you carry on working like this, sooner or later you'll be worn out. Don't push yourself too hard.
【分析】题意：男士建议凯伦做什么？ 根据听力内容M: I must warn you if you carry on working
like this, sooner or later you'll be worn out. Don't push yourself too hard. 我必须警告你，如果你继续这样工作，你迟早会筋疲力尽的。不要把自己逼得太紧。可知选项Take good care of herself.符合题意；故答案为 C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句Don't push yourself too hard.来选出正确选项。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. They may bother others. If you want to talk on the phone, please go somewhere else.
W: I'm terribly sorry. I was telling my classmate that I couldn't find a book for him.
【分析】题意：说话的人最有可能在哪里 根据听力内容M: Excuse me, it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. They may bother others. 对不起，这是一个学习的地方。这里不允许打电话。他们可能会打扰别人。可知选项In a library.符合题意；故答案为 C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. 来选出正确选项。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Dear, why are you so worried about Alex Did he fail the exams
W: Not really. He doesn't study hard enough, so he falls behind other students.
M: Take it easy. I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.
【分析】题意：说话者之间的关系是什么 根据听力内容M: Dear, why are you so worried about Alex Did he fail the exams 亲爱的，你为什么这么担心亚历克斯 他考试不及格吗 M: Take it easy. I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.别紧张。我要去他的学校和他的老师谈谈。可知选项Husband and wife.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 why are you so worried about Alex I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.来选出正确选项。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: When will the lecture begin, Andy
M: The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours.
W: Good. I have to meet a friend at the cafe at the campus around 5:30 pm. I'm sure I can make it.
【分析】题意：讲座什么时候结束 根据听力内容M: The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours. 海报上说下午三点半开始，持续一个半小时。可知选项At 5:00 pm.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours. 来选出正确选项。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Bad luck! The airport has been closed due to the snowstorm tonight.
W: Awful! But we can't drive back home in such bad weather. We have to stay at the airport lounge.
M: Don't worry, dear. The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there.
【分析】题意：说话者计划做什么 根据听力内容 The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there. 机场旅馆对延误的旅客是免费的。我们去那里吧。可知选项Go to the airport hotel.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there. 来选出正确选项。
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；文娱体育类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Johnson, did you go to the basketball game on Friday I didn't see you.
M: No, I didn't. I really wanted to go, but I just couldn't make it.
W: How come You're always a big fan of basketball. Did your swimming lessons stop you from going to the game
M: No. I was busy with my biology project then.
W: What a shame! You missed a terrific game.
M: Oh, really Who won What was the score
W: Our school did. They played extremely well. The score was 101-98.
M: Wow, that was a really close game!
W: Sure. That's what made it so great. I was on the edge of my seat during the whole game.
【分析】这是一段谈论篮球比赛的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词terrific和关键句 I was busy with my biology project then.来选出正确选项。
6．题意：约翰逊为什么错过了这场比赛 根据听力内容 I was busy with my biology project then. 那时我正忙着我的生物项目。可知选项He worked on his biology project.符合题意；故答案为C。
7．题意：女士认为这个比赛怎么样 根据听力内容 What a shame! You missed a terrific game.太遗憾了!你错过了一场精彩的比赛。可知选项Wonderful.符合题意；故答案为A。
【答案】8．C
9．A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；日常生活类
【解析】【听力原文】M: Put on your helmet and uniforms, please. They can avoid getting your clothes dirty. Please mind your steps.
W: Thank you. Is the production line fully automatic
M: Oh, it's not all automatic.
W: Well, how do you control the quality
M: All products have to go through five checks in the whole process.
W: What's the monthly output
M: 1,000 units per month at present, but 1,200 units will be available from October.
W: What's the usual rate of factory seconds per month
M: About 2% in normal conditions.
W: That's amazing. Is that where the finished product comes out
M: Yes, let's take a break now and then move on.
【分析】这是一段参观生产车间时的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语 five checks 和关键句 but 1,200 units will be available from October.来选出正确选项。
8．题意：如何保证质量 根据听力内容 All products have to go through five checks in the whole
process. 所有产品在整个生产过程中得通过五道质量检查关。可知选项 By having all products
inspected strictly.符合题意；故答案为C。
9．题意：从10月份开始每月将生产多少件 根据听力内容 1,000 units per month at present, but
1,200 units will be available from October. 但从10月份起将供应1200件。可知选项1,200.符合题意；故答案为A。
【答案】10．A
11．B
12．C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；文学艺术类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Wow, it's really a big bookstore. What kind of book do you want to buy today
M: I'd like to get a book about Abraham Lincoln's life. I'm really interested in learning more about the great man.
W: It must be helpful for you to complete your paper.
M: You're right. And you
W: I'm looking for some fantasy books.
M: You must love this kind of book very much.
W: Not really. Adventure stories are my favorite. Actually I need books for my younger brother. He is turning fourteen this weekend.
M: How about buying the Harry Potter series for him
W: He read those books two years ago, but he hasn't read The Lord of the Rings and The Hunger Games yet.
M: Will you buy both of the series for him
W: No. Just the latter. I don't have so much money today.
【分析】朋友两个书店买书时的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语 the latter 和关键句 He is turning fourteen this weekend.来选出正确选项。
10．题意：这位男士想要什么样的书 根据听力内容 : I'd like to get a book about Abraham Lincoln's
life. 我想买一本关于亚伯拉罕·林肯生平的书。可知选项A biography.符合题意；故答案为A。
11．题意：女士今天为什么买书 根据听力内容 Actually I need books for my younger brother. He is
turning fourteen this weekend. 事实上，我需要给我弟弟买书。这个周末他就要满十四岁了。可知选项To prepare a birthday gift.符合题意；故答案为B。
12．题意： 这位女士将买走哪一系列的书 根据听力内容W: He read those books two years ago, but
he hasn't read The Lord of the Rings and The Hunger Games yet. 他两年前读过这些书，但他还没有读过《指环王》和《饥饿游戏》。Just the latter. I don't have so much money today.只是后者。我今天没有那么多钱。可知选项The Hunger Games.符合题意；故答案为C。
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．B
16．C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Thanks for coming to Stanford today. Please take a seat. So, you want to come here for the medical program
M: Yes, very much so.
W: Where do you see yourself in ten years
M: I want to be a family doctor. I would love to have my own practice and establish long-lasting relationships with my patients and their families.
W: Why do you want to be a doctor
M: I've always been interested in medicine, and I want to do my best to help others.
W: Tell me about yourself. What was your childhood like and what led you to medicine
M: I grew up in a small town in Minnesota on a farm. My mom stayed home with us. She always wanted to be a nurse, but it never happened to her. My three sisters and I grew up milking cows and collecting eggs. My dad is a doctor, and I always loved hearing about his work at the hospital.
W: What do you like to do in your free time
M: I love biking. I also volunteer at an organization that helps kids learn to read.
W: What other schools have you applied to
M: Yale and Johns Hopkins. Stanford is my first choice.
W: What is your second choice
M: Yale.
W: All right. That's it for now. You'll be hearing from us soon!
【分析】这是一段大学申请的面试。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词 biking 和关键句My mom stayed home with us.来选出正确选项。
13．题意：男士在做什么 根据听力内容W: Thanks for coming to Stanford today. Please take a seat.
So, you want to come here for the medical program 谢谢你今天来斯坦福大学。请坐。那么你想来这里学习医学课程 可知选项Having an interview.符合题意；故答案为A。
14．题意：关于男士的母亲，我们知道些什么 根据听力内容 My mom stayed home with us. She
always wanted to be a nurse, but it never happened to her. 我妈妈和我们呆在家里。她一直想成为一名护士，但这从未发生在她身上。可知选项She was a housewife.符合题意；故答案为B。
15．题意：男士在业余时间做什么 根据听力内容 I love biking. 我喜欢骑自行车。 可知选项He goes
cycling.符合题意；故答案为B。
16．题意：哪所学校是男士最后的选择 根据听力内容M: Yale and Johns Hopkins. Stanford is my first
choice. 耶鲁大学和约翰霍普金斯大学。斯坦福是我的第一选择。W: What is your second choice 你的第二选择是什么 M: Yale.耶鲁大学。可知选项Johns Hopkins.符合题意；故答案为C。
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．A
20．C
【知识点】时文广告类；独白；学习教育类
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, everyone. My name's Ben. I'm from a group called "Nature". We run courses for young people like you during weekends. Now I'd like to tell you about the courses you can do on Saturday mornings. You can learn a lot about things like science and maths at school. These courses are really about giving you students the chance to come and find out wildlife. Taking part in our activities means you get to do all sorts of things including building a fire, which you wouldn't normally be allowed to do at home. While you're with us, we'll also show you how to make things out of different materials. On the last course, everyone designed backpacks which they were very pleased with. This time we'd get you to design and make a birdhouse. When it is finished, you can take it home and show it to your family. We think you'll really enjoy this. Now, we'd like you to come and do some activities with us. You spend three hours each week with us and the courses last for 12 weeks. That might sound a long time, but we think you'll not be sorry when it's over. Now, any questions
【分析】这是一个"自然"的组织对他们周六上午开设的课程的介绍。
【点评】考查长对话独白。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语make a birdhouse和关键句These courses are really about giving you students the chance to
come and find out wildlife.来选出正确选项。
17．题意：这篇演讲主要讲了什么 根据听力内容My name's Ben. I'm from a group called "Nature".
