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河南省商丘市虞城县2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
A Versailles Bike Tour Take a tour of Versailles in a different way—by bicycle! It’s the only way to see Versailles’ large gardens and you’ll get to see the beauty of Versailles that most visitors miss. You’ll also enjoy a picnic by the Grand Canal (大运河) and then take a tour of the Palace of Versailles.
Basic Information: Lasts: 9 hours Where to meet: Outside of the subway station (Line 10) in Paris Where to dismiss (解散): Return to the same point and depart (离开) at about 6: 00 pm. Means of transportation (交通方式): Together with the guide, you’ll walk to the RER train station to travel to Versailles by train. Then pick up your bike at an office just 5 minutes from the Palace of Versailles.
What You Will Enjoy: ☆A visit to Versailles’ village market to buy cheese, bread, wine and anything else you wish for your delicious picnic lunch. ☆A bike ride through the gardens behind the palace. Bring your camera for pictures. The gardens are beautiful in every direction. ☆Arriving at the far end of the Grand Canal, you’ll sit down for a picnic. ☆Cycle back to the palace and have a look at the lives of the King. You’ll visit the Hall of Mirrors, the King’s State Apartments and so on.
Ticket Prices: Man: 50 dollars Woman: 40 dollars Kids 12~18: 20 dollars (children under 12 can’t take part) For more information, please visit www.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．When should the visitors and tour guide meet at the subway station
A．At about 9: 00 am. B．At about 11: 00 am.
C．At about 1: 00 pm. D．At about 2: 00 pm.
2．Where will the visitors have a picnic
A．In the gardens of Versailles. B．By the Grand Canal.
C．At the RER train Station. D．In the Hall of Mirrors.
3．If 14-year-old John and his parents take part in the Versailles bike tour, how much will they spend
A．60 dollars. B．70 dollars. C．90 dollars. D．110 dollars.
4．What can you do to know more about the tour
A．Give them a phone call. B．Go to their office to ask.
C．Write a letter to them. D．Visit their website.
5．In which part of the newspaper may we read the text
A．History. B．News. C．Travel. D．Arts.
John liked saying “yes” to others. He thought it was a lovely word.
One day, during lunchtime at school, John’s friend Chorro asked John to give him his lunch. Chorro seemed to forget his lunch every day, but he never cared. He knew John would only say yes. Sure enough, John gave his lunch to Chorro, although he was very hungry.
The next morning, the teacher asked everyone to hand in their homework. Chorro didn’t do his. He wasn’t worried at all, because he had a good friend. “John, give me yours!” said Chorro.
John didn’t want to do that. If he did so, he would have nothing to hand in. But John liked to say yes. Finally, Chorro happily handed in “his” homework to the teacher.
The teacher asked John, “Where is your homework, John ”
John didn’t want to lie. “I gave it to Chorro,” he replied.
“What ” The teacher’s eyes were wide open. The answer wasn’t what she had expected. But she wasn’t angry. Instead, she asked patiently (耐心地), “Why did you give your homework to Chorro ”
“Because he would be punished (处罚) without my homework. I’m a kind person. If someone needs my help, I should say yes!” said John.
The teacher smiled and said, “It’s good to be kind, but you must be kind to yourself first and only say yes to things you’re happy to do. I hope you can understand this.”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6．What happened during lunchtime
A．John didn’t eat anything. B．Chorro was hungry all noon.
C．John forgot to bring his lunch. D．Chorro shared his lunch with John.
7．Why wasn’t Chorro worried about not doing his homework
A．Because John had already done his homework for him.
B．Because he knew the teacher would not punish him.
C．Because he didn’t have to hand in his homework.
D．Because he knew John would give his homework to him.
8．What does the underlined word “so” refer to
A．The thing that John gave his homework to Chorro.
B．The thing that Chorro couldn’t hand in his homework.
C．The thing that John didn’t give lunch to Chorro.
D．The thing that Chorro handed in John’s homework.
