资源简介

Unit 2　Onwards and upwards
【Step 1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
Katherine Johnson, NASA Mathematician美国国家航空航天局数学家凯瑟琳·约翰逊
　　Katherine Johnson,a mathematician who was one of NASA’s human “computers” and an unsung hero of the space agency’s early days. She calculated the flight path for America’s first crewed space mission and moon landing. Mrs Johnson broke barriers at NASA. In old age, Mrs Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency. Her story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film Hidden Figures, which was nominated (提名) for three Oscars, including Best Picture. She was one of a handful of African American women hired to do computing in the guidance and navigation department at Langley Research Center in Virginia. The women battled both racism and sexism. For some years at mid-century, the black women were forced to a double segregation (隔离):They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the mathematicians and engineers. 　　Johnson did calculations for the first moon landing, and later for the space shuttle program. President Barack Obama awarded her the nation’s highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, at a 2015 White House ceremony. “In her 33 years at NASA, Katherine was a pioneer who broke the barriers of race and gender, showing generations of young people that everyone can excel in math and science, and reach for the stars,” Obama said. “She helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,” NASA’s administrator, Jim Bridenstine, said in a statement on Monday, “even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human effort to explore space.” —https://www.npr.org (同源高考:2023年全国甲卷C篇阅读选自本网站)
金榜原创 1.Which is NOT true about Mrs Johnson (A) A.She starred in Hidden Figures. B.She was described as one of NASA’s human “computers”. C.She was not subjected to racial discrimination. D.She was awarded the nation’s highest civilian honor. 2.What can we learn from Mrs Johnson’s experience (D) A.Change the world for the better. B.Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance. C.Don’t judge a person by his appearance. D.Never be limited by the labels given by others. 一词多义(battle) 1.Long long ago a battle was fought here. n.战争 2.She won the admiration of many people in her battle against cancer. n.较量,对抗 3.After losing this decisive battle, the general was forced to concede. n.战役 4.Those brave firefighters are battling the flames. v.(和……)斗争,搏斗
【Step 2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.regret n.遗憾;后悔;懊悔;失望;痛惜 v.感到遗憾;懊悔;惋惜
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/一句多译
①It is with great regret that I say goodbye to you, but I never regret having spent(spend) such a good time with you.
②(牛津高阶词典)I regret to say(say) that we cannot let you have the picture.
③很遗憾地告诉你,我不能在约定的时间陪你去北京了。
I regret to tell you that I can’t accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret v.)
Much to my regret/To my great regret, I can’t accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret n.)
(1)regret to do sth.　　　很遗憾要做某事(还没有做)
(2)regret having done sth. 后悔做过某事
regret doing sth. 后悔做某事
(3)with great regret 非常遗憾
to one’s regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是
2.inform v.通知,告知(information n.信息)
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I will inform you of my decision concerning price tomorrow.
②(2023·北京高考)One of them is about how the most accessible information(inform) in the present affects decisions about the future.
③(2022·北京高考)You will be informed (inform)by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions.
④(牛津高阶词典)Please inform us of any changes of address.
地址若有变动请通知我们。
(1)inform sb. of/about sth.　通知某人某事
(2)inform sb. that... 通知某人……
(3)keep sb. informed of... 随时通知某人……;使某人知道……
(4)information n.信息,消息,资料(不可数名词)
a piece of information 一条消息
3.guarantee vt.保证;确保;肯定……必然发生
n.保证;保修单;担保物
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He guaranteed to inform(inform) us of the latest news,but I was still worried.
②His car is less than a year old,so it is still under guarantee.
③Sorry, I’m late but I guarantee that such things won’t happen again.
对不起,我迟到了,但我保证这样的事情不会再发生。
④He gave me a guarantee that he would deliver the goods in one week.
他向我保证一周内将货送到。
(1)guarantee sb. sth./guarantee sth. to sb.
　　　　 　　　　　　　　向某人保证某事
guarantee to do sth./that...保证做某事;确保……
(2)give sb.a guarantee that 向某人保证某事
under guarantee 在保质期内
4.worthwhile adj.重要的;值得做的(worth adj.值得的;具有……价值的;[古]值钱的 n.价值;作用;重要性
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(牛津高阶词典)It is worthwhile to include/including (include) really high-quality illustrations(插图).
②She said she was not worthy to accept (accept) the honour they had offered her.
③This article is worthy to be studied (study) carefully.　
④(2023·全国甲卷)It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.
这是值得你花时间的,即使我们没有很多时间。 <写作运用:应用文写作之建议信>
(1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事
(2)be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得做
be worth+n.值得……;值……
(3)be worthy+
5.delightful adj.令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①To the delight of his proud parents, he has made a full recovery.
②I’d be delighted to tell(tell) you more about our work, if you have the time.
③The town is in a delightful(delight) situation in a wide green valley.
(1)delight　　　　n.高兴;快乐
v.使高兴;使快乐
to one’s delight=to the delight of sb. 使某人高兴的是
take delight in 乐于……
(2)delighted adj.高兴的;愉快的;快乐的
be delighted to do sth. 　　　　高兴做某事
be delighted by/at/with... 　　　　对……高兴
6.upset adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的;不安的;不适的 v.(upset, upset, upsetting)使不安;使心烦;打翻
【步入经典】 写出句中黑体词的词性及含义/单句语法填空
①What made him upset was that he only got criticism from others. adj.心烦意乱的,烦恼的
②He stood up suddenly,upsetting the soup. vt.弄翻,打翻
③The sudden change of the weather upset our plan to go to the entertainment park. vt.打乱
④It upset her that she wasn’t informed of the cancellation of the meeting. vt.使生气,使烦恼
⑤She was upset to know(know) that her application for the position was refused.
⑥There is no need to be upset about such a small thing.
(1)be upset about sth. 为某事心烦/难过
be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)What upsets sb. is that... 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb. to do sth./that... 做某事让人心烦。/让某人心烦的是……
【备选要点】
1.embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Embarrassed(embarrass), as usual, I fled the scene.
②We should learn to communicate in a kinder way with people who are sensitive about what others say to avoid embarrassment(embarrass).
③It is rather embarrassing(embarrass) that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.
④Don’t ever, ever say anything to embarrass(embarrass) my customers again.
(1)feel/be embarrassed at/about/by 因……感到尴尬
(2)to one’s embarrassment 让某人尴尬的是
(3)with/in embarrassment 尴尬地
2.elect v.选举,推选;选择
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Tom was elected(elect) chairman, for he is hard-working and responsible.
②If I am lucky enough to win the election(elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students’ after-class activities.
③It is said that only two students will be elected to take part in the coming English speech contest.
据说只有两名学生将被选出去参加即将到来的英语演讲比赛。 <写作运用:应用文写作之邀请信>
(1)elect sb. (as/to be)+职位=sb. be elected (as/to be)+职位　　　某人被选为……
elect to do sth. 选择做某事
(2)election n.选举
【核心短语——妙积词块】
7.have sth.in common with与……有共同之处
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子/翻译句子
①In common with many people, he likes traveling during the vacation.
②In fact, Tina and I have a lot in common with each other, while my sister and I are totally different.
③Tom and I rent the same house, so we have a kitchen in common.
汤姆和我租了同一所房子,所以我们有一个共同的厨房。
④(牛津高阶词典)I have nothing in common with Tim.
我和蒂姆毫无共同之处。
(1)have much/a lot in common with
与……有很多共同之处
(2)have little/nothing in common with
与……几乎没有/没有共同之处
(3)in common with 与……相同
(4)in common 共有,公有
8.stick to 遵守;坚持;紧跟
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining.
②He got the key stuck(stick) in the lock.
③Once a decision has been made, all of us should stick to it.
一旦做出一个决定, 我们都应该坚持它。 <写作运用:应用文之建议信>
(1)stick　　　　v.(stuck,stuck)粘贴;将……刺入(或插入);戳;粘住;(在某物中)卡住
stick out 坚持;醒目;显眼;引人注目;伸出
stick it/sth.out　　　坚持到底;忍受下去
be/get stuck (in) 被困(于), 停滞不前, 动弹不得
(2)stick n.棍,操纵杆,手杖,枝条
【误区释疑】
stick to多表示“坚持原则、计划、诺言、决定等”,还有“继续做某事”的意思,to是介词,其宾语多是名词rule, plan, idea, promise, decision 等。
【备选要点】
knock over把……打翻,撞倒
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①I knocked over the glass and spilled the water.
②Who do you think I knocked against/into in the school this morning
③These old houses will be knocked down to make room for a stadium.
④When he got there, he knocked on/at the door but no one answered.
knock at/on　　敲(门、窗等)
knock against 撞击,与……冲突;偶然遇到
knock into 与……相撞;偶然碰到(某人)
knock down 撞倒;拆除,拆毁
【经典句型——速积表达】
9.Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.
只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上时,我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Only by working hard can you realize your dream of becoming a scientist.
②Only when he came here did(do) he know what had happened.
③Only when he sees the painting can he decide whether the painting is worth buying.
只有当他看到这幅画时,他才能决定这幅画是否值得买。
④Only then did he realize that he was equal to the job, which filled him with a sense of achievement.
直到那时他才意识到自己能胜任这份工作,这使他充满了成就感。 <写作运用:读后续写之人物描写>
当“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时,句子要部分倒装(即把原句中的情态动词、be动词或助动词提到主语前面)。
(1)only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)时,句子或主句要用部分倒装;
(2)其部分倒装结构为“Only+状语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+其他”;
(3)only修饰句子的主语或宾语时,句子不用倒装;only修饰状语从句时,状语从句本身不用倒装。
【备选要点】
The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it,their hearts sinking when they reach that final sentence.
出版商给了回信,作家急切地拆开来读,但读到那最后一句,心随即跌落谷底。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The party will be held in the garden, weather permitting(permit).
②There being (be) no buses, they had to walk home.
③The road covered with snow, they had to stay at home.
道路被雪覆盖,他们只能待在家里。
独立主格结构一般放在句子中作状语。它不是一个完整的句子,其构成还有以下几种形式:
①名词(代词)+形容词
②名词(代词)+副词
③名词(代词)+介词短语
④名词(代词)+不定式
⑤名词(代词)+过去分词
【Step 3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.What I am worried about is whether they can succeed in winning the election(elect).
2.We are absolutely delighted (delight) that you can come.
3.They have guaranteed to take(take) good care of the composers here.
4.It is worthwhile to compare/comparing(compare) the two essential designs.
5.To be honest, my brain can’t hold so much information(inform) at one time.
6.Anger is rarely(rare) looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and we are usually advised to reduce it.
7.We are aware of more and more accidents taking place around us, so we all should raise our awareness (aware) of personal safety.
8.We regret to inform(inform) you of the cruel news that your application (apply)has not been successful.
9.It is natural that you should feel embarrassed when an embarrassing thing happens.(embarrass)
10.Great perseverance is needed in persevering in teaching and staying with her pupils in this remote mountain area.(persevere)
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.如果你能批准我的申请并通知我面试,我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and inform me of the interview.
2.汤姆上周末因为太忙而不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请。
Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
3.他和他的弟弟有一些共同点,他们相处得很好。
He has something in common with his brother and they get on well with each other.
