资源简介

Unit 2 Topic 3 Section D
课文讲解及知识点
一 . 课文翻译 ：
Forests are the lungs of the earth .
森林是地球的肺。
Without , them , it cannot breathe .
没有它们，地球就无法呼吸。
It needs its forests to remove carbon dioxide from the air and to make oxygen .
它需要森林来从空气中去除二氧化碳并制造氧气。
In many countries , such as New Zealand , Canada , and Brazil , forests were cut down to provide wood to build houses .
在许多国家，如新西兰、加拿大和巴西，森林被砍伐以提供木材来建造房屋。
Many young volunteers around the world are working in their holidays to plant new trees to replace them .
世界各地的许多年轻志愿者在假期里都在种植新树来替代它们。
These young men and women face many difficulties when they plant new trees .
这些年轻人在种新树时会遇到很多困难。
The weather may be very hot and dry or it may be very cold and wet .
天气可能非常炎热干燥，也可能非常寒冷潮湿。
There are often many insects that bite these planters on their legs , arms , and faces while they work .
工作时，经常有许多昆虫叮咬他们的腿、胳膊和脸。
They carry heavy bags of small trees , and working in the mountains can be dangerous .
他们背着沉重的装满小树苗的袋子，在山上工作可能很危险。
Tree planters are changing the world .
植树者正在改变世界。
They plant different types of trees so that birds and animals can live in the forests .
他们种植不同类型的树木，以便鸟类和动物可以在森林中生活。
Even though tree planting is very difficult , they love their work .
尽管种树非常困难，但他们热爱自己的工作。
They believe that in 50 years their little trees will become beautiful forests .
他们相信，50年后，他们的小树苗将变成美丽的森林。
二 . 课文讲解及知识点：
Forests are the lungs of the earth.
主语：Forests
谓语：are
表语：the lungs of the earth
知识点：
比喻句：将“Forests”比作“the lungs of the earth”，强调森林对地球的重要性。
短语及拓展：
lungs of the earth：地球的肺，强调森林在地球生态系统中的重要作用。
类似比喻：Forests are the green lungs of our planet.
Without them, it cannot breathe.
条件状语：Without them
主语：it
谓语：cannot breathe
知识点：
条件状语从句省略：省略了主语和助动词，只保留了“Without them”。
否定句：使用“cannot”表示否定。
短语及拓展：
without...：没有...就...；如，Without water, plants cannot grow.
cannot/can't do sth.：不能做某事；如，I can't sleep without my pillow.
It needs its forests to remove carbon dioxide from the air and to make oxygen.
主语：It
谓语：needs
宾语：its forests
目的状语1：to remove carbon dioxide from the air
并列连词：and
目的状语2：to make oxygen
知识点：
不定式作目的状语：说明主语“It”需要森林的原因。
并列结构：使用“and”连接两个目的状语。
短语及拓展：
remove...from...：从...移除...
make oxygen：产生氧气
In many countries, such as New Zealand, Canada, and Brazil, forests were cut down to provide wood to build houses.
地点状语：In many countries
插入语：such as New Zealand, Canada, and Brazil
主语：forests
谓语（过去时）：were cut down
目的状语：to provide wood to build houses
知识点：
插入语：用于对句子进行补充或解释，不影响句子的主要结构。
被动语态：表示“森林”是被“砍伐”的。
短语及拓展：
such as...：例如...；如，There are many fruits in the market, such as apples, bananas, and oranges.
cut down：砍伐；如，They cut down many trees to clear the land.
provide...to do sth.：提供...以做某事；如，The company provided funding to research new technologies.
Many young volunteers around the world are working in their holidays to plant new trees to replace them.
主语：Many young volunteers
谓语（现在进行时）：are working
时间状语：in their holidays
目的状语1：to plant new trees
目的状语2（并列）：to replace them
知识点：
现在进行时：表示“许多年轻志愿者”正在进行的动作。
并列目的状语：两个“to”引导的不定式短语并列作为目的状语。
短语及拓展：
around the world：全世界；如，People from around the world come to visit the Great Wall.
in one's holidays：在某人的假期中；如，I usually travel in my holidays.
replace...：取代...；如，They plan to replace the old bridge with a new one.
