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浙江省宁波市海曙区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Reading a good book is like making a good friend. On World Reading Day, students are asked to share their favorite books on our school website. Here is one of them.
Good Book Recommendation (推荐) Card The Prince and the Pauper (乞丐) By Mark Twain※The writer Mark Twain is one of the best-known American writers in the 19h century. His writing is colorful and excellent. Through his works, we can get a strong feeling of humor and satire (讽刺).※The plot (情节) It is a story about two boys, one is a prince and the other is a pauper. They look almost the same. One day, they decide to exchange (交换) their lives. And they both live a terrible life at first. As time goes by, the prince realizes the simple joys of common life. Meanwhile, the pauper earns more respect from others. In the end, they both go back to their own lives with rich experience and a new friend. ※Recommended by: Lydia We recommend a good book every week, especially for the students who like reading books. If you want to share your favorite book with us, please email us at bookclub@. Please click here for more recommended good books.
1．What is the name of the book’s writer
A．Lewis Carroll. B．Mark Twain. C．Daniel Defoe. D．J.K. Rowling.
2．What can we learn from the plot of the Prince and the Pauper
A．The prince and the pauper exchange their lives by mistake.
B．The prince and the pauper live a very happy life at first.
C．The prince and the pauper both learn a lot from the experience.
D．The prince and the pauper don’t look like each other.
3．Whom may this book recommendation be written for
A．Neighbors. B．Inventors. C．Climbers. D．Students.
In a village lived a successful and rich businessman, named James. However, he often felt unhappy because he had so many problems every day and didn’t know how to solve them.
One day, an old man came to the village with 100 camels. It’s said he could solve any problem. James went to see him and said, “I’m very unhappy with my life because of a lot of problems. Please tell me how to solve them.”
The old man said, “I’ll give you an answer tomorrow. But first, can you do me a favor ” James agreed. The old man asked him to look after the 100 camels for the night, making sure that they all sat down and rested well.
The next morning, the old man asked James how his night went. James replied, “Last night, I didn’t sleep at all. But I did make all the camels sit down at last.”
“Really What did you do ” The old man smiled and asked.
James answered, “Well, at first, I gave them some food and water. After that, about one third of the camels sat down and rested. Then I covered the ground with dry grass for their resting. Almost all the camels sat down except one. Then I waited for a long time and had nothing to do with the only standing camel. So I talked to it about my problems and touched it softly. Finally, it fell asleep.”
“Actually, problems are just like camels-no matter how many problems you have to face every day, just try your best and ▲ ” says the old man.
James felt a sense of understanding. It changed the way he saw life’s problems and he became happier than before.
4．Why did James often feel unhappy
A．Because he didn’t know how to keep the camels.
B．Because he didn’t have enough money to live well.
C．Because he had to face a lot of problems in his life.
D．Because he wanted to get away from his business.
5．What is the right order of the story according to the passage
① James stayed up all night to take care of the camels.
②James was asked how his night went.
③James changed his way towards problems.
④James asked the old man to solve his problems.
A．④①②③ B．④①③② C．②④①③ D．②①③④
6．What do you think of the old man according to the passage
A．Dishonest but clever. B．Rich and strong.
C．Successful and rich. D．Helpful and smart.
7．Which of the following can possibly be put in the “ ▲ ”
A．problems will be solved as time goes by.
B．come up with different ideas to solve them.
C．ask others for help when you’re in trouble.
D．make all the camels sit down and rest.
①Do you often help your parents do any chores Do you know how to store the food in the fridge correctly In fact, food safety is important. However, eating food not kept correctly could make you sick. The fridge is a perfect choice to keep food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box. Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly.
②Put your food on the right shelf. As we know, in the fresh-keeping area, the higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. So we can make use of different temperatures to keep food fresh. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers or cream cakes on top shelves. The middle shelves are suitable for dairy products (乳制品) such as yogurt. Bottom shelves are perfect for storing raw (生的) meat and seafood.