4.令我高兴的是,我的皮肤状况也在一天比一天好。
To my delight, my skin’s overall condition is also improving day by day.
5.是约翰把桌子上的瓶子打翻了。
It was John that knocked over the bottle on the table.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
Helen Keller wrote a book, Three Days to See, in 1.which she expressed what she would have done if she 2.had been (be) given the use of her eyes for just three days.
On the first day, she should most like to see the people whose kindness and 3.gentleness(gentle) and companionship have made her life worth 4.living(live).She should like to see the 5.books(book) which have been read to her, and which have revealed to her the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit.In the afternoon, she should take 6.a long walk in the woods intoxicating 7.her(she) eyes on the beauties of the world of nature.
On her second day, she should like to go to the museums trying to probe into the soul of man through his art.She should spend the evening at a theater or at the movies.
On the third day, she should again 8.eagerly(eager) greet the dawn, anxious 9.to discover(discover) new delights and beauty.She should spend in the workaday world, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life.At midnight permanent night would close in 10.on her and only then should she realize how much she had left unseen.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之读后续写
“What’s this—Ben is trying out for Mr Zuckerman ”My ears burned at hearing my name.It was Lindsey, the most popular eighth-grader, talking to her friend.I held my breath.She obviously had no clue that my locker was next to Mr Steven’s room, where the tryout schedule for Charlotte’s Web was posted.
“What if he ruins the character He’s never acted before,” Lindsey continued.
My stomach tightened.Lindsey was right.Who was I kidding I’d never been in a play.So what if Mom told me I was a natural when I imitated (模仿) movie stars Mothers always think you’re talented.At lunch I told Trevor, my best friend, that I’d changed my mind.I’d join the technical crew instead.That fit my quiet-kid image better anyway.Trevor shook his head, but he didn’t try to change my mind.I was starting to look forward to being on the tech crew.
The cast list (演员表) was finalized.Cindy, a seven-grader, got the part of Charlotte.Trevor was Templeton.And Lindsey was Mrs Zuckerman.And rehearsals (排演) started.I spent Tuesday and Thursday afternoons at school.It was fun to learn all the technical stuff.It was also fun to watch the actors from backstage by visualizing (想象) their moves.By the third week I’d memorized everyone’s lines (台词).My mind just does stuff like that.
And then, only a week before the performance, everything fell apart.The actor to play Mr Zuckerman crashed his bike and broke his leg.Then his understudy (替补演员) came down with the flu.Things like this weren’t supposed to happen in real life.
Mr Steven called the cast together.“We cannot get someone else ready by next week.We’ll have to postpone the play.” She frowned.“If the auditorium (礼堂) is booked for later, we may even have to cancel.”
Silence fell.Then I heard Trevor’s voice.“Ben can do it.He has known all the lines by heart.”
Mr Steven stared at me.I nodded, taking a deep breath, and then spouted out (滔滔不绝地说出) Mr Zuckerman’s longest speech.
Mr Steven clapped.“All right, Ben, you’ve saved the show.Cast dismissed for today, but be here the rest of the week.We have a lot of work to do.”
Lindsey just looked at me, confused.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
　　Mr Steven started us, but on stage I was rather nervous and awkward. _____
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　　And then it was opening night. ______________________________________
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Step 1　快读文本 获取信息
续写线索:感到紧张——出故障——别人的看法——回家练习——仍会出故障——老师鼓励——情况好转——首演之夜——紧张——平静下来——表演成功——观众反应——老师表扬
Step 2　细读首句 合理推测
1.针对第一段续写段首:Mr Steven started us, but on stage I was rather nervous and awkward.设问:
(1)Did the author perform well at the beginning
(2)Did the situation improve
(3)What were the author’s feelings
推测:续写第一段首句内容“Steven老师让我们开始,但是在舞台上我非常紧张和尴尬。”可知,续写第一段可描写作者排练时出现的小故障,Lindsey和其他人对作者的看法,以及Steven老师对作者的鼓励使得作者找到表演的感觉。
2.针对第二段续写段首:And then it was opening night.设问:
(1)Did the author’s efforts pay off
(2)What was the result of the performance
推测:续写第二段首句内容“然后就是首演之夜。”可知,续写第二段可描写表演时作者很紧张,但是努力克服,最终表演很成功,作者受到了Steven老师的赞扬。
Step 3　恰当用词 打造靓句
1.But when the entire cast watched me at rehearsal, I stumbled and stuttered(踉踉跄跄).
2.As we walked offstage(当我们走下舞台时), Mr Steven gave me a thumbs up and Lindsey nudged me.
3.I waited backstage, my blood running cold(我的血液开始变冷).
Step 4　衔接过渡 组句成篇
Mr Steven started us, but on stage I was rather nervous and awkward.I forgot lines partly and sometimes even completely.I tripped over my feet and knocked over some scenery.“Maybe we should postpone the show,” Lindsey sighed.I was ready to agree with her, but Mr Steven spoke first, “No, we have some time yet.” Back at home, I practised hard alone.I could spew my lines quickly and confidently.But when the entire cast watched me at rehearsal, I stumbled and stuttered.Laughter burst out.Lindsey grumbled.I did want to crawl into a hole.Mr Steven told me to take deep breaths and visualize my moves.They did help.Suddenly and finally, I felt the way.And at dress rehearsal, difference was made.Mr Steven clapped and Lindsey looked relieved.
And then it was opening night.Nervousness hit again.Before the play, I threw up.I waited backstage, my blood running cold.The lights came up.The audience clapped.My entrance came.I took a deep breath and walked on.I, visualizing my moves, calmly and naturally interacted with Lindsey.It seemed like just a minute later that the scene was over.I made it! I hadn’t missed a line or knocked over anything.When the play was over, someone poked me in the ribs and signaled to me to walk onstage.It was Trevor.Mr Steven and all the actors were out.The audience roared.As we walked offstage, Mr Steven gave me a thumbs up and Lindsey nudged me.“You turned out to be some actor,” she said.I grinned.Maybe next year I’ll try out for the lead.Unit 3　Faster,higher,stronger　
【Step 1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
Doing Tai chi helps boost memory, study finds 研究发现练太极拳有助于提高记忆力
　　Your keys aren’t in the spot you thought you left them Can’t recall the title of a book I’ve had those moments.Amid our busy lives, distraction or fatigue may explain our forgetfulness. But instances of “brain freeze” make me realize I want to do everything in my power to keep my brain sharp. There’s plenty of evidence that exercise can help protect our bodies and brains. And as we age, daily movement doesn’t need to be super intense. In fact, a new study finds tai chi, a slow-moving form of martial arts, can help slow cognitive decline and protect against dementia. The study included about 300 older adults, in their mid-70s on average, who had all reported that their memory was not as good as it used to be. As part of the study, all the participants took a 10-minute test, called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, to gauge cognitive function. A normal score is 26-30. A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment, which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities. The average score of participants at the start of the study was 25.Tai chi has been shown to improve balance, prevent falls and help slow down cognitive decline. The study found that people who practiced a simplified form of tai chi called Tai Ji Quan twice a week for about six months improved their score by 1.5 points. This increase may not sound like a lot, but study author Dr. Elizabeth Eckstrom says “you’ve basically given yourself three extra years” of staving off decline. The study is published in Annals of Internal Medicine. —https://www.npr.org (同源高考:2020年新高考全国Ⅱ卷C篇阅读选自本网站)
金榜原创 1.What did the study find (C) A.Tai chi could stop the cognitive decline. B.Tai chi improved distraction and fatigue. C.Tai chi played a positive effect on cognitive decline. D.Tai chi gave the people three extra years of staving off decline. 2.What can be inferred from the third paragraph (D) A.All the participants had bad memories. B.All the participants were tested cognitive function in advance. C.A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have dementia. D.The average score of participants at the start of the study was lower than normal score. 长难句分析 A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment, which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities. 分析:本句为主从复合句。A person is considered...为主句,who scores between 18 and 25为限制性定语从句,先行词为person; which means they don’t have dementia...是非限制性定语从句,which指代的是前面的句子;they don’t have dementia为宾语从句,引导词被省略;as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities中as...as为连词,引导比较状语从句。 翻译:得分在18到25分之间的人被认为有轻度障碍,这意味着他们没有痴呆症,但他们不像以前那么敏锐,可能需要更加努力地维持日常活动。
【Step 2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.association n.联合;联想;交往;协会,社团
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①I always associate the scene with the freezing weather and a muddy road.
②We learn that some of the injuries associated (associate) with running,such as runners’ knee,are uncommon among race walkers.
③ (牛津高阶词典)The book was published in association (associate) with English Heritage.
(1)associate with sb.　 同某人交往;与某人联系
be associated with 与……联系起来
associate...with... 把……和……联系起来
(2)in association with 与……合伙 (合作)
2.expectation n.预料,预期;期望;盼望 (expect vt.期待,期望;预料,预期 expected adj.预期的,预料的 unexpected adj.出乎意料的;意外的)
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
① (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations (expect).
② (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I had expected (expect).
③He came to life at last, which was really beyond expectation.
(1)beyond/out of expectation　　出乎意料
in expectation of 预料;期望
live/come up to one’s expectations
达到某人的预期/期望
(2)expect sb./sth.to do sth. 预料某人/某物做某事
as (might be) expected 正如所料
3.burst v.突然出现; (使)破裂;爆发;突然发作
n.[C]突然破裂;迸发;爆发 (过去式burst,过去分词burst)
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Audrey Hepburn was seen as a new kind of star when she burst onto the scene.
②The woman burst out crying (cry)when she saw the terrible scene.
③Hearing this, the little boy burst into tears (tear) and asked his mother, “Did I do it wrong Is father mad at me ”
(1)burst onto　突然出现在…… (指突然成功)
burst into a place 　突然闯入一个地方
(2)burst into laughter/tears/song/cheers/applause
突然笑/哭/唱/欢呼/鼓掌起来
burst out laughing/crying/singing/cheering/applauding 突然开始笑/哭/唱/欢呼/鼓掌
(3)a burst of speed/applause/laughter
速度突然增加/一阵掌声/一阵大笑
4.assign v.分配, 分派;指派
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
① (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)One participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned (assign) the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
②Students must read the assigned (assign) reading materials and finish three papers, in order to finish the course.
③We believe the time and hard work involved in completing such an assignment (assign) are worthwhile.
(1)assign sb.sth. (=assign sth.to sb.)
　　　　　　　　　　把某物分配给某人
assign sb.to (do) sth. 指派某人 (做)某事
(2)assignment n. (分派的)工作, 任务; (工作等的)分派, 布置
5.sharpen v. (使)提高,改善; (使)变得锋利,变得清晰;使尖锐
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In this way,practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen (sharp)his skills. (教材原句P35)
②I hope this course will help me sharpen my computer skill.
我希望这门课程能帮助我提高电脑操作技能。 <写作运用:应用文写作之申请信>
(1)sharpen up　 (使)提高,改善
(2)sharp adj.敏锐的;锋利的; (变化)急剧的,猛烈的adv. (指时刻)……整
(3)sharply adv.急剧地;严厉地;鲜明地,明显地
sharpener n.[C]磨具,削具
【核心短语——妙积词块】
6.pay off 取得成功;还清;得到好结果;付清工资后解雇
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①After graduation,she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
②I’ve now paid off all my debts.