We run courses for young people like you during weekends. 我叫本。我来自一个叫"自然"的组织。我们在周末为像你这样的年轻人开设课程。 可知选项Outdoor courses.符合题意；故答案为A。
18．题意：《自然》旨在帮助学生做什么 根据听力内容These courses are really about giving you
students the chance to come and find out wildlife. 这些课程实际上是给你们学生一个机会来发现野生动物。可知选项Learn about wildlife.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：这次学生们将学习做什么 根据听力内容This time we'd get you to design and make a
birdhouse. 这次我们会让你设计并制作一个鸟舍。 可知选项Make a birdhouse.符合题意；故答案为A。
20．题意：学生们在"自然"课上总共花多长时间 根据听力内容You spend three hours each week with
us and the courses last for 12 weeks. 你每周花三个小时和我们在一起，课程持续12周。可知选项36 hours.符合题意；故答案为C。
【答案】21．D
22．B
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了关于去养蜂场参观学习的相关事项。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题和细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．推理判断题。根据 Learn about the fascinating world of honey bees in a way that few get to
experience: ●Your tour, led by a professional beekeeper, will include suiting up in protective gear, lighting a bee smoker, and getting up close with more than 100,000 bees. ●Guided
tours include protective gear and select drinks.以一种很少有人能体验到的方式了解蜜蜂的迷人世界:●在专业养蜂人的带领下，您将穿上防护装备，点燃蜜蜂烟，并与超过10万只蜜蜂近距离接触。●导游服务包括防护装备和精选饮料。可知这篇文章是关于一次特别旅行的广告；故答案为 D。
22．细节理解题。根据 Tours are weather dependent, so if the forecast calls for rain, please watch
your email 24 – 48 hours before in case we need to cancel/reschedule.旅游取决于天气，所以如果天气预报说有雨，请在24 - 48小时前查看您的电子邮件，以防我们需要取消或重新安排。可知如果天气不允许，参加者要提前检查邮箱；故答案为B 。
23．细节理解题。根据◆Wear long pants and a long sleeve top. Try to stick to lighter colors on top.穿长裤和长袖上衣。尽量在上面是浅色的。◆Choose clothing that is loose fitting - nothing
especially tight!选择宽松的衣服——不要太紧! 可知在参观期间，参加者可以穿着浅色的衣服；故答案为A 。
【答案】24．B
25．B
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了与朋友结合起来从穿戴上减少碳排放为环境保护做贡献。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
24．推理判断题。根据 However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry:
it's highly polluting. There's also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping(丢弃)
unwanted clothing in other regions.So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the
perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes.然而，我也意识到时尚行业的重大问题:它的高污染。还有一个浪费的问题，西方经常把不需要的衣服丢弃在其他地区。所以，当邀请函出现的时候，这似乎是一个重塑我与服装关系的绝佳机会。可知她担心时装业对环境的威胁；故答案为 B。
25．推理判断题。根据Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead
, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler(修鞋匠), only to be
told it'd be "cheaper to buy new". 此外，买新鞋不再那么容易，促使我转而去修理，尽管有一次我把一双非常喜欢的鞋拿到补鞋店，却被告知"买新鞋更便宜"。可知作者当时很泄气的；故答案为B 。
26．细节理解题。根据 I've been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30
wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions(排放) created to make a piece of clothing).我一直在记录我每天穿的衣服，以及我是否穿了30次(据说这是平衡制造一件衣服所产生的碳排放所需的时间)。可知出于环境原因，作者会将一件衣服穿30次；故答案为C 。
27．主旨大意题。根据 These approaches are what work. for me. But there are loads of different
ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes! 这些方法对我很有效。但是有很多不同的方式来挑战时尚。一种方法可能听起来很有用、也很有挑战性、并且很吸引人，但是因人而异。无论你做什么，建议你拉拢朋友。他们让你保持动力;他们还可以分享想法，可能还可以分享衣服 可知 作者给读者的建议；故答案为A 。
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．D
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了我们如何提高和理解我们的记忆的方法和技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
28．推理判断题。根据 Events are more memorable when they are novel. So, if we want to draw on
a memory later, we can focus more on unexpected things in an experience. For example, going to a new restaurant with your partner will make the experience more memorable than going to one where you often dine.新奇的事情更容易让人记住。所以，如果我们以后想要利用一段记忆，我们可以更多地关注一次经历中意想不到的事情。例如，和你的伴侣一起去一家新的餐馆会比去你们经常去的餐馆更令人难忘。可知体验新事物可以增强事件的可记忆性；故答案为B 。
29．细节理解题。根据When it comes to learning, we can use special tricks. For example, we can
use the phrase "King Philip came over for good spaghetti(意大利面)" to remember biological
classification: kingdom(界), phylum(门), class(纲), order(目), family(科), genus(属), species(种). 在学习方面，我们可以使用特殊的技巧。例如，我们可以用"菲利普国王来吃好吃的意大利面"来记住生物学分类:王国(界)、门(门)、纲(纲)、目(目)、科(科)、属(属)、种(种)。可知举这个例子是为了演示一种帮助回忆的记忆技术；故答案为C 。
30．推理判断题。根据 Factors like how recently something happened, how much something is
repeated, and how we are feeling at the time will change how well we recall a memory. Also, the people around us can affect our memory for an event, by either sharing their own memory or by their expectations of how an event should be remembered. That's why two people witnessing a street fight may see different things occurring, but eventually come to have similar memories about what happened. Their memories influence each other, more so if they talk it through after the fact.诸如最近发生的事情，重复的次数，以及我们当时的感受等因素会改变我们回忆记忆的程度。此外，我们周围的人也会影响我们对一件事的记忆，要么是通过分享他们自己的记忆，要么是通过他们对如何记住一件事的期望。这就是为什么目睹街头斗殴的两个人可能会看到不同的事情发生，但最终会对发生的事情有相似的记忆。他们的记忆会相互影响，如果他们事后谈论这件事，影响会更大。可知从第6段中我们可以了解到回忆的过程是：在事件被讨论后，记忆可能会改变；故答案为D 。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段Have you ever forgotten a lunch date and stood up a good friend
This can be embarrassing and might indicate that your memory isn't as sharp as before. How can we improve our memory According to Charan Ranganath's book, Why We Remember,
there are many strategies.你是否曾经忘记了午餐约会而放了好朋友的鸽子 这可能很尴尬，可能表明你的记忆力不如以前那么敏锐了。我们怎样才能提高我们的记忆力 根据Charan Ranganath的书《为什么我们记得》，有很多策略。和最后一段While we can use our memory to remember
important lessons from life, we must also be humble. By understanding the way memory works, we can learn to strengthen it for the things we need to know and to avoid some of the pitfalls. 虽然我们可以用记忆来记住生活中的重要教训，但我们也必须谦虚。通过了解记忆的工作方式，我们可以学会加强记忆，记住我们需要知道的事情，避免一些陷阱。可知这篇文章主要介绍我们如何提高和理解我们的记忆 故答案为C 。
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了没有晋升或加薪的横向变动对员工和组织都有好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
32．细节理解题。根据 A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral(横向的) career
opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees. When they decided whether to stay in the company or not, chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay. Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cormell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways.麻省理工学院的唐纳德 苏尔和他的合著者在2021年进行的一项研究发现，横向职业机会的可用性对留住员工有显著影响。当他们决定是否留在公司时，跳槽的机会比薪水重要2.5倍。南佛罗里达大学的金欣和康奈尔大学的迈克尔 沃尔德曼的另一篇论文得出结论，横向调动不仅对组织有利:经历过横向调动的员工比没有经历过横向调动的员工更有可能获得晋升，并且在以后的职业生涯中享有更高的工资增长。你可以先横向移动来向上移动。 可知作者通过提供研究结果来构成第二段；故答案为B 。
33．推理判断题。根据上文 Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the upper ranks of companies
tend to be people whose capabilities are broad, not deep; that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. 金和沃尔德曼的理由是，公司的高层往往是那些能力广而不深的人;这或许可以解释为什么横向调动有利于晋升。下文Transferring between teams usually
means building a bigger internal network. 团队之间的调动通常意味着建立一个更大的内部网络。可知第三段划线的句子是一个过渡句，它的意思是： 团队之间的转移会形成一个更大的网络；故答案为C 。
34．推理判断题。根据Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves, at the expense of
workers and firms. 许多管理者喜欢把人才留给自己，而牺牲员工和公司的利益。可知许多管理者认为横向职业调动可能会导致团队内部的人才流失；故答案为C 。
35．推理判断题。根据The crab-like(螃蟹般的) career has other things going for it. One is that it is a
good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills, employers are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. 像螃蟹一样的职业生涯还有其他的事情要做。一是它是学习新事物的好方法。随着招聘过程越来越强调技能，雇主可能会相对不那么重视简历，而更看重你的技能。可知渴望获得更多技能的员工会接受横向调动；故答案为 B。
【答案】36．E；37．C；38．G；39．F；40．B
【知识点】七选五；日常生活类；科普类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过一些科学实例论证了在家里养绿植不会污染空气。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
36．根据上文While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the
opposite. 白天，植物吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，而到了晚上，情况却恰恰相反。 可知空白处需要补充：晚上卧室里的植物会和人一起争夺屋子里的氧气； 选项This means they compete with us for
air when we sleep.这意味着它们在我们睡觉时与我们争夺空气。符合题意；故答案为E 。
37．根据下文 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and
even room temperature, Also, there's not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey's Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus(榕树) and yuccas(丝兰), when sealed(密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six
and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day.这个问题很难回答，因为它取决于各种因素，从物种到光照水平，甚至是室温。此外，关于室内环境中精确测量的研究也不多。值得庆幸的是，2015年，土耳其Kastamonu大学的研究人员发现，像无花果(榕树)和丝兰(丝兰)这样的室内植物，在密封(密封)在玻璃盒子里时，白天吸收的二氧化碳是夜间排放的6到8倍。这导致在一整天中显著的净减少。可知空白处需要主题句：晚上植物排除的二氧化碳比它白天吸收的二氧化碳多吗？ 选项 Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night 首先，植物在夜间排放更多的二氧化碳吗 符合题意；故答案为C 。
38．根据上文econdly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other
potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around 40.000
ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 其次，我们应该比较植物对空气质量的影响与其他潜在的竞争对手，如合作伙伴，一个人的呼吸包含周围40000 ppm的二氧化碳，是植物在8小时内产生的二氧化碳的10倍多。可知空白处需要结论：你拿走卧室里的植物之前最好赶走污染空气更厉害的人； 项 So you might want to send your partner away before your
plants.所以你可能想在你的植物之前把你的伙伴打发走。符合题意；故答案为 G。
39．根据上文Finally, it is obvious that we don't live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 最后，很明显，我们并不是生活在进行这些研究的封闭盒子里。以及下文 Even our movements can influence its flow.甚至我们的动作也会影响它的流动。可知空白处需要补充：我们生活的屋子里空气是流动的； 选项 Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and
windows.室内空气通过门窗不断交换。符合题意；故答案为F 。
40．根据上文In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways. 总之，在很多方面，我们家中的植物效应是非常小的。可知空白处需要结论：你可以开心在家养绿植； 选项So enjoy houseplants whenever you like.所以，随时享受室内植物吧。符合题意；故答案为B 。