③Keep proper temperature. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5℃ and 60℃. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fresh-keeping area needs to be between 0℃ and 5℃. The freezer (冷冻室) temperature should be below -18℃.
④Store the fruit and vegetables at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dry and dark place, away from direct sunlight or sources of heat. Once cut, they should be put in the fridge at once.
⑤In a word, everyone should pay attention to food safety. Hope these tips can help you keep your food fresh for as long as possible.
8．What does the underlined sentence probably mean in Para.1
A．The fridge can’t keep all the food safe and fresh.
B．The fridge is very magical to make food fresh.
C．We have no choice but to store food in the fridge.
D．We can put all kinds of foods in the fridge.
9．Which of the following is a correct way to store food
A．Put milk and cheese on top shelves.
B．Store burgers and pizza on bottom shelves.
C．Keep proper temperature to slow the growing of bacteria.
D．Cut the fruit and store them at the room temperature.
10．What is the writing purpose of this passage
A．To ask people to do more chores. B．To teach people how to store food correctly.
C．To tell people the importance of the fridge. D．To advice people to eat more healthy food.
11．How is the above passage organized
A． B． C． D．
Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space Have you ever imagined raising fish in space Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality!
On April 26, three astronauts in Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship (神舟十八号载人航天飞船) successfully entered the space station. They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics.
The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself.
Why zebrafish Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans. “The result of this experiment is very precious for it is China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems(生态系统). Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” a professor told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists know how the human body reacts to space conditions.
The Shenzhou XVIII is expected to return to the earth after six months in space. Right now, China is going to finish picking its new astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station tasks and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon.
12．The fish tank was taken into space station to help astronauts .
A．raise fish and mice B．carry out experiments
C．entertain their freetime D．provide enough oxygen
13．Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space according to Para.4
①They are easy to feed in the spaceship.
②They share over two-thirds of genes with humans.
③They can live without oxygen in the fish tank.
④They can control the temperature and lighting.
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④
14．The above passage is probably taken from the magazine .
A． B． C． D．
15．The best title of the passage could be .
A．Flying to the Moon B．Raising Mice in Space
C．The First Manned Landing D．Working on Space Experiments
二、任务型阅读
请阅读以下短文，从A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选择相对应的小技巧，并回答第5题。
Listening is an important ability in the communication. Without the ability of effective (有效的) listening, messages are easily misunderstood. If there is one communication ability you should learm, then listening is it. Here are four tips for effective listening.
1
When someone is speaking, it’s time to stop what else you are doing, so you can focus on listening. Put your phone away, turn away from your computer, put aside your thoughts about what you’re going to have for lunch, and just listen to what they’re saying.
2
There are a number of signs to show that you are listening. For example, when people are listening carefully, they will make eye contact with the speaker, nod, and make sounds such as ‘Mm-hm’. This makes the speaker more likely to continue.
3
The words that speakers choose are important. However, a huge amount of communication is non-verbal (非语言的). For example, when we are excited, we will talk faster, and more loudly, and the pitch of our voice goes up. When we are upset about something, our voices drop, and we may avoid eye contact. So you can listen to not only words but also what the speakers really mean.
4
Listening does not mean never talking yourself. An important part of the listening is making sure that you have fully understood the message. Asking questions is one of the easiest ways to show that you are listening as well as whether you have understood the message or not.
A．Show the speaker you are listening.
B．Be prepared to ask for more information.
C． Start by stopping.
D．Listen for both words and meaning—including feelings.
E. Put yourself in the speaker’s shoes.
16．
17．
18．
19．
20．Which of the above four tips is the most helpful to you Why (回答不少于20词)
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Thirteen-year-old Orion Jean is a kindness ambassador (大使). The TIME 2021Kid of the Year is still changing the world. “You never know the impact (影响) that one 21 will make,” he tells TIME for Kids.