③Can you lend me some money I’ll pay you back tomorrow.
④ (牛津高阶词典)The crew were paid off as soon as the ship docked.
船一泊港,船员就被付酬解雇了。
(1)pay back　　　　偿还;报复;回报
(2)pay for 付款;为……付出代价
(3)pay a visit to 参观, 拜访
(4)pay attention to 注意
【误区释疑】
pay off表示“成功;奏效”时,是不及物动词短语,无被动语态,且一般用表示事物的词作主语;表示“付清”时,是及物动词短语,用表示人的词作主语,有被动语态。
7.carry on 继续;坚持;进行
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/句式升级
①I hate it when she calls me at work—I am always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
②The managers discussed the plan that they would carry out the next year.
③This big case is too heavy to carry about.
④She ignored him and carried on with her work.
→She ignored him,carrying on with her work. (动词-ing短语作状语)
(1)carry on with sth. (=go on with sth.)
　　　　　　　　　　继续某事
carry on doing sth. (=go on doing sth.)
继续做某事
(2)carry out 开展, 实施, 执行
carry about 随身携带
carry sth.through 成功完成,顺利实现
carry sb.through 帮助某人渡过难关
8.set out (to do sth.)出发,开始做
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①I never really set out to change the game... (教材原句P36)
② (2023·全国乙卷)Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.
③We set out to find the truth behind the mystery.
④You must set about your work at once.
set about (doing) sth.　　　着手/开始 (做)某事
set off 出发,启程,引起,使 (炸弹等)爆炸
set aside 节省,保留
set up 建立,树立
set down 写下,放下
set an example to 树立榜样
set fire to =set...on fire 纵火烧
be set in 以……为背景
【备选要点】
a far cry from与……大不相同,相去甚远; (与……)相距很远
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/写出黑体部分的汉语意思
①His poor performance today is a far cry from that of last year.
②There is no regret medicine in the world.Don’t cry over spilt milk.
③Though Dick has tried hard, it is still a far cry from what his father expects of him. 与……大不相同,相去甚远
④While watching this movie I just couldn’t help thinking about a friend who’s a far cry from me. (与……)相距很远
(1)all the cry　　　　流行,时尚
(2)cry over spilt milk 作无益的后悔;覆水难收
【经典句型——速积表达】
9....it was along this road that Stephen’s grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole.
……斯蒂芬的祖父正是沿着这条路,在电线杆上绑上一块塑料,建造了一个简单的篮筐。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was the manager that/who asked his secretary to keep him informed of the progress.
②It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous singer.
直到他摘下墨镜,我才意识到他是个著名的歌手。
③It is in the gym that he often plays basketball with his classmates on weekends.
是在体育馆他经常和他的同学在周末打篮球。
(1)强调句的基本句型是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前,即:“Is/Was it...that...”。
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式,需将陈述句变成一般疑问句,再在句首加上疑问词,即“疑问词 (被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分”。
10.Despite his father’s successful career,Stephen was thought by many people,including his high school teammates and coaches,to be too short,too thin and too weak to follow in his father’s footsteps.尽管他父亲的事业很成功,但很多人,包括斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练,都认为他太矮小瘦弱,无法继承父亲的事业。
【步入经典】 完成句子
①He is too shy to give a speech.
他太害羞,不敢做演讲。
②The milk is too hot to drink/to be drunk.
牛奶太烫了,不能喝。
③ (牛津高阶词典)Mary will be only too glad to help.
玛丽会很乐意帮助。
(1)can’t/can never...too...意为“再……也不过分”。
(2)too...to...结构常可转换为“so+adj./adv.+that-clause”结构。
(3)在too...to...结构中,若用ready,anxious,eager,glad,willing等形容词,则该结构不表示否定意义。
【Step 3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.Radiation may damage cells in a way that was previously (previous) unforeseen.
2.I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.
3.We are called on to carry on war against poverty, illiteracy and disease.
4.It’s a beautiful painting, but it’s a far cry from great art.
5.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of the year will help sharpen (sharp) your year ahead.
6.In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation (expect) of survival.
7.You see, a bit of respect and cooperation (cooperate) can do the job better.
8.Seeing (see)her classmates burst into laughter because of her foolish mistakes, she burst out crying.
9.In human life, happiness and misfortunes are often beyond our expectations, and an unexpected (expect) blow may even drive one up the wall.
10.The exhibition (exhibition) was organised by the school in association (associate) with local artists.
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.据说,那部新电影不适合小孩子观看。 (It is said that...)
It is said that the new film is not suitable for little children.
2.决不向任何困难屈服;继续努力,总有一天你会成功的。
Never give in to any difficulties; keep trying and you will make it one day.
3.如果治疗及时,一些疾病一点也不危险。 (过去分词短语作状语)
Treated in time, some diseases are not dangerous at all.
4.妈妈在机场向我挥手,眼里含着泪。 (with复合结构)
My mother waved to me at the airport,with tears in her eyes.
5.只有相互倾听和相互理解,孩子和父母之间的问题才能被解决。
It is by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
In the 1980s, the Chinese women’s volleyball team burst 1.onto the international volleyball scene with several major world titles, and an amazing victory over the United States in the final of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics.They 2.became (become) national heroes overnight.There was gold once more at Athens in 2004.But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team’s 3.competitive (compete) spirit.
In Rio, the team was assigned to the “group of death”, 4.where it faced several strong opponents in the group stage matches.Despite 5.reaching (reach) the quarter-finals as the fourth team in the group, they didn’t give up.Every single member of the team gave their all to the fight.Their 6.perseverance (persevere) paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.Next, the Chinese team defeated the Netherlands in the semi-final matches.At last, showing a strong will and the 7.steeliest (steely) nerves, they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final.
But fighting spirit alone was not enough 8.to guarantee (guarantee) victory.Strong team spirit also contributed 9.greatly (great) to their success.Cooperation between team members is essential.If each individual does her job and works well with others, then the end goal can 10.be achieved (achieve).In fact, strong team spirit is more important than the skills of individual players.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之应用文补全短文
假设你是红星中学的学生李华,上周六你和父母一起参加了主题为“我行走,我健康”的奥林匹克森林公园健步走活动。你的朋友发来邮件询问,请给他回信,内容包括:
1.活动过程;　2.你的感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Last Saturday,I went to the Olympic Forest Park with my parents to take part in an activity called “I Walk,and I’m Fit”.The activity we 1.participated in (参加) was meaningful, which gave me a great deal of inspiration.
Early in the morning,hardly had we arrived at the registration place when we 2.signed our names (签了我们的名字)immediately.3.Seeing the sea of people (看到人山人海)doing warm-up exercise,we couldn’t wait to join them.Soon afterwards,a signal 4.was given off (释放)and we went along the walking route.5.It seemed that (看起来)no one wanted to 6.be left behind (被落下).More than one hour later,our effort 7.paid off (得到回报).We won the first prize.How delighted we were!
8.Only then did I realize (直到那时我才意识到)that taking part in activities like this is a good way for us to keep fit. 选择性必修 第一册
Unit 1　Laugh out loud!
【Step 1题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
Volunteers give aid from China with love中国志愿者的爱心援助
　　A group of volunteers from China is winning hearts in Pakistan through their continuous humanitarian assistance to the people in Pakistan in their hour of need. The volunteers are working under the name of the China-Pakistan Youth Exchange Community(CPYEC). They collect donations from overseas Chinese in Pakistan to provide necessary help for poor communities in the country. Ma Bin, the head of China-Pakistan Youth Exchange Community, says that they run several initiatives to donate to the locals, including those hit by floods and children living in orphanages, as well as providing food and other necessities for poor people living in underprivileged areas of the country. Muhammad Suleman Butt, the chairperson of the NGO (非政府组织), says that the Chinese volunteers have always been a great support to Pakistan in difficult times. They not only give donations to people whose lives are devastated by disasters, but also take a special interest in helping pack food or other items for them, as well as sometimes visiting locals themselves to deliver the packages prepared for them. 　　The Chinese volunteers also often visit local orphanages and Afghan refugee schools to donate stationery, cotton-padded clothes, shoes and food supplies. These are all humanitarian activities regularly organized since the CPYEC was founded in 2013. “As well as donating supplies, we also encourage our volunteers to spend time with the orphans or refugee children and to hug them so they can feel our affection,”Ma says. Sheikh Ahsan Farid, national manager of Aghosh Homes, says, “The children told their teachers, after meeting the Chinese, that they were very happy and it made their day receive good quality gifts,” he adds. “They felt loved, and such attention boosts their self-esteem.” Farid says, “We at the orphanage always love such kind gestures. The initiative taken by the Chinese volunteers also encouraged local donors when we shared their stories, so we are highly thankful to them for helping out and giving the kids a reason to smile,” he says. —https://www.chinadaily. (同源高考:2022年新高考Ⅰ卷七选五选自本网站)
金榜原创 1.According to the text, which is NOT true (D) A.The volunteers collect donations from overseas Chinese. B.The volunteers donate food relief packages to the local families. C.The volunteers visit local orphanages. D.The volunteers teach lessons at local schools. 2.What is Pakistan’s attitude towards Chinese volunteers (A) A.Thankful.　　　B.Admirable. C.Positive. D.Objective. 长难句分析 They not only give donations to people whose lives are devastated by disasters, but also take a special interest in helping pack food or other items for them, as well as sometimes visiting locals themselves to deliver the packages prepared for them. 分析:本句为复合句,形式为主句+从句。主句主语是They,not only和but also连接的是两个并列谓语;whose lives are devastated by disasters是whose引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为people。 翻译:他们不仅为生活被灾难摧毁的人们捐款,而且对帮助他们打包食物或其他物品特别感兴趣,有时还会亲自拜访当地人,为他们送上准备好的包裹。
【Step 2考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.mood n.心情;情绪
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Having been punished by his teacher, he was in a very bad mood.
②I am not in the mood to talk(talk) with the moody (mood) man now.
③(朗文词典)She was in no mood for visitors.
她没有心情接待来访者。
(1)in a good/bad mood　心情好/不好
a confident/an optimistic/a relaxed mood
自信/乐观/轻松的情绪
put sb. in/into a better mood 使某人心情更好
be/feel in the/no mood for sth.
对某事/物有/没心情
be/feel in the/no mood to do sth.
有/没做某事的心情
(2)moody adj.情绪不好的,喜怒无常的,情绪多变的
2.amusement n.消遣,娱乐;乐趣;(常用复数)娱乐活动,娱乐用品
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was too rainy to play outside, so she amused herself with a book.
②(牛津高阶词典)She couldn’t hide her amusement(amuse)at the way he was dancing.
③Seeing the amusing situation,my mom was amused,joking,“Don’t use up all your oxygen.”