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．B；46．C；47．A；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．D；52．A；53．C；54．B；55．B
【知识点】日常生活类；社会现象类；社会文化类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过举例论述了我们应该分享我们心中的秘密，这样有利于我们的健康。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 秘密把你绑在一起;秘密会把你们分开。 根据上文You keep secrets from each other; you
keep secrets from yourselves. 你们对彼此保守秘密;你们对自己保守秘密。 可知秘密将你们结合在一起；A： separate分开；B： bond与……黏合；C： secure使安全；D： fail辜负，使失望；故答案为B 。
42．句意：保守秘密可能是一种负担，而分享秘密可能是一种解脱，无论是与你的老朋友还是支持你的家人。根据句意"保守秘密可能是一种负担"，以及选项A： relief宽慰，轻松；B： bonus意外收获；C： routine常规，惯例；D： link 联系，关系； 可知作者认为分享秘密会让人决定轻松；故答案为 A。
43．句意： 对孩子来说，学会保守秘密是一个发展的里程碑。 根据下文 In one study, researchers
asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a secret about
a surprise. 在一项研究中，研究人员让三岁、四岁和五岁的孩子玩捉迷藏，并对惊喜保密。 By the
age of five, most children can keep a secret,到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，可知孩子学会保守秘密也是一个重要的发展过程；A： operational操作；B： educational教育；C： professional专业；D： developmental发展；故答案为 D。
44．句意：完成这两项任务的能力彼此密切相关，也与孩子的社会认知密切相关。根据上文In one study,
researchers asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a
secret about a surprise. 在一项研究中，研究人员让三岁、四岁和五岁的孩子玩捉迷藏，并对惊喜保密。 可知对孩子们来说"捉迷藏"和"保守秘密"是两个很需要能力来完成的任务；A： Orders命令；B： Chances机会；C： Abilities能力；D： Qualifications资历；故答案为C 。
45．句意：三岁时，孩子们在这些任务上几乎毫无希望。根据下文By the age of five, most children can
keep a secret, 到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，可知三岁的孩子太小在这两个任务上都失败了，他们的能力完成这样的任务是无望的；A：fearless无所畏惧；B：hopeless绝望，无望；C：selfless无私；D：careless粗心大意；故答案为B 。
46．句意：到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，他们的认知发展与这项任务的要求相匹配。根据句意"到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，" 可知大点儿他们的认知能力也提高了，这刚好与这个任务要求的能力向匹配；A：showing显示；B：dismissing否定；C：matching匹配；D：contradicting矛盾；故答案为C 。
47．句意： 对于成年人来说，这是意料之中的行为。根据上文句意"他们的认知发展与这项任务的要求相匹配" 可知这样的能力要求对成人来说是意料之中的是；A： expected意料中的；B： ignored忽略的；C： puzzled迷惑的；D： attracted被吸引的；故答案为A 。
48．句意：《秘密心理学》一书的作者安妮塔·e·凯利写道:"事实上，所有智力和心理功能正常的成年人都或多或少地保守过个人秘密。"根据句意"所有智力和心理功能正常的成年人都或多或少地保守过个人秘密。" 可知这是事实；A： Barely几乎不，几乎没有；B： Partly部分地；C： Precisely精确地，准确地；D： Virtually 事实上，几乎；故答案为 D。
49．句意： 然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。 根据句意"多项研究表明" 可知专家们在不同年龄和不同文化上都做了研究；A： behind后面；B： across在……上；C： within在……之内；D： through 穿过，从一端到另一端；故答案为B 。
50．句意：然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。根据上文第二空所在句意"保守秘密可能是一种负担，而分享秘密可能是一种解脱，无论是与你的老朋友还是支持你的家人。" 可知分享秘密对人健康有利；A： benefits利益，好处；B： relationships人际关系；C： condition状况，状态；D： system系统；故答案为A 。
51．句意：然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。根据句意"与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益" 可知反之一味地保守秘密会给自己增加压力，造成身体地伤害；A： panic恐慌；B： potential潜力；C： reward奖励；D： harm伤害；故答案为D 。
52．句意： 真正亲密的关系依赖于真正理解另一个人，这意味着知道不是每个人都能到达的深处。 根据句意"依赖于真正理解另一个人" 以及选项A： close亲密的；B： distant冷淡的；C： intense严肃紧张的；D： dynamic充满活力的，精力充沛的；可知这里指是人际间的亲密关系；故答案为 A。
53．句意：然而，我们永远不可能完全与融入另一个人，我们也不应该成为一个需要保持健康界限的成年人，而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们，就像接受别人的秘密可以让我们爱他们一样。根据句意"而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们" 可知作者认为成人没必要维持增加的那道严格的心理防线；A： extending扩展；B： breaking突破；C： maintaining维持；D： challenging挑战；故答案为 C。
54．句意：然而，我们永远不可能完全与融入另一个人，我们也不应该成为一个需要保持健康界限的成年人，而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们，就像接受别人的秘密可以让我们爱他们一样。根据句意"分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们" ，可知接受别人的秘密让我们爱他们也是一样的；A： defining定义；B： accepting接受；C： translating翻译；D： revealing揭示；故答案为B 。
55．句意：最好的方式是分享更多我们觉得不舒服的秘密。根据下文But never all of them. 但绝不是全部。可知作者建议我们分享自己的秘密时还是需要稍作保留；A： guard保护，维护；B： share分享；C： bury埋葬；D： convey传达；故答案为B 。
【答案】56．to welcome；57．where；58．Although/Though/While；59．released；60．on；61．and；62．enthusiasm；63．runs/is running；64．increasing；65．dishes
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；社会文化类；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了人们喜欢品尝春天的野菜，因此带动了农家乐的兴起。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意： 今年春天，野生的、可食用的春菜受到了中国消费者的极大关注，因为吃春菜已经成为欢迎和庆祝这个季节的一种方式。 根据分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，名词 way后面常接不定式作定语， 可知空白处需要动词welcome 的不定式形式 to welcome；故答案为to welcome 。
57．句意：在主要的杂货市场，摊位上随处可见野菜，价格高达每公斤几十元。根据分析句子结构空白处需要关系副词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为markets； 可知空白处需要关系副词 where；故答案为 where。
58．句意："虽然它们比普通蔬菜贵，但每天早上10点前就卖光了。它们是时令美食，"江苏南京的一个摊主说。根据句意"它们比普通蔬菜贵"和"每天早上10点前就卖光了。" 可知这两个句子之间是转折关系，空白处需要让步状语从句的引导词Although/Though/While ；故答案为Although/Though/While 。
59．句意：根据京东研究院发布的一份报告，电商平台上销售的春菜超过50种。根据分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，名词 report与动词release 之间是被动关系， 可知空白处需要动词release 的过去分词形式released ；故答案为released 。
60．句意：根据京东研究院发布的一份报告，电商平台上销售的春菜超过50种。根据分析句子结构空白处需要介词表示"在……上"，考查了短语：on the platforms(在站台上：指在火车、地铁、公交等交通工具的站台上)引申用法， 可知空白处需要介词on ；故答案为 on。
61．句意：消费者主要在大城市，大多数出生于1980年至1999年之间。根据句意"消费者主要在大城市"和"大多数出生于1980年至1999年之间" 可知这两个句子之间是并列关系，空白处需要并列连词and ；故答案为 and。
62．句意：人们对野菜的热情促成了农家乐的繁荣，大量的人前往那里享受春天的味道。根据名词所有格People's 后面要接名词； 可知空白处需要形容词enthusiastic 的名词形式enthusiasm ；故答案为enthusiasm 。
63．句意：林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店，自入春以来，他接待的游客越来越多。根据 分析句子结构空白处需要谓语，主从句时态要一致，主句谓语has received 是现在完成时态形式，可知空白处需要表示现在的时态，再根据句意"林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店"可知该句可以用动词run一般现在时态形式runs（表示习惯的），也可以用动词run 现在进行时形式is running（表示一直在经营，从未停止） ；故答案为 runs/is running。
64．句意：林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店，自入春以来，他接待的游客越来越多。根据 分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，表示"正在不断的增加"可知空白处需要动词increase 的现在分词形式increasing ；故答案为 increasing。
65．句意：林说:"我们更新了菜单，增加了野菜，它们在客人中很受欢迎。我家附近生长着各种野菜，客人可以把它们带回家。" 根据名词 dish在文章中指"一道菜" 是可数名词，以及句意"增加了野菜"可知不止一道野菜，空白处需要名词dish 的复数形式dishes ；故答案为 dishes。
66．【答案】Dear Student Union,
I am writing to express my keen interest in becoming a cultural ambassador for the upcoming visit of the American high school students.
As a fluent English speaker with a passion for cultural exchange, I am confident in my ability to make our guests feel welcome and provide them with an insightful experience of our culture. I am also known for my friendly and outgoing personality, which I believe will help facilitate meaningful interactions.
I would be really honored if I could contribute to the success of this great event. (90 words)
Best Regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文求职信。要求考生以李华 的身份写一封邮件申请担任校学生会的文化使者(Cultural Ambassadors)。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，申请担任校学生会的文化使者；
第二段：介绍个人优势；
第三段：自己的期望与决心。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构As a fluent English speaker with a passion for cultural exchange, I am confident in my ability to make our guests feel welcome and provide them with an insightful experience of our culture. （运用了with的复合结构，非谓语作定语和宾语从句）， I am also known for my friendly and outgoing personality, which I believe will help facilitate meaningful interactions. （ 运用了非限制性定语从句），I would be really honored if I could contribute to the success of this great
event. （运用了条件状语从句），让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇 keen，upcoming， insightful ，和固定短语 be confident in，be known for ，contribute to ，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
67．【答案】Paragraph 1:
I took a deep breath and decided to tell him my true feeling."Hey, Chad, I guess, we might have different ideas of what's funny," I began, my voice steady despite the butterflies in my stomach. I continued to explain that I did love our food jokes, but I didn't think that ‘enemy bracelet' comment was funny. I also mentioned the incident with Amy, emphasizing that it felt like he was making fun of her, not the situation. "Basically, I think laughing with people is way more fun than laughing at them." (84 words)
Paragraph 2:
After a moment of heavy silence, Chad's response came. "You're right. I didn't realize my jokes could be hurtful. I'm sorry," he admitted, his eyes reflecting a newfound understanding. A wave of relief washed over me as I responded, "I appreciate your apology, Chad. Let's go back to the jokes that make everyone laugh, alright " His smile slowly returned, genuine and beautiful. From that day on, our friendship was once again filled with laughter and the rest of the summer camp was a mix of activities and joy, just the way it was meant to be. (87 words)
【知识点】读后续写；日常生活类；故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者与查德在夏令营中相识大家在关于食物的笑话中产生了友谊。但查德后来对作者手工手镯的差评以及对艾米打篮球的嘲笑，让作者感到查德的幽默有点伤人；于是作者找查德谈论了幽默应该让大家都高兴，开心，而不能伤害人。查德接受了作者的建议并向作者道歉了，他们又开始了快乐的夏令营活动。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我深吸了一口气，决定告诉他我的真实感受。"可知，第一段可描写作者很真诚淡定的告诉查德自己对幽默的理解；查德听得很认真。②由第二段首句内容"一阵沉痛的沉默之后，查德的回答来了。"可知，第二段可描写作者的话得到了查德得认可，他向作者道歉并从此改变了自己得幽默方式，让大家都开心起来。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：
"Hey, Chad, I guess, we might have different ideas of what's funny," I began, my voice steady despite the butterflies in my stomach.运用了直接引语； I continued to explain that I did love
our food jokes, but I didn't think that ‘enemy bracelet' comment was funny. 运用了宾语从句，并列句；A wave of relief washed over me as I responded, "I appreciate your apology,
Chad. Let's go back to the jokes that make everyone laugh, alright " 运用了时间状语从句，祈使句和限制性定语从句。
1 / 1江苏省南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（音频暂未更新）
一、一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2024高二下·南京期末）What does the man suggest Karen do7
A．Find an easy job.