9．How did the teacher feel when she heard the answer
A．Mad. B．Excited. C．Surprised. D．Scared.
10．What did the teacher want John to understand
A．He should make friends with kind people.
B．He should learn to say no.
C．He should help others when they need help.
D．He should do things on his own.
Have you ever heard of Yongchuan in Chongqing It’s in the eastern part of Chongqing. Many people didn’t know it well in the past. However, it’s getting popular these days.
Yongchuan has been the first to offer a fully driverless taxi service in China. There’re many pickup stations near schools, hospitals, communities (社区) and office buildings.
People can call a driverless taxi by placing an order on their smartphones and then wait at the nearest pickup station. In a few minutes, a white car will stop at the station. There’s a screen on the car window. People need to enter (输入) the last four numbers of their mobile phones on the screen to get into the car.
Yongchuan is famous for not only its driverless taxi but also its ancient town Songji. It’s in the south of Yongchuan. The government there has repaired the old buildings and roads. Also, it has worked hard to preserve the historical and cultural heritage (遗产) to make sure it’s in good condition.
Wang Peng, an old pingshu (storytelling) artist, has always tried to make Songji famous. He works as a pingshu artist in a teahouse and has lived in Songji for over 40 years. He always introduces Songji first before telling a story. He hopes tourists can get to know the town better.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
11．What do we know about Yongchuan
A．It’s in the north of Chongqing.
B．It’s the most popular place in Chongqing.
C．People can enjoy a fully driverless taxi service there.
D．The government will build more pickup stations there.
12．What’s the third paragraph mainly about
A．How people take a driverless taxi.
B．What people think of the driverless taxi.
C．Why people choose to take the driverless taxi.
D．How a driverless taxi is different from other taxis.
13．What does the underlined word “preserve” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Accept. B．Record. C．Improve. D．Protect.
14．What can we learn from the text
A．There’s only driverless taxi service in Yongchuan.
B．Passengers can wait for a driverless taxi at their workplace.
C．Wang Peng mainly tells pingshu in the ancient town Songji.
D．Wang Peng always tells a story before introducing Songji.
15．What’s the best title for the text
A．A famous pingshu artist B．Yongchuan—a great place to visit
C．A wonderful tour in Songji D．Great changes in Yongchuan
In our life, we need to have dreams and goals (目标). Then how do we set life goals 16
What are life goals Life goals are what we want to get. 17 They are personal plans but they can be different in many ways.
18 Lots of us have dreams. We know what makes us happy and what we would love to try. Setting goals is useful in making our dreams come true. First, setting goals can tell us what to do next. Second, if we know what we want to be and want to do, we can have the right direction (方向) in our life. We won’t do useless things. 19
How can we set life goals Here’s an example. Anna wants to be a teacher. She sets her goal as “being an English teacher two years later”, but not an easy goal like “helping my brother with his homework”. It’s difficult to make her goal come true in a short time, but she’ll try her best. 20
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A．Here are some ideas.
B．Why should we set goals in life
C．And they make our life much more meaningful.
D．Finally, setting goals can make us live more happily.
E．Remember the more difficult your goal is, the more you’ll get.
二、完形填空
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Once upon a time, there was a king named Edward. His minister (大臣), Dominic, helped him. Dominic was a clever and 21 man. He had the talent in solving the trouble. 22 , nobody was perfect in this world. He was very short.
One day, King Edward 23 Dominic to a neighboring country. The king of that country was an unkind person.
As soon as the king saw Dominic, he noticed his 24 . “Isn’t there a better person than you Your king has sent such a short person,” he said.
Hearing this, Dominic felt 25 . But knowing what situation he faced, he tried to 26 his anger (怒火). He looked at the king and said, “There are many 27 people in my country. When they 28 , their heads cover the sun. They can walk one kilometer when they take just one step.”
The king asked, “If such people are in your country, 29 did your king send you here ”
Domini c said, “In fact, my country has a custom (风俗). My king has sent 30 here according to it.”