To date, Orion has donated more than 100,000 meals to 22 families and more than 500,000 books to kids. He has also published books. His 23 book was A Kids Book About Leadership. It’s about 24 everyone can become a leader. “We 25 feel like we have our limitations (缺陷),” he says. “If we let go of that, forget all of our shortcomings or just choose not to let them hold us back, then 26 can reach our full potential (潜能).” Orion’s second book is Race to Kindness. It 27 on May 7. He says it shows how everybody can be kind. “One of the easiest ways to be kind,” Orion says, “is to just 28 to go out there and do it.”
In 2020, Orion took a chance. He wrote a 29 about kindness and entered it in a competition. 30 , he won! Orion used the prize money to start spreading his kindness far and 31
For his first charity event, Orion collected toys. He 32 toys to the Dallas Children’s Hospital, in Texas. “The nurses told me that it was the 33 donation (捐赠) they had ever received in their time there, and that the kids were going to be so 34 ,” Orion says.
Orion’s latest project is the Race to 1,000,000 Kindnesses. It’s about people getting out there and spreading kindness,” he says. Orion is hoping that 35 one year, people will perform a million acts of kindness.
“Anything is possible with the power of belief, the power of kindness,” Orion says. “Just choose to go out there and be kind.”
21．A．happiness B．kindness C．loneliness D．weakness
22．A．rich B．poor C．lucky D．friendly
23．A．first B．second C．next D．last
24．A．why B．how C．when D．where
25．A．all B．both C．either D．neither
26．A．I B．they C．we D．you
27．A．fixes up B．gets off C．comes out D．takes down
28．A．prepare B．accept C．change D．choose
29．A．speech B．diary C．note D．letter
30．A．Suddenly B．Secretly C．Luckily D．Certainly
31．A．long B．short C．low D．wide
32．A．bought B．lent C．returned D．sent
33．A．largest B．weakest C．quickest D．craziest
34．A．afraid B．happy C．sad D．angry
35．A．for B．with C．in D．by
四、选词填空
A．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确。每词仅用一次 (每空一词）。
sell hold memory they how
Jeff has collected many things over the years, but he doesn’t use some of 36 any more. He thinks it a good idea to sell them, so he plans to have a yard sale. Though it’s hard to say goodbye to certain things, he still wants to 37 them to someone who needs them at a low price.
One of the things he is going to sell is his bike. He 38 the bike three years ago and he learned 39 to ride a bike on it. It’s hard for him to sell the bike because it is his first bike and it always brings back some sweet 40 to him. But the truth is that he may never use it again and it does take up a lot of space.
五、短文填空
B．根据短文内容和首字母提示，用单词的正确形式完成以下短文。
There is always a discussion about whether kids should do chores at home or not. Many parents decide to a 41 their kids to enjoy their life when they’re still young. They think it is a w 42 of time for kids to do chores. Others may think children can’t do the housework well. They seem to be right, but they don’t realize the i 43 of giving kids chores. There are several reasons why we should e 44 kids to do chores.
Chores help improve life s 45 . They’re young now, but when they grow up, they need to do some chores, such as washing, cooking, making the bed and s 46 the floor. They can’t learn them at school.
Chores help kids learn to be independent. Cleaning their rooms or washing their clothes can make them d 47 less on others. At the same time, they will think they can take care of t 48 .
Chores help kids u 49 the idea of fairness. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
Chores help kids learn to d 50 with time. It feels like there are a lot of things to do in a day. How to spend time on them Chores can help kids learn to plan their time in a right way.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Chinese medicinal cuisine (药膳) has a long history and it is 51 ancient healing art. It is one of our China’s 52 (nation) treasures.
Chinese people 53 (learn) the value of eating food since hundreds of years ago. The Huangdi Neijing, a 54 (wide) known book, lists hundreds of plant, animal, and chemical ingredients and contains many basic ideas of Chinese food therapy (食疗). The book gives advice about 55 to eat correctly for different health conditions.