B．Try a new project.
C．Take good care of herself.
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Karen, you worked too late last night, right
W: Yes. The new project keeps me very busy these days.
M: I must warn you if you carry on working like this, sooner or later you'll be worn out. Don't push yourself too hard.
【分析】题意：男士建议凯伦做什么？ 根据听力内容M: I must warn you if you carry on working
like this, sooner or later you'll be worn out. Don't push yourself too hard. 我必须警告你，如果你继续这样工作，你迟早会筋疲力尽的。不要把自己逼得太紧。可知选项Take good care of herself.符合题意；故答案为 C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句Don't push yourself too hard.来选出正确选项。
2．（2024高二下·南京期末）Where are the speakers most probably
A．In a classroom. B．In a bookstore. C．In a library.
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Excuse me, it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. They may bother others. If you want to talk on the phone, please go somewhere else.
W: I'm terribly sorry. I was telling my classmate that I couldn't find a book for him.
【分析】题意：说话的人最有可能在哪里 根据听力内容M: Excuse me, it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. They may bother others. 对不起，这是一个学习的地方。这里不允许打电话。他们可能会打扰别人。可知选项In a library.符合题意；故答案为 C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 it's a place for studying. Phone calls are not allowed here. 来选出正确选项。
3．（2024高二下·南京期末） What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Classmates.
B．Husband and wife.
C．Teacher and student.
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Dear, why are you so worried about Alex Did he fail the exams
W: Not really. He doesn't study hard enough, so he falls behind other students.
M: Take it easy. I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.
【分析】题意：说话者之间的关系是什么 根据听力内容M: Dear, why are you so worried about Alex Did he fail the exams 亲爱的，你为什么这么担心亚历克斯 他考试不及格吗 M: Take it easy. I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.别紧张。我要去他的学校和他的老师谈谈。可知选项Husband and wife.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 why are you so worried about Alex I'll go to his school to have a talk with his teacher.来选出正确选项。
4．（2024高二下·南京期末） When will the lecture end
A．At 4:30 pm. B．At 5:00 pm. C．At 5:30 pm.
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: When will the lecture begin, Andy
M: The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours.
W: Good. I have to meet a friend at the cafe at the campus around 5:30 pm. I'm sure I can make it.
【分析】题意：讲座什么时候结束 根据听力内容M: The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours. 海报上说下午三点半开始，持续一个半小时。可知选项At 5:00 pm.符合题意；故答案为 B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 The poster says it'll begin at 3:30 pm and lasts for one and a half hours. 来选出正确选项。
5．（2024高二下·南京期末） What do the speakers plan to do
A．Drive back home.
B．Stay at the airport.
C．Go to the airport hotel.
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Bad luck! The airport has been closed due to the snowstorm tonight.
W: Awful! But we can't drive back home in such bad weather. We have to stay at the airport lounge.
M: Don't worry, dear. The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there.
【分析】题意：说话者计划做什么 根据听力内容 The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there. 机场旅馆对延误的旅客是免费的。我们去那里吧。可知选项Go to the airport hotel.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键句 The airport hotel is free for the delayed passengers. Let's go there. 来选出正确选项。
二、第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
6．Why did Johnson miss the game
A．He got the time wrong.
B．He took swimming lessons.
C．He worked on his biology project.
7．What does the woman think of the game
A．Wonderful. B．Disappointing. C．Average.
【答案】6．C
7．A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；文娱体育类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Johnson, did you go to the basketball game on Friday I didn't see you.
M: No, I didn't. I really wanted to go, but I just couldn't make it.
W: How come You're always a big fan of basketball. Did your swimming lessons stop you from going to the game
M: No. I was busy with my biology project then.
W: What a shame! You missed a terrific game.
M: Oh, really Who won What was the score
W: Our school did. They played extremely well. The score was 101-98.
M: Wow, that was a really close game!
W: Sure. That's what made it so great. I was on the edge of my seat during the whole game.
【分析】这是一段谈论篮球比赛的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词terrific和关键句 I was busy with my biology project then.来选出正确选项。
6．题意：约翰逊为什么错过了这场比赛 根据听力内容 I was busy with my biology project then. 那时我正忙着我的生物项目。可知选项He worked on his biology project.符合题意；故答案为C。
7．题意：女士认为这个比赛怎么样 根据听力内容 What a shame! You missed a terrific game.太遗憾了!你错过了一场精彩的比赛。可知选项Wonderful.符合题意；故答案为A。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
8．How can the quality be ensured
A．By analyzing some samples.
B．By making production fully automatic.
C．By having all products inspected strictly.
9．How many units will be produced per month from October
A．1,200. B．1,000. C．980.
【答案】8．C
9．A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；日常生活类
【解析】【听力原文】M: Put on your helmet and uniforms, please. They can avoid getting your clothes dirty. Please mind your steps.
W: Thank you. Is the production line fully automatic
M: Oh, it's not all automatic.
W: Well, how do you control the quality
M: All products have to go through five checks in the whole process.
W: What's the monthly output
M: 1,000 units per month at present, but 1,200 units will be available from October.
W: What's the usual rate of factory seconds per month
M: About 2% in normal conditions.
W: That's amazing. Is that where the finished product comes out
M: Yes, let's take a break now and then move on.
【分析】这是一段参观生产车间时的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语 five checks 和关键句 but 1,200 units will be available from October.来选出正确选项。
8．题意：如何保证质量 根据听力内容 All products have to go through five checks in the whole
process. 所有产品在整个生产过程中得通过五道质量检查关。可知选项 By having all products
inspected strictly.符合题意；故答案为C。
9．题意：从10月份开始每月将生产多少件 根据听力内容 1,000 units per month at present, but
1,200 units will be available from October. 但从10月份起将供应1200件。可知选项1,200.符合题意；故答案为A。
（2024高二下·南京期末）听材料，回答问题。
10．What kind of book does the man want
A．A biography.
B．A fantasy book.
C．An adventure story.
11．Why does the woman buy books today
A．To complete her paper.
B．To prepare a birthday gift.
C．To learn more about a great man.
12．Which series of books will the woman take
A．Harry Potter.
B．The Lord of the Rings.
C．The Hunger Games.
【答案】10．A
11．B
12．C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；文学艺术类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Wow, it's really a big bookstore. What kind of book do you want to buy today
M: I'd like to get a book about Abraham Lincoln's life. I'm really interested in learning more about the great man.
W: It must be helpful for you to complete your paper.
M: You're right. And you
W: I'm looking for some fantasy books.
M: You must love this kind of book very much.
W: Not really. Adventure stories are my favorite. Actually I need books for my younger brother. He is turning fourteen this weekend.
M: How about buying the Harry Potter series for him
W: He read those books two years ago, but he hasn't read The Lord of the Rings and The Hunger Games yet.
M: Will you buy both of the series for him
W: No. Just the latter. I don't have so much money today.
【分析】朋友两个书店买书时的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语 the latter 和关键句 He is turning fourteen this weekend.来选出正确选项。
10．题意：这位男士想要什么样的书 根据听力内容 : I'd like to get a book about Abraham Lincoln's
life. 我想买一本关于亚伯拉罕·林肯生平的书。可知选项A biography.符合题意；故答案为A。
11．题意：女士今天为什么买书 根据听力内容 Actually I need books for my younger brother. He is
turning fourteen this weekend. 事实上，我需要给我弟弟买书。这个周末他就要满十四岁了。可知选项To prepare a birthday gift.符合题意；故答案为B。
12．题意： 这位女士将买走哪一系列的书 根据听力内容W: He read those books two years ago, but
he hasn't read The Lord of the Rings and The Hunger Games yet. 他两年前读过这些书，但他还没有读过《指环王》和《饥饿游戏》。Just the latter. I don't have so much money today.只是后者。我今天没有那么多钱。可知选项The Hunger Games.符合题意；故答案为C。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
13．What is the man doing
A．Having an interview.
B．Applying for a job.
C．Discussing a program.
14．What do we know about the man's mother
A．She was a doctor.
B．She was a housewife.
C．She was a nurse.
15．What does the man do in his spare time
A．He reads books.
B．He goes cycling.
C．He works part-time.
16．Which school is the man's last choice
A．Yale. B．Stanford. C．Johns Hopkins.
【答案】13．A
14．B
15．B
16．C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达；长对话；日常生活类；学习教育类
【解析】【听力原文】W: Thanks for coming to Stanford today. Please take a seat. So, you want to come here for the medical program
M: Yes, very much so.
W: Where do you see yourself in ten years
M: I want to be a family doctor. I would love to have my own practice and establish long-lasting relationships with my patients and their families.
W: Why do you want to be a doctor
M: I've always been interested in medicine, and I want to do my best to help others.
W: Tell me about yourself. What was your childhood like and what led you to medicine
M: I grew up in a small town in Minnesota on a farm. My mom stayed home with us. She always wanted to be a nurse, but it never happened to her. My three sisters and I grew up milking cows and collecting eggs. My dad is a doctor, and I always loved hearing about his work at the hospital.
W: What do you like to do in your free time
M: I love biking. I also volunteer at an organization that helps kids learn to read.
