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9 年级 Unit 1 How can we become good learners
一、Grammar
1.by prep.的用法
1)by doing...表示通过某种方式，方法，或者手段，此时 by 短语用作状语； e.g.I study by working with a group.
Try to guess a word's meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. 2)by+地点位置，表示位置， 意为在...旁边；＝near=beside
e.g.There was a boy sitting by the lake. 3)by+交通工具，表示乘坐；
e.g.They like travelling by train/plane/car/bus(by air/by land/by water /by sea ) 4)by+时间，在...之前；
e.g.Can you finish the work by five o'clock
5)by 表示连续反复意思为一个接着一个；一个又一个； Don't read word by word.
one by one/step by step/year by year/little by little … 等 *6)通常置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者；
e.g The book was written by Mo Yan.
7)区分 by/with/in+n.
A)by 表示用某种方式方法手段或者交通方式（见上）
B)with 表示用具体的有形的工具来做某事。 e.g. Cut it with a knife.
C)in 表示用言语，声调， 材料等。
e.g. Can you say it in English /Please speak in aloud voice. / write in ink.
2.HOW 引导的特殊疑问句及其答语
(1) 询问方式， 方法，意为如何， 怎样。回答时常用 by 加短语或者 by doing，表示“凭借...交通工具”或者“用 手段...方式”。
1)-How do you learn English
-I learn English by studying with a group. 2)-How can I read faster
-You can read faster by reading word groups. 3)-How can I improve my pronunciation
-One way is by listening to tapes.
(2)How 的其他用法: (Review)
A) How many/much.... B) How often/far/long/soon...
C) How/What about +n. /doing D) How does it sound/taste/look...
E) I don't knowhow I can solve the problem/how to solve the problem.
F) How delicious the food is! G) How come 怎么回事 (how come … = why…)
H) How do you like/feel about CQ
e.g. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation
2) loud adj. &adv.
adj.大声地（可做表语、也可作定语）
e.g. The music is too loud, so we have to speak in a loud/louder voice. adv. 响亮地（强调音量大）
e.g. Please speak louder. or we can't hear you clearly. …by listening to a tape and repeating out loud.
3)loudly adv. 响亮地（含有“喧闹且不悦耳”之意） e.g. Don't talk loudly in the library.
3. pronunciation n. pronounce v.发音（注意拼写！）
e.g. Do you know the pronunciation of this word =Do you knowhow to pronounce this word
4.patient
1)adj. 有耐心的（反义词： impatient adj. 无耐心的 名词: patience 副词 patiently） be patient with sb./sth. 对某事某人有耐心 an impatient boy 一个缺乏耐心的男孩
do sth patiently 耐心地做某事(patiently = with patience) do sth with prience
have no patience with 对...缺乏耐心
2) cn. 病人
e.g. Doctors and nurses should be patient with their patients.
5.expression c.n.短语； 表情 / express v. 表达
1) There was a worried expression on his face.
2)Their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. [P3 3a] 3)It's hard forme to find words to express how I really feel now.
6.discover v. /discovery a. 发现
1)discover （对于隐藏的或不为人知的事物的）发现 e.g. Who discovered America
2) （自己）发现/发觉/查出 + 宾从
e.g. I discovered that learning something interesting is the secret to language learning. e.g. We didn't discover why she gave up her job.
3)区分: look for 找（动作） /find 找/find out 表明真相,查明 /invent 发明/discover 发现
7.secret(s) cn. 秘密；秘诀；奥秘 adj. 秘密的 secretly adv.秘密地
1)the secret to language learning 或 the secret to learning languages.语言学习的秘诀。
2)the secrets of universe 宇宙的奥秘 3)in secret=secretly 秘密地 暗中地
e.g. They are having a secret meeting somewhere in the building.
=They are having a meeting in secret/ secretly somewhere in the building.
8.lookup 查询；抬头看
l二、Words and expressions 1)lookupsth. / look it/them up
1.conversation cn &un e.g. I looked them up in a dictionary.
1)have/hold a(＋adj.)conversation/conversations with sb 与某人谈话(cn.) Can you lookup the time of the next train (常考句型)
e.g. Do you have conversations with your friends in English 2)lookup at...仰视/ look down at…俯瞰
She had along conversation with her daughter before this term started. 3)look down upon/ on 看不起，轻视
2)make conversations/a conversation 编对话（cn.） 9.repeat v.（=say...again）（注意: repeat 不能与 again 连用）
e.g .Please make a conversation in English with your partner. repeat+ n. /that 从句
2 aloud/loudly/loud e.g. Can you repeat the sentence He likes repeating (that) he used to be a boss.
1) aloud adv. 出声地； 大声地 （无比较级）；常和 read 连用。 10.memorize v. 记忆； 记住 memory n. 记忆力； 记得的事物（常用复数）
1)Today's homework is to memorize all the new words of Unit one. 2)As I am getting older, my memory is getting worse.
3)Those old songs bring back sweet memories.
4) Memories came flooding.
11.increase v.增加；使...增加/decrease（反义词）
e.g. I don't knowhow to increase my reading speed.