“What’s the custom ” asked the king.
Dominic replied, “My king usually sends people according to the 31 of each country. For example, he sends a smart person to a clever king’s country, and a 32 person to a silly king’s country. I’m the most stupid person in my country, 33 he has sent me here.”
After hearing the words, the king dropped his head in 34 and said sorry to Dominic. He 35 that he shouldn’t have laughed at Dominic. And he decided to talk with others kindly from then on.
21．A．brave B．lazy C．lonely D．handsome
22．A．Also B．However C．Still D．Again
23．A．invited B．agreed C．offered D．sent
24．A．habit B．work C．height D．deal
25．A．angry B．excited C．tired D．weak
26．A．show B．hide C．push D．beat
27．A．short B．fair C．huge D．kind
28．A．stand up B．sit down C．fix up D．put down
29．A．how B．when C．where D．why
30．A．him B．me C．you D．them
31．A．situation B．population C．environment D．technology
32．A．common B．great C．stupid D．clever
33．A．so B．but C．since D．while
34．A．fear B．surprise C．shame D．danger
35．A．decided B．realized C．hoped D．promised
三、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
one angry but he toy check soft among with while
Hunter is my little brother. A small, blue truck is his favorite 36 his toys. It’s as small as his hand. The doors and wheels on the little truck can move. Hunter spends hours every day playing with 37 truck. He goes to bed 38 it at night and sits next to it at the table while eating breakfast, lunch and dinner.
Yesterday, our little cousin Carrie came over to play. Anytime Carrie gets a toy, she breaks it. Hunter didn’t want his truck to get broken, but Mom always made him share his 39 . When Carrie arrived, she shouted, “Where is Hunter’s blue truck I want to play with it.” Hunter handed her the truck and told her to play with it for a short 40 .
The 41 thing Carrie did was to hold the truck up over her head and then drop it on the floor. “Boom!” She laughed loudly. “Stop!” Hunter shouted. He picked up his truck and 42 it. Oh! The truck was broken! “You broke it!” Hunter was 43 with Carrie. Carrie looked at him quietly and then said sorry 44 .
Hunter had to forgive (原谅) her, 45 he decided to hide his truck the next time Carrie came over.
四、短文填空
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Not all penguins (企鹅) live in cold places. African penguins live in the south of Africa. Like other penguins, African penguins spend most of the day feeding in the ocean, and this helps them stay cool.
Most other penguins lay (产) their eggs in the open. However, African penguins do it in 46 different way. They dig holes 47 protect their eggs from the hot sun. They also stay in some cool places when they can. After that, they start going out and return to the hole to stay cool and stay away from dangerous animals. On land, some animals such as dogs 48 cats can eat them. In the water, they have to keep away from other big sea life.
The African penguins are 49 danger now. There 50 only about 52,000 wild African penguins left. People pick penguin eggs for sale. The sea is polluted, so they are losing their homes.
五、补全对话
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Good afternoon, Eric! I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where did you go last month
B: 51 .
A: Where is Zhengzhou
B: It’s in the middle of Henan.
A: 52
B: It’s famous for the Shaolin Temple and the Yellow River.
A: Are there any people enjoying their holidays in Zhengzhou
B: 53 . Lots of visitors go to the city to spend holidays every year.
A: How long did you stay there
B: For three days.
A: 54
B: Certainly. We took many photos there. 55 .
A: What an exciting trip! I hope I can visit Zhengzhou one day.