W: What other schools have you applied to
M: Yale and Johns Hopkins. Stanford is my first choice.
W: What is your second choice
M: Yale.
W: All right. That's it for now. You'll be hearing from us soon!
【分析】这是一段大学申请的面试。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词 biking 和关键句My mom stayed home with us.来选出正确选项。
13．题意：男士在做什么 根据听力内容W: Thanks for coming to Stanford today. Please take a seat.
So, you want to come here for the medical program 谢谢你今天来斯坦福大学。请坐。那么你想来这里学习医学课程 可知选项Having an interview.符合题意；故答案为A。
14．题意：关于男士的母亲，我们知道些什么 根据听力内容 My mom stayed home with us. She
always wanted to be a nurse, but it never happened to her. 我妈妈和我们呆在家里。她一直想成为一名护士，但这从未发生在她身上。可知选项She was a housewife.符合题意；故答案为B。
15．题意：男士在业余时间做什么 根据听力内容 I love biking. 我喜欢骑自行车。 可知选项He goes
cycling.符合题意；故答案为B。
16．题意：哪所学校是男士最后的选择 根据听力内容M: Yale and Johns Hopkins. Stanford is my first
choice. 耶鲁大学和约翰霍普金斯大学。斯坦福是我的第一选择。W: What is your second choice 你的第二选择是什么 M: Yale.耶鲁大学。可知选项Johns Hopkins.符合题意；故答案为C。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What is the talk mainly about
A．Outdoor courses. B．Traveling plans. C．School activities.
18．What does "Nature" aim at helping students do
A．Acquire survival skills.
B．Learn about wildlife.
C．Improve maths scores.
19．What will the students learn to do this time
A．Make a birdhouse. B．Design backpacks. C．Feed birds.
20．How long will the students spend in "Nature" in total
A．12 hours. B．24 hours. C．36 hours.
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．A
20．C
【知识点】时文广告类；独白；学习教育类
【解析】【听力原文】M: Hello, everyone. My name's Ben. I'm from a group called "Nature". We run courses for young people like you during weekends. Now I'd like to tell you about the courses you can do on Saturday mornings. You can learn a lot about things like science and maths at school. These courses are really about giving you students the chance to come and find out wildlife. Taking part in our activities means you get to do all sorts of things including building a fire, which you wouldn't normally be allowed to do at home. While you're with us, we'll also show you how to make things out of different materials. On the last course, everyone designed backpacks which they were very pleased with. This time we'd get you to design and make a birdhouse. When it is finished, you can take it home and show it to your family. We think you'll really enjoy this. Now, we'd like you to come and do some activities with us. You spend three hours each week with us and the courses last for 12 weeks. That might sound a long time, but we think you'll not be sorry when it's over. Now, any questions
【分析】这是一个"自然"的组织对他们周六上午开设的课程的介绍。
【点评】考查长对话独白。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键短语make a birdhouse和关键句These courses are really about giving you students the chance to
come and find out wildlife.来选出正确选项。
17．题意：这篇演讲主要讲了什么 根据听力内容My name's Ben. I'm from a group called "Nature".
We run courses for young people like you during weekends. 我叫本。我来自一个叫"自然"的组织。我们在周末为像你这样的年轻人开设课程。 可知选项Outdoor courses.符合题意；故答案为A。
18．题意：《自然》旨在帮助学生做什么 根据听力内容These courses are really about giving you
students the chance to come and find out wildlife. 这些课程实际上是给你们学生一个机会来发现野生动物。可知选项Learn about wildlife.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：这次学生们将学习做什么 根据听力内容This time we'd get you to design and make a
birdhouse. 这次我们会让你设计并制作一个鸟舍。 可知选项Make a birdhouse.符合题意；故答案为A。
20．题意：学生们在"自然"课上总共花多长时间 根据听力内容You spend three hours each week with
us and the courses last for 12 weeks. 你每周花三个小时和我们在一起，课程持续12周。可知选项36 hours.符合题意；故答案为C。
三、第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5 分，满分37.5分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Be a Beekeeper fora Day!
Learn about the fascinating world of honey bees in a way that few get to experience:
●Your tour, led by a professional beekeeper, will include suiting up in protective gear, lighting a bee smoker, and getting up close with more than 100,000 bees.
●Guided tours include protective gear and select drinks.
●Any children under the age of 18 must be accompanied by at least one paid adult.
Price Starting at $35 Ages 13+: $50 Ages 6-12: $35
Time Saturdays
Duration
1.5 Hours
Place Two Hives Honey Ranch
Things to know:
Ensure you rive a few minutes before your start time to sign waivers(豁免协议) and get signed in.
Tours are weather dependent, so if the forecast calls for rain, please watch your email 24 – 48 hours before in case we need to cancel/reschedule.
What to bring:
We will have a variety of protective gear for all of you. Please follow the guidelines:
◆Closed-toe shoes that cover the ankle are required.
◆Wear long pants and a long sleeve top. Try to stick to lighter colors on top.
◆Choose clothing that is loose fitting - nothing especially tight!
◆Avoid using materials that are hairy or made from sweater type materials.
◆Please avoid using any perfumes(香水)or creams - the bees are not fans of our smell.
21．What is the text
A．A student's scientific report.
B．A user guide for keeping bees.
C．An introduction to a scenic spot.
D．An advertisement for a special tour.
22．If the weather doesn't permit, what should participants do
A．Reschedule for another day.
B．Check the email box in advance.
C．Cancel their participation immediately.
D．Prepare rain gear for better experience.
23．Which of the following is allowed during the tour
A．Being dressed in light-colored clothing.
B．Wearing sweaters that are loose fitting,
C．Using sunscreen with pleasant smells.
D．Exploring independently at the age of 15.
【答案】21．D
22．B
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了关于去养蜂场参观学习的相关事项。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题和细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．推理判断题。根据 Learn about the fascinating world of honey bees in a way that few get to
experience: ●Your tour, led by a professional beekeeper, will include suiting up in protective gear, lighting a bee smoker, and getting up close with more than 100,000 bees. ●Guided
tours include protective gear and select drinks.以一种很少有人能体验到的方式了解蜜蜂的迷人世界:●在专业养蜂人的带领下，您将穿上防护装备，点燃蜜蜂烟，并与超过10万只蜜蜂近距离接触。●导游服务包括防护装备和精选饮料。可知这篇文章是关于一次特别旅行的广告；故答案为 D。
22．细节理解题。根据 Tours are weather dependent, so if the forecast calls for rain, please watch
your email 24 – 48 hours before in case we need to cancel/reschedule.旅游取决于天气，所以如果天气预报说有雨，请在24 - 48小时前查看您的电子邮件，以防我们需要取消或重新安排。可知如果天气不允许，参加者要提前检查邮箱；故答案为B 。
23．细节理解题。根据◆Wear long pants and a long sleeve top. Try to stick to lighter colors on top.穿长裤和长袖上衣。尽量在上面是浅色的。◆Choose clothing that is loose fitting - nothing
especially tight!选择宽松的衣服——不要太紧! 可知在参观期间，参加者可以穿着浅色的衣服；故答案为A 。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On November 2, 2021, my friend Lou messaged me with a challenge: "Amy and I are not buying any new clothes for a year…" My immediate reply was, "Definitely!" This might not be what people who know me would expect. As a child, I once invited a girl to my birthday party just because I had seen her in a beautiful dress. My love for fashion has continued into adulthood.
However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry: it's highly polluting. There's also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping(丢弃) unwanted clothing in other regions.
So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes.
The year pushed me to embrace better habits. I've always enjoyed looking for second-hand items, but when my only pair of trainers broke in an unfixable way, I urgently needed a replacement. The Vinted app helped me find one almost as quickly as buying new.
I put more effort into making clothes. You quickly realize the labor involved once you start making shorts by yourself. Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler(修鞋匠), only to be told it'd be "cheaper to buy new".
Even though the year is officially over, I'm hoping to carry on with what I've learned. I'm trying to consume less overall, with a one in, one out' rule with clothes. I've been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30 wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions(排放) created to make a piece of clothing).
These approaches are what work. for me. But there are loads of different ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes!
24．Why did the author accept the challenge of not buying clothes for one year
A．She accepted the challenge to satisfy her friend.
B．She was concerned about the threat of fashion industry.
C．She thought this would solve the problem of pollution.
D．She had had enough of her deep connection with fashion.
25．How did the author feel when told it would be "cheaper to buy new"
A．Shocked. B．Discouraged. C．Frightened. D．Confused.
26．What does the number "30"in paragraph 6 mean
A．The author has been sticking to a 30-item clothing limit.
B．A piece of clothing of good quality can be worm at least 30 times.
C．The author would wear a piece of clothing 30 times for environmental reasons.
D．If a piece of clothing was worn 30 times, no carbon emission would be produced.
27．What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A．Suggestions the author gives to readers.
B．The role of friends in achieving success.
C．Uniqueness of the author's own experience.
D．The change in the way the author views fashion.
【答案】24．B
25．B
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了与朋友结合起来从穿戴上减少碳排放为环境保护做贡献。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
24．推理判断题。根据 However, I am also aware of the significant issues in the fashion industry:
it's highly polluting. There's also the problem of waste, with the West often dumping(丢弃)
unwanted clothing in other regions.So, when the invitation appeared, it seemed like the
perfect opportunity to reset my relationship with clothes.然而，我也意识到时尚行业的重大问题:它的高污染。还有一个浪费的问题，西方经常把不需要的衣服丢弃在其他地区。所以，当邀请函出现的时候，这似乎是一个重塑我与服装关系的绝佳机会。可知她担心时装业对环境的威胁；故答案为 B。
25．推理判断题。根据Besides, removing the ease of buying new pushed me towards fixing instead
, though a low point was taking a much-loved pair of shoes to a cobbler(修鞋匠), only to be
told it'd be "cheaper to buy new". 此外，买新鞋不再那么容易，促使我转而去修理，尽管有一次我把一双非常喜欢的鞋拿到补鞋店，却被告知"买新鞋更便宜"。可知作者当时很泄气的；故答案为B 。
26．细节理解题。根据 I've been noting down what clothes I wear each day, and whether I get 30
wears out of it (said to be the amount of times necessary to balance out the carbon emissions(排放) created to make a piece of clothing).我一直在记录我每天穿的衣服，以及我是否穿了30次(据说这是平衡制造一件衣服所产生的碳排放所需的时间)。可知出于环境原因，作者会将一件衣服穿30次；故答案为C 。
27．主旨大意题。根据 These approaches are what work. for me. But there are loads of different
ways to do a fashion challenge. How useful, challenging, or appealing an approach sounds will vary from individual to individual. Whatever you do, roping in friends is recommended. They keep you motivated; they can also share ideas, and possibly clothes! 这些方法对我很有效。但是有很多不同的方式来挑战时尚。一种方法可能听起来很有用、也很有挑战性、并且很吸引人，但是因人而异。无论你做什么，建议你拉拢朋友。他们让你保持动力;他们还可以分享想法，可能还可以分享衣服 可知 作者给读者的建议；故答案为A 。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Have you ever forgotten a lunch date and stood up a good friend This can be embarrassing and might indicate that your memory isn't as sharp as before. How can we improve our memory According to Charan Ranganath's book, Why We Remember, there are many strategies.