Not smoking can decrease the risk of cancer. 1)increase to 增加到了...；
The number of the students in our school has increased to about 15 thousand by now.
2) increase by 增加了...
The number of the students in our school has increased by 8000/twice in the past 10 years.
12.speed
1)n. 速度 e.g. He drove the carat a speed of 100km/h.（以...速度）
2)v. 加速 speed-speeded-speeded 或 speed-sped-sped speedup（使... ）加速
e.g. The train soon speeded up. We'd better speedup the car if we want to be on time.
13.born v.& adj.出生；天生的
1) 仅用于被动语态，但后不用 by;
e.g. She was born in Chongqing on April 18 ,1988.
2)be born with 天生具有
be born to do 天生会做某事 e.g. Someone is born to succeed.
e.g. Everyone is born with the ability to learn. 每个人天生都具有学习的能力
3) be born blind/deaf/ etc. 生来便盲/聋/等
14.create v.创造(建/creation n.创造(物)/creator n.创造者/creative adj.有创造性的)
e.g. 1) Create an interest in what they learn. 激发他们对所学内容的兴趣。
2) Artists always think about problems in creative ways.
15.active adj.积极的(more active-the most active) actively adv.积极地
e.g.1) Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
2)take an active part in sth. /doing sth. =do sth. Actively
16.attention to 注意: 关注 pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意
e.g.1) Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more acting and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
2)Please pay attention to listening to your teachers carefully in class.
17.connect v.连接;联系/ connection n.
connect A to/and/with B 把 A 和 B 联系起来
1)Good learner often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
2) The road connected the village with the airport.
18.knowldge/*knowledgeable adj. 有知识的
e.g. 1) Knowledge comes from questioning. 知识来源于质疑
2)He has a wide knowledge of painting and music. (have a wide knowledge of doing sth.) 3)*She is knowledgeable about the plants. (be knowledgeable about something)
19.wisely adv./wise adj.明智的; 充满智慧的/wisdom n.智慧
e.g.1) Everything that you learn becomes apart of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well. 2)It's wise of you to refuse his invitation.
3)Miss Wang is such a woman of great wisdom. 她是如此的一位才女。
三、important sentences and phrases
1.I've learned a lot that way. [P2.2b] 我用那种方法学到了很多知识。(a lot 此处作 learn 的宾语，that way 此处表示 in that way)
2.It's too hard to understand spoken English. [P2 2b] (spoken English 为英语口语之意;written English 笔头英语并注 意区分: spoken English 和 English-speaking)
→speaking/writing skills 说话/写作技巧
3.I also learned useful sentences like "It's a piece of cake" or "It serves you right "我也学了一些有用的句子，如“小菜 一碟”或“你话该。”[P3.3a 第二段]
5.He.can't get the pronunciation right. 使...正确(get+ n.+ adj. adj. 作宾语补足语) [P5.1c] 6.l don't have a partner to practice English with (partner 是介词 with 的逻辑宾语) [P5.1c]
7.But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.但是能否把这做取决于你的学习习惯。 [P6.2b] （此处 whether 引导的是一个主语从句，不能用 if 替换）
8.Good learners think about what they are good at and what need to practice more. [P6.] 好的学习者考虑他们擅长什么和需要多练习什么。
9.Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and what they are not afraid of making mistakes. [P6.2b 第三段]
区分:be afraid of doing 害怕不称心的事会发生 be afraid to do 因害怕不良后果而不敢做某事 e.g. He is not afraid to ride a bike because he is afraid of falling off the bike.
10.For example, they may take notes by writing down keywords or by drawing mind maps. [P6.2b 第四段]
四、话题作文
很多同学忙于学习成绩却不理想。请依据表格内容，结合实际，写一篇“如何提升学习效率”的短文。 学习方法： 1. listen to the teacher 2. take notes 3. review in time 4. correct mistakes...
体育锻炼 exercise...
其他方面： 1. make good use of time 2. asksb. for help How to improve our study effectively
A great number of students can't finish their tasks, which leads to bad results and makes them less interested in their study. How can we solve the problem Here are suggestions.
……
If you follow the advice that I have mentioned above, you will be successful.
Version 1:
To start with, we are supposed to buildup good study habits, such as previewing the lessons before class, listening to the teacher carefully in class, taking notes efficiently, doing homework on time and correcting mistakes in time.
Besides, good health means a lot to us and our studies. In my opinion, we should spend at least one hour exercising our body every day.
Last but not least, we'd better make good use of time. Don't put off what we can do today until tomorrow. We should ask the teacher or classmates for help if we have questions.
Version 2:
First and foremost, we should listen carefully and pay attention to what teachers say in class. Of course, it's necessary to take the notes in class, which helps us to understand lessons better and review what we’ve learned in time. Besides, there is no doubt that we should correct the mistakes that we make. In short, good habits come first in studies.
When it comes to health, not only can taking exercise build up our strong body, but also let our brain have enough time to rest. Only when paying close attention to health can we improve our studies effectively.
In addition, there is still something else to be noticed. We'd better make good use of time. A better way, I think, is to make a list make sure what to do first and what to do next. If necessary, we can ask others for help.

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