看到这种有趣的情景,我妈妈被逗乐了,开玩笑道:“不要用光了你所有的氧气。” <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>
(1)amusement park　 游乐场
in/with amusement 开心地
to one’s (great) amusement
令人感到(极)好笑的是
(2)amuse vt.使发笑;使愉快
amuse oneself with　　　　以……自娱
(3)amusing adj.有趣的;逗乐的
amused adj.感到有趣的
be amused at/by... 对……感到好笑
3.entertain v.使快乐
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①They were entertained(entertain) by top singers and dancers.
②I like entertaining/to entertain(entertain) friends with music and refreshments at home.
③(2022·全国甲卷)It presents live entertainment (entertain), including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music. <写作运用:应用文写作之场景描写>
(1)entertain sb.to sth.　用某物宴请/招待/款待某人(尤指在自己家中)
entertain sb.with sth. 用某物使某人快乐
(2)entertainment n.娱乐活动;款待,招待
find entertainment in 以……为乐
give an entertainment to sb. 　　招待某人
(3)entertaining adj.愉快的,有趣的,引人发笑的
entertainer n.款待者;表演娱乐节目的人
4.deserve v.应得,应受到
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Although the job was difficult, she finished it on time, so I think she certainly deserved to be praised/praising(praise).
②As we all know, good work deserves(deserve) good pay.
③It’s true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserved to lose (lose) her job.
(1)deserve to do sth.
应该/值得做某事(主语通常为人)
(2)deserve+n.(attention/consideration/praise/admiration/blame/punishment)
值得(关注/考虑/表扬/钦佩)或应受(责备/惩罚)
(3)sth.deserves doing
=sth.deserves to be done
某事值得被做, 应该做某事
【误区释疑】
当物作主语时, deserve后接doing, 用主动形式表示被动意义, 等于后接不定式的被动式。有相同用法的动词还有:need, want, require等。
5.remark n.评论;言论;意见,评述 v.评论;谈论;说起,谈到
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①As long as you work hard,you’ll see a slow but remarkable(remark) improvement in your academic performance during the next term.
②It’s bad manners to make remarks on/upon/about the appearance of others.
③The first time I met him,he remarked that I would be transformed into a gentleman with good manners.
我第一次见到他时,他说我将被改造成一位彬彬有礼的人。 <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>
(1)make remarks/a remark on/upon/about...
　　　　　　　　　　　对……进行评论
(2)remark on/upon... 谈论/评论……
(3)remark that... 评论……
6.spot n.斑点;污点;地点,处所 v.(spotted,spotted)发现;认出;点缀
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He spotted his friend whispering(whisper) with someone over there.
②The young man,who was the only man on the spot,was told to set down what he saw.
③The instant Elli spotted a fierce bear approaching us, she pulled out a can of spray and aimed the spray at the bear,trying to prevent it.
Elli一发现有一只凶猛的熊正在靠近我们,就拿出一罐喷雾剂,把喷雾剂对准熊,尽力阻止它。
(1)on the spot　　　　　当场;在现场
(2)spot sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事
(3)be spotted with 满是……的斑点;点缀着……
7.conclude v.结束,终止; 推断出;断定
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Britain concluded(conclude) a trade agreement with China.
②Those are the facts;what do you conclude from them
③(2022·北京高考)Crystal knew that visions alone don’t produce results, but concluded (conclude) that“we’ll never produce results that we can’t envision”.
④Forgive me; I shouldn’t be jumping to conclusions(conclude).
(1)conclude sth.with sb./sth.
　　　　　　　　　　与某人达成(协议)/以某物结束某事
conclude from 从……中得出;推断
to conclude 总之;最后
(2)conclusion n. 结论;结束
come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from...) (由……)得出结论
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论;贸然断定
in conclusion 最后, 总之
【误区释疑】
in conclusion及to conclude常作总结语使用, 有此用法的其他表达还有in short, in brief, in a word, all in all, to sum up, briefly (speaking), on the whole等。
8.whisper v.悄声说,低语n.耳语;低语
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①James leaned over to whisper something to his classmate.
②Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about holiday plans.
③The baby is sleeping, so you’d better speak in a whisper.
④It is whispered that he has been admitted to Peking University.
听闻他已考上北京大学。
(1)whisper sth. to sb.　　　向某人低声说某事
whisper to sb. that... 轻声对某人说
whisper about sth.　　　　悄声说某事
It is whispered that... 私下说……,秘密告诉……
(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地;耳语地
【核心短语——妙积词块】
9.cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Your cheerful(cheer) appearance has relieved me of all my worries.
②The children cheered(cheer) as the plane swept low over the village.
③I asked him whether he still felt lucky and he cheerfully(cheer) explained that he felt luckier than before.
④I thought the flowers might cheer you up.
我以为这些花会让你高兴起来。
(1)cheer　　　　vt.&vi.为……欢呼,喝彩;鼓舞,鼓励 n.欢呼,喝彩
(2)cheerful adj.高兴的,快乐的,使人高兴的
(3)cheerfully adv.高高兴兴地
(4)cheer sb.on 为某人喝彩叫好,为某人鼓劲加油
10.look through看穿,识破(某人或某事);浏览;仔细检查(某物);穿过……看
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①They have looked into the cause of the accident,but the result is still not known to us.
②(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
③When you are out in the street,you should look out for the cars.
④People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs,looking through old magazines,all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.(教材原句P2)
人们不舒服地坐在塑料椅子上,翻阅着旧杂志,这些杂志以前都被看过许多遍了。
look on　　　　　袖手旁观
look out for 小心
look to 指望(某人或某事)
look down on　　瞧不起
look into 调查;查找……
look over 仔细检查,审视(某人或某物)
look up to 尊敬
【备选要点】
1.fall behind 不能按时完成(工作);落后
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I’m trying to be more centred, and not fall apart when I go through difficult things.
②I fell behind in my studies because I went through about four years of being addicted to online games.
③I was unlucky to step on a banana skin and fall over.
④Annie was so attractive that Jimmy fell in love with her the first time he saw her.Now they have been in love with each other for three years.
安妮如此迷人以至于吉米第一次见她就爱上了她。现在他们已经彼此相爱三年了。 <写作运用:读后续写之情感描写>
fall in love (with sb.)　　爱上(某人),相爱,坠入爱河
fall apart 破碎,破裂;崩溃
fall over 被……绊倒;从……上跌落
【误区释疑】
fall in love with意为“爱上”,表示动作,是短暂性动词短语,不与表示一段时间的状语连用;be in love with表状态,可以延续,当句中有一段时间时,可以用be in love with代替fall in love with。
2.think on one’s feet 头脑反应很快, 才思敏捷
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①There’s no time to consult reference books.You have to think on your feet in this job.
②I would like more time to think it over.
③We all think well of your suggestion.
④Maybe we should think twice (two)about investing so much money in a project we know so little about.
think much/highly/well of　对……高度评价
think little/poorly of 对……评价不高, 不看重
think twice 三思,对……仔细考虑
think over 认真考虑,细想
think up 想出
【误区释疑】
think后不可以直接接“oneself+as+n.”, 而think of则可以。例如:He thought of himself as a common soldier.
【经典句型——速积表达】
11.And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick.我的魔法药似乎确实起作用了。
【步入经典】 翻译句子
①She does go to school every day.
她确实是每天都去上学。
②They do want to make peace with you.
他们确实想与你和好。
③Do be careful with that vase!
务必小心那个花瓶!
强调谓语动词:
(1)did/do/does的强调用法常用于一般过去时或一般现在时的肯定陈述句及祈使句中。
(2)do表示强调时,时态与句子的时态一致。
12.The man whispered something in the lion’s ear,after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.那人对狮子耳语了几句,随后狮子摇了摇头,不高兴地走了。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country with my fellows.
②Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race,among whom were thirty girls.(介词+关系代词)
来自20个班的90名学生参加了比赛,其中有30名女生。
③The activity,the aim of which is to draw people’s attention to environmental protection,raises our awareness of caring about nature.(the+n.+of+关系代词)
这个旨在引起人们对环境保护的关注的活动提升了我们关爱大自然的意识。<写作运用:应用文写作之倡议书>
(1)当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”,用“介词+whom”;如果指“物”,用“介词+which”。
(2)one/two/several/most/each/all/both of+which/whom。
(3)the+名词+of+which/whom。
【Step 3进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.The list of their achievements is pretty impressive(impress).
2.A good advertisement(advertise) often uses words to which people attach positive meanings.
3.It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so moody(mood).
4.To be honest,the boy is always told off for improper remarks.
5.I gently(gentle) patted him on the shoulder and grabbed his hand to comfort him after the accident happened.
6.I wore a wig and walked towards the girl with a long face,making her cheer up and crack a smile.
7.These sports are not only intended for entertainment(entertain).They are of great value.
8.At the sight of the girl being treated so cruelly(cruel),they could hardly contain their anger.
9.All job applicants(apply) are determined to leave a good impression on the employer(employ).
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.把这些照片浏览一遍,试着找出你看到的那个人。
Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.
2.外面太吵了,我无法专心读书。
There is too much noise outside.I can not concentrate on my book.
3.勤奋使人上进,懒惰使人落后。
Diligence helps one to go forward,whereas laziness makes one fall behind.
4.你应该尽快振作起来,努力为将来的工作做好准备。
You should cheer up as soon as possible, working hard to qualify yourself for a job in the future.
5.她真的很想和他谈谈他在学校的学习情况。
She really feels like having a talk with him about his study at school.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
The Best Medicine
As I enter the hospital 1.wearing (wear) my white coat, I look just like any other doctor.When I put on my curly rainbow wig, big red nose, and add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”,I become a clown doctor.2.Being(be) a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people 3.feel(feel) better, which 4.means(mean) clown doctors can be helpful.We are specially trained clowns who work as part of a programme 5.known(know) as “hospital clowning”.On a typical day, we spend our time cheering 6.up patients, their families, and usually the hospital staff, too! We do this by doing magic tricks, singing songs, telling stories and, of course, telling silly jokes...7.However, some children don’t want to laugh, especially if they feel 8.painful (pain).We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us 9.updated(update) on each patient.While there might be more hospital visits ahead for patients, I hope that clown doctors help make 10.it a friendlier place to visit.After all, it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之应用文句式升级
上周末,你班去附近的光明敬老院(Guangming Nursing Home)进行了志愿者服务活动。请你为学校英语报刊写一篇新闻报道,介绍此次活动。
内容包括:
1.活动时间、地点;
2.活动内容;
3.活动感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Step 1　句式升级
1.上周末,我们班去光明敬老院做了一些义务工作。
>一般表达:Last weekend,our class went to Guangming Nursing Home and did some voluntary work.
>用不定式改写:Last weekend,our class went to Guangming Nursing Home to do some voluntary work.
2.然后我们马上开始工作,擦窗户和扫地。
>一般表达:Then,we started working at once.We cleaned the windows and swept the floor.
>用动词-ing改写:Then,we started working at once,cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor.
3.一切都做完了,所以我们坐在院子里和老人聊天。
>一般表达:Everything was accomplished,so we sat in the yard and chatted with the elderly people.
>用with复合结构改写:With everything accomplished,we sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.
4.老人们对我们的善举表示了极大的感谢,这使我们非常高兴。
>一般表达:The elderly people expressed their great appreciation for our acts of kindness and it made us very happy.
>用定语从句改写:The elderly people expressed their great appreciation for our acts of kindness,which made us very happy.