Nowadays, with the spread of Chinese culture, more and more visitors become 56 (interest) in medicinal cuisine and fall in love 57 it. Duck soup, which is one of 58 (famous) Chinese medicinal cuisines, is believed to have the function of getting rid of summer heat. It can 59 (offer) a delicious taste instead of bitterness like Traditional Chinese medicine.
As Chinese teenagers, we should always remember to take the responsibility for 60 (introduce) and spreading Chinese culture to the world.
六、书面表达
61．学校学生会正在招募志愿者，向外国来访学生讲中国故事，以弘扬中国传统文化。假如你是李华，请你根据以下海报信息，用英语给校学生会写封自荐信。
Volunteer Wanted Do you like stories of China Are you good at English We are looking for volunteers who can tell Chinese stories in English! Would you like to join us If you want to be one of us, please let us know: What’s your personality (性格) What are your advantages(优势) Why would you like to be a volunteer E-mail us at storiesofchina@ Students Wnion
注意：
（1）文中不得出现真实姓名，学校等信息；
（2）内容须包含以上信息，可适当发挥；
（3）字数70词左右，首尾句已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m Li Hua. I’d like to join in your volunteer work. Now let me introduce myself.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I will be really honored if I can be one of you. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D
1．细节理解题。根据“By Mark Twain”可知，作者是Mark Twain。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“In the end, they both go back to their own lives with rich experience and a new friend.”可知，王子和乞丐都从这次经历中学到了很多。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“We recommend a good book every week, especially for the students who like reading books.”可知，这本书可能是给学生推荐的。故选D。
4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B
4．细节理解题。根据“However, he often felt unhappy because he had so many problems every day and didn’t know how to solve them.”可知，因为他不得不面对生活中的许多问题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“I’m very unhappy with my life because of a lot of problems. Please tell me how to solve them.”；“The next morning, the old man asked James how his night went. James replied, ‘Last night, I didn’t sleep at all. But I did make all the camels sit down at last.’”；“James felt a sense of understanding. It changed the way he saw life’s problems and he became happier than before.”可知，事情的发展顺序是：④詹姆斯请老人解决他的问题；①詹姆斯为了照顾骆驼彻夜未眠；②有人问詹姆斯晚上过得怎么样；③詹姆斯改变了处理问题的方式。故选A。
6．推理判断题。通读文章可知，詹姆斯请求帮助。老者让詹姆斯照看这些骆驼一夜，确保它们都坐下休息好。第二天，老者通过詹姆斯的经历告诉他，面对问题就像对待骆驼一样，尽力而为即可。所以我认为老人乐于助人且聪明。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据“Actually, problems are just like camels-no matter how many problems you have to face every day, just try your best and…”可知，此处在描述如何解决问题，B选项“想出不同的主意来解决它们。”符合语境。故选B。
8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D
8．词句猜测题。根据“The fridge is a perfect choice to keep food safe and fresh, but it is not a magic box.”可知，冰箱是保持食物安全和新鲜的完美选择，划线句子表示转折，应该是说“冰箱不能保证所有食物的安全和新鲜”。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“Keep proper temperature. Keeping food in the fridge does not kill bacteria (细菌) but it can stop the bacteria from growing fast.”可知，保持适当的温度可以减缓细菌的生长。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据“Follow these tips and learn how to store food correctly.”可知，本文主要介绍了一些在冰箱里储存食物的技巧。故选B。
11．篇章结构题。通读文章可知，第一段引出食物储存的话题；第二三四段介绍储存食物的方法；第五段总结，因此文章的结构是总分总。故选D。
12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
12．细节理解题。根据“They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics.”以及“The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it.”可知，鱼缸被带到了空间站，以帮助宇航员进行实验。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans.”可知，因为它们在宇宙飞船里很容易喂养并且它们与人类有超过三分之二的基因相同。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据“Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space Have you ever imagined raising fish in space Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality!”可知，本文可能摘自于杂志的太空部分。故选C。
15．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船将在太空完成的任务和意义。因此文章的最佳标题为“从事太空实验”。故选D。
16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．I think starting by stopping is the most helpful because it can show my politeness and tell others I am listening carefully.