Taking good care of our physical bodies will improve our brain health generally, and so improve memory, says Ranganath. But we can also use the nature of memory to make certain memories stand out.
Events are more memorable when they are novel. So, if we want to draw on a memory later, we can focus more on unexpected things in an experience. For example, going to a new restaurant with your partner will make the experience more memorable than going to one where you often dine.
When it comes to learning, we can use special tricks. For example, we can use the phrase "King Philip came over for good spaghetti(意大利面)" to remember biological classification: kingdom(界), phylum(门), class(纲), order(目), family(科), genus(属), species(种).
However, memory is not just about recalling. It is subjective and can change over time because our brains reconstruct memories each time we recall them. "Each time we revisit the past in our minds, we bring present information that can invisibly, and even dramatically change our memories," says Ranganath.
Factors like how recently something happened, how much something is repeated, and how we are feeling at the time will change how well we recall a memory. Also, the people around us can affect our memory for an event, by either sharing their own memory or by their expectations of how an event should be remembered. That's why two people witnessing a street fight may see different things occurring, but eventually come to have similar memories about what happened. Their memories influence each other, more so if they talk it through after the fact.
While we can use our memory to remember important lessons from life, we must also be humble. By understanding the way memory works, we can learn to strengthen it for the things we need to know and to avoid some of the pitfalls.
28．Which of the following actions can enhance the memorability of an event
A．Repeating a familiar routine.
B．Experiencing something new.
C．Engaging in physical activities.
D．Focusing on everyday occurrences.
29．Why does the author mention "King Pilip came over for good spaghetti
A．To highlight the unreliability of our memory.
B．To illustrate how easily memories are forgotten.
C．To demonstrate a memory aid technique for recalling.
D．To help readers remember the order of biological classification.
30．What can we learn about the process of recalling memories from paragraph 6
A．Memories change our feelings when recalled.
B．Memories remain permanently fixed over time.
C．Memories become more detailed with recalling.
D．Memories may change after the event is discussed.
31．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Why do we forget important dates
B．How do we reconstruct memory over time
C．How can we improve and understand our memory
D．Why do we remember certain events more than others
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．D
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了我们如何提高和理解我们的记忆的方法和技巧。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
28．推理判断题。根据 Events are more memorable when they are novel. So, if we want to draw on
a memory later, we can focus more on unexpected things in an experience. For example, going to a new restaurant with your partner will make the experience more memorable than going to one where you often dine.新奇的事情更容易让人记住。所以，如果我们以后想要利用一段记忆，我们可以更多地关注一次经历中意想不到的事情。例如，和你的伴侣一起去一家新的餐馆会比去你们经常去的餐馆更令人难忘。可知体验新事物可以增强事件的可记忆性；故答案为B 。
29．细节理解题。根据When it comes to learning, we can use special tricks. For example, we can
use the phrase "King Philip came over for good spaghetti(意大利面)" to remember biological
classification: kingdom(界), phylum(门), class(纲), order(目), family(科), genus(属), species(种). 在学习方面，我们可以使用特殊的技巧。例如，我们可以用"菲利普国王来吃好吃的意大利面"来记住生物学分类:王国(界)、门(门)、纲(纲)、目(目)、科(科)、属(属)、种(种)。可知举这个例子是为了演示一种帮助回忆的记忆技术；故答案为C 。
30．推理判断题。根据 Factors like how recently something happened, how much something is
repeated, and how we are feeling at the time will change how well we recall a memory. Also, the people around us can affect our memory for an event, by either sharing their own memory or by their expectations of how an event should be remembered. That's why two people witnessing a street fight may see different things occurring, but eventually come to have similar memories about what happened. Their memories influence each other, more so if they talk it through after the fact.诸如最近发生的事情，重复的次数，以及我们当时的感受等因素会改变我们回忆记忆的程度。此外，我们周围的人也会影响我们对一件事的记忆，要么是通过分享他们自己的记忆，要么是通过他们对如何记住一件事的期望。这就是为什么目睹街头斗殴的两个人可能会看到不同的事情发生，但最终会对发生的事情有相似的记忆。他们的记忆会相互影响，如果他们事后谈论这件事，影响会更大。可知从第6段中我们可以了解到回忆的过程是：在事件被讨论后，记忆可能会改变；故答案为D 。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段Have you ever forgotten a lunch date and stood up a good friend
This can be embarrassing and might indicate that your memory isn't as sharp as before. How can we improve our memory According to Charan Ranganath's book, Why We Remember,
there are many strategies.你是否曾经忘记了午餐约会而放了好朋友的鸽子 这可能很尴尬，可能表明你的记忆力不如以前那么敏锐了。我们怎样才能提高我们的记忆力 根据Charan Ranganath的书《为什么我们记得》，有很多策略。和最后一段While we can use our memory to remember
important lessons from life, we must also be humble. By understanding the way memory works, we can learn to strengthen it for the things we need to know and to avoid some of the pitfalls. 虽然我们可以用记忆来记住生活中的重要教训，但我们也必须谦虚。通过了解记忆的工作方式，我们可以学会加强记忆，记住我们需要知道的事情，避免一些陷阱。可知这篇文章主要介绍我们如何提高和理解我们的记忆 故答案为C 。
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The conventional language of career success moves in only one direction: up. If you really succeed, you reach the top. But there is another type of career path. Sideways moves without a promotion or a pay rise, can be a benefit to employees and organizations alike.
A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral(横向的) career opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees. When they decided whether to stay in the company or not, chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay. Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cormell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways.
The crab-like(螃蟹般的) career has other things going for it. One is that it is a good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills, employers are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the upper ranks of companies tend to be people whose capabilities are broad, not deep; that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. Along with skills come contacts. Transferring between teams usually means building a bigger internal network. Opening the door to more lateral moves is partly a practical matter. Some bigger employers have "internal talent marketplaces" in which employees can find and apply for jobs elsewhere in the company; smaller firms have fewer such opportunities to offer.
Embracing sideways movement also requires the right attitude. Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves, at the expense of workers and firms. And moving sideways still has less cachet(声望) than moving upwards. Most people find it not so easy to accept.
32．How does the author develop paragraph 2
A．By telling personal stories.
B．By providing research findings.
C．By comparing different career paths.
D．By making remarks on scientific reports.
33．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean
A．Lateral moves involve gaining new skills.
B．Lateral moves are mainly for networking purposes.
C．Transferring between teams leads to a larger network.
D．Contacts are more important than skills in lateral moves.
34．What do many managers think of lateral career moves
A．They are a way to keep talent within the company.
B．They are seen as a threat to the manager's own positions.
C．They could potentially lead to talent loss within the team.
D．They could contribute to the company's growth in the long run.
35．Who may embrace lateral moves
A．Bosses who value short-term profits.
B．Employees who are eager for more skills.
C．Managers who appreciate long-term stability.
D．Job hunters who are interested in smaller firms.
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．C
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了没有晋升或加薪的横向变动对员工和组织都有好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
32．细节理解题。根据 A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral(横向的) career
opportunities has a marked impact on keeping employees. When they decided whether to stay in the company or not, chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay. Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cormell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organizations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways.麻省理工学院的唐纳德 苏尔和他的合著者在2021年进行的一项研究发现，横向职业机会的可用性对留住员工有显著影响。当他们决定是否留在公司时，跳槽的机会比薪水重要2.5倍。南佛罗里达大学的金欣和康奈尔大学的迈克尔 沃尔德曼的另一篇论文得出结论，横向调动不仅对组织有利:经历过横向调动的员工比没有经历过横向调动的员工更有可能获得晋升，并且在以后的职业生涯中享有更高的工资增长。你可以先横向移动来向上移动。 可知作者通过提供研究结果来构成第二段；故答案为B 。
33．推理判断题。根据上文 Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the upper ranks of companies
tend to be people whose capabilities are broad, not deep; that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. 金和沃尔德曼的理由是，公司的高层往往是那些能力广而不深的人;这或许可以解释为什么横向调动有利于晋升。下文Transferring between teams usually
means building a bigger internal network. 团队之间的调动通常意味着建立一个更大的内部网络。可知第三段划线的句子是一个过渡句，它的意思是： 团队之间的转移会形成一个更大的网络；故答案为C 。
34．推理判断题。根据Lots of managers like to keep talent to themselves, at the expense of
workers and firms. 许多管理者喜欢把人才留给自己，而牺牲员工和公司的利益。可知许多管理者认为横向职业调动可能会导致团队内部的人才流失；故答案为C 。
35．推理判断题。根据The crab-like(螃蟹般的) career has other things going for it. One is that it is a
good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills, employers are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. 像螃蟹一样的职业生涯还有其他的事情要做。一是它是学习新事物的好方法。随着招聘过程越来越强调技能，雇主可能会相对不那么重视简历，而更看重你的技能。可知渴望获得更多技能的员工会接受横向调动；故答案为 B。
四、第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There's a belief that it is inadvisable to have plants in the bedroom. The concern is about how plants breathe. While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the opposite. 　36． 　 But to tell whether sharing our bedroom with our plants is a risk to health,
we have to consider three things.
　37． 　 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and even room temperature, Also, there's not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey's Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus(榕树) and yuccas(丝兰), when sealed(密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day.
Secondly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around
40.000ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 　38． 　 Also, consider this. Indoor plants grow in less light than they would ideally get in nature. So, they photosynthesize(光合作用) at a lower rate. This further reduces their impact on air quality.
Finally, it is obvious that we don't live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 　39． 　 Even our movements can influence its flow.
In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways.　40． 　 If sleeping near plants were bad for your health, camping in a forest would be definitely deadly.