六、书面表达
56．为了鼓励同学们放飞青春梦想，努力成为德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，你校英语俱乐部打算举办题为“How to improve myself”的征文活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文投稿。
提示：1.改掉坏习惯；2.多进行阅读；3.开始一项新的爱好；4.……
要求：1.习作须包括提示要点，可适当发挥；2.语句通顺、语意连贯；3.词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
How to improve myself
Everyone wants to get better and better, and so do I. In order to improve myself, I’ll do as follows.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C
1．推理判断题。根据“Lasts: 9 hours”和“Return to the same point and depart (离开) at about 6:00 pm”可知，见面时间是早上9点。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Arriving at the far end of the Grand Canal, you’ll sit down for a picnic.”可知在大运河野餐。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“Man: 50 dollars Woman: 40 dollars Kids 12~18: 20 dollars (children under 12 can’t take part)”可知14岁的约翰和父母共需支付20+50+40=110美元。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“For more information, please visit www.”可知访问网站以获得更多信息。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“A Versailles Bike Tour”可知在报纸的旅游版块可以读到本文。故选C。
6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B
6．细节理解题。根据“Sure enough, John gave his lunch to Chorro, although he was very hungry.”可知，John把午餐给了Chorro，他自己没得吃。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“He wasn’t worried at all, because he had a good friend. “John, give me yours!” said Chorro.”可知因为他知道约翰会把作业交给他。故选D。
8．词句猜测题。根据“The next morning, the teacher asked everyone to hand in their homework. Chorro didn’t do his. He wasn’t worried at all because he had a good friend. ‘John, give me yours!’ said Chorro.”可知，Chorro让John把他的作业给自己去上交，但John不想那样做，如果John这样做，他自己就没有作业可以上交了。因此，so指代John把作业交给Chorro这件事。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据“‘What ’ The teacher’s eyes were wide open. The answer wasn’t what she had expected. But she wasn’t angry.”可知，老师听到回答后眼睛睁得很大，显然这个回答她并没有想到，说明她很惊讶。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据“It’s good to be kind, but you must be kind to yourself first and only say yes to things you’re happy to do. I hope you can understand this.”可知，老师想要John明白：善良是好的，但必须首先善待自己，只对自己乐意做的事情说“是”。说明他应该学会拒绝自己不乐意做的事情。故选B。
11．C 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
11．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Yongchuan has been the first to offer a fully driverless taxi service in China.”可知，永川率先提供无人驾驶出租车服务。故选C。
12．主旨大意题。根据“People can call a driverless taxi by placing an order on their smartphones and then wait at the nearest pickup station.”可知，本段主要讲述如何乘坐无人驾驶出租车。故选A。
13．词句猜测题。根据文中的句子“The government there has repaired the old buildings and roads.”以及划线词所在句中的目的状语“to make sure it’s in good condition.”可猜测，政府是在努力保护历史和文化遗产，所以划线词“preserve”的意思是：保护。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据文中的句子“Wang Peng, an old pingshu (storytelling) artist, has always tried to make Songji famous… He always introduces Songji first before telling a story.”可知，王鹏主要讲述的是宋吉古镇的评书。故选C。
