资源简介 Unit 2 Topic 2 Section C课文讲解及知识点一 . 课文翻译 :The earth is 4.6 billion years old .地球已有46亿年的历史。We humans have lived on the earth for only 35000 years , but during this period , we have changed our planet a lot in many ways .而我们人类仅在地球上生活了35000年,但在此期间,我们以多种方式极大地改变了我们的星球。Some things we have done are very good for the earth while others are bad .我们所做的一些事情对地球非常有益,而另一些则是有害的。All over the world , people have cut down millions of trees .全世界的人们砍伐了数百万棵树木。When it rains or when the wind blows , the earth is taken away .当下雨或刮风时,土壤被冲走。Forests have become deserts , so many kinds of animals and plants are disappearing .森林变成了沙漠,许多种类的动植物正在消失。In big cities , cars and buses have polluted the air .在大城市中,汽车和公共汽车污染了空气。Now many people in cities have health problems .现在,许多城市居民都患有健康问题。Factories have also polluted the land and the water .工厂也污染了土地和水源。As a result , many rivers and lakes are now dead .结果,许多河流和湖泊现在已经死寂。Around the earth , there ' s a special kind of oxygen called " ozone "( O ,).在地球周围,有一种特殊的氧气叫做“臭氧”(O )。It is important to the earth .它对地球很重要。But now air pollution is destroying it and making a very big hole in the ozone layer .但现在空气污染正在破坏它,并在臭氧层中形成了一个非常大的空洞。Too much harmful radiation from the sun passes through the hole and reaches the earth directly .太多的有害辐射从太阳穿过这个空洞直接到达地球。This is very dangerous because this kind of radiation can cause cancer .这是非常危险的,因为这种辐射会导致癌症。Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air has increased a lot .空气中的二氧化碳(CO )含量大幅增加。It mainly comes from burning oil , coal and wood .它主要来自石油、煤炭和木材的燃烧。This has formed a blanket around the earth .这已经在地球周围形成了一层毯子。The heat from the sun can ' t escape so the temperature is rising .来自太阳的热量无法逃逸,因此温度正在上升。This is called " the greenhouse effect ".这被称为“温室效应”。It causes the level of the oceans to rise and the climate of the earth to change .它导致海平面上升和地球气候发生变化。All these problems are very serious , so we must do something now .所有这些问题都非常严重,所以我们现在必须采取行动。二 . 课文讲解及知识点:The earth is 4.6 billion years old.主语:The earth系动词:is表语:4.6 billion years old知识点:“billion”表示十亿。“years old”用于描述年龄或存在时间。短语及拓展:“be + 数字 + years old”结构用于表示年龄或持续时间。拓展短语:“millions of years ago”表示数百万年前。We humans have lived on the earth for only 35000 years , but during this period , we have changed our planet a lot in many ways .主语:We humans谓语:have lived状语:on the earth, for only 35000 years并列句:but during this period, we have changed our planet a lot in many ways主语:we谓语:have changed宾语:our planet状语:a lot, in many ways知识点:“during this period”表示“在这个时期”。“in many ways”表示“在许多方面”。短语及拓展:“live on”表示“居住,以...为食”。拓展短语:“in a way”表示“在某种程度上”,“change...a lot”表示“大大改变”。Some things we have done are very good for the earth while others are bad.主语:Some things定语:we have done谓语:are表语:very good for the earth并列句:while others are bad主语:others谓语:are表语:bad知识点:“while”引导并列句,表示对比。“be good/bad for”表示“对...有好处/坏处”。短语及拓展:“do good/bad to”也表示“对...有好处/坏处”。拓展短语:“on the one hand...on the other hand”表示“一方面...另一方面”。All over the world , people have cut down millions of trees .状语:All over the world主语:people谓语:have cut down宾语:millions of trees知识点:“All over the world”表示“全世界”。“cut down”表示“砍倒”。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“cut off”表示“切断”,“cut up”表示“切碎”。When it rains or when the wind blows , the earth is taken away .时间状语从句:When it rains or when the wind blows主句:the earth is taken away知识点:“when”引导时间状语从句。“or”表示选择关系。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“as soon as”也表示“一...就...”。Forests have become deserts , so many kinds of animals and plants are disappearing .主句:Forests have become deserts结果状语从句:so many kinds of animals and plants are disappearing知识点:“so”引导结果状语从句。“disappearing”是现在分词作表语,表示状态。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“as a result”也表示“结果”。In big cities , cars and buses have polluted the air .状语:In big cities主语:cars and buses谓语:have polluted宾语:the air知识点:“In big cities”表示地点状语。