16．根据“When someone is speaking, it’s time to stop what else you are doing, so you can focus on listening.”可知，本段介绍先停下手头的事情在开始，C选项“从停止开始。”符合语境。故选C。
17．根据“There are a number of signs to show that you are listening.”可知，本段介绍告诉说话的人你在倾听，A选项“告诉说话者你正在听。”符合语境。故选A。
18．根据“So you can listen to not only words but also what the speakers really mean.”可知，本段介绍倾听语言和它背后真正的意思，D选项“倾听单词和意思——包括感觉。”符合语境。故选D。
19．根据“Asking questions is one of the easiest ways to show that you are listening as well as whether you have understood the message or not.”可知，本段介绍倾听也可以提问，B选项“准备好询问更多信息。”符合语境。故选B。
20．开放性习题，答案不唯一，参考答案为：I think starting by stopping is the most helpful because it can show my politeness and tell others I am listening carefully.
21．B 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．C
21．句意：你永远不知道一个善举会产生怎样的影响。
happiness开心；kindness善良；loneliness孤独；weakness弱点。根据“Orion has donated more than 100,000 meals”可知，此处指的是“善举产生的影响”。故选B。
22．句意：迄今为止，奥利安已经向贫困家庭捐赠了超过100000份食物，向孩子们捐赠了超过500000本书。
rich富裕的；poor贫穷的；lucky幸运的；friendly友好的。根据“Orion has donated more than 100,000 meals”可知，此处指的是“向贫困家庭捐赠食物”。故选B。
23．句意：他的第一本书是《一本关于领导力的儿童读物》。
first第一；second第二；next下一个；last最后。根据“Orion’s second book is Race to Kindness.”可知，此处指的是“他的第一本书”。故选A。
24．句意：这是关于每个人如何成为领导者。
why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“…book was A Kids Book About Leadership.”可知，此处描述的是“如何成为领导者”。故选B。
25．句意：我们都觉得自己有局限性。
all所有；both两者都；either两者中的任何一个；neither两者都不。根据“If we let go of that, forget all of our shortcomings or just choose not to let them hold us back, then…can reach our full potential (潜能).”可知，此处指的是“我们所有人”，应该用all。故选A。
26．句意：如果我们放下这些，忘记我们所有的缺点，或者选择不让它们阻碍我们，那么我们就能充分发挥我们的潜力。
I我；they他们；we我们；you你。根据“…can reach our full potential (潜能).”可知，此处指的是“我们”发挥我们的潜能。故选C。
27．句意：它将于5月7日出版。
fixes up修理；gets off下车；comes out出版；takes down记下。根据“Orion’s second book is Race to Kindness.”可知，此处指的是“第二本书出版”。故选C。
28．句意：就是选择走出去去做。
prepare准备；accept接受；change改变；choose选择。根据“…to go out there and do it.”可知，此处指的是“选择走出去做”。故选D。
29．句意：他写了一篇关于善良的演讲，并参加了一场比赛。
speech演讲；diary日记；note笔记；letter信。根据“…about kindness and entered it in a competition.”可知，此处指的是“一篇演讲稿”。故选A。
30．句意：幸运的是，他赢了！
Suddenly突然；Secretly秘密地；Luckily幸运地；Certainly必然地。根据“he won!”可知，这是一件幸运的事情。故选C。
31．句意：奥利安用奖金开始将他的善举广为传播。
long长的；short短的；low低的；wide广的。根据“start spreading his kindness far and…”可知，此处指的是“广为传播他的善举”。故选D。
32．句意：他把玩具送到了德克萨斯州的达拉斯儿童医院。