A. Firstly, how do plants breathe at night
B. So enjoy houseplants whenever you like.
C. Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night
D. Camping can be a good escape if you are worried.
E. This means they compete with us for air when we sleep.
F. Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and windows.
G. So you might want to send your partner away before your plants.
【答案】36．E；37．C；38．G；39．F；40．B
【知识点】七选五；日常生活类；科普类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过一些科学实例论证了在家里养绿植不会污染空气。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
36．根据上文While plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the day, at night this is the
opposite. 白天，植物吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，而到了晚上，情况却恰恰相反。 可知空白处需要补充：晚上卧室里的植物会和人一起争夺屋子里的氧气； 选项This means they compete with us for
air when we sleep.这意味着它们在我们睡觉时与我们争夺空气。符合题意；故答案为E 。
37．根据下文 This is tricky to answer as it depends on everything from species to light levels and
even room temperature, Also, there's not much research on the exact measurements in indoor settings. Thankfully, in 2015, researchers at Turkey's Kastamonu University found that houseplants like ficus(榕树) and yuccas(丝兰), when sealed(密封) in glass boxes, absorb between six
and eight times as much CO2 in the day as they emit at night. This results in a significant net reduction over a full day.这个问题很难回答，因为它取决于各种因素，从物种到光照水平，甚至是室温。此外，关于室内环境中精确测量的研究也不多。值得庆幸的是，2015年，土耳其Kastamonu大学的研究人员发现，像无花果(榕树)和丝兰(丝兰)这样的室内植物，在密封(密封)在玻璃盒子里时，白天吸收的二氧化碳是夜间排放的6到8倍。这导致在一整天中显著的净减少。可知空白处需要主题句：晚上植物排除的二氧化碳比它白天吸收的二氧化碳多吗？ 选项 Firstly, do plants emit more CO2 at night 首先，植物在夜间排放更多的二氧化碳吗 符合题意；故答案为C 。
38．根据上文econdly, we should compare the impact of plants on air quality with that of other
potential competitors, such as a partner, A single human breath contains around 40.000
ppm of CO2, more than 10 times the effect a plant could have in 8 hours. 其次，我们应该比较植物对空气质量的影响与其他潜在的竞争对手，如合作伙伴，一个人的呼吸包含周围40000 ppm的二氧化碳，是植物在8小时内产生的二氧化碳的10倍多。可知空白处需要结论：你拿走卧室里的植物之前最好赶走污染空气更厉害的人； 项 So you might want to send your partner away before your
plants.所以你可能想在你的植物之前把你的伙伴打发走。符合题意；故答案为 G。
39．根据上文Finally, it is obvious that we don't live in the sealed boxes in which these studies are carried out. 最后，很明显，我们并不是生活在进行这些研究的封闭盒子里。以及下文 Even our movements can influence its flow.甚至我们的动作也会影响它的流动。可知空白处需要补充：我们生活的屋子里空气是流动的； 选项 Indoor air is constantly exchanged through doors and
windows.室内空气通过门窗不断交换。符合题意；故答案为F 。
40．根据上文In conclusion, the plant effect in our homes is very small in many ways. 总之，在很多方面，我们家中的植物效应是非常小的。可知空白处需要结论：你可以开心在家养绿植； 选项So enjoy houseplants whenever you like.所以，随时享受室内植物吧。符合题意；故答案为B 。
五、第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You keep secrets from each other; you keep secrets from yourselves. Secrets 41． you; secrets drive you apart. Keeping a secret can be a burden, while sharing secrets can be a 42． , whether it's with your old friend or a supportive family member.
For children, learning to keep secrets is a(n) 43． milestone. In one study, researchers asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a secret about a surprise. 44． to do the two tasks connected strongly with each other, and with the kids' social cognition(认知). At three, the kids were fairly 45． at these tasks. By the age of five, most children can keep a secret, their cognitive development 46． the demands of this task.
For adults, this is 47． behavior. " 48． all adults of normal intellectual and psychological functioning do keep personal secrets at one time or another," writes Anita E. Kelly, author of The Psychology of Secrets.
Yet 49． ages and cultures, multiple studies show the personal health 50． of sharing your private hopes and fears with trusted friend--and the corresponding 51． of keeping some secrets entirely to yourself.
Truly 52． relationships depend on really seeing another person, which means knowing the deep reaches that not everyone has access to. However, we can never completely merge with (融入) another, nor should we — being an adult requires 53． healthy boundaries — but sharing these soft parts of ourselves allows others to love us, just as 54． others' secrets allows us to love them. The sweet spot is to 55． more of the secrets than we feel comfortable with. But never all of them.
41．A． separate B． bond C． secure D． fail
42．A． relief B． bonus C． routine D． link
43．A． operational B． educational
C． professional D． developmental
44．A． Orders B． Chances
C． Abilities D． Qualifications
45．A． fearless B． hopeless C． selfless D． careless
46．A． showing B． dismissing
C． matching D． contradicting
47．A． expected B． ignored C． puzzled D． attracted
48．A． Barely B． Partly C． Precisely D． Virtually
49．A． behind B． across C． within D． through
50．A． benefits B． relationships
C． condition D． system
51．A． panic B． potential C． reward D． harm
52．A． close B． distant C． intense D． dynamic
53．A． extending B． breaking C． maintaining D． challenging
54．A． defining B． accepting C． translating D． revealing
55．A． guard B． share C． bury D． convey
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．D；44．C；45．B；46．C；47．A；48．D；49．B；50．A；51．D；52．A；53．C；54．B；55．B
【知识点】日常生活类；社会现象类；社会文化类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。通过举例论述了我们应该分享我们心中的秘密，这样有利于我们的健康。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 秘密把你绑在一起;秘密会把你们分开。 根据上文You keep secrets from each other; you
keep secrets from yourselves. 你们对彼此保守秘密;你们对自己保守秘密。 可知秘密将你们结合在一起；A： separate分开；B： bond与……黏合；C： secure使安全；D： fail辜负，使失望；故答案为B 。
42．句意：保守秘密可能是一种负担，而分享秘密可能是一种解脱，无论是与你的老朋友还是支持你的家人。根据句意"保守秘密可能是一种负担"，以及选项A： relief宽慰，轻松；B： bonus意外收获；C： routine常规，惯例；D： link 联系，关系； 可知作者认为分享秘密会让人决定轻松；故答案为 A。
43．句意： 对孩子来说，学会保守秘密是一个发展的里程碑。 根据下文 In one study, researchers
asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a secret about
a surprise. 在一项研究中，研究人员让三岁、四岁和五岁的孩子玩捉迷藏，并对惊喜保密。 By the
age of five, most children can keep a secret,到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，可知孩子学会保守秘密也是一个重要的发展过程；A： operational操作；B： educational教育；C： professional专业；D： developmental发展；故答案为 D。
44．句意：完成这两项任务的能力彼此密切相关，也与孩子的社会认知密切相关。根据上文In one study,
researchers asked kids who were three, four, and five to play hide-and-seek and to keep a
secret about a surprise. 在一项研究中，研究人员让三岁、四岁和五岁的孩子玩捉迷藏，并对惊喜保密。 可知对孩子们来说"捉迷藏"和"保守秘密"是两个很需要能力来完成的任务；A： Orders命令；B： Chances机会；C： Abilities能力；D： Qualifications资历；故答案为C 。
45．句意：三岁时，孩子们在这些任务上几乎毫无希望。根据下文By the age of five, most children can
keep a secret, 到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，可知三岁的孩子太小在这两个任务上都失败了，他们的能力完成这样的任务是无望的；A：fearless无所畏惧；B：hopeless绝望，无望；C：selfless无私；D：careless粗心大意；故答案为B 。
46．句意：到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，他们的认知发展与这项任务的要求相匹配。根据句意"到五岁时，大多数孩子都能保守秘密，" 可知大点儿他们的认知能力也提高了，这刚好与这个任务要求的能力向匹配；A：showing显示；B：dismissing否定；C：matching匹配；D：contradicting矛盾；故答案为C 。
47．句意： 对于成年人来说，这是意料之中的行为。根据上文句意"他们的认知发展与这项任务的要求相匹配" 可知这样的能力要求对成人来说是意料之中的是；A： expected意料中的；B： ignored忽略的；C： puzzled迷惑的；D： attracted被吸引的；故答案为A 。
48．句意：《秘密心理学》一书的作者安妮塔·e·凯利写道:"事实上，所有智力和心理功能正常的成年人都或多或少地保守过个人秘密。"根据句意"所有智力和心理功能正常的成年人都或多或少地保守过个人秘密。" 可知这是事实；A： Barely几乎不，几乎没有；B： Partly部分地；C： Precisely精确地，准确地；D： Virtually 事实上，几乎；故答案为 D。
49．句意： 然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。 根据句意"多项研究表明" 可知专家们在不同年龄和不同文化上都做了研究；A： behind后面；B： across在……上；C： within在……之内；D： through 穿过，从一端到另一端；故答案为B 。
50．句意：然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。根据上文第二空所在句意"保守秘密可能是一种负担，而分享秘密可能是一种解脱，无论是与你的老朋友还是支持你的家人。" 可知分享秘密对人健康有利；A： benefits利益，好处；B： relationships人际关系；C： condition状况，状态；D： system系统；故答案为A 。
51．句意：然而，在不同的年龄和文化背景上，多项研究表明，与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益，而将一些秘密完全保密则会带来相应的危害。根据句意"与值得信赖的朋友分享你的私人希望和恐惧对个人健康有益" 可知反之一味地保守秘密会给自己增加压力，造成身体地伤害；A： panic恐慌；B： potential潜力；C： reward奖励；D： harm伤害；故答案为D 。
52．句意： 真正亲密的关系依赖于真正理解另一个人，这意味着知道不是每个人都能到达的深处。 根据句意"依赖于真正理解另一个人" 以及选项A： close亲密的；B： distant冷淡的；C： intense严肃紧张的；D： dynamic充满活力的，精力充沛的；可知这里指是人际间的亲密关系；故答案为 A。
53．句意：然而，我们永远不可能完全与融入另一个人，我们也不应该成为一个需要保持健康界限的成年人，而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们，就像接受别人的秘密可以让我们爱他们一样。根据句意"而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们" 可知作者认为成人没必要维持增加的那道严格的心理防线；A： extending扩展；B： breaking突破；C： maintaining维持；D： challenging挑战；故答案为 C。
54．句意：然而，我们永远不可能完全与融入另一个人，我们也不应该成为一个需要保持健康界限的成年人，而是应该分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们，就像接受别人的秘密可以让我们爱他们一样。根据句意"分享我们自己的这些柔软部分可以让别人爱我们" ，可知接受别人的秘密让我们爱他们也是一样的；A： defining定义；B： accepting接受；C： translating翻译；D： revealing揭示；故答案为B 。
55．句意：最好的方式是分享更多我们觉得不舒服的秘密。根据下文But never all of them. 但绝不是全部。可知作者建议我们分享自己的秘密时还是需要稍作保留；A： guard保护，维护；B： share分享；C： bury埋葬；D： convey传达；故答案为B 。
六、第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2024高二下·南京期末） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild, edible(可食的) spring plant--or chuncai in Chinese--have gained considerable attention from Chinese consumers this spring, as eating chuncai has become a way 　56． 　(welcome) and celebrate the season.