5.我们很累,但是我们认为这是一次有意义而又难忘的经历。
>一般表达:We were tired,but we thought it was a meaningful and unforgettable experience.
>用as引导的让步状语从句改写:Tired as we were,we thought it was a meaningful and unforgettable experience.
Step 2　组句成篇
适当运用关联词串联以上句子。
Last weekend,our class went to Guangming Nursing Home to do some voluntary work.
Upon our arrival,we were warmly welcomed by the elderly people.At first,we presented them with flowers and fruits.Then,we started working at once,cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor.With everything accomplished,we sat in the yard chatting with the elderly people.When it was time for us to leave,the elderly people expressed their great appreciation for our acts of kindness,which made us very happy.
Tired as we were,we thought it was a meaningful and unforgettable experience.What we did brought joy to others and enriched our own lives as well.　　　Unit 6　Nurturing nature
【Step 1 题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
　　Back from the brink: How “frozen zoos” could save dying species
从悬崖边回来:“冷冻动物园”如何拯救濒临灭绝的物种
When Kurt Benirschke started collecting skin samples from rare and endangered animals in 1972, he didn’t have a firm plan on what to do with them. As a researcher at the University of California at San Diego, he believed that one day the tools would be developed to use them to save those animals. A few years later, he moved his collection to San Diego Zoo, and called it the Frozen Zoo. Today, the Frozen Zoo is the world’s largest animal cryobank(生物冷库), with samples from over 10,500 individual animals from 1,220 species. Since the Frozen Zoo was founded, many milestones have been reached in the field of genetics, starting with the cloning of the first animal—a sheep named Dolly—in 1996. Starting in 2001, four endangered species have been cloned using genetic material from the Frozen Zoo: the Gaur, a humpbacked Asian wild ox; the Banteng, a Southeast-Asian species of cattle; Przewalski’s horse, once found throughout Mongolia and extinct in the wild until recently; and the Black-footed ferret, which was believed to be extinct in the wild until it resurfaced in 1981, but was then almost wiped out by an epidemic. Although cloning isn’t perfect, it’s a useful tool to help save endangered species, because it can increase genetic diversity. When the population of a species declines, the remaining animals are forced to inbreed and the genetic pool shrinks, further threatening survival. In a species of animals, the genetic diversity is what gives it its resilience(快速恢复能力). —https://n.com (同源高考:2023年全国甲卷阅读理解A篇选自本网站)
金榜原创 1.At first, what was Kurt’s purpose in founding the Frozen Zoo (C) A.He didn’t know clearly. B.It can be used to clone animals. C.It might save the endangered animals one day. D.It could store samples. 2.What can we infer from the text (A) A.Genetic diversity decides the biological diversity. B.Cloning can save all endangered animals. C.Inbreeding directly threatens animal population. D.Increasing genetic diversity is inevitable for an increase in animal population. 长难句分析 Since the Frozen Zoo was founded, many milestones have been reached in the field of genetics, starting with the cloning of the first animal—a sheep named Dolly—in 1996. 分析:本句的主句为many milestones have been reached in the field of genetics;Since引导的句子为时间状语从句;starting with the cloning...为动词-ing形式作时间状语。 翻译:自冷冻动物园成立以来,遗传学领域已经达到了许多里程碑,从1996年克隆出第一只动物——一只名叫多莉的羊开始。
【Step 2 考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.massive adj.巨大的;大量的;严重的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①We must believe in and rely on the masses.
②The explosion made a massive(mass) hole in the ground.
③(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive (mass) benefits to the things you value.
④The little girls looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took masses of/a mass of photos of them.
这些小女孩穿着漂亮的衣服看起来很迷人,我们给她们拍了很多照片。 <写作运用:读后续写之人物描写>
(1)mass　　　　　　 n. 大量,许多;块,堆,团
a mass of=masses of 大量,许多
the mass of 大多数
in mass 全部, 全体
(2)the masses 人民群众
2.wander v.徘徊, 闲逛;注意力不集中, 走神;偏离
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2021·全国乙卷)The first step is to go exploring, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering(wander) into somebody’s house for the first time.
②Don’t let your mind wander from the main point of the argument.
③As I wandered (wander) through the impressionist gallery, I appreciated masterpieces like The Ballet Class and The Card Players.
④My thought wandered back to my childhood as soon as I heard this song.
一听到这首歌, 我的思绪就回到了我的童年。 <写作运用:读后续写之心理描写>
wander away/off　　　　走散, 离开
wander back to... (多指思绪)回到……
wander about/around 徘徊;流浪;漫步
wander from 从……离开
3.disturb v.干扰,扰乱
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed (disturb) places.
②Joe forced a smile, but underneath he was a little disturbed(disturb).
③When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing(disturb) happening around his home.
④When she was wandering, it disturbed her to realise(realise) that she was alone.
⑤Please talk quietly in the reading room in order not to disturb others.
在阅览室里,请轻声说话,以免干扰他人。 <写作运用:应用文写作之建议信>
(1)disturb sb. 　 打扰某人; 使某人心神不安
(2)disturbed adj. 感到不安的; 心烦意乱的
be disturbed by/about/at... 对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth. 对做某事感到不安
undisturbed adj.安静的;未受惊扰的
(3)disturbing adj.令人不安的, 引起烦恼的
disturbing news 令人不安的消息
【误区释疑】disturb,bother,trouble,worry
disturb 用于被动时, 被扰乱的意思较强, 甚至可指精神错乱(mentally disturbed);用于主动时, 打扰的意思较弱, 指无意中、并非存心地打扰他人。还可表示改变通常的或自然的状态
bother 用于被动时,指被时有时无的小事打扰; 用于主动时,带有故意打扰他人的意思
trouble 指麻烦别人而影响他人舒适、方便、心境的平静等
worry 指因担心某事的结果而焦虑不安
4.applicant n.申请人
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)If you’re willing to apply yourself(you), I think you have a good shot at this.
②(2021·天津高考)All applicants(apply) must have a driver’s license and access to a car.
③Now a lot of new technologies can be applied to solving problems in industry.
④The researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied(apply) it to plastic films.
⑤If you want to apply for a job at the office where I work, you should have certain qualification.
(1)apply　　　　　 v.应用,实施;适用
apply for 申请,请求
apply oneself to 专心于;致力于
apply...to 将……涂抹于;将……应用于
apply to/be applied to适用于,适合于
(2)application n.申请,请求;申请书;应用,施用
5.operator n.经营者;操作人员,技工;电话员,接线员
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The operator(operate) has to be able to carry out routine maintenance of the machine.
②Having seen the X-ray, the doctor decided to operate on/upon the patient.
③It is time to put our plan into operation(operate).
④The new law will come/go into operation by midnight tomorrow.
新法律将于明日午夜生效。
(1)operate　　　　　v. 经营;运转;操作;控制;(对……)动手术
operate on/upon... 给……做手术
(2)operation n. 手术;运转,运行;操作
put...into operation 投入使用;开始试行;投入运营
come/go into operation开始工作,运转;生效
6.favour n.支持,赞同;恩惠,帮助;善意的行为;偏爱,偏袒v.支持;偏爱;偏袒
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级
①People who are in favour of modern life may think it is rather dull to live in the countryside.
②Our products enjoy good fame at home and abroad, deeply favoured(favour) by customers.
③Tea is still one of the favourite(favour) drinks in the world.
④I’m sorry to disturb you, but I have to ask a favour of you/ask you a favour(请你帮忙) in the hope that you could pick up my friend from the airport.
⑤We sincerely hope you can help us and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play.
→We sincerely hope you can do us a favour/give us a hand and give us some guidance on how to adapt a story from our English textbook for a short play.
(1)ask sb. a favour=ask a favour of sb.　请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour=give sb. a hand 帮某人忙
in favour of 支持,赞同
in one’s favour 有利于某人;对某人有利
(2)favourite adj.最喜欢的n.最喜欢的人或物
(3)favourable adj.赞同的;有利的
7.advertise v.(为……)做广告(宣传);登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I would like to apply for the position advertised(advertise) in yesterday’s newspaper.
②The company is advertising for typists in newspapers.
③There are many advertisements(advertise) in newspapers nowadays.
④If you want to sell your house,why not put an advertisement in the local newspaper
如果你想要卖房,为什么不在当地报纸上登个广告
(1)advertise for　　　　 登广告征求……
(2)advertisement n.广告;启事
put an advertisement in the newspaper 在报纸上发布广告
8.negotiable adj.可协商的,可讨论的;可通行的;流通的;可兑现的;可转让的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Parts of the road have been washed away by streams, so it is not
negotiable(negotiate) now.
②(牛津高阶词典)They have refused to negotiate on this issue.
③The negotiation(negotiate) broke down because one side refused to play the game.
④We have decided to negotiate with the producer for/about the price of the products.
我们已经决定就产品的价格与生产商进行谈判。
(1)negotiate　　　　 v. 谈判,磋商,协商;商议;达成(协议)
negotiate with sb. for/about/on sth. 和某人协商某事;就某事和某人谈判
(2)negotiation n. (尤指商业或政治方面的)谈判,协商,磋商
under negotiation 在协商中
9.qualification n.技能条件,资格 (pl.)qualifications
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I don’t know much about it, so I don’t feel qualified(qualify)to comment.
②In order to compete with others, the restaurant should improve the quality(qualify)of its service.
③A degree is by no means an essential qualification(qualify) for a journalist.
④As the quality of the city’s air continues to give rise to concerns, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.
因为城市的空气质量依然令人担忧,居民被鼓励燃放更少的烟花。 <写作运用:应用文写作之倡议书>
(1)qualify　　　　vt.& vi.(使)具有资格;有权;达标
(2)quality n.质量,品质;优质,优点;才能,能力
(3)qualified adj.合格的,胜任的
be qualified for... 有……的资格
【核心短语——妙积词块】
10.put into operation投入运行;(使)施行;(使)实行;(使)生效
【步入经典】 完成句子
①In which year was the completed Qinghai-Xizang Railway put into operation
建成的青藏铁路是哪一年投入运行的
②The law shall be put into operation/effect on and after June 1.
此项法律将于6月1日起生效。
③The most important thing is to put theory into practice.
最重要的事情是把理论付诸实践。
put into practice　　　实施;实行;付诸实践
put into effect 实施(计划);实现(想法)
put into prison 关进监狱;监禁;投入监狱
put into use 投入使用;使用,利用
11.catch one’s eye引起某人注意;引人注目
【步入经典】 用catch短语的正确形式填空/完成句子
①When she saw the bear,she caught her breath,frozen there.
②To catch up with the classmates,the boy is making good use of every minute to study.
③The issue of plastic pollution has caught our attention.
塑料污染问题已经引起了我们的注意。
④The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge,the world’s longest bridge built over permafrost.(教材原句P83)
第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥,世界上最长的建在永久冻土层上的桥。
catch one’s attention　吸引某人的注意
catch one’s breath 屏住呼吸
catch hold of 抓住
catch on 理解;受欢迎,流行起来
catch up with 赶上
12.reach out伸出(手)
【步入经典】 完成句子
①Cuona Lake is so close to the railway that I want to reach out and touch its pale blue mirror-like surface.(教材原句P84)
措那湖离铁路那么近,我都想伸手去触摸它那淡蓝色的如镜般的湖面。
②I could almost reach out and grab it right then and there.
