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Lesson 4
Don’t Smoke, Please !
Unit 1 Stay Healthy
同学们, 上一课学习的单词、短语和句型你们都掌握了吗 现在大家来检验一下, 点击下面的音频开始听写吧！
课文呈现
THINK ABOUT IT
·Do you know when World No Tobacco Day is
·Do people in your family smoke/sm k/ ① If so, what do you advise them to do
体裁: 议论文
标题: 点明中心, 即归纳文章的中心思想。
温馨提示：此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。
课文呈现
Smoking is a bad habit. As a student, you should never smoke.
Why is smoking harmful /'hɑ mfl/ ②
·Smoking is bad for your health. It can cause diseases /d 'zi z z/ of the heart and lungs /l z/. ③ Every year, millions of people around the world die as a result of smoking. ④ That's terrible!
为以下部分的主题句, 围绕该问题列举吸烟的害处。
课文呈现
·If you smoke, you harm /hɑ m/ yourself, but you're also harming the people around you with your second -hand smoke.
·Smoking pollutes the environment, too. Everyone wants to live in a clean environment and breathe /bri / fresh air. In many countries, smoking in public /'p bl k/ places is now against the law /l /. ⑤
课文呈现
What should we do
·Never touch cigarettes /s ɡ 'rets/. Whenever /wen'ev / someone offers you a cigarette, you should always say no. ⑥ Don't take that risk /r sk/. ⑦
·When somebody /'s mb d / talks about smoking, change the topic. ⑧
·If your family members smoke, encourage them to stop smoking. It will be hard for them, but you should try explaining how important it is for their health. ⑨
该部分的主题句, 以下是围绕该问题给出的解决方法。
课文呈现
·Eat more fruits and vegetables, do more exercise, and form good habits.
Once you get into the habit of smoking, it's not easy to give it up. ⑩ Stay away from cigarettes and you can live a long, healthy and happy life.
No smoking, please!
课文呈现
文章结构:
Smoking is a bad habit.
Why is smoking harmful What should we do
Stay away from cigarettes.
课文呈现
1) Fill in the chart with the information from the lesson.
Harmful effects of smoking Advice to stay away from cigarettes
·Smoking is bad for your ________. It can cause ________ of the heart and lungs.
·Smoking _________ the environment.
·Second -hand smoke is ________
to people who don't smoke. ·Never ________ cigarettes.
·When somebody talks about
smoking, change the ________.
·__________ your family members to stop smoking.
·Eat more fruits and ___________. Do more ________. Form good ________.
health
diseases
pollutes
harmful
touch
topic
vegetables
exercise
habits
Encourage
课文呈现
2) Read the following sentences and pay attention to the modal verb should. Then give advice for each problem using should.
·We should go to the hospital right now.
·As a student, you should never smoke.
1．I have a very bad toothache!
You should go to see a dentist.
2．My new bicycle was stolen.
__________________________.
You should call the police
课文呈现
3．My bedroom is a mess.
____________________________________.
4．My computer is broken. I can't work without it.
____________________________________.
5．I was late for school this morning, and my teacher
was angry with me.
____________________________________.
You should clean up your bedroom
You should buy a new computer
You should get up earlier next time
课文呈现
PROJECT POSTERS AGAINST SMOKING
Many people smoke. Smoking is a bad habit! It causes cancer and heart disease. In 1988, the World Health Organization (WHO) decided to celebrate World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) on May 31 of each year to draw global attention to the negative effects of tobacco.
Let's help people stay healthy! In a small group, make
a poster that shows why smoking is bad.
Present your posters to the class. Put them up on the
bulletin board in your school!
①Do people in your family smoke
smoke /sm k/ v. 吸烟 n. 烟
e.g. It’s against the rules of the school to smoke.
吸烟是违反校规的。
How many cigarettes does the man smoke a day
这个男人一天抽多少香烟？
作不及物动词
作及物动词
图解助记
smoke的一词多义：
拓展: (1) smoke 也可用作可数名词, 意为“吸烟”, 一般用单数形式。
e.g. Are you coming outside for a smoke
你是不是出来抽支烟
(2) smoke 作不可数名词, 可指燃烧中产生的烟。
e.g. A cloud of black smoke blew over the city.