bought买；lent借；returned返回；sent送。根据“The nurses told me that it was the…donation (捐赠) they had ever received in their time there”可知，此处指的是“应该给儿童医院送去了玩具”。故选D。
33．句意：护士们告诉我，这是她们在那里工作期间收到的最大一笔捐赠，孩子们会非常高兴的。
largest最大的；weakest最弱的；quickest最快的；craziest最疯狂的。根据“…donation (捐赠) they had ever received in their time there”可知，此处指的是“收到的最大一笔捐赠”。故选A。
34．句意：护士们告诉我，这是她们在那里工作期间收到的最大一笔捐赠，孩子们会非常高兴的。
afraid害怕的；happy开心的；sad伤心的；angry生气的。根据“…toys to the Dallas Children’s Hospital”可知，收到玩具孩子们肯定很开心。故选B。
35．句意：奥利安希望在一年内，人们会做一百万件好事。
for为了；with和；in在……里面；by通过。根据“people will perform a million acts of kindness”可知，此处指的是“在一年之内”，应该用介词in。故选C。
36．them 37．sell 38．held 39．how 40．memories
36．句意：杰夫这些年来收集了许多东西，但是他不再使用其中的一些了。介词后跟宾语，用they的宾格them代指many things。故填them。
37．句意：虽然很难对某些东西说再见，但他仍然想把它们低价卖给需要它们的人。根据“at a low price”可知，此处指的是“以低价卖给需要它们的人”，sell意为“卖”，与空前to构成不定式。故填sell。
38．句意：三年前他拥有了这辆自行车，并学会了如何骑自行车。此处指的是“三年前就拥有这辆车”，hold意为“拥有”，此处用动词过去式held。故填held。
39．句意：三年前他拥有了这辆自行车，并学会了如何骑自行车。根据“…to ride a bike on it.”可知，此处指的是“学会如何骑车”，用“疑问词how+不定式”。故填how。
40．句意：对他来说，卖掉这辆自行车很难，因为这是他的第一辆自行车，它总能给他带来一些美好的回忆。根据“brings back some sweet…”以及所给单词可知，此处指的是“带来一些美好的回忆”，memories意为“回忆”，用可数名词复数形式。故填memories。
41．(a)llow 42．(w)aste 43．(i)mportance 44．(e)ncourage 45．(s)kills 46．(s)weeping 47．(d)epend 48．(t)hemselves 49．(u)nderstand 50．(d)eal
41．句意：许多父母决定让他们的孩子在他们还小的时候享受生活。根据“Many parents decide to…their kids to enjoy their life when they’re still young.”及首字母提示可知，此处应为固定短语allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，此处为动词不定式，因此填动词原形allow。故填(a)llow。
42．句意：他们认为让孩子做家务是浪费时间。根据“They think it is a…of time for kids to do chores.”及首字母提示可知，此处指浪费时间，应用waste“浪费”表示。故填(w)aste。
43．句意：但他们没有意识到给孩子分配家务的重要性。根据下文“Chores help kids learn to be independent.”及首字母提示，此处是指孩子做家务的重要性，应用名词importance“重要性”表示。故填(i)mportance。
44．句意：我们应该鼓励孩子做家务的原因有以下几个。根据下文及首字母提示，此处是指鼓励，应用encourage“鼓励”表示，空前有情态动词should，此处应用动词原形。故填(e)ncourage。
45．句意：家务可以帮助提高生活技能。根据“They’re young now, but when they grow up, they need to do some chores, such as washing…”以及首字母提示，此处指生活技巧，应用名词skill“技能”表示，为可数名词，空处前无冠词，应用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填(s)kills。
46．句意：他们现在还小，但是当他们长大后，他们需要做一些家务，比如洗衣服、做饭、铺床和擦地板。根据“the floor”及首字母可知，此处表达“扫地”用动词sweep，由such as可知，介词后接动名词形式sweeping。故填(s)weeping。
47．句意：清理自己的房间或洗自己的衣服可以让他们更少依赖别人。根据“Chores help kids learn to be independent.”及“…less on others”可知，做家务可以让他们变得更独立，depend less on others意为“减少对别人的依赖”；使役动词make后接动词原形depend作宾补。故填(d)epend。