In major grocery markets, 　57． 　 wild vegetables are visible on stalls(摊位), prices vary up to dozens of yuan per kilogram."　58． 　 they are more expensive than ordinary vegetables, they sell out before 10 am every day. They are seasonal delicacies," said a stall owner in Nanjing, Jiangsu.
According to a report 　59． 　(release) by the JD Research Institute, over 50 types of chuncai are on sale 　60． 　 e-commerce platforms. The consumers are mainly in big cities 　61． 　 most were born between 1980 and 1999.
People's 　62． 　(enthusiastic) for wild vegetables is contributing to a boom in the agritainment(农家乐), with huge numbers traveling to enjoy a taste of spring.
Lin Yunli, who 　63． 　(run) a bed-and-breakfast in the suburban Yanqing district of Beijing, has received an 　64． 　(increase) number of tourists since the beginning of spring. "We updated our menu by adding wild vegetable 　65． 　(dish), and they are popular among the guests," said Lin. "Various wild vegetables grow near my house, and guests can take them home."
【答案】56．to welcome；57．where；58．Although/Though/While；59．released；60．on；61．and；62．enthusiasm；63．runs/is running；64．increasing；65．dishes
【知识点】新闻报道类；社会现象类；社会文化类；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了人们喜欢品尝春天的野菜，因此带动了农家乐的兴起。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意： 今年春天，野生的、可食用的春菜受到了中国消费者的极大关注，因为吃春菜已经成为欢迎和庆祝这个季节的一种方式。 根据分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，名词 way后面常接不定式作定语， 可知空白处需要动词welcome 的不定式形式 to welcome；故答案为to welcome 。
57．句意：在主要的杂货市场，摊位上随处可见野菜，价格高达每公斤几十元。根据分析句子结构空白处需要关系副词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为markets； 可知空白处需要关系副词 where；故答案为 where。
58．句意："虽然它们比普通蔬菜贵，但每天早上10点前就卖光了。它们是时令美食，"江苏南京的一个摊主说。根据句意"它们比普通蔬菜贵"和"每天早上10点前就卖光了。" 可知这两个句子之间是转折关系，空白处需要让步状语从句的引导词Although/Though/While ；故答案为Although/Though/While 。
59．句意：根据京东研究院发布的一份报告，电商平台上销售的春菜超过50种。根据分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，名词 report与动词release 之间是被动关系， 可知空白处需要动词release 的过去分词形式released ；故答案为released 。
60．句意：根据京东研究院发布的一份报告，电商平台上销售的春菜超过50种。根据分析句子结构空白处需要介词表示"在……上"，考查了短语：on the platforms(在站台上：指在火车、地铁、公交等交通工具的站台上)引申用法， 可知空白处需要介词on ；故答案为 on。
61．句意：消费者主要在大城市，大多数出生于1980年至1999年之间。根据句意"消费者主要在大城市"和"大多数出生于1980年至1999年之间" 可知这两个句子之间是并列关系，空白处需要并列连词and ；故答案为 and。
62．句意：人们对野菜的热情促成了农家乐的繁荣，大量的人前往那里享受春天的味道。根据名词所有格People's 后面要接名词； 可知空白处需要形容词enthusiastic 的名词形式enthusiasm ；故答案为enthusiasm 。
63．句意：林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店，自入春以来，他接待的游客越来越多。根据 分析句子结构空白处需要谓语，主从句时态要一致，主句谓语has received 是现在完成时态形式，可知空白处需要表示现在的时态，再根据句意"林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店"可知该句可以用动词run一般现在时态形式runs（表示习惯的），也可以用动词run 现在进行时形式is running（表示一直在经营，从未停止） ；故答案为 runs/is running。
64．句意：林云丽在北京延庆郊区经营一家"住宿加早餐"旅店，自入春以来，他接待的游客越来越多。根据 分析句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，表示"正在不断的增加"可知空白处需要动词increase 的现在分词形式increasing ；故答案为 increasing。
65．句意：林说:"我们更新了菜单，增加了野菜，它们在客人中很受欢迎。我家附近生长着各种野菜，客人可以把它们带回家。" 根据名词 dish在文章中指"一道菜" 是可数名词，以及句意"增加了野菜"可知不止一道野菜，空白处需要名词dish 的复数形式dishes ；故答案为 dishes。
七、第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)
66．（2024高二下·南京期末）假定你是李华，下周你校将迎来一组美国中学生参观交流，校学生会现招募文化使者(Cultural Ambassadors)，负贵陪同接待，请你用英文写一封自荐信。内容包括:
1) 表达参与意愿;
2) 介绍个人优势。
注意：
1) 写作词数应为80左右;
2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Student Union,
Best regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Student Union,
I am writing to express my keen interest in becoming a cultural ambassador for the upcoming visit of the American high school students.
As a fluent English speaker with a passion for cultural exchange, I am confident in my ability to make our guests feel welcome and provide them with an insightful experience of our culture. I am also known for my friendly and outgoing personality, which I believe will help facilitate meaningful interactions.
I would be really honored if I could contribute to the success of this great event. (90 words)
Best Regards,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文求职信。要求考生以李华 的身份写一封邮件申请担任校学生会的文化使者(Cultural Ambassadors)。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：写信的目的，申请担任校学生会的文化使者；
第二段：介绍个人优势；
第三段：自己的期望与决心。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构As a fluent English speaker with a passion for cultural exchange, I am confident in my ability to make our guests feel welcome and provide them with an insightful experience of our culture. （运用了with的复合结构，非谓语作定语和宾语从句）， I am also known for my friendly and outgoing personality, which I believe will help facilitate meaningful interactions. （ 运用了非限制性定语从句），I would be really honored if I could contribute to the success of this great
event. （运用了条件状语从句），让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇 keen，upcoming， insightful ，和固定短语 be confident in，be known for ，contribute to ，提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
八、第二节 (满分25分)
67．（2024高二下·南京期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Chad was a friend I met at summer camp. And we love telling corny(老套的) food jokes. "You know what kind of fish you put on a sandwich " Chad said. "A jellyfish(水母, jelly也有果酱的意思)!" "That was bad," I laughed. "You know why the bread dough(面团) was sad It just wanted to be kneaded (揉,音同needed)" "Wow, that was even worse." Chad laughed back.
Joking and laughing with Chad was turning out to be one of my favorite parts of camp. But a couple of days later, his joking around got confusing.
"Hey," he said, "did you forget your eyeglasses today " I shook my head. "I don't wear glasses."
"I just figured you couldn't see very well," he said. "The friendship bracelet(手链) you're making looks so ugly, you should call it an enemy bracelet. Get it "
"Oh, ha! Yeah," I said in a confused, not-exactly-laughing kind of way. But before I had a chance to stop and think about how those words actually made me feel, it was time to move on to the next activity.
That night, when it was lights-out time, I lay awake, feeling not good. Half of my brain was thinking, "Chad was just joking around; don't take it so hard." But the other half of my brain was thinking, "Those bracelet comments felt more mean than fun. I knew that truly funny things shouldn't make my stomach hurt."
The next day, Chad made another one of his "jokes" on the field. "Amy must think we're playing golf instead of basketball," he paused and smiled. Seeing my confusion, Chad said that each time Amy got the ball, it would just roll on the ground."
"Chad" I said. "I don't think it's funny." "Why What happened to your sense of humor " he asked.
I took a deep breath and decided to tell him my true feeling.
After a moment of heavy silence, Chad's response came.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
I took a deep breath and decided to tell him my true feeling."Hey, Chad, I guess, we might have different ideas of what's funny," I began, my voice steady despite the butterflies in my stomach. I continued to explain that I did love our food jokes, but I didn't think that ‘enemy bracelet' comment was funny. I also mentioned the incident with Amy, emphasizing that it felt like he was making fun of her, not the situation. "Basically, I think laughing with people is way more fun than laughing at them." (84 words)
Paragraph 2:
After a moment of heavy silence, Chad's response came. "You're right. I didn't realize my jokes could be hurtful. I'm sorry," he admitted, his eyes reflecting a newfound understanding. A wave of relief washed over me as I responded, "I appreciate your apology, Chad. Let's go back to the jokes that make everyone laugh, alright " His smile slowly returned, genuine and beautiful. From that day on, our friendship was once again filled with laughter and the rest of the summer camp was a mix of activities and joy, just the way it was meant to be. (87 words)
【知识点】读后续写；日常生活类；故事阅读类；学习教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者与查德在夏令营中相识大家在关于食物的笑话中产生了友谊。但查德后来对作者手工手镯的差评以及对艾米打篮球的嘲笑，让作者感到查德的幽默有点伤人；于是作者找查德谈论了幽默应该让大家都高兴，开心，而不能伤害人。查德接受了作者的建议并向作者道歉了，他们又开始了快乐的夏令营活动。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我深吸了一口气，决定告诉他我的真实感受。"可知，第一段可描写作者很真诚淡定的告诉查德自己对幽默的理解；查德听得很认真。②由第二段首句内容"一阵沉痛的沉默之后，查德的回答来了。"可知，第二段可描写作者的话得到了查德得认可，他向作者道歉并从此改变了自己得幽默方式，让大家都开心起来。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：
"Hey, Chad, I guess, we might have different ideas of what's funny," I began, my voice steady despite the butterflies in my stomach.运用了直接引语； I continued to explain that I did love
our food jokes, but I didn't think that ‘enemy bracelet' comment was funny. 运用了宾语从句，并列句；A wave of relief washed over me as I responded, "I appreciate your apology,
Chad. Let's go back to the jokes that make everyone laugh, alright " 运用了时间状语从句，祈使句和限制性定语从句。
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