These young men and women face many difficulties when they plant new trees.
主语：These young men and women
谓语：face
宾语：many difficulties
时间状语从句：when they plant new trees
知识点：
时间状语从句：使用“when”引导，说明主句动作发生的时间。
短语及拓展：
face difficulties：面临困难；如，She faced many difficulties when she started her own business.
when...：当...时；如，I'll call you when I arrive at the station.
The weather may be very hot and dry or it may be very cold and wet.
主语：The weather
谓语：may be
表语：very hot and dry
并列连词：or
谓语2：may be
表语2：very cold and wet
知识点：
情态动词may表示“可能”。
系动词be后接形容词构成表语，描述主语的状态。
并列连词or连接两个并列的句子或句子成分，表示选择关系。
短语及拓展：
hot and dry：炎热干燥
warm and humid温暖潮湿
cold and wet：寒冷潮湿
cool and refreshing凉爽宜人
There are often many insects that bite these planters on their legs, arms, and faces while they work.
主语：There
谓语：are
表语：often many insects（副词修饰形容词和名词短语，表示“经常有很多昆虫”）
定语从句：that bite these planters on their legs, arms, and faces（修饰先行词insects，说明昆虫的行为）
时间状语从句：while they work（修饰主句，说明昆虫咬人的时间背景）
知识点：
There be句型表示“存在”。
定语从句由关系代词that引导，修饰先行词insects。
时间状语从句由while引导，表示两个动作同时进行。
短语及拓展：
bite on：咬在...
scratch on抓在...上
tap on轻敲在...上
while they work：当他们工作时
when they rest当他们休息时
as they walk当他们行走时
They carry heavy bags of small trees, and working in the mountains can be dangerous.
主句1：They carry heavy bags of small trees（主语+谓语+宾语，描述树植者的行为）
并列连词：and
主句2：working in the mountains can be dangerous（动名词短语作主语，系动词+表语，描述在山上工作的危险性）
知识点：
动词carry表示“携带”。
动名词短语（如working in the mountains）可以作为主语或宾语。
can be是情态动词+系动词的结构，表示“可能是”。
短语及拓展：
heavy bags of small trees：装着小树苗的重袋子
working in the mountains：在山上工作
swimming in the sea在海里游泳
hiking in the forest在森林里徒步
Tree planters are changing the world.
主语：Tree planters
谓语：are changing
宾语：the world
知识点：
现在进行时表示正在进行的动作。
change the world是固定短语，表示“改变世界”。
短语及拓展：
change the world：改变世界
influence society影响社会、improve life改善生活
They plant different types of trees so that birds and animals can live in the forests.
主句：They plant different types of trees
目的状语从句：so that birds and animals can live in the forests（说明种树的目的）
知识点：
plant表示“种植”。
so that引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”。
can live是情态动词+动词原形的结构，表示“能够生活”。
短语及拓展：
different types of trees：不同类型的树
various kinds of flowers各种各样的花
numerous species of animals许多种类的动物
live in the forests：生活在森林里
dwell in the caves居住在洞穴里
reside in the city居住在城市里
Even though tree planting is very difficult, they love their work.
让步状语从句：Even though tree planting is very difficult
主句：they love their work
知识点：
Even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”。
love表示“喜爱”。
短语及拓展：
Even though...：即使...
Despite the fact that...尽管...的事实
In spite of... 尽管...
love their work：热爱他们的工作
enjoy their hobby享受他们的爱好
admire their skills钦佩他们的技能
They believe that in 50 years their little trees will become beautiful forests.
主句：They believe
宾语从句：that in 50 years their little trees will become beautiful forests
时间状语：in 50 years
主语：their little trees
谓语：will become
表语：beautiful forests
知识点：
believe表示“相信”。
that引导宾语从句，说明相信的内容。
will become是将来时结构，表示“将会成为”。
短语及拓展：
in 50 years：在50年后
in ten years在十年后
in a century在一个世纪后
beautiful forests：美丽的森林
majestic mountains雄伟的山脉
crystal clear lakes清澈见底的湖泊

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