当时在那儿我几乎伸手就能把它抓住了。
③(牛津高阶词典)Keep all medicines out of children’s reach.
把所有药放到孩子够不着的地方。
(1)reach out to sb.　　　　　 向某人提供帮助
reach an agreement 达成协议
(2)out of/beyond one’s reach 某人够不到
within one’s reach/within the reach of sb. 在某人力所能及的范围内
【经典句型——速积表达】
13.How to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top concerns.怎样保护脆弱的生态系统是最令人关注的问题之一。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The problem is how to develop(develop) the economy without disturbing the environment.
②In such a big library,the little girl had no idea which book to choose(choose).
③Whether to raise the employees’ salary is being discussed in the meeting.
是否提高员工的工资正在会议中讨论。
④The scenery there is so amazing that I don’t know how to describe it.
那里的景色太美了,我不知道该怎么形容。 <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>
疑问词+不定式:
(1)“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等成分。
(2)在“疑问词+不定式”结构中,不定式必须用主动式,不能用被动式。
(3)“疑问词+不定式”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。常用这种结构的动词有ask, discuss, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, show, tell, wonder等。
14.Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”,but the “busiest job in the world”!
本后来开玩笑说,这份工作不应该被宣传为“最好的”,而应该是“世界上最忙的工作”!
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Not only you but also he is(be) going to the jungle in a distant country.
②Neither the teacher nor the students like(like) the new film.
③It was not the video but what doctors did that made us moved.
使我们感动的不是视频而是医生们所做的事情。
(1)not...but...不是……而是……,连接两个平行结构,当连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词要根据but 后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)。
(2)连接并列主语时,采用就近原则的结构还有...or...;either...or...;neither...nor...;not only...but also...等。
【Step 3 进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.Don’t worry if you use up shampoo—I’ll get some tomorrow.
2.These old men and women usually go to dance at their leisure.
3.Air pollution is what most people are concerned about nowadays, because their health is under threat.
4.(2021·全国乙卷)We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement operation(operate).
5.The applicants(apply) must meet the following qualifications: a diploma and working experience.
6.Several centuries ago, people realized that the advertisement (advertise) could help to sell goods.
7.The effect of the emission of the carbon dioxide on the environment is massive(mass).
8.I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with,which makes me qualified(qualify) for the voluntary work advertised (advertise) in the newspaper.
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.这个系统已经运行六个月了。
The system has been put into operation for six months.
2.我们应该伸出手帮助那些受地震影响的人。
We ought to reach out to help those who are affected by the earthquake.
3.当小偷从警察身边走过时,警察抓住了他的胳膊。
When the thief was walking past the policeman,the policeman caught hold of his arm.
4.直到他警告我,我才意识到有危险。
I did not become aware of the danger until he warned me.
5.众所周知,南极洲是最后一块被发现的大陆。
As we all know, Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
Many foreign experts claimed the Qinghai-Xizang Railway was “impossible”. It takes years 1.to complete (complete) it, which is a record of all of our efforts to overcome the most difficult engineering 2.challenges (challenge).How to protect the delicate ecosystem was 3.among the top concerns.In order to protect wild animals, thirty-three passages 4.have been built (build) under the railway to allow the animals to move safely and 5.freely(free) in their natural habitat.6.To prevent (prevent) damage to wetlands and grasslands, 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud 7.and Lhasa.140,000 square metres of wetland 8.was moved (move) to a new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem.To make sure the workers stayed healthy, several oxygen-making stations were constructed.The workers also 9.enjoyed(enjoy) regular breaks in lower areas.To protect Cuona Lake, thousands and thousands of sandbags were used to build a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake to protect it 10.from construction waste.
　　I am proud that we built our “impossible” railway in the world with the care that the environment deserves.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之应用文句式升级
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Tim邀请你参加他们学校暑假组织的“科技夏令营”,你想参加。请就此事写一封信向他咨询夏令营的相关事宜,要点包括:
1.具体日程安排;
2.住宿和费用等。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 1　要点写作
根据汉语提示补全句子
①很高兴听到你们学校在即将到来的暑假组织“科技夏令营”。
It’s great to hear that your school is organizing a “Technology Summer Camp” during the upcoming summer vacation.
②我很高兴能参加并了解更多关于最新技术发展的信息。
I am glad to attend and learn more about the latest technological developments.
③你能为我提供一些关于夏令营的补充信息吗 Could you please provide me with some additional information regarding the summer camp
④我有兴趣了解这个项目的具体时间表,这样我就可以做相应的计划并做出旅行安排。
I am interested in obtaining the detailed program schedule, so I can plan accordingly and make travel arrangements.
⑤此外,我还想询问住宿选择和相关费用。
Furthermore, I would also like to inquire about the accommodation options and related costs.
⑥谢谢你的邀请,我期待着很快收到你的回复。Thank you for your invitation, and I look forward to hearing back from you soon.
Step 2　句式升级
⑦使用高级词汇替换句②中的单词。
I am delighted to participate and learn more about the latest technological developments.
⑧使用动词-ing形式作状语升级句④。
I have a keen interest in obtaining the detailed program schedule,enabling me to plan accordingly and make necessary travel arrangements.
Step 3　组句成篇
适当运用关联词串联以上句子。
Dear Tim,
It’s great to hear that your school is organizing a “Technology Summer Camp” during the upcoming summer vacation.I am delighted to participate and learn more about the latest technological developments.
Could you please provide me with some additional information regarding the summer camp I have a keen interest in obtaining the detailed program schedule, enabling me to plan accordingly and make necessary travel arrangements.Furthermore, I would also like to inquire about the accommodation options and related costs.
Thank you for your invitation, and I look forward to hearing back from you soon.
Best regards,
Li Hua　Unit 4　Meeting the muse
【Step 1 题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
　　A.I.-Generated Art Is Already Transforming Creative Work
AI生成艺术已改变创意工作
For years, the conventional wisdom among Silicon Valley futurists was that artificial intelligence and automation(自动化)spelled doom for(意味着失败) blue-collar workers whose jobs involved repetitive manual labor(体力劳动).Truck drivers, retail cashiers and warehouse workers would all lose their jobs to robots, they said, while workers in creative fields like art, entertainment and media would be safe.Well, an unexpected thing happened recently: A.I.entered the creative class. In the past few months, A.I.-based image generators like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made it possible for anyone to create unique, hyper-realistic images just by typing a few words into a text box.These apps, though new, are already surprisingly popular. It’s still too early to tell whether this new wave of apps will end up costing artists and illustrators their jobs.What seems clear, though,is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries. Sarah Drummond, a service designer in London, started using A.I.-generated images a few months ago to replace the black-and-white sketches she did for her job.These were usually basic drawings that visually represented processes she was trying to design improvements for. Instead of spending hours creating what she called “blob drawings” by hand,Ms Drummond now types what she wants into DALL-E 2 or Midjourney.She also acknowledged that A.I.image generators had limitations.They aren’t good at more complex sketches, for example, or creating multiple images with the same character.And like the other creative professionals, she said she didn’t think A.I.designers would replace human illustrators outright. —https://discourse.liberal-arts.ai (同源高考:2022年全国甲卷完形填空选自本网站)
金榜原创 1.What’s Ms Drummond’s attitude towards A.I.-generated art (C) A.Positive.　　　　B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Negative. 2.What do we know about A.I.-generated art (A) A.It has been put to use in creative industries. B.It is good at more complex sketches. C.It ends up costing artists and illustrators their jobs. D.It will replace human illustrators outright. 长难句分析 Sarah Drummond, a service designer in London, started using A.I.-generated images a few months ago to replace the black-and-white sketches she did for her job. 分析:本句为主从复合句。主句中主语是Sarah Drummond,谓语是started,a service designer in London作Sarah Drummond的同位语。she did for her job为定语从句。 翻译:伦敦的服务设计师Sarah Drummond几个月前开始使用人工智能生成的图像来代替她为工作所做的黑白草图。
【Step 2 考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.distinct adj.清晰的, 清楚的, 明白的, 明显不同的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)So to try to change a distinctly (distinct) modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach.
②Being color-blind,Sally can’t make a distinction (distinct) between red and green.
③Those two quotes are quite distinct from each other.
(1)be distinct from...　　　　 不同于……
(2)make/draw a distinction between A and B 区分A与B
2.motion n.动,运动,动作 v.打手势,示意
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①His death set in motion a train of events that led to the outbreak of war.
②He made a motion with his hand to make me sit down.
③He opened the door and motioned(motion)me to come in.
(1)set...in motion　　 　使……开始
in motion 处于运动状态
make a motion 示意
(2)motion sb.away 示意某人离开
motion sb.into 示意某人进入
motion(for) sb.to do sth. 示意某人去做某事
3.compose v.作(曲);组成,构成;撰写(信、诗或演讲稿等)
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Our club was composed (compose) principally of students, with a combination of young clerks.
②Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
③(牛津高阶词典)Verdi was a prolific(多产的)composer(compose) of operas.
(1)be composed of　　　由……构成
consist of 由……组成
be made up of 由……组成
(2)composer n.作曲家
(3)composition n.作文, 作品,作曲
4.contrast n.反差, 对比 v.对比;对照
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In my view, your actions contrast unfavourably with your principles.
②Sometimes the contrast between the reality and the dream is so great that it produces disappointment.
③(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)In contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
在我们日益网络化的生活中,我们消费的信息受到监控和跟踪,与之相反,一本印刷的书仍然提供了一种完全私人的“离线”活动的机会。
(1)contrast...with...　 将……与……对比
contrast sharply/strikingly with 与……形成鲜明对照
(2)in contrast to/with 与……截然不同;与……对比鲜明;相比之下
by contrast 相比之下
【核心短语——妙积词块】
5.turn to (向某人)求助;致力于;翻到(书的某页);查阅;转向;从事于
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys.(教材原句P51)
②(2023·北京高考)Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.
③I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest had arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
④(2023·全国乙卷)As it turned out,Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians.
turn up　　　出现;调高(音量等)
turn into 使变成
turn off/on 关掉/打开(煤气、自来水等)
turn out 原来是;结果是;证明是
turn in 上交;归还
turn down 调小(收音机等的声音);拒绝
turn over 移交;翻转
6.pass down 传下来;传递
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Hofman’s inspiration for Floating Fish came from Chinese folk tales passed down through the generations.(教材原句P51)
②(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
③Did you pass by the grocery store on your way home
你回家的路上经过杂货店了吗
pass sth.on (to sb.)　 传给(某人),(用后)递给(某人)
pass away 去世
pass by 路过
7.come to life变得更有趣(或使人兴奋);变得活跃;复苏,使死而复生,苏醒
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In a few minutes Tom suddenly came to himself(he).
②What amazed us was that the distinguished artist brought the statue to life.