15．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了重庆永川地区，该地区不仅拥有无人驾驶的出租车服务，还有著名的松溉古镇，因此是一个旅游的好地方。故选B。
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 20．E
16．根据“Then how do we set life goals ”且位于首段最后一句，可知有着开启下文的作用，所以此处表达自己有一些建议，选项A“这里有一些主意。”符合语境。故选A。
17．根据“What are life goals Life goals are what we want to get.”可知，此处介绍生活目标，选项C“并且它们让我们的生活更有意义。”符合语境。故选C。
18．本段讲的是树立生活目标的原因，结合前后段的首句可知，此处用疑问句开启本段，选项B“我们为什么应该树立生活中的目标呢？”符合语境。故选B。
19．根据“First...Second...”可知，此处在举例子，选项D“最后，树立目标能让我们生活得更加幸福。”符合语境。故选D。
20．根据前文“It’s difficult to make her goal come true in a short time, but she’ll try her best.”可知，此处表示要树立困难的目标，选项E“记住，你的目标越难，你会得到的越多。”符合语境。故选E。
21．A 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．B
21．句意：Dominic是一个聪明且勇敢的人。
brave勇敢的；lazy懒惰的；lonely孤独的；handsome英俊的。根据“He had the talent in solving the trouble.”可知，他有解决麻烦的才能，说明他是勇敢的，故选A。
22．句意：然而，在这个世界上没有人是完美的。
Also也；However然而；Still仍然；Again再一次。前句说Dominic聪明勇敢，后句说他不完美，前后为转折关系，故选B。
23．句意：一天，国王Edward派Dominic去一个邻国。
invited邀请；agreed同意；offered提供；sent派遣。根据“As soon as the king saw Dominic...”可知，国王是派Dominic去了邻国，故选D。
24．句意：国王一看到Dominic，就注意到了他的身高。
habit习惯；work工作；height身高；deal交易。根据“He was very short.”可知，国王注意到的是他的身高，故选C。
25．句意：听到这话，Dominic感到很生气。
angry生气的；excited兴奋的；tired疲惫的；weak虚弱的。根据“his anger”可知，Dominic会感到生气，故选A。
26．句意：但知道自己面临的情况，他试图隐藏自己的怒火。
show展示；hide隐藏；push推；beat打败。根据“He looked at the king and said...”可知，他没有表现出怒火，而是隐藏了起来，故选B。
27．句意：他看着国王说：“我国有很多高大的人。”
short矮的；fair公平的；huge巨大的；kind善良的。根据“their heads cover the sun. They can walk one kilometer when they take just one step.”可知，这些人很高大，故选C。
28．句意：当他们站起来时，他们的头能遮住太阳。
stand up站起来；sit down坐下；fix up修理；put down放下。根据“They can walk”可知，是站起来才能走，故选A。
29．句意：国王问：“如果你的国家有这样的人，为什么你的国王派你来这里？”
how如何；when何时；where哪里；why为什么。根据回答“In fact, my country has a custom”可知，国王询问的是原因，故选D。
30．句意：Dominic说：“事实上，我国有一个风俗。我的国王根据这个风俗派我来这里。”
him他；me我；you你；them他们。前文国王问为什么派他过来，所以这里Dominic说的是自己，故选B。
31．句意：Dominic回答说：“我的国王通常根据每个国家的情况派人。”
situation情况；population人口；environment环境；technology技术。根据“For example, he sends a smart person to a clever king’s country”可知，是根据国家的情况派人，故选A。
32．句意：例如，他会派一个聪明的人去一个聪明的国王的国家，派一个愚蠢的人去一个愚蠢的国王的国家。
common普通的；great伟大的；stupid愚蠢的；clever聪明的。根据“For example, he sends a smart person to a clever king’s country”可知，与聪明的人相对的是愚蠢的人，故选C。
33．句意：我是我国最愚蠢的人，所以他派我来这里。
so所以；but但是；since自从；while当……时候。根据前文可知，国王根据国家的情况派人，因为他最愚蠢所以被派来这个国家，前后为因果关系，故选A。
34．句意：听了这些话，国王羞愧地低下了头，并向Dominic道歉。
fear害怕；surprise惊讶；shame羞愧；danger危险。根据“said sorry to Dominic”可知，他感到羞愧，故选C。
35．句意：他意识到他不应该嘲笑Dominic。
decided决定；realized意识到；hoped希望；promised承诺。根据“And he decided to talk with others kindly from then on”可知，国王意识到了自己的错误，故选B。
36．among 37．his 38．with 39．toys 40．while 41．first 42．checked 43．angry 44．softly 45．but
36．句意：一辆蓝色的小卡车是他最喜欢的玩具。根据“his toys.”和备选词可知，在所有玩具中最喜欢蓝色小卡车。among“在……中”。故填among。