一团黑烟吹过城市的上空。
谚语记单词
There is no smoke without fire.
无火不生烟；
无风不起浪。
考题在线1: Do not __________ （吸烟）in the woods, or you could start a fire.
smoke
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温馨提示：可返回原文
②Why is smoking harmful
harmful /'hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的; 导致损害的
e.g. Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟对健康有害。
Fatty food is harmful to you.
=Fatty food is bad for you.
=Fatty food does harm to you.
高脂肪食物对你有害。
Vegetables are good for your health.
蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
反义词：harmless“无害的”
“be harmful to”意“对……有害”,相关短语有:
同义词组：be bad for/do harm to 对……有害
反义词组：be good for 对……有好处
拓展：harm既可作名词也可作动词，意为“伤害；损害”。
Eating too much will do harm to our health.
吃得太多有害于我们的健康。
Don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light.
不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损害你的眼睛。
考题在线2: [盘锦]As we all know, smoking is ____________ to our health. (harm)
harmful
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③It can cause diseases of the heart and lungs.
(1) cause /k z/ vt. 引起; n. 原因
e.g. Caffeine can cause headaches.
咖啡因能引起头痛。
谚语记单词
One wrong thought may cause a lifelong regret.
一念之错可铸终生之恨。
拓展: cause 的其他含义:
cause 动词, “使发生, 导致”。
e.g. An accident caused him to lose his job.
一次事故导致他失去了工作。
可数名词, “原因, 起因”。
e.g. Drunk driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.
酒后驾车是交通事故最常见的原因之一。
不可数名词, “理由, 动机”。
e.g. I have no cause for fear. 我没理由害怕。
考题在线3: Too much rain may c a flood. Do you think so
ause
【点拨】句意：太多的雨水可能引起洪水。你这么认为吗？根据“may”后加动词原形，及“Too much rain”会引起 “flood”可知，此处填cause。
(2) disease /d 'zi z/ n. 病; 疾病
e.g. Diet plays an important role in the management of heart disease.
饮食对于心脏病的治疗有重要作用。
His mother has been at his bedside throughout his illness.
在他生病期间，他母亲一直守候在他床边。
She’s been off work because of sickness. 她因病没上班。
辨析: disease, illness与sickness
disease 指具体的疾病, 且通常较严重, 发病时间也较长。
illness 泛指一切疾病, 强调生病的时间或状态, 语体较sickness 正式一些。
sickness 较口语化, 可与illness换用, 但还可表示“恶心”。
考题在线4: The _______ boy has been in hospital for about two months. The doctor says he has serious heart _______.
A. sick; disease B. ill; illness
C. sick; illness D. ill; disease
A
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【点拨】分析句子可知，前空修饰名词boy，作定语需用sick；后空前面有heart，指心脏病，是具体的疾病，需用disease。
④Every year, millions of people around the world die as a result of smoking.
(1) millions of 数以百万计的
millions of 表示模糊概念, 后接可数名词复数, 且不与基数词连用。
e.g. The Great Wall attracts millions of tourists from all over the world every year. 长城每年吸引数百万来自世界各地的游客。
拓展: 当million 前有不定冠词a 或基数词修饰时, million 要用单数形式, 且million 后不接of。
e.g. The book was sold more than one million copies.
这本书被售出了一百多万册。
速记小法：
hundred，thousand，million 的用法：
s，of 不分家，
遇到数字全拿下。
模糊数字两有（有s，有of），
具体数字两无（无s，无of）。
考题在线5: [龙东] Harbin is a beautiful city. So ___________ (million) of people come here to enjoy snow every winter.
millions
【点拨】用句意理解法。句意：哈尔滨是一个美丽的城市。因此每年冬天都有数百万的人来这里欣赏雪景。根据句意可知这里表示数百万的，表示概数，因此要用millions of。
(2) as a result of 作为……的结果
e.g. He passed the exam as a result of his good preparation.
他因为准备充分通过了考试。
As a result, he was elected the chairman.