令我们惊讶的是,这位杰出的艺术家使雕像栩栩如生。 <写作运用:应用文写作之人物介绍>
③This story came to life for Hofman when he visited Wuzhen and saw how people lived there.(教材原句P51)
当霍夫曼参观乌镇并看到那里的人们是如何生活的时候,这个故事对他来说变得更有趣了。
(1)bring...to life　　 使复苏/更生动
full of life 充满活力,精力充沛
lead/live a...life 过……的生活
(2)come to oneself 恢复意识;苏醒
when it comes to 说到……,就……而言
(3)come across 偶然遇到
come about 产生, 发生
come out 出版,开花,结果
8.bring out 出版;使显现
【步入经典】 用bring短语的正确形式填空/完成句子
①The idea he brought up at the meeting has brought in a great profit for the company.
②The reason why the goods are sold at such a low price is that the manufacturers are willing to bring down the price in return for big volume purchases.
③The picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.
④That dress really brings out the color of your eyes.
那件衣服果真能衬托出你眼睛的颜色。 <写作运用:读后续写之对话描写>
bring about　　 引起,导致
bring down 降低;减少
bring in 引入;引进;赚得
bring up 教育,抚养(孩子);提出(议题等);呕吐
bring back 带回来;使想起
bring forward 将……提前;提出
9.lead to 导致;造成(后果);通往
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/用lead短语的适当形式填空
①(2023·北京高考)Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
②With him leading the way(带路),we got there without any difficulty.But without him,we would have been lost,which would lead to(导致) serious consequences.His action led us to believe(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.
lead sb. to do...　　　使某人做……
lead sb. to... 带某人去……
lead the way 带路
lead sb. by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子走
【经典句型——速积表达】
10.Every artist’s wish is to create something that expresses an idea.每个艺术家的愿望都是创造出能表达一种想法的东西。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen.
②The thought of going back home was all that kept him happy while he was working abroad.
③(2023·全国甲卷)It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list.它是唯一一家跻身世界 50 家最佳餐厅名单前 10 名的泰国餐厅。
定语从句中只能用that引导的几种情况:
(1)当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little等词时或先行词被every,any,all,no,little,few,much等词修饰时;
(2)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;
(3)当先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时;
(4)当先行词同时指人和指物时。
11.Since his first opera,Nine Songs,Tan Dun has been using a combination of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories.
谭盾自第一部歌剧《九歌》开始,就一直用中国音乐和世界各地的声音相结合来讲述故事。
【步入经典】 完成句子
①(2023·全国甲卷)Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009.
自2009年开业以来,Bo.lan餐厅一直在曼谷的烹饪界掀起波澜。
②I’ve been trying to find out her telephone number.
我一直在试图查找她的电话号码。
③She is very tired;she has been typing letters all day.
她很累。她整天都在录入信件。
(1)现在完成进行时具有延续性,现在完成时往往没有。
(2)现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复,现在完成时则常常不带重复性。
【Step 3 进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.Every generation has the duty to pass down heritage of knowledge from the past.
2.When the old man came to life, he found himself in a hospital bed.
3.Pay for service calls related to product installation(install) or usage instructions.
4.It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction (distinct).
5.As we approached the village, we saw new houses being built (build).
6.The pupils will feel confused (confuse) if they are made to learn too much.
7.The rhythms of Mozart’s compositions(compose) are mighty and delightful(delight).
8.The little girl found something floating(float)on the river,which frightened (frighten) her.
9.With so many excellent paintings on display, the exhibition has attracted a large number of visitors.
10.The electronic dictionary includes some animations(animate), which is a far cry from the traditional ones.
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.与大多数学生相比,她是班上最勤奋的学生。
In contrast with/to most students, she is the most diligent student in her class.
2.网络语言已经深入人们的生活,甚至开始对传统语言产生一些影响。
Network language has gone deep into people’s life and even started to have some impact on traditional language.
3.据报纸报道,武汉正在建设几条新的地铁。(it作形式主语)
It is reported in a newspaper that several new subway lines are being built in Wuhan.
4.他学画画已经六年了,准备参加全国比赛。 (现在完成进行时)
He has been learning painting for six years and is ready to take part in the national competition.
5.重新读一本读了很多遍的书,感觉就像和老朋友一起喝酒一样。(动词-ing形式作主语)
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinking with an old friend.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
Every artist’s wish is 1.to create (create) something that expresses an idea.Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist and his large sculptures are on display all over the world.One way for him to find inspiration is 2.turning(turn) to his children’s toys.These objects have given him ideas for his animal sculptures,such as the famous Rubber Duck. Floating Fish, his another work, was created from Chinese folk tales passed down 3.through the generations.When he visited Wuzhen,the sights he 4.saw (see) set his idea for Floating Fish in motion.Tan Dun is most 5.widely(wide) known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger,Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.To listen to Tan’s music is to experience 6.a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. In his opinion, Chinese music should carry “universal 7.expression(express)” of the human spirit.Yang Liping,8.who is known as the“Peacock Princess”, says that the inspiration for her famous dances has come from the time she spent in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. Her dance 9.comes(come)from the Dai people’s traditional belief 10.and aims to bring out the Dai women’s beauty.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之应用文连句成篇
假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包括:
1.活动时间;2.活动安排;3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
典句提示
1.我非常高兴告诉你这个好消息。(more than)
2.知道你对音乐很感兴趣,我写信邀请你加入我们。(knowing that...)
3.开幕式将于上午9点开始,校长会在开幕式上演讲。(where the schoolmaster...)
4.将会有各种各样的精彩演出,它们都是由才华横溢的学生表演的。(played by)
5.热烈欢迎你表演节目,这将为我们的音乐节增添色彩和乐趣。(which will add...)
连句成篇
Dear Allen,
I am more than delighted to tell you that this year’s music festival will be held in the school hall shortly.Knowing that you are interested in music,I’m writing to invite you to join us.
Firstly,the opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am,where the schoolmaster will deliver a speech.Additionally,there will be a variety of fantastic performances played by talented students.More importantly,you are definitely welcome to give a performance as well,which will add color and fun to our music festival.
I’d love it if you could attend the upcoming celebration.
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 5　Revealing nature
【Step 1 题源研读·探寻主题提升思维】
Humans are disrupting natural “salt cycle” on a global scale, new study shows
新研究显示,人类正在全球范围内破坏自然“盐循环”
Human activities are making the globe saltier, specifically in our soils, fresh water and air, according to a study released in the journal Nature Reviews Earth&Environment. Over the past 50 years, salt has increased in streams and rivers as people have begun using and producing more salt. Most people think of salt as the white specks we put in our food or the salt in the oceans, chemically known as sodium chloride (NaCl). That sodium salt can also be found in detergents(洗涤剂), other household products and more, but there are many different salts, including calcium, magnesium and other ions used in additional products—and they’re all increasing in places where they don’t normally occur. Salt is a natural and necessary component of Earth. The compound is brought to the surface slowly over long geological time scales, through natural processes such as weathering of sedimentary rocks.When exposed at the surface, the salt can mix with water, be transported into water or go into the air. Living organisms, from plants to people,take up small portions to help regulate daily functions. Excess salt hitches a ride with water molecules, entering groundwater, soil and the oceans. But human activities have altered this normal salt cycle in recent decades, the team found. Agriculture, mining, construction, water and road treatment, and other industrial activities are increasing the salt in our ground, freshwater systems and air. Before this study, scientists didn’t really know how much humans were changing salt concentrations around the globe. But the “magnitude to which we have altered one of Earth’s natural cycles is alarming”, said ecologist Bill Hintz, who was not involved in the research. He agreed with the study’s authors that these changes to the salt cycle are an existential threat to freshwater supplies. —The Washington Post (同源高考:2019年北京卷阅读D篇选自本报纸)
金榜原创 1.What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about salt (B) A.People can only have access to sodium salt in daily life. B.People intend to have a limited insight into salt. C.Additional products are supposed to be banned. D.Salts are increasing in the world scale. 2.What’s the normal salt cycle according to Paragraph 3 (B) A.Forming as a compound—weathering of sedimentary rocks—consumed by living organisms. B.Coming into being in Earth naturally—being brought to the surface—combining with water—entering soil and oceans. C.Coming into being in Earth naturally—being transported to water and air—increased by human activities. D.Forming as a compound—removing excessive salt—entering soil and oceans. 长难句分析 Most people think of salt as the white specks we put in our food or the salt in the oceans, chemically known as sodium chloride (NaCl). 分析:本句为主从复合句。Most people think of salt as the white specks为主句,we put in our food是一个限制性定语从句,先行词为white specks,引导词被省略。 翻译:大多数人认为盐是我们放在食物中的白色颗粒,或者是海洋中的盐,化学上被称为氯化钠(NaCl)。
【Step 2 考点突破·感悟经典运用提升】
提示:题干中本单元词汇加波浪线显示
【重点单词——巧积词汇】
1.distant adj.遥远的
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2021·天津高考) Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper.You may have to cover some distance(distant).
②(牛津高阶词典)He became emotionally distant from his friends and family after the illness.
③In the distance, you can see the cows eating the grass quietly.
④I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant(distance)camp ground.
⑤As she picked her way carefully along the stream,a familiar figure came up to her from a distance.
当她小心翼翼地沿着小溪走着时,一个熟悉的身影从远处朝她走了过来。 <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>
(1)be/become(+距离)distant from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持(……)距离
(2)distance n.距离
at a distance 隔一段距离;距离稍远
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance of... 在/从……远的地方
keep sb.at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人疏远
distance oneself from 使自己远离;使自己疏远
【误区释疑】 at a distance/in the distance
(1)at a distance 指“在有一定距离的地方”,介词用at, distance前可用a,some或a certain等修饰;
(2)in the distance表示“在远处,在远方(= far away)”,介词用in,distance前用the。
2.evolve v. 进化
【步入经典】 单句语法填空
①Man has evolved from the ape.
②The company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer.
③ (2023·北京高考)Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary(evolve) struggles that have shaped Earth’s biosphere.
④They may apply universally to all acts of evolution(evolve).
(1)evolve from　　　　 由……进化而成
evolve out of 从……发展而来
evolve into 发展成,进化成
(2)evolutionary adj.进化的;演变的
(3)evolution n.进化,演变,发展
3.blame v.责怪, 指责; 把……归咎于
n.(坏事或错事的)责任, 责备, 指责
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/一句多译
①(2023·北京高考)These biased perspectives cannot be blamed (blame)on one single cause.
②You should take the blame for what you have done.
③Don’t always blame your own failure on others.
④To be honest, it was Su’s fault, but Li was also to blame (blame).
⑤我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。
→We can’t blame the accident on the weather.(blame v.)
→We can’t put/lay the blame for the accident on the weather.(blame n.) <写作运用:读后续写之场景描写>
(1)blame sb.for...　　 　 因……责备某人
blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame(for...) (对……)负有责任
(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
bear/take/accept the blame for sth. 为某事承担责任
【误区释疑】blame, scold, criticize的区别
blame 是日常用语,表示一般的责备,语气比较轻,没有怒骂、申斥的意思
scold “责骂;呵责;申斥”,但不是辱骂,而是在发怒的情况下埋怨地说、喋喋不休地斥责。通常用于父母对子女、夫妻之间、上级对下属或主人对仆人的责骂
criticize 是“批评;评论;挑剔”的意思,特别指对思想、言论、文章、行为等指出错误或加以评论
4.link v.把……联系起来;连接 n.链接;连接;联系;(链状物的)环,节,圈;纽带
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I don’t know whether my cellphone can link to/with the Internet.
