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How to enrich your writing by adding details 教学设计
I.Teaching Goal:
To help students to master the skills of adding details to their writing and enhance their writing ability.
II.Teaching important and difficult point:
To get students to know the three important ways to add details to enrich their writing.
III.Teaching methods:
Task-based teaching and cooperated learning
IV.Teaching aid:
Multi-media
V.Teaching procedures:
Step1: Lead in
1.Ask the students a question: What are your problems in writing
Answers:1.审题错误；2.无话可说；3.拼写语法错误；4.用词简单句式单调
2.Show the students a passage and ask them to find out what kind of details the writer add to it.
Step2: Learning
There are three main ways to add details in writing.
1.Communicative expansion:(主要用于开头和结尾来拓展)
例：①给即将毕业的全体高三学生写封信，建议他们在高考结束后的暑假中能够安排一些有意义的事去做。
开头要点：I am writing to offer you some suggestions.
拓展后：Knowing it will be a long summer vacation before you are admitted into your dream universities, I am writing to offer you some suggestions on how to spend your summer vacation meaningfully.
结尾：I hope my suggestions will be of great help to you.
*开头添加背景信息，结尾添加希望。
②听说某中外合作办学大学招收高中毕业生，有意申请到该校英语系学习，用英语写一封自荐信。
开头要点：I’m writing to apply for the admission.
拓展后：Learning that your school is admitting high school gratudates, I’m writing to apply for the admission to the English Department of your school.
结尾： I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.
*开头添加背景信息，结尾添加感激和盼复。
Tip:交际性拓展，主要集中在信件开头与结尾，可通过背景介绍，感谢、相信、希望、期待、评价等内容的添加，让书信交际功能更生动而又有人情味。
2.Detailed expansion:
例：①向英国朋友介绍中国学生的寒假生活。
要点句：In China, the winter vacation falls during the Chinese New Year, so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities.
拓展后：In China, the winter vacation falls during the Chinese New Year, so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities, such as visiting relatives and friends, enjoying lots of delicious food, and most importantly, getting lucky money.
②暑假的安排：我要花一些时间和父母在一起。
要点句：I'll spend some time staying with my parents.
拓展后：I'll spend some time staying with my parents, chatting with them and helping them do some housework.
③我们青少年应尽所能保护环境、拯救地球。
要点句：We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth.
拓展后：We teenagers should do what we can to protect the environment and save the earth. For example, we can use recyclable bags instead of plastic bags, refuse to use single-use products, plant more trees and save water and energy.
*细节性拓展：①列举具体的实例进行补充说明
..., such as A(/doing...), B(/doing...), and C/so on.
..., for example, ...(句子)
..., doing...and doing...
..., including A(/doing...), B(/doing...) and C/so on.
..., ranging from...to...
⑤旅行了一周后，我们回到了家。
要点句：After a week's trip, we returned home.
拓展后：After a week's trip, we returned home, tired but happy.
(添加相关状态描写)
⑥我看到了一些不良行为。
要点句：I found some bad behavior.
拓展后：I was quite disappointed to find some bad behavior. Some people scribbled (乱涂乱画) on the wall; some played soccer on the lawn(草坪) and others threw rubbish everywhere. (添加了心理描写及对相关行为动作进行描述)
*细节性拓展：②添加与所给信息有关的神态、心理、动作描写等内容。
Tip：
细节拓展：①通过适当添加例子，将写作内容具体化。
（such as, for example, including..., ranging from...to..., ...)。
②通过添加与所给信息有关的神态、心理、动作描写等内容。
3.Logical expansion：
例：①我需要好好休息，我要做些阅读。
要点句：I need a good rest. I'll do some reading.
拓展后：I need a good rest because I do feel tired after the hard work of all these years. I'll do some reading for fun, as well as for knowledge.(添加原因)
②募捐得来的钱将送给急需的人。
要点句：The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.
拓展后：The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need, which will not only help them through difficulties, but also give them warmth and happiness. (用非限制性定从补充说明产生的结果)
③演讲时要面带微笑；要讲慢些，讲清楚。
要点句：You should wear a smile on your face when you speak. Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly.
拓展后：You should wear a smile on your face when you speak, which will make you relaxed. Besides, remember to speak slowly and clearly so that you can leave a good impression on the audience and judges. (添加目的)
④我帮助祖父母干农活。
要点句：I helped my grandparents do farm work.
拓展后：I helped my grandparents do farm work. Although I was very tired, I was still proud of myself. (添加让步)
Tip：
逻辑性拓展：添加原因，结果，条件，让步，目的等内容。
Step3: Summary
掌握拓展技巧，在于先写出句子主干(核心信息)，再根据需要增添附加成分。
1.交际性拓展:开头背景介绍；结尾添加感谢、相信、希望、期待、评价等
内容。
2.细节性拓展：①通过适当添加例子，将写作内容具体化。②通过添加与所给信息有关的神态、动作、心理描写等内容。
3.逻辑性拓展：添加原因，结果，条件，让步，目的等内容。
Step4:Homework
假定你是李华，即将去英国某中学做交换生。请你给负责该项目的外籍教师Mr. Steven写一封邮件，了解相关事宜。要点如下：
1. 课程安排；2. 住宿环境； 3. 其他注意事项。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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