结果, 他被选为主席。
辨析: as a result of与as a result
as a result of “由于, 作为……的结果”, 后跟名词、代词、动名词。相当于because of。
as a result 作插入语, 意为“结果”, 常单独使用, 用逗号与其他部分隔开。
考题在线6: [营口改编] 由于天气糟糕，足球比赛被推迟了。
The football match was put off _________ _________ _________ _________ the awful weather.
as a
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result of
⑤In many countries, smoking in public places is now against the law.
(1) public /'p bl k/ adj. 公共的；大众的
Most of us use public transport to get to work.
我们大多数人都乘公共交通上班。
We shouldn’t spit in public.
我们不应该在公共场所吐痰。
当众；公开地
拓展：public 还可作名词，意为“百姓；民众”。
Members of the public joined the search for the missing boy.
许多民众加入了搜寻失踪男孩的行动。
考题在线7: [龙东] It is impolite to speak loudly _______.
A. in danger B. in public C. in person
B
【点拨】句意：在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。in danger 意为“处于危险中，处境危险”；in public 意为“在公众场合”；in person 意为“亲自”。根据句意可知答案。
(2) against / 'ɡenst/ prep. 违背；反对
后面跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语，反义词为for，意为“支持”。
Are you for or against the decision 你支持还是反对这个决定？
We are against the plan. 我们反对这个计划。
A rabbit hit against the tree. 一只兔子撞到了这棵树上。
Put the piano there, against the wall. 把钢琴放在那儿，紧靠着墙。
We’re playing against the league champions next week.
下周我们要和联赛冠军比赛。
图解助记
against 的其他用法：
考题在线8: Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ______ the windows.
A. against　　 B. across　 　C. above　 　D. below
A
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⑥Whenever someone offers you a cigarette, you should always say no.
(1)whenever /wen'ev / conj. 无论何时; 在任何……的时候
whenever 引导时间状语从句，引导让步状语从句时与no matter when 同义。
e.g. Please call me first whenever you leave.
=Please call me first no matter when you leave.
无论你什么时候离开, 请先给我打个电话。
类似的词还有：
no matter who=whoever 无论谁
no matter what=whatever 无论什么
no matter how=however 无论怎样
no matter where=wherever 不管哪里
考题在线9: Miss Zhao is very helpful. She often helps us _______ we are in trouble.
A. whatever B. although
C. whenever D. however
C
(2) offer /' f (r) / v. 主动提出; 提供
e.g. He offered to lead us through the forest.
他主动提出带我们穿越那片森林。
He offered me some useful advice.
=He offered some useful advice to me.
他为我提出了一些有用的建议。
offer to do sth.主动提出做某事
The centre provides the public with a service.
= The centre provides a service for the public.
这个中心为公众提供服务。
Cows supply us with milk. =Cows supply milk to us.
奶牛为我们提供牛奶。
辨析: offer, provide 与supply
offer 指主动提出, 或主动提供。
provide 指有计划、有准备地提供。
supply 指按职责常规供应。
“为某人提供某物”类似的表达有：
offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.
supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb.
考题在线10: —What do you think of the hotel
—Great! It can _______ us hot water and _______ delicious food for us.
A. provide; provide B. provide; offer
C. offer; provide D. offer; offer
C
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⑦Don’t take that risk.
risk /r sk/ n. 危险; 风险
e.g. Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有几十万人正处于危险中。
People who are overweight run a risk of a heart attack.
超重的人有犯心脏病的危险。
He saved my life at the risk of losing his own life.
他冒着生命危险救了我的命。
It must be done at any risk.
无论冒多大风险，这事必须完成。
We don’t want to run the risk of losing their business.
我们不想冒失去他们生意的风险。
拓展： risk 还可作动词，意为“冒……的危险”，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
If you don’t warm up before taking exercise, you will risk injuring yourself.
假如锻炼前你不做热身活动，你会有受伤的危险。
谚语记单词
He who risks nothing gains nothing.
收获与风险并存。
risk 作名词时的常用短语有：
① at risk 处境危险
② take/run a risk 冒险
③ at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险
④ at any risk 无论冒什么危险
⑤ take/run the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事
考题在线11: [徐州] If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ________ losing everything all at one time.