②The two countries are friendly neighbouring countries linked(link)together as flesh and blood.
③Arrangements are being made to link up the two firms, so as to reduce the competition.
④We are trying to link up with all the old friends worldwide.
⑤(2023·全国乙卷)It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.
它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注,并有助于在家与自然之间建立联系。
(1)link...to/with... 将……和……连接或联系起来
be linked to/with 和……连接;和……有联系
(2)link together (使)连接在一起
(3)link up 连接;联合
link up with 与……联合
5.suspect v.猜想,怀疑,觉得 n.嫌疑犯, 嫌疑分子
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Nottingham police last night found what they described as a suspicious (suspect) package.
②They suspect him of killing the animal.
③(牛津高阶词典)She suspected him to be an impostor.
她怀疑他是个冒名行骗者。
(1)suspect sb./sth.　　　 怀疑某人/某事
suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb./sth.as/to be... 怀疑某人/某物为……
It is suspected that... 有人怀疑……
(2)suspicious adj.感觉可疑的, 怀疑的
be suspicious of 对……不信任,对……表示怀疑
【误区释疑】doubt和suspect 这两个动词均含有“怀疑”之意。
doubt 普通用词,多指因证据不足或仅凭证据还不能肯定而产生怀疑,多含否定意味
suspect 指猜疑、疑心,肯定意味较多
6.decline v.下降;减少;衰退;婉言拒绝;谢绝n.下降;衰退;衰退期
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/一词多义
①I absolutely decline to discuss(discuss) my dealings with him or anyone.
②It is reported that the number of goats in the wild is on the decline.
③We asked her to come to our party, but she declined. 谢绝
④The arts of China have not declined in spite of Western influence. 衰落
⑤It is reported that the temperature will decline sharply in one or two days. 下降
(1)decline to...　　　下降/减少到……
decline by... 下降/减少了……
decline to do sth. 婉言拒绝做某事
(2)on the decline/in decline 在下降, 在衰退
on the increase 在增加, 在增长
(3)a decline in sth. 在……方面的衰退/下降
【核心短语——妙积词块】
7.be native to 源于……的, 原产于……
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The ability to swim is native to fish.
②The high building is home to many companies.
③You can tell from his blue eyes that he isn’t native to China.
你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国人。 <写作运用:读后续写之人物描写>
(1)go native　　　　入乡随俗
native land 祖国,故土
(2)be home to 是……所在地
be the home of 是……的家园/发源地
8.answer the call 响应号召;接电话
【步入经典】 完成句子
①Every one of us should answer the call of the Party to serve the people heart and soul.
我们每个人都应该响应党的号召,全心全意为人民服务。 <写作运用:应用文写作之倡议书>
②He walked rapidly into the living room to answer a call/the phone.
他快步走进起居室接电话。 <写作运用:读后续写之动作描写>
③Will you answer the doorbell for me
你能帮我开门吗 <写作运用:读后续写之对话描写>
(1)answer the doorbell　 应门铃声开门
answer the phone/a call 接听电话
(2)answer for 对……负责;因……而受罚
answer back 顶嘴, 回嘴
(3)call on sb.to do sth. 请求或号召某人做某事
9.adapt to使适应;变得习惯……;使适合(新用途、新事情)
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Some animals could adapt to varying degrees of the new environment.
②She must learn to adapt herself(she) to English life.
③He couldn’t adapt his way of life to the company.
④(牛津高阶词典)Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装,供残疾人使用。
(1)adapt one’s way of life to 使某人的生活方式适应于
adapt oneself to new circumstances 使自己适应新环境
(2)be adapted to 适应
【误区释疑】adapt to/adapt oneself to/be adapted to,“适应;适合”,to是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
10.drive...away 赶跑;驱车离开
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/句式升级
①What surprises me is that after two and a half years,the mother will drive the young panda away.
②I watched several people go by,get into their cars and drive off.
③His passion for traditional Chinese culture makes him come to China.
→His passion for traditional Chinese culture drives him to come to China.(用drive短语改写)
drive off　　　　　　　驾车离开;赶走
drive sb. crazy 使某人发疯
drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事
11.be crowded with堆满,挤满
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The old town square was crowded with people.
②(牛津高阶词典)Crowds of people poured into the street.
人们成群结队涌上街头。
③After Darwin had spent some time in South America,his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.(教材原句P67)
达尔文在南美洲待了一段时间后,他船上的房间里就塞满了他收集的动植物样本。
(1)crowded　　　　　　　adj.拥挤的
(2)crowd n.人群 v.聚集
a crowd of/crowds of... 一大群……,很多
crowd in (on sb.) 涌上心头,涌入脑海
crowd into one’s mind 涌上某人的心头
crowd into... 大批涌入(狭小的空间)
【误区释疑】
crowd可用作名词,意为“人群,大众”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数均可。the crowd“老百姓,大众”。
【经典句型——速积表达】
12.Using the wood wide web,plants can share information and even food with each other.
使用植物万维网,植物可以分享信息,甚至可以彼此分享食物。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①When I came home,I found my father sitting in the armchair,reading(read) a magazine.
②Not knowing(know) what kind of gift she likes,I can’t choose one for her.
③The woman died of cancer one year ago,leaving(leave) her two children lonely and helpless.
④Learning that you get admitted to Peking University,I am writing to congratulate you.
得知你被北京大学录取,我写信祝贺你。(动词-ing形式作状语) <写作运用:应用文写作之祝贺信>
动词-ing形式作状语时,可表示时间、伴随、条件、原因、结果、方式等,通常相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
13.But Darwin’s scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory.
但是达尔文的科学研究非常令人信服,结果越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。
【步入经典】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①He ran so quickly(quick) that we all couldn’t catch up with him.
②He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.
他如此生气以至于说不出话来。
③This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.
这本书如此有趣,我们都喜欢读它。
(1)so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”
【Step 3 进阶演练·强化基础素养落实】
【基础全面练——练透单元要点】
Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇
1.However,after I went to high school,somehow I became distant(distance)from him.
2.Standing(stand) on the top of Mount Tai,we are able to have a good view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.
3.We naturally associate the name of Darwin with the theory of evolution(evolve).
4.You should inform everyone of these dangerous and disgraceful(disgrace) conditions.
5.Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using(use) the sun and the stars.
6.Honestly speaking,we all suspected(suspect) the little princess of not telling the truth to us.
7.Blamed(blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.
8.It was the second time that he had rushed(rush) out of the classroom without permission.
9.It was his carelessness as well as his laziness that led to his failure(fail).
10.Early detection (detect) of cancers can greatly increase the chances of cure even if you don’t have any symptoms yet.
Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语句式
1.仆人在卧室的角落里发现了小偷,并把他赶走了。
The servant detected the thief in the corner of the bedroom and drove him away.
2.专家认为这种疾病与使用化学杀虫剂有关。
Experts believe that the illness is linked to the use of chemical pesticide.
3.总经理对事故负有责任,尽管这并不是他的错。
The managing director was blamed for the accident,although it was not really his fault.
4.众所周知,深受世界人民喜爱的大熊猫原产于中国。
As we all know,the panda which is loved by people worldwide is native to China.
5.我终将响应时代的召唤,为祖国献身。
I shall eventually answer the call of the times and devote myself to my motherland.
Ⅲ.教材语篇——课文缩写填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
The captain of the ship named the Beagle wanted someone to profit by 1.visiting(visit) distant countries.Luckily,Darwin got the opportunity, 2.although/though he was not the captain’s first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist, 3.fascinated (fascinate) by rocks,plants and animals.The journey gave him the chance 4.to study (study) various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin 5.had spent (spend) some time in South America,his room was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He began to consider the question 6.how different species came to exist.
He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 7.to each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their 8.changing(change) environments Darwin decided to find out the truth.In 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.After much research,he came to the 9.conclusion (conclude) that new species evolved from earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book,On the Origin of Species,which 10.is regarded (regard) as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever,and it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
【写作提能练——升华主题写作】
单元话题微写作——四种模式之读后续写
A freezing downpour washed the street in front of the small-town bar.I sat gazing into the watery darkness, alone as usual.I had been in that old bar for half an hour, quietly drinking, when my thoughtful eyes finally focused on a medium-sized lump (一团) in a puddle (水洼) a hundred feet away.For another ten minutes, I looked out through the window trying to decide if the lump was an animal or just something.
The night before, a German dog named Shep had come into the bar begging for potato chips.He was starving and just the size of the lump in the puddle.Why should a dog lie in a cold puddle in the freezing rain I asked myself.The answer was simple: Either it wasn’t a dog, or it was, he was too weak to get up.
The wound in my right shoulder ached all the way down my fingers.I didn’t want to go out in the storm.Hey, it wasn’t my dog.It was just a stray on a cold rainy night, a lonely drifter (流浪者).So was I, I thought, as I tossed (扔) down what was left of my drink and headed out the door.
He was lying in the three inches of water.When I touched him, he didn’t move.I thought he was dead.I put my hands around his chest and raised him to his feet.He stood unsteadily, and his head hung like a weight at the end of his neck.His floppy ears were just hairless pieces of flesh dotted with open sores (疮).
“Come on, Shep,” I said, leading him to a corner next to the bar, where he lay on the cold cement and closed his eyes.A block away I could see the lights of a late-night convenience store.It was still open.I bought three cans of dog food and fed him.He couldn’t swallow but poorly looked at me.He was dying!
注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。
　　The local vet (兽医) was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there.___________________________________________________
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　　Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm.______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 1　快读文本 获取信息
续写线索:带Shep看兽医——情况不乐观——一起救助Shep ——Shep得救了——作者收养Shep——作者的感慨
Step 2　恰当用词 打造靓句
1.He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle (除非出现奇迹).
2.While the vet treated the sores carefully(当兽医仔细治疗伤处时), I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit.
3.He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s(太虚弱了而不得不待在兽医那里).
4.Tears filling my eyes(热泪盈眶), I knew all our efforts were worthwhile.
5.What would have happened (会发生什么)if I hadn’t stepped out on that stormy night
Step 3　衔接过渡 组句成篇
The local vet was still at his office, so I loaded the poor creature into a taxi and headed there.After a quick check on the poor dog, the vet shook his head with regret.He promised me he would try his utmost but Shep was unlikely to get through it unless there is a miracle.While the vet treated the sores carefully, I tried to drop water in his mouth and fed him with food bit by bit.I never gave up hope of getting him saved.Many times I would care his neck, whispering into his ears to encourage him to hold on.He was so weak that he had to stay in the vet’s.
Three days later, when I opened the door of the vet’s, Shep welcomed me with wild enthusiasm.He wagged his tail from left to right as if to say “Thank you”.He was gaining strength and improving for the better.Tears filling my eyes, I knew all our efforts were worthwhile.Soon, the dog recovered from severe sores and I adopted him and took him home.Once in a while, I would go to that bar with Shep, a drink for myself and a serve of potato chips for him.What would have happened if I hadn’t stepped out on that stormy night Care and kindness really made a difference, to both of us.

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