37．句意：亨特每天花几个小时玩他的卡车。根据“Hunter spends hours every day playing with...truck.”可知，此处是指花时间玩他的车，修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词his，意为“他的”。故填his。
38．句意：他晚上和它一起睡觉，在吃早餐、午餐和晚餐的时候，坐在它旁边。根据“it”可知，是带着玩具一起睡觉，用介词with表示“带有，具有”。故填with。
39．句意：亨特不想让他的卡车坏掉，但妈妈总是让他和别人分享玩具。根据“Hunter handed her the truck”可知，妈妈是让亨特要分享自己的玩具，toy“玩具”符合语境；不止一个玩具，所以用复数形式。故填toys。
40．句意：亨特把卡车递给她，让她玩一会儿。根据“for a short...”和备选词可知，此处是短语for a short while“一小会儿”。故填while。
41．句意：嘉莉做的第一件事就是把卡车举过头顶，然后把它扔在地板上。根据“The...thing Carrie did was to hold the truck up over her head and then drop it on the floor.”可知，备选词“one”符合语境，表示第一件事，空处需用序数词first“第一”。故填first。
42．句意：他拿起他的卡车，检查了一下。根据“to hold the truck up over her head and then drop it on the floor.”和常识可知，亨特此时会检查卡车的情况，本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式checked“检查”。故填checked。
43．句意：亨特生嘉莉的气。根据“You broke it!”和备选词可知，卡车坏了，亨特是很生气的。故填angry。
44．句意：嘉莉静静地看着他，然后轻轻地说了声对不起。根据“Carrie looked at him quietly and then said sorry”可知，备选词soft“轻柔的”符合语境；修饰动词需用副词形式。故填softly。
45．句意：亨特不得不原谅她，但他决定下次嘉莉来的时候把他的卡车藏起来。分析句子可知，前后句之间是转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。
46．a 47．to 48．and 49．in 50．are
46．句意：然而，非洲企鹅以一种不同的方式做这件事。way”可数名词单数，different为辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。
47．句意：它们挖洞来保护它们的卵免受炎热太阳的伤害。根据“They dig holes”和“protect their eggs from the hot sun”可知，此处它们挖洞应该是为了达到保护卵的目的，所以，空处需填入不定式符号和空后的内容构成动词不定式，在句子中作目的状语，to符合语境。故填to。
48．句意：在陆地上，一些动物如狗和猫会吃它们。分析句子结构可知，此处空前的“dogs”和空后的“cats”都是作介词“as”的宾语，为并列关系，所以，并列连词and符合语境。故填and。
49．句意：非洲企鹅现在处于危险中。根据后文的“People pick penguin eggs for sale. The sea is polluted, so they are losing their homes.”可知，人们捡企鹅蛋销售。海被污染，所以它们正失去它们的家园。由此可推知，非洲企鹅现在处于危险中，in danger“在……危险中”为固定搭配，in符合语境。故填in。
50．句意：仅剩下52,000只野生非洲企鹅。根据“There...only about 52,000 wild African penguins left.”可知，句子为there be句型，在该句型中，be动词的单复数取决于它后面所接名词的单复数，所以，此处需填入复数形式的be动词；结合前文的“The African penguins are...danger now.”可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，所以，are符合语境。故填are。
51．I went to Zhengzhou (with my friends /parents) 52．What is it famous for 53．Yes, there are 54．Did you take any photos 55．And we had a good time there/And We enjoyed ourselves there
51．根据上文“Where did you go last month ”以及下文“Where is Zhengzhou ”可知此处应是回答说“我去了郑州。”故填I went to Zhengzhou (with my friends /parents)。
52．根据下文“It’s famous for the Shaolin Temple and the Yellow River.”可知此处应是问它以什么而著名，故填What is it famous for。
53．根据后一句“Lots of visitors go to the city to spend holidays every year.”可知每年会有很多游客来这里度假，因此此处应作肯定回答，故填Yes, there are。
54．根据下文“Certainly. We took many photos there.”可知此处应是问“你们拍了照片吗？”故填Did you take any photos。
55．根据上文“We took many photos there.”以及下文对方对本次旅行的感叹“What an exciting trip!”可知此处应是说这次旅行玩得很开心。故填And we had a very wonderful time/We enjoyed ourselves there。
56．
【详解】①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：本文时态有一般将来时，一般现在时；
③提示：本文的要点已基本给出，还需补充一点内容，要点与要点间要衔接顺畅。
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