A. risk B. enjoy C. avoid D. consider
A
冒……的风险
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喜欢
避免
考虑
⑧When somebody talks about smoking, change the topic.
somebody /'s mb d / pron. 有人; 某人
① somebody 是复合不定代词，相当于someone。复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
e.g. There’s somebody at the door. 门口有个人。
Somebody is waiting for you. 有人在等你。
②形容词修饰anyone，somebody，something 等复合不定代词时，形容词需要后置。
e.g. Did you see anyone interesting 你见过有趣的人吗？
拓展: 一般情况下, some 与one, body, thing 构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句中; any 与one, body, thing 构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句中。
e.g. —Do you have anything to tell me
你有什么事要对我说吗
—Yes, I have something to tell you.
是的, 我有些事要告诉你。
温馨提示：
在表示建议、请求或希
望对方作出肯定回答的
疑问句中，仍然用含有
some的复合不定代词。
考题在线12: [营口] Daming is happy today because he helped ________ look for a set of keys on his way home.
A. nobody B. anybody
C. somebody D. everybody
C
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⑨..., but you should try explaining how important it is for their health.
(高频) try v. & n. 设法尝试; 努力
e.g. I will try my best to learn English well.
我将尽我最大的努力去学好英语。
May I have a try
我可以试试吗
try one’s best to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力做某事
have a try 试一下
I have tried calling him many times.
我已经试着给他打过很多次电话了。
Will they try their best to win the competition
他们会尽全力去赢得这场比赛吗
辨析: try doing sth. 与try to do sth.
try doing sth. 尝试做某事。表示试着做做看。
try to do sth. 努力做某事。表示想尽一切办法做某事。
图解助记
考题在线13: 登山者们正在尽最大努力登顶，这时开始下大雪了。(best)
The climbers ____________________________ to reach the top when it began to snow heavily.
were doing/trying their best
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⑩Once you get into the habit of smoking, it’s not easy to give it up.
(1) get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
e.g. We should get/fall into the habit of listening to the teacher carefully in class.
我们应该养成在课堂上仔细听老师说话的习惯。
Many retired people are in the habit of doing exercise every night.
许多退休的人习惯每天晚上做运动。
habit 的常见用法有：
① get/fall into the habit of 养成……习惯(强调动作)
② be in the habit of 习惯于……，有……的习惯(强调状态)
考题在线14: [安徽] I’ve got into the h （习惯）of reading Tang poems every morning.
【点拨】habit“习惯”，get into the habit of doing sth. “养成做某事的习惯”。
abit
(2) give up 放弃
give up 为动副短语, 其后可接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式作宾语。
动副短语中，当宾语为名词时，名词放在up前后均可；
当宾语为代词时，代词应放在give 与up 之间。
e.g. We can never give up hope/give hope up.
我们永远不能放弃希望。
Although English isn’t easy to learn, I won’t give it up.
虽然英语不易学，但我不会放弃。
My uncle wants to give up drinking wine.
我叔叔想戒酒。
与give 相关的其他短语:
give away 赠送; 泄露，暴露
give out 分发;发出(热、光等); 用完，耗尽
give in 屈服; 投降
give back 归还，送回
give off 发出(气味、热、光等)
give over 别再……了; 住手
考题在线15: [泰州] Most neighbours ______ the habit of square dancing to create a quieter environment for us.
A. get into B. care about
C. carry on D. give up
D
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【点拨】用短语辨析法。get into 意为“养成；陷入”；care about 意为“关心”；carry on 意为“继续”；give up 意为“放弃”。后半句句意“为了给我们创造一个更安静的环境”提示“放弃跳广场舞的习惯”。
Stay away from cigarettes and you can live a long, healthy and happy life.
stay away from 远离
e.g. Why did you stay away from him
你为什么避开他
We should stay away from junk food.
我们应该远离垃圾食品。
=keep away from
含有away的短语：
① throw away 抛弃；扔掉
② put away 把……收起来
③ send away 撵走；开除
④ wash away 冲走
⑤ go away 走开
考题在线16: [荆州改编] It is said that drinking tea during Grain Rain can make people ________________ （远离）illnesses.
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stay away from
本节课主要学习了:
重点单词: refuse, stand
重点短语: take care of, be afraid of, have no choice but to do sth. be used to do sth.
重点句式: It’s + adj. + to do.
并让学生更进一步的了解病人对症状及感受的描述、医护人员对病人施治过程的表达用语。

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