“have polluted”是现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在的影响。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“in the city”表示“在城市里”。Now many people in cities have health problems .时间状语:Now主语:many people in cities谓语:have宾语:health problems知识点:“Now”表示现在的时间状语。“health problems”表示健康问题。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“medical problems”表示“医疗问题”。Factories have also polluted the land and the water .主语:Factories谓语:have also polluted宾语:the land and the water知识点:“also”表示“也”。“pollute”表示“污染”。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“pollute the environment”表示“污染环境”。As a result , many rivers and lakes are now dead .结果状语从句:As a result主句:many rivers and lakes are now dead知识点:“As a result”表示结果。“dead”用于形容河流、湖泊等失去生命力。短语及拓展:拓展短语:“in the end”也表示“最后,结果”。Around the earth, there's a special kind of oxygen called "ozone" (O ).主语:a special kind of oxygen谓语:is表语:there(存在句中的形式主语),a special kind of oxygen定语:Around the earth(介词短语作地点状语),called "ozone" (O )(过去分词短语作后置定语)知识点:存在句结构:There + be + 主语介词短语作状语:Around the earth过去分词短语作定语:called "ozone" (O )短语拓展:a kind of:一种be called:被称为It is important to the earth.主语:It谓语:is表语:important状语:to the earth(介词短语作状语)知识点:形式主语It的用法介词短语作状语短语拓展:be important to sb./sth.:对某人/某物是重要的But now air pollution is destroying it and making a very big hole in the ozone layer.主语:air pollution谓语:is destroying,is making(并列谓语)宾语:it,a very big hole状语:now(时间状语),in the ozone layer(介词短语作地点状语)知识点:并列谓语介词短语作状语短语拓展:make a hole in:在...上打个洞ozone layer:臭氧层Too much harmful radiation from the sun passes through the hole and reaches the earth directly.主语:Too much harmful radiation谓语:passes through,reaches(并列谓语)宾语:the hole,the earth状语:from the sun(介词短语作定语),directly(副词作状语)知识点:并列谓语介词短语作定语副词作状语短语拓展:pass through:穿过reach sth. directly:直接到达某物This is very dangerous because this kind of radiation can cause cancer.主句:This is very dangerous主语:This谓语:is表语:very dangerous从句:because this kind of radiation can cause cancer(原因状语从句)主语:this kind of radiation谓语:can cause宾语:cancer知识点:原因状语从句情态动词can的用法短语拓展:be dangerous:危险的cause cancer:致癌Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air has increased a lot.主语:Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air谓语:has increased状语:a lot(副词短语作状语)知识点:现在完成时介词短语作定语短语拓展:increase a lot:增加很多It mainly comes from burning oil, coal and wood.主语:It谓语:comes状语:mainly(副词作状语)宾语:from burning oil, coal and wood(介词短语作状语)知识点:介词短语作状语短语拓展:come from:来自burn sth.:燃烧某物This has formed a blanket around the earth.主语:This谓语:has formed宾语:a blanket状语:around the earth(介词短语作状语)知识点:现在完成时介词短语作状语短语拓展:form a blanket:形成一层毯子The heat from the sun can't escape so the temperature is rising.主句:The heat from the sun can't escape主语:The heat谓语:can't escape结果状语从句:so the temperature is rising主语:the temperature谓语:is rising知识点:结果状语从句情态动词can't的用法短语拓展:escape from:从...逃脱rise in temperature:气温上升This is called "the greenhouse effect".主语:This谓语:is called宾语:"the greenhouse effect"知识点:被动语态短语拓展:greenhouse effect:温室效应It causes the level of the oceans to rise and the climate of the earth to change.主语:It谓语:causes宾语:the level of the oceans to rise,the climate of the earth to change(并列宾语,使用不定式作宾语补足语)知识点:并列宾语不定式作宾语补足语短语拓展:cause sth. to do sth.:导致某物做某事rise in level:水平上升change in climate:气候变化All these problems are very serious , so we must do something now .主语:All these problems谓语:are表语:very serious并列连词:so第二个句子:主语:we谓语:must do宾语:something时间状语:now知识点:限定词“All”用于指代整体,强调所有这些问题。系动词“are”与形容词“serious”搭配,形成系表结构,描述问题的性质。并列连词“so”连接两个句子,表示因果关系;情态动词“must”表示必要性;时间状语“now”强调当前行动的重要性。不定代词“something”用于肯定句,表示某事或某物。时间副词“now”用于指示当前的时间或状态。短语拓展:All kinds of, All in all, All the timebe very important, be very helpful, be very difficultso that, so far, must have done, now and thendo something about, do something for, do nothingat this moment, from now on, just now 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览