48．句意：同时，他们会觉得他们能够照顾好他们自己。根据“At the same time, they will think they can take care of…”及首字母提示可知，此处用反身代词themselves表示“他们自己”。故填(t)hemselves。
49．句意：家务可以帮助孩子理解公平的概念。根据“…the idea of fairness”及首字母提示可知，应用动词understand表示“理解”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，此处应用动词原形。故填(u)nderstand。
50．句意：家务可以帮助孩子学会如何处理时间。根据“Chores help kids learn to…with time.”及首字母提示可知，应用动词deal表示“处理”，空有不定式符号to，因此用动词原形。故填(d)eal。
51．an 52．national 53．have learned/have learnt 54．widely 55．how 56．interested 57．with 58．the most famous 59．offer 60．introducing
51．句意：中国药膳历史悠久，是一种古老的治疗艺术。根据“it is...ancient healing art.”可知，空处应填冠词a/an，表示泛指，ancient为元音音素开头的单词，用冠词an。故填an。
52．句意：它是我们的民族宝藏之一。根据“It is one of our China’s...treasures.”可知，空处应用形容词修饰名词treasures，名词nation应变形为形容词national。故填national。
53．句意：中国人自几百年前就知道了吃食物的价值。根据“Chinese people...the value of eating food since hundreds of years ago.”可知，空处在句中是谓语动词，时间状语since hundreds of years ago“自从几百年前”，应用现在完成时表示动词从过去一直延续到现在，用have/has done结构，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have learned/ have learnt。
54．句意：《黄帝内经》是一本被广泛知晓的书本，列举了数百种植物、动物和化学成分，并包含了许多中国食疗的基本思想。根据“a...known book”可知，空处应用副词修饰形容词known“已知的”，形容词wide应变形为副词widely。故填widely。
55．句意：这本书给出了关于在不同健康状态下如何正确饮食的建议。根据“The book gives advice about...to eat correctly for different health conditions.”可知，此处是疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语，结合语义，表示如何正确饮食，用副词how。故填how。
56．句意：如今，随着中国文化的传播，越来越多游客对药膳产生了兴趣并爱上了它。根据“become...in medicinal cuisine”可知，此处考查短语become interested in...“对……产生兴趣”，become为系动词，后接形容词interested作表语。故填interested。
57．句意：如今，随着中国文化的传播，越来越多游客对药膳产生了兴趣并爱上了它。根据“fall in love...it”可知，此处考查动词短语fall in love with sth.“爱上某物”，用介词with。故填with。
58．句意：鸭汤是著名的中国药膳之一，被认为具有消暑的作用。根据“one of...Chinese medicinal cuisines”可知，此处考查结构“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……的……之一”，形容词famous最高级为most famous，前加冠词the。故填the most famous。
59．句意：它可以提供一种美味的味道，而不是像传统中药那样的苦味。根据“It can...a delicious taste instead of bitterness like Traditional Chinese medicine.”可知，空前是情态动词can，后接动词原形。故填offer。
60．句意：作为中国的青少年，我们应该永远记住，要承担起向世界介绍和传播中国文化的责任。根据“take the responsibility for...and spreading Chinese culture to the world”可知，空前是介词for，后接动词动名词形式introducing。故填introducing。
61．
【详解】①题材：本文是一篇书信作文；
②时态：主要是一般现在时；
③提示：根据所给海报中提到的问题介绍自己，可适当发挥，使上下文连贯。
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